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Dead At 92, Business Computing Pioneer David Caminer

Brooklyn Bob points out this fascinating obituary of David Caminer, the first systems analyst. "The tea company he worked for developed their own hardware and software — in 1951! Quoting New Scientist: 'In today's terms it would be like hearing that Pizza Hut had developed a new generation of microprocessor, or McDonald's had invented the Internet.'"

142 comments

  1. Daily Telegraph - same story, no registration reqd by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative
  2. I've said it before by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

    And I'll say it again. The British take their tea very seriously. It should surprise nobody that a tea company would be working on microcomputers. After all, these are the same companies that started wars and colonized new lands.

    1. Re:I've said it before by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

      God save the queen!

    2. Re:I've said it before by Creepy+Crawler · · Score: 2, Funny

      ...And redeem her for a valuable prize.

      Down with the queen!

      --
    3. Re:I've said it before by Pugwash69 · · Score: 1

      We get chimpanzees to pick the tea in Yorkshire, etc.

      --
      Pro Coffee Drinker
    4. Re:I've said it before by moosesocks · · Score: 3, Insightful

      According to Douglas Adams, in the future, computers will be making beverages for us that are "almost but not quite, entirely unlike tea"

      --
      -- If you try to fail and succeed, which have you done? - Uli's moose
    5. Re:I've said it before by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      We have Mexicans. More expensive, but with genetic engineering the US should be able to keep up with the UK. I don't need a -1 troll

    6. Re:I've said it before by oldhack · · Score: 1

      According to Douglas Adams, in the future, computers will be making beverages for us that are "almost but not quite, entirely unlike tea"

      And don't tell the computer to try it again, put a real heart into it this time, etc. You don't want that.

      --
      Fuck systemd. Fuck Redhat. Fuck Soylent, too. Wait, scratch the last one.
    7. Re:I've said it before by Pugwash69 · · Score: 1

      It's the taste!

      --
      Pro Coffee Drinker
    8. Re:I've said it before by skeeto · · Score: 1

      The British take their tea very seriously.

      I guess this is why they were mad about a certain tea party in Boston a few hundred years ago. The English tea was thrown overboard into the water, making it unsuitable for drinking -- even for Americans.

      (with apologies to George Banks)

    9. Re:I've said it before by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yo, yo, yo, we be down with da queen, dog.

  3. So close by KasperMeerts · · Score: 1, Interesting

    And still no first post.
    Strange isn't it. This is one of the brighter minds of Computer Science and still I, a computer geek, have never heard of him.

    --
    As long as there are slaughterhouses, there will be battlefields.
    1. Re:So close by petes_PoV · · Score: 4, Interesting
      Why haven't you heard of him?

      My guess is because he was on the commercial side of the business (though the FT referred to him as a "systems analyst" in their obit. yesterday). From the little I know of academic teachings, it's not considered trendy to focus on such areas - particularly as he didn't program in Java

      --
      politicians are like babies' nappies: they should both be changed regularly and for the same reasons
    2. Re:So close by bar-agent · · Score: 4, Funny

      From the little I know of academic teachings, it's not considered trendy to focus on such areas - particularly as he didn't program in Java

      Yeah, he probably programmed in T.

      --
      i'd hit it so hard, if you pulled me out you'd be the king of britain [bash.org]
    3. Re:So close by blind+biker · · Score: 1

      Hahah, I was *so* going to make that comment, if you hadn't preceded me - you bastard ;o)

      Seriously though: what's the point dragging Java in this discussion? These facts happened three decades before Java even appeared.

      --
      "The agriculture ministry is not in charge of Gundam" - Japanese ministry official.
    4. Re:So close by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      He would have invented Java if he had worked for a coffee company.

    5. Re:So close by Kinky+Bass+Junk · · Score: 1

      There is only one point - the poor humour.

      --
      Anonymous Coward
    6. Re:So close by K.+S.+Kyosuke · · Score: 1

      These facts happened three decades before Java even appeared.

      Four decades, I would say. And three decades before T appeared. Of course, true hackers drink T instead of Java. :-)

      --
      Ezekiel 23:20
    7. Re:So close by SimonGhent · · Score: 2, Interesting

      I learned about this guy during my Computer Studies degree course. Really interesting chap, it's amazing how few people have heard of LEO compared to Colossus... but then I guess that an accounting computer for a chain of cafes is a lot less interesting than WW2 code breaking!

      Interesting (sort of) related fact - the Lyons Tea Houses which were a fixture of pretty much every English town became Wimpey, the British burger chain, now confined to run down shopping centres. And another (on a roll here): The Angel, Islington from the British Monopoly board, was a Lyons Tea House.

      --
      simon
    8. Re:So close by somersault · · Score: 1

      I came to this thread hoping to find puns involving Big MAC addresses.

      You have failed me for the last time, Slashdot! *laughs evilly and writes mean things about CmdrTaco on Wikipedia*

      --
      which is totally what she said
  4. Nah ah! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Funny

    âoeAmericans canâ(TM)t believe this,â Paul Ceruzzi, a historian of computing and curator at the National Air and Space Museum, said in an interview last week. âoeThey think youâ(TM)re making it up. It really was true.â

    And we don't! AS our manufacturing and the rest of our economy is rotting away (Thanks for nothing corp America), we are constantly reassured that our talent as a country is creativity (at least that's what the economists say - everything is for the better!). The rest of the World doesn't have this talent. In other words, we are number one and no other can or has created anything. Why we invented the telephone, airplanes, radar, the steam catapult for aircraft carriers, democracy, republics, etc....

    So there! And if this fact is proven wrong, then I will completely lose all hope of my country's economic future and my own.

    1. Re:Nah ah! by maxume · · Score: 1

      What isn't funny is that the United States manufactures more goods today than it did in 1980. It's fantastic.

      --
      Nerd rage is the funniest rage.
    2. Re:Nah ah! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      What isn't funny is that the United States manufactures more goods today than it did in 1980. It's fantastic.

      Yeah, right. What's your source of information?

    3. Re:Nah ah! by carlzum · · Score: 2, Informative

      Um, pretty much every source of economic data. Take a look at the US Census data since 1980. Total manufacturing output in the 2000's is several times greater. As population grows the number of things made follows. It's not of an indicator of economic health, but the US definitely makes more crap today than it did in 1980.

  5. McDonalds? by DeadDecoy · · Score: 3, Funny

    Is it me or does it just a bit off-putting to use an analogy to equate some of the world's more innovative pioneers with the mc'nugget?

    1. Re:McDonalds? by Stormwatch · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Is it an analogy at all? "Wow, a food shop made their own computer. That's just like... another food shop making their own computer!"

    2. Re:McDonalds? by Free+the+Cowards · · Score: 2, Informative

      I don't think you actually understood that comparison.

      They're not saying that it's like McDonald's inventing the McNugget. They're saying that it would be like McDonald's, the fast food company, inventing a computer from scratch.

      --
      If you mod me Overrated, you are admitting that you have no penis.
    3. Re:McDonalds? by Jeff+DeMaagd · · Score: 1

      Glidden, the paint company, used to be involved in making medicines as a significant side business. Think about that if you ever spread enamel on your wall or pop a prescription.

    4. Re:McDonalds? by somersault · · Score: 1

      McDonalds do food now?

      --
      which is totally what she said
    5. Re:McDonalds? by SevenDigitUID · · Score: 1

      Yes, its offputing, but the McNugget is a huge feat of engineering. The chemical engineering involved in turning corn in to McNugget is amazing. The social engineering involved in convincing people to eat the crap is even more amazing. The political engineering to get the government to subsidize McDonald's is simply staggering.

    6. Re:McDonalds? by Alioth · · Score: 1

      Well - why?

      An undertaker, after all, invented the automatic telephone exchange.

    7. Re:McDonalds? by karnal · · Score: 1

      Think about that if you ever spread enamel on your wall or pop a prescription.

      You can do both at once and come out with a screwed up mess of a wall.

      --
      Karnal
    8. Re:McDonalds? by zapakh · · Score: 1

      They're saying that it would be like McDonald's, the fast food company, inventing a computer from scratch.

      The McIntosh?

  6. Output by JustOK · · Score: 5, Funny

    The first output was something almost, but not quite, entirely unlike tea.

    --
    rewriting history since 2109
  7. No surprise, actually by BadAnalogyGuy · · Score: 5, Insightful

    The best solutions don't come from engineers sitting around brainstorming. It's almost exclusively domain-specific knowledge that only practitioners have that makes good systems good. Lyons needed account tracking software for their tea and bakery business, and it's likely that there was simply no idea at IBM or any other "computer" shop that such a need existed.

    Engineers are pretty much replaceable cogs in software development. It's the people who have real world needs that require real world solutions that bring these things into existence.

    1. Re:No surprise, actually by noidentity · · Score: 2, Funny

      Engineers are pretty much replaceable cogs in software development. It's the people who have real world needs that require real world solutions that bring these things into existence.

      That's what I've been telling mom for years about me living in the basement. Think of all the innovations we'd lose if I moved out!

    2. Re:No surprise, actually by erikharrison · · Score: 4, Interesting

      While I recognize and agree with the point you're trying to make, I think it's a bit overstating the case to call engineers replaceable cogs. If you're working withing a relatively solved problem domain, and we're talking about a certain minimal level of skill, then this is true.

      But in _this_ case we're talking about a completely nascent problem space. Caminer's brilliance was recognizing that computers could solve the problem. Yet it still took John Pinkerton with heaps of assistance from the Math Lab at Cambridge to design and build a computer with operating system sufficient to the task.

    3. Re:No surprise, actually by dancingwllamas · · Score: 1

      I've had to take all of those for my CS Degree.

    4. Re:No surprise, actually by Kjella · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Engineers are pretty much replaceable cogs in software development. It's the people who have real world needs that require real world solutions that bring these things into existence.

      Try looking at a real mechanical machine with a broken cog. Not only does it tend to bring the machine to a halt, it can also do permanent damage. Yes, you can replace good cogs with other good cogs but try replacing good cogs with poor cogs and see how far you'll get. Sure all requirements come from the "real world", I'd just like to point out that often the requirements have been there, the money/manhours to it has been there and yet it's spectacularly failed at bringing things into existance.

      It's a widely idealized rumor that companies are so dynamic and innovative - once you get some experience you realize most struggle at reaching "not dysfunctional". If I was in any software business and had a not dysfunctional design team, not dysfunctional development process, not dysfunctional test/QA process, not dysfunctional sales and marketing team and a not dysfunctional HR and recruitment process, I'd be ecstatic. Why? Because I'm sure almost any product we'd go for would be a winner.

      Just to throw out an example, take Dell. "Sell low-cost custom-assembled computers directly over the Internet" basicly sums up the whole original business idea, and probably took about five minutes, and the business requirements aren't far behind. Creating the system to actually deliver on that was all the hard work, and it's far from the only example. Many companies have really simple business plans when it comes down to it, they just execute them exceptionally well. Unless you're heading into completely new dotcom economy fields you can be pretty sure there's money in doing things better than the competition.

      --
      Live today, because you never know what tomorrow brings
    5. Re:No surprise, actually by o1d5ch001 · · Score: 1

      Eh, maybe. But my experience has been that it is a certain personality that brings new ideas to life. Don't pick on engineers, the poor little dears have feelings to you know. And you know how they get when they are upset. They go talk to their Engineer boss, and the Engineering fraternity with the rings that have cut off the circulation to that part of the brain that made them interesting people. Its really not their fault. They were made that way, or maybe they were that way before they became Engineers.

      Oh, and make sure you never ever call yourself an Engineer unless a very special school (for Special people don't you know) has said you are a real Engineer!!

      Now that we have looked after the poor Engineers, the poor dears, back to my point. It is people who the faculty to be creative and rational that make things happen, or happen better. Also keep in mind these are the first types to go crazy, suicidal and postal because all the pinks in the world are so fucking stupid... but I digress..

      --
      Q. What is Calvin's monster snowman called? A. The Torment Of Existence Weighed Against The Horror of Non Being
    6. Re:No surprise, actually by moosesocks · · Score: 1

      Just to throw out an example, take Dell. "Sell low-cost custom-assembled computers directly over the Internet" basicly sums up the whole original business idea

      .

      Not to be pedantic, but Dell have been around since 1984, and their original business model revolved around selling custom-build high-end machines through the mail (at reduced costs, due to the low overhead associated with such a model, as well as the fact that it was the only way they could compete with IBM and Compaq). The shift to selling low-end machines via the Internet didn't come until the mid to late 90s.

      Your point does still hold, however, as Dell were the first company to actually make that business model successful. According to Wikipedia, the company grossed $73 million in its first year.

      --
      -- If you try to fail and succeed, which have you done? - Uli's moose
    7. Re:No surprise, actually by jimmydevice · · Score: 1

      Programming computers has always been about solving problems. Computers are machines.
      They move signals and data and return pay checks and nuclear plant control rod down commands.
      Most of my life consists of developing systems that move data and large, dangerous chunks of machinery.
      Some of the best and worst engineers I have worked with had a BS or MS, MA and BA usually caught on.

    8. Re:No surprise, actually by Mike610544 · · Score: 1

      So true. In any software project the guy who understands the problem is better than 10 guys who don't (regardless of technical skill.) Most effective engineers get involved with a field they're interested in. Learning all the intricacies of a system you don't care about is no fun.

      --
      ... also, I can kill you with my brain.
    9. Re:No surprise, actually by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Actually it was an operational research problem that inspired this. The question Lyons had was what was the optimal ratio of different baked goods to produce with the resources that were available on a given day to maximize profits.

    10. Re:No surprise, actually by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I think it should be required of engineers that they never use the string "lol" in seriousness.

      In fact, I think that should be required for all professions, and even non-professions. I think it should be the prerequisite to continue breathing, that sounds pretty fair to me.

    11. Re:No surprise, actually by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I thought Michael Dell started off selling his homebuilds to students at the University of Texas, delivering to their dorm rooms...?

  8. Another "Inventor" by AllIGotWasThisNick · · Score: 1

    ... McDonald's had invented the Internet

    In the Al Gore sense of "invent the Internet", perhaps. They commercialized someone else's invention.

    1. Re:Another "Inventor" by JustOK · · Score: 4, Funny

      Super-size your internet, drive-thru downloads, I'm lovin' it.

      --
      rewriting history since 2109
    2. Re:Another "Inventor" by Darkness404 · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Super-size your internet, drive-thru downloads, I'm lovin' it.



      Didn't MS already do that? I mean your browser has to look rather super-sized with all those spyware toolbars, and drie-thru downloads are a lot like the drive-by downloads that IE has....

      --
      Taxation is legalized theft, no more, no less.
    3. Re:Another "Inventor" by westlake · · Score: 1
      Didn't MS already do that? I mean your browser has to look rather super-sized with all those spyware toolbars, and drie-thru downloads are a lot like the drive-by downloads that IE has....

      I think I would count the number of extensions that weight down the typical Firefox browser before I began pointing fingers.

    4. Re:Another "Inventor" by Orion+Blastar · · Score: 0

      Actually McDonald's partnered up with AT&T to provide Wifi Internet access from local McDonald's restaurants and yes you can access their Wifi via the drive-thru line and outside of the building. AT&T customers can pay a small fee per month for access to various Wifi hotspots in McDonald's, Starbuck's, etc without paying them an extra fee.

      Some McDonald's also have flat screen LCD TV sets on their wall with Fox News or CNN playing on them with the sound turned off and CC captions playing.

      --
      Remember, Slashdot does not have a -1 disagree moderation, and no, troll, flamebait, and overrated are not substitutes.
    5. Re:Another "Inventor" by Darkness404 · · Score: 1

      I think I would count the number of extensions that weight down the typical Firefox browser before I began pointing fingers.



      Well lets see... On my Firefox 3.0 install on my EEE... I have one extension, Tiny Menu. As for greasemonkey, I have little need of it, AdBlock Plus? I have a configured /etc/hosts file that takes care of it, as for any other extensions... I just don't use them.

      --
      Taxation is legalized theft, no more, no less.
    6. Re:Another "Inventor" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You've missed the point: it was an analogy, not a comparison.

    7. Re:Another "Inventor" by AllIGotWasThisNick · · Score: 1

      Would that make it a bad analogy instead of a poor comparison? Where's BadAnalogyGuy to call this one?

  9. Tea company? by HJED · · Score: 3, Insightful

    The article said the company owned tea shops not that it was a tea company.

    --
    null
    1. Re:Tea company? by AllIGotWasThisNick · · Score: 1

      The article said the company owned tea shops not that it was a tea company.

      FTA:

      In addition to running the tea shops

      ... tea plantations

      Tea plantations and tea shops. Not a tea company? Is there a portion of the industry left other than growing, refining, distributing, and retailing tea? :D

    2. Re:Tea company? by SteveAstro · · Score: 2, Interesting

      It also owned Tea plantations and flour mills.

      In further trivia, Nigella Lawson, the TV chef is the daughter of the Lyons Heiress Vanessa Salmon

    3. Re:Tea company? by McGiraf · · Score: 1

      Drinking? surely they must be paying someone to drink the stuff.

    4. Re:Tea company? by o1d5ch001 · · Score: 1
      Yeaahhhh! Someone actually read the fucking fine article!!

      And about Nigella, she always seemed out of touch with reality.... I'd still do'er though. I bet she'd be a right good shag eh?! (No, I'm Canadian).

      --
      Q. What is Calvin's monster snowman called? A. The Torment Of Existence Weighed Against The Horror of Non Being
    5. Re:Tea company? by Nathonix · · Score: 1

      AND she'd have an awesomely stocked fridge for the post coitus munchies!

      --
      Soap box, Ballot box, Jury box, Ammo box. Use in that order.
  10. Please hold the milk by ishmalius · · Score: 1

    I love English tea, but the standard milk-and-sugar serving is just too much. Black, please.

    1. Re:Please hold the milk by Colin+Smith · · Score: 3, Funny

      Sorry,you can't possibly love English tea, at least not the real stuff. English tea cannot be drunk black. It is stewed in a teapot for 30 minutes specifically to turn the stomach lining to leather.
       

      --
      Deleted
    2. Re:Please hold the milk by jd · · Score: 4, Funny

      The water must also be poured onto the leaves at 98.2'c, and preferably still be above 95' when it hits the stomach lining. This helps in the leather-making process. (You don't want it too much colder, say in the 60' temperature range, or you'll get cancer. (pubmed report))

      --
      It's a small world and it smells funny; I'd buy another if it wasn't for the money; Take back what I paid (SoM)
    3. Re:Please hold the milk by Rapid+Supreme+17 · · Score: 4, Funny

      This makes sense, seeing as you'd need that leather lining to stomach English cooking. To those about to mod me down, I love Yorkshire pudding! Please take that into consideration before you obliterate me.

    4. Re:Please hold the milk by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      What? Did you read the report?
      It said the hot tea was almost the direct CAUSE of the cancer.

      Stop modding this informative! He's got to be JOKING.

    5. Re:Please hold the milk by WiPEOUT · · Score: 1

      As the AC that responded to you (with Score:0) earlier said, the report suggests that drinking hot tea increases the cancer risk, as does drinking too much tea.

    6. Re:Please hold the milk by jd · · Score: 1

      Drinking too much tea just causes gall stones. And drinking tea at 98.2'C would probably kill you almost immediately from scalding and related internal injuries, so, no, you would not get cancer at that temperature. You have to survive long enough for that to become a problem.

      --
      It's a small world and it smells funny; I'd buy another if it wasn't for the money; Take back what I paid (SoM)
    7. Re:Please hold the milk by ggvaidya · · Score: 1

      "The water should be actually boiling at the moment of impact, which means that one should keep it on the flame while one pours. Some people add that one should only use water that has been freshly brought to the boil, but I have never noticed that it makes any difference." -- George Orwell

      So 98.2'c sounds about right.

    8. Re:Please hold the milk by secondhand_Buddah · · Score: 1

      >>specifically to turn the stomach lining to leather.
      Specifically to be able to tolerate English cooking.

      --
      Participatory Governance : The only feasible option for a real democracy, where everyone really does have a say.
    9. Re:Please hold the milk by Elky+Elk · · Score: 2, Funny

      as some from derbyshire we're renaming them to freedom puddings...

      bloody plantagenets

  11. Pizza Hut technology by professorfalcon · · Score: 2, Funny

    like hearing that Pizza Hut had developed a new generation of microprocessor

    You didn't see that commercial yet? It's the one where they also introduced the Extreme Cheesy-Cheesy Extreme Pepperoni Pizza. The microprocessor is in the crust!

    1. Re:Pizza Hut technology by MichaelSmith · · Score: 1

      Its what America does best:

      Music
      Microcode
      High speed pizza delivery

  12. "noisy vacuum tubes used in the first two models." by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Um, what?

  13. This would be an American article then... by The+Famous+Druid · · Score: 4, Informative

    From TFA: So it was only natural it would look at the electronic brains that scientists in the United States were developing for scientific and military purposes as a way to streamline its own empire

    Why do Americans have this urge to claim the credit for everything?

    The Germans built a computer during WWII, and the brits built Colossus computers to break German codes. The University of Manchester built their first computer in 1948, and another in 1949, even the aussies had built CSIRAC in 1949, two years before LEO, and yet the NY times has to claim the LEO was based on what 'American Scientists' were doing.

    There's a whole big world out there, and America doesn't have a monopoly on innovation.

    Deal with it.

    --
    Quidquid Latine dictum sit, altum videtur (anything said in Latin sounds important)
    1. Re:This would be an American article then... by Scrameustache · · Score: 1

      Why do Americans have this urge to claim the credit for everything?

      To create a overwhelming sense of national pride.

      --

      You can't take the sky from me...

    2. Re:This would be an American article then... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative

      As far as I recall the history, they didn't ask Americans anything. They were examining business methods round the world, and had discussions with other businessmen - both in America and Europe - as a matter of course. Computers (or Electronic Brains!) were being thought about at the time, and Lyons staff wrote a report saying that they should be investigated.

      So a meeting was held with Maurice Wilkes of Cambridge, and the upshot was that Lyons sponsored the manufacture of the first commercially designed computer (and, more importantly, the first Business and System Analysts). There was no particular pressure or direction from any other company or country.

      Oh, and another error - Lyons was NOT a tea company. It was a chain of restaurants, placed in city centres; they were called 'Lyons Corner Houses' because Joe Lyons, the owner, figured that a corner position got trade from two streets simultaneously. They typically served the office lunchtime trade - their waitresses were known as 'Nippies', because of their fabled speed of service. Tea would have been served, or coffee, and cakes, sandwiches or light meals. It's like calling McDonalds a Dairy Farmer because they serve milk shakes....

         

    3. Re:This would be an American article then... by Rostin · · Score: 2, Informative

      Point taken, but FYI:

      "J. Lyons and Co., one of the UK's leading catering and food manufacturing companies in the first half of the 20th century, sent two of its senior managers to the USA in 1947 to look at new business methods developed during the Second World War. During their visit they came across digital computers then used exclusively for engineering and mathematical computations. They saw the potential of computers to help solve the problem of administering a major business enterprise."

      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LEO_(computer)

      The NY Times claim is stronger and more arrogant than is really warranted, but (assuming Wikipedia is accurate) it does seem to have some basis in reality.

    4. Re:This would be an American article then... by mangu · · Score: 4, Informative

      Why do Americans have this urge to claim the credit for everything?


      People in most nations seem to have this urge. Brazilians claim the airplane was invented by a Brazilian and Italians claim the telephone was invented by an Italian.


      When you consider a "computer" as a generic machine capable of performing calculations, maybe it could be claimed the Greeks did it, but if you limit your definition to an electronic equipment doing calculations by binary logic, then it's true, an American has the earliest claim.

    5. Re:This would be an American article then... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The tone of your post reveals that you are the one who needs to "deal with it". The Germans also had some help from IBM... not exactly one of their finer movements.

    6. Re:This would be an American article then... by Tablizer · · Score: 1

      Why do Americans have this urge to claim the credit for everything?

      I'm not sure it really was an issue of "credit", such as "firsts". They were looking for practical solutions and the US was one of the top countries for emerging computer technology, perhaps because our large military budget was funding the most computer projects. The internet and microchips were largely pushed forward by military contracts (existing or hoped-for), for example. It's still this way to this day more or less.
           

    7. Re:This would be an American article then... by w3bgeek · · Score: 1

      This all depends of your definition of computer - being an ISU grad I'm partial to http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atanasoff%E2%80%93Berry_Computer which predates all of the above. :)

    8. Re:This would be an American article then... by oldhack · · Score: 1

      ...Blah blah America sucks blah blah...

      Deal with it.

      No. And screw druids.

      --
      Fuck systemd. Fuck Redhat. Fuck Soylent, too. Wait, scratch the last one.
    9. Re:This would be an American article then... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      That's not a computer.

      Zuse had something like that way before your example. So sorry, you're wrong yet again.

      And Meucci definitely invented the telephone before Bell stole his invention.

    10. Re:This would be an American article then... by aproposofwhat · · Score: 2, Informative
      As a matter of fact, Lyons sent Oliver Standingford and Raymond Thompson over to the US in the summer of 1947, to meet with Herman Goldstine at Princeton - it was Goldstine who recommended that they visit Professor Hartree (Wilkes' boss) at Cambridge.

      There's a damn fine history of the LEO computers, written with input from Caminer himself: A Computer Called Leo, by Georgina Ferry.

      I just dug out my copy to get all the names right :o)

      --
      One swallow does not a fellatrix make
    11. Re:This would be an American article then... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

      An 'electronic machine doing binary logic' is the WORST definition of a computer I ever heard of. You might almost think it was specified simply in order to shoe-horn and American (/Bulgarian!) into the frame!

      Atanasoff simply re-created Babbage's Difference Engine in electronics. So I would still go with the British as the first 'computer' inventors - Babbage and Turing between them defined the concept of the first general purpose machine which worked numerically. Adding electronics is not really an 'invention', it's a development...

      As an aside, I don't think that anyone thinks that the Americans 'invented' the first airplane, either. That would be Sir George Cayley. What the Wrights did, by a short head, was BUILD the first CONTROLLABLE airplane. The principles of heavier-than-air flight had been known for 100 years by 1905. The key things they did were use a light frame, a powerful engine and a 3-D control system. Other people across the world were doing exactly the same independently, but they (just) got in the air first...

      Interestingly, their control system, though functional, was not practical. It was the devil to use, and would not scale. So the Wrights were first, but a dead end - much like John Logie Baird with television. And similarly, they tried to keep their 'lead' by legal means - so successfully that in the US they suppressed all aircraft development, and when WW1 came we had to buy our fighter aircraft from the French, because we had no air industry of our own!

      Santos Dumont, the Brazillian, is a much more attractive inventor of the aircraft. He was the first to fly an aircraft which needed no ground-based take-off assistance, (the basis of the Brazillian claim) his aircraft did scale, and the world's aircraft industry has developed from his designs rather than the Wrights, in part becuse he made them freely available for the benefit of mankind. He was Linus to the Wright's Bill Gates....

    12. Re:This would be an American article then... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Shower of bastards?

    13. Re:This would be an American article then... by Tabernaque86 · · Score: 1

      their waitresses were known as 'Nippies', because of their fabled speed of service

      Right, and 'Hooters' is called such because they just love owls that much.

    14. Re:This would be an American article then... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "The NY Times claim is stronger and more arrogant than is really warranted, but (assuming Wikipedia is accurate) it does seem to have some basis in reality.."

      Umm.... this is a REALLY REALLY good example of the sort of thing it is a REALLY BAD idea to rely on the Wiki for.

      The uncontrolled update features of the wiki allow all sorts of twisted accents to be overlaid on a story. Only an authoritative researcher could possibly produce a balanced conclusion.

      If you want, I can update the wiki story to claim that Lyons got the idea from a load of penguines in London Zoo...?

    15. Re:This would be an American article then... by Hoi+Polloi · · Score: 1

      And even within a country it doesn't stop with Alexander Graham Bell stealing credit from Elisha Gray.

      --
      It is by the juice of the coffee bean that thoughts acquire speed, the teeth acquire stains. The stains become a warning
    16. Re:This would be an American article then... by mangu · · Score: 1

      Atanasoff simply re-created Babbage's Difference Engine in electronics


      Well, if you think Babbage predated Atanasoff, then certainly the Antikythera mechanism predated Babbage -- by 2000 years -- with one difference: it was actually built. What Babbage invented the technology of his age couldn't build.

    17. Re:This would be an American article then... by atraintocry · · Score: 1

      If, in the course of designing the LEO, they purposely ignored (or somehow had not heard of) what was going on the US in that field, then we could rightly call them a bunch of idiots. The ENIAC, unlike the Colossus, was Turing-complete.

      That said, the Manchester Baby gets my vote for first "computer".

    18. Re:This would be an American article then... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "the Antikythera mechanism predated Babbage.."

      yes, but that was a glorified ruler, NOT a general purpose programmable mechanism. Ada Lovelace wrote code for the Difference Engine, for Chrissake!

      "What Babbage invented the technology of his age couldn't build..."

      Not true - quite a lot was built. He ran out of sponsors, but that's not the same as being unable to build. If it was, then, for instance, the US is incapable of building an SST...

  14. What on earth would they do with this computer? by ShooterNeo · · Score: 0, Troll

    What sort of calculations could possibly be worth the expense of building an early computer to do them with? That's one thing I have wondered about : these machines had about as much memory as a sheet of notebook paper, and were glacially slow at calculations. What kind of tasks could be worth the expense of building one?

    1. Re:What on earth would they do with this computer? by eclectro · · Score: 2, Funny

      What kind of tasks could be worth the expense of building one?

      To calculate taxes. Or you could just throw your tea in the harbor.

      --
      Take the cheese to sickbay, the doctor should see it as soon as possible - B'Elanna Torres, "Learning Curve"
    2. Re:What on earth would they do with this computer? by jd · · Score: 2, Informative

      The tea industry was so big at one point that it was profitable to build an entire class of ship specifically for tea and nothing else. Lyons deals with all kinds of commodities, many perishable, so high-power optimization was viable. As for "glacially slow", Colossus may have been slow per calculation but performed thousands of calculations in parallel and in benchtests compared favourably with a Pentium doing the same work. Early computers could, if built well, be damn fast and there are still problems where an analogue computer will outperform a digital computer at the same task.

      --
      It's a small world and it smells funny; I'd buy another if it wasn't for the money; Take back what I paid (SoM)
    3. Re:What on earth would they do with this computer? by Scrameustache · · Score: 2, Informative

      What sort of calculations could possibly be worth the expense of building an early computer to do them with? That's one thing I have wondered about : these machines had about as much memory as a sheet of notebook paper, and were glacially slow at calculations. What kind of tasks could be worth the expense of building one?

      FTFA: millions of daily transactions

      --

      You can't take the sky from me...

    4. Re:What on earth would they do with this computer? by westlake · · Score: 3, Insightful
      these machines had about as much memory as a sheet of notebook paper, and were glacially slow at calculations. What kind of tasks could be worth the expense of building one?

      glacially slow by what standard? the mechanical adding machine? you could have half your office staff performing routine calculations with all the opportunities for error that implied.

    5. Re:What on earth would they do with this computer? by robertjw · · Score: 1

      What sort of calculations could possibly be worth the expense of building an early computer to do them with? That's one thing I have wondered about : these machines had about as much memory as a sheet of notebook paper, and were glacially slow at calculations. What kind of tasks could be worth the expense of building one?

      Not sure for this one, but most of the early computers had to do mathematics. You have to remember that there were no calculators then. To calculate anything from a business perspective you would have to lay it all out and do the math manually - a time consuming and error prone process. With the computer they could input all the raw data and get the right result out the other side.

      I think most of us can't imagine living in a world where math had to be done by hand, logarithms had to be looked up in a table, complicated calculations had to be done with a slide rule. Now your phone probably does all that.

    6. Re:What on earth would they do with this computer? by mikerich · · Score: 1
      Lyons was a huge company. It didn't just make tea, it had a massive bakery division and also ran a very successful line of high street tea and coffee shops (think Starbucks - they were that common). It also did almost everything in-house - from vehicle maintenance to manufacturing its own machinery.

      Finally, the company was seen as a very progressive concern - from the way it treated its workers (many of whom were women), through to adopting the latest business techniques - often from the US.

      One of the original tasks was payroll automation - a huge task in a massive company with hundreds of pay grades and pre-decimalised coinage. But LEO came into its own when it was to process orders from these shops.

      At the end of each day's business, managers would telephone a summary of their day's trading and their next order to Lyons HQ where the information was put on to punch tape and sent to LEO. The computer could then produce a collation of the orders to go to the bakeries, print dispatch slips, even generate a packing order for the trucks so that fragile items were added last!

      LEO was even used to predict buying patterns - which foods were most popular at certain times of the year or in certain regions and ensure that supplies were ready for timely manufacture.

      LEO was so successful it was then put to work for the government determining tax information for the Chancellor's budget and timetabling British Railways. Naturally it was such an advanced computer that it had to be killed off by one of the Labour Party's periodic bouts of nationalisation. The spin-off LEO Computers Ltd. was folded into the larger English Electric to become English Electric LEO, which then became English Electric LEO Marconi and finally ICL who eventually disappeared into the maw of Fujitsu.

      There's an excellent book about LEO: 'A Computer Called LEO' by Georgina Ferry, ISBN 1841151866, Harper Collins UK, 2004. Well worth anyone's time. And the LEO project is remembered at LEO Computers Society.

    7. Re:What on earth would they do with this computer? by gatkinso · · Score: 1

      Very easy repetitive tasks? Just a guess.

      --
      I am very small, utmostly microscopic.
    8. Re:What on earth would they do with this computer? by Tablizer · · Score: 1

      You have to remember that there were no calculators then. To calculate anything from a business perspective you would have to lay it all out and do the math manually

      That's not true. Mechanical calculators were common in calculation-intensive businesses. Further, IBM sold semi-programmable mechanical tallying and report-writing equipment based on punched cards since roughly the 1920's. Programmers wrote programs by using a "patch-board" panel with point-to-point plugs and switches. True, such a system was not as flexible as an electronic computer can be, but a lot of business calculations were done this way since the 1920's.
             

    9. Re:What on earth would they do with this computer? by robertjw · · Score: 1

      Fair enough, should have said there were no electronic calculators.

      My point stands that math was much more complicated and expensive 60 years ago than it is now - something that's hard to understand for many of us. I remember when my hich school chemistry teacher told us about using slide rules when he went to the Colorado School of Mines. Now there probably aren't even many teachers that remember those days.

    10. Re:What on earth would they do with this computer? by MrCreosote · · Score: 1

      From TFA

      "The finished LEO, which had less than 100,000th the power of a current PC, could calculate an employeeâ(TM)s pay in 1.5 seconds, a job that took an experienced clerk eight minutes."

      Thats a 320 times increase in speed. Plus less likely to have manual processing errors. And that is for every pay run.

      --
      MrCreosote Meow!Thump!Meow!Thump!Meow!Thump! "You're right! There isn't enough room to swing a cat in here!"
    11. Re:What on earth would they do with this computer? by Tablizer · · Score: 2, Informative

      Here's some links to the IBM mechanical business machines:

      http://www.columbia.edu/acis/history/tabulator.html

      http://www.columbia.edu/acis/history/407.html

      With successive stages of punched-card processing, fairly complex calculations could be made. One could roughly think of each stage as an SQL clause: SELECT (filter columns), then WHERE (filter cards, or "rows"), then maybe a GROUP BY, then a SORT BY, and then perhaps feed those back to another set of SELECT and WHERE cycles again if needed. Still, a human operator usually had to store, load, and monitor the various card stacks over each stage.
             

    12. Re:What on earth would they do with this computer? by aproposofwhat · · Score: 2, Informative
      LEO was actually used to calculate and print the income tax tables for the British Inland Revenue in 1955 - the task was completed overnight, as opposed to taking several weeks if done manually.

      Not only did Lyons build the first industrial computer, they even had a bureau service running as soon as the machine was ready to take on the extra work.

      --
      One swallow does not a fellatrix make
    13. Re:What on earth would they do with this computer? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Insightful

      and there are still problems where an analogue computer will outperform a digital computer at the same task.

      I'm calling bullshit on this Sir.

      Care to elaborate?

    14. Re:What on earth would they do with this computer? by LWATCDR · · Score: 1

      Well the first ones in the US where used to calculate ballistics tables. The first ones in the UK where used to break the German code in WWII.
      The computer that sent men to the moon was probably in the same league as a cell phone.
      You can do a lot with a little if you don't have to make it idiot proof and don't have to have little pictures for every command.

      --
      See my blog http://ilovecookes.blogspot.com/ for light hearted technical information.
  15. Tea and bombs by Dynamoo · · Score: 4, Informative

    It's not about tea - but as the New Scientist says, the exact equivalent to Lyons is something like Pizza hut. Lyons were the absolute masters of logistics in their time - they ran a huge network of outlets to a consistent quality with a very large turnover. So, they were really an ideal company to experiment with this new technology. Lyon's logistical expertise was such that during the Second World War they ran one of the largest bomb making factories in the world, just a couple of miles from where I live. One in seven bombs dropped on Germany came from the Lyons factory at Elstow.

    --
    Never email donotemail@WeAreSpammers.com
    1. Re:Tea and bombs by Fred_A · · Score: 1

      And each bomb was perfectly brewed with milk added just as it left the bomb bay.
      Later versions even came with biscuits !

      --

      May contain traces of nut.
      Made from the freshest electrons.
  16. First systems analyst from the UK? by Orion+Blastar · · Score: 1

    I guess if you ignore Charles Babbage and Ada Augusta Lovelace? They too invented their own software and hardware long before 1951 aka the Analytical Engine, etc. While it didn't actually work right, IBM fixed the problems and made a working version later, and they can be considered Systems Analysts before that term was phrased.

    --
    Remember, Slashdot does not have a -1 disagree moderation, and no, troll, flamebait, and overrated are not substitutes.
    1. Re:First systems analyst from the UK? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      System analysts research, design, and organize computerized solutions for business/government problems/tasks. Babbage and Lovelace are just mathemeticians/engineers.

    2. Re:First systems analyst from the UK? by Orion+Blastar · · Score: 1

      The British government paid them a lot of money to develop the analytical engine to research, design, and organize computerized solutions for business/government problems/tasks.

      "Pray tell me, Mr. Babbage if the wrong numbers are entered into the computer, will the right results come out?" British Parliament to Charles Babbage on his work and what they are funding it for.

      --
      Remember, Slashdot does not have a -1 disagree moderation, and no, troll, flamebait, and overrated are not substitutes.
    3. Re:First systems analyst from the UK? by tcr · · Score: 1

      Are you sure? I thought Wellington wanted it to calculate log books for ballistics/trajectories...?

      --


      Information wants to be beer.
  17. Cup Of Brown Joy by gregski · · Score: 4, Funny

    Yes precisely this seriously:

    http://uk.youtube.com/watch?v=eELH0ivexKA

    --
    I have never let my schooling interfere with my education. - Mark Twain
  18. uhh by nomadic · · Score: 3, Funny

    The tea company he worked for developed their own hardware and software -- in 1951! Quoting New Scientist: 'In today's terms it would be like hearing that Pizza Hut had developed a new generation of microprocessor, or McDonald's had invented the Internet.'"

    Uhhh...actually we didn't really need a redefinition in "today's terms." I mean, it's still like hearing a tea company developed their own hardware and software.

    1. Re:uhh by papershark · · Score: 1

      It's important to remember that no one is claiming that an English company (no matter how large) invented a computer, It's important to remember that there was different business culture in those days, companies would build there own garages to service their delivery vehicles. Or their own telephone engineers to build the internal communications within an office complex, building a computer would have been seen as extension of that. To me the idea if Lyons building the first business computer is no more surprising than say a playing card company becoming Nintendo. Lyons tea shops are all but gone, but if you ever visit England and what a taste of what they were like try visiting a WIMPY (Founded by J.Lyons & Co) and have a Tea and toasted tea cake.

  19. huh... 44 years old and never heard of him. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    huh... 44 years old and never heard of him.

  20. Food Networking by unixan · · Score: 1

    or McDonald's had invented the Internet.

    McDonalds may not have invented the internet, but they did advance food networking...

    Not only are two people in New York and Los Angeles testing the same flavor when they eat their hamburgers, they may have even come from the same cow.

    --
    This signature intentionally left unblank.
    1. Re:Food Networking by Nathonix · · Score: 1

      or myriad the same cows, ground meat isnt usually to specific.

      --
      Soap box, Ballot box, Jury box, Ammo box. Use in that order.
  21. Drool Britannia! by fm6 · · Score: 2, Informative

    And never managed to maintain the loyalty of their colonies and ended up losing them all.

    Another nitpick: LEOs were not exactly mini. See the pictures on this enthusiasts web site.

    And we've been here before.

  22. Re:Daily Telegraph - same story, no registration r by carlzum · · Score: 1

    Is there a more useful Slashdot post than a simple link to the story w/out registration? I wish the editors would "correct" links that require registration before posting. I nearly always search for an alternate source or skip the story when faced with a registration form.

  23. A Computer Called Leo by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    The book "A Computer Called Leo" by Georgina Ferry covers the story and is well worth a read. It's not so much about the technology of the computers themselves but that they were looking at the clerical work done by the business and how they could write unique software to make it more efficient.

    It's quite a sad tale too - they had developed state of the art technology but because they had done so within an existing business they were forced to forgo some of the opportunities for expansion in favour of supporting the parent company.

  24. Konrad Zuse by Werrismys · · Score: 1
    Suse is a wordplay at Zuse, AFAIK.

    "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
    Konrad Zuse (pronounced [ËkÉ"nÊat ËtsuËzÉ(TM)]; June 22, 1910 Berlin - December 18, 1995 Hünfeld) was a German engineer and computer pioneer. His greatest achievement was the world's first functional program-controlled Turing-complete computer, the Z3, in 1941 (the program was stored on a punched tape)."

    --
    'Once scientists, even the dim-witted social scientists, get muzzled, the Western Civilization is finished.' - oldhack
  25. Title by Yoda by SoapBox17 · · Score: 1

    For slashdot now is yoda writing titles, hmm? Yes, hmmm.

    1. Re:Title by Yoda by Tablizer · · Score: 1

      For slashdot now is yoda writing titles, hmm? Yes, hmmm.

      Complain not. Well is Yoda-speak.
           

  26. Damn Americans by Haxx · · Score: 2, Interesting

    First the historian says,

    "Americans can't believe this," Paul Ceruzzi, a historian of computing and curator at the National Air and Space Museum, said in an interview last week. "They think you're making it up. It really was true."

    Then the article says, .Lyons sent employees to the United States to study office automation, and American experts said they should go to the University of Cambridge, where Maurice Wilkes was developing an early computer.

    Seems like the historian doesn't know the history and revealed a hint of anti-american sentiment. It is my experience that any American interested in the first systems analyst wouldn' care where he/she is from.

  27. The OSI Seven Layers... by FrankDrebin · · Score: 2, Funny

    ... were originally two all-beef patties, special sauce, lettuce, cheese, pickles, onions and a sesame seed bun.

    --
    Anybody want a peanut?
    1. Re:The OSI Seven Layers... by Dr.+Cody · · Score: 1

      I'd rather have a peanut.

  28. Re:Daily Telegraph - same story, no registration r by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Funny

    Yeah, just skip the story instead of using bugmenot. That'll show them!

  29. Al Gore worked for McDonalds? by davidwr · · Score: 1

    Ya learn something new every day.

    --
    Knowledge is how to play a game, intelligence is how to win, wisdom is knowing what game to play.
  30. Would You Like a MacOS With Those Fries? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    And Apple would be so screwed if MacDonald's invented the Internet instead of Al Gore doing it.

  31. Martin Prince by Skee09 · · Score: 0

    Martin (fingers crossed): Systems analyst, systems analyst.
    Dr. Pryor: Systems analyst.
    Martin: All right!

  32. Re:Daily Telegraph - same story, no registration r by bobbozzo · · Score: 1

    Not sure why, but I got into TFA without any nags.

    Furthermore, the other article isn't the same; for instance you missed this great quote:

    "Let it be remembered that throughout almost 14 years of life he worked a 24-hour shift on one dreary problem after another without complaining and spent, at the most, only a few hours off sick," the computer's obituary said.

    Except for the "without complaining" part, I'd think they must be talking about Marvin.

    --
    Nothing to see here; Move along.
  33. Many non tech companies still do this by Viol8 · · Score: 1

    Ok , you wouldn't find a tea company today building its own hardware , but you may well find them writing their own software. Many many non tech companies still do this - banks, insurance , market research to name but a few. Possibly even McDonalds and pizza hut do too but I'm just guessing.

    I actually work in a market research company and we DO design our own set top box and handheld hardware though obviously the actual manufacturing is outsourced because the functionality we need from it is simply not available commercially.

    So don't be too surprised if you find non-tech companies poking their fingers in the techy pie occasionally.

    1. Re:Many non tech companies still do this by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Pizza Hut, write all there software in AWK, but then they do use SCO as an operating system !

  34. Rekursiv by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    In the 80s, Scottish hi-fi audio manufacturer Linn designed their own CPU to improve its manufacturing automation systems. It's a fascinating story. http://www.brouhaha.com/~eric/retrocomputing/rekursiv/rekursiv.txt

  35. No - Brazilians invented the Landing Strip by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    A much more significant invention.

  36. Question by longacre · · Score: 1

    Was he ever the systems analyst interviewed weekly in The Onion's American Voices feature?

  37. Recursion by Inthewire · · Score: 1

    The zealot-to-evidence ratio is sky high on the web.

    --


    Writers imply. Readers infer.