So Li-ion has 1% the energy of gas, and Lead Acid 1/6 of that again. Internal combustion is inefficient, and polluting but the batteries lasts only 200 cycles under best circumstances.
They also claim to be 3 times as efficient as a Toyota preus, so lets say it is 6 times as efficient as average roadster today. Lets also assume you can get a *really* good deal on Li-ion battery.
Bottom line for the tesla car: Size of tank: 1.5 gallons, and replace tank each year for $50,000.
And BTW: Lead acid: Size of tank: 0.25 gallons, and replace tank each year for $1000
These pertubations are bigger than the escape velocity of the system. They would throw the "grain sized planet" out of orbit. Probably hitting the wall in the spaceship.
You would need a lot of complex calculation to compensate for "bouncing off wall of spaceship" every week.
The key question is: What is the ratio between signal and noise here? The article does not mention this at all except talking about lagrange points, solar wind, etc. I assume placing it at L2 is to get the S/N ratio >1.
This fails when considering some noise sources: 1. Accelleration felt by a "grain sized planet" due to a 5kg ball 10cm away is 1m/s/year. 2. Acceleration felt by same "planet" due to moon 1 million kilometers away: 130 times more 3. Accelleration felt due to spaceship: ? 4..? L2 orbit itself, light pressure, magnetic & other fields etc
This appears unfeasable by orders of magnitude.
I do not have much faith in statments like "Gravity leaks into other (higher) dimensions." Where does this come from? Efforts to make string theory models fit the real world?
In a similar test of bar flys, scientists cut off the legs at the knee (50%) of all guests at a local bar, and discovered that the guests on average only made it half way home.
The scientists in this case now speculate that the guests must be using a pedometer to find their way home.
the $149 pc at fry's is a loss leader. I would gess that cost is around $180. And BTW, this is without a LCD display. It is however about the same as the $100(?) laptop:
My 20Mb/s for *very* HD was just extrapolated from a DVD player. Turn on the bitrate display when playing DVDs, and the rate usually hoovers around 4Mb/s with good action.
First, the fiber network that was laid out during the.com boom globally by companies like global crossing currently contains a lot of dark fiber. So that part is cheap.
The capacity of a fiber is easily 10Gb/s per color times 125 colors or 1Tb/s, and a cable is easily 700 fibers, so a total of 1Eb/s. Order of magnitude less for ocean fibers.
*Very* HD is 20Mb/s, so a cable will handle 50 million channels.
Cisco's high end router handles up to 70Tb/s.
Lets take the olympics as a scenario:
You are broadcasting 500 concurrent HD channels at 20Mb/s each channel. This is 10Gb/s.
This fills less than 1% of one fiber in the cable.
Now, Every family member in the house watch their own event, so this is 100Mb/s
The Router handles 70Tb/s, so one router supports 700,000 households. So you need 1 router for Seattle, 1 for London etc.
The only clamp on this whole thing is all the ISP whining about problems and clamping down on bandwidth to try to maximize their revenue.
Like DeBeers and diamonds, it is actually a bandwidth glut, and the ISP's are creating an artificially high price for it by limiting supply.
It appears basically that they make a clock loop just long enought to get a clock skew of 360 degrees, and connect back to itself.
Now you can get any clock skew you want just by picking the clock off at the right place in the loop.So circuits with a skew requirement must be at just the right location along the ring.
I can see how this can be anadvantage in fast small circuits like an ADC.
How can this be any advantage on a complex circuit? It appears: 0. The clock loop will impose a lot of layout restrictions on the circuit. 1. you will need a tree of these loops just like a clock tree. 2. The IC has a fixed clock. So initial bringup must be done at maximum frequency. What a nightmare that might be.(Note that the only purpose for using this is to enable as high speed and little jitter as possible.) Does it imply a full layout change every time you try to up the clock frequency?
Notice that the Gartner group financial analyst calls it almost a "perpetuum mobile"
I am sure the excellent network engineers at Cisco that built the "Golden wall" for China can add features to their router to track this traffic.
So with the help of the good guys at Cisco, all these criminal elements that look for "freedom", "democracy" and other indecent material, China can put them in jail. Maybe even donate their organs.
www.extremetemperatureelectronics.com has a good tutorial on thermal failure of semiconductors. Her is a little extract:
However, at sufficiently high temperatures the electrical difference between the n and p regions disappears and the p-n junction becomes ineffective in controlling carrier movement. This comes about as follows: as the temperature increases, the increased thermal energy ionizes significant numbers of the semiconductor atoms themselves (for example the Si atoms) in addition to the dopant atoms. This contributes additional electrons and holes in the conduction and valence and bands and, more important, results in approximately equal numbers of carriers in each band, independent of the doping, resulting in a condition called intrinsic. Since there are orders of magnitude more semiconductor atoms than dopant atoms, the influence of the dopant is overwhelmed at a sufficiently high temperature. The result is that the p-n junction becomes merely a fancy resistor that no longer controls the carrier flow, and leakage currents in devices can become so large that operation is disrupted.
Thus, in principle the basic upper temperature limit of each semiconductor material is determined by its bandgap energy. A rule-of-thumb is that the maximum temperature (in K) is approximately 500 times the bandgap energy in eV. For Si this rule gives Tmax ~ 500 x 1.12 ~ 560 K ~ 290C. (Actually Si devices have been operated to about 500C as mentioned earlier in Tutorial #1.) However, there may be other limiting effects, such as decomposition of the semiconductor material, that take place below this predicted temperature limit.
The limit set by the semiconductor material has been realized in the laboratory for Si and GaAs, but not for other materials such as SiC. Outside the laboratory, in "real-world" applications, the basic upper temperature limit of a semiconductor material is seldom attained because of other limitations due to associated technology, to be described later.
Apple had slathered on
far too much thermal grease, he found that using a more modest amount dropped
his MacBook Pro's temperatures by [a few] degrees
Before: Running at 95 degrees Celcius, and
After: Running at 93(?) degrees Celcius
Is
this a real difference or just random variation? Having tested HW for many years, this
appears to be well within the random range.
How
can removing thermal grease
improve thermal conductivity?
I would certainly not open up a laptop to change this.
At any rate, what can happen? You may get some bit errors (Soft errors) at
125(?) degrees Celcius, but no damage to anything. Aluminum melts at over 700 degrees Celcius.
The company gives the spec for the 'Big' commecial version at 7kWh. The rate difference here in San Jose,CA is ($.31-.$17)kWh or $0.14/kWh, so the device can store $0.98 woth of electricity.
The battery is not likely to survive much more than 200 charge cycles, and even at 2000 recharge cycles the bill would only be reduced with $1960. Much less than the >$10000 price tag.
So, you waste money, and create quite a bit of pollution in the form of lead, a toxic heavy metal.
The new circuitry topology allows the
ILFD to divide by three as well as two.
This tiny change has huge
ramifications. A circuit design that can divide by two or three can, for
instance, divide 9,999 clock pulses by two, and the 10,000th by 3, giving an average
of 2.0001, which could be the frequency at which the cell phone is trying to
communicate. Should the phone need to communicate at 2.0002 gigahertz, the ILFD
could divide 9,998 clock pulses by two, and the 9,999th and 10,000th by three,
yielding an average of 2.0002. By varying how many clock pulses are divided by
two or by three, any frequency can be selected, making the power-saving ILFD
method viable for the first time.
What does this actually mean? To me
it sounds like the writer has no clue as to what they are writing about.
Can somebody please correct me here?
From the above, divide by 3 has little value. Divide by 4 would do just the same. Example: If you can vary how many clock
pulses are divided by 2 or 4 (i.e. 2x2), you can get any frequency you want. There is no need for divide by 3.
Divide by 3, however is useful in an oscillator for a totally different
reason:
If you can only divide by 2, then your frequency choices are
2,4,8,16 etc, while adding 3 as a factor gives you 2,3,4,6,8,9,10 etc.
This is outlined in detailed in a 4 year old article here:
p. 23: A wide band Modulo-3 ILFD
It states that in inverter based amplifier gives low power.
Let's assume the creationists are right, and that the creator built the earth in 7 days a few milennia ago.
Then the creator camuflaged this work to perfection: 1. Dinosuar bones 2. Carbon dating 3. Erosion and tektonic activites 4. DNA evolution
The allmighty obviously have _on-purpose_ misled us to find perfect support for evolution.
This must be for a reason.
Should we, his humble followers, try to reveal this perfect camuflage by shouting Creation?
I say _no_. The Creator have obviously done a perfect job hiding the evidence of creation, and planted false evidence for evolution to perfection.
He must obviously want us to conclude the evolution is the truth.
And even if we know better, who are we to try to find flaws in His effort to hide the nature of His creation.
It will at any rate be fruitless, for who think they can do better than the Allmighty, and find the evidence He has hidden to the ability of the Omnipotent?
As a creationist one therefore faithfully should document and support the beauty of the evolution, while quietly in your soul know the true nature of the universe.
So to the creationists I tell you: Abandon your blasphemic and arrogant ways. Preach Evolution!
As a software engineer, it is frustrating to see how hard it is for software companies to find a profitable business model.
I have actively tried to find work with companies where the core product is software. The reaon is simply that of opportunity. In a hospital, at an attorneys office etc, a software developer can never be the strong voice in corporate meetings. It is the attorney and physician respectively. The SW engineer can not advance to the top of the corporate ladder.
The closest I have found is engineering companes like Cisco where engineers are paid well. Although an engineering company, the focus here is still not software, but hardware.
Most High tech companies sell boxes and software is used by the sales department to land the deal. Often discounting it 100% at "no charge".
It is then hard to fight with the HW group for resources when you have little revenue to justify your departments existence.
We all love to hate Microsoft, but they are one of the few companies that have been successfull and profitable as a software company.
How should a company like Mandrake structure their business model so they can be consistently profitable, and not have to go through bankruptcies and tough layoffs?
I need to be able to have a well paying stable job so I can put my kids through college. Any solutions out there?
The new design
includes a quantum trick called the Zeno effect. Repeated measurements stop the
photon from entering the actual program, but allow its quantum nature to flirt with the program's components
I assume the flirting described her is done by the charm quarks.
A wifi access point radiates up to 15dBm or 15mW when it is
on. With a dutycyle of 10% that gives 1.5mW
So if your distance to the AP is 11 meters, exposure is 10^-4
mW/m^2.
Other electromagnetic radiation sources:
0) Big Bang: A good part of the big bang background
radiation is in the 2.4GHz or about 10^-4 mW/m^2 from
2GHz to 3GHz. Same exposure as access point. The
background radiation over the full spectrum is an order of magnitude higher.
1) Sun: 0.1mW (Same
as staying 1m away from the above
AP) (The sun radiates little at this wavelength. Total radiation hitting your
body is a few _kW_ or 2 million times more)
2) Typical leakage from uWave oven: 2W/m^2! This
is 20,000 times more.
So, just popping popcorn typically might give you 240J
exposure. If you want the same exposure
from your wifi card at 90% dutycyle try this:
Stick the antenna into
a bodily orifice and upload 34 DVDs.
Yes, it may take 10 hours. Downloading does not give your card a high
dutycyle, so it might take a week to get the same exposure as popping popcorn.
Slashdot Mirror
How much energy is there in a fuelled up vehicle:
Gas:
18 gallons of 95 octane LL:
-64.8 l
-46 kg
-51619 J/g
-2375 MJ
Li-ion:
400kg battery pack:
-3.6 V
-19500 Ah
-632 J/g
-253 MJ
Lead Acid:
400kg battery pack:
-12V
-1089Ah
-118 J/g
-47 MJ
So Li-ion has 1% the energy of gas, and Lead Acid 1/6 of that again. Internal combustion is inefficient, and polluting but the batteries lasts only 200 cycles under best circumstances.
They also claim to be 3 times as efficient as a Toyota preus, so lets say it is 6 times as efficient as average roadster today. Lets also assume you can get a *really* good deal on Li-ion battery.
Bottom line for the tesla car:
Size of tank: 1.5 gallons, and replace tank each year for $50,000.
And BTW: Lead acid: Size of tank: 0.25 gallons, and replace tank each year for $1000
accurate to 0.000000025ths of a second in 10 years... A more partical time-frame, which can be tested fairly easily.
So how do you actually test this?????...from the Heisenberg uncertainly principle:
The more precisely
the MOMENTUM is determined,
the less precisely
the POSITION is known
So this clock is unfortunately missing. And when it is found, it is not so accurate anymore.
The original press release from SGI is here: http://www.sgi.com/company_info/newsroom/press_rel eases/2006/may/speedo.html
Why does Roland Piquepaille always point to a copy of these pressreleases surrounded by a lot of ads.
It would take 5 seconds to find the original info.
Please mod up so this gets some visibility, and hopefully better submissions.
These pertubations are bigger than the escape velocity of the system. They would throw the "grain sized planet" out of orbit. Probably hitting the wall in the spaceship.
You would need a lot of complex calculation to compensate for "bouncing off wall of spaceship" every week.
The key question is: What is the ratio between signal and noise here? The article does not mention this at all except talking about lagrange points, solar wind, etc. I assume placing it at L2 is to get the S/N ratio >1.
This fails when considering some noise sources:
1. Accelleration felt by a "grain sized planet" due to a 5kg ball 10cm away is 1m/s/year.
2. Acceleration felt by same "planet" due to moon 1 million kilometers away: 130 times more
3. Accelleration felt due to spaceship: ?
4..? L2 orbit itself, light pressure, magnetic & other fields etc
This appears unfeasable by orders of magnitude.
I do not have much faith in statments like "Gravity leaks into other (higher) dimensions." Where does this come from? Efforts to make string theory models fit the real world?
In a similar test of bar flys, scientists cut off the legs at the knee (50%) of all guests at a local bar, and discovered that the guests on average only made it half way home.
The scientists in this case now speculate that the guests must be using a pedometer to find their way home.
Other news: 1001 (molybdenum) atom quantum computer beats Blue/Gene.
It actually:
- calculated in nanoseconds what blue Gene took days to do
- Fits here: "."
the $149 pc at fry's is a loss leader. I would gess that cost is around $180. And BTW, this is without a LCD display. It is however about the same as the $100(?) laptop:
:$6
motherboard+CPU $70
case+opower $20
kbd+mouse $10
FDD: $10
HDD: $25
memory: $12
LCD screen: $125
Assembly cost: $10
Shipping:$10
Other costs (Warranty etc)
Fry's cheap PC(exclude LCD): $183
Laptop:(Exclude HDD,FDD): $263
Nice and cute, but is this a $100 laptop?
I believe manufacturing will cost around $300 laptop.
The hope is to have it subsidized by donations so they can actually sell it for $100.
Unless I see a materials list with part cost that show they can manufacture it for $100, I will not believe it.
Does anyone have a cost breakdown of these models, or this this just hype?
I actually built it.
By "Cheap" I mean cost per port compared to revenue per port. It costs millions.
My 20Mb/s for *very* HD was just extrapolated from a DVD player. Turn on the bitrate display when playing DVDs, and the rate usually hoovers around 4Mb/s with good action.
_ 18398/eng/2AW_18398_1.pdf
Mpeg4 reduces this to 2Mb/s, and newer codecs like H.264/Mpeg-4 part 10 reduces this below 1Mb/s.
see http://www.tektronix.com/Measurement/App_Notes/2A
So 20Mb/s mpeg4 should be 20x the quality of a 4Mb/s mpeg2 stream (DVD quality).
First, the fiber network that was laid out during the .com boom globally by companies like global crossing currently contains a lot of dark fiber. So that part is cheap.
The capacity of a fiber is easily 10Gb/s per color times 125 colors or 1Tb/s, and a cable is easily 700 fibers, so a total of 1Eb/s. Order of magnitude less for ocean fibers.
*Very* HD is 20Mb/s, so a cable will handle 50 million channels.
Cisco's high end router handles up to 70Tb/s.
Lets take the olympics as a scenario:
You are broadcasting 500 concurrent HD channels at 20Mb/s each channel. This is 10Gb/s.
This fills less than 1% of one fiber in the cable.
Now, Every family member in the house watch their own event, so this is 100Mb/s
The Router handles 70Tb/s, so one router supports 700,000 households. So you need 1 router for Seattle, 1 for London etc.
The only clamp on this whole thing is all the ISP whining about problems and clamping down on bandwidth to try to maximize their revenue.
Like DeBeers and diamonds, it is actually a bandwidth glut, and the ISP's are creating an artificially high price for it by limiting supply.
It appears basically that they make a clock loop just long enought to get a clock skew of 360 degrees, and connect back to itself.
Now you can get any clock skew you want just by picking the clock off at the right place in the loop.So circuits with a skew requirement must be at just the right location along the ring.
I can see how this can be anadvantage in fast small circuits like an ADC.
How can this be any advantage on a complex circuit? It appears:
0. The clock loop will impose a lot of layout restrictions on the circuit.
1. you will need a tree of these loops just like a clock tree.
2. The IC has a fixed clock. So initial bringup must be done at maximum frequency. What a nightmare that might be.(Note that the only purpose for using this is to enable as high speed and little jitter as possible.) Does it imply a full layout change every time you try to up the clock frequency?
Notice that the Gartner group financial analyst calls it almost a "perpetuum mobile"
I am sure the excellent network engineers at Cisco that built the "Golden wall" for China can add features to their router to track this traffic.
So with the help of the good guys at Cisco, all these criminal elements that look for "freedom", "democracy" and other indecent material, China can put them in jail. Maybe even donate their organs.
www.extremetemperatureelectronics.com has a good tutorial on thermal failure of semiconductors. Her is a little extract: However, at sufficiently high temperatures the electrical difference between the n and p regions disappears and the p-n junction becomes ineffective in controlling carrier movement. This comes about as follows: as the temperature increases, the increased thermal energy ionizes significant numbers of the semiconductor atoms themselves (for example the Si atoms) in addition to the dopant atoms. This contributes additional electrons and holes in the conduction and valence and bands and, more important, results in approximately equal numbers of carriers in each band, independent of the doping, resulting in a condition called intrinsic. Since there are orders of magnitude more semiconductor atoms than dopant atoms, the influence of the dopant is overwhelmed at a sufficiently high temperature. The result is that the p-n junction becomes merely a fancy resistor that no longer controls the carrier flow, and leakage currents in devices can become so large that operation is disrupted. Thus, in principle the basic upper temperature limit of each semiconductor material is determined by its bandgap energy. A rule-of-thumb is that the maximum temperature (in K) is approximately 500 times the bandgap energy in eV. For Si this rule gives Tmax ~ 500 x 1.12 ~ 560 K ~ 290C. (Actually Si devices have been operated to about 500C as mentioned earlier in Tutorial #1.) However, there may be other limiting effects, such as decomposition of the semiconductor material, that take place below this predicted temperature limit. The limit set by the semiconductor material has been realized in the laboratory for Si and GaAs, but not for other materials such as SiC. Outside the laboratory, in "real-world" applications, the basic upper temperature limit of a semiconductor material is seldom attained because of other limitations due to associated technology, to be described later.
Apple had slathered on far too much thermal grease, he found that using a more modest amount dropped his MacBook Pro's temperatures by [a few] degrees
Before: Running at 95 degrees Celcius, and
After: Running at 93(?) degrees Celcius
I would certainly not open up a laptop to change this.
At any rate, what can happen? You may get some bit errors (Soft errors) at 125(?) degrees Celcius, but no damage to anything. Aluminum melts at over 700 degrees Celcius.
The company gives the spec for the 'Big' commecial version at 7kWh. The rate difference here in San Jose,CA is ($.31-.$17)kWh or $0.14/kWh, so the device can store $0.98 woth of electricity. The battery is not likely to survive much more than 200 charge cycles, and even at 2000 recharge cycles the bill would only be reduced with $1960. Much less than the >$10000 price tag. So, you waste money, and create quite a bit of pollution in the form of lead, a toxic heavy metal.
From the article:
The new circuitry topology allows the ILFD to divide by three as well as two.
This tiny change has huge ramifications. A circuit design that can divide by two or three can, for instance, divide 9,999 clock pulses by two, and the 10,000th by 3, giving an average of 2.0001, which could be the frequency at which the cell phone is trying to communicate. Should the phone need to communicate at 2.0002 gigahertz, the ILFD could divide 9,998 clock pulses by two, and the 9,999th and 10,000th by three, yielding an average of 2.0002. By varying how many clock pulses are divided by two or by three, any frequency can be selected, making the power-saving ILFD method viable for the first time.
What does this actually mean? To me it sounds like the writer has no clue as to what they are writing about.
Can somebody please correct me here?
From the above, divide by 3 has little value. Divide by 4 would do just the same. Example: If you can vary how many clock pulses are divided by 2 or 4 (i.e. 2x2), you can get any frequency you want. There is no need for divide by 3.
Divide by 3, however is useful in an oscillator for a totally different reason:
If you can only divide by 2, then your frequency choices are 2,4,8,16 etc, while adding 3 as a factor gives you 2,3,4,6,8,9,10 etc.
This is outlined in detailed in a 4 year old article here:
p. 23: A wide band Modulo-3 ILFD
It states that in inverter based amplifier gives low power.
Hui's chip is described here. (By Hui)
Please give me feedback on this.
here is Google's link to the same article in 292 newspapers that do not require a subscription.
Let's assume the creationists are right, and that the creator built the earth in 7 days a few milennia ago.
Then the creator camuflaged this work to perfection:
1. Dinosuar bones
2. Carbon dating
3. Erosion and tektonic activites
4. DNA evolution
The allmighty obviously have _on-purpose_ misled us to find perfect support for evolution.
This must be for a reason.
Should we, his humble followers, try to reveal this perfect camuflage by shouting Creation?
I say _no_. The Creator have obviously done a perfect job hiding the evidence of creation, and planted false evidence for evolution to perfection.
He must obviously want us to conclude the evolution is the truth.
And even if we know better, who are we to try to find flaws in His effort to hide the nature of His creation.
It will at any rate be fruitless, for who think they can do better than the Allmighty, and find the evidence He has hidden to the ability of the Omnipotent?
As a creationist one therefore faithfully should document and support the beauty of the evolution, while quietly in your soul know the true nature of the universe.
So to the creationists I tell you: Abandon your blasphemic and arrogant ways. Preach Evolution!
As a software engineer, it is frustrating to see how hard it is for software companies to find a profitable business model.
I have actively tried to find work with companies where the core product is software. The reaon is simply that of opportunity. In a hospital, at an attorneys office etc, a software developer can never be the strong voice in corporate meetings. It is the attorney and physician respectively. The SW engineer can not advance to the top of the corporate ladder.
The closest I have found is engineering companes like Cisco where engineers are paid well. Although an engineering company, the focus here is still not software, but hardware.
Most High tech companies sell boxes and software is used by the sales department to land the deal. Often discounting it 100% at "no charge".
It is then hard to fight with the HW group for resources when you have little revenue to justify your departments existence.
We all love to hate Microsoft, but they are one of the few companies that have been successfull and profitable as a software company.
How should a company like Mandrake structure their business model so they can be consistently profitable, and not have to go through bankruptcies and tough layoffs?
I need to be able to have a well paying stable job so I can put my kids through college. Any solutions out there?
Who decides this is some sort of record??
3.6x10^9 F is about 2x10^9Celsius or 17keV (kilo electron Volt)
My Sony 32" color TV produces 25keV electrons in the tube. (Not as many particles or as high pressure as Sandia, but certainly hotter.
Most particle accelerator are more powerful than a TV and procduces particles from 100 GeV to over 1 TeV=10^12eV.
This is 10 million times warmer.
From the article:
The new design includes a quantum trick called the Zeno effect. Repeated measurements stop the photon from entering the actual program, but allow its quantum nature to flirt with the program's components
I assume the flirting described her is done by the charm quarks.
A wifi access point radiates up to 15dBm or 15mW when it is on. With a dutycyle of 10% that gives 1.5mW
So if your distance to the AP is 11 meters, exposure is 10^-4 mW/m^2.
Other electromagnetic radiation sources:
0) Big Bang: A good part of the big bang background radiation is in the 2.4GHz or about 10^-4 mW/m^2 from 2GHz to 3GHz. Same exposure as access point. The background radiation over the full spectrum is an order of magnitude higher.
1) Sun: 0.1mW (Same as staying 1m away from the above AP) (The sun radiates little at this wavelength. Total radiation hitting your body is a few _kW_ or 2 million times more)
2) Typical leakage from uWave oven: 2W/m^2! This is 20,000 times more.
So, just popping popcorn typically might give you 240J exposure. If you want the same exposure from your wifi card at 90% dutycyle try this:
Stick the antenna into a bodily orifice and upload 34 DVDs. Yes, it may take 10 hours. Downloading does not give your card a high dutycyle, so it might take a week to get the same exposure as popping popcorn.
Have fun.