You have got to be kidding! We changed our behaviour and it worked? In such a short time frame? You know what? That's utter BS and most climatologists would concur.
It may not be conclusive that the hole shrank because of what we did, but we definitely reduced the stratospheric CFC concentrations:
There are no sinks for CFCs in the lower atmosphere. As a result they are transported to the stratosphere (10 to 50km altitude) where they are broken down by UV radiation, releasing free chlorine atoms which cause significant ozone depletion. In 1998 global atmospheric concentrations of on of the CFCs, CFC-11 was 268pptv. Over the past few decades CFCs 11,12 and 113 have increased more rapidly (on a percent basis) than any other greenhouse gas, but there is now clear evidence that growth rates of CFCs have slowed significantly in the aftermath of the Montreal Protocol (1985) to prevent ozone depletion. In fact, the 1998 atmospheric concentration of CFC-11 was lower than the concentration 5 years earlier. The total forcing value for Chlorofluorocarbons is +0.3Wm-2. This includes CFC-11, 12, 113, 114, 115, methylchloroform and carbon tetrachloride. Under the Montreal Protocol, the production of CFCs 11, 12 and 113 has been successfully phased out since 1995. However, despite these measures, the concentration of CFCs in the atmosphere will remain significant into the next century because of the relatively long lifetimes associated with these compounds.
There's probably better stuff to be Googled up but I'm going to be late for work.
But they spend better than half their time screaming "M-Fer, I want more research funding". Or so my 15 years in academia and government research leads me to believe.
I find your credentialism unconvincing- in fact you don't know how many years I have over you. I've been involved in those filings myself and am familiar with what happens. What I find offensive are the accusations that the entire scientific consensus on the issue is attributable to a desire for research funding. Most scientists do not receive funding for climate research. And it's not as if climate research dollars are even in short supply- after all, allocating that money and "waiting until the results are in" is basically how the president has dealt with all these problems.
Scientists question science. They question each other, and try to reproduce other's results. This is part of their job.
Yes but that is a different kind of questioning- whether theory X is supported by the evidence, can the data be analyzed differently, were there unaccounted for factors, etc. etc.
The questioning that occurs in the political arena is different- it cites and leverages what may be valid scientific objections (there are a few "maverick scientist" guys who handle this), but it bundles them together with crap: epistemological attacks on science in general as a means of finding out about the world, distortions of basic scientific concepts (like what a "theory" is), packaging of religious beliefs as competing hypotheses not subject to disproof, the equation of scientific consensus with political correctness or religious intolerance, and of course, personal attacks on the people doing the research and their motivations. Just look at all the morons in this thread suggesting that the mere availability of tax dollars for climate research proves that all its conclusions must have been falsified.
How is the heat island effect not a temperature increase caused by human activities?
Well it is, but that's not the point- the argument is that the recording stations are situated right next to artificially warm but small areas that are urbanizing. They're saying that the data is garbage because we're sticking our thermometers next to parking lots and if we just move our thermometers around we'll see that everything is fine.
I first heard this theory being used to dismiss global warming sometime in the nineties. And back then I thought it might be plausible... but not anymore, because of the intervening ten years. This explanation will not hold up for ten years because by its very nature it promises that the problem will go away by itself once we get better data. Since the effect is used politically all the time to dismiss global warming, one might suspect that climate researchers are a bit touchy about it and have been trying to correct for it by moving their thermometers around with all their "welfare" money for climate research that we hear so much about.
At this point, either the climate researchers or the "urban heat island" people must be complete and total idiots; take your pick.
It's the chase for the almighty bottom line again. Climate researchers generate very little, if any, income from their research... operating costs and salaries have to be paid...urban heat islands... nobody's actually done research... whip up panic... grants and contracts to the climate researchers... flogged the increase in the ozone hole for years now... now that it shrinks, they have to downplay the event... causing the research money to dry up... they have to discount the recent evidence that contradicts all their carefully-crafted theories in order to keep paranoia high and money coming in.
I know that in your universe, scientists drive around in pink Cadillacs screaming "M-Fer, I want more research funding and iced tea!", but in the one I inhabit, climate researchers usually point to ozone hole shrinkage as a success story: we changed our behavior and it actually produced noticeable results in the atmosphere.
The FCC responded to the report saying that it feels its processes are always open and transparent and that Chairman Kevin Martin is looking for ways to make the commissions workings even more transparent and open.
I have a suggestion for you, Kevin: why not post HERE when an issue is about to come up for a vote, instead of keeping it a secret from everyone until it's too late? That would be even more transparent and open than your current strategy of secretly alerting your buddies beforehand with their obvious conflicts of interest while the public is kept in the dark. Someone in the FCC owns too much stock in the industry they're supposed to be regulating.
Doesn't work. The fax figures it out and cuts the toner (it assumes it's getting an image of a black roller on the sending end). You need wide black vertical lines going down the sheet with bright white lines in between, so it resets the "conserve toner" flag during the scan.
"COPYRIGHT (c) ME - Copying via fax transmission is governed by intellectual property law. All rights reserved. By copying this message to your machine you agree to be bound by the Terms of Use."
Well how was he supposed to know how worthless the Indiana Jones IV script would be? To read it you have to steal it first.
In any case it appears "the market" is expecting this movie to sell $2000/$8 = 250 tickets (assuming $8 per ticket). Basically the first theater audience will run out and tell everyone waiting in line outside just how bad it is. Maybe the movie is so terrifically terrible that your face melts when you watch it unless you close your eyes. That would certainly help get the word out.
Fortunately, we know that the comet's tail will grow back
Well, hey, hold on there... we first need to decide whether this comet tail should be rebuilt at all. If another solar hurricane is just going to come and wash the tail away, then it's a waste of valuable ice and dust to rebuild it and we should disincentivize comet tails from forming by saying, hey, comet tails, we're not bailing you out anymore! Stop mooching off the rest of the solar system and take some responsibility for yourselves!
Curiously, by accident or design it seems that most of the damage and disruption was confined to the ion tail, instead of the wealthier dust tail area... that's typical electromagnetic justice for you.
Historically, people on the subcontinent spoke in multiple languages making communication difficult. Then the silly British came in, having taken advantage of the situation, and forced everyone to speak English. Suddenly everyone could understand each other and they promptly kicked the British out on their asses. Now all the phones are being answered in India. I love this story.
It will be interesting to see what effect if any the massive call centers are going to have on the flow of colloquialisms between Indian English and American English. It would be hard to notice in a place like Silicon Valley. But when these little phrases start popping up in e.g. Appalachia, and they all have to do in some way with technical problems or billing errors, then you'll know.
It's also a load of crap. The concept still exists, whether there is a language capable of describing it or not.
The Nunavut language has a special word that means "bears are evil", for which there is no English equivalent, as we have no special word that refers specifically to the type of evil that can only be associated with a bear.
So Samsung wrote some truly crappy Linux drivers? Well, Samsung's printer driver looks like it was written by a college intern on his first assignment - which probably means it was written by a college intern on his first assignment. Do you really thing Samsung is going to assign their best developers to writing a Linux driver, especially when Linux folks will just reverse-engineer it anyway because they don't like something about it? No, Samsung is going to give the project to the lowest-level code monkey they can find. OF COURSE the code looks crappy.
That was the first rootkit I ever wrote after college... * sniff *...
IBM describes how to operate in 'low cost foreign countries' with 'support people not having good English language skills, or having an accent that makes it difficult to understand them' by exploiting
I have patented a method for cutting sentences short to make them more clear.
If he's spewing false information, then libel is libel. He can and should be punished. Just because he's on the intarwebz doesn't mean he has immunity. On the other hand, if he's telling the truth, the hospital has no case.
From the hospital's perspective, it's totally irrelevant whether they win or lose the case. Their intent in filing is to find out which of their employees posted comments so they can be fired in retaliation.
Hmmm.... yeah.... but what's that in Libraries of Congress??
This is how you get a job at Google: The Library of Congress has 30,000,000 books. Assume each book weighs 1 kg. Then the explosion's mass equivalent would be approximately equal to several billion Libraries of Congress. It's almost like that Oprah episode where everyone gets a car. Every human being on the planet gets a Library of Congress. YOU get a Library of Congress! YOU get a Library of Congress! EVERYONE GETS A LIBRARY OF CONGRESS!
How much energy do supernovae release in EM, compared with the event mentioned in TFA?
About 1% is EM (rest is neutrinos). Of that 1%, about 1% of that is in the visible spectrum. From a NOVA episode I think I remembered watching a few years ago.
Instead of a representative government, where we periodically vote for representatives and send them to Washington, I suggest a government of the people, by the people, who have cellphones. A government of cell towers situated along superhighways would gather a representative sample of Americans and we can replace our arcane parliamentary procedures with wireless ones, where the power is held by the people, as they drive past particular points on the road.
Think of how convenient that would be. You could vote to condemn a newspaper ad from the comfort of your car as you drive to work. I can't tell you how many times I've needed to do that. Because if I say "zero" it undercuts my argument.
But you ask, how would we ever pay for such a wonderful system? That's easy. Just sell it to a bunch of stupid investors as "web 2.0 style socialization".
This would be a very sophisticated form of government for a large democracy. Smaller ones could use Bluetooth.
Slashdot Mirror
We aren't drilling 6 miles into the fault because any oil that might have been in there would have already oozed out onto the surface.
"Otisville?"
It may not be conclusive that the hole shrank because of what we did, but we definitely reduced the stratospheric CFC concentrations: There's probably better stuff to be Googled up but I'm going to be late for work.
But they spend better than half their time screaming "M-Fer, I want more research funding". Or so my 15 years in academia and government research leads me to believe.
I find your credentialism unconvincing- in fact you don't know how many years I have over you. I've been involved in those filings myself and am familiar with what happens. What I find offensive are the accusations that the entire scientific consensus on the issue is attributable to a desire for research funding. Most scientists do not receive funding for climate research. And it's not as if climate research dollars are even in short supply- after all, allocating that money and "waiting until the results are in" is basically how the president has dealt with all these problems.
Scientists question science. They question each other, and try to reproduce other's results. This is part of their job.
Yes but that is a different kind of questioning- whether theory X is supported by the evidence, can the data be analyzed differently, were there unaccounted for factors, etc. etc.
The questioning that occurs in the political arena is different- it cites and leverages what may be valid scientific objections (there are a few "maverick scientist" guys who handle this), but it bundles them together with crap: epistemological attacks on science in general as a means of finding out about the world, distortions of basic scientific concepts (like what a "theory" is), packaging of religious beliefs as competing hypotheses not subject to disproof, the equation of scientific consensus with political correctness or religious intolerance, and of course, personal attacks on the people doing the research and their motivations. Just look at all the morons in this thread suggesting that the mere availability of tax dollars for climate research proves that all its conclusions must have been falsified.
How is the heat island effect not a temperature increase caused by human activities?
Well it is, but that's not the point- the argument is that the recording stations are situated right next to artificially warm but small areas that are urbanizing. They're saying that the data is garbage because we're sticking our thermometers next to parking lots and if we just move our thermometers around we'll see that everything is fine.
I first heard this theory being used to dismiss global warming sometime in the nineties. And back then I thought it might be plausible... but not anymore, because of the intervening ten years. This explanation will not hold up for ten years because by its very nature it promises that the problem will go away by itself once we get better data. Since the effect is used politically all the time to dismiss global warming, one might suspect that climate researchers are a bit touchy about it and have been trying to correct for it by moving their thermometers around with all their "welfare" money for climate research that we hear so much about.
At this point, either the climate researchers or the "urban heat island" people must be complete and total idiots; take your pick.
It's the chase for the almighty bottom line again. Climate researchers generate very little, if any, income from their research... operating costs and salaries have to be paid...urban heat islands... nobody's actually done research... whip up panic... grants and contracts to the climate researchers... flogged the increase in the ozone hole for years now... now that it shrinks, they have to downplay the event... causing the research money to dry up... they have to discount the recent evidence that contradicts all their carefully-crafted theories in order to keep paranoia high and money coming in.
I know that in your universe, scientists drive around in pink Cadillacs screaming "M-Fer, I want more research funding and iced tea!", but in the one I inhabit, climate researchers usually point to ozone hole shrinkage as a success story: we changed our behavior and it actually produced noticeable results in the atmosphere.
Doesn't work. The fax figures it out and cuts the toner (it assumes it's getting an image of a black roller on the sending end). You need wide black vertical lines going down the sheet with bright white lines in between, so it resets the "conserve toner" flag during the scan.
"COPYRIGHT (c) ME - Copying via fax transmission is governed by intellectual property law. All rights reserved. By copying this message to your machine you agree to be bound by the Terms of Use."
Ha ha, joke's on you- he wants it in Canadian dollars.
Well how was he supposed to know how worthless the Indiana Jones IV script would be? To read it you have to steal it first.
In any case it appears "the market" is expecting this movie to sell $2000/$8 = 250 tickets (assuming $8 per ticket). Basically the first theater audience will run out and tell everyone waiting in line outside just how bad it is. Maybe the movie is so terrifically terrible that your face melts when you watch it unless you close your eyes. That would certainly help get the word out.
And the secret is out- the new at&t is being run by the Turks!
I'm imagining a hailstorm of flying chairs in an office somewhere.
Fortunately, we know that the comet's tail will grow back
Well, hey, hold on there... we first need to decide whether this comet tail should be rebuilt at all. If another solar hurricane is just going to come and wash the tail away, then it's a waste of valuable ice and dust to rebuild it and we should disincentivize comet tails from forming by saying, hey, comet tails, we're not bailing you out anymore! Stop mooching off the rest of the solar system and take some responsibility for yourselves!
Curiously, by accident or design it seems that most of the damage and disruption was confined to the ion tail, instead of the wealthier dust tail area... that's typical electromagnetic justice for you.
Historically, people on the subcontinent spoke in multiple languages making communication difficult. Then the silly British came in, having taken advantage of the situation, and forced everyone to speak English. Suddenly everyone could understand each other and they promptly kicked the British out on their asses. Now all the phones are being answered in India. I love this story.
It will be interesting to see what effect if any the massive call centers are going to have on the flow of colloquialisms between Indian English and American English. It would be hard to notice in a place like Silicon Valley. But when these little phrases start popping up in e.g. Appalachia, and they all have to do in some way with technical problems or billing errors, then you'll know.
It's also a load of crap. The concept still exists, whether there is a language capable of describing it or not.
The Nunavut language has a special word that means "bears are evil", for which there is no English equivalent, as we have no special word that refers specifically to the type of evil that can only be associated with a bear.
So Samsung wrote some truly crappy Linux drivers? Well, Samsung's printer driver looks like it was written by a college intern on his first assignment - which probably means it was written by a college intern on his first assignment. Do you really thing Samsung is going to assign their best developers to writing a Linux driver, especially when Linux folks will just reverse-engineer it anyway because they don't like something about it? No, Samsung is going to give the project to the lowest-level code monkey they can find. OF COURSE the code looks crappy.
That was the first rootkit I ever wrote after college... * sniff *...
IBM describes how to operate in 'low cost foreign countries' with 'support people not having good English language skills, or having an accent that makes it difficult to understand them' by exploiting
I have patented a method for cutting sentences short to make them more clear.
If he's spewing false information, then libel is libel. He can and should be punished. Just because he's on the intarwebz doesn't mean he has immunity.
On the other hand, if he's telling the truth, the hospital has no case.
From the hospital's perspective, it's totally irrelevant whether they win or lose the case. Their intent in filing is to find out which of their employees posted comments so they can be fired in retaliation.
Hmmm.... yeah.... but what's that in Libraries of Congress??
This is how you get a job at Google: The Library of Congress has 30,000,000 books. Assume each book weighs 1 kg. Then the explosion's mass equivalent would be approximately equal to several billion Libraries of Congress. It's almost like that Oprah episode where everyone gets a car. Every human being on the planet gets a Library of Congress. YOU get a Library of Congress! YOU get a Library of Congress! EVERYONE GETS A LIBRARY OF CONGRESS!
How much energy do supernovae release in EM, compared with the event mentioned in TFA?
About 1% is EM (rest is neutrinos). Of that 1%, about 1% of that is in the visible spectrum. From a NOVA episode I think I remembered watching a few years ago.
How do you differentiate Beethoven's 5th from noise based on a 5 ms sample?
If it had been a 9 ms pulse, we'd certainly know which symphony it was.
Instead of a representative government, where we periodically vote for representatives and send them to Washington, I suggest a government of the people, by the people, who have cellphones. A government of cell towers situated along superhighways would gather a representative sample of Americans and we can replace our arcane parliamentary procedures with wireless ones, where the power is held by the people, as they drive past particular points on the road.
Think of how convenient that would be. You could vote to condemn a newspaper ad from the comfort of your car as you drive to work. I can't tell you how many times I've needed to do that. Because if I say "zero" it undercuts my argument.
But you ask, how would we ever pay for such a wonderful system? That's easy. Just sell it to a bunch of stupid investors as "web 2.0 style socialization".
This would be a very sophisticated form of government for a large democracy. Smaller ones could use Bluetooth.
Why would you pay $256 for bacteria? Just buy $1 worth and let each bacterium divide eight times.
Do it again and you've got $65,536 worth of bacteria which is serious money.
and I wouldn't mind sharing my DNA with the girl in the photo.
-1, Too Informative
Hats off to our soldiers. It can't be easy to conduct a counterinsurgency campaign when you're dressed like a cyborg.