The challenge to this lies not in refugees or economics but in engineering.
The deepest tunnel currently is in Japan and is 100m below a 140m channel. Engineering a tunnel 240m down is seriously non-trivial, and Japan is seriously hooked-in when it comes to engineering. Spain and Morocco, really have no hope of pulling this off without outsourcing the whole deal.
The tunnel would need to be 300m + 100m below sea level (1/4 mile). That depth presents numerous difficulties with removing seep water, air density, and a host of other things. The geology is not nearly as receptive to a tunnel as it was for the chunnel engineers and they'll find that it's much, much more difficult cutting through than the chalk that is present beneath the English Channel.
This is easily an order of magnitude more difficult to build than the chunnel was. I'd be surprised if it's ever built.
Well, software engineers can now be licensed in Texas. It has nothing to do with teaching thyself, rather, it has to do with how the profession wishes the public to view itself. Engineering standards and licensure are promoted by engineers, not legislatures. They promote it because they want 'Engineer' to be synonymous with reliability, safety, and trust.
If programmers/coders/software engineers wish to have the same public view, then they need to self regulate as well, and apply pressure to it's members that aren't supporting the profession. It also requires the development of professional standards of practice, which are very much lacking in the software field and I see few people willing to step forward in that role.
And people wonder why these jobs are being exported...
The point was that the approach that MIT took would not have put food on the table of any CS grad in the US. So MIT is turning out these wonderful CS grads and then simultaneously demonstrating in a very visible, successful project that they have very little use for them - that they can rely on Gartner to tell them what software to buy and India to implement it.
What exactly are the prospects for the MIT grad when even MIT themselves employ this decision making process.
MIT students might have been able to do this more inexpensively/efficiently/quickly, but that wasn't really even considered. If the organization that has their best educational interests in mind doesn't consider them to be effective resources, how will they be received by an industry that doesn't give a damn about their best interests?
That must have been one hell of a depressing lecture to attend.
Now they're not telling us where we're supposed to work, and not telling us how we're supposed to put our expensive educations to use, only that it'll get better some day. But what's left? No farms, no factories, empty office buildings, and even the production of the very food we eat and the houses we live in is restricted to illegal immigrants because no one is willing to pay living wages.
Let me guess, you don't spend much time on farms, do you?
US farms are the most productive on earth. They are 3x as productive as those in Europe. Why? Because they are automated to the 9s. Half-million dollar equipment delivering cutting edge pesticides and fertilizers to genetically modified crops navigated by GPS and monitored by satellite. Illegal immigrants are there, yes. However, 2% of our working population produces enough food not only to let me choose among 50 different types of bread on a regular basis, but to allow people in many other countries to have bread as well.
A large number of scientists and engineers are committed to agriculture, and not so many geezers in Dickies. Which would you rather be? You complain about those crappy factory jobs, and then ask for them back. Which is it?
The factory jobs left because the robots showed up. More scientists, more engineers, fewer dangerous, low pay jobs. Sure, each engineer is covered by 10 non-engineers, but that's okay since the cost of essential services goes down.
The IT jobs are leaving because the vast majority of the industry have little more value than farmers and assembly line workers. Bad code after bad code, no real infrastructure development, short sighted solutions, chasing a buck. Not saying the industry doesn't have it's jewels - it does, but 90% of the work done over the last decade have gone nowhere. Why not pay Indian programmers to produce the same crap for less money?
What has remained in the US? The valuable, useful jobs that take this country forward: engineering, science, leadership, real service. They've always been here, they always will. If your job went overseas, it's because your seat was warm but not contributing much. If you want a job, step up and provide real value or service to this economy.
The key to navigating the economy is to not be one of the consumers that drives the cycle on without end. If you chase after Escalades and Tivos and bling-bling, then the economy is terrible because your baseline is out of reach. If you focus on food and shelter, you'll find that life can be damn good and easy to handle.
A really good example is the genomic search tool BLAST. The "stock" version from NIH isn't natively parallel, however due to it being available in source form, it's been modified to run in parallel....and it's -much- faster that way.
[snip]...think about it: Earth Simulator cost 8 figures to build, IIRC, to get 17 TFlops. Earth Simulatr is a more tradition vektor system, so it's -really- freaking good at certain operations...but it's also freakishly expensive to design and build.
Go tell VT that.
They just bought a 10TFLOP system that is incredibly fast at applications such as BLAST and they did it for a song.
My understanding was that, if anything, the distributed.net algorithms unfairly favor the PowerPCs - esp. those with Altivec. I believe the Apple has used that fact in their advertising much to the consternation of many Slashdotters.
And, of course, problems in computational fluid dynamics and the like tend to also favor Altivec. Not always, but it's pretty common. As such, the value of Altivec shouldn't be tossed off as some kind of parlor trick. For these applications, it's quite relevant.
I'd love to see a chart that would show the combined computational power of every single TI-85, or VIC-20, TRS-80, etc. that was manufactured up against single modern systems.
Would a dual G5 be able to take a hypothetical cluster of every single Apple II ever made?
There is no word as viruses. The medical word virus is taken from latin where it comparable to pestilence (they really didn't know what a virus was 2 millenia ago, did they?) As such, the plural of virus is virus, just as we don't have pestilences.
Now, we could all agree that 20th century english usage of a borrowed latin term is permitted to expand it's use and grammar, and as such, perhaps the 20th century computer usage of a borrowed medical term could do the same, no?
McDonald's promotion: $1,000,000,000 Profits for Apple: $200,000,000 Having one billion free, legal songs that can only be played on iTunes and iPods in a WMA world: priceless.
Yeah, the taxpayers also help pay for Nittany Lions football (which not everyone watches)
Wow, things really have changed since I moved out of PA. A decade ago not having a Joe Paterno shrine in your dining room was just cause for deportation to New Jersey.
I'm sure it was a mega-crapload in 1890 when the Sherman act was written. What needs to happen is fines specified in legislation need to be indexed to inflation. So that $10 mil would be like $1 billion today or something.
Er, not really. Consider that billionaires are not a 20th century phenomena. J.D. Rockefeller was a 19th century billionaire that had no problem making $10M/year. That penalty would have been poorly received, but hardly would have curbed the behavior. Who gives a shit about a $10M fine when you're pulling in $100M per year. And as another posted pointed out, the original fines were considerably smaller that what's in the statute today.
What most people overlook is that Sherman focused on restraint of interstate trade issues, not on monopolies. It was as much to manage labor unions as large corporations. Clayton addressed this directly. Consider the Anthracite Coal strike of 1902 which threatened to cripple the nations main heating fuel source just at the onset of winter. Roosevelt was willing to resort to having the Army seize the coal fields and operate them to prevent this from happening. MS isn't what they were worried about in the 1890s, the UMW (United Mine Workers union) was.
It's not something we consider today, but the 'trust-busting' moniker was a directive against all impediments to interstate trade. These were the days of small federal government, and protecting interstate trade was on the limits of what the federal government could do and unions were as much a threat to trade as were anticompetitive business practices. The problem today is that interstate trade is no longer something worth protecting. Nobody cares if California's tax economy totally goes to shit so long as the federal government is solid, and there are so many avenues supporting trade in the conventional sense that it can no longer be seriously impeded.
I've been looking to buy one of these soon, as it turns out.
TemplateMaster isn't a jig in the usual sense. It's a jig to make jigs. The problem with most jigs of this type (dovetailing, etc.) is that you tend to make a lot of passes with a powerful tool (a router) and sooner or later you'll screw up and route the shit out of your jig. When your jig costs $600, you're gonna be pretty pissed.
TemplateMaster lets you build jigs out of cheap materials and then use *those* until they wear out or you screw up. Then build a new one. The likelihood you'll ruin your TemplateMaster is much less since you really don't use it that often.
The problem is that you can use the TemplateMaster to make jigs out of substantial materials like aluminum that are viable for resale. Now, that's generally not a big issue - there are lots of products like that in the world - but if you make a product for production, you charge a hell of a lot of money for it since you know it'll have a limited market. This is designed for consumers and is actually very inexpensive even compared to other consumer jigs.
The mfgr is in a catch-22. He's made a product for consumers, but if it's picked up for production usage, it can seriously undermine his business.
Personally, I think he's going the wrong way with this. He *should* be making his own jigs from the TemplateMaster and selling those (in addition to the TemplateMaster), and use existing laws to block other manufacturers from making and selling identical products. Even if they don't sell, their existance should protect him, and who knows, maybe they will sell...
Apple books pretty close to $1M per hour in revenue, so it's only about a 1% boost, and on top of that, the margins are probably lower than their overall product line.
Not that it isn't welcome, but Apple is hardly doing high-fives over the iTMS success except as part of the overall strategy. I wouldn't be surprised to see the iPod revenue pick up to match the iTMS pace, and the iPod has surprisingly high margins.
Uh, you mean in the world of 10 gajillion windows apps that Mac users supposedly don't have, you don't have a utility that generates file names from ID3 tags?
I can think of several mac utils that do that. Sucks to have a platform with so little *useful* software.
I really don't see the need to push people into such modern tools as writing. My office has a long and glorious oral tradition - memos and reports are told and retold in meter and verse from generation to generation. Vice presidents sit down around the conference table, dim the lights and recite tales to human resource specialists and administrative assistants from years past.
My favorite is 'June 1974 Quarterly Report'. There's a lovely passage toward the end regarding a change in depreciation schedules to compensate for an adjustment in equipment maintenance. The way the syllables shorten through the passage suggests to the listener that profits are being rapidly lost, but suddenly the word usage changes to a more relaxed pace when the P&L values are stated. Spellbinding!
Don't lose any sleep over it. I see no reason why most people should have some natural appreciation of what an elephant actually weighs unless they've had to carry or eat one.
Me, years of studying physics allows me to convert among numerous units of measure including the ever useful library of congresses, empire state buildings, highways to the moon, and popes in a volkswagon, but even so I'd sure as hell be suprised if 6 tons of anything showed up in my backyard, be it cloud, elephant, or bird shit.
To me, 6 tons is about 5,000 kilos (grew up in the U.S., but I think in metric - how screwed is that) or about 5 of my car or 25 Powermatic table saws. It's all relative to what you're brain has stored. I've moved my table saw and I've had my foot run over by my car, so I have a direct appreciation for the weight of both, but not an elephant, or 6 tons as such.
Well, people also need to realize that universities slut out their resources from time to time. My school has a fabrication facility that is almost exclusively supported by industry. Basically, if they need a $1M piece of equipment (common) in the facility, industry buys it for us and can come and use it. Of course, we use it when they're not, and we rent out time on it to other companies when we're not using it.
The upside for industry is that they don't need to maintain a 100/1,000/10,000 class facility 24/7, and they get to rent out other people's $1M pieces of equipment. It's a good deal all around and only cost the taxpayers the square footage of the facility and the staff salaries which pales to the $100M+ in equipment that industry has donated. And we generate income off of the contract time to upgrade and maintain the place.
From this perspective, the cluster race makes sense:
1) by getting it in the top 5 or top 10, they earn bragging rights which is essentially the best marketing you can hope for. This brings work to the university from DARPA, NASA, industry, etc. My guess is that the project was funded by NSF or DARPA. 2) even if the university can't make full use of the cluster (faculty can *always* dream up shit to run on a cluster like this) they'll rent it out to others to cover support costs.
In the mean time, the university has a resource for students to use that likely didn't impact tuition in any way, positively or negatively. Public universities have very clear separation of funds, so research grant can't be used for tuition, and tuition funds can't be used for research or buildings. It's a very controlled situation that often times causes surpluses that can't be applied to places in need, but it also makes sure that nobody is exploited (e.g. tuition being used for supercomputers instead of instructors).
Big public universities are not taxpayer supported to the degree that you might expect. Taxpayers might cover 25% or so of the operating expenses of a major research university, but the rest comes from tuition, grants, gifts, and so on. Some public universities like University of California, aren't even directly state controlled. They are essentially a contractor to the state, educating state residents in exchange for funding, but as the taxpayer funding percentage decreases, the university acts more and more privately. The California State University system is a directly funded institution, and much more akin to what you might expect.
Slashdot Mirror
The challenge to this lies not in refugees or economics but in engineering.
The deepest tunnel currently is in Japan and is 100m below a 140m channel. Engineering a tunnel 240m down is seriously non-trivial, and Japan is seriously hooked-in when it comes to engineering. Spain and Morocco, really have no hope of pulling this off without outsourcing the whole deal.
The tunnel would need to be 300m + 100m below sea level (1/4 mile). That depth presents numerous difficulties with removing seep water, air density, and a host of other things. The geology is not nearly as receptive to a tunnel as it was for the chunnel engineers and they'll find that it's much, much more difficult cutting through than the chalk that is present beneath the English Channel.
This is easily an order of magnitude more difficult to build than the chunnel was. I'd be surprised if it's ever built.
You haven't met many of Apple's Ph.D.'s, have you?
Apple knows how to buy talent.
You mean "Engineers".
Well, software engineers can now be licensed in Texas. It has nothing to do with teaching thyself, rather, it has to do with how the profession wishes the public to view itself. Engineering standards and licensure are promoted by engineers, not legislatures. They promote it because they want 'Engineer' to be synonymous with reliability, safety, and trust.
If programmers/coders/software engineers wish to have the same public view, then they need to self regulate as well, and apply pressure to it's members that aren't supporting the profession. It also requires the development of professional standards of practice, which are very much lacking in the software field and I see few people willing to step forward in that role.
And people wonder why these jobs are being exported...
HPs new plan to return to glory:
1. Design 1U and 2U servers that run off of inkjet carts. Scrap all other products.
2. ???
3. Profit!
Yeah, and they'd probably not use ECC film in the cameras, either.
Actually, you too missed the point.
The point was that the approach that MIT took would not have put food on the table of any CS grad in the US. So MIT is turning out these wonderful CS grads and then simultaneously demonstrating in a very visible, successful project that they have very little use for them - that they can rely on Gartner to tell them what software to buy and India to implement it.
What exactly are the prospects for the MIT grad when even MIT themselves employ this decision making process.
MIT students might have been able to do this more inexpensively/efficiently/quickly, but that wasn't really even considered. If the organization that has their best educational interests in mind doesn't consider them to be effective resources, how will they be received by an industry that doesn't give a damn about their best interests?
That must have been one hell of a depressing lecture to attend.
Now they're not telling us where we're supposed to work, and not telling us how we're supposed to put our expensive educations to use, only that it'll get better some day. But what's left? No farms, no factories, empty office buildings, and even the production of the very food we eat and the houses we live in is restricted to illegal immigrants because no one is willing to pay living wages.
Let me guess, you don't spend much time on farms, do you?
US farms are the most productive on earth. They are 3x as productive as those in Europe. Why? Because they are automated to the 9s. Half-million dollar equipment delivering cutting edge pesticides and fertilizers to genetically modified crops navigated by GPS and monitored by satellite. Illegal immigrants are there, yes. However, 2% of our working population produces enough food not only to let me choose among 50 different types of bread on a regular basis, but to allow people in many other countries to have bread as well.
A large number of scientists and engineers are committed to agriculture, and not so many geezers in Dickies. Which would you rather be? You complain about those crappy factory jobs, and then ask for them back. Which is it?
The factory jobs left because the robots showed up. More scientists, more engineers, fewer dangerous, low pay jobs. Sure, each engineer is covered by 10 non-engineers, but that's okay since the cost of essential services goes down.
The IT jobs are leaving because the vast majority of the industry have little more value than farmers and assembly line workers. Bad code after bad code, no real infrastructure development, short sighted solutions, chasing a buck. Not saying the industry doesn't have it's jewels - it does, but 90% of the work done over the last decade have gone nowhere. Why not pay Indian programmers to produce the same crap for less money?
What has remained in the US? The valuable, useful jobs that take this country forward: engineering, science, leadership, real service. They've always been here, they always will. If your job went overseas, it's because your seat was warm but not contributing much. If you want a job, step up and provide real value or service to this economy.
The key to navigating the economy is to not be one of the consumers that drives the cycle on without end. If you chase after Escalades and Tivos and bling-bling, then the economy is terrible because your baseline is out of reach. If you focus on food and shelter, you'll find that life can be damn good and easy to handle.
A really good example is the genomic search tool BLAST. The "stock" version from NIH isn't natively parallel, however due to it being available in source form, it's been modified to run in parallel....and it's -much- faster that way.
[snip]...think about it: Earth Simulator cost 8 figures to build, IIRC, to get 17 TFlops. Earth Simulatr is a more tradition vektor system, so it's -really- freaking good at certain operations...but it's also freakishly expensive to design and build.
Go tell VT that.
They just bought a 10TFLOP system that is incredibly fast at applications such as BLAST and they did it for a song.
My understanding was that, if anything, the distributed.net algorithms unfairly favor the PowerPCs - esp. those with Altivec. I believe the Apple has used that fact in their advertising much to the consternation of many Slashdotters.
And, of course, problems in computational fluid dynamics and the like tend to also favor Altivec. Not always, but it's pretty common. As such, the value of Altivec shouldn't be tossed off as some kind of parlor trick. For these applications, it's quite relevant.
(Having owned a TI-85 many years back)
I'd love to see a chart that would show the combined computational power of every single TI-85, or VIC-20, TRS-80, etc. that was manufactured up against single modern systems.
Would a dual G5 be able to take a hypothetical cluster of every single Apple II ever made?
Well, that would be fun to watch if the two people were matched across floors...
Upgraded Apple G4 Cube
Qube is nice, but OS X is nicer. Plus, at 1.2GHz, this will kick the crap out of the Qube.
all the class 1 tags must have and support a kill command
Does that mean shortly after Wal Mart puts tags in everything some joker can walk through the store and tell them to all disable themselves?
No, it means that the tags are programmed to eliminate anyone who uncovers "Big Brother's" master scheme. Slashdotters beware!
There is no word as viruses.
The medical word virus is taken from latin where it comparable to pestilence (they really didn't know what a virus was 2 millenia ago, did they?) As such, the plural of virus is virus, just as we don't have pestilences.
Now, we could all agree that 20th century english usage of a borrowed latin term is permitted to expand it's use and grammar, and as such, perhaps the 20th century computer usage of a borrowed medical term could do the same, no?
McDonald's promotion: $1,000,000,000
Profits for Apple: $200,000,000
Having one billion free, legal songs that can only be played on iTunes and iPods in a WMA world: priceless.
Yeah, the taxpayers also help pay for Nittany Lions football (which not everyone watches)
Wow, things really have changed since I moved out of PA. A decade ago not having a Joe Paterno shrine in your dining room was just cause for deportation to New Jersey.
I'm sure it was a mega-crapload in 1890 when the Sherman act was written. What needs to happen is fines specified in legislation need to be indexed to inflation. So that $10 mil would be like $1 billion today or something.
Er, not really. Consider that billionaires are not a 20th century phenomena. J.D. Rockefeller was a 19th century billionaire that had no problem making $10M/year. That penalty would have been poorly received, but hardly would have curbed the behavior. Who gives a shit about a $10M fine when you're pulling in $100M per year. And as another posted pointed out, the original fines were considerably smaller that what's in the statute today.
What most people overlook is that Sherman focused on restraint of interstate trade issues, not on monopolies. It was as much to manage labor unions as large corporations. Clayton addressed this directly. Consider the Anthracite Coal strike of 1902 which threatened to cripple the nations main heating fuel source just at the onset of winter. Roosevelt was willing to resort to having the Army seize the coal fields and operate them to prevent this from happening. MS isn't what they were worried about in the 1890s, the UMW (United Mine Workers union) was.
It's not something we consider today, but the 'trust-busting' moniker was a directive against all impediments to interstate trade. These were the days of small federal government, and protecting interstate trade was on the limits of what the federal government could do and unions were as much a threat to trade as were anticompetitive business practices. The problem today is that interstate trade is no longer something worth protecting. Nobody cares if California's tax economy totally goes to shit so long as the federal government is solid, and there are so many avenues supporting trade in the conventional sense that it can no longer be seriously impeded.
I've been looking to buy one of these soon, as it turns out.
TemplateMaster isn't a jig in the usual sense. It's a jig to make jigs. The problem with most jigs of this type (dovetailing, etc.) is that you tend to make a lot of passes with a powerful tool (a router) and sooner or later you'll screw up and route the shit out of your jig. When your jig costs $600, you're gonna be pretty pissed.
TemplateMaster lets you build jigs out of cheap materials and then use *those* until they wear out or you screw up. Then build a new one. The likelihood you'll ruin your TemplateMaster is much less since you really don't use it that often.
The problem is that you can use the TemplateMaster to make jigs out of substantial materials like aluminum that are viable for resale. Now, that's generally not a big issue - there are lots of products like that in the world - but if you make a product for production, you charge a hell of a lot of money for it since you know it'll have a limited market. This is designed for consumers and is actually very inexpensive even compared to other consumer jigs.
The mfgr is in a catch-22. He's made a product for consumers, but if it's picked up for production usage, it can seriously undermine his business.
Personally, I think he's going the wrong way with this. He *should* be making his own jigs from the TemplateMaster and selling those (in addition to the TemplateMaster), and use existing laws to block other manufacturers from making and selling identical products. Even if they don't sell, their existance should protect him, and who knows, maybe they will sell...
Apple books pretty close to $1M per hour in revenue, so it's only about a 1% boost, and on top of that, the margins are probably lower than their overall product line.
Not that it isn't welcome, but Apple is hardly doing high-fives over the iTMS success except as part of the overall strategy. I wouldn't be surprised to see the iPod revenue pick up to match the iTMS pace, and the iPod has surprisingly high margins.
Uh, you mean in the world of 10 gajillion windows apps that Mac users supposedly don't have, you don't have a utility that generates file names from ID3 tags?
I can think of several mac utils that do that. Sucks to have a platform with so little *useful* software.
"University's [sic] like to give back to their town and area, endearing the locals."
Yes, that's why our supercomputer is powered by John Deeres.
Dammit!
I really don't see the need to push people into such modern tools as writing. My office has a long and glorious oral tradition - memos and reports are told and retold in meter and verse from generation to generation. Vice presidents sit down around the conference table, dim the lights and recite tales to human resource specialists and administrative assistants from years past.
My favorite is 'June 1974 Quarterly Report'. There's a lovely passage toward the end regarding a change in depreciation schedules to compensate for an adjustment in equipment maintenance. The way the syllables shorten through the passage suggests to the listener that profits are being rapidly lost, but suddenly the word usage changes to a more relaxed pace when the P&L values are stated. Spellbinding!
Don't lose any sleep over it. I see no reason why most people should have some natural appreciation of what an elephant actually weighs unless they've had to carry or eat one.
Me, years of studying physics allows me to convert among numerous units of measure including the ever useful library of congresses, empire state buildings, highways to the moon, and popes in a volkswagon, but even so I'd sure as hell be suprised if 6 tons of anything showed up in my backyard, be it cloud, elephant, or bird shit.
To me, 6 tons is about 5,000 kilos (grew up in the U.S., but I think in metric - how screwed is that) or about 5 of my car or 25 Powermatic table saws. It's all relative to what you're brain has stored. I've moved my table saw and I've had my foot run over by my car, so I have a direct appreciation for the weight of both, but not an elephant, or 6 tons as such.
Well, people also need to realize that universities slut out their resources from time to time. My school has a fabrication facility that is almost exclusively supported by industry. Basically, if they need a $1M piece of equipment (common) in the facility, industry buys it for us and can come and use it. Of course, we use it when they're not, and we rent out time on it to other companies when we're not using it.
The upside for industry is that they don't need to maintain a 100/1,000/10,000 class facility 24/7, and they get to rent out other people's $1M pieces of equipment. It's a good deal all around and only cost the taxpayers the square footage of the facility and the staff salaries which pales to the $100M+ in equipment that industry has donated. And we generate income off of the contract time to upgrade and maintain the place.
From this perspective, the cluster race makes sense:
1) by getting it in the top 5 or top 10, they earn bragging rights which is essentially the best marketing you can hope for. This brings work to the university from DARPA, NASA, industry, etc. My guess is that the project was funded by NSF or DARPA.
2) even if the university can't make full use of the cluster (faculty can *always* dream up shit to run on a cluster like this) they'll rent it out to others to cover support costs.
In the mean time, the university has a resource for students to use that likely didn't impact tuition in any way, positively or negatively. Public universities have very clear separation of funds, so research grant can't be used for tuition, and tuition funds can't be used for research or buildings. It's a very controlled situation that often times causes surpluses that can't be applied to places in need, but it also makes sure that nobody is exploited (e.g. tuition being used for supercomputers instead of instructors).
Big public universities are not taxpayer supported to the degree that you might expect. Taxpayers might cover 25% or so of the operating expenses of a major research university, but the rest comes from tuition, grants, gifts, and so on. Some public universities like University of California, aren't even directly state controlled. They are essentially a contractor to the state, educating state residents in exchange for funding, but as the taxpayer funding percentage decreases, the university acts more and more privately. The California State University system is a directly funded institution, and much more akin to what you might expect.
Googling for a Better Vacation Spot than Iowa