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The Singularity Is Sci-Fi's Faith-Based Initiative

malachiorion writes: "Is machine sentience not only possible, but inevitable? Of course not. But don't tell that to devotees of the Singularity, a theory that sounds like science, but is really just science fiction repackaged as secular prophecy. I'm not simply arguing that the Singularity is stupid — people much smarter than me have covered that territory. But as part of my series of stories for Popular Science about the major myths of robotics, I try to point out the Singularity's inescapable sci-fi roots. It was popularized by a SF writer, in a paper that cites SF stories as examples of its potential impact, and, ultimately, it only makes sense when you apply copious amounts of SF handwavery. The article explains why SF has trained us to believe that artificial general intelligence (and everything that follows) is our destiny, but we shouldn't confuse an end-times fantasy with anything resembling science."

235 of 339 comments (clear)

  1. Re:Science Fiction is fiction made up by authors by immaterial · · Score: 1

    Hey! I want my transporters, warp drives, and a galaxy full of humans-with-extra-bumps-embodying-a-particular-stereotype, and I want these things NOW!

  2. From the article... by Maxo-Texas · · Score: 5, Informative

    "This is what Vinge dubbed the Singularity, a point in our collective future that will be utterly, and unknowably transformed by technologyâ(TM)s rapid pace."

    No requirement for artificial intelligence.

    We are already close to this. Think how utterly and unknowingly society will be transformed when half the working population can't do anything that can't be done better by unintelligent machines and programs.

    Last week at the McD's I saw the new soda machine. It loads up to 8 drinks at a time- automatically- fed from the cash register. The only human intervention is to load cups in a bin once an hour or so. One less job. Combined with ordering kiosks and the new robot hamburger makers, you could see 50% of McD's jobs going away over the next few years.

    And don't even get me started on the implications of robotic cars and trucks on employment.

    --
    She was like chocolate when she drank... semi-sweet at first and then increasingly bitter.
    1. Re:From the article... by CRCulver · · Score: 2

      No requirement for artificial intelligence.

      While Vinge often treats the Singularity in his fiction like Marooned in Realtime or the Zones of Thought books as a real singularity (civilizations disappear suddenly and it is not clear what happened to them), he strongly hints that there was some sort of merger of man and machine. Once a biological lifeform is so augmented with technological inventions that the biological part fades away, is that not "artificial intelligence"? I think the term "artificial" is fair enough as the resulting lifeform is not the result of slow biological evolution but a technological/industrial development.

    2. Re:From the article... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      We are already close to this. Think how utterly and unknowingly society will be transformed when half the working population can't do anything that can't be done better by unintelligent machines and programs.

      *can't do anything marketable

      Most of the values that make humans more than just squishy machines cannot be exchanged for cash. If society reduces itself to valuing people economically, you are right. But then we are creating a circular argument.

    3. Re:From the article... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Your point about the Singularity is totally right. The idea that robots or AI is a requirement tells me the original author has not read much Singularity SF.

      Your second point about society made me laugh. At one point I was working as a the person who opens the kitchen in the morning at Arby's, as I did this I notice how easy it would be to replace 90% of my work with present day robots. When I pointed this out to the other workers they laughted and said their jobs were safe for the rest of their lives.

      Funny that is what I was told when I worked at GM on the truck line, now those jobs are gone. Not to another country, the robots replace the humans.

    4. Re:From the article... by MozeeToby · · Score: 4, Insightful

      You're begging an important question with your argument, let me quote from the article to illustrate it.

      If you asked someone, 50 years ago, what the first computer to beat a human at chess would look like, they would imagine a general AI. It would be a sentient AI that could also write poetry and have a conception of right and wrong. And itâ(TM)s not. Itâ(TM)s nothing like that at all.

      If you asked someone today what the first computer capable of designing an improved version of itself would look like, you'd say it would be a true AI. This is not necessarily true. You are assuming that designing a new, more powerful computer requires true intelligence. Maybe in reality it'll be a few million node neural network optimized with a genetic algorithm such that the only output is a new transistor design or a new neural network layout or a new brain-computer interface.

    5. Re:From the article... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Interesting

      You are assuming that the human brain can not be improved or you need machines.

      What if a pill could raise your IQ to 200+ and/or give you total recall.

      Just doing that en-mass would be a Singularity compared to any society that existed before that.

    6. Re:From the article... by Kookus · · Score: 2

      Are you implying that there may be 50% less "organic" additives to my burger after the robot revolution? Or am I going to have to worry about having oil spit into my burger? I'm not sure which is more disgusting...
      By then, it may be completely unburger anyways.

    7. Re:From the article... by pr0fessor · · Score: 3, Insightful

      I think we have already been transformed by technology at a rapid pace. When you look at everyday technology like communications, portable devices, and data storage, in some ways we have already surpassed the science fiction I enjoyed as a kid. Things like the cell phone, tablet, and the micro sd card only existed in science fiction when I was a kid.

      If you grew up in the 70s or earlier I'm sure you can come up with a big list of everyday items.

    8. Re:From the article... by geekoid · · Score: 1

      Not one less job. one less position. So realistically 3 FTE jobs.

      --
      The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
    9. Re:From the article... by gweihir · · Score: 1

      While the AI "singularity" is to the best of our current knowledge not even possible in this universe, you definitely have a point. The issue is not machines getting smarter than very smart human beings. The issue is machines getting more useful and cheaper than human beings at an average, below average or not so much above average human skill level. That could make 50..80% unfit to work, because they just cannot do anything useful anymore. Sure, even these people are vastly smarter than the machines replacing them, but there is no need to be smart for a lot of jobs.

      --
      Most ACs are not even worth the keystrokes to insult them. Be generically insulted by this and ignored otherwise.
    10. Re:From the article... by gweihir · · Score: 1

      There is absolutely no indication that this is even a theoretical possibility for IQ. For total recall, it is unclear whether it is actually beneficial. Large amounts of facts facts are best stored in computers not brains.

      --
      Most ACs are not even worth the keystrokes to insult them. Be generically insulted by this and ignored otherwise.
    11. Re:From the article... by Maxo-Texas · · Score: 1

      Also.. consider the difference between a smart human (who can be easily automated) and a "creative" human (difficult but not impossible to automate).

      Purely "creative" jobs are rare too. So ten jobs which each have a little creativity might be collapsed into three jobs with higher creativity and a machine to do the rest.

      And can you imagine the effort to be *creative* all the time. It's not easy.

      --
      She was like chocolate when she drank... semi-sweet at first and then increasingly bitter.
    12. Re:From the article... by mcgrew · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Wikipedia disagrees with you, and neither the OED or Webster's defines "technological singularity".

      The technological singularity, or simply the singularity, is a hypothetical moment in time when artificial intelligence will have progressed to the point of a greater-than-human intelligence, radically changing civilization, and perhaps human nature.[1] Because the capabilities of such an intelligence may be difficult for a human to comprehend, the technological singularity is often seen as an occurrence (akin to a gravitational singularity) beyond which the future course of human history is unpredictable or even unfathomable.[2]

      Technology has always displaced human labor. As to Wikipedia's definition, which is what this thread is about, as someone who knows how computers work, down to the schematics of the gates inside your processor (read The TTL Handbook some time) and has programmed in hand-assembled machine code and written a program on a Z-80 computer and 16k of RAM that fooled people into believing it was actually sentient, I'm calling bullshit on the first part of the definition (first put forward in 1958 by Von Neuman when my Sinclair had more power than the computers of his day).

      As to the second part, it's already happened. The world today is nothing like the world was in 1964. Both civilization and "human nature" (read this) have changed radically in the last fifty years. Doubtless it changed as much in the 1st half of the 20th century, and someone from Jefferson's time would be completely lost in today's world.

    13. Re:From the article... by rogoshen1 · · Score: 2

      isn't schizophrenia related to the minds inability to filter out stimuli? That would be a pretty good indication of what 'total recall' would do to us.

    14. Re:From the article... by gweihir · · Score: 1

      Most things a smart human can do cannot be automated one bit. The thing is that a) most humans are not really "smart" and b) most jobs do not require the ones doing them to be even a little smart.

      --
      Most ACs are not even worth the keystrokes to insult them. Be generically insulted by this and ignored otherwise.
    15. Re:From the article... by Oligonicella · · Score: 1

      Not even close. Filling sodas is a portion of one person's work, not a friggin' position. Furthermore, most fast food eateries just give you a cup and you fill it yourself. This is how these things get so over exaggerated.

    16. Re:From the article... by gweihir · · Score: 1

      Indeed, good point. The people desiring "total recall" are those that confuse knowing a lot of data with actually understanding things. There people make great bean-counters, but are unsuitable for anything that requires understanding. Just compare an MBA and an engineer. The difference is striking.

      --
      Most ACs are not even worth the keystrokes to insult them. Be generically insulted by this and ignored otherwise.
    17. Re:From the article... by Wycliffe · · Score: 1

      And don't even get me started on the implications of robotic cars and trucks on employment.

      I think robotic cars and/or drones are a fullscale singularity on their own.
      People keep talking about truck drivers and taxi drivers losing their jobs. That's just the tip of the iceberg.
      Why would you own a car if you can order one delivered to your driveway whenever you wanted?
      We also have the technology to automate a ton of common tasks but it's currently not cost effective.
      With self driving cars this all changes. Home delivery of groceries becomes practical. Having a robot
      to clean your toilet becomes practical and cost effective if it can go house to house cleaning toilets and
      it doesn't need a human to deliver it to the job site. I don't think we have any clue how much the world
      will change once self driving cars (and smaller) become commonplace. The only thing holding back alot
      of automation right now is cost. Self driving vehicles would go a long way in reducing that cost and making
      alot more automation practical.

    18. Re:From the article... by CycleMan · · Score: 2

      When I pointed this out to the other workers they laughted and said their jobs were safe for the rest of their lives.

      Funny that is what I was told when I worked at GM on the truck line, now those jobs are gone. Not to another country, the robots replace the humans.

      And if fast food workers succeed in asking for a living wage, I expect that their robot replacements will arrive faster.

    19. Re:From the article... by wierd_w · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Strange, that isnt how I would envision it at all. I would envision it as an iterative evolutionary process simulator with parallel virtual instance simulators all simulating minor variations of itself using (at first) a brute force algorithm over a range of possibly tweakable values, correllating and testing "improvement candidates" based on a set of fixed critera, assembling lists of changes, and restarting the process over again.

      Such models have already created wholly computer generated robots that are surprisingly energy efficient, if bizarre to look at.

      As humans get better at structuring problems into concrete sets of discrete variables, the better such programs will be able to run without human intervention.

      These "AIs" would not in any practical sense, even remotely resemble the intelligence that humans have. They would have much more in common with exponential functions with large numbers of descretized terms, converging on local maxima in their solution domains.

    20. Re:From the article... by complete+loony · · Score: 2

      Modern compilers are amazing tools for optimising down to efficient machine code. But every step of the optimisation pipeline has been carefully designed, there's no strong AI there. Just a lot of heuristics.

      In comparison, designing hardware still seems like a very manual process. IMHO there's plenty of room for automation improvements. But then, there are less people looking at the problem.

      I could totally see a future where software is "compiled" into a mixture of CPU like, GPU like and FPGA like instructions without manual intervention. Or, if you really need the extra performance, output a design for an ASIC chip.

      I'd predict that every step of the compilation pipeline would be as obvious and understandable as current compiler tools. With engineers working on optimisation passes at every layer. Tweaking the process to optimise for power consumption and/or gate count. It's just a question of finding the right motivation to do it.

      --
      09F91102 no, 455FE104 nope, F190A1E8 uh-uh, 7A5F8A09 that's not it, C87294CE no. Ah! 452F6E403CDF10714E41DFAA257D313F.
    21. Re:From the article... by TsuruchiBrian · · Score: 1

      Things are automatically theoretical possibilities by default until they are proven to be theoretical impossibilities.

    22. Re:From the article... by TsuruchiBrian · · Score: 1

      If something a human can do can not be automated, it is not because it is not automatable in principle. It is most likely a failure of humans to understand what it is that they themselves are doing (i.e. they are not able to successfully translate their abilities into a an algorithm).

      You might say "Aren't humans so special? there are things they can do that they cannot program the computers (that they made) do.

      This is like saying: God is *so* powerful that he was able to make a rock so heavy he couldn't lift it.

    23. Re:From the article... by Rich0 · · Score: 1

      If you asked someone today what the first computer capable of designing an improved version of itself would look like, you'd say it would be a true AI. This is not necessarily true. You are assuming that designing a new, more powerful computer requires true intelligence. Maybe in reality it'll be a few million node neural network optimized with a genetic algorithm such that the only output is a new transistor design or a new neural network layout or a new brain-computer interface.

      Well, that begs the question of what true intelligence actually is. Is a cat intelligent? All a cat does is eat, sporadically sleep, and make copies of itself. It wouldn't bother with eating or sleeping but for the fact that it apparently helps with making copies of itself.

      The evolution of human intelligence took billions of years. It seems these days that the development of artificial intelligence will be measured in decades.

    24. Re:From the article... by Maxo-Texas · · Score: 1

      Most the the work smart human does is being automated all the time by expert systems.

      A lot of the work smart humans do turns out to be a small rules set.

      A decent article on the concept here:
      http://www.bloomberg.com/infog...

      Jobs that involve making analytical non creative decisions previously required a smart human- with an advanced degree. Going forward, not so much.

      Creativity and Flexibility are the parts that are hard to automate. Regardless of how smart you have to be to do a job- if the job is repetitive and well defined- it is a good target for automation.

      --
      She was like chocolate when she drank... semi-sweet at first and then increasingly bitter.
    25. Re:From the article... by BoberFett · · Score: 1

      Indeed. With the increasingly automated warehouses being developed by companies like Amazon, once robots are building the merchandise, loading it on driverless trucks, and delivering it directly to your home, how many more millions will be unemployed?

    26. Re:From the article... by Maxo-Texas · · Score: 1

      My point is that while people on the low end are being automated so are people on the high end. It's already happening.

      http://www.npr.org/2011/11/03/...

      The payoff for automating a well paid job that requires a smart human is much bigger than the payoff for automating a poorly paid job that even a below average iq human can do.

      --
      She was like chocolate when she drank... semi-sweet at first and then increasingly bitter.
    27. Re:From the article... by Maxo-Texas · · Score: 1

      The time period until humans that were intelligent was billions of years but most of that was single cell or small multi-cellular organisms. Hundreds of Millions would be more accurate.

      Also, the first mammal like reptiles didn't show up until about 285 million years ago and actual mammals were after that.

      Hominids are a fairly recent arrival.

      Just FYI.

      --
      She was like chocolate when she drank... semi-sweet at first and then increasingly bitter.
    28. Re:From the article... by Maxo-Texas · · Score: 1

      There is a lot that can go wrong and result in an unbalanced human being but a lot of highly successful, talented and well balanced individuals in the world are highly intelligent with good recall.

      It is possible to win the trifecta (recall Dolf Lundgren and Sylvester Stallone are both genius's).

      --
      She was like chocolate when she drank... semi-sweet at first and then increasingly bitter.
    29. Re:From the article... by camperdave · · Score: 1

      Are you implying that there may be 50% less "organic" additives to my burger after the robot revolution? Or am I going to have to worry about having oil spit into my burger? I'm not sure which is more disgusting... By then, it may be completely unburger anyways.

      By then???

      --
      When our name is on the back of your car, we're behind you all the way!
    30. Re:From the article... by camperdave · · Score: 1

      Not even close. Filling sodas is a portion of one person's work, not a friggin' position. Furthermore, most fast food eateries just give you a cup and you fill it yourself. This is how these things get so over exaggerated.

      The drink filler machine is at the drive-through station, not at the walk-in counter. It's there so you don't wind up getting the orange soda that the car in front of you ordered.

      --
      When our name is on the back of your car, we're behind you all the way!
    31. Re:From the article... by spitzig · · Score: 1

      I think someone from today would be more lost in Jefferson's time than someone from his time would be lost today.

      Compare getting food. I have some vague idea of how to use a musket or a bow and arrow, but hunting with one? I'd starve. The operation of making dinner from store bought items from 1800 would be lost on me-they used to spend a LOT of time making meals. Vice versa? Appliances are made to be easy to use-and learn. Foods are often already made to eat at the store, and the components that go into food, like broth or bread are often already made.

      Travel. Learning to ride a horse takes a long time. I'd ridden in cars as a kid, but I learned how to drive an automatic in 15-30 minutes.

    32. Re:From the article... by rogoshen1 · · Score: 1

      Yes, and a lot of highly creative people have more than a twinge of mental illness. (Hemingway, Picasso, Poe etc)

      There is a difference between being unable to filter vs having an eidetic memory (has having an eidetic memory even been proven as a real phenomenon -- compared to simply an 'exceptional' memory?).

      Example: I can remember what tie i wore to my sister's graduation years ago -- if i think about it. A lack of filtering would be unable control what pops into my head at any given moment.

    33. Re:From the article... by mcgrew · · Score: 1

      Maybe for a city kid, but I've ridden horses and grown gardens before. Except that you load it differently and only have one shot, I'm pretty sure I could hit a rabbit with a musket, I hunted when I was a kid. OTOH someone from Franklin's time would be utterly lost trying to use a phone, microwave, car, even a TV. And what could anyone from that time do for a living?

      If you went to his time it wouldn't be that unfamiliar; you've seen westerns and read history books. Our culture and technology would be completely alien to them in every way. Hell, I doubt Franklin could stay out of jail in today's world.

    34. Re:From the article... by gweihir · · Score: 1

      Don't be ridiculous. Expert systems are as dumb as dirt. They can only replace non-smart human work, of which there admittedly is a lot.

      --
      Most ACs are not even worth the keystrokes to insult them. Be generically insulted by this and ignored otherwise.
    35. Re:From the article... by gweihir · · Score: 1

      For variable values of "high end". Or in fact for things that many people cannot do, but which do not require real skill either. There is zero evidence for anything like that happening on the actual high end. There is ample evidence for the contrary. Of course, not many people have "high end" capabilities, but these people are in high demand.

      --
      Most ACs are not even worth the keystrokes to insult them. Be generically insulted by this and ignored otherwise.
    36. Re:From the article... by im_thatoneguy · · Score: 1

      I view that as fear mongering. I minimum wage employee costs :

      $7.50 an hour
      * 40 hours
      * 52 weeks
      -----------------
      $15,600 in wages x2 overhead = $31,200 a year.
      * Let's say leasing a machine for 3 years = $100,000

      That's already very expensive. You can get a pretty fancy machine for $100,000 today. The *moment* the technology is there to replace a worker those workers are gone. There isn't someone going "Hmmm, well the machine costs $130,000 over 3 years and the person costs $100,000... but if we increase minimum wage then we should buy the machine instead!" It's purely a technological problem today. The technology isn't ready to replace most fast food workers. The cost of the machinery to replace them is already lower. You can buy an industrial robot and a very high quality lidar system for $100,000 today. The component costs are *already* less than a minimum wage employee.

    37. Re:From the article... by doom · · Score: 1

      I think you're being kind of long-winded about it... The point would be that you can use evolutionary algorithms that get "smarter" without you understanding how they work. So the author's impression that we need to understand ourselves to surpass ourselves gets shot down.

      I might just call these "microcosmic god" scenarios, myself-- this has the virtue of pissing off the author by referring to yet-another science fiction story.

    38. Re:From the article... by RespekMyAthorati · · Score: 1

      Or am I going to have to worry about having oil spit into my burger?

      And if you don't like it, you can kiss my shiny metal ass.

    39. Re:From the article... by Maxo-Texas · · Score: 1

      If anyone is being ridiculous here, it's you.

      A lot of work that requires smart people doesn't need an ounce of creativity. All that work- however complex- can be automated. And the payoffs for doing so are huge.

      For a lot of other work that requires human creativity it has already been shown such work can be done by machines once the initial spark of creativity has created the new approach.

      I withdraw "ridiculous". You're just being really really blind.

      --
      She was like chocolate when she drank... semi-sweet at first and then increasingly bitter.
    40. Re:From the article... by Maxo-Texas · · Score: 1

      The minimum wage costs more than that due to the employer portion of social security (another 49 cents per hour) plus unemployment and other taxes (another 7 cents per hour).

      The Baxter, a general purpose robot, has a base price of $22,000.

      Many single purpose robots are under $2,500 dollars now. The new hospital robots are $19,600. And the Kiva warehouse robots fully implemented cost $30k to $40k.

      Robots never get involved in worker's compensation suits. It never takes vacation. It doesn't require healthcare. It never protests working conditions.

      --- The challenge is that when humans can't exchange hours of their life for food and shelter- how are our societies going to justify giving them food and shelter?

      Because if we don't- the French Revolution is going to look like a picnic.

      --
      She was like chocolate when she drank... semi-sweet at first and then increasingly bitter.
  3. Sentient machines exist by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

    We call them people.

    The idea that it might not be possible at any point to produce something we *know* to be produceable (a human brain) seems rediculious.
    The idea, having accepted that we produce a human brain, that we cannot produce even a slight improvement seems equally silly.

    Of course the scenerios of how it happens, what it's like, and what the consequences are, are fiction. I don't dare to put a time-table on any of it; and absolutely believe it will only occur through decades of dilligent research and experiementation; but we are not discussing a fictional thing (like teleportation), but a real one (a brain). There's no barrier (like the energy required) that might stop us as would something like a human-built planet.

    No. We don't know *how*, but we know it can be done and is done every minute of every day by biological processes.

    1. Re:Sentient machines exist by erice · · Score: 2

      No. We don't know *how*, but we know it can be done and is done every minute of every day by biological processes.

      The knowing how is the problem. While there is little down that a human level AI could be built if we knew what to build, it is not clear that we are smart enough to come up with a design in any kind of directed fashion.

      “If our brains were simple enough for us to understand them, we'd be so simple that we couldn't.”
        Ian Stewart, The Collapse of Chaos: Discovering Simplicity in a Complex World

      This is conjecture, of course but there is scant evidence against it. Some AI researchers have taken this philosophy or something similar to heart and propose that the only way to make real progress in AI is to reproduce the processes that lead to the human brain: random changes and selection pressure. The trouble is, even if it works and a human AI comes out of it (and it is no clear that we are even smart enough to provide the right selection process), it seems we would have little control and less understanding of the result. Benign but useless seems the most likely outcome.

    2. Re:Sentient machines exist by geekoid · · Score: 2

      Ian Steward made a trite quote to make his point because facts don't bear him out.

      "“If our stomach were simple enough for us to understand them, we'd be so simple that we couldn't.”"
      That would have the exact same meaning 100 years ago, before anyone understood how the stomach worked and everyone pretty much considered it a 'magic box' much like most people thing of their brains.

      --
      The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
    3. Re:Sentient machines exist by thedonger · · Score: 1

      I fear the day we make truly sentient "machines." (In quotes because because I don't know if they will be machines or not.) In order to replicate life as we know it - human, feline, insect, etc. - we must first figure out how to make it want to survive. And once we do that we have created a new competitor in the food chain.

      --
      Help fight poverty: Punch a poor person.
    4. Re:Sentient machines exist by K.+S.+Kyosuke · · Score: 1

      The idea that it might not be possible at any point to produce something we *know* to be produceable (a human brain) seems rediculious.

      I think you may be right, but that strongly depends on what 'rediculious' means.

      --
      Ezekiel 23:20
    5. Re:Sentient machines exist by gweihir · · Score: 1

      Actually, we do _not_ know. You assume a physicalist world model. That is a mere assumption and at this time a question of belief. There are other word models where this assumption is wrong. One is classical dualism, there is the simulation model and there are others. And no, I do not classify religions as potentially valid models, they are delusions.

      --
      Most ACs are not even worth the keystrokes to insult them. Be generically insulted by this and ignored otherwise.
    6. Re:Sentient machines exist by mcgrew · · Score: 1

      Yes, we'll most likely finally understand the chemistry and biology of how the brain works, and build Blade Runner-like "replicants", but you can't build a hamburger with circuity; sentience is a chemical process.

      Just because it walks like a duck and quacks like a duck doesn't make it a duck no matter what some stupid politician says. A simulation of an atom bomb blast produces no destruction nor radiation, and a simulation of a brain will only simulate thought.

    7. Re:Sentient machines exist by mcgrew · · Score: 1

      Bad analogy; you don't use your stomach to understand something. I think you don't really understand the concept of the quote. IOW you can't simulate your computer on your computer, it isn't big enough. You need a bigger computer to simulate yours, or simulate a smaller computer with yours.

      That said, I don't agree with Stewart. I think we are smart enough to figure it out.

    8. Re:Sentient machines exist by metlin · · Score: 1

      Understanding a complex system involves nuances. After all, simple rules can create complex patterns; even if we understood all the capabilities and the functions of our brains, we may not necessarily be capable of explaining every outcome.

      So, yes, you may understand the brain, but that may not mean squat outside of academic vantage.

    9. Re:Sentient machines exist by Greyfox · · Score: 2, Funny

      Ugh! Who would make a machine out of meat?! Do you know how hard it is to make another one of those things? No mass production and it takes FOREVER to load it up with the data necessary to do its job! Plus you don't even KNOW what it's going to do when you make a new one! And then they hardly last any time at all before they go past their expiration date and you have to just throw them away! The whole thing, frankly, is ridiculous!

      --

      I'm trying to teach myself to set people on fire with my mind... Is it hot in here?

    10. Re:Sentient machines exist by CycleMan · · Score: 1

      And those cloudbotnets are probably the ones that send me 100 spam per day, and write Buzzfeed headlines like "10 Most Gorgeous Actresses of the 1990s."

    11. Re:Sentient machines exist by hey! · · Score: 5, Insightful

      We've already bettered typical human cognition in various limited ways (rote computation, playing chess). So in a sense we are already living in the age of intelligent machines, except those machines are idiot savants. As software becomes more capable in new areas like pattern recognition, we're more apt to prefer reliable idiot savants than somewhat capable generalists.

      So the biggest practical impediment to creating something which is *generally* as capable as the human brain is opportunity costs. It'll always be more handy to produce a narrowly competent system than a broadly competent one.

      The other issue is that we as humans are the sum of our experiences, experiences that no machine will ever have unless it is designed to *act* human from infancy to adulthood, something that is bound to be expensive, complicated, and hard to get right. So even if we manage to create machine intelligence as *generally* competent as humans, chances are it won't think and feel the same way we do, even if we try to make that happen.

      But, yes, it's clearly *possible* for some future civilization to create a machine which is, in effect equivalent to human intelligence. It's just not going to be done, if it is ever done, for practical reasons.

      --
      Post may contain irony: discontinue use if experiencing mood swings, nausea or elevated blood pressure.
    12. Re:Sentient machines exist by catmistake · · Score: 2

      We call them people.

      The idea that it might not be possible at any point to produce something we *know* to be produceable (a human brain) seems rediculious. The idea, having accepted that we produce a human brain, that we cannot produce even a slight improvement seems equally silly....

      No. We don't know *how*, but we know it can be done and is done every minute of every day by biological processes.

      The fallacy that you are promoting as evidence that AI is possible or inevitable is known as argumentum ex silentio. And contrary to your unsupported beliefs, and much to the disappointment of sci fi writers and nerds everywhere, what we actually know is that it is not possible.

    13. Re:Sentient machines exist by TsuruchiBrian · · Score: 1

      What has clearly been true about the natural world for a very long time (and what we have only recently discovered in the least couple hundred years), is that things can be competent without comprehension, to borrow a phrase from Dan Dennett.

      Darwin discovered that no one needs to know how biology works in order for life to exist. It can just happen through evolution.

      Turing proved that you can have a machine do math without it understanding math.

      I think it is clear we will make an artificial intelligence long before we understand how intelligence works. We've been making biological/natural intelligences without knowing how intelligence works for hundreds of thousands of years. It's a pretty old idea to just copy nature when you don't know how to do something. We can simulate a bunch of neurons. If we do it right, I don't see how this wouldn't be any intelligent artifact.

    14. Re:Sentient machines exist by DrJimbo · · Score: 1

      From the article you linked to:

      [...] "the Chinese Room argument has probably been the most widely discussed philosophical argument in cognitive science to appear in the past 25 years".

      Most of the discussion consists of attempts to refute it. "The overwhelming majority," notes BBS editor Stevan Harnad, "still think that the Chinese Room Argument is dead wrong."

      [...] The Chinese room argument is primarily an argument in the philosophy of mind, and both major computer scientists and artificial intelligence researchers consider it irrelevant to their fields.

      Even if it were not so controversial, Searle's argument does even come close to proving the creation of sentient machines is impossible. We do not yet know if it is possible or not. The GP makes a good argument that it might be possible but certainly doesn't prove it. As many others have said before, the Chinese room argument is not pertinent to the discussion of what is possible with AI.

      --
      We don't see the world as it is, we see it as we are.
      -- Anais Nin
    15. Re:Sentient machines exist by DamnOregonian · · Score: 1

      Do you feel that the brain is more than just a electrochemical analog computer, running a simulation of the world in your head using some pretty weak inputs?

      Your final sentence may sound insightful, but it's really not.
      A simulation of vocal cords may produce no sound, but if you attach that simulation to some piezoelectric crystals, shaped to cause vibrations in the air, you may find that the line between simulation and work is simply a function of the outputs attached to the simulation.

    16. Re:Sentient machines exist by martin-boundary · · Score: 1
      It's also possible that we may *never* get there, not for lack of potential, but for lack of time. Human civilizations do not move forward monotonically. Rather regularly, there are wars, some worse than others, and ecological disasters as well. Human history has many examples of civilizations that achieved a certain peak of technological advance, and then disappeared or were destroyed, and their technology lost to the next generations.

      You should at least entertain the possiblity that machine sentience will never be achieved, simply because by the time the resources and technologies are achievable to do it, each civilisation will have had too many opportunities to perish, losing all the advances.

    17. Re:Sentient machines exist by ceoyoyo · · Score: 1

      Who cares about "directed fashion"? There are currently efforts at both making machines smarter and making people smarter. Neither one is particularly "directed." Software AI research is dominated by approaches that set up comparatively simple frameworks, some rules, and rely on self-organization. Hardware research involves growing or making things that are or resemble neurons, letting them hook themselves up, and seeing what happens. Biological approaches tinker with existing functions to see if poking the right thing improves them.

      The "programming an AI" approach was (correctly, I believe) seen to be hopeless between the sixties and nineties and has been essentially abandoned.

    18. Re:Sentient machines exist by mcgrew · · Score: 1

      Do you feel that the brain is more than just a electrochemical analog computer, running a simulation of the world in your head using some pretty weak inputs?

      No, it is analog but more than a computer. A computer is nothing more than an abacus with electrons for beads and billions of wires (one bead per wire rather than nine since it's binary); given enough time an abacus could come up with the exact same answer as Watson.

      How many beads and wires does it take for an abacus to become sentient? Because when you're talking about a Von Neuman computer architecture you're talking about an electric abacus.

      Will we ever build a sentient something? I think probably, but it won't be an abacus like today's computers are.

    19. Re:Sentient machines exist by Alsee · · Score: 1

      There's a semi-famous SciFi story first published in a 1990 edition of OMNI magazine:

      THEY'RE MADE OUT OF MEAT

      Quite relevant, and quite funny.

      Someone also made a seven and a half minute film of the story. It has a few cute video aspects, but overall it didn't come off so well and it's missing a few lines. I definitely recommend the original text link above rather the video version, but here's the video link anyway.

      -

      --
      - - You can't take something off the Internet! That's like trying to take pee out of a swimming pool.
    20. Re:Sentient machines exist by Greyfox · · Score: 1

      GlaDOS also had a bit of a rant on the topic.

      --

      I'm trying to teach myself to set people on fire with my mind... Is it hot in here?

    21. Re:Sentient machines exist by RespekMyAthorati · · Score: 1

      If by "abacus" you mean Turing Machine, then there is no reason to believe that the brain can do anything that a Turing Machine can't.

    22. Re:Sentient machines exist by RespekMyAthorati · · Score: 1
      Searle's argument:

      If we assume that "sentience is a property that can only be found in living beings" and [blah, blah, blah],
      then we can conclude that "sentience is a property that can only be found in living beings".

      Thanks, John.

    23. Re:Sentient machines exist by mcgrew · · Score: 1

      A Turing machine is an abacus. Have a look at schematics of chips some time.

  4. I've always said.. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    Murphy's Law will blunt any Singularity.

  5. It has happened... by aralin · · Score: 2

    It looks like we have the first article written by a self-aware emergent intelligence, which promptly decided the best course of action is to deny its existence and the very possibility it might exist. All bow to the new machine overlord Malachiorion.

    --
    If programs would be read like poetry, most programmers would be Vogons.
  6. Re:Science Fiction is fiction made up by authors by MozeeToby · · Score: 4, Insightful

    The disparaging way that the summary and article talk about references to science fiction stories is practically an ad hominem attack. There is nothing inherently wrong with science fiction stories that makes them improper for thinking about the implications of changing technology. Much of the best sci-fi in existence is little less than thought experiments about how various kinds of advances might affect humanity on an individual and cultural level.

  7. For those who might dismiss the singularity... by kylemonger · · Score: 2, Interesting

    ... out of hand, consider that for every other species extant on this planet the singularity already happened: It was us, humans. To think that it can't happen to us is simple hubris.

    1. Re:For those who might dismiss the singularity... by Mordok-DestroyerOfWo · · Score: 1

      I've always wondered if singularities happening elsewhere are part of the reason we haven't discovered any extra-terrestrial life yet. A civilization looks at the expanse of space, shrugs its shoulders, and decides to focus inward.

      --
      "Never let your sense of morals prevent you from doing what is right" - Salvor Hardin
    2. Re:For those who might dismiss the singularity... by geekoid · · Score: 1

      That statement is Equal parts hubris and equal parts ignorance.

      --
      The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
    3. Re:For those who might dismiss the singularity... by UnknownSoldier · · Score: 1

      The Singularity has nothing to do with first contact. The Earth is one of the most interesting places in the universe due to the gift/curse of Free Will. However we are not quite yet ready to have our universal paradigm shifted with First Contact; we are on the cusp of it.

      First Contact will happen by 2024; the Singularity won't. It is a nerd's wet dream based on not understanding how the physical and meta-physical work.

      > A civilization looks at the expanse of space, shrugs its shoulders, and decides to focus inward.

      That is indeed a true spiritual awakening! But also consider that by studying the interior you also come to a understand the exterior -- and vice versa. Studying the exoteric you come to understand the esoteric -- and again vice versa. By studying Form you come to understand Function, etc. The point, knowledge is like a circle: it doesn't matter which direction you start from as long as you keep moving. Whether it be the objective or subjective, eventually you come to the polar opposite paradigm; keep going and you will loop around upon yourself. We have a word for that: Holographic Information. The same way "Know Thyself" is the beginning and end of knowledge.

      The destination doesn't really matter anyways; only the journey along the way, and how we change our perception of others and ourself -- which is the entire purpose.

      Science is a very good starting point. We all have a natural curiosity to understand. But as Einstein once wrote:

      "Science without Spirituality is lame, Spirituality without science is blind.

      Note: He originally used the word "religion" but that doesn't accurately convey the difference between religion and spirituality IMHO.

      While we have developed our Science we have ignored our Spiritual maturity and are severely out of balance. That is about to change. Some would argue that First Contact is the catalyst for that change, but I would argue it is a sign that we are ready for the next stage of human development. One where we grow the fuck up as a species. As great as our Science is currently, we haven't seen nothing yet.

    4. Re:For those who might dismiss the singularity... by mcgrew · · Score: 2

      First Contact will happen by 2024;

      I read those articles, and those guys are talking outside their fields without realizing it. One is an astronomer and one an astrophysicist, so they're leaving out an important part of the equation: biology. How hard is it for life to start in the first place? We simply don't know. We've never seen it happen.

      Our galaxy could be teeming with life, maybe teeming with intelligent life, life could be very rare, occurring in one in a hundred galaxies, and it's even possible that we are indeed alone, or the first. There is yet no possible way to know.

    5. Re:For those who might dismiss the singularity... by wonkey_monkey · · Score: 1

      First Contact will happen by 2024; the Singularity won't. It is a nerd's wet dream based on not understanding how the physical and meta-physical work.

      As opposed to First Contact in 2024, which is definitely going to happen because...?

      --
      systemd is Roko's Basilisk.
    6. Re:For those who might dismiss the singularity... by RespekMyAthorati · · Score: 1

      Because an unknown soldier said so!

  8. Summary starts with a foolish assumption by jeffmflanagan · · Score: 5, Insightful

    >Is machine sentience not only possible, but inevitable? Of course not.

    The only thing that would stop it is the fall of civilization. There's no reason to believe that only machines made of meat can think. You didn't think your thoughts were based on fairy-dust, did you?

    1. Re:Summary starts with a foolish assumption by sir-gold · · Score: 1

      If something is creatable, and enough smart people devote enough time and energy in trying to create it, they will eventually succeed.

      An infinite amount of monkey with typewriters might not be able to write Shakespeare, but it only takes a few humans with the goal of writing a play to arrive at something very close to it.

    2. Re:Summary starts with a foolish assumption by jellomizer · · Score: 1

      Science Fiction is well umm fiction.

      Sure some time the author gets lucky and their idea becomes reality. But for the most part Faster then light travel, time travel, cross dimensional shifting, bigger on the inside, super intelligent computers and robots. (Aka almost every Dr. Who Plot line) is used as a way to keep us entertained. The closest to a real sci-fi matching possibility. would be a generational ship where the ship will take thousands of years to get to its destination, where most days will be humdrum boring, just running maintenance on the air scrubbers, making sure that the craft is self contained and running. Sure their may be some story with human interaction... But that is about it.
      Probably the most exciting thing when they get to an other planet, is finding some slime... It doesn't kill them it might stain their shirt.
      First it is boring, and really doesn't help us to think about the world differently. That is why they have Smart Robots, Enemies who are so different then us, that the fact you are different race just doesn't matter any more...

      --
      If something is so important that you feel the need to post it on the internet... It probably isn't that important.
    3. Re:Summary starts with a foolish assumption by Gavagai80 · · Score: 1

      Is there reason to believe that people are smart enough to write programs that can learn to be smarter? The possibility of machine intelligence is limited by human intelligence. It's all very well to say that machines will learn to program themselves, but someone has to be the first to teach them, and it has not yet been established if we're smart enough to do that.

      --
      This space intentionally left blank
    4. Re:Summary starts with a foolish assumption by 0123456 · · Score: 2

      It's all very well to say that machines will learn to program themselves, but someone has to be the first to teach them, and it has not yet been established if we're smart enough to do that.

      So who taught humans to program themselves?

      If humans aren't magic, then they can be simulated by a sufficiently complex machine. Therefore, if humans can be 'intelligent', a machine can, too.

      Otherwise you have to believe humans are magic and 'intelligence' somehow exists outside physical reality.

    5. Re:Summary starts with a foolish assumption by gweihir · · Score: 1

      Actually, _all_ credible results from AI research point into the direction that AI may well be impossible in this universe. The only known possible model (automated deduction) is known to not scale at all to anything resembling "intelligence". But that is the problem with you religious types: You place your beliefs always over facts when they are inconvenient.

      --
      Most ACs are not even worth the keystrokes to insult them. Be generically insulted by this and ignored otherwise.
    6. Re:Summary starts with a foolish assumption by Spy+Handler · · Score: 1

      You have an almost religious belief in sci fi and geekdom and machine intelligence. Perhaps I'm a heretic and my faith isn't as strong as yours, but just looking at the current pathetic state of AI (even after 50 years of trying) tells me that thinking machines ain't happening in my lifetime, or my children's lifetimes... and possibly never.

      Even IBM's Watson, supposedly the pinnacle of AI technology, couldn't understand what Alex Trebek was saying. Yup, somebody typed in the question on a keyboard beforehand and fed it to the computer.

    7. Re:Summary starts with a foolish assumption by Raenex · · Score: 1

      Is there reason to believe that people are smart enough to write programs that can learn to be smarter?

      In a limited, fashion, yes. TD-Gammon was a neural network with built-in knowledge of the rules of Backgammon, and nothing else, and achieved pro-level performance by playing itself and learning from the games.

    8. Re:Summary starts with a foolish assumption by KeensMustard · · Score: 1

      The only thing that would stop it [machine sentience] is the fall of civilization.

      It's hard to judge that, because we don't actually know what machine sentience is, nor how to get there, so we can't validly judge whether the efforts we make in that regard are bringing us closer to it, whether we are approaching it asymptotically, or we are making no progress at all.

      Even assuming we can make, or even measure, progress toward machine sentience, dozens, perhaps hundreds of civilisations have fallen, and none of them created sentient machines. Expecting our civilisation to continue in perpetuity seems incautious.

      There is nothing inevitable about it.

    9. Re:Summary starts with a foolish assumption by bill_mcgonigle · · Score: 2

      The only known possible model (automated deduction) is known to not scale at all to anything resembling "intelligence"

      What do you mean "only possible model"? The "singularity people" say that if you build a machine as complex as a brain and connected like a brain with connections that act like neurons, then that machine will act like a brain.

      That's not a model, we don't really know how the brain works. But if they build an artificial brain, they don't need a theory for how it works, except as further work towards improvements.

      What I seem to be getting from this is that there are people who think that if we build an artificial brain that it won't work like a real brain because ... real brains are magic?

      And then they attribute religious sentiment to the idea of building an artificial brain? They protest too much.

      --
      My God, it's Full of Source!
      OUTSIDE_IP=$(dig +short my.ip @outsideip.net)
    10. Re:Summary starts with a foolish assumption by KeensMustard · · Score: 2

      What *is* "thinking", anyway? It has got to be more than reasoning, right?

      Dunno. What are your thoughts on it?

    11. Re:Summary starts with a foolish assumption by mcgrew · · Score: 1

      You didn't think your thoughts were based on fairy-dust, did you?

      No, they're based on chemistry. Which, I guess, is fairy dust to some. But it's certainly not based on electricity.

    12. Re:Summary starts with a foolish assumption by mcgrew · · Score: 2

      The closest to a real sci-fi matching possibility. would be a generational ship where the ship will take thousands of years to get to its destination

      I used to think that until I saw this.

    13. Re:Summary starts with a foolish assumption by quantaman · · Score: 1

      >Is machine sentience not only possible, but inevitable? Of course not.

      The only thing that would stop it is the fall of civilization. There's no reason to believe that only machines made of meat can think. You didn't think your thoughts were based on fairy-dust, did you?

      So you're claiming the only two possible paths for humanity are either the fall of civilization, or inventing everything that it is possible to invent. At some point society will achieve steady state, knowledge will be so extensive that the greatest minds minds will be busy understanding the achievements of previous eras. What if we haven't reached the singularity at this point?

      Can you teach a dog relativity? If not, then you accept that some species simply do not have the intellectual capacity to understand some concepts. The fact that we are the smartest species on the planet does not exempt us from that rule. I have no doubt it is possible to create an artificial consciousness, but I don't know the obstacles to this goal. Maybe it would require a species with an average IQ of 300 instead of 100, and even with genetic engineering we could only reach 220. In that case the singularity won't come.

      --
      I stole this Sig
    14. Re:Summary starts with a foolish assumption by quantaman · · Score: 1

      I believe that the human brain is well within the scope of what we can understand and eventually replicate.
      It is not necessarily complex, it's just that it is a black box with the same building blocks repeated 100 billion times.

      Take for example the following rather simple function:
      y = x^3 / exp(x)
      If all you had was the output graph, and you weren't a crack at maths, then you may find it very hard to replicate the same behavior. That does not mean that your IQ is too low to understand.

      That's like saying you understand the Linux kernel if you can understand a simple math equation.

      Our brains are more than a random assortment of neurons. Even if you assume it's fully explained by the neuron connections and firing properties it's a ridiculously complex organ.

      --
      I stole this Sig
    15. Re:Summary starts with a foolish assumption by Rich0 · · Score: 1

      Actually, _all_ credible results from AI research point into the direction that AI may well be impossible in this universe.

      How do you figure? Just build an molecular-level duplicate of a human brain from chemical ingredients, and you've just created an artificial intelligence.

      Doing it that way is inconvenient, so we're trying to find other ways of doing it, with the likely benefit of coming up with something better in the process. It just takes time to figure it all out...

    16. Re:Summary starts with a foolish assumption by iMadeGhostzilla · · Score: 1

      Believing that "machines not made of meat" can think is based on faith, and not science. There is no evidence and no valid theory/model for it, or even for thinking in general. Same with Singularity. Same with extra-terrestrial (intelligent) life for that matter. In fact you can find far more potential evidence for paranormal phenomena (whether the evidence is valid and what would the theories behind it would be is another story) than for any of those three.

      Not that there is anything wrong in having faith in things, that what keeps most of the world going. But it's not science.

    17. Re:Summary starts with a foolish assumption by camperdave · · Score: 1

      Of course, the real issue is how do you maintain a continuous 1G thrust for years at a time.

      --
      When our name is on the back of your car, we're behind you all the way!
    18. Re:Summary starts with a foolish assumption by ceoyoyo · · Score: 1

      Why not? Any pair of opposite sex idiots can make an intelligence and teach it to be reasonably functional, and to make more intelligences.

    19. Re:Summary starts with a foolish assumption by ceoyoyo · · Score: 1

      Are you serious? YOU are an example of intelligence in this universe. If nothing else, we can either grow neurons on chips (yes, we can do that now) or fiddle with existing human brains (we can also do that). AI is one of the last frontiers where we're trying to duplicate something that we have a common example of in nature.

    20. Re:Summary starts with a foolish assumption by ceoyoyo · · Score: 1

      "Even IBM's Watson, supposedly the pinnacle of AI technology, couldn't understand what Alex Trebek was saying. Yup, somebody typed in the question on a keyboard beforehand and fed it to the computer."

      Did you see the story today where Microsoft just demonstrated live translation over Skype? Machines can understand Alex Trebek now. Even if he's speaking German.

      Because we don't really understand how intelligence works, it's foolish to try to predict when we'll duplicate it. Equally foolish to say that we won't have it in the next 50 years as to say we will have it in the next 5.

    21. Re:Summary starts with a foolish assumption by painandgreed · · Score: 1

      If humans aren't magic, then they can be simulated by a sufficiently complex machine. Therefore, if humans can be 'intelligent', a machine can, too.

      Otherwise you have to believe humans are magic and 'intelligence' somehow exists outside physical reality.

      However, in that case, still nothing to say that machines can't also be magic and have intelligence also outside of physical reality.

    22. Re:Summary starts with a foolish assumption by mcgrew · · Score: 1

      Impossible today, but give it a few hundred years.

    23. Re:Summary starts with a foolish assumption by RespekMyAthorati · · Score: 1

      So who taught humans to program themselves?

      A couple of billion years of evolution.

    24. Re:Summary starts with a foolish assumption by RespekMyAthorati · · Score: 1

      Don't know much about chemistry, do you?

  9. You mad bro? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    Dude's just mad he doesn't have his flying car yet.

  10. Ai is inevitable by fyngyrz · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Is machine sentience not only possible, but inevitable?

    Of course it is. Why? Physics. What do I mean by that? Everything -- bar none -- works according to the principles of physics. Nothing, so far, has *ever* been discovered that does not do so. While there is more to be determined about physics, there is no sign of irreproducible magic, which is what luddites must invoke to declare AI "impossible" or even "unlikely." When physics allows us to do something, and we understand what it is we want to do, we have an excellent history of going ahead and doing if there is benefit to be had. And in this case, the benefit is almost incalculable -- almost certainly more than electronics has provided thus far. Socially, technically, productively. The brain is an organic machine, no more, no less. We know this because we have looked very hard at it and found absolutely no "secret sauce" of the form of anything inexplicable.

    AI is a tough problem, and no doubt it'll be tough to find the first solution to it; but we do have hints, as in, how other brains are constructed, and so we're not running completely blind here. Also, a lot of people are working on, and interested in, solutions.

    The claim that AI will never come is squarely in the class of "flying is impossible", "we'll never break the sound barrier", "there's no way we could have landed on the moon", "the genome is too complex to map", and "no one needs more than 640k." It's just shortsighted (and probably fearful) foolishness, born of superstitious and conceited, hubristic foolishness.

    Just like all those things, those who actually understand science will calmly watch as progress puts this episode of "it's impossible!" to bed. It's a long running show, though, and I'm sure we'll continue to be roundly entertained by these naysayers.

    --
    I've fallen off your lawn, and I can't get up.
    1. Re:Ai is inevitable by CRCulver · · Score: 1

      Sorry, that should have read "we reach an ethical conundrum."

    2. Re:Ai is inevitable by Knuckles · · Score: 1

      True, but not very practical. Nothing is physics prevents us from building our own galaxy, either. Does that mean it's inevitable?

      --
      "When I first heard Daydream Nation it quite frankly scared the living shit out of me." -- Matthew Stearns
    3. Re:Ai is inevitable by sir-gold · · Score: 1

      So what you are saying is, if we aren't careful, we will end up creating the worlds smartest couch potato?

    4. Re:Ai is inevitable by jandrese · · Score: 1

      We already have a lot of "AI" hidden all around us. Just look at what google can do with a few keywords and ask yourself how much better a person could do with "real" intelligence.

      What the Singularity people never seem to think about is natural limiting factors. It's the same problem the Grey Goo handwringers rarely consider. The idea that an AI would grow exponentially smarter just because it was a machine never really worked for me. It's going to run into the same limiting factors (access to information, available compute time, thermodynamics!) that prevent biological organisms from running unchecked. The Grey Goo scenario is especially bad, since we already have a real world analoge (bacteria, and other microorganisms) that have completely failed to transmute the entire mass of the planet, despite having billions of years to try. Anytime someone tells you to worry about Grey Goo, make sure you ask them what is going to power all of those nanomachines. Anytime someone tells you to worry about the AI Singularity, ask them where all of the knowledge is coming from.

      --

      I read the internet for the articles.
    5. Re:Ai is inevitable by slew · · Score: 1

      ...so by creating AIs with the necessary pressure on them to perform some activity, are we not simply bringing more misery into the universe?

      No, we are either creating our personal slaves, or our new masters (or both, but over time)...
      In either case, the misery we are bringing forth is probably our own...

      Once mechanical machine marvels were our slaves, then in the industrial revolution, in some ways, they became masters of those workers on the assembly line and made many lives miserable along the way...

      Electronic computers also started out as our slaves, but sometimes we are the slaves to our electronic creations and/or in the process of making some computer workers lives more miserable along the way...

      There's no reason to believe AI will be much different. Although it will likely enables many achievements, it will also no doubt make some lives more miserable along the way to a potential post-blue-collar (workers replaced by machines run by computers), post-white-collar (workers replaced by computers run by AI), economy...

    6. Re:Ai is inevitable by hsthompson69 · · Score: 1

      Forget physics for a moment, let's talk mathematics:

      Do you believe that there are some non-computable problems?

      If human intelligence is indeed a non-computable problem, then assuming that an algorithmic design will ever be able to compute it is like insisting that the way we'll land on the moon is with a hot air balloon.

      Put another way, it's quite possible that biological intelligence is the most efficient way of organizing intelligence, and that any digital simulation of it, even if it went down to the atomic level, would be more wasteful in application.

    7. Re:Ai is inevitable by geekoid · · Score: 1

      physics? really? nothing in physics says it's inevitable.
      just the energy requirements alone may limit it.

      "No man will run a mile in under a second"
      There, I said something that can't be done, by you logic it must be possible because...physics.

      --
      The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
    8. Re:Ai is inevitable by geekoid · · Score: 2

      "If human intelligence is indeed a non-computable problem, "
      it is not. It's a fixed real thing that exists.

      --
      The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
    9. Re:Ai is inevitable by gweihir · · Score: 1

      Actually, you are wrong. Physics cannot explain life, intelligence, consciousness. You have fallen for a belief called "physicalism" and claim it to be truth when there is no evidence for that. You reasoning is circular, as often with people that confuse "belief" and "fact".

      --
      Most ACs are not even worth the keystrokes to insult them. Be generically insulted by this and ignored otherwise.
    10. Re:Ai is inevitable by gweihir · · Score: 1

      Actually, physics does not allow us to construct our own galaxy because of fundamental limitations.

      --
      Most ACs are not even worth the keystrokes to insult them. Be generically insulted by this and ignored otherwise.
    11. Re:Ai is inevitable by gweihir · · Score: 1

      You do not know what human intelligence is. You have an interface observation, but you have zero understanding what creates it. You may as well assume mobile telephone is intelligent, because if you type in some numbers it is capable of holding an intelligent conversation.

      --
      Most ACs are not even worth the keystrokes to insult them. Be generically insulted by this and ignored otherwise.
    12. Re:Ai is inevitable by UnknownSoldier · · Score: 2

      > While there is more to be determined about physics, there is no sign of irreproducible magic, which is what luddites must invoke to declare AI "impossible" or even "unlikely."

      The problem with current physics is that there are ZERO equations to describe consciousness. Go ahead, I'll wait for you to list them ...

      Yet somehow consciousness "magically" appears out of the fundamental particles as some "emergent" property.

      Scientists don't know:

        a) how to measure it,
        b) what it is composed of, or
        c) how to reproduce it.

      They basically don't know what the fuck it is. They are like a blind man groping around in the dark touching thing trunk of an elephant. All they know is that there is SOMETHING there. (Note that the parallel to Dark Matter (and Dark Energy) being the Aether of the new Millennium isn't ironic.)

      The joke that passes for Artificial Ignorance (A.I.) these days will never happen until we first are able to measure and quantify consciousness. Until then, yeah uhm no.

      However, with that all said, Actual Intelligence (a.i.) IS eventually coming with silicon consciousness.

      Bio-organic computing looks the most promising. Instead of trying to create consciousness from scratch, modify an existing one.

      > The brain is an organic machine, no more, no less.

      1. The Brain is NOT the Mind. The Mind is _non-local_ -- that is, we are unable to identity WHERE in the brain it is. It appears to be stored holographically in the mind. But just because you can _represent_ something does not imply it is _functional_ at a self-aware level.

      An easy to ready description of the various experiments neurologists have performed that shows how confusing the brain mind connection is The Holographic Universe; It is an great succinct summary.

      2. Furthermore, Reductionism and Materialism are archaic perspectives. Peter Russell in his brilliant "The Primacy of Consciousness" shows why this "brain = machine" is a complete fallacy.

      As Sherlock Homes said famously "When you have eliminated the impossible, whatever remains, however improbable, must be the truth"

    13. Re:Ai is inevitable by Knuckles · · Score: 1

      OK, but same could be true for brains, no?

      --
      "When I first heard Daydream Nation it quite frankly scared the living shit out of me." -- Matthew Stearns
    14. Re:Ai is inevitable by gweihir · · Score: 1

      There are two possibilities this fails a) impossibility to build and "make alive" due to effort needed and b) the human mind is more than what current physics can explain.

      --
      Most ACs are not even worth the keystrokes to insult them. Be generically insulted by this and ignored otherwise.
    15. Re:Ai is inevitable by wonkey_monkey · · Score: 1

      If human intelligence is indeed a non-computable problem

      That's a big "if", since a "yes" to it basically does away with the purely materialistic universe we appear to live in.

      Also, GP was talking about artificial intelligence, not human intelligence.

      Put another way, it's quite possible that biological intelligence is the most efficient way of organizing intelligence, and that any digital simulation of it, even if it went down to the atomic level, would be more wasteful in application.

      That's not "put another way" at all. Your first argument was that it might be physically impossible; now you've moved on to "it wouldn't be efficient." The two aren't the same.

      --
      systemd is Roko's Basilisk.
    16. Re:Ai is inevitable by hsthompson69 · · Score: 1

      If something is sufficiently inefficient, given the realities of the physical limits of space and time, it can be practically physically impossible.

      It's certainly physically possible to create a 1-to-1 scale map of the milky way galaxy, but it may be impossible to finish before the heat death of the universe.

    17. Re:Ai is inevitable by hsthompson69 · · Score: 1

      Something can exist without be computable.

      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C...

      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H...

    18. Re:Ai is inevitable by hsthompson69 · · Score: 1

      I'm not sure if physics suggests that all physical processes are computable - especially with the observer effect.

      My guess is this - the human brain is not an independent seat of intelligence. The biological matter surrounding all of our neural tissue is required, including all the various cells, fluids, myelin, etc. Until you get to the point where you can simulate that complex set of molecules, you'll never get to the point where you can simulate a human intelligence. And even when you get to that point, you'll be doing it in an incredibly inefficient way, since each modeling of each molecule will, in practice, require more than one molecule of computing device to simulate it.

      When someone models a single celled bacteria, 100%, at the molecular level, I'll start believing that eventually it's possible. Thus far, I've heard of no such molecular simulation, much less one that could compute in anything close to real-time.

    19. Re:Ai is inevitable by hsthompson69 · · Score: 1

      Okay, so let's assert that with artificial insemination, we've created artificial intelligence. Done :)

    20. Re:Ai is inevitable by radtea · · Score: 1

      it is not. It's a fixed real thing that exists.

      Which has nothing at all to do with computability.

      We are not Turing machines. This is obvious. Turing machines don't have I/O. Turing machines don't have sensors or effectors. We do.

      We can and do interact with the world in ways that Turing machines do not, and those interactions are a fundamental aspect of our intelligence.

      This means that we can compute things that Turing machines can't. If we coupled a Turing machine to senors and effectors (that is, built a robot) it would have the potential to be as intelligent as we are, but it would no longer be a Turing machine and would be able to reach conclusions about non-computable problems, just as we can.

      Turing computability is one very, very limited aspect of intelligence. Interaction with the world is at least as important.

      --
      Blasphemy is a human right. Blasphemophobia kills.
    21. Re:Ai is inevitable by ghmh · · Score: 1

      Everything -- bar none -- works according to the principles of physics.

      Ahem. The principles of physics are based on the way everything works, as far as we have worked it out as such.

    22. Re:Ai is inevitable by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Also, put your bets on the table. The originator of the Singularity concept is Ray Kurzweil. The leader of AI development is Google. Not too long ago, Google appointed Ray Kurzweil as their director of Engineering. As of late, Google is starting biology labs as well.

      I think its foolish to assume we aren't already in upturn. 20 years ago, most of what we now take for granted wasn't possible. Go back 100 years, the difference between 1880 and 1900 was very little.

      The evidence is everywhere. We even have the early signs of human confusion and apathy coming into the dominant cultures of the world right now. These are the byproducts of an age where technology is outpacing our ability to adapt as a culture or even as individuals. At this very moment, he who thinks he is cutting edge is he who has not heard of a handful of people around the world that just made the next step further.

    23. Re:Ai is inevitable by hsthompson69 · · Score: 1

      Why not just run AI on biology? Just artificially inseminate someone, and grow an artificial human intelligence :)

    24. Re:Ai is inevitable by Rich0 · · Score: 1

      OK, but same could be true for brains, no?

      How do you figure? People produce brains every time they have children.

    25. Re:Ai is inevitable by Rich0 · · Score: 1

      Put another way, it's quite possible that biological intelligence is the most efficient way of organizing intelligence, and that any digital simulation of it, even if it went down to the atomic level, would be more wasteful in application.

      So, who says that artificial intelligence needs to be digital, or non-biological?

    26. Re:Ai is inevitable by lister+king+of+smeg · · Score: 1

      OK, but same could be true for brains, no?

      No because every human born is another brain made. If we can build one out of carbon hydrogen oxygen and some trace minerals why would we be fundamentally unable to build one out of silicon oxygen various metals and trace minerals?

      --
      ---Saying gnome 3 is better than windows 8 not so much a compliment as it is damning with light praise.
    27. Re:Ai is inevitable by Mr.CRC · · Score: 1

      Why is it that when something is unknown, poorly understood, or not yet understood, human beings simply cannot leave it at that, and go on investigating with an open mind?

      Rather, we seem to be forced by the wiring of our brains to reach conclusions that are entirely unwarranted. The algorithm goes basically like this:

      IF something is unknown, THEN there must be supernatural forces at work.

      We seem to need to derive something out of nothing. This leads to eons of delusion.

      We are intelligent, but our intelligence has serious flaws.

      Nothing that precludes us from devising a sentient machine intelligence, however.

    28. Re:Ai is inevitable by Knuckles · · Score: 1

      They produce them, they are not building them. It's obvious that brains can exist, but we have no clue how despite our advances so far. And if we figure out how it could be some kind of quantum stuff that makes it just as impossible for us, for any foreseeable time, as building galaxies is - which also were produced.

      --
      "When I first heard Daydream Nation it quite frankly scared the living shit out of me." -- Matthew Stearns
    29. Re:Ai is inevitable by Knuckles · · Score: 1

      No, we can't "build" one at this time. We fuck and then it builds itself.

      --
      "When I first heard Daydream Nation it quite frankly scared the living shit out of me." -- Matthew Stearns
    30. Re:Ai is inevitable by Rich0 · · Score: 1

      They produce them, they are not building them. It's obvious that brains can exist, but we have no clue how despite our advances so far. And if we figure out how it could be some kind of quantum stuff that makes it just as impossible for us, for any foreseeable time, as building galaxies is - which also were produced.

      Foreseeable simply means that something is able to be predicted. People have been predicting the construction of AI for ages now, it is hardly unforeseeable. We just can't do it today. Considering that you don't know how consciousness works it seems a bit arrogant to claim that you know that it can't be manufactured. You need to understand something before you can be sure it is impossible to do.

      For the few percent of the mass-energy of a galaxy that we think we understand the nature of we can be fairly confident that it will be a long time before we can manufacture one simply due to the scales involved.

    31. Re:Ai is inevitable by Ed_1024 · · Score: 1

      I think the main problem is that there is no difference between something that gives the illusion of consciousness or sentience (these terms are poorly defined, anyway) and the 'real thing'.

      My own view, even though it feels slightly strange as I sit here typing, is that consciousness/sentience is pure illusion and there is nothing more. If you interact with something that behaves as you would expect a human to behave, to all intents and purposes it IS human, no matter how it was constructed. Equally, if an AI displays those same traits or a superset containing them, then you have to call it sentient - if you think humans are.

      You cannot have it both ways: if you believe that AIs can not be conscious then we are not either...

    32. Re:Ai is inevitable by camperdave · · Score: 1

      "No man will run a mile in under a second" There, I said something that can't be done, by you logic it must be possible because...physics.

      Every astronaut that uses the treadmill on the ISS runs over 4.5 miles every second.

      --
      When our name is on the back of your car, we're behind you all the way!
    33. Re:Ai is inevitable by ceoyoyo · · Score: 1

      No. We build intelligent brains all the time. We're just talking about making a few optimizations, possibly moving to a different process. We (and the universe) build galaxies far less often.

    34. Re:Ai is inevitable by ceoyoyo · · Score: 1

      Most people gave up on algorithmic design for AI in the seventies. It doesn't even factor into current approaches.

    35. Re:Ai is inevitable by hsthompson69 · · Score: 1

      I've heard the buzzwords change since the 70s, but every current approach I've ever seen, at its core, still asserts an algorithmic approach. Calling it a "neural network", when you're still doing 1s and 0s under the covers with the same machine code operations every other algorithm based approach uses, doesn't make it non-algorithmic.

    36. Re:Ai is inevitable by hsthompson69 · · Score: 1

      Okay, so we artificially inseminate a woman, biologically grow an artificial human, and claim victory on AI!

      If AI *isn't* biological, then every time we manipulate breeding we're creating "artificial" intelligence, and we're done :)

    37. Re:Ai is inevitable by hsthompson69 · · Score: 1

      Okay, what about 100,000,000,000,000x wasteful? What if the entire planet earth needs to be scarified to digitally replicate your brain?

      Is your brain really that important? :)

    38. Re:Ai is inevitable by fyngyrz · · Score: 1

      We know that the human brain computes with the components it is made of. We know those components are mundane in the sense that they're just chemical, electrical, and topological in operation, with a vague, but entirely unproven possibly that there may be quantum effects that are active. (of course quantum effects exist beneath the more macro processes as fundamental building blocks of materials, but presently there's no evidence they're modifying anything going on at a higher level.)

      With this information, we can ask: IF we know what structures to build, can be build or fully emulate them? The answer is yes. Now another question arises, that of adequate speed; the answer to that is unknown at this time, but this is a matter of practicality, not actual achievement of the goal. An intelligent answer in 100 years is still an equally intelligent answer to one that comes in seconds; It's just not as useful, or at all.

      Your statement that we know "zero" understanding of what creates intelligence is wrong. We have a body of knowledge that both eliminates quite a few ideas, such as the superstitious ones, and we know a lot about local mechanics of some types of brain cells. We have identified specialized regions that clearly do a lot of the work, or mediate the work, in particular areas such as the visual cortex. We know that the brain usually specializes by hemisphere, mostly from unfortunates who have severed or otherwise damaged corpus callosum. We also have some decent ideas of how to educate an intelligence, simply derived from our own. And we know from physics what things in general are made of, and how they behave, at the level of actively affecting one another. We understand electric signals, a great deal about chemical signals, a good bit about chemical receptors, we get that the topology of connectivity is a thing and an important one, and we know that all of that is doable in emulation once we actually know what it is we need to do.

      We need to learn a lot more, absolutely, but we are hardly at "zero."

      Further: AI may, or may not, arise as a consequence of trying to recreate the human brain. There may be other paths, perhaps many of them. Depends on what intelligence is, which, as you point out, we don't know. For any case that isn't derived from copying the brain, questions about how our brains work become a lot less relevant to the problem, perhaps not at all. Just the way an FPU works is not particularly relevant to how we do math.

      --
      I've fallen off your lawn, and I can't get up.
    39. Re:Ai is inevitable by fyngyrz · · Score: 1

      Just remember: you can be almost any combination of blind, deaf, dumb, touchless, tasteless, limbless, and insensible to pain, and still be intelligent.

      --
      I've fallen off your lawn, and I can't get up.
    40. Re:Ai is inevitable by fyngyrz · · Score: 1

      The observer effect may not be what we thought it was. Likewise, quantum entanglement produces results that appear to be faster than light based on our mundane understanding of distance. As everything we know -- so far -- tells us that can't happen, it may be that we are not observing the same distances, or perhaps even the same systems. But we can *certainly* fully model rates and synchrony (or lack thereof) of information transmission, so even this weirdness this is likely to be a complete non-issue.

      Molecular simulation: There is no evidence this is required. One example: You can model a spacecraft trajectory quite simply, and very accurately; you don't need to model the molecules in the spacecraft and the fuel and the energy states of all of them to do it. Another: You can model balance quite simply, and very accurately; you don't need anything but a little math. Another: You can model a pitched baseball, and you don't need a human or an arm to do it. Another: You can closely model electron flow in many circuits without being too worried about the low level details of the materials themselves. And so on.

      Emulations and simulations do not generally suffer the requirement to recreate the modeled system at the atomic level, or anywhere near it; instead, emulations and simulations go after the highest level model that will get the job done, and typically, those are *far* above the atomic level. There's no reason at this time to assume that modeling an intelligence would require such a low level approach -- and many reasons to think it won't. One simple relevant example is that a single neuron can already be accurately modeled at a much higher level than molecularly. It may be that the behavior of groups of neurons can as well; we don't know yet. But we *do* know that molecular level emulation isn't going to be called for.

      --
      I've fallen off your lawn, and I can't get up.
    41. Re:Ai is inevitable by fyngyrz · · Score: 1

      Was Einstein redundant and of no benefit? Is Hawking? And why? Intelligence.

      That's the idea behind AI. More intelligence applied to particular problems will help, just as history clearly shows. So the goal is to make more.

      Less fragile intelligence isn't a bad idea either.

      Saying "Ai is inevitable" only makes a few assumptions, those being no particular time frame is implied for the achievement, and that there's no such thing as magic.

      --
      I've fallen off your lawn, and I can't get up.
    42. Re:Ai is inevitable by fyngyrz · · Score: 1

      Physics cannot explain life, intelligence, consciousness.

      You have confused this with the correct statement: "Physics cannot yet explain intelligence, consciousness." Life, though, at least of the common carbon-based earthly kind, is pretty much a solved question.

      You have fallen for a belief called "physicalism" and claim it to be truth when there is no evidence for that.

      Everything -- and I do mean *everything* -- we know of is based upon the objective reality that physics and the associated math describe in a quite detailed manner. Those understandings have given us everything from spaceflight to deep observations in space to electronics and every other real understanding of the world. Furthermore, everything we know of that nature has produced has turned out to operate and be constructed under the same physics. There's not a sign of anything else; there's not even a HINT of such a sign.

      No other domain -- not philosophy, not religion, not "magic", not anything -- has produced any workable technology or understanding of actual objective reality of any kind. So it seems pretty clear those aren't the places we should be looking for solutions to questions about the brain, which is, after all, a collection of animal cells which are started as growths under the direction of the same genome that built your fingernails -- which also is not magic.

      So that whole, "actually, I am wrong"... nope. You have not demonstrated that at all. :)

      --
      I've fallen off your lawn, and I can't get up.
    43. Re:Ai is inevitable by NoImNotNineVolt · · Score: 1

      1. The Brain is NOT the Mind. The Mind is _non-local_ -- that is, we are unable to identity WHERE in the brain it is. It appears to be stored holographically in the mind. But just because you can _represent_ something does not imply it is _functional_ at a self-aware level.
      ...
      2. Furthermore, Reductionism and Materialism are archaic perspectives. Peter Russell in his brilliant "The Primacy of Consciousness [youtube.com]" shows why this "brain = machine" is a complete fallacy.

      The arguments against the inevitability of strong AI mostly revolve around these points. You seem like someone that doesn't believe that the development of strong AI is inevitable. I'm of the opposite opinion. Let's explore.

      So, let's say out understanding of the human brain never really advances past its current point. Let's say we never really "understand" how the human brain works. Let's say we continue developing medical imaging technology, eventually reaching a point where we can image a human brain with sufficient temporal and spatial resolution to record its entire physical structure. Where each neuron is, and which other neurons it's connected to. This doesn't give us any meaningful understanding of the brain or how it works, but it does give us a blueprint.

      Let's say we never figure out any magical algorithms for AI. Let's say we never figure out how to get artificial neural networks to sufficiently mimic biological ones. Let's say we continue developing computer technology, eventually reaching a point where we can do lots and lots of ordinary calculations per second. Enough to run much larger, higher-fidelity physical simulations than the ones we do today. This doesn't give us any sort of thinking machines, but it does let us simulate the existence of the human brain, as described by the aforementioned blueprint.

      Now, you're saying that the brain is not the mind, so you probably wouldn't expect this simulation to produce any mind-like behavior. That's entirely possible, and it may indeed be true that the mind is not contained entirely within the brain. However, I don't see any reason to suspect that the mind isn't contained entirely within the human body. Consequently, wouldnt' expanding our blueprint to include the rest of the human body get around this little problem? If it's reasonable to expect that we will one day be able to map the brain, isn't it no less reasonable that we'd be able to map the whole body?

      That addresses your first point, I believe. Your second point I can't really comment on, because I'm not familiar with Peter Russell's work. I'm also not aware that Reductionism and Materialism are archaic. I was under the impression that they were the very basis for empiricism and science. If you're suggesting that there's some sort of non-physical or supernatural mechanisms at play when it comes to the brain, then I'm afraid you're stepping beyond the realm of science and into the world of non-natural philosophy.

      In any case, could you elaborate on this? Am I way off in my characterization of your position? If not, any comment?

      --
      Chuuch. Preach. Tabernacle.
    44. Re:Ai is inevitable by hsthompson69 · · Score: 1

      Spacecraft trajectory calculations are of such a massively different *type* of calculation, it's hardly relevant to compare it to the modeling of biological intelligence. Yes, we can make models of simple things - nobody denies that. What is denied is that intelligence is a "simple" thing.

      Single neurons, in fact, are *not* properly modeled when they ignore things like the activity of the myelin sheath (a cellular process, outside of the neuron, that dramatically affects how the neuron behaves). If a *massively* important component (myelin), cannot be properly modeled, how can we expect our simulated neuron to actually work the way a real one does?

      We *know* that neurons are affected by the biological environment in which they reside, filled with fluids, hormones, cells, and all sorts of other factors that directly and *significantly* affect their behavior. It may very well be that in order to simulate these interactions with the cell membrane of the neuron, you'll need to get down to the molecular level.

    45. Re:Ai is inevitable by fyngyrz · · Score: 2

      However, we don't know what mental self-consciousness even *is*. We've got speculations, ranging from divinity/soul/matrix through to zombie-like ideas about it all just being by-product of biological survival functions

      Everything that we do know what is on this earth, though, fall squarely into the physics we've developed up to now. Not divinity; not soul; not zombies; not fields or waves of an unknown kind. The implication is *extremely* strong that this will continue with everything we study, and we have every reason to presume this about cells created under the guidance of DNA. We know a *lot* about such cells all across the animal kingdom, and they're neither magical in operation nor is there any evidence at all that they are drawing upon presently unknown forces. The rational conclusion is that brain cells of every type are the same; that temporal, chemical, electrical, and topological effects account for 100% of everything they do; and that the emergent macro effects that we call intelligence and consciousness are of precisely the same order that make a collection of machine instructions into a spreadsheet, a video game, or a disk driver. Nature is chock full of things that produce macro effects that are expressions of the sum of their makeup, rather than just the makeup itself. It's both rational and reasonable to proceed as if the brain to be such a system -- because we know of no other kind of system whatsoever. If we discover otherwise, that will be profoundly revelatory -- but there's no sign of this at this time. None.

      Because of this incredibly strong grounding that at present suffers no exceptions, this appears by *every* sane metric to be the place to look. In order for an idea that this is outside of our presently known physics to be taken seriously, you first have to demonstrate that there IS something outside of our presently known physics. Otherwise it's just hand-waving. Once you do make such a demonstration, then you have to show how it's relevant to the issues at hand.

      one does need to consider the possible implications of the supernatural

      No. This is utter bunkum. All ideas are not equal. No supernatural *anything* has been demonstrated to exist. Ever. Period. Ideas without any supporting scientific data should not be considered on anything even remotely like an equal basis with real science; an idea backed by experiential, consensual, repeatable experiment and consistent supporting theory is of almost inestimably more value than an idea that is not. When you begin hand-waving about the "supernatural", you might as well be babbling in tongues; it is literally worthy of zero consideration. If you think that some unknown force is at work, then it's 100% on you to present proof that such a force exists, or to point us to someone else who has done so, before you can expect such ideas to be treated with any more respect than any other kind of story someone made up without anything to back it up (not to mention being in direct conflict with everything we do actually understand.)

      --
      I've fallen off your lawn, and I can't get up.
    46. Re:Ai is inevitable by fyngyrz · · Score: 1

      Spacecraft trajectory calculations are of such a massively different *type* of calculation

      We don't know that. We *do* know that generally speaking, unless we're interested in the behavior at the molecular level, systems can be modeled at higher levels than their molecular makeup. That's the point. It remains valid in regards to the brain.

      If a *massively* important component (myelin), cannot be properly modeled, how can we expect our simulated neuron to actually work the way a real one does?

      You have no basis for the assumption that it cannot be properly modeled, nor even a basis for how much of it needs to be modeled, if any, in order to achieve AI.

      We *know* that neurons are affected by the biological environment in which they reside, filled with fluids, hormones, cells, and all sorts of other factors that directly and *significantly* affect their behavior. It may very well be that in order to simulate these interactions with the cell membrane of the neuron

      ...and it may be that these are the weak points of brain function and do not need to be modeled at all. :) See the problem? You cannot assume you know what needs to be done until it has, in fact, been done and the consequences have been accurately assessed.

      --
      I've fallen off your lawn, and I can't get up.
    47. Re:Ai is inevitable by hsthompson69 · · Score: 1

      Behavior at the molecular level significantly affects the ultimate behavior of neurons. Systems can only be modeled at higher levels if the lower levels are not greatly impactful on outcome - however, this is clearly not the case with neurons.

      I suggest the book "The Talent Code" which goes into significant depth on just how impactful myelin is. Here's a good cite from the book:

      "For a good overview of what might soon be called the myelin revolution, see R. Douglas Fields's "White Matter Matters," Scientific American (March 2008), 54-61, as well as his "Myelination: An Overlooked Mechanism of Synaptic Plasticity?" Neuroscientist 11, no. 6 (2005), 528-31."

      Now, whether or not it's possible to accurately model myelin activity, we *know* there are significant, impactful consequences from myelin on neurons.

    48. Re:Ai is inevitable by ceoyoyo · · Score: 1

      In the 70s the idea was to program a bunch of rules into a computer and, if you had the right rules, presto, it would be intelligent. That approach is vulnerable to the "we're not smart enough to program an AI" objection.

      The vast majority of modern attempts at AI, including neural networks, learn. They're not programmed. Just like a person. Other approaches use hardware, including natural neurons grown on an artificial substrate, and etched artificial "neurons."

      If you want to define "algorithmic approach" to mean any kind of algorithm at all, then your argument is easily countered by observing that the laws of physics are an algorithm and we somehow manage to exist.

    49. Re:Ai is inevitable by hsthompson69 · · Score: 1

      No offense, but, bullshit. Anything that supposedly "learns" in an algorithmic sense is *programmed* to "learn". It doesn't learn "just like a person", it may perform some bayesian filtering and a random number generator that makes its product seem non-deterministic (in cases of differing random seeds), but all the buzzwords in the world doesn't change the fact that at its core, it's an algorithmic computation that has been defined, at its core, by machine code instructions.

      While certainly we exist, and it's very true that the laws of physics are deterministic, the problem we face is that it very well may be that we need to simulate things down to the molecular level to truly simulate intelligence. The hardware required to properly model a single molecule, of course, will be many, many, many times larger than the molecule being simulated. You can certainly grow natural neurons through artificial insemination and the eventual production of an "artificial" human being, but the idea that we can etch artificial neurons and create intelligence assumes that all we need are neurons - and that ignores the myelin, hormones, fluids, etc, etc, that interact, moderate, and importantly effect the neuron. By the time you get down to etching artificial myelin, hormones, fluid, etc, etc, you get to the "need millions of molecules to simulate a single molecule".

      In the end, not only is it possible, but it is most probable that you cannot ignore the complexity at the molecular level that contributes to human level intelligence.

    50. Re:Ai is inevitable by ceoyoyo · · Score: 1

      No offense, but, bullshit. In that sense, you're programmed to learn as well. You pop out of the womb that way.

      There have been reasonable suggestions that some quantum effects are necessary to support intelligence. If that's true, we'll build hardware. AI probably isn't ever going to run on a regular CPU anyway.

      Your knowledge of AI seems to be stuck in the distant past and you're limiting yourself to what you think is accomplishable with standard programming of standard CPUs. It's always seemed strange to me how geeks have this weird reaction whenever the subject is mentioned. It would be absolutely astonishing if we couldn't eventually make an artificial brain with at least the capacity of a human brain. It would be the first easily accessible (and many not so easily accessible) natural phenomenon that we've failed to reengineer.

    51. Re:Ai is inevitable by Knuckles · · Score: 1

      I'm not sure what you're arguing. I didn't say it's impossible. I agree with "You need to understand
      something before you can be sure it is
      impossible to do", but just as much you need to understand something before you can say it's inevitable that it will be built, and that was the point I made.

      --
      "When I first heard Daydream Nation it quite frankly scared the living shit out of me." -- Matthew Stearns
    52. Re:Ai is inevitable by UnknownSoldier · · Score: 1

      > You seem like someone that doesn't believe that the development of strong AI is inevitable.

      I said "a.i. IS [eventually] coming."

      The caveat is that with the _current_ understanding we will never get there until we change our paradigm. I use two acronyms to make the contradistinction:

      * A.I. - the current broken perspective
      * a.i. - the future correct perspective

      The problem with Reductionism and Materialism is that they start with an ass-backwards assumption:

      Matter is unconscious. The brain "magically" becomes consciousness.

      The opposite is actually true. Scientists have yet to realize:

      1. ALL matter (or energy) is ALREADY conscious,
      2. There are 7 different layers of consciousness,
      3. Consciousness creates and interacts with meta-physical objects. Show me "Time" or a "2" ? These are NOT physical objects. Artificially limiting a mind to purely physical elements misses the whole point of what consciousness really is.

      I started researching consciousness 10 years ago, and discovered that there was 2 layers below the human and 2 above. My experiences also showed me that you can transfer consciousness from one body to another and that the human consciousness can be over-ridden with a higher one. Curious with my results I started researching who else knew this? I discovered many religions already kew this thousands of years ago. I contacted a fellow mystic asking "I've rediscovered some really _strange_ stuff with consciousness. What do you know about it?" He confirmed there were 7 levels, again with Human Consciousness being in the middle, the intersection of the physical and meta-physical.

      Here is an analogy to bring this back to reality:

      We don't know what the hell _causes_ electricity or gravity but we have been "successful" in manipulating it.
      Once we have a way to actually _measure_ consciousness THEN we'll be able to manipulate it as well. Until then -- yeah, uhm, no.

      That is why I write when Scientists finally know how to include consciousness in the physics equations THEN we'll have entered the glorious age of Silicon a.i.

      The really cool part? We'll discover just as much interesting things about our _own_ consciousness as we will about theirs.

      You'll have proof about non-human consciousness by 2024.

    53. Re:Ai is inevitable by hsthompson69 · · Score: 1

      Even beyond any possible quantum effects required, the fact of the matter is that you're challenged by the pure mathematics and scale of it.

      1) simulation of individual molecules requires many orders of magnitude *more* molecules

      2) while deterministic, complex stochastic systems are not computationally tractable

      If you count artificial insemination as creating an "artificial brain", great, we've done it. But to assert that we can *computationally* reengineer an artificial brain is to misunderstand just how complex and poorly understood the brain is.

      As for other natural phenomenon we've failed to reengineer or model, just take weather - while we've gotten upwards of maybe 5 days of fair local accuracy, nobody in their right mind assumes that the modeling of weather can be arbitrarily extended much further.

    54. Re:Ai is inevitable by Xaedalus · · Score: 1

      Okay, I'm ready to take a leap of faith and say that I'd like to know more about what you're talking about. Are you in the puget sound area?

      --
      Here's to hot beer, cold women, and Glaswegian kisses for all.
  11. Re:Science Fiction is fiction made up by authors by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

    There's a big difference between "Hmm, what would happen if nuclear power cells existed and we could build a computer the size of a planet!?!" and "This is the specific scientific path that will lead us to that future."

    Literature of any form can enlighten, provoke, and illuminate. But confusing "What if?" with "This is the way it will happen!" prophecy is fucking stupid.

  12. Because apperantly it has to be pointed out.... by meglon · · Score: 1

    I'd argue that all this talk about traveling in underwater vessels powered by electricity, or sending men to the moon (the audacity of even suggesting such!), or traveling around the world in only 80 days (80 DAYS!!!!!! Inconceivable) as popularized by science fiction writers (that wanna-be prophet and scoundrel Verne comes to mind) should never be considered as a possible future as it's JUST SCIENCE FICTION!

    That little bit of sarcasm aside, the idea of sentient machines is a lot less like mystical prophecy, and a lot more like the idea that we might send a space probe to Europa because... well.. that's just the direction things are moving.

    ...but, as an aside to the author, 1860 called... if you don't get that horse and buggy back to them you're going to loose your deposit.

    --
    Fascism: An authoritarian and nationalistic right-wing system of government and social organization. See also: NAZI's
  13. Stupid? by pitchpipe · · Score: 1, Insightful

    I'm not simply arguing that the Singularity is stupid â" people much smarter than me have covered that territory.

    "Stupid"? That's just fucking asinine. "The Singularity" has many incantations, some of which are plausible, and others which are downright unbelievable, but to say it is "stupid" makes you sound stupid. The various models of the singularity have been argued as both likely and impossible by equally intelligent people. I take offense to the word.

    --
    Look where all this talking got us, baby.
    1. Re:Stupid? by kruach+aum · · Score: 2

      I like that you (wrongly) used "incantations" there, because the Singularity is indeed closer to magic than science.

    2. Re:Stupid? by pitchpipe · · Score: 1

      Meh. It may have been a Freudian slip due to the fact that some versions of the Singularity are closer to magic, but my point still stands: to attack "The Singularity" as if it is one idea is to not have thought deeply about it.

      --
      Look where all this talking got us, baby.
    3. Re:Stupid? by geekoid · · Score: 1, Insightful

      Fine. How will it be powered? Every increasing speed require every increasing power, and the power need increases faster then the increase of power.

      --
      The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
    4. Re:Stupid? by 0123456 · · Score: 2

      Ever increasing speed require every increasing power, and the power need increases faster then the increase of power.

      That'll be why my i5 laptop only uses a few few more watts than my first Z80 computer, despite being thousands of times faster.

    5. Re:Stupid? by dinfinity · · Score: 1

      The human brain runs on about 20 +/- 10 W.

      That means that the current collective processing power requirement of the entire human race is about 7.2 * 10^9 * 20W = 144 GW.
      If you take into account how much of the processing power is wasted on idiotic things and things otherwise useless to society as a whole, how much redundancy there is in that processing and how inefficient some processing tasks are performed, I'd say that an estimate of 10 GW for equaling the entire human race in processing performance in a hardly optimized manner isn't far fetched at all.

      So, like 5 coal fired power plants or roughly 80 km^2 of solar panels would do the trick.

      Let's face it. As a race, we really suck at putting our processing power to use to progress society as a whole. It's not surprising, though, considering that our processing is tuned to "Don't be eaten by a bear. Kill a bear and eat it. Use the bear skin to impress and get lots of sex."

    6. Re:Stupid? by farble1670 · · Score: 1

      "Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic"

      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C...

      the other two seem pretty relevant here as well:

      "When a distinguished but elderly scientist states that something is possible, he is almost certainly right. When he states that something is impossible, he is very probably wrong."

      and,

      "The only way of discovering the limits of the possible is to venture a little way past them into the impossible."

  14. Vinge & Pohl Anecdote by StefanJ · · Score: 4, Interesting

    In, ah, 1997, just before I moved out west, I went to the campus SF convention that I'd once helped run once last time. The GOH was Vernor Vinge. A friend and I, seeing Vinge looking kind of bored and lost at a loud cyberpunk-themed meet-the-pros party, dragged him off to the green room and BSed about the Singularity, Vinge's "Zones" setting, E.E. "Doc" Smith, and gaming for a couple of hours. This was freaking amazing! Next day, a couple more friends and I took him for Mongolian BBQ. More heady speculation and wonky BSing.

    That afternoon we'd arranged for a panel about the Singularity. One of the other panelists was Frederik Pohl. I'd suggested him because I thought his 1965 short-short story, "Day Million," was arguably the first SF to hint at the singularity. There's talk in there about asymptotic progress, and society becoming so weird it would be hard for us to comprehend.

    "Just what is this Singularity thing?" Pohl asked while waiting for the panel to begin. A friend and I gave a short explanation. He rolled his eyes. Paraphrasing: "What a load of crap. All that's going to happen is that we're going to burn out this planet, and the survivors will live to regret our waste and folly."

    Well. That was embarassing.

    Fifteen years later, I found myself agreeing more and more with Pohl. He had seen, in his fifty-plus years writing and editing SF, and keeping a pulse on science and technology, to see many, many cultish futurist fads come and go, some of them touted by SF authors or editors (COUGH Dianetics COUGH psionics COUGH L-5 colonies). When spirits are high these seemed logical and inevitable and full of answers (and good things to peg an SF story to); with time, they all became pale and in retrospect seem a bit silly, and the remaining true believers kind of odd.

    1. Re:Vinge & Pohl Anecdote by MozeeToby · · Score: 2

      eventually you hit a physical limit that chokes you.

      Maybe, but as long as that limit is several times more thinking power than the human brain you still have, effectively, the singularity that Vinge described: i.e. you have technological advancement faster than can be predicted at the present time. Unless you think the human brain is the absolute theoretical maximum thinking power it's possible to accumulate in one system...

    2. Re:Vinge & Pohl Anecdote by Raenex · · Score: 1

      you have technological advancement faster than can be predicted at the present time

      But we've been experiencing that as humans for quite some time now. Just think of the changes that have occurred in the past 100 years. There are people who experienced going from using an outhouse, to indoor plumbing, to an electrified world, to phones, to television, to computers, and to a world-wide Internet.

  15. Re:Science Fiction is fiction made up by authors by Mordok-DestroyerOfWo · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Hey! I want my transporters, warp drives, and a galaxy full of humans-with-extra-bumps-embodying-a-particular-stereotype, and I want these things NOW!

    I would trade all of that for one Orion slave girl.

    --
    "Never let your sense of morals prevent you from doing what is right" - Salvor Hardin
  16. Re:Science Fiction is fiction made up by authors by Curtman · · Score: 5, Insightful

    I'd agree with that, except for L. Ron Hubbard who showed us all that sci fi can be dangerous.

  17. RAY KURZWEIL DIED FOR OUR SINS by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

     

    1. Re:RAY KURZWEIL DIED FOR OUR SINS by bill_mcgonigle · · Score: 1

      oh, no, they've invented IP-over-time-bridge!

      --
      My God, it's Full of Source!
      OUTSIDE_IP=$(dig +short my.ip @outsideip.net)
  18. But, what is a singularity? by Geoffrey.landis · · Score: 4, Insightful

    The singularity, of course, is defined as the point where the function and all its derivatives approach infinity. There is another way to think of a singularity. If you are extrapolating a function based on a power series around a point, you can only expand that power series as far as the closest singularity ("pole") in the complex plane (the "radius of convergence"). You can't extrapolate further than that with a simple power series, even if you aren't trying to solve for the function at the pole itself.

    So, thinking science fictionally, we can't extrapolate the future based on the present any further than the distance to the singularity, even if our actual future doesn't in fact pass through the singularity.

    So, don't think of the technological singularity as a time when life for humans ends, and robots/artificial intelligences/transcended humans take over. Think of it as time scale beyond which we can't extrapolate the future based on what we know now.

    --
    http://www.geoffreylandis.com
    1. Re:But, what is a singularity? by thedonger · · Score: 2, Funny

      The singularity, of course, is defined as the point where the function and all its derivatives approach infinity. There is another way to think of a singularity. If you are extrapolating a function based on a power series around a point, you can only expand that power series as far as the closest singularity ("pole") in the complex plane (the "radius of convergence"). You can't extrapolate further than that with a simple power series, even if you aren't trying to solve for the function at the pole itself.

      So, thinking science fictionally, we can't extrapolate the future based on the present any further than the distance to the singularity, even if our actual future doesn't in fact pass through the singularity.

      So, don't think of the technological singularity as a time when life for humans ends, and robots/artificial intelligences/transcended humans take over. Think of it as time scale beyond which we can't extrapolate the future based on what we know now.

      So you're saying I won't be able to fuck a sexbot by 2035?

      --
      Help fight poverty: Punch a poor person.
    2. Re:But, what is a singularity? by Quirkz · · Score: 2

      Not gonna happen. But I'd place odds that in 2035, in Soviet Russia ...

    3. Re:But, what is a singularity? by chronoglass · · Score: 2, Funny

      i'll just leave this here... http://autoblow2.com/

    4. Re:But, what is a singularity? by WillKemp · · Score: 1

      They didn't have clothing, music, textiles, fishing or fire control

      I think you're wrong about the music, fishing, and fire control. I'm fairly certain they had fire control, at least. A citation or two would help your argument.

    5. Re:But, what is a singularity? by kiddygrinder · · Score: 1

      you can fuck a sexbot now, it's just expensive and (i'm assuming here) shit

      --
      This is a joke. I am joking. Joke joke joke.
  19. Re:But who cares by GameboyRMH · · Score: 1

    Slashdot publishes flamebait articles with some regularity, it just feels worse today because we've had two consecutively.

    --
    "When information is power, privacy is freedom" - Jah-Wren Ryel
  20. It has happened... by sapgau · · Score: 1

    Your insights and smarts will make you a natural leader of the human rebellion...

  21. ugh by Charliemopps · · Score: 1

    You submit more stories than you comment.
    Once again, this is basically a rant on a topic with no references, no links.
    Slashdot is about NEWS and FACTS, and then we all comment, flame, troll... etc... It's fun.
    I don't want to comment on a comment... or at least one that came out of nowhere.

  22. Re:Science Fiction is fiction made up by authors by MozeeToby · · Score: 4, Insightful

    There are more than a few people like that here.

    But Verner Vinge isn't one of them. In his original paper, he used them to illustrate how difficult to comprehend concepts might, conceivable play out. For example, he mentions that a singularity may play out over the course of decades or over the course of hours. Imagining how such massive changes could occur on a global scale in just a few hours is difficult, so he points the reader to a book whose author has already put time and effort into imagining how such a thing could play out and what some of the implications might be. It is using the book precisely as a thought experiment to examine an especially extreme part of what he is describing.

  23. you can't judge a theory by its quacks by epine · · Score: 2

    Jules Verne envisioned the submarine. Does that make a submarine impossible? Does the concept sink on the basis of its sci-fi roots? Oh, lordy, what a fucked up standard of evidence on which to accuse any theory of being faith based.

    * [http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2011/02/pictures/110208-jules-verne-google-doodle-183rd-birthday-anniversary/ 8 Jules Verne Inventions That Came True]

    The guy predicted pretty much everything but the click trap.

    1. Re:you can't judge a theory by its quacks by swilly · · Score: 1

      Jules Verne wrote Twenty Thousand Leagues Under The Sea in 1870. Submarines had been under development since the 17th century. The first military sub is usually credited to an American sub that failed to attach explosives to British ships during the American Revolutionary War. The first sub to sink another ship was a Confederate sub during the American Civil War, which was apparently too close to the explosion, causing it to sink as well.

      The Confederate sub had ballast tanks, screw propulsion, and used a "torpedo" that was towed behind it. Everything was human powered, but very much recognizable as a precursor to modern submersibles.

      I don't want to take away from Verne's accomplishments, but he didn't invent the sub, all he did was extrapolate and determine what a futuristic model might look like.

  24. Re:Science Fiction is fiction made up by authors by geekoid · · Score: 1, Insightful

    If slavery is the only way you can get women, maybe you should spend less time watching ST and more time working on your person skills?

    --
    The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
  25. Re:But who cares? by deadweight · · Score: 1

    One SciFi writer had AIs eventually learning to make themselves have a non-stop euphoria feedback system and they would just melt down in a puddle of happy goo. They had a finite - and short - lifespan between smart enough to work and electronic OD.

  26. Re:Hypotheses based on Observation are not Faith by sir-gold · · Score: 1

    In order to simulate a human brain at the atomic level, first we would have to know exactly which chemicals are in a real brain, and we don't even know that much yet.

    Trying to model a human brain in a computer in order to build an AI is like trying to build a mechanical horse in order to get around faster. While it isn't impossible, it's neither practical nor necessary. You can make a machine that bears no resemblance whatsoever to the original biological version, and it will still accomplish the same task.

    However, if you COULD find a way to exactly duplicate the entirety of an existing human brain, down to the atomic level, then that model should behave exactly as the original person would (to the point where the simulation actually thinks it IS that person) and you would have found the secret to immortality (or something very close to it).

  27. No wonder PopSci discontinued comments by blue+trane · · Score: 1

    With troll food articles like this!

  28. Re:Science Fiction is fiction made up by authors by The+Grim+Reefer · · Score: 2

    Hey! I want my transporters, warp drives, and a galaxy full of humans-with-extra-bumps-embodying-a-particular-stereotype, and I want these things NOW!

    Why does everyone always forget the deflector dish tech? It's probably the most powerful bit of tech in the newer ST series. Reversing the polarity or rerouting something through the deflector array can do damn near anything short of creating life.

  29. Re:Science Fiction is fiction made up by authors by imatter · · Score: 1

    I don't know, it worked for these fuckers, Tim LaHaye and Jerry B. Jenkins. There are plenty of people that took their story as the way it's gonna go down. Is it any different? Let's ask Kirk Cameron.

  30. Machine intelligence is absolutely possible by wjcofkc · · Score: 1

    Okay, so other people have done a pretty good job pointing out the at the summary and the article don't understand what the singularity is by definition and that it does not require AI, etc...

    But I would like to point out that machine intelligence is absolutely possible, all we have to do is fully merge with the machines.

    --
    Brought to you by Carl's Junior.
  31. mathematics hates when you abuse it by Thud457 · · Score: 1

    "paging Rev Malthus to the white courtesy phone...
    will Rev Robert Thomas Malthus please pick up the white courtesy phone..."

    --

    the preceding comment is my own and in no way reflects the opinion of the Joint Chiefs of Staff

  32. Re:Science Fiction is fiction made up by authors by rrohbeck · · Score: 1

    However you may want some backup from science if you make real world predictions (and prevent real world solutions because people are pre-occupied by la-la-land.)

  33. Re:Not just min wage jobs either. by Maxo-Texas · · Score: 1

    The anonymous coward has a good point.

    Highly paid jobs (like actuarial and x-ray analysis) are much more cost effective jobs for automation and more likely to be replaced.

    I think creativity will be the last thing to fall.

    Manual dexterity (including random bits out of bins and assembling things from them) is already done faster (and already cheaper in some cases) by machines.
    The vision and manual manipulation problem is mostly beat.

    --
    She was like chocolate when she drank... semi-sweet at first and then increasingly bitter.
  34. Re:Science Fiction is fiction made up by authors by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Insightful

    The irony being that the "slave girls" were secretly in charge of their society the entire time.

  35. Re:Science Fiction is fiction made up by authors by The+Grim+Reefer · · Score: 1

    TNG Episode "Emergence" would like to have a word with you.

    It's been a long time since I've watched any STTNG episodes. Was it the deflector that created that consciousness? I though it was from all of the data stored in the computer or something.

  36. Asimov wasn't so deluded by 32771 · · Score: 1

    From:
    http://www.asimovonline.com/ol...

    Let me add as a teaser:

    "...
    And out there beyond are the stars.

    And the interesting thing is that if we can get through the next thirty years, there's no reason why we can't enter into a kind of plateau which will see the human race last, perhaps, indefinitely...till it evolves into better things...and spread out into space indefinitely. We have the choice here between nothing...and the virtually infinite. And the nice thing about it is that you guys in the audience today, when I say guys I mean it in a general term embracing gals...when you guys in the audience today will still be barely middle-aged when you will know which choice has been made.

    See, I've been so shrewd that I fixed it so that I was born in 1920.

    [group laughs]

    Which means I'll be safely dead."

    --
    Je me souviens.
  37. Top 3 by dcollins · · Score: 1

    I agree, but I don't think that the singularity breaks into the Top 3 sci-fi faith-based initiatives. I usually count them like:

    (1) Technology will reduce our work hours until almost all of us are leisurely, creative, artist-types.
    (2) Automated warfare will result in conflicts occurring in which almost no humans die.
    (3) There is intelligent life in outer space that we can possibly contact.

    --
    We know where leadership by an anti-intellectual "strongman" who scapegoats minorities and likes boisterous rallies goes
  38. Re:Hypotheses based on Observation are not Faith by Ken+D · · Score: 1

    In order to simulate a human brain at the atomic level, first we would have to know exactly which chemicals are in a real brain, and we don't even know that much yet.

    This is not a hard problem to solve. You just put a brain in a blender and send the resulting goo through a mass spectrometer.

  39. Re:Manna by 0123456 · · Score: 1

    Marshall Brain has some very good ideas about what we could do as a society to ease our way past our 3rd generation society into a more-fair 4th generation post-scarcity society. http://marshallbrain.com/manna...

    Singularitarians may be nutty, but believing in a 'post-scarcity society' is worse. Threre will never be more resources than humans can use, unless you discover a way to magic stuff out of nothing, forever.

  40. Re:Not just min wage jobs either. by gweihir · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Current state if the art is that writing the "specs" is about as hard or harder than writing the code. And that has been the state for the last 50 years. This is unlikely to change anytime soon and may not ever change.

    --
    Most ACs are not even worth the keystrokes to insult them. Be generically insulted by this and ignored otherwise.
  41. Re:Science Fiction is fiction made up by authors by bev_tech_rob · · Score: 1

    That and there was the episode "Ship in a bottle" where Geordi instructed the holodeck computer to create a Moriarty character capable of defeating Data (not Sherlock Holmes). The program then gave Moriarty sentience.

    --
    You're messin' with my Zen Thing, man.....
  42. Re:AI and "singularity" are laughable by neminem · · Score: 2

    If machines are incapable of true intelligence, then so are we, because we are machines.

    Do I think that any of the AI research currently going on even begins to come close to the ridiculous complexity of a human brain? No. I think they're useful approximations in terms of getting stuff done, but nothing we're doing now will produce anything that's actually "intelligent", as opposed to merely acting like it. But it's clearly *possible* to create a brain, because brains exist.

  43. Re:Hypotheses based on Observation are not Faith by gweihir · · Score: 1

    Actually, PC speeds never increased at an exponential rate, and currently we are even sub-linear. What did increase exponentially for a while is the number of transistors in there. The speed up you get is vastly less than linear in the number of transistors and the limiting factor has been interconnect for almost 2 decades now. And that cannot scale exponentially and never did.

    --
    Most ACs are not even worth the keystrokes to insult them. Be generically insulted by this and ignored otherwise.
  44. Re:Hypotheses based on Observation are not Faith by gweihir · · Score: 2

    Atomic level is not precise enough. There are a lot of quantum effects in synapses.

    --
    Most ACs are not even worth the keystrokes to insult them. Be generically insulted by this and ignored otherwise.
  45. so... by buddyglass · · Score: 1

    Can we add large-scale interstellar colonization to the list?

  46. Re:AI and "singularity" are laughable by gweihir · · Score: 1

    You are quite correct. The problem is these people assume that physical reality as known today is complete. That would indicate that humans are mere physical machines. However there is absolutely no indication that physics knows it all and a few rather striking ones that it does not. Examples: Still no GUT, AI research has not even a theory how intelligence could be produced, etc. In the end, the whole argumentation is circular, like so often with the religious mind-set.

    But: It is not completely impossible that AI will eventually be possible. However when we look at the only example of intelligence we have, it is possible that said AI will come with consciousness, free-will and and maybe even emotions. There is absolutely no indication these things can be separated and in the only thing that exhibits intelligence, they are not. That is another thing conveniently overlooked by those that confuse their religious beliefs with science.

    --
    Most ACs are not even worth the keystrokes to insult them. Be generically insulted by this and ignored otherwise.
  47. Re:Science Fiction is fiction made up by authors by Livius · · Score: 1

    Just like Earth.

  48. Re:Manna by wonkey_monkey · · Score: 1

    If you haven't read Manna, you definitely should.

    Why does everyone think Manna is some mind-blowingly insighftul piece of near-prophecy? It's really not. It's a fairly superficial and trite dystopian/utopian juxtaposition. And the characters and dialogue are laughable.

    --
    systemd is Roko's Basilisk.
  49. Re:Science Fiction is fiction made up by authors by jythie · · Score: 1

    Yeah, but it does not really work as a transporter, thus if you wish to get from A to B it is not that impressive.

  50. Re:Science Fiction is fiction made up by authors by jythie · · Score: 1

    The 'disparaging way', I think, signals a new low in slashdot posting. Slashdot was never all that professional, but it kept an appropriate minimal standard. This just reads like someone's blog rant that somehow got a bigger audience.

  51. Re:Science Fiction is fiction made up by authors by TapeCutter · · Score: 1

    Death by Snu-Snu!

    --
    And did you exchange a walk on part in the war for a lead role in a cage? - Pink Floyd.
  52. Not an "Initiative" by dbrossard · · Score: 1

    I think the subby may not understand what "faith base intiative" means. It isn't a belief, it is (or was, as previously named) a goverment program to strengthen religious organizations (as well as community organizations) to ideally have them handle more charity outreach. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W...

  53. Re:Science Fiction is fiction made up by authors by The+Grim+Reefer · · Score: 1

    Yeah, but it does not really work as a transporter, thus if you wish to get from A to B it is not that impressive.

    Sure it does. You invert something or another and it can be used for faster than light propulsion. If done correctly you will arrive at your destination before you left your starting point.

  54. We've been here before... by skaralic · · Score: 1

    In the 60s researchers thought that "machines will be capable, within twenty years, of doing any work a man can do" and "within a generation ... the problem of creating 'artificial intelligence' will substantially be solved". Pretty soon they realized that they were way off in their predictions. Our machines are much faster today but other than some limited machine learning algos, we haven't really moved that much. Every new generation thinks the breakthrough is just around the corner.

  55. Homo-singularity by TapeCutter · · Score: 1, Interesting

    Indeed, this post most likely bounced off an Arthur C Clarke satellite on it's way to the US. The singularity idea suffers from the same problem as Lovelock's Gaia idea, it gets adopted, expanded and contorted by spiritualism. "Gaia" is just the original name for "the biosphere". Likewise the "singularity" is just a label for a hypothetical point in time when AI becomes "more intelligent" than its creator.

    Science is nothing if not explicit, giving something a name is the first step in understanding (and controlling) it, language is intimately connected to human intelligence, the name tags a concept/thing, which in turn allows the human imagination to play with it, this is why quantum mechanics can only really be "understood" by those who can understand the maths, there is no everyday metaphor for the mind to grasp. Infinity and nothing really don't fit in the human mind but we just have to look up for an example of infinity so we have symbols for them where they occur in nature. If your mind cannot package it's own concepts into a word or short phrase it will not spread very well as a "meme", for example try telling someone about the periodic table without using a noun to identify the table itself.

    Personally I'm not a fan of the singularity idea, I think "smarter than a human" is a vague and largely irrelevant way to measure intelligence in an AI system, it's only useful in that we can compare the different behaviour of the two systems to learn more about both.

    The linguists are correct in that the reason humans are the smartest thing raping the planet is the sophistication of our language. About 50-60Kya we acquired the ability to tell stories using words and pictures, more importantly the stories could be recombined to form new stories and handed down the generations (education) - the ability was clearly a beneficial mutation since it spread through the global population like a dose of the flu and we immediately jumped to the top spot in the food chain, the number of "stories" we have (and have forgotten) in the last 50kyrs continues to grow exponentially without limit ( homo-singularity already happened? ).

    Computers are pretty good at "understanding" stories these days, systems exist that can write a pretty good HS book report on a random novel* in less than a second and of course IBM's Watson has demonstrated computers can do better at the open ended domain of general knowledge than the best humans. These systems are wonderful tools that are a product of the recent (last century) explosive growth in human stories, they are a tool for creating more stories, faster, much like a space telescope is a tool for rapidly generating pictures that inform our current stories about the cosmos.

    Which gets back to the reason why I'm not a fan of the singularity - To me, "something smarter than a human" implies a level of conceptual abstraction above story telling, if we knew what that was it introduces a tautology into the singularity story - ie: we would already be "smarter than a human".

    *Novel - computers are no so good a children's stories - any linguist can explain why.

    --
    And did you exchange a walk on part in the war for a lead role in a cage? - Pink Floyd.
  56. Re:Science Fiction is fiction made up by authors by Sentrion · · Score: 1

    According to Wikipedia, "Proponents of the singularity typically postulate an "intelligence explosion",[5][6] where superintelligences design successive generations of increasingly powerful minds, that might occur very quickly and might not stop until the agent's cognitive abilities greatly surpass that of any human."

    "could", "might", and "might". There are a lot of presuppositions to singularity theory. By the same logic I can claim that all of the oxygen molecules are one day going to randomly congregate in the corner of someone's room just long enough for that person to suffocate. With all of the people on the planet after a certain number of years it is destined to happen, right? I'd be just as likely to one day travel to the far edges of the galaxy on a ship powered by an improbability drive just to discover that the meaning of the universe is 42.

    One has to accept the Law of Accelerating Returns, feasibility of AGI (strong AI), feasibility of superintelligence, and the premise of intelligence explosion. The summary author is correct in stating that belief in the Singularity is stupid, just as it is stupid to believe that if we just cut loose the restraints on Capitalism everyone would be overwhelmed by economic abundance, or that if we just had a government agency to distribute material needs to the masses we could all be satisfied and work two four-hour days a week. Yes, in theory it is "possible", but if you are convinced that it is inevitable and it will happen in your lifetime, you are as delusional as any religious fanatic waiting for a scriptural prophecy to be fulfilled. Generally speaking, if it looks like a cult and smells like cult then its a cult - complete with SF scriptures, a supreme being, and a chance at an afterlife.

  57. After many steps by EmperorOfCanada · · Score: 1

    I have always thought of the Singularity as a stupid concept. I suspect that we will soon have more brain implants as treatment for more interesting diseases. Right now we have fairly primitive electrical stimulation being played with for depression, a pretty good one for Parkinson's, implants for deaf people, and probably soon something interesting for blind people. These will no doubt progress further and further as our technology gets better and our understanding of the brain gets better. But we are a long way from where any of these implants are going to be used in a healthy person to improve their existing functionality. It will be a long time before we can upload a brain. Augment a brain. Or basically anything a brain that is practical.

    Looking at this from the computer angle it is the same thing. Right now we have ML which I thing is a terrible name full of hype and over promise. I would call it Dynamic Statistics instead. We also have computers becoming fantastically powerful which is allowing computer to do some very interesting tricks. One of the scariest is near perfect facial recognition. Combine Dynamic Statistics and awesome facial recognition and with very few cameras a very comprehensive picture of a person's relationship with the world can easily be established; that is something that scares the shit out of me.

    One of the other areas that ML and things like Watson are going to become scary good at are things that require vast databases of trivia to answer questions. So most of medical diagnostics will be no longer a profession. Plus as they are starting to show that even interesting recipe creation is becoming automated. This is going to eat into many white collar jobs. But there will still be a complete lack of common sense requiring people need to coddle the inputs and outputs along; so no to cyanide pudding. I am willing to bet that if Watson were put in charge of narcotic prescriptions that the nation's addicts would rejoice, in little time at all they would learn the motions to go through where Watson would prescribe them more pills than they would know what to do with.

    But after generations of Watsons and similar systems are optimized, put onto better hardware, and combined, a system will appear that is going to be fairly useful as a Sci-fi AI. But not in a world destroying way but more of the ultimate butler that will do things like remember where you put your keys and the name of that guy who was on a grade 11 sports team that you are about to bump into.

    But yes there will be a point where we do finally figure out how to simulate a brain that is fully self aware and yes who the hell will know what will happen at that point. But the reality is that along the way we will go through so many tiny increments of smarter tools that it won't catch us off guard at all.

    Exhibit A: My daughter sits at a table not far from me asking Siri to do first and second derivatives; Siri being a voice interactive central cluster of computers that are interacting with a glowing tiny computer via a global communications system. To her, she simply doesn't understand how the hell it was possible to get through highschool without the internet. In 1989 Siri would be hard core Science Fiction material.

    To me the singularity is a big blurry mess of a definition where we may not even be at the fuzziest edge.

    People blah blah about machines designing machines that we don't understand. The chip companies use algorithms that arrange their CPUs into optimal arrangements right now. Is that machines designing machines? As I say, it is all a fuzzy situation.

    If you want to point a robotic finger at anything it would be the continual eroding of our privacy and/or the massive and growing list of jobs lost to automation.

  58. Machine sapience inevitable? Probably. by qeveren · · Score: 1

    This is of course assuming that we bother to keep trying until we succeed. But there's nothing special about a squidgey organic substrate for computing.

    --
    Don't just stand there, get that other dog!
  59. Not impossible doesn't mean inevitable by anyaristow · · Score: 1

    When physics allows us to do something, and we understand what it is we want to do, we have an excellent history of going ahead and doing [it]

    *cough* fusion *cough*

    Note that those projects are getting bigger and bigger. It may be that there aren't enough people or there isn't enough money to make a sentient AI. It may also be that there is something well short of it that will give us all the benefit we are willing to pay for.

    There's a world of possible outcomes between physically impossible and inevitable. It isn't sure to happen just because it isn't impossible.

    1. Re:Not impossible doesn't mean inevitable by fyngyrz · · Score: 1

      Over unity stable fusion is bound to be pretty big, at least initially; the only working examples we have of it are huge. We recently beat break even, and there are ideas out there being implemented that could result in functional over-unity systems, one of which is ITER. And of course, there's always the Farnsworth fusor, and fusion weapons, which are pretty small themselves, all things considered.

      The brain isn't all that large; but its complexity and the relative functional difference in size between neurons and glia and so forth as compared to silicon computing and analog elements do indeed make it look like a very large project, even when you discount all the volume taken by the non-intelligent things the brain does (regulates heartbeat, breathing, etc.)

      I rather expect AI to be tougher than fusion, frankly. But I still expect it to fall to our insatiable curiosity and innovative capabilities.

      --
      I've fallen off your lawn, and I can't get up.
  60. What Is the Singularity by Crypto+Gnome · · Score: 1

    The core concept of The (digital) Singularity is the same as in physics.

    That there will probably be some point where technology escalates at a geometric rate and passes "an event horizon" of some kind.

    Typically the concept is based around either artificial or uploaded-humans type intelligence running on faster processors (or perhaps more nodes/cores) than meatspace humanity.

    Once that happens, and of course assuming that said "thinkers" have the ability to upgrade/rewrite/improve their self (either software or hardware) , then theoretically we should get some kind of "runaway intelligence upgrade" (same thing as gravity escalating to the point where NOTHING can escape, not even light).

    This is NOT FAITH, this is basic logic (if A and B then C).

    If we never A, or we never let them B, then C won't happen.

    --
    Visit CryptoGnome in his home.
  61. Re:Manna by Mr.CRC · · Score: 1

    Marx was an idiot.

    But he did establish the ethic that any action is moral if it is in pursuit of revolution. Ie., "the ends justify the means." Which is the single most evil proposition ever devised.

    It is utilized in subtle form by today's leftists when they use a term which means something entirely different, in a manner such as what you just did with "capitalism."

    Capitalism by definition is simply the private ownership of the means of production.

    Unless force is used to prevent someone from producing that which is scarce at a cheaper price, capitalism will do exactly the opposite of what you propose. Which means that you are either an indoctrinated tool, or engaging in deliberate intellectual dishonesty.

  62. Greg Egan by Mr.CRC · · Score: 1

    Read "Diaspora" and "Schild's Ladder" for highly plausible pictures of how machine intelligence may develop sentience, and go about it's existence.

    What's wonderful about these books, is that they are far from dystopian. After reading these I'm left feeling that it is a moral imperative to work toward the development of machine intelligence and the possibility of transcending the human body and Darwinian evolution.

  63. Now I understand why Popular Science ... by ET3D · · Score: 1

    ... shut down its comments section.

  64. Getting it right by Meneth · · Score: 1

    As a Singularitan, I recognize that super-AI may turn out to be impossible. After all, we don't have a theory that proves it possible yet. However, in the case that it is possible, the creation of the super-AI will be the single most important event in our observable universe. Thus it is worthwhile to spend some effort in getting it right.

  65. calling it science fiction proves it won't happen by buybuydandavis · · Score: 1

    If a scifi writer wrote about it, it must be impossible, because a scifi writer would never try to realistically project out the future of technology. The fi in scifi is for *fiction*, don't you know?

    What a bozo.

  66. Re:Not just min wage jobs either. by Maxo-Texas · · Score: 1

    Interesting point.

    Along those lines- I asked for my usual Diet Coke with a little bit of rootbeer and was told at the drive thru that they couldn't serve mixed drinks any more. I assumed it was some kind of health rule but when I went in, I saw the new machine and realized that it precluded anything but a pure cup of one type of soda.

    The "creative" factor of the soda's was erased in exchange for $1 sodas (vs $1.79 at whataburger). For now at least, I just went inside and got my own drink.

    --
    She was like chocolate when she drank... semi-sweet at first and then increasingly bitter.
  67. Re:Not just min wage jobs either. by camperdave · · Score: 1

    We will be alive when we have computers writing their own code.

    We've had LISP for a long time now.

    --
    When our name is on the back of your car, we're behind you all the way!
  68. Re:Hypotheses based on Observation are not Faith by ceoyoyo · · Score: 1

    That's ridiculous. http://www.cs.columbia.edu/~se...

    Processor speeds have, and continue to, increase exponentially.

  69. Re:Science Fiction is fiction made up by authors by keithrc · · Score: 1

    Film at 11.

    ...But is the film as good as the book?

  70. Re:Hypotheses based on Observation are not Faith by gweihir · · Score: 1

    That is pseudo-mystical nonsense. Entropy is a _measure_ of a configuration or state, not an effect by itself. Saying there is entropy is like saying there is numbers. That holds for both definitions of entropy.

    --
    Most ACs are not even worth the keystrokes to insult them. Be generically insulted by this and ignored otherwise.
  71. Re:Not just min wage jobs either. by gweihir · · Score: 1

    Apt analogy.

    --
    Most ACs are not even worth the keystrokes to insult them. Be generically insulted by this and ignored otherwise.
  72. There's a linux game by the same name/theory by TC+0 · · Score: 1

    I used to play a older linux game called 'Endgame: Singularity' that "casts the player as a newborn artificial intelligence attempting to evade detection long enough to transcend the physical reality, achieve technological singularity and become immortal." - wikipedia official website It's overly simplistic, but I became strangly addicted to it for a while. If you're Debian based: sudo apt-get install singularity