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A Mind Map of Linux Distributions

Howard writes "All about Linux has posted a Mind Map of GNU/Linux distributions. This map of GNU/Linux hopes to throw light on the current GNU/Linux distributions and their relationships with each other. Though the map doesn't show the historically significant but now redundant distros like SLS, Yggdrasil and the erstwhile Red Hat, it shows many of the more prominent GNU/Linux distributions."

67 comments

  1. Nice diagram! by Whiney+Mac+Fanboy · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Great diagram - it does a pretty nice job of showing distro lineage - it is very hard to show linux distributions in a hierarchical chart like this as the relationships between distributions is not necessarily hierarchical.

    For instance, the multi-lingual section does not show the parent distributions (with the exception of Vine linux) red flag (IIRC) was based on a version of red hat (as was mandriva).

    Still, that's just being picky - its a useful diagram, that shows many of the important relationships between distros.

    --
    There are shills on slashdot. Apparently, I'm one of them.
    1. Re:Nice diagram! by necromcr · · Score: 0

      Great diagram - it does a pretty nice job of showing distro lineage - it is very hard to show linux distributions in a hierarchical chart like this as the relationships between distributions is not necessarily hierarchical.

      I agree! I personally would like to have this wall hanged. Wait, we just bought a color laser printer!

      brb...

      --
      No more I say.
    2. Re:Nice diagram! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Interesting

      OT. i wish there was a similar graph for processor families. All I hear is prescot this, opteron that, athlon another, but no idea how they relate.

    3. Re:Nice diagram! by DrSkwid · · Score: 2, Funny
      --
      There are places where the networks are not touching,and there are places where they are-Boeing's Lori Gunter
    4. Re:Nice diagram! by jasontn · · Score: 5, Informative
    5. Re:Nice diagram! by Silver+Sloth · · Score: 1

      Thanks for this - I've added it to my bookmarks. I'd give you mod points if I had any

      --
      init 11 - for when you need that edge.
    6. Re:Nice diagram! by Danny+Rathjens · · Score: 4, Informative
      the multi-lingual section does not show the parent distribution

      Look again. See the legend in the upper right assigning colored dots to the major distros? See the colored dots on the cells for the multi-lingual distributions and the security related, and small distros?

      (this also answers another posters erroneous gripe about having groups unrelated to their parentage)

  2. Useful by Oldsmobile · · Score: 1, Insightful

    This actually very useful. My previous experimentations with Linux usually had the problem of what distro to use. Since so many were out there, and it was impossible to take in all the basic on all of them, I was totally swamped and ended up installing Suse, which was ok, but not suitable to my needs.

    Maybe I should try again. However, I am not so enthusiastic about spending days upon end recompiling kernels trying to get it to work properly on my laptop :(

    --
    Some say he is made with ascii, others that he is eyeballed daily by millions. All we know is, he is known as the Sig
    1. Re:Useful by hcdejong · · Score: 2, Insightful

      ...ended up installing Suse, which was ok, but not suitable to my needs.

      And how would this map be useful in deciding which are? It only tells you which Linux distros exist, and how they relate. Apart from a few notes on special-purpose/language versions, it tells you nothing about the functionality and philosophy of a distribution.

    2. Re:Useful by Oldsmobile · · Score: 1

      No, but it tells me what is out there, what distros are based on what and the special purpose info is very useful.

      This is like the difference between sitting in a random pile of books or having a library index to look through. The index won't tell me what is in the books, but it tells me what choice I have and categorises them to some extent.

      --
      Some say he is made with ascii, others that he is eyeballed daily by millions. All we know is, he is known as the Sig
    3. Re:Useful by pclminion · · Score: 1

      How can something be "ok, but not suitable?"

  3. Linspire and Debian by MichaelSmith · · Score: 2, Informative

    Somebody else said that Linspire is derived from Debian, but the diagram does not show this.

    Who is right about this? I can't really see the linspire people rolling their own, somehow.

    1. Re:Linspire and Debian by LiquidCoooled · · Score: 4, Funny

      Don;t be silly, of course Linspire isn't derived from Debian, its derived from Windows.

      --
      liqbase :: faster than paper
    2. Re:Linspire and Debian by brunes69 · · Score: 3, Informative
      This is from 2004, when it was still called "Lindows", but I don't think they have re-written everything from scratch since then!

      I've followed both the company and its flagship product, LindowsOS, since its introduction over two years ago. Lindows is based on the Debian version of Linux.

    3. Re:Linspire and Debian by Ajehals · · Score: 3, Informative

      Note the ever so small browny orange dot next to linspire, denoting its a debian deriv (I think guessing by the key...) This is similar to the dots on the multi lingual distros, so I guess it does show the same thing (i.e. Linspire as a Debian derived distro...)

      Not a great diagram as far as inclusion and hereditry (pedigree?) are concerned (but its not supposed to be for that so who cares) but certainly a useful one for new users.

    4. Re:Linspire and Debian by asac · · Score: 2, Informative

      At least they call themselves downstream:

      > I'm sure you're right, but we are downstream from you and our
      > libraries are older.
      from debian bug 277572
    5. Re:Linspire and Debian by peragrin · · Score: 1

      considering that their click-n-run store launches apt-get, and you can manually change the cpt-get repositories to something other than Linspire's I would say yes it is.

      --
      i thought once I was found, but it was only a dream.
    6. Re:Linspire and Debian by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Funny

      But I thought Windows was derived from Debian (or was it BSD), and they picked the name by dropping the "X" from X-Windows.

    7. Re:Linspire and Debian by 1336 · · Score: 1

      Here's an analogy with biology; the reason that the diagram doesn't show Linspire to be derived from Debian is because it is not the equivalent of a phylogenetic diagram, but rather a "mind map" showing relationships based on 'morphology' (e.g. like grouping fish and whales together because they're both streamlined and live in water) rather than descent.

      What you'd be more interested in is something like this page, which shows that a large number of distros trace back to Debian or Fedora.

  4. It's not a mind map, but by m4c+north · · Score: 2, Interesting
    a map for your mind. It helps you see the historical/genealogical relationships between distros, but doesn't map the minds of the users/developers of those distros.

    I was expecting something more along the lines of the philosophical leanings of the mapped distros, like which are more community-based and which are more corporate; which are incredibly zealous and which are more diplomatic. You could pick up to three different spectra and map them before you ran out of easy-to-visualize dimensions.

    For example, I'd like to see:

    • Cathedral [-----] Bazaar (leadership style)
    • Boss [-----] Best Friend (openness to questions or new ideas)
    • Jihadist [------] Zen Monk (open source philosophy)

    --
    Who's your user, program?
  5. freudian read by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I read that as "A Mine Map of Linux Distributions".. :) .. cueue *BSD/Win/Mac zealotry... :P

  6. Small corrections needed by OlivierB · · Score: 2, Informative

    Linspire is Debian based.
    And ClarkConnect (not represented here)should be under RedHat Entreprise Linux.

    --
    Artificial intelligence is no match for natural stupidity
  7. Those who ignore history are doomed to .... by Yonder+Way · · Score: 4, Insightful

    ....irrelevance?

    Unfortunately by leaving out the historical lineage, it doesn't really show how Fedora, SuSE, and Mandriva are all descended from Red Hat Linux. Others are grouped together by things like size or security rather than lineage. It's not very logical or consistent in its current layout. And by ignoring lineage, it has sacraficed its relevance.

    1. Re:Those who ignore history are doomed to .... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Suse doesn't decend from redhat. It's slackware I think.

      They use rpm so everyone assumes its a Redhat decendant

    2. Re:Those who ignore history are doomed to .... by wed128 · · Score: 2, Informative

      Correct. Suse was originally a German localized version of Slackware.

    3. Re:Those who ignore history are doomed to .... by fbjon · · Score: 1

      I'd say they're grouped by the stuff that matters most, not by historical relationships that may not have any relevance anymore. Personally I find it more useful than a pure genealogy chart would be.

      --
      True confidence comes not from realising you are as good as your peers, but that your peers are as bad as you are.
    4. Re:Those who ignore history are doomed to .... by waveclaw · · Score: 1

      it doesn't really show how Fedora, SuSE, and Mandriva are all descended from Red Hat Linux

      Perhaps SuSE is on it's own conceptual branch becuase SuSE is not descended from RedHat?

      There are other, real irrgularities in the chart. Why are some branches named for their theme while others are not? Becuase 'is based on' is the default relationship. Debian, gentoo and RedHat branches contain a lot of 'is based on' relationships. (Really this is nitpicking about the schema for internal labeling, if you can grok the relationship then explicit labeling my just be clutter. )

      This is version 2.0 of this work and a lot of re-working was done. Some choices in the conceptual classifications are intersting. The theme 'is based' on is prevelant. But, what is the key difference between a minimalist distro and a 'Small Linux' distro? What is meant by the colored arrows from Arch Linux?

      And back to your original point, what of LSB and United Linux? The reason Mandrake, RedHat, SuSE and Caldera used rpm for package managment was becuase they participated in the United Linux effort. These distro's have many explicit architectural similarities due to praticipation. Where is that touched upon?

      LSB compliance adds another dimension. What about installations that have been brought into LSB compliance? Some LSB changes to a base installation SuSE are quite drastic. What does it mean for a distro to be 'based on' another when it can be or has been forced into LSB compliance? By default? By choice on or after install?

      What about data mining? This chart brings up opportunity for further exploration, but can similar charts can be constructed for the GNU Userland? How about looking at how and what version the distro's package and ship apache? How would that compare with kernel versions or popular desktop suites? Is there utility in annotating what the 'default' desktop is (GNOME vs. KDE vs. fluxbox vs. Afterstep vs. ...)?

      --

      "You cannot have a General Will unless you have shared experiences. You cannot be fair to people you don't know."
    5. Re:Those who ignore history are doomed to .... by swv3752 · · Score: 2, Interesting

      However, SuSE was one of the founders of the RPM spec. Caldera was also involved. Caldera doesn't really matter anymore since the whole SCO fiasco, and the only other Caldera derived distro was Lycoris.

      And TurboLinux was not designed from the ground up, it was based off of Red Hat. Mandrake and Conectiva (which became Mandriva) are RH derived. Gentoo is conceptually related to LFS. Vector is designed to be a Small Linux, and Slax is derived from Slackware. Linspire and Xandros are siblings being both derived from CorelOS, itself a Debian derivative. I am pretty sure Julex and Puppy are Slackware derived.

      --
      Just a Tuna in the Sea of Life
    6. Re:Those who ignore history are doomed to .... by tezbobobo · · Score: 1

      You're right about it being logical. But then, that is the point of mind maps. The brain works associatively, not reasonably. For some people this is a good layout, for some bad - it depends on their brains wiring. For that reason it is relevant, but obviously not to you.

    7. Re:Those who ignore history are doomed to .... by dascandy · · Score: 1
      (it)*

      (note, that's a regexp)

  8. SELinux isn't even a distribution by Netsnipe · · Score: 3, Insightful

    It's really a series of kernel patches that implement mandatory access control.

    --
    -- "I can't tell the future, I just work there." -- The Doctor
  9. Debian is Key by awol · · Score: 1

    Just goes to show how critical Debian is to the whole shebang. I do so love to see people who whine about Debians defects complete and utter failure to realise that without all the "defective" work that the Debian team do they would have to use freakin RedHat!!

    --
    "The first thing to do when you find yourself in a hole is stop digging."
    1. Re:Debian is Key by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Or the other 30 or so distros listed which are neither Red Hat nor Debian.

      Really the only plausible excuse for your ignorance is that you're using a 640x480 display and didn't notice the scrollbar, in which case your OS's graphics drivers obviously suck.

    2. Re:Debian is Key by iainl · · Score: 1

      The core work of Debian is great. But the two complaints I always hear about it are that (i) it's so slow to take on new updates, and (ii) their license purism is at the expense of including useful (or just cool) stuff.

      Which is why it's such a great thing to base other variants off - lots of people have problems with Debian, but they're things that you can easily fix by bolting stuff on top.

      --
      "I Know You Are But What Am I?"
    3. Re:Debian is Key by ElleyKitten · · Score: 1

      Or the other 30 or so distros listed which are neither Red Hat nor Debian.

      There's Gentoo, Linux from Scratch, and Slackware (and their derivatives). The vaste majority of linux distros are based off either Red Hat or Debian. While we shouldn't ignore the contrabutions of other distros, it's obvious that Debian has given a lot to linux. I personally would not be a linux user today if it wasn't for Debian and its derivatives.

      --
      "What is Internet Explorer 7? Are you saying we can't access the normal internet?" - I love tech support. Really.
    4. Re:Debian is Key by Maljin+Jolt · · Score: 0, Troll

      You are wrong. In Gentoo community, Debian is completely irrelevant, not critical, as well as Red Hat is. Both technical superiority and community management makes Gentoo outstanding both for bleeding edge development AND hardened production. For example, does NSA use Debian? No, they are backing and contributing Gentoo with selinux. In mission critical systems, marketing propaganda (as in Red Hat or Microsoft) does not count.

      --
      There you are, staring at me again.
    5. Re:Debian is Key by Slack3r78 · · Score: 1
      You are wrong. In Gentoo community, Debian is completely irrelevant, not critical, as well as Red Hat is.

      Except for all the software development memebers of both communities do. I seriously suggest you check into the amount of kernel contributions that come from people with @redhat.com e-mail addresses before you spew off nonsense about Redhat being "irellevent."

      For example, does NSA use Debian? No, they are backing and contributing Gentoo with selinux.

      Funny then that the NSA's contributors list for SELinux includes as many/more references to Red Hat and Debian as Gentoo.

      In mission critical systems, marketing propaganda (as in Red Hat or Microsoft) does not count.

      Neither does blind zeal and borderline trolling. Use what works. But don't be fooled into believing that what you like is completely independent of development going on in the rest of the Linux world. That's just plain foolish.
    6. Re:Debian is Key by Maljin+Jolt · · Score: 1

      Funny then that the NSA's contributors list [nsa.gov] for SELinux includes as many/more references to Red Hat and Debian as Gentoo.

      That's not funny at all. You forgot to mention these are EXTERNAL contributors to SELinux, while Gentoo/SELinux is used internally by NSA, as well as supported by NSA for other gov agencies.

      --
      There you are, staring at me again.
    7. Re:Debian is Key by Slack3r78 · · Score: 1

      You keep saying that, how about some references to back it up? A good 15-20 minutes Googling on the subject didn't turn up and kind of preference for Gentoo from the NSA that I've seen. I'd imagine if such a preference were well-known, it'd be a bit easier to come by.

      As it stands all I can find are references to Gentoo, Fedora/RH, and Debian all contributing to the project and compatible with the software.

  10. Yggdrasil was great. by torpor · · Score: 2, Interesting


    One of the first easy-to-use and easy-to-demo Linux distro's around, I got a whole data center moved to 486/Pentium hardware on the strength of the "rootfs on CD" bootsys that Yggdrasil was shipping, before RedHat was anything more than an SLS-wannabe, and I have to say that I really can't fathom why it wasn't considered significant enough to include on this map ..

    --
    ; -- the corruption of government starts with its secrets. a truly free people keep no secrets. --
    1. Re:Yggdrasil was great. by pimpimpim · · Score: 2, Insightful
      As you say, it "was" great. The picture of the mindmap itself contains some text, which explains why it isn't there:

      "This mind map does not go into the historical perspective of Linux but tries to showcase the relationships between current linux distributions".

      Although there might be critizism to this mind map, I still find it pretty useful, because I really lost track of what which distributions are based on.

      --
      molmod.com - computing tips from a molecular modeling
  11. GNU/Linux? by david.given · · Score: 1

    Are all Linux distros based on the GNU userspace? Are there any based on, for example, the BSD userspace instead?

    1. Re:GNU/Linux? by john.wingfield · · Score: 1

      GNU/Linux distributions are based on the Linux kernel. BSD distributions are based on the BSD kernel. For completeness, GNU/Hurd distributions are based on the GNU Hurd kernel.

    2. Re:GNU/Linux? by idonthack · · Score: 1

      But then you'd really be running BSD, wouldn't you? :)
       
      Just kidding. I know people have talked about it and done it, but I don't think there's any actual "BSD/Linux" distro.

      --
      Why is it that when you believe something it's an opinion, but when I believe something it's a manifesto?
    3. Re:GNU/Linux? by BrokenHalo · · Score: 1
      Are there any based on, for example, the BSD userspace instead?

      As far as I know, none do so very comprehensively. But Slackware has a number of BSD-isms thrown into it, which happens to suit me quite well.

    4. Re:GNU/Linux? by wed128 · · Score: 1

      Slackware's BSD style boot scripts just make more sense to me than the SYSV boot scripts most other distros use. Me likey.

    5. Re:GNU/Linux? by after+fallout · · Score: 1

      Gentoo portage is bery BSD-ish (and I am almost certain you can build a Gentoo box on a BSD kernel or Darwin for that matter)

    6. Re:GNU/Linux? by beady · · Score: 1

      He was asking about using the BSD userland with the Linux kernel. BSD/Linux. As opposed to the GNU userland/BSD kernel thing that Gentoo are attempting.

      Unfortunately, GP, I don't know.

    7. Re:GNU/Linux? by forkazoo · · Score: 1
      Are all Linux distros based on the GNU userspace? Are there any based on, for example, the BSD userspace instead?


      A lot of the embedded Linux devices don't have the GNU userspace. Think of something like a Tivo, or fancy Photocopier. These sorts of things may have no use for deploying with the usual userspace command line tools, just the kernel, needed libraries, and the end-user interface (web server software/GUI/whatever)
  12. Mind Mapping Software by jallen02 · · Score: 5, Interesting

    That Mind Map appears to have been made with FreeMind. An excellent, open source, mind mapping solution. I advise folks to try it out.

    FreeMind

    Jeremy

    1. Re:Mind Mapping Software by $RANDOMLUSER · · Score: 1

      Thank you! This looks like amazing software!

      --
      No folly is more costly than the folly of intolerant idealism. - Winston Churchill
  13. I agree you can do different useful mappings. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    My first thoughts were rpm vs. deb vs. tarball etc. It would be quite handy to know where you can get apps from. In Windows, an exe usually just runs but in Linux you have to worry about dependencies. The choice of a distro might logically be made depending on how easy it is to install programs and how available they are.

    The prior knowledge, that pointing Mepis at the wrong repository would break it, would have saved me a fair bit of misery. Just a map showing the relationship between different distros and repositories with comments like: "Don't even think of pointing here" would help.

    1. Re:I agree you can do different useful mappings. by nutsy · · Score: 1

      In Windows, exe installers spooge all over your C drive (and each other) but in Linux conflicts are taken care of via dependencies.

      Fixed.

  14. Isn't Mandriva multi-lingual? by njchick · · Score: 1

    I think it has a pretty good support for many European languages.

    1. Re:Isn't Mandriva multi-lingual? by ClickOnThis · · Score: 1

      Also, back when it was called Mandrake, it was based on Red Hat.

      --
      If it weren't for deadlines, nothing would be late.
  15. Nice diagram, but wrong on at least one count by Daengbo · · Score: 1

    IPCop should be listed as an offshoot of Smoothwall, because it was forked after a flamewar over the license (If I remember correctly).

    1. Re:Nice diagram, but wrong on at least one count by kv9 · · Score: 1
      Nice diagram, but wrong on at least one count

      SLAX is based on Slackware too afaik. it was even called "slackware live" a while back.

  16. News to me... by MadAnalyst · · Score: 1

    Mepis is related to Ubuntu? I'm not sure I have ever heard of such a connection....

    I would be thrilled if someone could explain to me how that works.

    1. Re:News to me... by stu42j · · Score: 2, Informative
  17. Missing distro! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

    Why doesn't it show that everything comes from SCO and GNU/Linux is a result of the merger between SCO and XFree86?

    *duck*

  18. Two Maps? by abrotman · · Score: 1

    I see that the map is nice, but perhaps there should actually be two maps. One showing which distros are derived from which(in completeness, instead of putting DSL under compact distros, put it under Debian), but also another showing the intended purpose(and use the little dot to show derivation).

  19. Mindmapping Software by i_am_the_r00t · · Score: 2, Informative

    I have recently finished a 3 month analysis of mindmap software. Everything from Visio, to Freemind.

    My conclusion is that the best mindmap software on the market is not software but a large piece of paper and colored pens. The mind-mapping experience does not translate easily to mouse-clicks and keystrokes.

    That said, the SECOND best is Mindmanager 6 Pro. It is pricey but worth it.

    Freemind is nice and hopefully will mature into a better product

    1. Re:Mindmapping Software by rsadelle · · Score: 1

      We have people creating mind maps with large paper and markers, but they then sometimes want to recreate them electronically for emailing or handouts. These are not technical users, and they're from small nonprofits (read: poor). Based on your experience with mind mapping software, do you have a recommendation for something we could suggest they use?

  20. Ooo look a troll! by Morrigu · · Score: 1
    Should I feed it?

    If I feed it, it'll probably stick around.

    If it sticks around, it'll probably say something equally ludicrous and amusing.

    Aw hell, sure.

    Gentoo? W(hy)TF would I ever use Gentoo? I've got better things to do with my time, like actually *use* my applications, instead of waiting a whole weekend while the latest ebuilds from KDE and X.org compile on my whitebox Athlon linux desktop. Emerge can go crawl in a corner and die as far as I care. I've *done* the whole compile-from-source song and dance back when using 80586/MMX optimizations could actually help in daily life. Y'know, back when Socket 7 mobos and P200s were the shiznit. Nowadays? Fuck that. Binary updates, man, binary updates. Gimmee my apps and let me do some real work.


    Cool. Now I've cast my line, I can sit and wait for it to bite. :)
    --
    "We can categorically state that we have not released man-eating badgers into the area." - Major Mike Shearer, UK
    1. Re:Ooo look a troll! by Maljin+Jolt · · Score: 1

      I've got better things to do with my time, like actually *use* my applications, instead of waiting a whole weekend while the latest ebuilds from KDE and X.org compile on my whitebox Athlon linux desktop.

      What a nonsense you say, with a lot of prejudice. With PORTAGE_NICENESS 15, last time I did compiling KDE on background, I played a 3D game at the same time. And won. What actually prevents you to just restart X or KDE session after Xorg or KDE has been finished recompiled?

      --
      There you are, staring at me again.
  21. Bad Taxonomy by frank_adrian314159 · · Score: 1

    If you are going with lineage as your classification attribute at a given level, you should stick with lineage. At the top level, he mixed lineage (i.e., SuSE, RedHat, Debian) with purpose (i.e., minialist system, security oriented, etc.). This leads to hideousness like the tags on the minimalist systems like "derived from...". So it might be a good representation of how he understands the space (i.e., it might be a good map of his mind), but for any real use, you'll still need a proper taxonomy. And the first rule of taxonomy construction is that you split only on one independent attribute at a given node. In this case, lineage and purpose are not independently splittable. You need to split on one or the other.

    --
    That is all.
  22. This might help you more. by Slithe · · Score: 1

    Distrowatch offers information on and reviews for many different Linux distributions. It does not really classify them, though. The distro chart at Linux.org classified distributions using several categories, but it has not been updated in a while. Also, there is a test to determine which Linux distribution is right for you.

    --
    ---- "XML is like violence. If it doesn't fix the problem, you aren't using enough."