Slashdot Mirror


Alcohol Powered Muscles

ianchaos writes "In an article on ScienCentral News, Scientists at the University of Texas are using alcohol to power artificial muscles. From the article: 'Usually the only alcohol-powered muscles are the ones in barroom brawls, but one scientist is adding alcohol to artificial muscles to power robots and more.'"

164 comments

  1. Bender had it right! by Winlin · · Score: 5, Funny

    Or these researchers have been watching just a bit too much Cartoon network.

    1. Re:Bender had it right! by Southpaw018 · · Score: 1

      Awww, first comment beat me to it ;)

      Seriously, life imitates Family Guy with the Al-Zarqaqi outtakes video and now Futurama with alcohol-powered robots. I love it.

      --
      ACs are modded -6. I don't read you, I don't mod you, I don't see you. Don't like it? Don't be a coward.
    2. Re:Bender had it right! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      fucking dupe!

    3. Re:Bender had it right! by blues_shuffle · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Technically, it was Professor Farnsworth who had it right. He was the scientist who designed the robots. Bender just happened to be one of them.

    4. Re:Bender had it right! by Maradine · · Score: 1

      To quote the bot . . .

      "I'm Bender, baby! Please insert liquor!"

      --

      trustedworlds.net - gaming, security, and the gunk that lives in between

    5. Re:Bender had it right! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Professor Farnsworth did not design the Bending Unit, of which Bender himself is. He did work for Momcorp, but was by no means the original person who came up with using alcohol for fueling robots.

    6. Re:Bender had it right! by alx5000 · · Score: 1

      Yeah, man, he was: Just remember the Global Warming episode when he blames himself aloud because his alcohol powered robots (remembers de robot, remember the burp!) generated a lot of pollution (but he was in love, nonetheless...)

      --
      My 0.02 cents
    7. Re:Bender had it right! by GmAz · · Score: 1

      Man, that was my first thought and it was taken with the first post. At least it got out there. Too bad you can't get a +6 funny.

      --
      Click Click Bloody Click PANCAKES!
    8. Re:Bender had it right! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Did you even look at the summary?

      from the bender-would-approve dept.

    9. Re:Bender had it right! by severoon · · Score: 1

      I'm sure he said that at some point or another (or a lot of points, more likely), but my favorite bender quote is from the musical episode, "I am Bender. Please insert girder." That's not the one you're referring to, is it?

      --
      but have you considered the following argument: shut up.
  2. Wait wait wait by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0, Redundant

    Does this mean I can finally have my very own Bender!?

    1. Re:Wait wait wait by Gentlewhisper · · Score: 2, Funny
      Does this mean I can finally have my very own Bender!?


      Bender? Who cares about Bender... I for one, bow down to our new constantly barfing alcohol burnin' Myomer driven BattleMechs!
    2. Re:Wait wait wait by MobileTatsu-NJG · · Score: 2, Funny

      "Does this mean I can finally have my very own Bender!?"

      Why? You got a metal ass biting fetish you're willing to drop a few thousand $$$ on?

      --

      "I like to lick butts!" by MobileTatsu-NJG (#32700246) (Score:5, Informative)

  3. Great Idea by mikejz84 · · Score: 3, Funny

    Finally a fuel for Congressman other than self-righteous indignation.

    1. Re:Great Idea by DigiShaman · · Score: 0

      Sorry, but maggots don't feed of alcohol.

      --
      Life is not for the lazy.
    2. Re:Great Idea by DrMrLordX · · Score: 3, Funny

      Kennedys do.

    3. Re:Great Idea by Guppy06 · · Score: 1

      No no, the official explanation is that Representative Kennedy was popping pills, not drinking! DUI is completely different from DWI!

  4. Well... by rnelsonee · · Score: 2, Funny
    I know at least one 'muscle' that really gets going when there's a lot of alcohol in me...

    /sorry

    1. Re:Well... by HTL2001 · · Score: 1

      umm, actually that gets inhibited by alcohol...

      <+Vent> if I ever get drunk and can't get it up in bed I'll tell her erection reset by beer

      --
      By reading this, you have given me brief control of your mind.
    2. Re:Well... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Funny

      no need for the quotation marks. the anal sphincter is actually a muscle.

    3. Re:Well... by greyduk · · Score: 1

      Jaw Muscles? your Larynx? I'm lost.

    4. Re:Well... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      SMACKDOWN

    5. Re:Well... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      damn! i read this first. it was a damn funny reply, but would have been even funny if I had have read the parent first. damn moderation system!

    6. Re:Well... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Mod Parent +1 Bitchslap.

  5. Bender Comments by Council · · Score: 5, Funny

    And that, children, was when Slashdot's ratio of non-Bender-related comments to Bender-related comments began its inexorable slide toward zero.

    --
    xkcd.com - a webcomic of mathematics, love, and language.
    1. Re:Bender Comments by drewzhrodague · · Score: 1
      --
      Zhrodague.net - I do projects and stuff too.
    2. Re:Bender Comments by Guppy06 · · Score: 1

      I doubt it will actually hit zero. For example, "In Soviet Russia, my shiney metal ass bites you!" just doesn't work right.

    3. Re:Bender Comments by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I hope you meant to say "one" instead of zero

  6. Did you really need a scientist? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    I could have told you that alcohol makes you stronger and more confident. Do they really need a scientist to figure that one out?

    1. Re:Did you really need a scientist? by subgrappler · · Score: 2, Funny

      and it also makes me charming and good looking and the girl across the room from is suddenly hot.

    2. Re:Did you really need a scientist? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Just as bloggers "discovered" ajax and Christopher Columbus "discovered" America, So too did this rarely-makes-it-out-of-the-lab scientist "discover" the wonderful powers of alcohol.

  7. Beer Muscles by charliebear · · Score: 1

    I had a few friends in college that had "Beer Muscles", (i.e. get a few in you, and you think you can take on the world)

  8. Production Issues? by ZachPruckowski · · Score: 1

    How well can current grain production be scaled up? I mean, if this is gonna be useful, and ethanol cars or ethanol additives to gas, is there enough dormant grain production to take that up? I know that the US has subsidies, so there is dormant production, but is it enough?

    1. Re:Production Issues? by SEWilco · · Score: 2, Funny

      Obviously the solution is grain production robots.

    2. Re:Production Issues? by rubycodez · · Score: 1

      one of the hot research items in alternative energy is genetically modified yeast that can convert cellulose, not just sugar, to alchohol. this way, you only need plant matter such as wood, paper, grass

    3. Re:Production Issues? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Don't know the number exactly, but the US would need something like 900,000+ acres of corn in order to convert completely to ethanol 85. Obviously a complete change-over isn't plausable, but ideally we can convert/enhance many farms into a renewable resource for many different forms of alternative energy.

    4. Re:Production Issues? by c_fel · · Score: 5, Informative

      Anyway this kind of technology is far far away from production. I had the chance to work with these shape memory alloys (I made a small walking robot for a resaerch project at University) , and what we can read in the article is only the good side of them. In fact there are too many downsides yet :

      1. The contraction speed is very fast, but the decontraction is very slow. This is because it's really easy to heat a metal at a high speed, using eather a heat source or electricity (I used electricity cause it's simpler), but to cool it at the same speed, you would need a cool liquid to flow through the wire. And to use two liquids in alternance means that you must have a hydraulic system for each fiber you want to contract/release.

      2. The article says these "muscles" are strong. This is not the case. At least they could be used to move a tiny robot insect, but if you need to put the hydraulic cooling thing, forget it.

      3. It's really hard to control the exact length of the muscle. Other than "completely long" or "completely short", you have a great time setting exactly the good temperature for a specific length. That is because these muscles have a great hysteresis curve, and two temperatures can give two lengths.

      4. That is enough.

      For those you are interested and french speaking, here's the article I wrote on the robot I made : http://www.polymtl.ca/lrn/chenier/MuscleWires.pdf

      --
      I hate all sigs, mine included.
    5. Re:Production Issues? by smellsofbikes · · Score: 1

      For the record, cellulose IS sugar, it's just a polymerized version of it (as is glycogen in people, and starch in potatos.) However, not just everything can break down the cellulose polymer. Plants, bacteria, and some unicellular animals can, but not multicellular animals unless they have an intestinal system full of aforementioned unicellular beasties. If you're really curious here's a diagram of the structural difference between starch and cellulose.

      --
      Nostalgia's not what it used to be.
    6. Re:Production Issues? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Actualy i think they are trying an enzyme that breaks the cellulose down into more simple surgars that can more redily be turned into alcohol. Grass is thie rtarget too.

    7. Re:Production Issues? by rubycodez · · Score: 1

      nah, polymer has different chemical and physical properties than building blocks. Burn a pound of wood in your fireplace one night, then a pound of glucose the next. Post the photos and contractor repair estimates on the web so we can laugh at you.

    8. Re:Production Issues? by smellsofbikes · · Score: 1

      What? They're both carbohydrates with practically the same chemical formula and practically the same chemical energy, meaning if I burned them in a calorimeter they'd show basically the same numbers. If I burnt them both in a high-temperature incinerator you couldn't tell the difference. Starch and cellulose are just different ways of storing sugars, and as far as the body is concerned, sugars are just the way you store acetyl (two-carbon-with-benefits) groups. They're all just different exchange media for low energy storage for rapid energy recovery.

      --
      Nostalgia's not what it used to be.
    9. Re:Production Issues? by rubycodez · · Score: 1

      Taste some sugar. Taste some wood or cotton. Eat some sugar one day. Then eat some sawdust the next (well, get some lawyer or politician to do it). Compare weight and consistency of turds. Something is different, two different chemicals. And I bet your high-temperature incinerator gets some sticky hard-to-remove gunk in its chimney with the sugar.

    10. Re:Production Issues? by smellsofbikes · · Score: 1

      Okay, let's go with that. Taste some sugar from honey. Taste some sugar from the sugar bowl. They both taste sweet, don't they? Guess what? The sugar from the sugar bowl is a polymer. *just* *exactly* *like* starch. It converts from its polymer form, one glucose and one fructose stuck together, into the monomers and *then* isomerizes from fructose into glucose, in a millisecond in your mouth. That's *exactly* the same thing that starch does, but because it's a big polymer rather than a small one, it takes seconds, or maybe even minutes, to do *exactly* the same thing. That's how sugars work. The only difference between sucrose, table sugar, and starch, and cellulose, is which branch is linked to which other branch, and how many of them are hooked together. Animals lack the enzyme to break cellulosic bonds, but have them to break starch bonds. The reason fruit tastes sweeter when it's ripe is because the starch breaks down into simple sugars, *just* *exactly* *like* it does in your mouth and stomach.

      If you put sugars and starches in a high-temp furnace, they both turn into carbon dioxide and water. If you put sugars and starches in an animal, they both turn into carbon dioxide and water. It's how all animal life works. No hard-to-remove gunk anywhere, either, as long as there's plenty of oxygen and the temperature is high enough to break the carbon-carbon bonds.

      --
      Nostalgia's not what it used to be.
    11. Re:Production Issues? by rubycodez · · Score: 1

      yup, all that's right. except huge difference in cellulose that every other sugar molecule is "flipped over" or upside down, while in starch they aren't. Big difference chemically, when it comes to soluability or digestion.

  9. Sorry... I don't drink... by __aaclcg7560 · · Score: 1

    I'll stick with Diet Pepsi instead of sucking down a Miller to power my muscles. My local gym has a strict no-alcohol policy.

    1. Re:Sorry... I don't drink... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      If you have to go to a gym, your obviously not strong enough yet.

    2. Re:Sorry... I don't drink... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Wow, what a fascinating and enlightening comment. Thanks for sharing.

    3. Re:Sorry... I don't drink... by kfg · · Score: 1

      Dude, there is an obvious and rather dramatic flaw in your strategy.

      Like, Diet Pepsi has zero calories. Eat a frickin' banana or something, K?

      KFG

    4. Re:Sorry... I don't drink... by __aaclcg7560 · · Score: 1

      Obviously, you don't use that muscle called the brain. If you don't use it, you lose it. Same thing with going to the gym. :P

    5. Re:Sorry... I don't drink... by __aaclcg7560 · · Score: 1

      That's nothing... check out my F.A.Q.

    6. Re:Sorry... I don't drink... by __aaclcg7560 · · Score: 1

      I meant caffeine when I wrote Diet Pepsi. It has fewer side affects than alcohol when working out in the gym. I usually drink water when working out.

    7. Re:Sorry... I don't drink... by kfg · · Score: 1

      It has fewer side affects than alcohol when working out in the gym.

      Yeah, like not providing any fuel for muscles. :)

      Although you don't actually have to worry about that unless you work out at aerobic threshold for more than two hours at a time. Anything less than that and your liver's glycogen stores have got you covered.

      I usually drink water when working out.

      The best policy, although a rather dilute sweetened green tea can be a bit of alright as well.

      KFG

    8. Re:Sorry... I don't drink... by afaik_ianal · · Score: 1

      wow u r fat

    9. Re:Sorry... I don't drink... by Gordonjcp · · Score: 0, Troll

      Good luck with the diet, you fat bastard ;-)

      Seriously, at least you're making some effort to lose the weight, and managing it. I mean, 75lb is about 30kg to the rest of us - as of your linked FAQ you're not so very far off half way there (assuming you're looking to get to about 90-odd kg).

    10. Re:Sorry... I don't drink... by cheese-cube · · Score: 0

      Well my local pub has a strict no-excersise policy.

    11. Re:Sorry... I don't drink... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I bet you run out of EVERY color trying to draw a self portrait don't you fatty?

    12. Re:Sorry... I don't drink... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      If your idea of decent alcohol is Miller, then you have bigger problems than gym policy.

  10. Molson Muscle by rueger · · Score: 1

    Is this related to that great Canadian invention, the Molson Muscle?

    1. Re:Molson Muscle by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      OMG! Beer powered Ponies!

  11. The old joke may finally come true.... by Malor · · Score: 4, Funny

    "Beer, stat! There's too much blood in my alcohol supply!"

  12. Re:Is this why Bender drinks beer? by LWATCDR · · Score: 1

    Everything in life is a trade off. You also get the hot one eyed purple haired chicks.

    --
    See my blog http://ilovecookes.blogspot.com/ for light hearted technical information.
  13. That must mean... by kitsunewarlock · · Score: 5, Funny

    ...Chuck Norris' sweat must be like 198 proof.

    --
    Ginga no Rekshiya Mata Each page.
    1. Re:That must mean... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

      you must mean 198 percent

    2. Re:That must mean... by kd5ujz · · Score: 0, Redundant

      198 proof = 99% alcohol.

      --
      -William
      God is everything science has yet to explain.
    3. Re:That must mean... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      What makes you think that Chuck Norris would stop at a mere 100%?

    4. Re:That must mean... by SnprBoB86 · · Score: 4, Funny

      **WHOOSH**

      --
      http://brandonbloom.name
    5. Re:That must mean... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      That was the sound of Chuck Norris showing off a roundhouse kick over the other poster's head.

  14. Wanted.... by Landshark17 · · Score: 2, Funny

    Wanted: A surgeon who will replace my muscles with the ones mentioned in TFA so I have a legitimate excuse to drink as much as I do.

    --
    This sig is false.
  15. allergy to alcohol by bensonwu · · Score: 1
    When alcohol was added, it reacted with the oxygen in the air, burning up and releasing heat. The catalyst on the surface of the wire made the combustion of the alcohol proceed at a faster rate.
    What happen when robots are splashed with alcohol...oops
  16. Bar Fights by zblack_eagle · · Score: 0

    Did they get their inspiration from bar fights?

  17. Alcohol-powered muscles by protolith · · Score: 2, Funny

    I Got your Alcohol Powered Muscle Right Here

    1. Re:Alcohol-powered muscles by tverbeek · · Score: 1
      I Got your Alcohol Powered Muscle Right Here

      Which actually tends to get weaker the more alcohol you drink.

      --
      http://alternatives.rzero.com/
  18. Yeah, sure... by kcbrown · · Score: 2, Funny
    "Scientists". At the University of Texas. Powering "artificial" muscles. With alcohol.

    Well, 2 out of 4 isn't bad...

    Ah, the things college students will think of when they've had a bit too much to drink...

    ;-) for the humor impaired...

    --
    Use 'slashdot stuff' in the subject line in any email you send me if you want to get past the spam filter.
    1. Re:Yeah, sure... by mikesd81 · · Score: 1

      Are you sure it's not an excuse to get the beer delivered?

      --
      That which does not kill me only postpones the inevitable.
  19. Well known fact by edwardpickman · · Score: 5, Funny

    There's a blanket term for this, we're called Irish.

  20. University of Texas? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

    The slashdot submission is wrong; the muscles are being developed at the University of Texas at Dallas. "University of Texas" is our satellite campus in Austin. >:(

    1. Re:University of Texas? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      ...the one without the extra qualifier is the satellite campus?

    2. Re:University of Texas? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The nomenclature is as follows:
      The University of Texas (at Austin) - The location on this is optional, as the Austin campus is the main UT campus
      The University of Texas at [Arlington|Brownsville|Dallas|El Paso|Pan American|Permian Basin|San Antonio|Tyler] - The actual "satellite" campuses, if you will. It would be hard pressed to call one of these UT/The University of Texas. They are always tagged (UTD, UTA, UTSA, etc.).

      I attended two of these campuses, and this is definitely not a point of confusion within the system. It probably seems arbitrary to those that have not attended or visited any of the campuses, but those of us that attended/graduated from UT would tell you that it is the *real* UT, and the other campuses should be forced to grovel with their suffixes.

      -Lee

    3. Re:University of Texas? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The important part is: alcohol-related research is coming out of Texas.

    4. Re:University of Texas? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Its an overused joke that Dean Michael Coleman uses every time people come to "tour" UTD.

      If the press cannot grasp simple details like the proper name of the campus, how can you trust their reporting otherwise?

    5. Re:University of Texas? by Frank+T.+Lofaro+Jr. · · Score: 1

      They need to stop drinking and start back pumping oil. :)

      --
      Just because it CAN be done, doesn't mean it should!
    6. Re:University of Texas? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "University of Texas" is our satellite campus in Austin. >:(

      Do you know what "satellite campus" means? UTD is a satellite of Austin, homeboy.

  21. My artificial muscle dream... by foniksonik · · Score: 4, Insightful

    For many years I've thought of a mechanism for artificial muscles which didn't perfectly mimic either natural muscles, arthropods (hydraulics) or typical electrical motor joints.

    It's based on the idea of muscles, that they exist in perpetual tension, so that to create motion via contraction you don't create more tension on one side of the bone, instead you simply relax the tension on one side and allow the existing tension on the other side to fully exert itself.

    One way of achieving this would be to use thousands of taut wires each attached at one end to the 'bone' via a ligament like structure that would reinforce them... basically you could just braid them all together near the attachment point, and also attached to a motor that would wind or unwind them along it's circumference... thereby tightening or loosening the 'muscle'. This first muscle would be counterbalanced on the opposite side of the bone by a muscle with attachment points inverted, so that for an arm there would be a motor at the elbow and one at shoulder, each controlling one muscle in the arrangement. By rotating each motor only slightly for the degree of motion desired, you could pivot the arm at the shoulder with the strength and force of the movement only limited by the tensile strength of the materials used. By keeping the muscles under tension 'while at rest' there would be a very fast reaction time, similar to any spring based mechanical movement... think hard drive coil... ie: very fast quick twitch response... and at the same time the tension would also provide stiffness and immediate torque for heavy lifting type movements.

    I'm sure other more sophisticated arrangements could be conceived, some using hydraulics or next gen materials like this memory wire... but the point is to use constant tension to produce very controlled, precise, quick, strong movements or long elastic fluid movements as desired... rather than no tension single point of torque/force which leads to poor control, etc.

    my 0.2 on artificial muscles

    --
    A fool throws a stone into a well and a thousand sages can not remove it.
    1. Re:My artificial muscle dream... by Lehk228 · · Score: 1

      that would work very well for systems that are mostly in use, however it would be wasteful to use electricity to pull the cables all the time

      perhapse a system where a computer would decide when to use positive force for motion and when to use negative force for motion.

      --
      Snowden and Manning are heroes.
    2. Re:My artificial muscle dream... by Handover+Phist · · Score: 1

      Why use electricity to pull? This could be implemented wholly mechanically using computers only to udjust tension as needed. No more power that needed to run a home box.

    3. Re:My artificial muscle dream... by L7_ · · Score: 1

      and provide enough torque to stabilize the the tension in the braided wires. not to mention actually maintaining torque while ravelling or unravelling them. how are you going to do that without the same amount of power as in the electric push/pull case?

    4. Re:My artificial muscle dream... by zopf · · Score: 3, Insightful

      For your concept to work, the "wires" would have to have some sort of reasonable spring constant that would allow you to set up a constant tension of your choice in them. To wind these tightly enough to make them have relatively constant length under a certain level of stress, a system would need a motor/gear system capable of producing high torque. Unfortunately, the system would have limitations. It could never apply a constant force, as the force it produces is related to the displacement (extension) of the "wire", and as it shortens, the force becomes less (assuming it behaves as a fairly ideal spring). It would also be difficult to control the velocity of the spring without using the opposing motor or some other active damper (which require more energy). Basically, the idea you have is what the medeival engineers called a catapult - you wind it up with some sort of crank and then let it go and see what happens. It could be useful for some things (like throwing objects), but might be difficult to control, and offers relatively few advantages over conventional systems.

      --
      Did you see the pool? They flipped the bitch!
    5. Re:My artificial muscle dream... by Lehk228 · · Score: 1

      adjusting the tension will require just as much juice no matter how you do it, the benefit will be when you need either a surge of strength or speed, both things that current mechanical limbs suck at. electric servo operated arms will never be able to effectively bitch-slap someone.

      --
      Snowden and Manning are heroes.
    6. Re:My artificial muscle dream... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      This arrangement would provide zero benefit. Instead of being limited by how fast a motor can actuate a joint, now you are limited by both how fast one moter can actuate the joint (the one maintaining the tension) and how fast the opposing motor can release that tension. There would be little to no stiffness when at rest as the opposing motors are providing equal force. The system you propose would be no faster than a sytem with a single motor per joint and would be much more inefficient.

    7. Re:My artificial muscle dream... by zen-theorist · · Score: 1
      my 0.2 on artificial muscles
      that would be 0.2 dimes..
    8. Re:My artificial muscle dream... by esper · · Score: 1

      Sounds like you want it to be based on a high-potential equilibrium rather than a low-potential case, which means that there's a lot of energy to release if that equilibrium is somehow disrupted. I wouldn't want to be standing anywhere nearby if any part of the system breaks/malfunctions, because the remaining pieces will be going somewhere unpredictable and doing so hard and fast. Not what I would call a safe failure mode...

    9. Re:My artificial muscle dream... by foniksonik · · Score: 1

      Sorry, should have been more clear... this idea is still in pre-release alpha phase... even numbers represent public pre-releases, odd numbers are bug fix pre-releases ;-p

      --
      A fool throws a stone into a well and a thousand sages can not remove it.
    10. Re:My artificial muscle dream... by foniksonik · · Score: 1

      The whole point of the idea is that this does imitate real muscles in at least one way.... which is the constant "high-potential equilibrium" as you put it.

      Just think about what would happen if you cut one of your ligaments near the bone very quickly... the muscle will snap back violently, especially if it was in th process of contracting, though the affect would differ depending on which attachment point you cut.

      --
      A fool throws a stone into a well and a thousand sages can not remove it.
    11. Re:My artificial muscle dream... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
      Torn and ruptured ligaments and tendons happen often, particularly in the human shoulder's rotator cuff.

      The usual result is weakness and reduced range of motion in the joint -- in the shoulder case, depending on severity, typically the arm dangles downwards and cannot be moved in particular directions without severe pain. Substitution of muscles can move the arm to some degree, but this has side-effects like winging and requires considerably more energy than when the rotator cuff is undamaged. However, the substitution reflex is very common because of pain signalling when the damage muscle is tensed, and it is of evolutionary advantage in allowing the joint to continue to be used at all, without worsening the damage to the torn muscle.

      What you propose is that the muscles et al. are held tense at rest. Firstly, any partial tear would quickly become a full tear thanks to the tension in the opposing muscle acting on the remaining fibres on the injured side of the joint. This makes common injuries and accumulated microtraumas much more serious, as they will worsen on their own. Secondly, a full tear would remove the tension opposing the agonist muscle, causing a whiplash like motion in the joint. If you consider a joint like the elbow, if the triceps analogue were to tear, the biceps analogue's tension would cause a rapid unbraked supination. That is, the hand would whip up towards the shoulder until the maximum range of the joint was reached or the motion was physically blocked e.g. by the victim's face.

      Your design is much less failsafe than the muscle system evolved in vertebrates. In particular, your design relies on maintaining a precise balance in tension and strength among opposing muscles throughout the body. Imbalances, caused by either decreases (e.g. by injury or fatigue) or even increases (e.g. by uneven training or its upgrade analogue) in strength and tension dramatically and possibly dangerously change the at-rest geometry of your musculoskeletal system.

      Just think about what would happen if you cut one of your ligaments near the bone very quickly... the muscle will snap back violently, especially if it was in th process of contracting


      Yes, you immediately render the muscle useless. However, because the (vertebrate) antagonist muscles will be relaxed, they will not cause the joint to snap violently away from the cut ligament.

      If you are using your biceps to hold a slightly heavy object and then slice through one of your biceps tendons, you'll almost certainly drop (as in lower) the object as your arm fails, but you won't hyperextend your elbow in the process, because your triceps relaxed as your biceps contracted to do the intial flexion. In your system, when the analogous slice is made, the tension in the triceps will extend -- and probably hyperextend -- your elbow joint analogue, since there is no tension remaining in the biceps to oppose that motion. You'll also still drop the object.

    12. Re:My artificial muscle dream... by CFTM · · Score: 1

      I saw it happen to a buddy of mine with his Achiles tendon; we were playing some basketball and he went up for a rebound and comes down akwardly [he weighs 300+]. POP! His is calf rolled up along with the tendon; not too coo :-/

  22. Not really about alcohol... by mattmacf · · Score: 5, Insightful
    From TFA:
    In one experiment, Baughman used alcohol to fuel the movement of these artificial muscles. His team coated the shape memory wire with a chemical called a catalyst. When alcohol was added, it reacted with the oxygen in the air, burning up and releasing heat.

    While the whole alcohol bit makes for a great article, the technology is really in the wire. The only purpose for the alcohol here is in an exothermic reaction that causes the memory wire to heat up and contract. Don't we already have a million ways of doing that that don't prompt the requisite Futurama jokes?

    I also fail to see the promise in this technology. It apparently has its advantages over fluid power (at least enough to warrant researching), but lacks reliability and efficiency? A quick venture to Wikipedia tells us "these materials are not currently appropriate for applications such as robotics or artificial muscles, due to energy inefficiency, slow response times, and large hysteresis." AFAICT there are still far too many questions keeping this tech from prime time.

    For instance, how many contractions do you get before the material is exhausted? Is it like a rechargable battery where after a certain number of contractions you get ever diminishing returns from the wire?

    What effect do the chemical reagents have on the physical properties of the wire? Is there a pair of exothermic reagents that will not corrode or degrade the wire over the long term?

    What about the strength of the wire? Can you accurately fine-tune it to exert a controlled force over a given distance? What about releasing the tension in the wire? Would that require another force acting in an opposite direction, or do you just have to wait for the wire to cool off?

    Sounds cool. Just not terribly promising.

    --
    I only mod funny =D
    1. Re:Not really about alcohol... by poopdeville · · Score: 0
      Is it like a rechargable battery where after a certain number of contractions you get ever diminishing returns from the wire?

      Yes. That's what they mean by hystersis in the wikipedia article. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hysteresis

      --
      After all, I am strangely colored.
    2. Re:Not really about alcohol... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Insightful

      I also fail to see the promise in this technology

      Do you have absolutely no imagination? By those standards, flesh and blood-powered muscles are also pretty damn terrible. Flesh muscles are slow, get tired and aren't particularly efficient. Except that the technical problems with the artificial muscle are eventually going to be solvable.

      My point is that because these muscles are similar in operation to human muscles, they're an interesting branch of technology that could one day enable building humanoid robots that work just like we do. The best way to function in an environment designed for humans - is to be designed like a human. Not to mention replacement limbs and cybernetic enhancements that could integrate well with human bodies.

      Is that a promising enough vision for you?

    3. Re:Not really about alcohol... by penguin-collective · · Score: 3, Informative

      No, that's not what "hysteresis" means. Hysteresis means that their behavior depends on their immediate history (meaning, one or two contractions earlier). Long term degradation is called something else, depending on the cause and behavior (e.g., "fatigue").

    4. Re:Not really about alcohol... by poopdeville · · Score: 0
      I'll refer you to the link I already posted. Here's another:

      http://www.lassp.cornell.edu/sethna/hysteresis/Wha tIsHysteresis.html

      Hope this helps!

      --
      After all, I am strangely colored.
    5. Re:Not really about alcohol... by penguin-collective · · Score: 2, Informative

      As I was saying: term "hysteresis" is not used to describe permanent fatigue or degradation of a material. The Wikipedia article specifically talks about "immediate history", and the new link you posted likewise gives correct examples of hysteresis, none of which involve fatigue or degradation. Shape memory alloys exhibit hysteresis and they also exhibit fatigue; the two are two distinct effects.

      Hope this helps!

    6. Re:Not really about alcohol... by penguin-collective · · Score: 1

      Actually, let me be clarify: the examples on the second page "involve" fatigue, but the fatigue is not part of the hysteresis effect itself. The dictionary definition (Webster) is pretty good: "n : the lagging of an effect behind its cause; especially the phenomenon in which the magnetic induction of a ferromagnetic material lags behind the changing magnetic field"; it's a lagging, not a degradation. Hysteresis often occurs without degradation (like on your harddisk). and degradation often occurs with hysteresis.

    7. Re:Not really about alcohol... by mwvdlee · · Score: 1

      So in layman's terms; hysteresis means that a state takes time to change or return.

      In the case of a tape or harddisk it takes only a fraction of a second to set a state, but it takes a gazillion years to return to it's original state. Eventually it will get there but, due to the large hysteresis, it is "permanent" for most practical purposes.

      --
      Slashdot social media options: AIM, ICQ, Yahoo, Jabber and Mobile Text. Why no MySpace?
    8. Re:Not really about alcohol... by zippthorne · · Score: 1

      No, that's not it at all. That's just damping.

      Think of a spring. If you stretch a spring and release it, it will return to its equilibrium position. If you stretch it too far (beyond the elastic limit) it will return to a new equilibrium position. It will not eventually return to its original position unless you compress it "too far" and make it return there.

      Hysteresis is by definition non-conservative, and therefore it is a mechanism by which energy is "lost."

      --
      Can you be Even More Awesome?!
    9. Re:Not really about alcohol... by idlake · · Score: 1

      Well, no, not really.

      A simple example with hysteresis is the following. Imagine you place a metal ring on a flat table and inside that flat ring you put a small object (say, a flat pebble). When you drag the ring around and then move it back exactly to its original position, then the position of the small object inside the ring depends on the path along which you dragged the ring around, not just on the final position of the ring. Furthermore, the position of the object inside the ring may actually depend on the position of the ring some time earlier in its motion, without being dependent on the exact amount of time itself and without being dependent on the complete history of the ring either. Note that there is no time delay: when you stop moving the ring, everything just stays put. Also, there is no fatigue or degradation: you can move the ring as often as you like, and nothing really wears out.

      That's a fairly typical example of hysteresis.

    10. Re:Not really about alcohol... by Lord+Ender · · Score: 1

      Solutions.

      Fine-grained control: Connect muscles in series. Using feedback, trigger increasingly more of them as more contraction is needed.

      Lifespan: Include a huge number of the strings in parallel. Using feedback, determine when one is wearing out, and start using a 2nd (at the same time) to slowly take over for it as it ages. With enough of these in parallel, a robotic arm could last a terribly long time.

      You have obviously never designed robots :-)

      Silly "computer scientists." Engineers rule.

      --
      A slashdotter who didn't build his own computer is like a Jedi who didn't build his own lightsaber.
    11. Re:Not really about alcohol... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Lifespan: Include a huge number of the strings in parallel. Using feedback, determine when one is wearing out, and start using a 2nd (at the same time) to slowly take over for it as it ages. With enough of these in parallel, a robotic arm could last a terribly long time.

      You are no engineer, are you? If you need, say, 100 of these to get a decent lifetime and you use one at a time, your robot is going going to be carrying 100x the weight and volume. Robotic actuators are all about weight and volume, and these things are barely usable now. Not to mention that just "start using a 2nd" is itself a non-trivial problem, since there are no little gnomes that change these things in a working robot, you would need some clever hardware just to implement that.

  23. Futurama by eyeball · · Score: 1

    I do believe there's a Bender joke in there somewhere.

    --

    _______
    2B1ASK1
  24. TFA by PresidentEnder · · Score: 1
    TFA says that alcohol is a fuel, but it doesn't say that this is the only fuel for the muscles- Bio-Diesel is mentioned. This means that maybe alcohol isn't necessarily the best fuel.

    However, for the sake of humor, science fiction, and the way I think the future should look, we must stop research now, while we're still using booze.

    In other news, Luxco stock is up thirty points.

    --
    I used to carry a bottle of whiskey for snake bite. And two snakes. -Nefarious Wheel
  25. Not quite by EZLeeAmused · · Score: 3, Funny
    Actually, the artificial muscles in the article were powered by heat; they just used burning alcohol to generate that heat. It didn't say how much waste heat was generated in the process, but you probably wouldn't want a prototype prosthetic strapped to you.

    Now, artificial intelligence powered by alcohol would be ... no wait, that already exists. Pretty much all alcohol-powered intelligence is artificial.

    --
    Some see the vessel as half full; others see it as half-empty; We pour it out on the floor and laugh
  26. Scientists also added by Who235 · · Score: 1

    The robotic muscles displayed a grossly inflated sense of self esteem, hit on female researchers, and told dirty jokes before demanding burritos and finally passing out.

  27. HORAY! by Gno · · Score: 0

    Sitting on the couch drinking gives you muscels! WOPPEEE! no exercise for me!

    --
    It's not -1 Flamebait! It's +5 Funny. You just didn't get the joke...
  28. Re:Futurama by ViETO · · Score: 4, Funny

    I do believe you haven't read the first 100 posts then.

  29. Nothing new here! by a+gash · · Score: 3, Funny

    We already have this technology, it's called Teamsters!

  30. What I want to know is... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    ...how come ScuttleMonkey posted a story which didn't link to Roland Piquepaille's adblog.

    That's just...wrong!

    1. Re:What I want to know is... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Not only that, but TripMaster Monkey doesn't have first post!

  31. It's proven now? by BluBrick · · Score: 1

    Judging by his diction, I suspect that "Slur" Stallone may have discovered this years ago.

    --
    Ahh - My eye!
    The doctor said I'm not supposed to get Slashdot in it!
  32. Applies on Finns as well by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Finns are not nicknamed alcohol sponges for nothing...

  33. Seeing as we've exhausted Futurama... by Will2k_is_here · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Here's some Simpsons:

    "One for you, one for me. One for you, one for me."

    1. Re:Seeing as we've exhausted Futurama... by systemofadown · · Score: 0

      "Bite my shiney metal ass!"

      --
      Science is but a perversion of itself unless it has as its ultimate goal the betterment of humanity. -Nikola Telsa
    2. Re:Seeing as we've exhausted Futurama... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
  34. The Future by MagicDude · · Score: 2, Funny

    (Scene - Local pub, 20 years from now)

    MagicDude: ... so I said that's no cell phone, it's a lobster.
    Bluto: Arrgh, your jokes suck, and I'm taking your woman.
    MagicBabe: Help me MagicDude. Heeeeeeeelllllp
    (Cue Popeye Music)
    (Reach inside shirt, pull out beer can. Squeeze contents into air and drink in one gulp).
    MagicDude: Time to open up a Beowolf Cluster of Pain on your butt.

    1. Re:The Future by Bruce+McBruce · · Score: 1
      Do I detect a hint of The Simpsons humor?

      And by 'hint', I do mean, 'direct copying of in a relevant context'.

  35. already known by mikesd81 · · Score: 1

    Some of my friends get kinda, um, how to say this delicately.......well they know that alcohol powers muscles..

    --
    That which does not kill me only postpones the inevitable.
  36. Only one problem left to solve by Opportunist · · Score: 1

    After dowsing those muscles with alcohol, they do really stupid things and get tired really fast.

    --
    We used to have a Bill of Rights. Now, with the rights gone, all we have left is the bill.
  37. Hey moderator, SUCK MY REDUNDANT DONG. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Bite it. Bite my shiny metal DONG. Quit modding these guys redundant.

    This post was intended to waste a modpoint.

  38. That's Nothing by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I have a alcohol powered brain.!!

    1. Re:That's Nothing by KJSwartz · · Score: 1

      Yeah ... your brain IS your largest muskle.

  39. 18oz lift.... by hedley · · Score: 1

    ...17oz lift....16oz lift......... 1oz lift..... 18oz lift.....

    This is a sophisticated weight training programme known
    as stripping :)

    H.

  40. Alcohol Power! by Conanymous+Award · · Score: 1

    I know my strength always increases after a couple of healthy doses of alcohol. However, the day after my body thinks the opposite, I've got all these bruises and strained muscles. What am I doing wrong?

    1. Re:Alcohol Power! by cheese-cube · · Score: 0

      Its obvious what your doing wrong; your sobering up.

  41. Muscles too good for bender huh? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Well, im gonna build my own muscles...with blackjack and...hookers...in fact...forget the muscles.

  42. Re:Old Idea, actually. by The+Damned+Yankee · · Score: 2, Funny

    "Whiskey is carried into committee rooms in demijohns and carried out in demagogues." - Mark Twain

    --
    "Against the assault of laughter nothing can stand." - Mark Twain
  43. Babe Ruth was on to something... by dredre123 · · Score: 1

    This is why Bonds will never outdo Ruth... wrong muscle enhancer.

  44. Useful Research by TallGuyRacer · · Score: 0

    Finally! Someone is doing some useful research.

  45. Re:Fraternity Research! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Robots? Who needs alcohol fueled robots when you have alcohol fueled pledges?

  46. Quirks and Quarks episode by nakedforjesus · · Score: 0

    This was discussed in an episode of the CBC radio program "Quirks and Quarks" a week or two ago.

  47. The Next Step by ajs318 · · Score: 1

    Surely the next step now is to build something with artificial muscles and chlorophyll-containing leaves, so that it can produce its own energy by photosynthesis -- using nothing more than carbon dioxide and daylight?

    --
    Je fume. Tu fumes. Nous fûmes!
  48. pah... by Lord+Bitman · · Score: 1

    When I submitted this story months ago, I had the decency to make a Bender joke!

    --
    -- 'The' Lord and Master Bitman On High, Master Of All
  49. Are you a debugger? by Cappy+Red · · Score: 1

    If not, I don't think he'd be too happy about it. Doesn't want anyone thinking he's a robosexual.

    --
    This is my sig. It's prescription, I swear. I need it for reading things... on the other side of things
  50. Popeye by Rush+Drinks+Milk · · Score: 1

    Just imagine if Popeye had used beer instead of spinach. Brutus wouldn't have lived to keep pestering Olive oil

  51. Memories from the anagram lover's Tokyo. by Cappy+Red · · Score: 1

    That's awful alx5000. Especially the making out part.

    --
    This is my sig. It's prescription, I swear. I need it for reading things... on the other side of things
  52. Re:Is this why Bender drinks beer? by drewzhrodague · · Score: 1

    Oddly enough, this was first post, so I don't know why I was modded redundant.

    --
    Zhrodague.net - I do projects and stuff too.
  53. ain nuttn but by ebief · · Score: 1

    It ain nuddin but alkahol pwreing my mussles!!!111

  54. Hot diggidy daffodil! by Cappy+Red · · Score: 1

    Anything that progresses the development of robots and/or provides an opportunity for Futurama references is okay in my book.

    --
    This is my sig. It's prescription, I swear. I need it for reading things... on the other side of things
  55. So... by boarder8925 · · Score: 1

    Do they have to drink to stay sober? ;)

  56. Arnold by racebit · · Score: 1

    If alchohol powered muscles are a reality, then I must be Arnold Schwartzeneggar

  57. Why Would A Robot Need to Drink? by Vinnie_333 · · Score: 1

    I dont NEED to drink!

    --

    "We shall party like the Greeks of old! You know the ones I mean." - HedonismBot
  58. DON'T PUSH IT! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    DON'T PUSH IT! I'm alcohol powered right now. Take a look at my muscles! I can beat anyone while I'm drunk!

  59. Does this mean? by Nom+du+Keyboard · · Score: 1

    So this must mean that your robot is about to also become your best drinking buddy. Does it get better than that?

    --
    "It's the height of ridiculousness to say for those 9 lines you get hundreds of millions."
  60. battlemechs here we come by CowbertPrime · · Score: 1

    This sounds like the myomer technology used to allow battlemechs to move around in the battletech universe. UT is also conducting railgun research, the Air Force is testing airborne anti-ballistic lasers, and we already have a new vehicular anti-missile system (Trophy ADS). All we need now is a fusion reactor to power a tank and we'll be one step closer to hearing "Reactor: Online, Sensors: Online, Weapons: Online, All Systems Nominal."

  61. Haven't mentioned Sirius Cybernetic Corp. yet. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    "Your plastic pal who's fun to be with!"

  62. The Russians at my high school by Watson+Ladd · · Score: 1

    drink Vodka. and are in 9th grade.

    --
    Inventions have long since reached their limit, and I see no hope for further development.-- Frontinus, 1st cent. AD