Surface area to volume ratio found to affect rate of dissolution, details at 11.
Unfortunately it's not nearly that simple. If pills were simply dropped into a static solution and allowed to dissolve, you'd be right. The problem is that mechanical mixing occurs in the stomach, something which varies a lot from individual to individual.
Pharmaceutical companies work very hard to try to make generic pill formats that ensure consistent delivery. They test the dissolution rates in stirred beakers and try to correlate those results to delivery rates in animal models and human testing. Even if they hit upon the right shape, some percentage of patients will not get correct dosage delivery due to their stomach physiology. The ability to print a more (or less) dissoluble form would help these patients.
Nothing to see here. Generating stations, nuclear or otherwise, trip off line when major changes in load occur.
Oh, but right.., it's NOOCOOLAR POWAH! It must mean a near-miss meltdown and a cover up! I'll get my potassium iodide pills and my tinfoil hat and make some popcorn.
The projected defense budget for FY16 is $585 Billion, so NASA's budget of $8 Billion would be enough to keep the defense department running for 5 whole days. Just saying...
Look! It's one of those cute little pocket sharks! I'll name him George and I'll kiss him and hug him and squeeze him and put him here in my pocket (hee hee! where he belongs!) *CHOMP* OWW! WTF! a shark in my pocket bit my finger, the little bastard! Turn this bitch into chum ASAP!
Umm, that "microbial life we 'forgot'" (which we didn't) has been baking in the UV glow of the sun, unoccluded by clouds or atmosphere of any kind, for well over 4 years. And it crashed into a planet that been baking in the UV glow of the sun, unoccluded by clouds or atmosphere of any kind, for well over 4 billion years, as well.
If the bugs survived, they earned it.
Because that would have been a waste of fuel. Getting to another planet for scientific observations, even back up to Venus or Earth, was not energetically possible. The best use of the fuel was to keep it in orbit around Mercury where it could collect the most data, which it did, and some.
Mercury is pretty deep down in the Sun's gravity well. It took a lot of fuel to get down there, and climbing out would take nearly as much. It was a one-way trip from the get-go. This is not a tragedy. It was a damned good use of money for science. Great "bang for the buck".
Maybe this needs clarification - the probe was not "deorbited" i.e. deliberately smashed into Mercury in a controlled manner. They did all they could to keep it up in orbit as long as possible, but the fuel finally ran out and its orbit inevitably decayed and it finally impacted today.
The sun influenced the orbit significantly, and the idea of a 2-body perpetually stable orbit wasn't close to the actual situation. Maintaining orbit required a lot of active control.
Even in Earth orbit, the ISS needs a periodic re-boost because its orbit is affected by the very thin atmosphere at its altitude, as well as attraction by the moon.
This *was* the bitter end. It used up all of its fuel. It had to periodically lift its orbit ever since it arrived in 2011. It finally just ran out of fuel. It has been in orbit around Mercury for nearly four years (initially planned to survive only one year, due to the intense solar radiation).
The sun's gravitational attraction caused the orbit to decay. It ran out of maneuvering fuel and could not raise its orbit anymore. This was expected - the mission fulfilled all of its primary objectives and some. A lot of good science was had from that probe.
Are they really thinking that people are going to be going crazy with the IoT thing and start printing out all sorts of plastic crap in the comfort of their home?
Really?
I could see this being cool for some educational engineering applications, maybe some fringe at-home product development (e.g. the gas door cable fix for the Honda Civic), but for 99% of folks it will be another piece of useless crapware.
Officer at computer console: "Sir, there seems to be a lot of Twitter traffic about a gathering at 6:30pm by the river!"
Supervisor: "Damned pinko commie terrorists! Deploy the usual - tear gas, sound cannon, fire hoses, horses, flamethrowers, yadee yadee.. Tell the boys to avoid breaking any backs if possible, the boys in Baltimore are having a hard time of it right now and we don't need that noise."
This is Massachusetts doing what it does best - looking to rake in some tax money. Massachusetts is particularly diligent to make sure they get a cut when cash changes hands. I'm pretty sure that the legislators here get twitchy in summer when they see kids setting up unregulated lemonade stands.
I do see this being ignored completely, until someone gets pulled over and stupidly blurts out "Uber" in the conversation with the officer. At that point they will probably set up checkpoints on the HOV lanes where one must pull over and look deeply in a trooper's eyes and state that they are not an Uber/Lyft driver, honest!
The endless cascade of statements "Water found on Mars/Underground/Europa, etc, *might* mean life exists or existed there" is getting really annoying. Water, even liquid water, does not seem to be a rarity anymore. It may not even be a qualifier for life. Can we actually start looking for life, please?
Mars apparently had liquid water on the surface and may have liquid water underground now. Curiosity has detected methane outgasings and organics in the soils of Mars. Can we put a shovel in the ground, put some slides under a microscope and see if there are any critters in it?
Ahh, the telescreen from Orwell's 1984 will finally be installed in all classrooms, feeding only appropriate knowledge into the young minds who know better than to ask questions anyway.
Now if you'll excuse me, I think now is an excellent time for a Two Minutes Hate!
I think you're thinking of pewter; tin, often (in the past) alloyed with lead.
Of course, for decades we burned leaded gasoline in our engines since it reduced knock so wonderfully, so there are several hundred ppm of lead in the atmosphere that didn't used to be there. It's still there, even though tetraethyl lead has been phased out of use.
Read up on Thomas Midgley Jr . He was a chemist and a prolific inventor, but sadly he set loose some of the nastier industrial chemicals into the world in the last century, somewhat unwittingly.
Slashdot Mirror
Surface area to volume ratio found to affect rate of dissolution, details at 11.
Unfortunately it's not nearly that simple. If pills were simply dropped into a static solution and allowed to dissolve, you'd be right. The problem is that mechanical mixing occurs in the stomach, something which varies a lot from individual to individual.
Pharmaceutical companies work very hard to try to make generic pill formats that ensure consistent delivery. They test the dissolution rates in stirred beakers and try to correlate those results to delivery rates in animal models and human testing. Even if they hit upon the right shape, some percentage of patients will not get correct dosage delivery due to their stomach physiology. The ability to print a more (or less) dissoluble form would help these patients.
I've been dead since 2009 and I'm still posting Slashdot comments.
I hope you get better soon!
Nothing to see here. Generating stations, nuclear or otherwise, trip off line when major changes in load occur.
Oh, but right.., it's NOOCOOLAR POWAH! It must mean a near-miss meltdown and a cover up! I'll get my potassium iodide pills and my tinfoil hat and make some popcorn.
Hydrogen filled, with a smoking room, of course.
The projected defense budget for FY16 is $585 Billion, so NASA's budget of $8 Billion would be enough to keep the defense department running for 5 whole days. Just saying...
That would be a good title.
Look! It's one of those cute little pocket sharks! I'll name him George and I'll kiss him and hug him and squeeze him and put him here in my pocket (hee hee! where he belongs!) *CHOMP* OWW! WTF! a shark in my pocket bit my finger, the little bastard! Turn this bitch into chum ASAP!
OWW, that hurt.
Too bad this was posted AC, but this needs to get modded to the moon.
The momentum was not constant, as the gravitational force of the sun acted on the probe. F = d/dt(mv). The momentum decreased, lowering the orbit.
Umm, that "microbial life we 'forgot'" (which we didn't) has been baking in the UV glow of the sun, unoccluded by clouds or atmosphere of any kind, for well over 4 years. And it crashed into a planet that been baking in the UV glow of the sun, unoccluded by clouds or atmosphere of any kind, for well over 4 billion years, as well. If the bugs survived, they earned it.
There were no survivors, as there were no passengers (unless one of those dope baggage handlers fell asleep in the cargo hold again).
Because that would have been a waste of fuel. Getting to another planet for scientific observations, even back up to Venus or Earth, was not energetically possible. The best use of the fuel was to keep it in orbit around Mercury where it could collect the most data, which it did, and some.
Mercury is pretty deep down in the Sun's gravity well. It took a lot of fuel to get down there, and climbing out would take nearly as much. It was a one-way trip from the get-go. This is not a tragedy. It was a damned good use of money for science. Great "bang for the buck".
About as easy as Captain Kirk entering a stable relationship with the blue skinned hottie he picks up while in that orbit.
Space is not a perfect vacuum: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bow_shocks_in_astrophysics
Maybe this needs clarification - the probe was not "deorbited" i.e. deliberately smashed into Mercury in a controlled manner. They did all they could to keep it up in orbit as long as possible, but the fuel finally ran out and its orbit inevitably decayed and it finally impacted today.
The sun influenced the orbit significantly, and the idea of a 2-body perpetually stable orbit wasn't close to the actual situation. Maintaining orbit required a lot of active control.
Even in Earth orbit, the ISS needs a periodic re-boost because its orbit is affected by the very thin atmosphere at its altitude, as well as attraction by the moon.
This *was* the bitter end. It used up all of its fuel. It had to periodically lift its orbit ever since it arrived in 2011. It finally just ran out of fuel. It has been in orbit around Mercury for nearly four years (initially planned to survive only one year, due to the intense solar radiation).
The sun's gravitational attraction caused the orbit to decay. It ran out of maneuvering fuel and could not raise its orbit anymore. This was expected - the mission fulfilled all of its primary objectives and some. A lot of good science was had from that probe.
I miss dot matrix printers: https://vimeo.com/58200103
I agree with the sentiment, but I'm pretty sure 82 million billion gallons of sea water was enough to suppress any fire on the Titanic.
Are they really thinking that people are going to be going crazy with the IoT thing and start printing out all sorts of plastic crap in the comfort of their home? Really?
I could see this being cool for some educational engineering applications, maybe some fringe at-home product development (e.g. the gas door cable fix for the Honda Civic), but for 99% of folks it will be another piece of useless crapware.
Officer at computer console: "Sir, there seems to be a lot of Twitter traffic about a gathering at 6:30pm by the river!"
Supervisor: "Damned pinko commie terrorists! Deploy the usual - tear gas, sound cannon, fire hoses, horses, flamethrowers, yadee yadee.. Tell the boys to avoid breaking any backs if possible, the boys in Baltimore are having a hard time of it right now and we don't need that noise."
Officer at computer console: "Roger that!"
Meanwhile, down by the river...
This is Massachusetts doing what it does best - looking to rake in some tax money. Massachusetts is particularly diligent to make sure they get a cut when cash changes hands. I'm pretty sure that the legislators here get twitchy in summer when they see kids setting up unregulated lemonade stands.
I do see this being ignored completely, until someone gets pulled over and stupidly blurts out "Uber" in the conversation with the officer. At that point they will probably set up checkpoints on the HOV lanes where one must pull over and look deeply in a trooper's eyes and state that they are not an Uber/Lyft driver, honest!
The endless cascade of statements "Water found on Mars/Underground/Europa, etc, *might* mean life exists or existed there" is getting really annoying. Water, even liquid water, does not seem to be a rarity anymore. It may not even be a qualifier for life. Can we actually start looking for life, please?
Mars apparently had liquid water on the surface and may have liquid water underground now. Curiosity has detected methane outgasings and organics in the soils of Mars. Can we put a shovel in the ground, put some slides under a microscope and see if there are any critters in it?
Ahh, the telescreen from Orwell's 1984 will finally be installed in all classrooms, feeding only appropriate knowledge into the young minds who know better than to ask questions anyway.
Now if you'll excuse me, I think now is an excellent time for a Two Minutes Hate!
I think you're thinking of pewter; tin, often (in the past) alloyed with lead.
Of course, for decades we burned leaded gasoline in our engines since it reduced knock so wonderfully, so there are several hundred ppm of lead in the atmosphere that didn't used to be there. It's still there, even though tetraethyl lead has been phased out of use.
Read up on Thomas Midgley Jr . He was a chemist and a prolific inventor, but sadly he set loose some of the nastier industrial chemicals into the world in the last century, somewhat unwittingly.