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IEEE Standards Board Passes 802.16a
papason writes "Welcome the birth of the IEEE's first wireless MAN standard for broadband wireless access in bands ranging from 2GHz to 11GHz. Yes, the same group that brought you 802.11b has brought you a real
broadband wireless access standard. See wirelessman.org for more details."
se.cx
you know you want it, at least i think you know you want it!!!!!!!!!
... but better writing, reading, and it covers BSD, Linux, OS X, Solaris, and more.
- link -
wow, 2 fps in one day? amazing... -1 offtopic
When will that wireless WOMAN standard come out?
Will this increse the range and quality/speed of the wireless internet then?
Ok that's grand and all. But what is it?
fp?
First Post???
Measure once, cut twice
I use a wireless ISP at home as it is my only form of broadband. From my perspective, wireless is great! I've loved it since day one. It kicks the crap out of satellite.. I can actually play games now with a decent ping!
.
:(
But the problem is, my ISP is cheap. 100% stingy. All of the some 200 people who use this little local service are shoved onto a single IP. Yep. My IP is used by 200 people. That's so much fun when some stupid kid using my internet service gets everyone IP banned from some service.
Furthermore, when some fool decides to put his entire hard drive out for grabs on Kazaa, everyone on the network suffers. Our service is subject to frequent bottlenecks and complete downages regularly
My ISP hasn't given a crap about the standards for years and I don't see that changing anytime soon.
You're right, I wouldn't steal a car. But if it were possible, I sure as hell would download one!
I am WirelessMAN! Dada dada dada da, da da da!
Here is a story detailing a potential clash between 802.11[ab] and the new .16 standard. Interesting stuff.
Is You Don't Talk About Fat Club.
the subject says it all.
Comment removed based on user account deletion
... gets two-hundred bucks, and moves onto 802.16b ...
Reply or e-mail; don't vaguely moderate. Ex-O'Reilly/MIT employee, now a full-time Google employee.
..how about affordable and easily obtainable access at the lesser standards we've had for years!
From the site:NEW! IEEE 802.16a approved as IEEE standard on 29 January 2002! [emphasis mine]
I do so hope that is a typo.. or this isnt really news... on the assumption that this is new, and that is supposed to be 2003, what does this mean for mobile users? I assume, due to the higher frequencies used that all new antennae are needed, but at what sort of cost?
I'm a little tea pot.
I thought Apple was going to go ahead with it's own 802.nnx standard in it's devices(I don't remember which one but it was on /. few days ago) ....
/.,
Gosh, makes it hard to decide which technology to buy for home networks. You could be outdated in no time if they decide to discard backward compatibility at some point of time...
Also on
Got milk?
We DON'T need no stinkin standards!
YOU would be wireless. But KGB still knew where you lived.
Hear me out, this isn't some troll or whatever. Sure, I appreciate wireless and all that jazz, but the IEEE takes advantage of its monopoly on electrical and computer standards.
Back when I was an undergrad (U of Co, BSEE) but had completed a design of a new Radio transposer technology which I had done for an obscure (then not NOW!) broadcast manufacturer. I wrote and submitted a paper to the IEEE Broadcast Society detailing the new approaches in transposer design including some (such as phase locked upconversion) which have since been patented and used widely in the field.
To my surprise my paper was accepted for presentation to the annual Symposium held in Wash. DC. However when I arrived for the symposium I discovered that my presentation was cancelled and replaced with some highly credentialled author who was to talk about the "social impact" of the media. Confronting the review commitee about this I was that there were to many(!) hard technical papers and that this new author can give us a perspective from outside our field. Besides, they said, he is a distinguished professor from Harvard (or Yale, I forgot) and you are just a college student.
I hung around to see what this new paper was about. Unfortunately for the author, he passed out his paper to the audience prior to his presentation. Apparently he had only submitted
an abstract which was full of the obfuscating politically correct terminology of the time. Well it turns out this guy was some right-wing kook who was blaming the jews in the media etc. Of course all his "credentials" were fake and nobody checked up on them.
The sponsors immediately cancelled his presentation and asked me to present my paper. You can imagine what my response was. Needless to say I resigned my membership in the IEEE.
Reply or e-mail; don't vaguely moderate. Ex-O'Reilly/MIT employee, now a full-time Google employee.
All I can find in that article is them beating to death that it uses a wider frequency band than the existing standards (which is a good thing as the other wireless connectivity standards i feel will saturate the frequency bands quickly). I may have missed it in the artice (and I apologize if i did), but have they released bandwidth figures yet?
today is spelling optional day.
this is all well and good, but what i really want to know is if this would give wireless the power to have communities start migrating to that type of connection. and, if not, when is that gonna be, cause that would be pretty slick..
xao
xao
http://TheHillforum.hopto.org
I've got $40 per month that says this never comes to anything ;-)
So does Anonymous Coward have good karma?
wireless MAN standard
How sexist! Haven't they heard about politically correct computing?!?
--
http://nemilar.net - Not your grandmother's soup kitchen
I saw it said "T1 or greater", so thats 1.5Mbit, and there was some other stuff saying up to 2Mbit. So, if thats all it can handle then that sucks. Sure, greater area is awesome, but we need something extremely fast and extremely directional in a more residential market so we can get a free wireless backbone that can have hot spots on the ends. I see a day where we no longer have ISPs, we are just all connected to each other in a huge mesh.
w00t, man... w00t.
-Bill
-Bill
So all I know is what steve jobs tells me. And jobs said at mac world that the A standard was dead beacuse it was not backward compatible and G was backward compatible with B (and just as speedy as A). Apparently MS and the INtel gang are going with A (e.g. the smart screens use it). So can anyone explain this to me. What is the merit of A over G. Also do A or G do anything to address weak WEP security?
Some drink at the fountain of knowledge. Others just gargle.
Just saw this story,
This guy has been vacationing in 6 countries labelled as axis of evil trying to study them and promote some goodies like wireless (not sure if it is true).
It is an interesting perspective. Here it is (read till the end):
Promoting wireless during holidays
"Sic Semper Tyrannosaurus Rex."
Does this mean that it is 60% more of a homeland security threat?
.sig: No such file or directory
Windows isn't a virus, viruses do something.
Double your drive-space: delete Windows!
Unix for stability. Macs for productivity. Windows for solitaire.
Difference between a virus and windows ? Viruses rarely fail
Have you crashed your Windows today ?
Unix is user friendly - it's just picky about it's friends.
The guys at IEEE had a bet that this story will be accepted on
From the IEEE webpage - "Welcome the birth of the IEEE's first wireless MAN standard for broadband wireless access...",
All IEEE standards shall be updated within five years of the date of
>publication. If the standard is not revised, reaffirmed, or withdrawn
>within five years, the Sponsor will be notified that it will be submitted
>to the Standards Board for administrative withdrawal.
Someone got CowboyNeal again !! /.4 415
This story was a joke meant to be posted on
Here - http://slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=52386&cid=519
By the way, Is CowboyNeal from Texas too like CowboyBush ??
According to this site, the speed of "IEEE 801.16.1 is intended to support individual channel data rates of from 2M to 155M bit/sec."
post you're replying to now.
Now if only my laptop keyboard woked better.
Oh wel, back do downloading pr0n...
Just a little humor for nerds (everyone needs a break afterall):
A man and his wife go to the site of their honeymoon for their 25th anniversary. As the couple is reflecting on that magical evening 25 years ago, the wife asks the husband, "When you first saw my naked body in front of you, what was going through your mind?"
The husband replies, "All I wanted to do was fuck your brains out and suck your tits dry."
"What are you thinking now?" the wife asks as she undresses.
The husband quickly replies: "It looks like I did a pretty good job."
A man and his wife are in the shower together when the doorbell rings. The wife puts on a robe and goes down to answer the door.
In walks her husband's friend Ben. The woman tells him her husband's in the shower and asks if he can come back later. Instead, Ben steps in and quietly says, "I have $400 in my pocket. I'll give it to you if you'll open your bathrobe for me." She's offended, but really needs the money so she agrees, opens her robe, and lets Ben have a quick peek before doing it up again. Ben gives her the $400, and she opens the door for him to leave, but he says, "I have another $400 in my other pocket. I'll give it to you if you let me touch your breasts." Now she's really mortified, but again, she needs the money, so she undoes her robe and lets him have a quick feel. Taking the other $400 from him, she lets him out the door.
Going back upstairs, she gets back in the shower with her husband, feeling a little bit guilty.
"Who was that?" the husband asks.
"Oh, that was just Ben," the wife answers.
"Ben?" the husband says. "That son of a bitch owes me 800 bucks!"
Country Style
A city slicker shoots a duck out in the country. As he's retrieving it, a farmer walks up and stops him, claiming that since the duck is on his farm, it technically belongs to him. After minutes of arguing, the farmer proposes they settle the matter "country style."
"What's country style?" asks the city boy.
"Out here in the country," the farmer says, "when two fellers have a dispute, one feller kicks the other one in the balls as hard as he can. Then that feller, why, he kicks the first one as hard as he can. And so forth. Last man standin' wins the dispute."
Warily the city boy agrees and prepares himself. The farmer hauls off and kicks him in the groin with all his might. The city boy falls to the ground in the most intense pain he's ever felt, crying like a baby and coughing up blood. Finally he staggers to his feet and says, "All right, n-now it's-it's m-my turn."
The farmer grins. "Aw, hell, you win. Keep the duck."
Well the first network Denial of service will probaly be called VIAGRA.
you ain't driving Miss motherfucking Daisy, nigger! Just roll, nigger, shit! Man, I get tired of rolling with your slow ass, nigger, just roll, man! ... Some nice ass, oh, look at some bitches right there, oh, hell, yeah! Nigger, let's roll. It's on, motherfucker, yeah, nigger. Damn, I just can't wait, man, nigger horny as a motherfucker, man, dick all hard, nigger, i'm ready to fuck, nigger, straight up, nigger! I'm ready to get my groove motherfucking on, you hear me, nigger?
After all, we don't want a Wide Open Metro Open Network (WOMAN) screwing everything up for us! ;)
Check this out from same post too:4 319
http://slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=52386&cid=519
Is there anything more erotic, more satisfying, more - mere words fail me - than going down on a woman, eating hair pie, giving her head, having a box lunch, performing oral sex, eating her out, etc.? I think not.
What is more the essence of sex than a woman's vagina? The source of her pleasure, home of the clitoris, center of her sexual universe? Nothing, in my opinion.
All roads lead to the vagina, do they not? Look at a lovely woman. On the street, in the mall, at work - anywhere. Her abundant hair, alluring eyes, soft full lips. Follow down the curve of her neck, the swell of her breasts, the strength of her stomach. When you hit the center of her body, right between her beautiful legs, you've hit the center of her being.
Or start with her delicate feet. Strong enough to carry her for a lifetime, yet supple enough to massage and fondle. Also, by the way, often cold enough to freeze whatever they touch under the blankets! Move your eyes up those shapely calves to the curve of her thighs and roundness of her tush, and there it is again, the Bermuda Triangle, mysterious and unknown.
Well yes, as you may have noticed, I'm a man who loves vagina. Loves the way it looks, the way it smells and tastes, and most especially when treated right, the joy it gives a woman. Naturally, you don't have to be a man to feel this way and that's cool, too - very cool, judging by the adult video and film industry.
When you hold a woman's legs apart and use your tongue and talents correctly, you may become a very popular lover indeed. Songs may be written about you. Statues erected of your likeness. College dorms named after you. At the very least, you'll have very few lonely nights. As one of the lovely gals in "Sex and the City' once opined, "If a man can do that well, he doesn't need to do anything else." How true it is.
If there's a girl who doesn't love having her pussy showered with affection, I haven't met her. And if you're new to this form of intense pleasure, if you want to be a better lover and realize there's no manual, I believe I can help.
Now, for those of you of don't know a vulva from a Volvo, a clitoral hood from an oven hood, let's start with a quick and simple anatomy lesson, so we're all on the same page when it comes to descriptions. By the way, I prefer to call the area the pussy, as I do in my stories. It's kind of erotic, I think, where cunt is too harsh and vagina is too clinical. Plus, gash, slit, love tunnel, etc. are too cute and can get confusing.
The entire outside of the vagina is called the vulva. The large, soft outside lips are the labia majora, while the inside, thinner and more delicate lips are called the labia minora. High up on top, inside the inner lips is the clitoral hood, which when lifted reveals the clitoris itself, which can actually swell and become somewhat erect when stimulated. The small opening right below the clitoris is the urethra, where urine comes out. Below the urethra of course is the larger opening of the vagina. Between the vagina and the anus is the perineum, called the 'taint' in slang ('taint the asshole, taint the vagina.') Got all that? Good, let's get to it.
There are many forms which can work with this type of article; Q & A, Do's and Don'ts,Pros and Cons. I've ruled out Q & A because I'm not sure which Qs you'd A. As for pros and cons, there are no cons to oral sex, so that's out. Let's try Do's and Don'ts. If you do, however, have any Qs, just email me, I'll be happy to A to the best of my knowledge.
Also I must advise you, I'm not a doctor or sex practitioner. If you happen to meet a doctor that loves licking pussy as much as I do, and has done as much of it, feel free to listen to their advice instead of mine. Of course, it may cost you $100 for every 15 minutes, while I'm free (And here I was thinking that I was just cheap.) Plus, I've been to the doctor many times, never discussed eating pussy - not once. What do we pay them for, anyway? And with that, away we go...
Do understand, please, that every person on the planet is different. One woman's honey may be another's poison, or something like that. Instructions are fine, but we're not assembling a bicycle here. There's more than one way to do it. In fact, there are many, many ways, some of which I'm sure that I'm not aware of yet (though I do try so hard to stay current.) As they say, communication is the key, baby. If she likes what you're doing, or even loves it, keep it up. If she doesn't like your technique, all is not lost. Just dial it down a notch perhaps, begin with the basics as I will explain them. If the challenge, however, is that she wants you to be wilder, crazier, more intense, please call me immediately, I'll be right over to help. **
** 24 hour service only available in New Jersey - sorry.
Don't rush to the vagina as soon as you're both aroused enough to undress. Take your time, oh impatient one, it will be worth the wait and increase her arousal tenfold. Start with her neck and shoulders. Caress, kiss and lick your way down her chest, lingering on her breasts. I can not overstate how sensitive a woman's nipples are. When you circle her aureoles with your lips or fingers, then lightly (or not so lightly, depending on her) squeeze her nipples, she'll likely feel the vibration right down to her buzzing pussy.
Not too long on those nipples, though - she may get sensitive quickly and you don't want to make her squirm -yet. Kiss the soft insides of her thighs, her calves, even her feet. By the time you get down to the vagina itself, she should be primed and aching for your tongue.
Do take your time and by all means, enjoy yourself down there. It's what you've been dreaming about, right? Savor the sight, the smell, and the glory of it all. Kiss it, caress it, rub your thumbs all over the soft folds of beautiful flesh. Are you getting the picture? This is no time to rush, you're not eating an ice pop here. It's not going to melt. Be slow and thorough. Trust me - she'll appreciate it.
Don't go right for the kill by starting off licking her clit. Men are results oriented, I know, and want to make her cum fast. But it's not all about the orgasm, it's about the journey. So slow down. Lick her outside and inside pussy lips first, with broad, flat strokes of your tongue. Lick around the inside of her vagina and, if you like, use your stiffened tongue like a mini penis, sticking it in and out of the hole. Lick around the bottom of her pussy and her perineum. If she's comfortable having her asshole licked, (bless her heart) which is called rimming, then by all means do so as long as you're comfortable as well. Many men and women find this highly erotic, and I'm one of them. Even if she's never had it done before, ask her if she'll just give it a try. Hopefully she's open-minded and will let you. You may send her to heaven this way. Now, when all this prep work (you call this work?) is done, move your tongue up to the clit and even when you get there, toy with it. Lick around the clit in circles, lick over the top, around the bottom - all before you really get down to business, which is sucking her clit into you mouth and licking it fast with the tip of your tongue until she cums.
Do play with her anus - again, providing she's cool with it, which hopefully she is. It works like this: While your tongue is dancing on her clit, rub some of her juices around her little hole (cute name, huh?) This double stimulation is very arousing to her, and she's concentrating on your tongue so much that your finger doesn't matter, it just feels good. As she gets closer to climax, continue to rub around it until she's breathing heavily...getting very close. Now - stick your finger in the little hole just a bit, as far as the first digit perhaps, no more. In my experience, there's a very good chance that this will set her orgasm off like a time bomb, bucking her hips like they were on fire. Yes, the feeling of your finger in her ass will make her cum much harder - you'll see.
Don't neglect her nipples either. With your tongue on her clit, reach up, over, whatever, and gently hold her breasts. As she gets closer, circle her aureoles lightly, as I mentioned earlier. But this time, as her breathing and body language announce her impending orgasm, squeeze her nipples. Believe me, some ladies will save you the trouble and do it themselves. They know the secret, that this extra stimulation will break the bank, sending them crashing into climax at warp speed. Her moans and cries will prove me right.
Do try different positions. They keep things from getting stale as a result of repetition. If you, as a lover, always keep her guessing what's next, what's new and what's different, you'll always be at the top of her hit list. She'll always look forward to making love to you. If you like the standard position, on your stomach while she lies on her back with legs spread, that's fine. I like it too. I had a girlfriend who lived for this position. She tensed her legs so tight when she came she nearly cracked my head like a walnut. And I loved every minute of it. But try this: You're lying on your back while she straddles your face, essentially the "sit on my face" position. It enables her to grind her pussy into your face as hard as she likes, which is always a treat. It also lets you easily reach up and play with her breasts. Holding hands is nice and tender, too, if you're into that. Another favorite of mine is eating her from behind while she's on all fours in the doggie position. And here's a great one: she's sitting in a chair while you kneel in front of her, happily lapping her juices. She can keep her legs spread with her feet on the floor, or place them over your shoulders. Standing up works, too, with you under her spread legs. Careful, she may go wobbly in the knees when she comes.
Don't think I forgot about the 69 position. I think it's fabulous, with one drawback. Certainly, the more aroused you get, the more feeling and passion you'll put into your end of the bargain. But the closer you get to orgasm, either you or she will lose your concentration while you focus on how good it feels to you. Not always, I've known at least one girl who would keep giving me outrageous head right through her orgasm. And you can be sure I'm licking like a madman when I'm cumming. It's just great to put all your energy into pleasing her, isn't it?
Do hum. It means more than you enjoying your efforts. When you hold her clit in your lips and hum, it works like a small vibrator, which is exactly what it is. The vibrations will spread from her clit to all areas, and make her tingle like a tuning fork. It may seem odd at first, but not when she feels it. You hum, she'll sing.
When she's about to cum, you know you're doing the right thing. So don't change your approach just as she's gonna blow. If you're sucking on her clit and she's squirming and shaking, her breath coming in gasps, don't suddenly switch to licking her clit with broad strokes. You'll kill the flow. If she's just about there...just keep doing what you're doing until she cums. Variety is great, but when you're about to score a touchdown, don't change the play. Gee, you think they discuss this in locker room pep talks?
Her clit, which you know by now is like a mini penis, is the center of her universe. So make sure that you do get the best access you can to it. How? By pulling the clitoral hood out of the way. To some degree, the clitoral hood, which protects her clit like an umbrella protects you from the rain, will move out of the way on its own. But not all the way. Therefore, take your thumb and from the top of the hood, pull up so that her lovely little clit is fully exposed. Do it in the light at first, so you can see what its like when you're in a dark bedroom, closet, prison cell, basement...you know, the usual places.
Above all, do go for it! If you remember just one thing, it's to lick, fondle and suck your way to her heart. There's no downside to giving her oral sex. No taboo, no mystery. If you want to be considered a good lover, it's got to be in your repertoire. You'll love it, believe me, just love it.
What Intel is saying:
IEEE 802.16 spec could disrupt wireless landscape
I seriously doubt if this is going to use unlicensed spectrum like 802.11. You just can't move that amount of data over that much distance with those little 15 milliwatt(?) transmitters that 802.11 uses. And you can't have thousands of the things active in a city at the same time without clobbering each other.
So expect yet more monopolies given to whichever corporate greedheads have the best political connections, just like in radio and TV broadcasting. Sigh.
Full Text:
IEEE 802.16 spec could disrupt wireless landscape
By Loring Wirbel and Patrick Mannion
EE Times
January 30, 2003 (7:06 p.m. EST)
COLORADO SPRINGS, Colo. -- The IEEE Standards Authority on Wednesday (Jan. 29) approved the 802.16a specification for wireless metropolitan-area networks (MANs) in the 2- to 11-GHz range, giving a seal of approval to technology that one executive said could enable a disruptive change in communications.
Roger Marks, chairman of the 802.16 committee and a wireless director at the National Institute of Standards and Technology's labs in Boulder, Colo., said industry discussions are inevitable as to whether 802.11 and 802.16 wireless specs are complementary or whether they overlap.
In an ideal world, Marks said, 802.16a can serve as a backbone for 802.11 hot-spots. Still, some wireless LAN advocates promote 802.11's use as a MAN, even though its medium-access control protocol is fundamentally optimized for shorter-range topologies. At the same time, Marks said, others have talked of using 802.16a within the enterprise as an adjunct to 802.11a or 802.11g. If the 802.11e working group has trouble providing true quality-of-service prioritization for wireless LANs, then it might make sense to take 802.16a directly to an end user, Marks said. Otherwise, "it's more efficient and more cost-effective to look for the ways 802.11 and 802.16 complement each other."
The 802.16 MAN, which won approval in 1999 as its own study group in IEEE, has suffered and benefited from both the telecom collapse and the belated craze over WLANs. In its early days, the wireless MAN work was centered on licensed services in higher frequency bands, though this work has been swamped by lower-frequency efforts that come closer to bridging wireless LAN services into the metro area.
The 802.16a standard specifies three physical layers for services: a single-carrier access method which was retained for special-purpose networks; a 256-carrier orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM) multicarrier for mainstream applications; and a special "OFDMa" standard with 2,048 carriers, which can be used for selective multicast applications, and advanced multiplexing options in tiered metro networks.
The 802.16 Task Group C on interoperability for 10- to 66-GHz frequency ranges still is proceeding with useful work for higher-frequency services evolving from LMDS and point-to-point 50- to 60-GHz radio. Compliance and test documents for 802.16c were published in April 2002, and implementation profiles were published in mid-January. But the task group with the heaviest participation right now is 802.16e, which seeks to add some level of mobility to wireless MANs.
Defined interests
When outsiders hear of such mobility goals, many assume that 802.16e is going after any broadband wireless metro market that might have been served by nascent 3G cellular services. In reality, Marks said, the task group has no interest in high-speed handoff in an automotive environment. Instead, 802.16e specs are aimed at the slow-speed, lightly mobile user who wants to maintain some level of roaming within metro access points. The task group hopes to have a first draft of mobility completed in July.
Wireless MANs now are supported by a coalition named the WiMax Forum, which develops interoperability tests based on the profiles developed by the 802.16 task groups. As important as the forum, however, has been public statements from Intel Corp. and other vendors saying they expect 802.16 to be every bit as revolutionary as 802.11.
The 802.16 effort got a major boost at the Wireless Communications Assoc. conference in San Jose in mid January. There, Sriram Viswanathan director of Intel Capital's Broadband and Wireless Networking Investments group, declared during his keynote that "802.11 is the first key disruption. 802.16 is the next." And he should know. He manages Intel's worldwide broadband and wireless networking investments where his team has made more than 40 equity investments, including the recently formed Cometa, as well as broadband wireless leader Navini.
Viswanathan stands by his words today, arguing that in areas where no wired infrastructure is in place, 802.16 is "a viable last-mile solution. And for WLAN hotspots, 802.16 is appropriate for backhaul." Viswanathan identifies backhaul as a major hurdle to the widespread deployment of WLANs in the public.
Intel backed up Viswanathan's words by leading the Wi-Max forum, a similar-style group to the Wi-Fi Alliance. "We believe that all [the fixed wireless access companies] will be standardized and get universally adopted, and 802.16 is a step towards this." Intel's ultimate vision was spelled out at Viswanathan's keynote when he said that "All communications devices will compute, all computing devices will communicate."
Sriram did not point to any direct Intel involvement in product development for 802.16. However, along with its current investment in Navini, it will continue to actively search out companies "that show the ability to bring down the cost of 802.16 technology and get it deployed."
Sweet harmony
The debate over 802.11 versus 802.16 gets an added twist thanks to the inclusion within the newly ratified standard that provides for harmonization with the still-alive European-based HiperLAN-2 5-GHz WLAN standard.
The push for harmonization was led by Alvarion Ltd., a well- entrenched provider of proprietary fixed wireless access equipment. "We're a strong believer in standards," said chief evangelist at Alvarion, Patrick Leary, "having led the standardization of 802.11a for two years."
The ratification of the original 802.11b specification and the subsequent formation of the Wireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance (now the Wi-Fi Alliance) interoperability group, was the driver behind the success that standard is currently enjoying.
"We fully intend to move our [proprietary] equipment over to 802.16, starting with the BreezeAccess5 which was designed from the ground up to be migratable toward the standard [when it became finalized]," said Leary. The BreezeAccess 5 uses OFDM in the 5-GHz band.
However, Leary did express disappointment that the standards group did not go along with Alvarion's push for more subcarriers in the OFDM physical-layer implementation, which according to Leary, would've provided an extra 6 dB in signal-to-noise ratio. "This would've led to larger cell sizes, but it didn't get through."
I think he stole it from here:
Stuff for nerds, knowledge that matters
subscribers send and recieve at speeds of 2Mbit to 155Mbit / second.
bands between 10-66Ghz with mesh topology capabilities, also recently amended for a 2-11Ghz band range as well.
support for QoS in devices, and also support for traffic shaping to improve web browsing experience while higher band protocals are being used.
--
basically, 802.16a is capable of 155Mbit ul/dl speeds in a zone, and use of directional antenea and focused areas allow degree zones to be set up allowing 155MBit/sec in as little as 2degree arc from antenea or better with better equipment. you could conceivably cover a circular area with ~27900MBit/sec agregate bandwidth.
--
please note that this info is from grouper.ieee.org and put into my own unorganized words, please read the docs for more precise info.
I'm a man
I'll be the judge of that.
± 29 dB
Just to clear a few things up...
Should our latest acronym WMAN (Wireless Metropolitan Area Network) be pronounced 'woman'? So if someone asks me about my administration experiance, should I brag about how many women I've designed, configured, upgraded, and troubleshot over the years? Sounds like grounds for a certification in network pimping.
All Muslims are terrorists.
Sincerely,
American
Could somebody please explain what this standard does, who will use it, etc., in less technical words, please?
When they were passing out the brains? Didn't you notice the part where he said this ISP is the only game in town? Try reading the ENTIRE comment asswipe.
i'm feelin dat.
Q. Did you hear the one about the nigger and the large text file?
A. He didn't bzip2 it!
the best slashdot post I've ever seen. It just hits me with such a barrage of filth it's hilarious.
Here you go:8 r1.pd f
http://www.ieee802.org/16/docs/01/80216-01_5
About the speed, they state (page 20) that with a 28Mhz frequency range, you can put up to 132 Mbps of data. Of course, it also depends on the distance from the base station.
Not sure this is what is in their IEEE approved draft but I suppose it hasn't changed.
I'm no expert but I like it. If a manufacturer would quickly get some products out, it would be awesome. We can choose the frequency, the frequency range and provide wireless at speeds way beyond 802.11a/g.
"From my perspective, wireless is great! I've loved it since day one. It kicks the crap out of satellite.. I can actually play games now with a decent ping!". ...
"Our service is subject to frequent bottlenecks and complete downages regularly "
Umm... need I say more??? What is wrong with moderators who mod this up to +5 Interesting?? The only thing interesting about it is the double standard and the complete stupidity of this statement.
Go ahead mod me -1 troll I care not. Who said life is fair?! This guy got +5 for these ridiculous comments, I may as well get -5 for pointing it out.
THE MAGIC WORDS ARE SQUEAMISH OSSIFRAGE
On the IEEE page there is a good overview document (zipped PDF).
It covers the basics, such as:
Bandwidth: Up to 134Mbps
Hub Radius: A few kilometers
Line of sight propogation
¥ Compared to a Wireless LAN:
--Multimedia QoS, not only contention-based
--Many more users Many more users
--Much higher data rates Much higher data rates
--Much longer Much longer distances
802.16 MAC: Overview
¥ Point-to-Multipoint Point-to-Multipoint
¥ Metropolitan Area Network Metropolitan Area Network
¥ Connection-oriented Connection-oriented
¥ Supports difficult user environments Supports difficult user environments
--High bandwidth, hundreds of users per channel
--Continuous and burst traffic
--Very efficient use of spectrum
¥ Protocol-Independent core (ATM, IP, Ethernet, ) ¥ Balances between stability of Balances between stability of contentionless contentionless and
efficiency of contention-based operation
¥ Flexible QoS offerings Flexible QoS offerings
--CBR, CBR, rt rt-VBR, -VBR, nrt nrt-VBR, BE, with granularity within classes
¥ Supports multiple 802.16
you may not further copy, prepare, and/or distribute copies of this Documen,t or derivative works based on this Document, in any form, without prior written permission from the IEEE.
Does the IEEE really mean that I can't hold onto a copy of their PDF and give it to my friends? While it's great to be able to refrence the site and the latest revisions, it sucks to be at the mercy of the organization and the goodwill of the sponsors to keep the site running. What am I supposed to do, delete my copy until my friend brings his copy back?
Kudos to the members for hashing out the standard. I'm looking forward to more like it.
Friends don't help friends install M$ junk.
Well, it would give some geeks a chance to say that they've hopped on a "woman" without lying through through their teeth....
Although I worry about the definition of a "woman" being simply a "wireless man" - "a man without wires". I don't know what's worse: the implication that, as a man, I'm bound by wires... or the one that, whenever I use my wireless connection, I'm a woman?
Not that 54M / 72M is not cool, but what's up with the 5GHz band? It might be that these guys did not realize there are countries out there that does not have an ISM band at 5GHz?
.11a is completely out of question - 5GHz is not even an ISM band in japan, along with a slew of other countries. When they get this mess worked out, I will consider it - but that does not seem to be anytime soon.
2.4GHz is about as universal as you can get as far as ISM band is concerned - but you still run into trouble. In the US, say, 2.400-2.465 or somesuch is the ISM band. In Japan it is 2.450-2.900 (or 2.83, I can't remember).
That's not a lot of overlap people! That's exactly why I am staying away from D-Link cards right now - only goes up 2.465GHz, which means that I have to operate out of a 15MHz band when I am in Japan. Considering that 2.400-2.450 is used by the military last I checked, I have no intention of jumping this border.
Similarly,
My life in the land of the rising sun.
that shows that all of this new wireless stuff causes cancer? (ala cell-phones, high-voltage power lines, etc...)
Would somebody with some technical know-how please, pretty please with Laetitia Casta on top, please set up some kind of broadband wireless for Boston's North End. Right now we got nuthin'!
No DSL (sorry, that fancy fiber cable that replaced your old telephone lines doesn't work with copper-based DSL), no Cable modem (sorry, we here at AT&T are working hard to solve your problems, but have to roll back the date of AT&T Broadband to your area because we've overextended ourselves), and no 802.11b (sorry, no line of sight at all).
It looks like this new standard could be just what this area needs, if someone would just do it. There are tons of people in this area that would subscribe if given the opportunity.
There's nothing quite so dramatic as those IE facials.
Look between your legs - I think you will find a small, short wire there. :-P
uhm...wouldn't the proper Denial of Service be called HEADACHE?
I think you missed the part where they "don't give a crap" - as long as the money keeps coming in, the less work they do, the better - as far as they are concerned.
That what was all this school was for... to teach us how to solve our own problems. -- janeowit
I have not studied the final 802.16a yet, but from looking at 802.16 about a year ago, I got the impression that 802.16 is to 802.11 as 802.12 VG-AnyLAN was to 802.3 Fast (100Mbps) Ethernet.
802.3 100bT Fast Ethernet and 802.12 VG-AnyLan were considered competitors in 1994 with VG-AnyLan offering "advanced QoS features making it more suitable for Enterprise applications"
The claims even sound similar:
The 802.12 standard for 100 VG-AnyLAN allows for a backbone supporting both the 802.3 frames and the 802.5 frames. This means that an existing enterprise network with both token ring, ethernet, and some central backbone can easily migrate to the 100 VG-AnyLAN environment. This is due to the diverse media architecture this new technology can utilize: Cat. 3,4,&5 four pair UTP, Cat. 2 two pair STP, and single/multimode optical fiber. Meaning that if there is an existing FDDI, token ring, or 10baseT backbone in place all that need be done is simply replace the endpoints (router or HUB blades), connect the 100 VG-AnyLAN repeaters together, and voila a network structure based on a high speed new technology.
Highlights
# Support for those applications demanding a not only high bandwidth, but that are also time sensitive (this is due to the media access method called demand priority)
# Adapt legacy ethernet and tokenring networks to a high speed backbone with great ease because nodes with 100 VG adapters can be configured to transmit either tokenring or ethernet
# Extremely expandable when compared to tokenring, and all forms of ethernet
# Maximum network diameter 8000 meters
# Cascading up to five levels
Here's an obituary from a 100VG AnyLan FAQ
Hi! Welcome to V1.2 of Richard's Unofficial 100VG AnyLan Web FAQ! This substance of this FAQ was last updated on Sunday, January 28, 1997.
January, 2001: At one time, 100VG AnyLan was a very promising technology. However, due to market forces (Fast Ethernet slaughtered it in the market), VG is a dead technology. To my knowledge, there no currently no VG products for sale.
That's the BROADband part
dongle, perhaps?
pretty soon KaZaA will start using SSH for its x-fers. This was a big topic for portioning at COMNET this week (at least in the Network Infrastructure seminars, everyone else was ga-ga over wireless and web services.)
OKay, KaZaA doesn't use SSH yet, but its been known to masquerade as/in other protocols... so it takes a little bit more keener insight to find it.
NOW go back to the comment "the ISP doesn't care"
and if they have to put forth effort? Please...
In the future, I would want to not be isolated from my friends in the Space Station.
Geeze, that's gonna take a *big* piece of chalk...
What is the maximum range this can provide and what speed can be had at that range?
Comment removed based on user account deletion
Have you noticed that "I tripple E" rhymes with "802.11b" That's cool! huh huh
What does "802.16a" have going for it?
Not without wires - just without the...er..."little cable"
I can't say that I don't give a fuck. I've just run out of fuck to give.
Too bad radio's don't work in snowstorms, or you could use them instead of wireless technology...
:)
Oh wait they do.
Oh, and they ARE wireless technology.
I guess Australia's not out of luck after all. I think each continent can afford a satellite or two to bounce signals off.
As for latency, it's there anyway - Never seen a good Q3A player on an NYC server
Grr, that's what I get for being awake at 8 in the morning. Good catch.
CAn'T CompreHend SARcaSm?
2-11 GHz? That's all over the S and X bands!
Anybody remember the story about U.S. destroyers and cruisers visiting a port in Australia and all the garage doors going crazy?
OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex) is more resistant to multipath effects. In conventional spread spectrum, data is pumped rapidly through a single carrier, modulated by a spreading code. With OFDM, the data is modulated and sent across a large number of closely spaced RF carriers at the same time. Sort of like parallel, as opposed to serial transmission. Because the bits are sent in parallel, they can individually be sent at a much slower rate, while still yielding the same overall transmission throughput. Because each bit is "on the air" for a longer period of time, there are less problems with multipath effects.
My rights don't need management.
I see a day where we no longer have ISPs, we are just all connected to each other in a huge mesh.
There are already groups trying to do this in various cities. One of the more advanced ones is in Seattle. Seattle Wireless is a not-for-profit effort to develop a wireless broadband community network in Seattle.
I think the critical factor is as much signal range as it is bandwidth. The Seattle group above is using the 802.11b devices with directional antennas to make their backbone. They've defined classes of nodes in terms of how dedicated the node is to serving just as a backbone. The better the range, the more "connections" happen and the faster the backbone will grow. Looking at their backbone node map shows they are just getting started, but it kind of makes me wish I lived in Seattle.
Has your ISP ever heard of traffic shaping? Give top priority to SSH-like stuff, then web-browsing, then ftp, etc. etc. etc., then finally P2P. I run a Gnutella node that constantly uploads at +20KB/sec with no slowdown on web-browsing, etc.
:)
As someone who usually stuffs my entire connection through port 22, I couldn't agree with you more. Though I think my use of ssh may not be what you had in mind...
when you're talking about a city-wide network. Imagine a city phone switch which could only handle 8 conversations at a time. Plenty of spectrum in this situation means tens of thousands of channels.
27900MBit/sec / 8 = 3487.5MBytes/sec
3487.5MBytes/sec / 1024 = 3.405GBytes per second!
*Jaw hits floor* You'd need quite the machine to serve up that kind of data. I don't think the usual "webcafe" owner will have one...
If you read the MAC layer for 802.11, which can be found in Matthew S Gast's excellent O'Reilly book on 802.11 networks, you'll discover that all 802.11 systems are carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance.
I won't bore you with the details - just trust me - when your media access depends on station cooperation, its not something you want running in the great outdoors where you have two stations on the same cell separated by four air miles and lots of tall buildings. Throughput suckage will ensue shortly if you don't know what you're doing with a system like that, and its inevitable under load even if you're a guru.
The 802.16 family of standards specifies a MAC layer that is meant to provide wireless access, not wireless lan service. I haven't read that one in detail yet, since it would only make me fear & loathe my 802.11b stuff, but its almost certainly got some sort of polling scheme along the lines of good ol' Arcnet, rather than the ethernet like CSMA/CA in 802.11.
We've had a generation of wireless ISPs cobbling 802.11b with a few running Alvarion's fine Breeze Access II product, now with 802.16 coming on strong we'll see *every* WISP of any size running that kind of gear.
I'd write more, but I'm slobbering on some lit I got from http://www.apertonet.com
I am very easy to get along with, but I don't have time to waste being nice to people who are being stupid. -Theo
You've made the issue clear as a bell, Papason. Many thanks.
barbikeen@msn.com
Ethernet is CSMA/CD - Carrier Sense, Multiple Access with Collision Detection. Carrier Sense simply means you can hear anyone else on channel when they talk. Multiple Access means that anyone can talk any time they want. Collision Detection means that if two people happen to talk at the same time, they can actually detect that they have done so, back off and try again. Ethernet can do CSMA/CD because, to oversimplify, it can listen at the same time as it transmits, therefore it can hear the collisions.
CSMA/CA systems, by contrast, are the same as far as the CSMA part goes, but CA stands for Collision Avoidance. This is really just spin. It means that the station's cannot listen at the same time as they transmit. This is typical for peer-to-peer wireless systems. It's like CB radio. When you push the push-to-talk button, the receiver stops receiving. You need this to happen, because the transmitter is relatively powerful and the receiver is relatively sensitive. Even if the receiver would not be damaged by having the transmitter key up right next to it, the transmitter would easily drown out the signal from any other on-channel transmitter.
"But wait," I hear you cry, "What about cell phones? They can transmit and receive at the same time." This is true. But in this case, the transmitter and receiver are not on the same frequency, but instead on frequencies very far apart. This allows the receiver to have a band-reject filter tuned for the transmitter's output. In fact, the closer in frequency a full-duplex (receive and transmit simultaneously on independent channels) receiver and transmitter are, the more elaborate the filtering must be. Extreme examples can be had by looking at a typical Amateur Radio 3 kHz FM voice in-band VHF repeater. The frequency separation between receiver and transmitter on the 2 meter band is typically 600 kHz. To achieve sufficient isolation, you actually need to use tuned cavities. They're rather large and ticklish to get dialed in. But although the repeater can use the cavities to achieve full-duplex, the user radios are still half-duplex (transmit and receive on independent channels, but not at the same time). Which means that the only way you know that you and your fellow repeater user keyed up at the same time is when the other repeater users tell you that they didn't hear you.
Full- or half-duplex is only an attractive solution in cases where either it's not a peer-to-peer system or where it's a point-to-point system. So it's a lot like 10baseT, where you can either wire two peers directly together or you can connect multiple stations to a repeater (aka a hub or a switch). 802.11b radios are simplex (they transmit and receive on the same channel). This means that you're not going to be able to do collision detection. And that means that either throughput will suffer much more heavily than CSMA/CD systems when demand rises, or you need to have a much more asymetric model, probably with the server station polling the clients, or you need some sort of variation on token rings or some other dining-philosopher-like solution.
One thing they could have done would be to make 802.11b infrastructure mode a half-duplex mode. On the plus side, this means that the downlink from the base station would be collision free since user stations (at least those on the same network) would not be expected. On the minus side, this means, of course, that all of the base stations would take two channels.
...but made for a WOMAN. (Ok, it sounded better when it was inside my head...)
Galaphine
If you want to stop someone from hiding apps on ports that are usually let through (80, 22, etc.) and traffic shape (QoS) then just use a Sitara box http://www.sitaranetworks.com .
...if only I could get one for home.....
It can do up to layer 7 (application layer) classification and monitoring/reporting.
and no, I do not work for Sitara. I have done product testing with them, Packeteer and Cisco and Sitara came out on top.
Andy
YOU FAIL IT!