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Math Says You're Driving Wrong and It's Slowing Us All Down (wired.com)

A new study in IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems mathematically suggests that if you and everyone else on the road kept an equal distance between the cars ahead and behind, traffic would move twice as quickly. From a report: Now sure, you're probably not going to convince everyone on the road to do that. Still, the finding could be a simple yet powerful way to optimize semi-autonomous cars long before the fully self-driving car of tomorrow arrives. Traffic is perhaps the world's most infuriating example of what's known as an emergent property. Meaning, lots of individual things forming together to create something more complex. Emergent properties are usually quite astounding. You've probably seen video of starlings forming a murmuration, a great shifting blob of thousands upon thousands of birds. Bats flying en masse out of a cave is another example, swarming sometimes by the millions through a small exit. And scientists are just beginning to understand how they do so.

404 comments

  1. Follow the leader by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    There, solved it.

    1. Re:Follow the leader by michelcolman · · Score: 2

      Oh, my, some student has handed in his "study" and it made the papers. The next study that debunks it, probably won't so everyone will keep believing this one. Like that old "study" that said 80 km/h was the ideal speed for max throughput (it's not).

      They probably did a simulation where all cars were following the same algorithm. Which only works if, you guessed it, all cars are using the same algorithm. Otherwise, only a huge mess results.

      I can see so many things wrong with this. For starters, if I understood correctly, when somebody tailgates me, I should tailgate the car in front of me as well so we keep an equal distance? Great way to cause pile-ups when one car starts to brake. (Been in one of those myself, I could stop just in time, so could the car behind me, but the three cars further back slammed us all together, fortunately there was a dashcam).

      So we're back to a minimum safe distance between me and the car in front, which is what I normally do. Now, if the car behind me is further back, according to the "study", I should slow down to increase my distance in front and reduce my distance behind. But then of course the car behind me is going to slow again to get back to its old distance, so I keep slowing until I have as much distance in front of me as the car behind me. Now the car in front of me is going to slow down to as well, because he wants as much distance in front of him as behind him. I don't exactly see throughput improving here...

      Max throughput is achieved if cars simply keep the shortest safe distance, allowing for small fluctuations in distance to keep speed as constant as possible. And yes, indeed, very few drivers actually do that.

    2. Re:Follow the leader by geekmux · · Score: 1

      There, solved it.

      The leader is an impatient/enraged/drunken/drugged/distracted human, incapable of removing those traits that have tainted damn near every mode of transportation ever invented, which is why we're now looking for an autonomous leader.

    3. Re: Follow the leader by LifesABeach · · Score: 1

      And what of variable reaction times and inertial vectors?

    4. Re:Follow the leader by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      If birds and bats can do it, why can't we?

    5. Re: Follow the leader by Monster_user · · Score: 2

      Isn't that what NASCAR is anyway? Between the wrecks and such,...

    6. Re: Follow the leader by TWX · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Which also takes us into arguments of age and experience. The youngest drivers usually have the best reaction time but may not necessarily make the best choices prior to needing to use that reaction time. The oldest drivers have the most experience with what traffic conditions are to be like but may have very poor reaction times. The sweet-spot is kind of hard to calculate but probably biases toward a youngish driver that has figured out traffic conditions but still has fast reaction times.

      When I read the article summary it sounds like they want our cars to operate like trains, which all maintain the same distance (on account of mechanical coupling) and all go the exact same speed (again, mechanical coupling). Trouble is, with cars everyone has different destinations and therefore won't maintain the same speed. Cars slow to turn-off. Cars must enter the right-of-way. Not all drivers are driving for the same reason either, some enjoy driving performance vehicles, using that quick acceleration to get up to speed whenever they can, while others drive much more gently.

      The argument for us all driving an exactly particular way rings of the spherical cows in a vacuum solution to a farming problem. Isn't going to work in real-world applications.

      --
      Do not look into laser with remaining eye.
    7. Re:Follow the leader by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      They probably did a simulation where all cars were following the same algorithm. Which only works if, you guessed it, all cars are using the same algorithm. Otherwise, only a huge mess results.

      I can see so many things wrong with this. For starters, if I understood correctly, when somebody tailgates me, I should tailgate the car in front of me as well so we keep an equal distance?

      No, you understood everything wrong.
      What you should do is to keep the same speed as other cars. Since you are a human you are crap at driving so you can't do that.
      The next best option is to keep a distance to the car in front of you so that you don't have to do as large compensations for your own erratic driving.

      This isn't even a new thing to study. It has been simulated before and practical tests have been done with human drivers in a controlled situation on a track. (And posted on slashdot before too.)

      Humans are unable to keep the distance to the car in front of them and as a result they will start to "oscillate" when they try to compensate.
      The "oscillation" propagates and is amplified by the next car and so on.
      After a while you get traffic jams seemingly out of the blue.

      This is the kind of thing that a system engineer would solve easily with a lowpass filter except that human drivers are unwilling to hand over control to computers.

      There are theoretical models. There are practical tests that verify the theoretical model and there are real world cases outside of the controlled environment that shows that it happens outside of the "lab".
      But sure, it is more fun to shit at yet another study showing the same thing.

    8. Re:Follow the leader by michelcolman · · Score: 1

      What you are saying makes sense, but that's not what the study says. Read the summary again.

    9. Re: Follow the leader by beelsebob · · Score: 5, Informative

      The sweet spot is well known - it's around 50-60. That's why insurance companies offer people in that age bracket the lowest rates - they have the fewest accidents.

    10. Re: Follow the leader by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      That sweet spot has less to do with the two variables the OP listed and more to do with that is the age bracket least likely to âoebe in a hurryâ while still able to see and navigate the road mentally. You are correct though that driving involves far more than two variables and any assumption that only includes two variables is doomed to fail.

    11. Re:Follow the leader by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      props for spelling brake correctly.

      And yes, optimal for traffic flow with humans is to accelerate smartly once the light turns green (if you're in front), follow for the speed of the vehicle in front of you (current adaptive cruise control in the medium setting is optimal with human reaction times assumed, close is optimal with Massholes driving around you), and brake to get promptly to the spot when coming up to a red light (so that the poor sap behind you can get through the light behind you).

      It's not complex, and you're completely right, this is an undergrad paper with no edge cases.

    12. Re: Follow the leader by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      They're also likely to have adult children. This means they drive slower (apparently having kids makes you give a shit) and since the kids are adults they either are not in the car or, if they are, they are not a safety distraction.

      Driving a car with a 5 to 10 year old is like driving around with an alarm clock that can go off at any time, has no off button, and kicks the seat if you don't immediately pay attention to it. Thus no extra breaks for your slower driving at that point.

    13. Re:Follow the leader by Ol+Olsoc · · Score: 1

      There, solved it.

      The leader is an impatient/enraged/drunken/drugged/distracted human, incapable of removing those traits that have tainted damn near every mode of transportation ever invented, which is why we're now looking for an autonomous leader.

      Correct. Sorry, but I have no intention of driving a hundred miles per hour just because some idiot that either believes they have the reflexes to stop their vehicle when its 2 feet behind the next car at that speed. Or doesn't give a damn. This is the automotive equivalent of the law of personal incredulity, where the stupidest person in the room wins.

      --
      The shepherds did so well protecting the flock that the sheep no longer believed that wolves existed.
    14. Re:Follow the leader by Ol+Olsoc · · Score: 1

      If birds and bats can do it, why can't we?

      We don't have the evolved senses they do.

      --
      The shepherds did so well protecting the flock that the sheep no longer believed that wolves existed.
    15. Re: Follow the leader by TechyImmigrant · · Score: 1, Funny

      The sweet spot is well known - it's around 50-60. That's why insurance companies offer people in that age bracket the lowest rates - they have the fewest accidents.

      Well I'm 1 year away from 50 and I haven't crashed yet. I guess I will crash a negative number of times between 50 and 60.

      --
      I should use this sig to advertise my book ISBN-13 : 978-1501515132.
    16. Re:Follow the leader by TechyImmigrant · · Score: 2

      >This isn't even a new thing to study.

      It isn't. When I was at college, a long, long time ago, some friends did a model and simulation of flow breakdown on a highway and showed that it followed exactly the same equations as for coax ethernet (which was the norm at the time).

      Knowing these, we can understand that cars behave much like packets in a network when it comes to flow efficiency and the math has all be done. In networks however, we can increase the speed limit and number of lanes until we are at the easy point in the curve. With switched ethernet, everyone gets their own road and the congestion is at the junction.

      Maybe that's why Elon Musk took Ted Steven's technically illiterate "Series of Tubes" comments literally and decided to start boring tubes.

      --
      I should use this sig to advertise my book ISBN-13 : 978-1501515132.
    17. Re:Follow the leader by colinwb · · Score: 1

      "Oh, my, some student has handed in his "study" and it made the papers."

      On reading the Wired article, and searching for the person quoted in the article, it turns out that "some student" is Berthold Horn - Professor of Computer Science and Engineering at MIT and Liang Wang, a post-doc associate in the CSAI Lab at MIT, supervised by Horn.

    18. Re: Follow the leader by KingMotley · · Score: 2

      Yes, because all studies involving the average human should just use your experience and extrapolate that out to the rest of the 7.4 billion people on the planet.

    19. Re: Follow the leader by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Your daily reminder that the plural of anecdote is not data.

    20. Re: Follow the leader by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Just stop merging early. And stop building roads that make merging optional to keep people from using the new lane as a way to cut in front.

      Merge at the end. Use your car to block the cutter's lane. Thanks, everybody.

    21. Re:Follow the leader by BasilBrush · · Score: 1

      But it's not a heuristic on it's own. You also have safe stopping distances for a given speed. And if the car behind is tailgating and forcing you closer to the car in front, then your speed must slow down to maintain safe stopping distance. Safe stopping space for speed is always going to take priority over traffic flow maximisation.

      In other words this heuristic should only be used when distances already exceed safe stopping distance.

      Of course no human is going to do it. But it's a decent heuristic for automated cars.

    22. Re: Follow the leader by RandomSkratch · · Score: 1

      Re: your early comment on needing to brake. That's the thing though, the best scenario does not have anyone braking because there is no need. Proper lane changes and zipper merging all make things run smoothly.

    23. Re:Follow the leader by murdocj · · Score: 2

      How does having a tailgating car force you closer to the car in front of you? The dumbest thing to do when tailgated is to speed up. In fact, I usually slow down so that if there is an accident (more likely with a tailgater) it will be at a lower speed.

    24. Re: Follow the leader by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Do not be an asshat and block a "cutter's" lane. Your first comment was correct. Smart, informed, reasonable, good drivers know to stay in a merging lane until the end and scissor merge with the other lane. If every driver was smart, informed, reasonable, and a good driver all merging traffic would go significantly faster. Unfortunately, the majority of drivers are uninformed, not smart when it comes to driving knowledge, and not reasonable hence thinking people are "cutters" when they are actually the smarter superior driver. People, people, people stay in the merging lane until it merges and the world will be a noticeably better place.

    25. Re: Follow the leader by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      What he meant was, merge at the end but don't use the lane as a way to pass a long line of slow-moving cars (that would be cutting in line). Instead, match speed with the cars you're merging with. And physically prevent people behind you from doing an end run around everybody, which always involves sudden braking and frustration for somebody, and slows the overall traffic flow.

    26. Re:Follow the leader by BasilBrush · · Score: 1

      Because that's the heuristic in TFA. And TFS come to that. Read it.

    27. Re: Follow the leader by michelcolman · · Score: 1

      In an ideal world, sure. In the real world, though, as long as actual humans are driving, it doesn't work.

    28. Re: Follow the leader by loufoque · · Score: 1

      The lowest rate is at 15 years without accidents.
      That's way before 50. More like 31.

    29. Re: Follow the leader by loufoque · · Score: 1

      Do you not know how academia works?
      Lian Wang wrote the paper, the other guy just put his name on it.

    30. Re: Follow the leader by loufoque · · Score: 1

      its own

    31. Re: Follow the leader by loufoque · · Score: 1

      100 mph is not nearly as dangerous as you make it out to be, especially with modern cars.

    32. Re: Follow the leader by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      A lot of cars come with radar cruise control which maintains an exact following distance (in seconds), so I'm not sure that people are completely unwilling to let computers take this over

    33. Re: Follow the leader by RandomSkratch · · Score: 1

      Check out Traffic by Tom Vanderbilt. It's a pretty cool read on this.

      The unnecessary braking caused by people not able to maintain constant speed will cause an accordion effect which creates those phantom traffic slowdowns and jams we've all been in.

      I'm all for automated vehicles. :-)

    34. Re: Follow the leader by Thruen · · Score: 1

      Not quite the reasoning. Your insurance rate starts dropping at 25 as long as you maintain a good driving record. If you just start driving at 50, your rate will start at about the same point as if you were 25. The reason the "sweet spot" appears to be 50-60 is that most folks have a steadily decreasing rate starting at 25 or so, and then it starts going up again at 65 when most folks' reaction times and eyesight start to suffer significantly. I've also read that, statistically, the lowest number of crashes per miles driven tends to occur around age 70, but I never see anyone argue that 70 year old people are the best or safest drivers. Something tells me it's not as simple as saying any group of people is better at driving than any other group.

    35. Re: Follow the leader by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The rolling roadblock is only necessary when the city has built a road that incentivizes leaving your lane and getting into an empty one. It shouldn't ever have been built that way and ethics require removing the incentive to use it by slowing it down.

    36. Re: Follow the leader by Ol+Olsoc · · Score: 3, Informative

      100 mph is not nearly as dangerous as you make it out to be, especially with modern cars.

      I used to race motorcycles and even drag raced both cars and motorcycles, so 100+ mph is no stranger to me. But most people do not have the reflexes to go much over 70. It is pretty simple math distance traveled versus reaction time. At 100 mph, you are travelling around 147 feet per second. That's almost 75 feet in 500 milliseconds.

      And there is quite a difference when everyone is going near the same speed and when you are trying to go 100 + on a road where most people are driving at 70. A real pucker string moment when that person you are going 30 MPH faster than pulls out in front of you say 20 feet in front of you.You have less than a half second to react, brake and slow enough to not run into them.

      Even way back then, I reserved my faster driving for the proper place. And of someone thinks that driving like that on a roadway where most are diving a lot slower - yeah - they are still idiots.

      --
      The shepherds did so well protecting the flock that the sheep no longer believed that wolves existed.
    37. Re: Follow the leader by loufoque · · Score: 1

      That speed is only suitable on long empty highways with high visibility, where you can see if you need to brake or change lanes several seconds beforehand.

    38. Re: Follow the leader by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I've seen studies that showed 60-70 having worse accidents per mile than teenagers, but many fewer miles.

    39. Re: Follow the leader by lsatenstein · · Score: 1

      Which also takes us into arguments of age and experience. The youngest drivers usually have the best reaction time but may not necessarily make the best choices prior to needing to use that reaction time. The oldest drivers have the most experience with what traffic conditions are to be like but may have very poor reaction times. The sweet-spot is kind of hard to calculate but probably biases toward a youngish driver that has figured out traffic conditions but still has fast reaction times.

      When I read the article summary it sounds like they want our cars to operate like trains, which all maintain the same distance (on account of mechanical coupling) and all go the exact same speed (again, mechanical coupling). Trouble is, with cars everyone has different destinations and therefore won't maintain the same speed. Cars slow to turn-off. Cars must enter the right-of-way. Not all drivers are driving for the same reason either, some enjoy driving performance vehicles, using that quick acceleration to get up to speed whenever they can, while others drive much more gently.

      The argument for us all driving an exactly particular way rings of the spherical cows in a vacuum solution to a farming problem. Isn't going to work in real-world applications.

      Around Montreal Quebec, its a problem with youth. Although the speed limit in residential streets is 40km (25mph), the youth insist on doing 60km (40mph). On the main thoroughfares add 20km/hr (or 15mph). Our city planners don't believe in synchronized traffic lights, and that lack of synchronization results in "Can I make it to the next light before it turns red" rush.
      The second problem is the over abundance of stop signs. In 1.6 kilometer drive(1 mile), there are a dozen stop signs at the
      dozen feeder streets. Taxi driver "slide throughs" are the after hours norms.

      The above two factors are bad for health. There are more than 3000/cars per day at each stop sign. The polution is heavy, but the city admin does not care. They are all social science graduates (law, or services). The stopsign polution must affect both seniors and the youth. We seniors respect the stops, but the impatient youth just whizz by. We seniors do not race each other or the youth. The youth tend to race each other from the traffic lights.
      Yes, the city does not want to spend the money to modernize the lights for traffic flow, mainly because the traffic is thru-traffic. (One municipality sandwiched between source and destination).

      --
      Leslie Satenstein Montreal Quebec Canada
    40. Re: Follow the leader by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      That means you either live in the middle of nowhere, or you don't drive a lot. If you live in a large city and you're on the road a lot, it's statistically very unlikely that you don't crash at some point. Sooner or later you'll run into an idiot, an unexperienced person or someone who's distracted.

    41. Re: Follow the leader by TechyImmigrant · · Score: 1

      I live in a medium city. I've lived in several places. I drive every day.
      I've had my car run into twice, but I wasn't driving it at the time.

      I attribute not crashing to paying attention and driving defensively. But shit happens and I don't expect my odds are any better than any other moderately defensive driver. I just got lucky. Statistics is like that.

      --
      I should use this sig to advertise my book ISBN-13 : 978-1501515132.
    42. Re:Follow the leader by AK+Marc · · Score: 1

      Like that old "study" that said 80 km/h was the ideal speed for max throughput (it's not).

      80km is the speed at which maximum throughput is *observed*. That you don't like facts doesn't make them wrong.

      Below 80km, people lose focus and the number of phone-checkers and lane hoppers cause traffic to flow worse. Above 80km, people leave closer to the "recommended" 2 second distance, which is too high for optimal throughput.

      Now, if the car behind me is further back, according to the "study", I should slow down to increase my distance in front and reduce my distance behind. But then of course the car behind me is going to slow again to get back to its old distance, so I keep slowing until I have as much distance in front of me as the car behind me. Now the car in front of me is going to slow down to as well, because he wants as much distance in front of him as behind him. I don't exactly see throughput improving here...

      If everyone drove like you, then minimum safe distance is best. Are you asserting you are no better than the average driver? If you aren't average, then extrapolating your personal opinion to everyone would be stupid. So, you are either a bad driver or stupid. Or both. I vote for both.

    43. Re: Follow the leader by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Old drivers are some of the worst. Reaction time is irrelevant to regular driving, and only needed in emergency. Old drivers have bad habits. Lots of them, and the core belief that they are safer than everyone else. This makes them more overconfident than the worst teen, and the crash rates of old people get worse, as they drive worse. They drive less, so are under-represented in statistics, but kill as much as teens.

    44. Re: Follow the leader by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      What about on real roads? I've crested a hill in Texas, with 5-20 miles of visibility, with no cars visible in front or behind me. No buildings, not bushes or trees. Nothing around to hide anything. The biggest problem was the aerodynamics of an '80s American car. High, soft suspension and no downforce, and the car had little traction up front. The air lifted the front significantly over 100, so stability reduced my speeds to about 100, not the top speed of the car.

    45. Re: Follow the leader by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Driving a car with a 5 to 10 year old is like driving around with an alarm clock that can go off at any time, has no off button, and kicks the seat if you don't immediately pay attention to it. Thus no extra breaks for your slower driving at that point.

      That sounds more like driving around with a 2 year old. If that's the way your kids still behave when they are 5-10 years old, then you've failed as a parent. And you probably shouldn't be driving either, as your driving skills aren't likely any better.

    46. Re: Follow the leader by mjwx · · Score: 1

      The sweet spot is well known - it's around 50-60. That's why insurance companies offer people in that age bracket the lowest rates - they have the fewest accidents.

      No, the 45+ age bracket has the most political power, so they're the ones that could bring about a real inquiry into the insurance industry (which is sorely needed here in the UK). That's why they get the best rates.

      Young people are highly represented in fatality and casualty statistics because they generally (are forced to by high insurance prices in the UK) to drive less safe cars. It costs thousands of pounds to insure a 19 year old, thousands more to do that on any kind of mid sized car. So they cant drive anything bigger than an old Fiesta until they're 26... which is the magic age for your first major insurance price drop. They aren't represented in significantly more crashes here in the UK than other age groups but are more represented in casualty and fatailty statistics. Young people tend to have more fatalities per crash and this is mainly due to them having to drive older, less safe cars.

      Elderly drivers are more represented in crash statistics, but have fewer fatalities per crash.

      But it's older people who can threaten the insurance regime's profit engine, so they never get targeted.

      --
      Calling someone a "hater" only means you can not rationally rebut their argument.
  2. Merge problem by religionofpeas · · Score: 1, Insightful

    if you and everyone else on the road kept an equal distance between the cars ahead and behind, traffic would move twice as quickly.

    Yes, because no one would be merging into traffic anymore.

    1. Re:Merge problem by geekmux · · Score: 4, Insightful

      if you and everyone else on the road kept an equal distance between the cars ahead and behind, traffic would move twice as quickly.

      Yes, because no one would be merging into traffic anymore.

      If everyone kept an equal distance and followed a standard merging pattern of every other car, then it would likely solve the merging problem as well. Long ago we were shuffling decks of cards in a much less practical and inefficient way until certain physical moves were found to increase that efficiency ten-fold.

      It's also well-known that impatience creates stop-and-go traffic patterns, which is but one of the many human factors that autonomous solutions will be looking to solve.

    2. Re:Merge problem by religionofpeas · · Score: 1

      If everyone kept an equal distance and followed a standard merging pattern of every other car, then it would likely solve the merging problem as well.

      No, because the distance between the cars before the merge point would be bigger than the distance after the merge point, which contradicts the assumption that all distances would be equal.

    3. Re:Merge problem by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      And a slight speed adjustment allows the distance to return to normal after the merge. I was taught (in my driving handbook) to leave a 2 second gap between me and the car in front of me. this not only allows room for a car to merge into my lane, but provides me ample reaction time to stop should something happen. Funny thing, zipper merging and allowing space between cars does make traffic go smoother. yeah you slow down slightly to re-adjust, but you don't brake, you don't have to do anything. just ease off the gas slightly, then speed back up once the 2s gap is re-established. it requires all cars to go the same speed though. which is where it falls apart. but with the 2 second gap it allows a car to merge into the passing lane, and exit after passing a slow moving vehicle. leaving 2 feet between cars is dangerous and a prime cause of road rage. which leads to tapping of brakes, which leads to more braking, which leads to a stopped car a ways behind which makes traffic bad. this is all known stuff guys, no studies necessary, it's observable. Leave room, it prevents you from having to slam on your brakes, it lets other people merge, it's not a hard concept to understand. and speed in cars is never constant, so your "the distance between cars before the merge would be bigger than the distance after the merge point" is ignorant and misleading. after the merge adjustments are made to speed to re-establish distance... it only takes a few hundred meters if done properly. opposed to slowing down 30-40 kph because of a merge point... slowing down less than 5 kph to re-adjust distance is less intrusive, and less impactful for traffic.

    4. Re:Merge problem by religionofpeas · · Score: 5, Insightful

      And a slight speed adjustment allows the distance to return to normal after the merge

      The problem is that a road runs at maximum capacity when speed is high and distance is minimal. A slight speed adjustment, like you suggested, has the effect of decreasing maximum road capacity.

      That means that the road after the merge point not only has to deal with more cars, but also with a lower capacity to carry those cars. This lower capacity will propagate backwards to the road before the merge point. And that's how you end up with a traffic jam.

    5. Re:Merge problem by PPH · · Score: 3, Insightful

      That's why we have metered on-ramps. They limit the number of cars that have to weave into the traffic. And if traffic on the freeway starts to slow down, so should the metering rate until the bottleneck relieves itself.

      But if metering were actually implemented this way, people waiting would go insane. And it doesn't account for the carpool bypass, which ends up jamming traffic at the merge point anyway. In reality, ramp metering has become a penalty* for solo drivers, nothing more.

      *Unless you are fortunate enough to live in a wealthy neighborhood and can call your state representative to keep metering off your own little local on-ramp. Why the hell do rich people get their own on-ramps anyway?

      --
      Have gnu, will travel.
    6. Re:Merge problem by mixed_signal · · Score: 3, Informative

      Exactly. Overall traffic flow seems most efficient if traffic on main routes is bunched into "packets" of vehicles with gaps between packets large (long) enough to allow traffic from smaller routes to enter or merge onto the main route. My home town did this with updated lights and sensors about thirty years ago (!). Once on the main road you never had to be stuck at a light until all reaching the next town.

    7. Re:Merge problem by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Because...bacon.

    8. Re:Merge problem by Highdude702 · · Score: 0

      Actually it is apparently a hard concept to understand for women and teenagers. They're the ones that tailgate and try to go as fast as they can at any given moment. Not to mention check blind spot, or even next to them for cars when merging lanes. I'm not saying there aren't a ton of other drivers that drive like idiots. But in a city like Las Vegas, that's my observation. Due to the nature of my job I drive to every corner of this city. I see a lot of bad driving.

    9. Re:Merge problem by Highdude702 · · Score: 2, Interesting

      *Unless you are fortunate enough to live in a wealthy neighborhood and can call your state representative to keep metering off your own little local on-ramp. Why the hell do rich people get their own on-ramps anyway?

      I believe this is because it routes their traffic, the type that doesn't care about others off of the same roads of the less fortunate and people that have to actually pay attention so their vehicle doesn't get totaled by the person having a conference call in their luxury SUV with 40% visibility not paying attention to the road.

      Living in Las Vegas. I have noticed that the majority of the accidents around the valley are high end or fresh off the lot vehicles. While me in my old pickup truck, has never even been in an accident because I don't tailgate, I don't speed unless the freeway is almost empty. And I actually look around me when im going to move my vehicle out of its traveling lane! It's a hell of a concept.

    10. Re:Merge problem by geekmux · · Score: 1

      And a slight speed adjustment allows the distance to return to normal after the merge

      The problem is that a road runs at maximum capacity when speed is high and distance is minimal. A slight speed adjustment, like you suggested, has the effect of decreasing maximum road capacity.

      That means that the road after the merge point not only has to deal with more cars, but also with a lower capacity to carry those cars. This lower capacity will propagate backwards to the road before the merge point. And that's how you end up with a traffic jam.

      As we've all seen, one bad car accident on a freeway during rush hour makes the merge problem look like nothing by comparison, which tends to highlight the real problem to solve; human drivers. Maximum efficiency is the priority here, not maximum capacity. The capacity problem will hopefully be solved by removing the bullshit excuses that force humans to commute to large buildings to perform jobs that can easily be accomplished by using technology (internet/VPN/teleconference/cloud, etc.). We need to champion doing more from home and get rid of the old-fashioned mentalities that deter it. Education alone would be a large step in removing unnecessary congestion; traffic is significantly less on days where schools are closed. Workplace efficiency could have a rather massive increase as well; an hour-long commute to a full-time job translates to 40 hours a month wasted sitting behind a wheel.

    11. Re:Merge problem by Solandri · · Score: 2

      Actually the biggest impediment I've found to merging recently is that most people no longer let you in when you signal. When I learned to drive back in the 1980s, you would signal, the person in the next lane behind you would usually slow down (or at least not speed up), and you would merge into their lane.

      Nowadays, I signal and I'd estimate about 80% of the drivers use my signaling as an opportunity to speed up to prevent me from merging in front of them. A slight slowdown to allow someone to merge in front of you is vastly preferable to the person having to slow down almost to a stop before he merges because his merge lane is ending and nobody is letting him merge. When he eventually merges at slow speed, he'll cause a massive backlog behind him compared to if someone had just let him merge at high speed.

    12. Re:Merge problem by HornWumpus · · Score: 0

      You recently moved to Mass? That's just how they drive.

      Alternatively I suspect you're driving on the shoulder and trying to barge in at the very last meter.

      --
      John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
    13. Re:Merge problem by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      And way more road deaths.

    14. Re: Merge problem by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      This was taught in drivers ed in the eastern block in the 80s. Drive no less than 3 car lengths (about 12 meters or 40 ft in retarded units) to the car in front of you, on high speed highways even farther apart at about 3 second distance. This giver everyone a chance to change lanes without slowing down or speeding up and drivers can merge in and out without affecting traffic. Too bad that here the utards drive 5 ft from each other on the highway, and this results in 3-5 chain rear endings I see every day in my commute. But that is utardistan for you - driverless cars exist here, because I could never call the utards inside drivers.

    15. Re:Merge problem by zmooc · · Score: 2

      While that sounds logical, it isn't. In general, road capacity does increase as the speed increases up to about 70 km/h. Above 70km/h, the increased distance to maintain a safe stopping distance becomes a bigger factor and the capacity decreases. Therefore, this plan can work. In fact it does; it is standard practice where I live (the Netherlands) and it really does work (to some extent; road capacity still has its limits...). However, it must be said that that's after a very intensive campaign educating the general public on how to merge.

      --
      0x or or snor perron?!
    16. Re: Merge problem by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      This. I've had this argument before about 'merge in turn'. What the other person actually meant was 'fly past the almost stationary lane and then barge in at the last possible moment'. When approaching a busy exit 'merge in turn' fails exactly because of the selfish cunts who think they're turn is at the front. If they did that in a non-vehicle queue they'd be getting a punch

    17. Re:Merge problem by jittles · · Score: 0

      Actually the biggest impediment I've found to merging recently is that most people no longer let you in when you signal. When I learned to drive back in the 1980s, you would signal, the person in the next lane behind you would usually slow down (or at least not speed up), and you would merge into their lane.

      Merging means that YOU speed up to match or exceed the speed of traffic, not the other way around. It is the responsibility of the person doing the merging to get into traffic.

      Nowadays, I signal and I'd estimate about 80% of the drivers use my signaling as an opportunity to speed up to prevent me from merging in front of them.

      This makes no sense to me whatsoever. You know the person is going to be merging into traffic with you, unless the entrance lane is an exit lane also and they think you're getting off immediately. If someone does not signal to get over, I assume they have no idea what is going on around them and do not make any effort to aid them in being an oblivious asshole. In fact, obliviousness is, in my experience, one of the most common causes for traffic to slow down. People don't anticipate the changes ahead of them and end up having to do emergency braking when no emergency condition existed. This, in turn, results in accidents. You ought to be picking a spot to merge into traffic the moment you get onto the on ramp.

      A slight slowdown to allow someone to merge in front of you is vastly preferable to the person having to slow down almost to a stop before he merges because his merge lane is ending and nobody is letting him merge. When he eventually merges at slow speed, he'll cause a massive backlog behind him compared to if someone had just let him merge at high speed.

      You are completely wrong. Cars have this amazing thing called a gas pedal. Use it. If everyone slows down to let everyone else merge on, then you do end up with congestion. Now, I will concede that there are states (Connecticut, I am looking at you), where the on-ramps are not physically long enough to allow proper merging. In those cases, courtesy should be used. But in the event of a normal on-ramp, courtesy, common sense, and physics all dictate that the merger should actually use that handy little gas pedal of theirs. In normal road conditions, there is no reason, other than poor driving, that anyone should ever have trouble merging into traffic.

    18. Re:Merge problem by LynnwoodRooster · · Score: 2

      So - fewer people on the road, which also reduces congestion. Win-win!

      --
      Browsing at +1 - no ACs, I ignore their posts. So refreshing!
    19. Re:Merge problem by religionofpeas · · Score: 1

      In normal road conditions, there is no reason, other than poor driving, that anyone should ever have trouble merging into traffic.

      Except when the gaps in traffic are already at the smallest safe distance.

    20. Re:Merge problem by religionofpeas · · Score: 1

      Above 70km/h, the increased distance to maintain a safe stopping distance becomes a bigger factor and the capacity decreases

      The recommended distance is 2 seconds, so that means the gap grows linearly with the speed. The nose-nose interval between two cars is equal to the safe stopping distance + car length. The car length is constant, therefore, road capacity increases with speed.

    21. Re:Merge problem by jittles · · Score: 1

      In normal road conditions, there is no reason, other than poor driving, that anyone should ever have trouble merging into traffic.

      Except when the gaps in traffic are already at the smallest safe distance.

      Well I would not consider that to be normal road conditions. But of course you are right.

    22. Re:Merge problem by fahrbot-bot · · Score: 1

      if you and everyone else on the road kept an equal distance between the cars ahead and behind, traffic would move twice as quickly.

      Yes, because no one would be merging into traffic anymore.

      Or braking for no... fucking... reason.

      --
      It must have been something you assimilated. . . .
    23. Re:Merge problem by Ol+Olsoc · · Score: 3, Interesting

      So - fewer people on the road, which also reduces congestion. Win-win!

      I ride a motorcycle - I'm going to die.

      Then again, everyone else is going to die too.

      "“Life should not be a journey to the grave with the intention of arriving safely in a pretty and well preserved body, but rather to skid in broadside in a cloud of smoke, thoroughly used up, totally worn out, and loudly proclaiming "Wow! What a Ride!” - Hunter Thompson

      Having experienced family being involved the 21st century version of death, rotting away, demented in a nursing home, as they extract the money from their estate, then you are released from your life of catheters and adult diapers and Airecept that coincidentally ends a little after the bank account is empty - I think I'll keep riding that bike.

      --
      The shepherds did so well protecting the flock that the sheep no longer believed that wolves existed.
    24. Re:Merge problem by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Merging is only a problem because morons don't know how to do it properly.

      Here's a hint: if you see cars merging in front of you, don't pass on the right, hammer your brake, and squeeze into traffic in an attempt to get all of two cars further up the line causing a brake-wave for a half mile behind you.

      People doing this are so self-centered that they can't even see that they are causing the problem to begin with. It's the same disease that causes people to merge onto a freeway and then squeeze into the left lane because it's the left lane, while I stay in the right lane slowing down momentarily at the point of an onramp merge, and then pass 150+ cars that just had to be in the left two lanes for no reason at all.

      Most people on the freeway don't ever actually think about what the fuck they are doing, and that's the root of most traffic issues.

    25. Re:Merge problem by MachineShedFred · · Score: 3, Interesting

      I was in Bangkok a few weeks back, and it occurred to me that people riding motorcycles and scooters in that city probably get places twice as fast as cars, because at every red light, people on two-wheeled vehicles split lanes and move to the front - this appears to be perfectly legal there. Every time a light turns green, there's a flock of motorcycles and scooters at the front of the line, riding until they catch up to the next red light, where they then filter to the front again.

      More time on the go, less time standing still. One hell of a recipe for getting somewhere quicker.

      --
      Slashdot still doesnâ(TM)t support Unicode after it was added to the HTML standard in 1997.
    26. Re:Merge problem by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      so their vehicle doesn't get totaled by the person having a conference call in their luxury SUV with 40% visibility not paying attention to the road.

      To be fair, these types of drivers you are describing have the latest bells and whistles on their car which includes automatic slowing due to traffic ahead, automagic stopping to avoid a collision, alerts which turn off their cellphone their conference call is being held on to pay attention to the road, and a plethora of cameras that gives this driver a birds eye view of her surroundings.

      I know it used to be cool to hate on these people, but today these are the people that are actively testing and help refine technology to prevent your vehicle from getting totaled. You can't hate that if they don't actually total out your cars anymore. Just sayin.

      captcha: tacitly

    27. Re: Merge problem by HornWumpus · · Score: 1

      Zipper merging does call for late merges. But from two, more or less, equally long lines.

      Merging the lines early is what tempts the 'shoulder driver', just zipper merge late and there is no temptation, beyond the bike lane. Barging queues in the bike lane should end with your car in the ditch.

      --
      John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
    28. Re:Merge problem by LynnwoodRooster · · Score: 1

      Likewise - lifelong (well, since I was 10) rider here! I put about 25K miles a year on my bikes... And I love the freedom and ability to lane split here in California. No traffic jams for me, really... I wish the rest of the US would get with the rest of the world and California and allow lane splitting. Maybe more people will realize that motorcycles are a viable means of transport (like most of the rest of the world understands) and we'd see a lot less traffic on the roads.

      --
      Browsing at +1 - no ACs, I ignore their posts. So refreshing!
    29. Re:Merge problem by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      In practice, people tend to drive closer than recommended at slower speeds, thus capacity does not increase with speed.

    30. Re:Merge problem by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      linearly with speed, that is

    31. Re:Merge problem by drinkypoo · · Score: 1

      Which is why more people should simply ride motorcycles. High density, independence, high fuel efficiency, and much, MUCH less damage to the roads as compared to buses/mass transit.

      Vans do virtually no damage to the road, buses and heavier vehicles do virtually all of it. Self-driving vans are going to eliminate the bus, because the only reason we use buses is that drivers are costly.

      --
      "You're right," Fisheye says. "I should have set it on 'whip' or 'chop.'"
    32. Re:Merge problem by harvey+the+nerd · · Score: 2

      Elsewhere, when my wife got irked with misbehaving motorcyclists somewhat like this, I told her to just think of them as organ donors.

    33. Re:Merge problem by demonlapin · · Score: 1

      I'm not aware of such on-ramps. Any examples in mind? I mean, they have highway entrances and exits in poor neighborhoods; why wouldn't they have them in rich ones?

    34. Re:Merge problem by BasilBrush · · Score: 1

      Speed and safe distance to other cars are not independant variables though. Generally speaking slower speeds allow more throughput of cars, because the distances between cars (wasted space) is lowered.

      In fact it's this dependancy that explains WHY congested traffic moves slower. The smaller distances between cars demand slower speeds.

    35. Re:Merge problem by BasilBrush · · Score: 1

      It's not "an assumption" that all distances would be equal. It's a heuristic for each car, at any particular moment to seek to equalise the distance between the car in front and the car behind.

      If there's a merge of two similar roads, then of course the merge would happen. And after the merge the average distance would be halved.

    36. Re:Merge problem by BasilBrush · · Score: 1

      That's standard, and legal behaviour in the UK too.

    37. Re: Merge problem by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Lane splitting is all shits and giggles until you are wiped out by a car (with its driver doing all the right and safe practice traffic law things) that has zero chance of seeing you.

    38. Re:Merge problem by Ol+Olsoc · · Score: 1

      Likewise - lifelong (well, since I was 10) rider here! I put about 25K miles a year on my bikes... And I love the freedom and ability to lane split here in California. No traffic jams for me, really... I wish the rest of the US would get with the rest of the world and California and allow lane splitting. Maybe more people will realize that motorcycles are a viable means of transport (like most of the rest of the world understands) and we'd see a lot less traffic on the roads.

      Ach, to be able to ride year round. Well I can if it's just cold. I have a super jacket - looks like a regular motorcycle jacket, except made from some kinda real thick leather, and has a removable liner. Weighs around 25 pounds too. Made in Pakistan. But that's just for the cold. Snowy days like today in PA really put a cramp in riding.

      --
      The shepherds did so well protecting the flock that the sheep no longer believed that wolves existed.
    39. Re: Merge problem by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You have clearly never been to Los Angeles...

    40. Re:Merge problem by BasilBrush · · Score: 1

      Your theory is not correct. There is a speed at which capacity is maximised. Below that capacity is reduced , but it's also reduced above it. The specific speed will vary from road to road. The way to find it is by observation, not math.

      https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/...

      However it's a blind alley. An individual car cannot control the speed of the traffic as a whole, and it it tries to go as fast as possible as you are suggesting, that will actually slow down the traffic as a whole. The best heuristic any particular car can do to help the traffic flow is exactly what it says in TFA. Seek to make the distance between cars to the front and the back equal (subject to a maximum distance beyond which it doesn't matter any more.)

      Of course it's asking too much of human drivers to do this, monitoring the space behind at all times is expecting too much. But for automated cars it's a very sensible heuristic.

    41. Re:Merge problem by BasilBrush · · Score: 1

      And you're a bigot.

    42. Re:Merge problem by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      He identifies as a teenage girl. You're the bigot, snowflake.

    43. Re: Merge problem by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You'll never convince them but the people that merge early royally mess everything up. Because they are the ones that make one lane longer than the other.

    44. Re:Merge problem by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I've wondered if just having road signs every half mile that shows the current average speed would help things. You might get people to understand that when traffic speeds up a to say 55 it won't be for long. Might make traffic a little smoother.

      Also potentially if a few percent of cars were self driving that might help as well. Potentially damping stop and go traffic conditions.

    45. Re: Merge problem by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Add a breakaway spike strip to the tail of your bike if people do that to you a lot.

    46. Re:Merge problem by PPH · · Score: 1

      they have highway entrances and exits in poor neighborhoods

      The rich folks just don't have on-ramp metering. Only plebes have to wait for a light.

      --
      Have gnu, will travel.
    47. Re: Merge problem by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Lane splitting assholes like you are a menace, and I only hope that when you get into your inevitable accident, A) you don't harm any innocent drivers, and B) it is only your brain that ends up smeared along the pavement, so your organs are in decent enough shape to help someone who needs them. Of course, with your penchant for stupidly risky behavior, I imagine your liver, kidneys, spleen, heart, and lungs are probably already wrecked.

    48. Re:Merge problem by LynnwoodRooster · · Score: 2

      Filtering and splitting is legal all throughout Europe, too - and quite handy. In fact, it's really just banned in the 49 other US States (being legal in California) and Canada. Pretty much everywhere else on the face of the Earth, filtering and lane splitting are the norm.

      --
      Browsing at +1 - no ACs, I ignore their posts. So refreshing!
    49. Re:Merge problem by LynnwoodRooster · · Score: 1

      A 12 passenger van weighs about 5500-6000 pounds, so about 50% more than a typical car. Given that damage to the road goes as the fourth power, that typical 12 passenger van will do 5 times the damage to the road as a typical car. Now, sure - it can carry three times the people (12 versus 4), but that's still the losing end of the stick.

      A motorcycle, weighing in around 400 pounds, does about 0.002% damage to the road as compared to the van. Factoring in for the ratio of 12:1 in passengers, you'll do about 0.024% as much damage to a road, per passenger mile, with a motorcycle as compared to a van.

      --
      Browsing at +1 - no ACs, I ignore their posts. So refreshing!
    50. Re: Merge problem by LynnwoodRooster · · Score: 1

      Got a little over 1.3 million miles in the saddle, filtered and split on 6 Continents, never had a problem yet... Seems that about 95% of all riders in the world (being in Europe and Asia) have little to no problem with lane splitting and filtering - given that it's legal pretty much everywhere except 49 of the 50 States and Canada. But hey, let's all stay cooped up in cars, taking even more space, burning even more fuel, and damaging roads even further, rather than doing the responsible thing like getting a vehicle just big enough to serve you - and living in with it.

      --
      Browsing at +1 - no ACs, I ignore their posts. So refreshing!
    51. Re: Merge problem by LynnwoodRooster · · Score: 1

      That's some hate! I guess you never venture to California, or anywhere overseas! You must have a damn-near aneurysm at every light, seeing all those scooters and motorcycles filter forward and split away...

      --
      Browsing at +1 - no ACs, I ignore their posts. So refreshing!
    52. Re:Merge problem by LynnwoodRooster · · Score: 1

      Yeah, California sucks for a lot of reasons, but riding year-round in Southern California is a nice benefit! Just got back from a 3 hour jaunt through the Santa Monica mountains, perfect day for it. Low 70s, partly sunny, beautiful vistas...

      --
      Browsing at +1 - no ACs, I ignore their posts. So refreshing!
    53. Re:Merge problem by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The problem is that a road runs at maximum capacity when speed is high and distance is minimal.

      This is a common myth that's actually wrong, because safe following distance increases with velocity.

      minimum safe follow distance D = thinking distance + braking distance
      # given thinking time of 1 second and velocity V in m/s,
      # the car travels V meters while the human responds to the car in front
      # and then the car travels 1/13 * V^2 meters after the human begins pressing the brake pedal
      D = V + 1/13 * V^2
       
      time between cars T = D/V = 1 + 1/13 V
      # T(30 mph) = T(13.4 m/s) = 2.03 seconds
      # T(60 mph) = T(28.8 m/s) = 3.06 seconds
      # T(90 mph) = T(40.2 m/s) = 4.10 seconds
       
      cars per second = 1/T = 1 / (1 + 1/13 V)
      # max safe flow rate (30 mph) = 0.49
      # max safe flow rate (60 mph) = 0.33
      # max safe flow rate (90 mph) = 0.24

      tl;dr: A road's throughput decreases as velocity increases.

      Source video that also describes how this requires slow-downs when traffic merges

      tl;dw: You slow down when traffic merges because the lower speed has higher throughput.

    54. Re:Merge problem by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Wrong. If time between cars is a constant (e.g. 2 seconds), then the capacity is the same at any speed.

      However, safe follow distance increases with velocity squared because of the braking distance term, so the minimum safe time between cars increases linearly with speed, and the maximum safe capacity decreases as 1 / (1 + k * v).

      Also, the recommended follow distance is at least two seconds. The actual minimum safe follow distance at 60 mph or 100 km/h is 3 seconds, and the minimum safe follow distance at 90 mph or 150 km/h is 4 seconds. If you're following closer than that, then you're betting your own life that the car in front of you won't be hit by an oncoming car and reach zero velocity instantly.

    55. Re:Merge problem by drinkypoo · · Score: 1

      A typical car does no discernible damage to the road. So there's really no advantage to the motorcycle. A typical van also does no real detectable damage. It's not until you get up to trucks and buses that the damage starts.

      --
      "You're right," Fisheye says. "I should have set it on 'whip' or 'chop.'"
    56. Re:Merge problem by AmiMoJo · · Score: 2

      In the UK the sequence is mirror, signal, maneuver. In other words, look to make sure it is clear and safe to move, then signal your intent, then move.

      People who signal as a way of "asking" to be let in cause confusion. Are they asking, or are they about to move and cause an accident? If I'm unsure I use my horn, it's the only safe thing to do since the person behind is usually tailgating.

      Is it different where you are? Either option would be okay if everyone just agreed on the correct use.

      --
      const int one = 65536; (Silvermoon, Texture.cs)
      SJW, n: "Someone I don't like, and by the way I'm a fuckwit" - AC
    57. Re:Merge problem by TemporalBeing · · Score: 1

      that's why we have metered on-ramps. They limit the number of cars that have to weave into the traffic. And if traffic on the freeway starts to slow down, so should the metering rate until the bottleneck relieves itself.

      Metered ramps are a crap and don't do anything.

      Why?

      B/c they either (a) push more traffic onto the side roads, and (b) just fill up anyway b/c the traffic ahead is stopped. Further, (c) they don't really solve the merge problem b/c people just run up to the end and merge but then they have no where to go.

      Metered ramps work in *theory* but not in practice. It's one of those things where theory doesn't match reality.

      --
      Truth is like the sun. You can shut it out for a time, but it ain't goin' away. - Elvis Presley (source: imdb.com)
    58. Re:Merge problem by TemporalBeing · · Score: 1

      Actually the biggest impediment I've found to merging recently is that most people no longer let you in when you signal. When I learned to drive back in the 1980s, you would signal, the person in the next lane behind you would usually slow down (or at least not speed up), and you would merge into their lane.

      Merging means that YOU speed up to match or exceed the speed of traffic, not the other way around. It is the responsibility of the person doing the merging to get into traffic.

      Agreed.

      Nowadays, I signal and I'd estimate about 80% of the drivers use my signaling as an opportunity to speed up to prevent me from merging in front of them.

      This makes no sense to me whatsoever. You know the person is going to be merging into traffic with you, unless the entrance lane is an exit lane also and they think you're getting off immediately. If someone does not signal to get over, I assume they have no idea what is going on around them and do not make any effort to aid them in being an oblivious asshole. In fact, obliviousness is, in my experience, one of the most common causes for traffic to slow down. People don't anticipate the changes ahead of them and end up having to do emergency braking when no emergency condition existed. This, in turn, results in accidents. You ought to be picking a spot to merge into traffic the moment you get onto the on ramp.

      Sadly I've seen too many times where people are quite a long ways back but don't want someone in front of them so even as they see someone coming in from a ramp - even without someone in other lanes they could move to - they increase their speed and race ahead to keep from having the person coming in merge in front of them. (Yeah, Pennsylvania Drivers!!! - I've seen it other places too, but very prevalent in PA.)

      A slight slowdown to allow someone to merge in front of you is vastly preferable to the person having to slow down almost to a stop before he merges because his merge lane is ending and nobody is letting him merge. When he eventually merges at slow speed, he'll cause a massive backlog behind him compared to if someone had just let him merge at high speed.

      You are completely wrong. Cars have this amazing thing called a gas pedal. Use it. If everyone slows down to let everyone else merge on, then you do end up with congestion. Now, I will concede that there are states (Connecticut, I am looking at you), where the on-ramps are not physically long enough to allow proper merging. In those cases, courtesy should be used. But in the event of a normal on-ramp, courtesy, common sense, and physics all dictate that the merger should actually use that handy little gas pedal of theirs. In normal road conditions, there is no reason, other than poor driving, that anyone should ever have trouble merging into traffic.

      While I generally agree - it is the the responsibility of the person who is merging to match or exceed speed of existing traffic to perform the merge; but it is also the responsibility of those in the existing traffic to allow the merge to happen by not changing their speeds, etc and be courteous so that the merges happen properly.

      --
      Truth is like the sun. You can shut it out for a time, but it ain't goin' away. - Elvis Presley (source: imdb.com)
    59. Re: Merge problem by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Most people inmost countries don't even realize if it's legal or not. Even amongst riders themselves. Never had a near miss, or never got a ticket?

    60. Re:Merge problem by PrimaryConsult · · Score: 1

      I will let people in (either by slowing down or shifting over), and I have noticed when merging the same issue as you have. The best advice I got regarding this as a new driver was to shove in once going the speed of traffic. The guy who refuses to slow down will now be forced to, or we all swap stories for an hour waiting for the trooper.

    61. Re:Merge problem by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      That's why it is better to just use "car space" instead of "seconds" when calculating for safe distance.
      It is usually 1 car space per 10 kph. If you're travelling 80 kph, then 8 car space in front of you would be a safe distance.

    62. Re:Merge problem by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      If the US would adopt the strict standards, like in western Europe, with demonstrably lower accident rates, for obtaining a drivers license many of the problems would diminish, however a saturated traffic system cannot be easily helped. That is why effective urban planning is required, which may include things like effective public transportation. Unless you've seen this you would not understand it.
      If all vehicles where autonomous and controlled perhaps traffic lights could be eliminated. Speed would probably have to be lowered in intersections, but hey, 20mph for a short distance is better than 0mph for ~3 minutes (times 10).
      Of course anything that is in the public interest will not happen in the US, big corporations will take care of that.

    63. Re:Merge problem by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The old 2 second rule of thumb assumed 60 MPH top speed i.e. 88 feet/second or 176 feet in two seconds. A modern car can stop from 60 MPH in about 130 feet in ideal conditions, so this following distance gives you only about 30 feet to react and commence maximum braking.

      But, the kinetic energy of the car increases as the square of velocity rather than linearly. The minimum braking distance is proportional to this energy since it is essentially force-limited by tire traction, so braking distance also increases as the square of velocity. If 2 seconds is barely safe at 60 MPH, it is not safe at 70 or 80 MPH.

      Meanwhile, on our actual freeways here in California, I see people regularly following with only 3-4 car lengths or about 60 feet at speeds in the 60-80 MPH range! If they actually followed the 2 or 3.5 second rule, they would be considered "slower traffic" which better move over and let people pass.

    64. Re:Merge problem by PingPongBoy · · Score: 1

      > overall traffic flow seems most efficient

      What you have to worry about is your own efficiency. Best way is to find roads that are good at moving volume and if possible use roads when fewer people are doing the same. Second best case: only spending a few extra minutes in a logjam, i.e., having no more than a short distance to go in crowded conditions.

      Finding roads is a matter of exploring alternate routes, seeing which is typically overloaded.

      For future tech: dense population areas might achieve speedups by communicating with vehicles and alternating priorities between long segments of travel. Say there are several clustered vehicles planning to go from region A to region B while there is a cluster planning to go from region C to region D, and even another planning to go from E to F, and so on.

      Then if there is a server that can control traffic lights, and these vehicles talk to the server, the lights can be controlled to prioritize A-B (and other non-interfering paths) for some time, C-D for some time, E-F for some time (perhaps as long as 5 or 10 minutes if the clusters are large), etc., that could speed up travel in crowded conditions. Alternatively, it can be simply advertised that a few particular region pairs become prioritized during rush hour(s), and then people can conform to the region pairs that are most suited, or avoid routes that involve the mass movements because there will be tons of people queuing up for their turn.

      Having prioritizing periods could drain large portions of traffic as opposed to just letting people have a free-for-all, and then they just inch along wondering what
      all the taillights ahead are thinking of. Freeways were the dumb (i.e., low tech) way to join large population sources and drains. The freeways filled up quickly because they brought people to an area that was a lot slower. In these areas, there are still finer grains of mass movement, and if these areas are handled with a prioritization scheme, masses of people can be gotten out of the way

      --
      Know your pads. One time pad: good for cryptography. Two timing pad: where to take your mistress.
    65. Re: Merge problem by loufoque · · Score: 1

      In Europe the driving test focuses on safety, so driving efficiently and dealing with comolex road networks or large amount of traffic is not taught at all.
      It's not fit for purpose at all.

      People usually consider they have to de-learn and re-learn how to drive once they've passed their test, and actual drivers that need to retake a test consider it going into gramps mode.

    66. Re:Merge problem by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      They do that on freeway on ramps in peak hour here. Lights let go "packets" with two cars every few seconds. Or at least that's the theory: in practice a lot of people just ignore it.

    67. Re:Merge problem by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The problem is the general attitude of drivers, especially of big SUVs. When they drive right up to your back, you're kind of forced to slow down, unless forfeit any chance to brake without getting hammered from behind (no you're NOT that good a driver!). This excarbates the impatience and the problem unfortunately, but sane drivers are not willing to forgo safety in order to arrive 2 seconds faster than the next guy.

      At winter, I laugh when I see your car in a ditch somewhere, but cry for the deer you hit with your insured SUV.

    68. Re: Merge problem by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Support highway neutrality...!?

    69. Re:Merge problem by Highdude702 · · Score: 1

      How does pointing out something I have observed over the last 20 years make me a bigot? Don't let your feelings get in the way of truth.

    70. Re:Merge problem by BasilBrush · · Score: 1

      A racist would say the same thing.

    71. Re: Merge problem by Ol+Olsoc · · Score: 1

      Lane splitting assholes like you are a menace, and I only hope that when you get into your inevitable accident, A) you don't harm any innocent drivers, and B) it is only your brain that ends up smeared along the pavement, so your organs are in decent enough shape to help someone who needs them. Of course, with your penchant for stupidly risky behavior, I imagine your liver, kidneys, spleen, heart, and lungs are probably already wrecked.

      You need to say that to the next Biker you pull alongside at a traffic light. I'm certain they will be suitibly impressed.

      --
      The shepherds did so well protecting the flock that the sheep no longer believed that wolves existed.
    72. Re: Merge problem by Ol+Olsoc · · Score: 1

      Got a little over 1.3 million miles in the saddle, filtered and split on 6 Continents, never had a problem yet... Seems that about 95% of all riders in the world (being in Europe and Asia) have little to no problem with lane splitting and filtering - given that it's legal pretty much everywhere except 49 of the 50 States and Canada. But hey, let's all stay cooped up in cars, taking even more space, burning even more fuel, and damaging roads even further, rather than doing the responsible thing like getting a vehicle just big enough to serve you - and living in with it.

      Take pity on the poor coward. He gets upset when those mean motorcycles pass him on the way to the topless coffee kiosk when he gets as close to a naked woman as he ever will, and then you pass him again on his way back to mom's basement to wank to his memory of her. The topless barista, that is. Or maybe not.

      --
      The shepherds did so well protecting the flock that the sheep no longer believed that wolves existed.
    73. Re: Merge problem by Ol+Olsoc · · Score: 1

      That's some hate! I guess you never venture to California, or anywhere overseas! You must have a damn-near aneurysm at every light, seeing all those scooters and motorcycles filter forward and split away...

      The weird thing is he doesn't seem to realize that it helps traffic flow. Imagine if every one of those two wheelers stopped "properly", and backed traffic up. But some folks are just cranky old fscks.

      Started my bike today in the garage to let it exercise and keep the battery charged. Wife bought me a new helmet for Christmas. First time the roads get safe here, I'm ridin'.

      --
      The shepherds did so well protecting the flock that the sheep no longer believed that wolves existed.
    74. Re: Merge problem by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      In Europe the driving test focuses on safety, so driving efficiently and dealing with comolex road networks or large amount of traffic is not taught at all.

      This is not true. Both are taught extensively.

      People usually consider they have to de-learn and re-learn how to drive once they've passed their test, and actual drivers that need to retake a test consider it going into gramps mode.

      You won't pass the test driving in gramps mode. You do need to look in your mirrors a bit more explicitly (i.e., visible to the examiner) than you would otherwise, though.

    75. Re:Merge problem by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Any device capable of carrying 10 or more people is a bus.

    76. Re: Merge problem by LynnwoodRooster · · Score: 1

      Precisely! Taking cars off the road in exchange for motorcycles is a great thing. Suddenly that 4 lane highway could become a 10 lane bikeway. With better acceleration and braking as well, you can easily increase the highway capacity by a factor of 4 or more. If highway capacity bumped that much - there wouldn't be any rush-hour traffic jams.

      --
      Browsing at +1 - no ACs, I ignore their posts. So refreshing!
    77. Re:Merge problem by Man+Eating+Duck · · Score: 1

      But that's just for the cold. Snowy days like today in PA really put a cramp in riding.

      Get yourself a suitable bike and tyres, and you're good to go :)

      I live in Norway. I bought a used Yamaha WR250R, put studded knobbies on it, and started winter riding on it a few weeks back. With these tyres slippery roads are no problem for a non-novice driver, in fact my very first winter trip on this bike was in a veritable snow storm with the roads covered by 15-20cm of fresh snow. Gravel, trail or dirt track experience is a bonus, but not necessary. I have ridden a manual Vespa with studless winter tyres for several winters as well, it's doable.

      While not common among motorcyclists even in Norway, there are quite a few that ride all seasons. Many prefer smaller street legal dual sports like the DRZ 400S, WR250R and Honda CRF250L/Rally. Adventure-style bikes like the TransAlp, Africa Twin and BMW GS bikes are also very well suited.

      I'm sure you can get someone to produce studded tyres in PA as well, if you're interested drop me an email (guess my gmail address from my username) and I'll provide details :)

      --
      Are you a grammar Nazi? I'm trying to improve my English; please correct my errors! :)
    78. Re: Merge problem by Ol+Olsoc · · Score: 1

      Precisely! Taking cars off the road in exchange for motorcycles is a great thing. Suddenly that 4 lane highway could become a 10 lane bikeway. With better acceleration and braking as well, you can easily increase the highway capacity by a factor of 4 or more. If highway capacity bumped that much - there wouldn't be any rush-hour traffic jams.

      I suspect that the practicalities of the matter will take care of the issue as the freeways jam up even more. Bikes will be the cure. As well as the fun, I can cruise a long way on a little gas. My ride is a VTC1100 Spirit, and for all it's size, it gets 50 MPG. Seems if you remove the baffles or just get low restriction pipes, the gas mileage goes way up. I did both. It's a little loud, but when I get someone glaring at me, I know that they know I'm there. I'm about 80K now, and it shows no signs of getting tired - it'll still pull stumps. Hopefully I'll annoy AC some day - that's on my bucket list.

      --
      The shepherds did so well protecting the flock that the sheep no longer believed that wolves existed.
    79. Re:Merge problem by Ol+Olsoc · · Score: 1

      But that's just for the cold. Snowy days like today in PA really put a cramp in riding.

      Get yourself a suitable bike and tyres, and you're good to go :)

      I live in Norway. I bought a used Yamaha WR250R, put studded knobbies on it, and started winter riding on it a few weeks back.

      This reminded me of ice racing motorcycles. They used to show it on "Wide World of Sports" every winter. And they still have it it seems. https://www.youtube.com/watch?... .

      I'm assuiming the studs on your tires are not the same as the ice racers. I owuldn't want to lay the bike down doing that stuff!

      But how do you deal with the varying road surfaces? Studs are a little scary on a non-snow or ice covered road.

      --
      The shepherds did so well protecting the flock that the sheep no longer believed that wolves existed.
    80. Re:Merge problem by Man+Eating+Duck · · Score: 1

      But how do you deal with the varying road surfaces? Studs are a little scary on a non-snow or ice covered road.

      Mine are road-legal studs, protruding only 1.2mm from the surface of the knobs. On tarmac the rubber will be in contact with the road, making me able to drive and brake almost as normal. I allow for a little longer brake distance. I wouldn't do wheelies on ice or lean down too far, but the grip on ice is more than enough for normal driving. Curves are comparable to riding on gravel. Brake distance increases to about double, so you have to allow for that. Overall I'm impressed with the traction I get, and for the daily commute it's all I need.

      --
      Are you a grammar Nazi? I'm trying to improve my English; please correct my errors! :)
    81. Re:Merge problem by mjwx · · Score: 1

      I was in Bangkok a few weeks back, and it occurred to me that people riding motorcycles and scooters in that city probably get places twice as fast as cars, because at every red light, people on two-wheeled vehicles split lanes and move to the front - this appears to be perfectly legal there. Every time a light turns green, there's a flock of motorcycles and scooters at the front of the line, riding until they catch up to the next red light, where they then filter to the front again.

      Feel free to look at the road toll of Thailand any time. Last time I checked it was in excess of 25 per 100,000. To put that into perspective, the US is 10-12 per 100,000 and the UK is 3 per 100,000.

      Filtering is legal here in the UK, but the main reason we get to places faster despite having narrower roads is because everyone by and large follows the rules, 2 or 4 wheels. Drivers tend to be more polite too.

      Last time I drove in the US, lane and distance discipline was an absolute mess. It was like the wild west compared to the UK, lots of wide open spaces but no fucking rules (and it was Florida, so chances are someone was packing a six-gun).

      --
      Calling someone a "hater" only means you can not rationally rebut their argument.
    82. Re:Merge problem by Ol+Olsoc · · Score: 1

      But how do you deal with the varying road surfaces? Studs are a little scary on a non-snow or ice covered road.

      Mine are road-legal studs, protruding only 1.2mm from the surface of the knobs. On tarmac the rubber will be in contact with the road, making me able to drive and brake almost as normal. I allow for a little longer brake distance. I wouldn't do wheelies on ice or lean down too far, but the grip on ice is more than enough for normal driving. Curves are comparable to riding on gravel. Brake distance increases to about double, so you have to allow for that. Overall I'm impressed with the traction I get, and for the daily commute it's all I need.

      Okay. I've had them on autos before..

      As for your English, what I have read is impeccable and indistinguishable from an educated American speaker. Certainly much better than any Norwegian I can muster, which is limited to simple phrases like "God morgen",

      --
      The shepherds did so well protecting the flock that the sheep no longer believed that wolves existed.
    83. Re:Merge problem by MachineShedFred · · Score: 1

      If you were in South Florida, I'm guessing you were driving on I-95 which really is the wild west, even compared to other US states and different highways in Florida. If you were to use the Florida Turnpike instead which is basically a parallel route, it's far more calm and usually much quicker to get somewhere because all the circus animals are being assholes for "free" on I-95.

      Amazing what a tiny toll does for cleaning up behavior.

      --
      Slashdot still doesnâ(TM)t support Unicode after it was added to the HTML standard in 1997.
    84. Re:Merge problem by mjwx · · Score: 1

      If you were in South Florida, I'm guessing you were driving on I-95 which really is the wild west, even compared to other US states and different highways in Florida. If you were to use the Florida Turnpike instead which is basically a parallel route, it's far more calm and usually much quicker to get somewhere because all the circus animals are being assholes for "free" on I-95.

      Amazing what a tiny toll does for cleaning up behavior.

      It was just Miami, I didn't get onto any of the interstates in Florida. A six lane dual carriageway is not something we see often here in the UK... However despite the signage there's always someone cutting from lane 3 to 1 in order to take a right.

      --
      Calling someone a "hater" only means you can not rationally rebut their argument.
    85. Re:Merge problem by Highdude702 · · Score: 1

      lol your type really is something else. its always "the man's" fault

    86. Re:Merge problem by BasilBrush · · Score: 1

      "My type"? More bigotry.

      "Always the man's fault". Oh, poor repressed you.

    87. Re:Merge problem by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      And who makes that assumption, apart from you?

  3. Traffic in Mumbai by david.emery · · Score: 2

    I was trying to get from the Domestic to the International terminal, about 5km, in a cab (along with wife and luggage). The lightrail system was under construction, which added to the mess. Traffic was gridlocked until about midnight, when it started moving. Turns out there was one traffic light that caused the gridlock. Once that went to flashing yellow, the drivers negotiated their way through the intersection.

    1. Re: Traffic in Mumbai by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Sounds like you are scared and confused. Maybe you are weak and cannot adapt. As the world terrorizes you more and more, you become agitated and angry. The gibberish coming from your mouth stops making sense and you flail about uselessly. Whatever strength and wisdom you had is gone.

    2. Re:Traffic in Mumbai by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I had the same experience back in 2008 trying to get to the Int'l terminal, Mumbai seemed to be entirely gridlocked at 12AM. The real city that never sleeps.

    3. Re: Traffic in Mumbai by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Ever thought about what the tire difference is for the scammers in Mumbai with their victims, that is why the city never sleeps.

    4. Re:Traffic in Mumbai by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I remember seeing a document about a small German town where the traffic lights were simply removed and let the drivers negotiate the intersections. Accident rate didn't raise and the traffic was still smooth, with the more alert drivers. Apparently the idea could scale to much bigger scenarios.

    5. Re:Traffic in Mumbai by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      More fool you for taking a Cab. The Inter Terminal Bus used roads that normal traffic was not allowed on.
      I used it all the time when transferring to/from a London flight to/from one to Kolkata or Chennai or Pune.

  4. No clickbait headlines by Kohath · · Score: 1, Insightful

    Math says you're treating Slashdot readers wrong and it's making the internet worse for all of us.

    1. Re:No clickbait headlines by Mr+D+from+63 · · Score: 5, Informative

      Common sense says we don't need math to show what is slowing down traffic. Maintaining distance really means matching speed, acceleration, and deceleration. If those happen distance itself becomes less of a key factor. Added distance is just an aid for drivers who aren't good at staying with traffic flow.

      If you want traffic improvement,
      1) get left lane laggards to drive properly and not slow down faster traffic
      2) get everyone to be expeditious when intersection lights turn green
      3) teach people not to contribute to traffic compression waves by over decelerating and then under accelerating

    2. Re:No clickbait headlines by religionofpeas · · Score: 1

      It's hard not to be a laggard, and always expeditious, while simultaneously not over accelerate/decelerate.

      Common sense says we don't need math to show what is slowing down traffic.

      Slow traffic is caused by trying to put more cars on a stretch of road than it can handle.

    3. Re: No clickbait headlines by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      It's also caused by assholes driving 10mph under the limit instead of taking a slower limit road, and doing it in the fast lane.

    4. Re:No clickbait headlines by Mr+D+from+63 · · Score: 2

      Slow traffic is caused by trying to put more cars on a stretch of road than it can handle.

      True in many but not all cases. If you increase throughput by managing congestion, you reduce the number of cars on the road at a given time.

    5. Re:No clickbait headlines by Known+Nutter · · Score: 2

      How am I supposed to do all that shit when I've committed 96% of my attention to my iPhone?

      --
      Beware of the Leopard.
    6. Re:No clickbait headlines by bidule · · Score: 1

      The reason math won is that you don't need to dampen spike if nobody creates spike.Theory vs reality.

      --
      ID: the nose did not occur naturally, how would we wear glasses otherwise? (apologies to Voltaire)
    7. Re:No clickbait headlines by bws111 · · Score: 1

      The funny thing is that the 'left lane laggards' that cause the problem are quite often speeders. I see this all the time. Someone in the right lane wants to pass, so they move into the left lane and start the pass. They are moving faster than the right lane, probably faster then the speed limit. They are not a 'laggard'. But then some aggressive speeder can't be bothered to notice (or care) that traffic is going slower, so he comes right up on the car in front and BRAKES. Now he is going slower than everyone else, even if only for a moment. Because he is not only going slower, but also showing his brake lights, the people behind him brake and slow, and pretty soon the line is at a dead stop.

    8. Re:No clickbait headlines by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      4) Half the people driving around probably don't need to be, and are just making wasted trips for "convenience".

    9. Re:No clickbait headlines by pezpunk · · Score: 1

      yep, this. unfortunately, this would require at least 70% of the people driving to divert an additional 15% of their interest towards the activity of driving. how do you accomplish that?

      --
      i could live a little longer in this prison
    10. Re:No clickbait headlines by Kjella · · Score: 2

      Meh, I don't think it'll get much better than today. Commute driving is a solid mix of people who are either:

      a) Late, stressed and glued to the rear bumper in front of them
      b) Bored, zoned out and mentally passing the time with something else

      It's human nature that you'll have a huge variation in reaction time and aggressiveness to close the gaps. I have a good view of that near work, due to a slope, bridge and intersection on the other side you can see probably 30-40 cars at once at rush hour. You see the green light and can count like 1-2-3-4-5 cars getting in motion, the first 20 or so will be on the bridge and mostly just see the car in front of them. In a drill you could have great performance, same way you can evacuate a jumbo jet in less than 90 seconds. In practice you can see the gaps and the snake buckling.

      Once we have all have (semi-)autonomous cars I expect this will look more like a train with invisible couplings rolling out of the station, the car just has to keep a minimum safe distance but this is exactly the kind of micromanagement computers excel at. I don't think you even have to do anything in particular to make it happen, all you need is extreme consistency and it comes pretty much free. Maybe you can optimize it further but I think 95% of the gains come from simply moving the instant it's safe to do so.

      --
      Live today, because you never know what tomorrow brings
    11. Re:No clickbait headlines by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Red lights are really good examples of this. When the light changes, everyone should go. Instead we wait for the preceeding car to get some distance away. Why? It's maddening. If you are maintaining a 2 second distance, you can get pretty close at low speed.

    12. Re:No clickbait headlines by cascadingstylesheet · · Score: 1

      If you want traffic improvement, 1) get left lane laggards to drive properly and not slow down faster traffic 2) get everyone to be expeditious when intersection lights turn green 3) teach people not to contribute to traffic compression waves by over decelerating and then under accelerating

      "Get other people to do stuff" is not usually a productive strategy ...

      What you do have the power to change is your own driving.

    13. Re:No clickbait headlines by HornWumpus · · Score: 1

      TLDR

      Impression: You think there's nothing wrong with camping in the passing lane going 55.0001 MPH.

      --
      John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
    14. Re:No clickbait headlines by bws111 · · Score: 1

      Maybe you are just really bad at estimating distance or time. At only 10MPH, 2 seconds is 30 feet. The average city street is about that width. So, if you are stopped at a red light behind other cars, and you manage to accelerate to 10MPH before entering the cross street, the car in front of you should have completely cleared the cross street before you enter it.

    15. Re:No clickbait headlines by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      they're in the left lane texting

    16. Re:No clickbait headlines by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      You're a tailgater. Distance is required to allow for merges. It a string of tailgaters is on the highway, everything slows down as all the non-idiots have to deal with the effectively static block of inhibited access.

    17. Re:No clickbait headlines by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      What the hell?

    18. Re:No clickbait headlines by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Passing another car is "camping" in the left lane because they aren't speeding enough. They aren't going as fast as you, so they must be going 55.0001. I agree with whoever it was above that said most traffic problems are caused by impatience.

      I bet you're also one of those people who can't wait another second when I'm passing someone at 70-75, for me to clear a safe distance to merge right (even when I've got my right turn signal on) and zips around into the right lane trapping me in the left to continue to "camp".

    19. Re:No clickbait headlines by pezpunk · · Score: 1

      lol i remember that site from like 1998. can't believe it's still around.

      --
      i could live a little longer in this prison
    20. Re:No clickbait headlines by bws111 · · Score: 1

      I neither said nor implied any such thing. If you are going 70MPH passing someone going 65, a properly executed pass takes about 30 seconds. It is entirely reasonable for someone going 70 to pass someone going 65.

      During that 30 seconds, someone doing 80 will travel about 500 feet more than the person doing 70. If the person doing 80 was 500 feet behind the person doing 70 when the pass started, they will encounter each other at the very end of the pass for a very short time. At any time during that 30 seconds, the speeder could have adjusted his speed very slightly, no braking required, and avoided encountering the passer at all.

      But, the idiot speeders don't do that. Instead, they assume that the passer is 'camped' in the left lane, and keep up their speed until they are forced to brake. And then the problems happen.

    21. Re:No clickbait headlines by Mr+D+from+63 · · Score: 1

      Changing my driving won't fix left lane laggards from slowing others down.

    22. Re:No clickbait headlines by Mr+D+from+63 · · Score: 1

      The reason math won is that you don't need to dampen spike if nobody creates spike.Theory vs reality.

      Even math can't prevent the inevitable occasional need for traffic to slow down. For example, a deer won't take time to learn the math before it crosses the road.

    23. Re:No clickbait headlines by BasilBrush · · Score: 1

      But seriously, you're not. But it's a good heuristic for autonomous vehicles or adaptive cruise control.

    24. Re:No clickbait headlines by chihowa · · Score: 1

      What you describe surely happens, but left lane "camping" is a very real thing and seems to be getting worse. Examples from my recent experience, which you can find ample evidence of on Youtube:

      - There's a stretch of interstate that I used to take to work that had miles-long stretches of cars packing the left lane (which is decorated by regular "Keep Right Except to Pass" signs) and nobody in the right lane at all.

      - People regularly enter interstate highways and immediately head for the far left lane, regardless of how occupied any of the other lanes are.

      - Around here, if you see a pickup truck or an old person in a luxury sedan, they are invariably in the left lane and going at or below the speed limit. All of the rest of the traffic is streaming around them on the right.

      TL;DR: Left lane "camping" is (very very often) not just a figment in the imagination of impatient people.

      --
      If you want a vision of the future, imagine a youtube comments section scrolling - forever.
    25. Re: No clickbait headlines by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      If only they world get to 10mph leaving the intersection.

      And yes, I "jack rabbit" if I am at the head of the line. The light timing is set up to require brisk acceleration to the next light.

    26. Re:No clickbait headlines by cascadingstylesheet · · Score: 1

      lol i remember that site from like 1998. can't believe it's still around.

      The fundamentals of traffic haven't changed much since then :)

    27. Re:No clickbait headlines by dilvish_the_damned · · Score: 1

      My math says on overage we are mediocre at best and 1/2 of us are worse than that.
      One personal observation: being younger does not make you a better driver, it just means your more likely to think your not as bad a driver as you are. Experience is likely to teach you differently, according to my math.

      --
      I think you underestimate just how much I just dont care.
    28. Re:No clickbait headlines by Mr+D+from+63 · · Score: 1

      My math says on overage we are mediocre at best and 1/2 of us are worse than that. One personal observation: being younger does not make you a better driver, it just means your more likely to think your not as bad a driver as you are. Experience is likely to teach you differently, according to my math.

      I wish I were younger, regardless.

    29. Re:No clickbait headlines by Anubis+IV · · Score: 1

      What you describe does happen, minus the “problem” part. After all, if the 80 guy is moving like that then he’s leaving a void in his wake because he’s the fastest one around. As such, there isn’t anyone immediately behind him who puts on their brakes, except in the rare circumstance where they happened to get behind Mr. 80 right as he came up on the 70 guy, despite their ability to see what was about to happen.

    30. Re:No clickbait headlines by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I've had a couple times where if I had decided to "just go", I would have gotten t-boned pretty hard. No, when the light turns green you really have to take a few moments to be sure there aren't any idiots who decided they need to run the red light.

    31. Re:No clickbait headlines by serviscope_minor · · Score: 1

      1) get left lane laggards to drive properly and not slow down faster traffic

      You have it the wrong way round: you'd be better off slowing down the faster cars, since roads have more capacity with slower vehicles due to the reduced stopping distances.

      In fact on the M25 (the busiest motorway in the UK), they have variable speed limit sections and they lower the speed limit when the traffic is heavier to improve the throughput of the road.

      PS on an unrelated note (and because Im still 12) the IEEE use initialisms in most places for their journals. Also the founder of this journal was not a native English speaker. No one though to tell him that the initialism spelled TITS and that this was perhaps not ideal. It made me giggle every time I got a paper from TITS to review. They've since changed it so it's now T-ITS, except the old name is still embedded in the DOIs they assign to each of the papers.

      *giggle* TITS *snicker*

      --
      SJW n. One who posts facts.
    32. Re:No clickbait headlines by Mr+D+from+63 · · Score: 1

      1) get left lane laggards to drive properly and not slow down faster traffic

      You have it the wrong way round: you'd be better off slowing down the faster cars, since roads have more capacity with slower vehicles due to the reduced stopping distances.

      If cars move faster, they are on the road for a shorter amount of time and therefore if all cars are moving faster there are less cars on the road at any given time. Increasing average speed decreases time of congestion. But there is no solution for roads that are way over congested, and cars on those roads will slow down regardless because they are forced to.

      However, congestion can form on a road due to left lane laggards, and often does, even when the number of cars on the road is significantly less than capacity.

    33. Re:No clickbait headlines by Acy+James+Stapp · · Score: 1

      Why measure a thing you are trying to control when you could just measure the derivatives and second derivatives? Nothing bad could happen here.

      --
      -- Too lazy to get a lower UID.
    34. Re:No clickbait headlines by Man+Eating+Duck · · Score: 1

      If you want traffic improvement,
      1) get left lane laggards to drive properly and not slow down faster traffic
      2) get everyone to be expeditious when intersection lights turn green
      3) teach people not to contribute to traffic compression waves by over decelerating and then under accelerating

      4) jail truck drivers who idle in a single lane road until there's a 150m gap, then close the distance and repeat.
      5) teach people to actually accelerate and merge from on-ramps.

      --
      Are you a grammar Nazi? I'm trying to improve my English; please correct my errors! :)
    35. Re:No clickbait headlines by RockDoctor · · Score: 1
      Just think of that tasty, tenderised venison as evolution in action.

      But make sure you cull the population at the yearling age group - before the ones that don't understand traffic get a chance to breed.

      --
      Birds are not dinosaur descendants;birds are dinosaurs, for all useful meanings of "birds", "are" and "dinosaurs"
  5. Math is the death of engineering and reason by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Lazy people sit in cubicles writing equations and telling us how to move our bodies.

    1. Re:Math is the death of engineering and reason by HornWumpus · · Score: 1

      Bad math. If you use oversimplified or wrong models, you will solve for bullshit.

      That's why you have to explicitly state you assumptions, then go back over your solution checking them. e.g. sin(theta) = theta. Fine, no problem, theta better be small when all's said and done, or you've just wasted your time.

      'Engineers' that don't use math, those are the ones to watch out for.

      --
      John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
  6. This doesn't work, although it might by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Once we have car to car communication. This type of driving would be possible. But without knowing what the average speed is of all the cars in our traffic area, we will never get it right. What's to stop someone from merging? Also, murmurs of birds or whatever works because they are generally going in the same direction. Traffic doesn't work that way. There is constant oncoming and departing traffic at VARYING SPEEDS. Also, accidents and complete stops due to vehicle problems. This is the kind of research done at Reddit University.

    1. Re: This doesn't work, although it might by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      As a driver, I see the car ahead and the car behind. Keeping equal distance is then trivial, no further comms needed.

      If the car ahead brakes, I brake before catching up completely.

      If the car behind gets closer, I increase the speed maintaining equal but shrinking space.

      Easily.

    2. Re:This doesn't work, although it might by arth1 · · Score: 1

      Once we have car to car communication. This type of driving would be possible.

      That doesn't imply it would be desirable. Cars are not only for transportation from A to B.
      The day I can't go on a joyride anymore, I won't be using a self-driven queue-communicating cart; I will be using public transportation.

    3. Re: This doesn't work, although it might by phayes · · Score: 2

      If everyone is accelerating when the car behind them gets closer all it takes is one tailgating asshole to produce a multiple car collision hasard of cars driving too close together.

      Don't drive closer to the car in front of you than security dictates, even if there is a tailgater behind you.

      --
      Democracy is a sheep and two wolves deciding what to have for lunch. Freedom is a well armed sheep contesting the issue
    4. Re: This doesn't work, although it might by religionofpeas · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Don't drive closer to the car in front of you than security dictates, even if there is a tailgater behind you.

      You should do exactly the opposite. If someone tailgates you, leave more distance in front of you so you can afford to brake slowly, giving the person behind you more warning time.

    5. Re:This doesn't work, although it might by ceoyoyo · · Score: 2

      That will help solve the traffic problem too.

    6. Re: This doesn't work, although it might by orlanz · · Score: 1

      They say that in the article, itâ(TM)s meant for autonomous cars.

    7. Re: This doesn't work, although it might by Highdude702 · · Score: 1

      I love tailgaters. I always just let off the gas pedal, I refuse to speed or tailgate because some asshole doesn't know how to drive safely.

    8. Re: This doesn't work, although it might by Highdude702 · · Score: 1

      You must live in an apartment above the starbucks you work in. I understand your kind now.

    9. Re: This doesn't work, although it might by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Nice idea, but it doesn't work in America.

      I grew up / learned to drive in a country where larger following distances are the norm, and you follow trucks far enough back that you can see their mirrors otherwise they cant see you! Generally by habit will leave several generous car lengths between me and the car in the front, but in the US people see that gap as a place for them to move over into, thus I have to drop back a little from them, and then the process repeats. I get f***ed off with this BS and close the gap up so people will stop doing that.

    10. Re: This doesn't work, although it might by welshie · · Score: 2

      Brake lights cause traffic jams. If you're on a motorway (freeway), never use your brake pedal except in an emergency. That's what engine braking (or regenerative braking on modern cars) is for. Keeping a steady speed, and only accelerating and decelerating slowly helps other drivers to match speed when merging, it also does wonders for fuel economy.

    11. Re: This doesn't work, although it might by HornWumpus · · Score: 1

      You were doing it right, now your just another Bay Aryan.

      --
      John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
    12. Re: This doesn't work, although it might by phayes · · Score: 1

      In your environment, you may be able to, not in mine. I live in a large municipal area with over 12 million people and dense traffic. Leaving >2 times the usual inter-car distance in front of you is self defeating as other cars will just accelerate to cut in front of you& then brake to avoid running into the vehicle in front of him. You are again left with left with the usual inter-car distance or often less and a vehicle actively braking causing you to have to brake to re-establish it.

      For me a tailgater is note someone just uncomfortably close but someone who is so close that he cannot avoid rear-ending me because he is so close that he cannot react fast enough even if I have to brake moderately.

      As welshie noted, I agree that brake lights are often the initiating act of slowdowns/jams as those behind you often brake harder than you did & it is self-reinforcing. Using motor/regenerative braking is best.

      --
      Democracy is a sheep and two wolves deciding what to have for lunch. Freedom is a well armed sheep contesting the issue
    13. Re: This doesn't work, although it might by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      If you're using your brakes to control your speed on the highway you're not a good driver.

    14. Re: This doesn't work, although it might by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I use to respond like you when I was younger, and I was a worse driver for it. There can be some satisfaction in not devolving into the irrational, inconsiderate behavior a lot of drivers exhibit.

    15. Re: This doesn't work, although it might by religionofpeas · · Score: 1

      Then only leave 1.5 times the distance. If you have the minimum safe distance in front, and the car in front of you slams on the brake, with someone else riding your tail, you'll end up in a collision.

      If you can't leave enough space in front, because people end up cutting in, then move over and let the tailgater pass.

    16. Re: This doesn't work, although it might by phayes · · Score: 1

      You don't live in a highly congested urban area and it shows in your comments. 1.5 time the usual distance is insufficient to "afford to brake slowly" per your first comment.

      Rewarding tailgaters by moving out of their way in dense traffic where all lanes are full is not helping safety because it will only engender more tailgaters. When traffic is sufficiently sparse that there is a speed difference between lanes, we do move right here. The problem isn't when traffic is fluid nor when it is barely moving.

      --
      Democracy is a sheep and two wolves deciding what to have for lunch. Freedom is a well armed sheep contesting the issue
    17. Re: This doesn't work, although it might by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Well, it will be an emergency if you never use it. Not using it is the ideal, but heavy traffic can slow down really quickly, so even if you do leave a good distance to the car in front, you can still end up needing to brake.

    18. Re: This doesn't work, although it might by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      That's fine.

      JUST DO IT IN THE RIGHT LANE, ASSHOLE.

      Unrelated note:
      Filter error: Don't use so many caps. It's like YELLING.
      Filter error: Don't use so many caps. It's like YELLING.
      Filter error: Don't use so many caps. It's like YELLING.
      Filter error: Don't use so many caps. It's like YELLING.

    19. Re: This doesn't work, although it might by jrumney · · Score: 1

      Engine braking is also good for dealing with tailgaters. A couple of rounds of slowing down without using the brakes, first just by taking your foot off the accelerator, then if they continue to tailgate, changing down to decelerate faster usually gives them enough doubt about your brake lights working that most of them will drop back for their own safety.

    20. Re: This doesn't work, although it might by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Funny, but a good tip. Better if you can use your hand brakes, since that won't trigger your brake lights. Or if your bumper or behind needs some new replacement, just pull the handbrakes heavily and let it get bumped to give the guy a good lesson.

    21. Re: This doesn't work, although it might by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I was once following a 2017 Audi A8 sedan, a high end car with 4-disc brakes. I am just driving a 2017 Toyota Corolloa with only 2-disc brakes. When the guy on Audi, in front of me, slammed his brakes he was able to stop at a shorter distance than my lowly Corolla, hence I hit his bumper but I won with insurance claims because I asked the police to check his smartphone logs, turns out he was talking to someone on his phone when he slammed his brakes.

    22. Re: This doesn't work, although it might by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I don't think you have driven on a highway in a metropolitan area. If traffic is so packed that you can't leave a safe distance in front of you, then you definitely can't afford to split your attention looking for a car-sized gap in the lane to the right. Assuming you're not already in the rightmost lane.

    23. Re: This doesn't work, although it might by mjwx · · Score: 1

      Brake lights cause traffic jams.

      On a motorway (or any other free flowing carriageway) they create traffic waves rather than jams. Traffic waves are when traffic slows down for a short while and then speeds up with no apparent cause. People doing the brake light shuffle cause these, same as people who lane weave.

      Traffic jams are caused by people stopping unnecessarily (or sometimes poor road design).

      Keeping a steady speed, and only accelerating and decelerating slowly helps other drivers to match speed when merging

      This, also remember to create gaps earlier for the car in front to merge into (merge like a zipper), if you don't you end up stop/starting at the merge point as you have to bring the whole procession to a halt to let the guy in front in.

      --
      Calling someone a "hater" only means you can not rationally rebut their argument.
    24. Re: This doesn't work, although it might by bhiestand · · Score: 1

      Engine braking is also good for dealing with tailgaters. A couple of rounds of slowing down without using the brakes, first just by taking your foot off the accelerator, then if they continue to tailgate, changing down to decelerate faster usually gives them enough doubt about your brake lights working that most of them will drop back for their own safety.

      Alternatively, you could move out of the left lane and let them pass you.

      I don't tailgate often, but when passing on the right isn't safe, but a vehicle is obstructing traffic on the left, I will get close to let them know I would like to pass. The drivers who slow down even further and get all self-righteous in their zeal to slow traffic should really have their licenses zapped.

      Why start a petty battle, further increasing the danger of the situation, instead of simply letting drivers who want to pass pass?

      --
      SWM seeks new sig for a brief fling
    25. Re: This doesn't work, although it might by jrumney · · Score: 1

      Some of us drive in different traffic conditions to you. When people tailgate me, finding a gap to pull into safely lets the tailgater get one space forward in the queue so they can tailgate the next car. It rewards their road-bullying behavior, ensuring they will continue to do it in future, inconveniences me, the car in front that now has someone tailgating them, and the cars in the other lane that I had to pull into. Dealing with the problem in a way that puts a stop to the behavior is better for everyone.

  7. uhh yea by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    If everyone went the exact same speed everyone could go faster. Isn't that the requirement for keeping the same distance?

    And then something disrupts the pattern, a gentle slope, an onramp, etc and the whole thing falls apart. Traffic is born from disturbances. I hope there is more to the paper than in TFS.

    1. Re:uhh yea by Kobun · · Score: 1

      This video is nine years old and shows something similar, and the flow concept underlying it has been discussed for decades ... https://www.youtube.com/watch?...

    2. Re: uhh yea by orlanz · · Score: 1

      Well, they are just saying that rather than minimum distances, safe distances, or buffers on the prior, equal front-back distance is a better model for throughput. Not that it will prevent traffic jams. And it is meant for autonomous cars.

      A centrally managed system would probably be better but an anonymous car will not be able to determine that on its own.

  8. Nothing more annoying by Fly+Swatter · · Score: 2

    than getting stuck behind a driver that keeps racing up to the car in front of them and then hitting the brakes, falling back and doing it all over again. Keep it steady man.

    1. Re:Nothing more annoying by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      this doesn't bother me as I can still maintain an average and constant speed, what bothers me is that the momentary gap that they create is immediately filled by the idiot in the adjacent lane for no fucking reason other than it exists.

    2. Re:Nothing more annoying by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      My radar controlled dynamic cruise control car does this automatically. Don't fight with my car's algorithm, lol.

    3. Re:Nothing more annoying by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I find it exhausting to be behind a laggard who dawdles up to every intersection. I have to pay attention to them for much more time.

    4. Re:Nothing more annoying by AmiMoJo · · Score: 2

      It's incredible how many people can't even maintain a constant speed on a motorway/highway. If you turn on cruise control you quickly find that people randomly accelerate and decelerate.

      I also find that when trying to overtake people they often speed up. I think it's unconscious, at least I hope it is because otherwise it's a really stupid thing to do.

      --
      const int one = 65536; (Silvermoon, Texture.cs)
      SJW, n: "Someone I don't like, and by the way I'm a fuckwit" - AC
    5. Re:Nothing more annoying by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Just drop back to a point where you can keep a steady speed despite the idiot in front. If you avoid the creation of a standing wave, the cars 5 minutes behind you will find their journey time improved, and everyone from you back gets a lower gas bill.

    6. Re:Nothing more annoying by serviscope_minor · · Score: 2

      It's incredible how many people can't even maintain a constant speed on a motorway/highway. If you turn on cruise control you quickly find that people randomly accelerate and decelerate.

      Depends where.

      In NM for example, once you set the cruise control, you do NOT touch the cruise control at any time for any reason. Its forbidden. Also, you don't use the left lane because that's for slow people. And you don't use the right lane because that's for fast people.

      The result is that you'll be driving along and over the course of about 20 minutes, the car behind will very slowly approach you (in the middle lane of course) to within about 6 inches of your rear bumper. At that point they'll pull out, spend a good 5 minutes overtaking, then pull in once there's 6 inches to spare and very very slowly disappear off into the distance.

      It's not unusual to see a 3 lane highway (3 in each direction) utterly empty except for 3 cars tailgaiting each other in the middle lane.

      Also beause it's NM, at least two of the cars will be driving on the emergency spare and one will have a 3 year old paper license plate.

      --
      SJW n. One who posts facts.
    7. Re:Nothing more annoying by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I agree that it's unconscious because I often use it to my advantage, and it almost always works. I'll start to overtake someone, and as I pass alongside, they may speed up to match me. So what I usually do is turn off the cruise control and VERY slowly back down about 5mph, and they will almost always follow suit. Then I quickly pop back up to my original speed, overtake them, pull back into the right lane, and resume the cruise control at my original speed. The passed vehicle stays at their original, slower speed and will fall away in my rear view mirror.

      Only rarely will I run into someone who is blocking me intentionally. The giveaway is that they don't slow down with me when I try this, or more often, they will speed up when they see me change lanes, before I'm even alongside them. Even then, I think it's usually that they weren't aware of how slow they were going and my passing attempt woke them up, because if I continue to pass or fall back in behind them, they often maintain their new faster speed. The jerk who is just trying to be in my way is a rare beast indeed.

  9. Lane for automated vehicles by WindBourne · · Score: 1

    In the coming years, there will no doubt be 1-2 lanes on federal highways just for automated driving. Ideally, it will have variable speeds all the way up to 100 on good days. Keep in mind that federal highways were designed for 120 mph minimum.

    --
    I prefer the "u" in honour as it seems to be missing these days.
    1. Re:Lane for automated vehicles by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      This will, undoubtedly, come true. The reason is that the rich and well-connected of our de facto plutocracy hate getting stuck in traffic, thus force us plebes to pay for special lanes permitting them privileged access not only at the explicit cost of the money stolen from us, but also at the ongoing cost of the rest of us having fewer lanes available to move traffic through.

    2. Re:Lane for automated vehicles by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Are you a Commie? America has Freedom roads so we can drive our gas guzzlers whenever and wherever we want. Next you are going to have scanners and Homeland Security checkpoints every 50 Mile markers.

      Keep our roads Commie free !

    3. Re: Lane for automated vehicles by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "federal highways were designed for 120 mph minimum" [citation needed]

    4. Re:Lane for automated vehicles by ISoldat53 · · Score: 1

      Except some redneck in a jacked up Toyota pickup will always drive in the designated lane.

    5. Re:Lane for automated vehicles by Z00L00K · · Score: 1

      That already exists - it's called railroad.

      --
      If builders built buildings the way programmers wrote programs, then the first woodpecker would destroy civilization.
    6. Re:Lane for automated vehicles by Highdude702 · · Score: 1

      Red necks would never buy a toyota truck. Learn your stereotypes.

    7. Re:Lane for automated vehicles by ISoldat53 · · Score: 1

      You must never have been in Monroe, WA. Toyota is the truck of choice.

    8. Re:Lane for automated vehicles by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Those aren't rednecks. Those are hipster rednecks.

    9. Re:Lane for automated vehicles by Highdude702 · · Score: 1

      AC summed that one up..

  10. Re:"Study" by Applehu+Akbar · · Score: 1

    California drivers (I grew up in Orange County) once had the zipper merge perfected. Today they seem to have abandoned all discipline.

  11. You don't need math by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Drive for an hour and it becomes quite obvious that traffic flows better and thus faster if each car kept a longer distance to the car ahead.

    1. Re: You don't need math by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      And more is better: if every car was 5 miles behind the next, traffic would be moving so fast!

    2. Re: You don't need math by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Don't be silly, the cars would have to move a lot faster than they do Today for 5 miles to make sense.

  12. bumper to bumper by kiviQr · · Score: 1

    When I drive bumper to bumper in traffic ( equal distance between the cars ahead and behind) I move at a crawling speed; If people increased that space we would move twice as slow? I did not think that was possible.

  13. In other words, there's an optimal distance. by hey! · · Score: 5, Insightful

    That's not surprising. Spread cars out too much and you reduce the roadway's capacity. Put them too close together and you have to slow down to accommodate the driver's minimal reaction time. Having every driver choose his own distance means you can have both effects simultaneously: wasted space and insufficient response time.

    Put all these constraints on and it seems obvious that you want to space cars uniformly with the minimal distance consistent with whatever statistical level of safety you demand. Naturally robotic systems will be more efficient since they require less response time -- in fact they can react to events that will cause the car in front to slow.

    What would be interesting is to see the exact results they came up with: how far for how fast and under what conditions? What are the significant input parameters of the model? For example I'm sure varying the acceptable probability of a crash has a powerful effect on the optimal distance.

    --
    Post may contain irony: discontinue use if experiencing mood swings, nausea or elevated blood pressure.
    1. Re:In other words, there's an optimal distance. by religionofpeas · · Score: 1

      Put all these constraints on and it seems obvious that you want to space cars uniformly with the minimal distance consistent with whatever statistical level of safety you demand

      If all the cars are going at maximum speed with minimum safe distance between them, it becomes impossible for a single car to merge.

    2. Re:In other words, there's an optimal distance. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      What would be interesting is to see the exact results they came up with: how far for how fast and under what conditions? What are the significant input parameters of the model? For example I'm sure varying the acceptable probability of a crash has a powerful effect on the optimal distance.

      New cars could no doubt maintain a minimum ideal distance. That is significantly less difficult than full autonomy. The problem is then we might end up relying on the feature, causing crashes at other times. Still, it might be a needed step.

      The future has two options. We either have hybrid control where people can still drive, or we have full computer control. No doubt the first will occur first, though to really optimize things (fewer crashes, faster speeds, etc) your going to need full computer control, with manual control only being for serious emergencies, possibly with it automatically alerting authorities.

      Of course the US is stubborn so we may hold onto manual control as an option for a hundred or so years after everyone else changes. For myself, I wouldn't mind letting a computer drive now, if it was safe enough. I could either start on work for my company, if I could get that on the clock, or heck just read.

      I suppose in the end I'd like to see a study on mandating new cars keep say a minimum distance per mph. That is achievable now. What are the costs and what are the benefits? Is there anyway it could make us less safe? Would this in part address the problem in this article? It wouldn't stop pointless lane changes, though if those are reckless enough, I'd think a careless and imprudent ticket might address that.

    3. Re:In other words, there's an optimal distance. by burtosis · · Score: 1

      What would be far more interesting is to teach people the effective methods of driving as part of a test for competency. Here in the USA it's very minimal, focused on regurgitating rules mostly no one obeys. How about looking 2-3 cars ahead and preparing to brake/accelerate ahead of time (feed forward control)? How about speeding up to merge instead of slowing down? How about actually zipper merging instead of some genital posturing contest? There are a dozen things that reduce or eliminate congestion and make driving more efficient and safe that almost no one does.

      God forbid people know how to drive when the vehicle starts to lose traction, when cars start to lose control in videos I watch maybe 5% actually do remotely the right thing to keep control.

    4. Re:In other words, there's an optimal distance. by hey! · · Score: 1

      That's why I'm interested in the actual details of the model. Exactly what you are optimizing and how you describe it makes a big difference.

      For example widening a highway clearly increases its capacity, but if the capacity of the roads it feeds is limited you just end up turning a long skinny traffic jam into a short fat one. I've seen this happen on multiple occasions. The parameter being optimized (throughput) was the wrong one.

      --
      Post may contain irony: discontinue use if experiencing mood swings, nausea or elevated blood pressure.
    5. Re:In other words, there's an optimal distance. by burtosis · · Score: 1

      Just shove your way in, don't telegraph your intent by signaling - that just lets them know to cut you off. Ohhh, you meant safely.

    6. Re:In other words, there's an optimal distance. by Drethon · · Score: 3, Insightful

      I always try to have the distance to the car ahead of me set so I never have to hit the brakes and when the traffic does slow up, not having more than the usual 2 second gap just before it speeds up again. I feel like this results in me maintaining the highest speed possible. Of course people usually cut in front of me, so I have to slow down more than I would otherwise.

      This is only for freeway traffic, city streets and inconsistent stoplights are a whole other ballgame.

    7. Re:In other words, there's an optimal distance. by hey! · · Score: 1

      A column of traffic can act like a one dimensional fluid. If everyone drove as you did, that fluid would be compressible -- any local variation in speed would tend to propagate slowly and continuously, if at all. But if everyone tailgates, the column of traffic acts like an *incompressible* fluid. That means when you tap the brakes, it generates something analogous to a shockwave which can propagate faster than the traffic itself is moving. In fact that's the norm in heavy traffic.

      --
      Post may contain irony: discontinue use if experiencing mood swings, nausea or elevated blood pressure.
    8. Re:In other words, there's an optimal distance. by Highdude702 · · Score: 1

      You mean slamming on the breaks and cutting the wheel to try to get off the road isn't the thing to do when you don't have traction?

    9. Re:In other words, there's an optimal distance. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I learned this long ago when I had a stick shift. Automatic transmission is probably causing a lot of these 'problems'. Give everybody a clutch and they'll learn to back off, as to not having to push the clutch every 15 seconds. I still drive that way now even though i have an automatic, leave room in front and chill out!

    10. Re:In other words, there's an optimal distance. by g01d4 · · Score: 1

      cars are going at maximum speed with minimum safe distance between them

      Optimum speed is maximized (up to the speed limit) for a given traffic volume. Increase the volume and the optimum speed drops. Not sure where the summary "driving wrong" assertion comes in. People behave in a distribution with most probably following the safe distance at a decent clip. It's been my experience that when traffic volume hits a critical level a few drivers operating enough outside the average have an exaggerated affect. Automated cars will dramatically narrow the distribution of driving behavior.

    11. Re:In other words, there's an optimal distance. by BasilBrush · · Score: 1

      No it doesn't. It just means the traffic must slow down approaching the merge point.

    12. Re:In other words, there's an optimal distance. by AmiMoJo · · Score: 1

      Many cars have indicators to show when you add driving efficiently. The EU is also mandating front collision avoidance in new cars. Wouldn't it be great if they added a "correct distance" indicator?

      Just a little green light that tells you when you are the ideal distance from the car in front. Just a hint, like the efficient driving one.

      --
      const int one = 65536; (Silvermoon, Texture.cs)
      SJW, n: "Someone I don't like, and by the way I'm a fuckwit" - AC
  14. ... and we would all get tickets or lose licenses by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    in many places at least.

  15. And stop competing for money, too by ffkom · · Score: 1

    ... because obviously, if maximizing the efficiency of human work in terms of how many products/services are created is the defined goal, it makes absolutely no sense to have a multitude of competing companies spend lots of effort and material into developing/producing/advertising the same kind of product/service.

    The only catch to this, just as with human car drivers: Not compatible with homo sapiens, which evolution shaped over millions of years to behave competetive and give a shit about some "greater good" for mandkind as a whole.

  16. I don't get it by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    They say that the distance between everyone piled up at a red light should be the same as the distance between cars on a highway. Is the implication that we should be driving extremely tightly on the highway, or extremely loosely in cities?

  17. I'm sure scientists are not just beginning to know by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    But who listens to scientists? Nobody does.

  18. What If by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    The car on front of me and behind me was doing 5mph in a 65mph roadway. Would we go faster if I maintained equal distance then?

  19. Impossible Task by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    If I'm driving 85mph in a 75mph zone, the idiot behind me will sit six inches off my bumper because I'm not driving 95+.

    Happens almost daily.

    If / when self drive cars become a reality, it will be one of the greatest things we've ever created.

    1. Re:Impossible Task by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Slower traffic is supposed to stay in the right lane (US), so move that Toyota Prius over and let the Ford Pinto pass.

    2. Re:Impossible Task by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You mean, move that Ford Mustang Shelby GT500 over and let the Ford Pinto pass.

    3. Re:Impossible Task by HornWumpus · · Score: 1

      About the only Pintos left have V8s and are faster than your overpriced factory tuner.

      --
      John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
  20. Unlike bats and birds, people are free by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    At least in America, where they are not yet forced to use robotic electric cars and can use f140s.

    Yes, SJW would like to turn humanity into some kind of ant hive. Ants probably are marching in equal distance too.

  21. Can't drive faster than... by RedK · · Score: 1

    ... speed limits.

    Artificially low speed limits.

    --
    "Not to mention all the idiots who use words like boxen."
    Anonymous Coward on Monday August 04, @06:49PM
    1. Re:Can't drive faster than... by Cyberax · · Score: 0

      The best road throughput is at around 45 mph.

    2. Re:Can't drive faster than... by RedK · · Score: 2

      Hey! You're fit to work for governement with that mentality.

      Sunny day, empty 6 lane highway... 45 mph. Sure. "Safety first" right ?

      --
      "Not to mention all the idiots who use words like boxen."
      Anonymous Coward on Monday August 04, @06:49PM
    3. Re:Can't drive faster than... by BasilBrush · · Score: 1

      Depends on the road. Depends on the quantity of traffic.

    4. Re:Can't drive faster than... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      In most of the United States the most lethal animals are large animals due to vehicle collisions.

      Near sunset, sunny day, six-lane highway...a herd of deer cross the road a short distance in front of you. In most of the US this happens with some regularity.

    5. Re:Can't drive faster than... by Cyberax · · Score: 1

      A little bit. The best throughput per lane is a 3 lane road moving at 45 mph. More lanes and throughput per lane falls.

    6. Re:Can't drive faster than... by Cyberax · · Score: 1

      And given your reading comprehension you are fit to flip burgers in McDonalds. Notice the word "throughput"? Let me provide you with a dictionary definition: "the amount of material or items passing through a system or process". A typical road has the maximum throughput at 45 mph, if speeds are higher then the distances between cars are bigger and as a result _fewer_ cars in total can pass within a given time.

  22. Long been taught in driver's education by TooTechy · · Score: 1

    Seriously? It takes the IEEE to tell us of something which has been known since before "The Godfather" hit the screens??

    1. Re:Long been taught in driver's education by BasilBrush · · Score: 1

      No it hasn't. You've never been taught to make the distance in front of your car match the distance behind it.

  23. Well... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Wrote a simulation for this...if cars kept at least the recommended 1 Car length per 10 mph behind the leading car, traffic moves smoothly and you will likely get better gas mileage from not wasting energy unnecessarily braking.

    But, some nitwit has to fuck it all up by weaving in/out of traffic causing a ripple effect on traffic flow.

  24. Remember folks... by burtosis · · Score: 1

    Never drink and derive.

  25. Ice by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Sorry, I live in the land of ice and snow. We often see everyone following too close, then a 80 car pileup. I'm that one car that left enough space to stop before slamming into the back and making it 81 car pileup.

  26. Set adaptive cruise control by OFnow · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Just set your Tesla (or other modern) adaptive cruise control to, say, five car lengths, and just steer. It is far far easier than having to brake/accelerate and the hardware watches even when the driver has zoned out. No worries about hitting the idiot in front. No worries if someone merges into your lane: the car adapts.

    1. Re:Set adaptive cruise control by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Just set your Tesla (or other modern) adaptive cruise control to, say, five car lengths, and just steer. It is far far easier than having to brake/accelerate and the hardware watches even when the driver has zoned out. No worries about hitting the idiot in front. No worries if someone merges into your lane: the car adapts.

      Oh thanks. I'll pony up 80k right now to fix my driving skills.

    2. Re:Set adaptive cruise control by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Thats the spirit !

    3. Re:Set adaptive cruise control by Highdude702 · · Score: 1

      Oh cool you're going to buy me a "Tesla (or other modern) adaptive" vehicle?
      Not everybody has that luxury.

    4. Re:Set adaptive cruise control by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I bought one for $13k. Including self fucking park assist. Stop bitching, the technology is already here amongst the masses.

    5. Re:Set adaptive cruise control by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Will it automagically honk at the fucker that cut you off and made my telsa slam on the brakes?

    6. Re:Set adaptive cruise control by Anubis+IV · · Score: 1

      All of the best-selling models of 2017 come with adaptive cruise control (even the humble Corollas and Civics). When all of the best-selling models have something, it’s hard to paint it as a luxury beyond the reach of mere mortals.

      The average age of light vehicles in the US currently stands at around 11.5 years, so it’ll take a few years before the feature is virtually ubiquitous, but it’s only a small matter of time at this point. Just as seat belts, air bags, and anti-lock brakes before them, so too will adaptive cruise control, lane assist, and collision detection/mitigation become standard safety features across nearly all cars on the road.

    7. Re:Set adaptive cruise control by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      They're not as expensive as they once were - my Suburu Outback has adaptive cruise control, and cost $15k second hand. Sure, it's still out of reach of many people, but it's decidedly middle-class.

    8. Re:Set adaptive cruise control by mjwx · · Score: 1

      Oh cool you're going to buy me a "Tesla (or other modern) adaptive" vehicle? Not everybody has that luxury.

      You can just keep a safe distance (2-3 seconds)* manually like the rest of us. This means simply not crawling up the arse of the vehicle in front. I have a modern BMW M240i, I didn't bother with things like ACC, AEB, Lane Assist because I pay attention to the road and am capable of driving safely.

      * this is how you can tell the GP doesn't have ACC, distances are measured in seconds, not car lengths. The actual reaction and braking distance changes as with your speed.

      --
      Calling someone a "hater" only means you can not rationally rebut their argument.
    9. Re:Set adaptive cruise control by Highdude702 · · Score: 1

      I for one don't tailgate, one of the things I hate most. I just tend to not use my gas pedal when people tailgate me. you can multi task and still be a safe driver. just have to make sure you have enough time to stop no matter what. and with some of the crazy shit I've seen on the road I pay attention to everything around me. Never know when some asshole has his foot on the gas and phone on his ear while not checking blind spot changing lanes, or not paying attention to the fact that there is a car in front of them.

  27. M25 variable speed limit. by whoever57 · · Score: 1

    In the UK, the M25 (circular road around London) has a variable speed limit.

    As traffic becomes heavier, the speed limit drops. But all lanes get the same speed limit. The limit is heavily enforced with cameras.

    With the limit set quite low, the traffic proceeds much more uniformly, there is no advantage to changing lanes, everyone drives at the limit.

    The result is that more cars can flow past any point on the road. It's another example of the effect predicted by the paper.

    --
    The real "Libtards" are the Libertarians!
    1. Re:M25 variable speed limit. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      There isn't that many cameras on the M25. Like all speed cameras in the UK, they are painted yellow, you can see them clearly, they are on the left side of the motorway, normally where the overhead variable speed limit signs are. There might be one or two that aren't on those signs though. Though the road markings that normally go with the cameras occur far more often, I guess leading people to think there are more cameras than there actually are.

  28. drive much? by freeze128 · · Score: 1

    Nobody who drives *EVER* tries to monitor the distance between their car and the one BEHIND them! It's your responsibility to monitor the distance to the car in front of you. This is why all the seats in an automobile face FORWARD. Duh!

    1. Re:drive much? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I *ALWAYS* monitor the distance between my car and the car behind because if they are tail gating I need to allow more room for braking.
      In the case of someone braking heavily in front of me this affords me the space to start my braking manoeuvre more gently, giving the person behind me more time to look up from their phone and notice it's time to start driving again.
      Of course this means I have to sit *BACKWARDS* in the drivers seat which is surprisingly uncomfortable but I guess that's just the price I pay for increased safety.

    2. Re:drive much? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You're not very bright, are you? You must be what, 17? What do you think the rear-view mirror is for? You are begging to get rear-ended if you don't pay attention to what's happening around you, including behind.

  29. News? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I simulated this using maps of 25 major cities 20 years ago.

    The reason Iâ(TM)m most looking forward to self-driving cars including mandates is so that opportunism will be removed.

    That said, the same simulations I ran also found that the width left by broken down cars for other cars to pass changed traffic flow dramatically. If there is at least 750cm on either side of a car to drive, average speed of traffic is much higher.

  30. Fixing Traffic by prefec2 · · Score: 1

    If you want to fix traffic in densly populated areas, you should avoid cars and use mass transit. Light rail, trams and modern busses can achieve higher travel speeds and higher throughput than cars. To connect less populated areas, you use park and ride systems, i.e. , parking lots with direct bus/tram/train access.

    1. Re:Fixing Traffic by OFnow · · Score: 1

      Well, higher throughput is surely correct. But the higher speeds (if achieved) of the mass transit are overwhelmed by the interfaces. The waiting time to get on. In SF Bay Area taking transit double or triples the total travel time. I took the train for years but it was clear it was slower...and much safer.

    2. Re:Fixing Traffic by prefec2 · · Score: 1

      I do not know how well public transport works in the US (I heard it is terrible, but my own experience is decades old so it might have improved). For example in Berlin the underground and rapid train system travel on many line every 5 to 10 minutes. Also bus lines are coordinated that you can hop on every 10 minutes. Light rail from outside the city have 60 km/h average speeds while this is unachievable with a car during rush hour. For example if you have an 60 minutes commute with 30 minutes on highways where you can drive 120 km/h and you need to stop for 15 minutes due to a traffic jam (including speeding up again), you only traveled with 80 km/h. On city roads a car usually has an average speed of 13 km/h. Therefore, you are actually slower than light rail + underground.

      In Switzerland the advantage for public transport is even greater. In Basel you might commute into the city in 30 minutes by public transport while you need an hour to get into town by car. To be able to do so, public transport needs a rapid schedule and the arrival times of all systems must be coordinated. And you need to have a ticket which can be used for all means of transportation, which is the case in Germany, Switzerland and other European countries (excluding UK, Spain, Italy, Portugal).

  31. No, I'm doing it right! by Xenna · · Score: 1

    It's just the idiots around me that are doing it wrong!

  32. Re:I publicly transport you to a shitcan arth1 by arth1 · · Score: 0

    watching you evade answering if my hosts method stopped the BOTNET IN QUESTION of the topic

    The question had nothing to do with botnets - that was something you introduced late in the conversation. But yes, firewalls and routers stop them too. Even better, because they can block hostnames like hosts files can (just more efficient due to lookups being through hashes instead of linear), but also block both wildcards and IP ranges, something hosts files can't.

  33. We'll do that by hcs_$reboot · · Score: 1

    > you're probably not going to convince everyone on the road to do that
    We'll do that when cars are driven automatically and AI does that, automatically.

    --
    Slashdot, fix the reply notifications... You won't get away with it...
  34. Who is this "you" you're talking to? by wonkey_monkey · · Score: 1

    Math Says You're Driving Wrong and It's Slowing Us All Down

    Fuck you and your condescending clickbait headlines. You don't know what I'm doing.

    if you and everyone else on the road kept an equal distance between the cars ahead and behind, traffic would move twice as quickly. Now sure, you're probably not going to convince everyone on the road to do that.

    Damn right you're not, because it's a fucking stupid idea. You want drivers to monitor the distance to the car behind them? There are enough problems getting drivers to concentrate on the direction they're travelling in.

    --
    systemd is Roko's Basilisk.
  35. Basic physics: it is impossible to keep distances by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    Physics says: Information transmission is not instantaneous.

    Corollary: it is impossible to keep equal distances.

    When the guy in front of you decelerates, you necessarily decelerate after him because Information transmission is not instantaneous. This implies the distance between you end him is reduced. Similarly, acceleration increases distances. QED.

  36. Forward March by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2

    Master of the obvious. Armies have known this for millennia. That's why soldiers maintain fixed distance and all start out together with a "forward...march" command and stop with a "company...halt". Try that at the next traffic light when you are 5 cars back. Man, if everyone just all went at the same time when the light turned green it would be awesome, but without an automated system it's just a 4 car pile-up.

    With human drivers you inevitably get the "slinky" effect due to reaction time and differences in preferred speed and follow distance.

    1. Re:Forward March by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Lots of people think that all traffic starts moving immediately after the signal turns green.

      Occasionally, I give one of them a nice shocker: If I notice someone tailgating me across an intersection, I forget how to accelerate and become concerned only about getting rid of him (moving faster is not a valid solution, as it only increases the speed at which I get tailgated).

    2. Re:Forward March by mark-t · · Score: 1

      Actually, the slinky effect you refer to is much more greatly caused by the fact that the distance between cars while stopped is generally much less than the distance between cars while they are moving, and much of the latter distance is simply owing to the rate at which the car can be slowed down, regardless of reaction time. Thus, once a light turns green, you must either start moving yourself after the car in front you starts moving, or you must have a slower acceleration. With the latter, each successive car has a slower and slower acceleration than the one in front of it, and before you know it, the maximum acceleration rate may be slower than the rate that the car would move without even touching the gas pedal.

  37. Self-driving car transition by HangingChad · · Score: 2

    I believe this will eventually become the force driving the adoption of self-driving technology. When we get to the point autonomous cars do it right and are mixed in with human-driven cars that are screwing up and slowing down the traffic pattern for everyone else. I can see the current driving model being totally turned on its head with commuters eventually demanding that we ban human drivers.

    There will also be economic pressure. Human drivers need signs, lights, and a weighty infrastructure investment. Autonomous cars need none of that expensive support.

    --
    That's our life, the big wheel of shit. - The Fat Man, Blue Tango Salvage
    1. Re:Self-driving car transition by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Human drivers need signs, lights, and a weighty infrastructure investment. Autonomous cars need none of that expensive support.

      Autonomous cars also have to read those same signs and lights made for humans.

  38. No there's no optimal distance by Solandri · · Score: 1

    The way TFA it explains it is pretty silly. Keeping the same distance to the car behind you just means the car behind you is keeping the same distance from you as you are from the car in front of you. i.e. the cars are all equally spaced. Things like one car tapping its brakes, failing to maintain speed, or merging into the lane causes the cars behind it to slow down. If the cars behind this one car are bunched up, it exacerbates the slowdown. The optimal way to space the cars to minimize this slowdown (without knowing ahead of time which car will slow or merge) is to equally space all of them. Simple as that. (If the slowdown happens when the cars aren't bunched up the impact is smaller than when equally spaced. But on balance the bunched up slowdown outweighs the non-bunched slowdown. Like swimming upstream then downstream back to your start point at a constant speed relative to the water is slower than swimming the same distance when there's no current, because with a current the slowdown on the upstream leg exceeds the speedup on the downstream leg.)

    The capacity of a road is how many cars can pass a fixed point per hour. You can increase this by widening the roads, but that involves a lot of eminent domain and construction work. The alternative is to increase the speed of the cars. Double the speed and you double the number of cars that pass a fixed point per hour.

    Except we have a safety rule which says to keep a 2 second gap between you and the car in front of you (because braking distance increases with speed while human reaction time remains constant) . When there's a lot of traffic, that rule effectively cancels out the flowrate benefit of speeding up. Twice the speed, twice the gap, same number of cars pass a fixed point per hour. That's why traffic engineers have been so interested in autonomous cars, adaptive cruise control, and automatic braking systems. If you can increase the speed without increasing the distance (shrink the gap to significantly less than 2 seconds), you increase the capacity of the road and thus increase its ability to handle more traffic. As for problems merging when the gaps between cars is smaller, it's been proposed that cars on the highway form a train - a block of a dozen or so cars on cruise control radar-locked bumper to bumper - with larger spaces in front of and behind the train where new cars can merge into.

    Of course, my response is if the optimal solution is a train, then just use a train. Create railroad cars which automobiles can drive onto, which depart at regular intervals between common distant destinations, like a roll-on roll-off ferry. People can stay in their cars during the trip. Watch TV, play games, enjoy the scenery, browse the web. And the car engines can be off during the trip so only the train locomotive needs to burn energy, which would put the fuel efficiency of the entire train at around 200 MPG (at 2 tons per vehicle).

    1. Re: No there's no optimal distance by orlanz · · Score: 1

      They are not saying equal distance across all units like a train. Trains do not have units coming and going. Nor do detached units have a central authority setting their individual speeds.

      You can have units at ...1,5,9,13... distance (there is no beginning nor end). And if a unit mergers after #1, it can become 1,3,5,9,13 => 1,3,6,9,13 => 1,3.5,6,10,13 => 1,3.5,6.25,10,13.5..., etc. (of course 1 would move forward too but did not for simplicitys sake).

      With units coming and going, there would rarely be a state of equal distance among all. This method while allowing individual distance determination, decreases the distance each unit moves further away from the disturbance (front and back).

      We all know that the backward compounding of a disturbance is what causes traffic jams. Which is what happens in a safest/buffer/minimum front distance based methods.

      I remember coming across this solution 10 years ago as a simulation result, but I do not remember the application :/. But that is really nothing. If these guys have mathematically proven it, bravo! The applications go well beyond traffic.

    2. Re:No there's no optimal distance by religionofpeas · · Score: 1

      a block of a dozen or so cars on cruise control radar-locked bumper to bumper - with larger spaces in front of and behind the train where new cars can merge into.

      That only works as long as there are larger spaces. Too many people try to merge, and the larger spaces get smaller, until you reach the point where you have to deny traffic from the on ramp.

  39. I'd say take your OWN poor advice but... apk by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    See subject: You kill yourselves for me! E.G. Arth1 PUBLICLY transported himself to the shitcan https://slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=11548919&cid=55834483/ (trying to hide it via sockpuppets & unidentifiable ac posts in yours)!

    Don't worry - I'll just REPOST IT so it IS VISIBLE publicly, AGAIN, RoTfLmAO - running you DRY of your 'downmodpoints' trying to 'hide it' in VAIN w/ your 1 EFFETE "weapon" - abused downmods!

    * CHUMPS - I LAUGH @ "your kind" on /., daily! You reply by unidentifiable ac AFTER you downmod me - proving me RIGHT yet again on that too!

    (ALL due to your 'downmod bullets' bouncing off me & YOUR FUCKUPS (like arth1 here trying to cover his ass failing again vs. me here https://slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=11548919&cid=55834733/ ))

    APK

    P.S.=> Thank you for making me look GREAT & yourselves like shit, lol... apk

  40. Re:I publicly transport you to a shitcan arth1 by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Says the guy that can't engrischen. You should use your native language, you might then look intelligent. At the least, your rants would be legible (I'm assuming. You might be a dumbass in your native language too, but I'm giving you the benefit of the doubt, how magnanimous of me huh?).

  41. Bah! Really? by reboot246 · · Score: 1

    I was once in a traffic jam that had traffic backed up for miles. All the cars were equal distance apart, but none of them were moving! Turns out there was no accident ahead, no stalled cars, no reason whatsoever.

    What happens is some idiot lightly taps his brakes, may to turn off his cruise control, who knows. Then the driver behind him, not knowing how hard the first one is braking, taps his brakes a bit more. This continues with drivers braking a little harder all the way back, so that cars a hundred yards back come to a complete stop. Of course, then all the traffic behind them comes to a stop. We've all seen it happen.

    The answer is to never, ever touch your brakes on an interstate. If everybody paid attention and kept a decent distance apart, you'd never NEED to brake. Exits and on-ramps should be built such that all braking and slowing down would be done on them, not out in the travel lanes.

    1. Re:Bah! Really? by religionofpeas · · Score: 1

      Better driving results in a slightly higher road capacity, but at the cost of reducing the margin for correcting small mistakes. At some point, someone inevitably will make a slightly bigger mistake, and mess it all up. The closer you get to optimal road capacity, the worse the consequences will be.

  42. REPOST vs. bogus downmod PUBLICLY arth1 by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    See subject & https://yro.slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=11532533&cid=55833641/ & I tore up your phantasyland bs w/ your own words!

    Also per subject how arth1 & his sockpuppet fake alternate accounts TRY HIDING THIS SAME POST last time I posted it lol https://science.slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=11548919&cid=55834483/ via my UNLIMITED ac posting ability running him DRY of ABUSED "downmodpoints" he uses to try "save face", lol...

    * It was FUNNY watching you evade answering if my hosts method stopped the BOTNET IN QUESTION of the topic @ hand 6x PLUS seeing you run from that point in the link above too? PRICELESS & CLASSIC, lol!

    APK

    P.S.=> Keep talking - I am going to have a FIELD DAY on you exposing how f'ing STUPID you are & NO - I will NOT allow you to "downmod hide" it either chump... apk

  43. obligatory by cascadingstylesheet · · Score: 2

    This guy figured all that out in detail years ago ...

    1. Re:obligatory by PPH · · Score: 1

      Sort of. His metrics are wrong. It's not smooth flow we want so much as maximizing traffic flow. Sure, not having to slow down and speed up is 'comfy'. But we cant afford to give everyone a few hundred yards of space around their vehicle. Traffic flow is measured by the number of vehicles that pass one point per unit time. This is affected both by speed and spacing.

      IEEE has it right. If a traffic wave begins (traffic slows at one point) then the best solution is to get your ass moving once it clears out. This minimizes propagation of the wave backward through traffic. Which we all know as a traffic jam. Traffic flow is horribly non-linear. And trying to extend the logic of everyday phenomena to explain it (like waves in water, for example) doesn't work well. Even if it looks right.

      --
      Have gnu, will travel.
    2. Re:obligatory by cascadingstylesheet · · Score: 1

      Sort of. His metrics are wrong. It's not smooth flow we want so much as maximizing traffic flow. Sure, not having to slow down and speed up is 'comfy'. But we cant afford to give everyone a few hundred yards of space around their vehicle. Traffic flow is measured by the number of vehicles that pass one point per unit time. This is affected both by speed and spacing.

      IEEE has it right. If a traffic wave begins (traffic slows at one point) then the best solution is to get your ass moving once it clears out. This minimizes propagation of the wave backward through traffic. Which we all know as a traffic jam. Traffic flow is horribly non-linear. And trying to extend the logic of everyday phenomena to explain it (like waves in water, for example) doesn't work well. Even if it looks right.

      Except in the real world, his way does work. Because you can't just accelerate all you want once it clears out, but you can leave a space in front of you.

      Now I remember something from years back. When trapped in one of those "rubbernecker slowdowns", I always tried to accelerate like mad when I escaped at the end. I figured that if everyone did this, then the slowdown would evaporate. Yet this did no good, because the car ahead of me blocked my move. It would not accelerate. I could never force the cars ahead of me to stomp on the gas too, so I could do little to aid the "evaporation" of the traffic stoppage. Aha! I could control the people behind me by slowing down, but I couldn't control the people in front of me by speeding up. Therefore, I can smooth out a small traffic stoppage. I just have to acquire a huge empty space a long time before I approach it. But if I'm already inside the jam, I can do nothing to aid the "evaporation" at the far end. If I cannot predict where jams will arise, then I'd better drive all the time with an empty space. (Which is just what many truckers do ...even in totally stalled traffic. Did they figure something out that I didn't know?)

  44. Stop looking a f**king phones all the time! by wiretrip · · Score: 1

    The biggest cause of congestion in recent times is the number of people looking down at their cellphone (pretending not to since in the UK it is illegal) in stop-start traffic. I watch these morons look up occasionally, notice the lights have changed, like 5 mins ago, and move off... The car behind then does the same thing, after eventually noticing and, oh, now the lights are red again. In the end, two, maybe three cars have made it through the junction when twice that many could have moved if people had been paying attention.

  45. Re:I publicly transport you to a shitcan arth1 by arth1 · · Score: 1

    Says the guy that can't engrischen. You should use your native language, you might then look intelligent.

    Oh, Alexander Peter Kowalski is American, and currently lives in upstate New York. He just appear to have some problems communicating rationally like most people. IANAMP, so I won't speculate on why, but I do think he needs help of a type we cannot offer here.

    I still wish the owners here would adjust the lameness filter for AC posts to be a bit more strict, to avoid derailments like this. Too much use of bold, upper case, links to other slashdot posts and the trademark "P.S. =>" could easily be stopped, I think.

  46. This is why by goombah99 · · Score: 3, Funny

    This is why I always pull into your lane when you try to pass me. You are screwing up the algorithm and I'm fixing it.

    --
    Some drink at the fountain of knowledge. Others just gargle.
  47. To all you Millennials out there: by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Be sure to enjoy the fact that your children and grandchildren will likely be living in a world where they're treated like sheep, herded and corraled and shuttled from place to place, with no control over where they're going, how fast they're going, or whether they're going anywhere at all, and having been raised to be so dumb that they couldn't drive themselves if they even knew that was ever a Thing, and that they wouldn't know where to start, but also that they've been indoctrinated that even wanting to is suicidal and sign of a diseased mind, and that humans are incapable of operating any vehicle safely, 'only a machine can do that!'. I just hope I'm long since dead and gone before I have to witness a world where people not only can't take care of themselves anymore, but aren't allowed to take care of themselves, and furthermore are watched 24/7 from cradle to grave, like, again, so many farm animals. All we'll need then is Soylent Green to make the dystopia complete. Or maybe you'll all be spared that by nuclear war destroying everything, or global climate change making the world uninhabitable. Or maybe you fucking sheep will wake the fuck up and start taking back your lives!

  48. Their math is wrong. by Xyrus · · Score: 1

    If you have a road containing x lanes and a flow rate of y, then you can optimize traffic based on the predictive analysis of the population and when they *screeech* OMG WTF IS THAT ASSHOLE DOING! And then the traffic flow is zero. Q.E.D

    --
    ~X~
  49. Huh by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    You've probably seen video of starlings forming a murmuration,

    Nope. I sure haven't.

  50. CGP Gray's -- The Simple Solution to Traffic by DeadlyBattleRobot · · Score: 2
  51. You can't fix a system by changing *everybody* by RobinH · · Score: 4, Insightful

    I work in a manufacturing environment, and changing even a handful of people's behavior is so incredibly difficult and costly ("always pick up one orange nut at a time, then the blue nut, don't grab two at once.") that asking everyone to change the way they drive is just ridiculous. You have to change things so that the desired behavior is the easier behavior. For instance, advanced cruise control that adjusts your distance automatically might be a solution. In our plant, if the process says they should do X before Y, then the only way to ensure it actually happens all the time is to prevent Y from happening until there's proof X happened. People just aren't reliable.

    --
    "I have never let my schooling interfere with my education." - Mark Twain
    1. Re:You can't fix a system by changing *everybody* by BasilBrush · · Score: 1

      Human drivers are going to be obsolete before long anyway. I see this as a heuristic to put in automated driving systems, which can easily monitor the space behind at all times.
      And yes, in the meantime ACC could use it. Although if people don't understand why the ACC does that, it might discourage them from switching it on.

    2. Re:You can't fix a system by changing *everybody* by RobinH · · Score: 1

      Agreed, but I don't think it's as near as many of us hope. I don't see the technology being able to drive in very snowy conditions.

      --
      "I have never let my schooling interfere with my education." - Mark Twain
    3. Re:You can't fix a system by changing *everybody* by BasilBrush · · Score: 1

      There was some guy from MIT on the radio this morning saying he doesn't see full autonomy for 40-50 years.
      Amazing the range of predictions on when this tech will be ready.

  52. The real solution is less cars. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Sorry but we need more mass transit not more studies on how to make car traffic better.

    Anything else is a waste of time at best and a complete detriment to society on the whole.

  53. Arth1 odd you understood I nuked you then by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    See subject: I can't take FULL credit - you NUKED YOURSELF for me, lol https://yro.slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=11532533&cid=55833641/ also admitting hosts stopped the botnet in question too!

    * Whipslash (a Joogle pawn payee his only income) tried & failed: "APK's days are numbered" by whipslash (4433507) February 09, 2016 (#51475843)

    + "Haha... have you seen APK lately?" by whipslash (4433507) February 16, 2016 (#51524853)

    Oh, really? You want it hid I nuked you top 1st link above?? Good luck - see those quotes!

    APK

    P.S.=> Abused downmods, deleting my posts (& not only mine when /. says it doesn't delete posts) https://hardware.slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=11509041&cid=55776597/ - there's no stopping facts, truth OR ME... apk

  54. left lane laggards by hawk · · Score: 1

    >1) get left lane laggards to drive properly and not slow down faster traffic

    With new legislation effective las October 1, the Nevada Highway Patrol is now issuing "obstruction of traffic" tickets to cars in the left lane that "know or reasonably should know" that their slow speed is obstructing traffic.

    hawk

    1. Re:left lane laggards by bws111 · · Score: 1

      You conveniently left out the 'if that speed is lower than the posted speed limit' part.

    2. Re:left lane laggards by Mr+D+from+63 · · Score: 1

      In NJ, left lane laggard tickets can be issued even if going above the speed limit. We need that law everywhere.

    3. Re:left lane laggards by bws111 · · Score: 1

      The NJ law is keep right except to pass. No mention is made of speed at all. As I said above, a 70MPH car is going to take about 30 seconds to properly pass a 65MPH car, and he is entitled to the whole 30 seconds regardless of whether or not someone else wants to go faster.

    4. Re:left lane laggards by BasilBrush · · Score: 1

      Well that is a stupid law then. You can't have one law requiring people to break another law.

    5. Re:left lane laggards by Mr+D+from+63 · · Score: 1

      The NJ law is keep right except to pass. No mention is made of speed at all.

      Exactly, it doesn't matter even if you are going faster than the speed limit.

    6. Re:left lane laggards by Mr+D+from+63 · · Score: 1

      Well that is a stupid law then. You can't have one law requiring people to break another law.

      It is not requiring you do break a law, it is requiring you to get over.

    7. Re:left lane laggards by bws111 · · Score: 1

      He is misrepresenting the law. It has nothing to do with being a laggard. The law is keep right except to pass.

      The problem is that most of the speeding chuckleheads don't know what a safe pass is. At 70MPH, the pass should start 200 feet behind the car being overtaken, and end when your rear bumper is 200 feet ahead of the other car. It is in these areas that the idiots decide you are breaking the law (you aren't) and decide to pass you on the right.

      There is no law requiring you to move over for a speeder.

    8. Re:left lane laggards by BasilBrush · · Score: 1

      ... to enable other people to break the law.

      No I'm sorry, if you can get a ticket for going too slowly when you are at the speed limit in ANY lane, then that is two laws contradicting each other.

    9. Re:left lane laggards by BasilBrush · · Score: 1

      That sounds more like it.

    10. Re:left lane laggards by Mr+D+from+63 · · Score: 1

      The ticket is not for going too slow, it is for impeding others and not properly using the passing lane. It sounds to me like you are one of the left lane laggards, trying to defend your poor driving behavior. Please be considerate of others and help us all by following the common sense rules of the road.

    11. Re:left lane laggards by Pfhorrest · · Score: 1

      Here's the thing people misunderstand: "keep left except to pass" doesn't mean "move right if someone wants to go faster than you". If you're in the left lane, and there's traffic in the lane to your right going slower than you, and traffic behind you that wants to go faster, you don't have to move.

      If you did, that would be requiring you to slow down (joining the slower traffic to your right), just so someone else can go faster.

      If there's no traffic to your right, merge right.
      Until you're in the rightmost lane, then stay there.
      Until traffic in front of you is slower than you, then merge left.
      If you're in the leftmost lane and traffic in front of you is still slower than you, tough shit, deal with it.

      --
      -Forrest Cameranesi, Geek of all Trades
      "I am Sam. Sam I am. I do not like trolls, flames, or spam."
    12. Re:left lane laggards by Pfhorrest · · Score: 1

      fuck, caught a brain fart a second too late. should have said:

      "keep right except to pass" doesn't mean "move right if someone wants to go faster than you"

      --
      -Forrest Cameranesi, Geek of all Trades
      "I am Sam. Sam I am. I do not like trolls, flames, or spam."
    13. Re:left lane laggards by BasilBrush · · Score: 1

      Bad assumption. I'm from the UK, so first of all you need to swap left and right in your thinking. Secondly It's always been the law here that you keep to the left hand law unless you are going to overtake.

      I assume I'm a better driver than you are.

    14. Re:left lane laggards by bws111 · · Score: 1

      Exactly. And to expand on that, a pass should start BEFORE you are less than a safe distance from the car in front, and end AFTER you are more than a safe distance past it. At highway speeds, that means you should be in the left lane BEFORE there is less than 200 feet, and remain there until there is MORE than 200 feet. And when you get to the point that you are 200 feet past the overtaken car, if there is less than 200 feet to the NEXT car you stay in the left lane until either you pass that car or enough space opens up. At no point other than that are you required to move over, regardless of what the idiot behind you wants.

    15. Re:left lane laggards by bws111 · · Score: 1

      If traffic to my right is slower than I am, then I can be in the left lane whether you are 'impeded' or not. Period.

    16. Re:left lane laggards by Mr+D+from+63 · · Score: 1

      Here's the thing people misunderstand: "keep left except to pass" doesn't mean "move right if someone wants to go faster than you".

      If you don't move over, the person behind you can't pass on the left. If there is someone in front of you on the left, and they are not moving over, then they are the problem.

    17. Re:left lane laggards by Mr+D+from+63 · · Score: 1

      I assume I'm a better driver than you are.

      Your assumptions have no basis.

    18. Re:left lane laggards by Mr+D+from+63 · · Score: 1

      If traffic to my right is slower than I am, then I can be in the left lane whether you are 'impeded' or not. Period.

      No. I guess you were never taught the common sense rules of the road. Use the left lane to pass, and get over so others can pass you on the left. If you slow them down, you are being a jerk, and you are impeding traffice.

      You must be one the needs those 'keep right except to pass' and 'slower traffic keep right' signs to tell you how to drive properly. Do you ignore them?

    19. Re:left lane laggards by BasilBrush · · Score: 1

      The same as yours then.

    20. Re:left lane laggards by Pfhorrest · · Score: 1

      Then you just can't pass. Tough shit.

      --
      -Forrest Cameranesi, Geek of all Trades
      "I am Sam. Sam I am. I do not like trolls, flames, or spam."
    21. Re:left lane laggards by Mr+D+from+63 · · Score: 1

      Then you just can't pass. Tough shit.

      And that attitude is the one that causes congestion. It is childish and selfish, and a sign of low intelligence. You apparrently have an inability to understand the benefits to all of following common sense rules of the road.

      I don't intentionally slow people down behind me. I get over. There is no good reason not to.

    22. Re:left lane laggards by hawk · · Score: 1

      >You conveniently left out the 'if that speed is lower than the posted speed limit' part.

      No, I didn't.

      "Slower traffic keep right" has always been the law at the same level as a posted speed. I don't think that this law has that as a defense, either. (and, let's face it, the legislature is well aware that the de facto speed limit has long been 75 on in town freeways and 85 on the interstate).

      Quite seriously, *most* vehicles are going 75 (not 74, not 77) on the freeway during normal periods here, save for out of staters and DUIs and illegals hoping not to be noticed for speeding in the right lane.

      I really don't know whether NHP is refraining from issuing tickets to those going exactly the posted speed (something rarely ordered here, anyway), but to deal with a legalist position like that, I suppose he could issue the ticket for *both* 66 in a 65 and obstructing . . .

      And for those pontificating about the "passing lane"--note that that is *NOT* traffic law thorough the entire US. In some state (e.g., , most of the midwest, I believe) the left lane is for passing, while in others (most or all of the southwest) it is a traffic lane, subject to slower traffic keep right.

      hawk

    23. Re:left lane laggards by bws111 · · Score: 1

      The funny thing is, people like you think the purpose of that law is to keep people who you think are going too slow out of the left lane. A little searching shows the exact problem they are going after, with an explanation by an officer of what they are looking for.

      What they are actually going after is aggressive SPEEDERS. The type of asshole who thinks he can dictate where and how people should be driving. The scenario he gave was car A driving in the left lane, at a speed asshole B determined is too slow. B then uses his usual charming methods of trying A to move over: tailgating, light flashing, etc. If that doesn't work he then illegally passes on the right, then cuts back in front of A. Then, he starts going slower and slower, trying to force A to pass him on the right. As soon as A moves over, the asshole speeds off. THAT is the idiot who will be ticketed under this new law. And the beauty of it is, the asshole has earned himself 4 citations - tailgating, passing on the right, obstructing, and speeding. If convicted of all 4, that will be enough points to lose his license.

      And BTW the 'below the posted speed limit' is in the text of the law. It doesn't matter in the slightest what the defacto speed limit is, nobody is going to be convicted of that violation if they are at or above the posted speed limit.

    24. Re:left lane laggards by HornWumpus · · Score: 1

      Depends where you live. In CA you're eligible for the 'obstructing traffic' ticket when your slow ass has 3 cars backed up behind you.

      On a two lane road, you are required to pull the fuck over and let the drivers drive.

      --
      John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
    25. Re:left lane laggards by Pfhorrest · · Score: 1

      But you want people in front of you to slow down, and slow down everyone else in the next lane over, so that you can go faster.

      Take this exaggerated hypothetical. Four lane highway. Empty where you are. You're cruising in the rightmost lane. Then you come upon a place where that lane is full of bumper-to-bumper slow traffic, so you merge left to pass them. Then you come to a place where that lane is likewise congested, so you move left to pass them. Then you come to a place where that lane is likewise congested, so you move left (into the leftmost lane) to pass them. It's congested for a long time, so you're traveling in the left lane for a long time. Then someone flies up on your tail and starts tailgating you. Do you have to merge over into the congested traffic and slow down with them (and add to their congestion, slowing them all down) so that that guy behind you can go faster? No, of course not.

      In reality, a lot of cars in that second-to-left lane will have merged over to pass the slower people ahead of them, so you will eventually reach a point where that lane is congested too. And like you didn't have to merge over to let the guy behind you pass in the example able, they don't have to merge over for you. They're passing. They have a right to be there. Even if they're slower than you. The rule is not "move right to let others pass", it's "stay right unless you're passing". And they're passing, because the lane to their right is full of slower traffic. So they're following the rules.

      --
      -Forrest Cameranesi, Geek of all Trades
      "I am Sam. Sam I am. I do not like trolls, flames, or spam."
    26. Re:left lane laggards by Mr+D+from+63 · · Score: 1

      But you want people in front of you to slow down, and slow down everyone else in the next lane over, so that you can go faster.

      No, I want them to choose the most expeditious way to follow the common sense rule. They are in the passing lane, so pass and get over. Its not that hard. If you are in a line of cars, keep up and when the car when the car in front of you properly gets over, you can pass them or get over behind them.

      Its not that hard. It is an extremely rare occasion when I can't get over to allow someone to pass within a very short period of time. Yes, often there is an idiot in front of us all that's not following the rules and merging back right, and causing left lane congestion. That is the left lane laggard at fault is those people cause much traffic congestion. When the car in front of you does move right and you are not going to pass, then move right behind them. Otherwise pass expeditiously and get over the very next chance to let the driver behind you pass.

      Passing on the left implies that you need to let others do the same. Please don't be the asshole that thinks they should decide how fast others behind should drive. If there is nobody in front of you and someone behind you (or approaching you), you should be actively pursing a right merge to let them pass. Accelerate if you have to, that helps the most.

    27. Re:left lane laggards by Pfhorrest · · Score: 1

      I think we agree that if there is an empty lane to the right of someone, they should already be over there. For instance, if it is possible to pass someone (safely) on the right, it should not be necessary; if there's space to pass them (safely) on the right, then there's space for them to already be over to the right, and they should already be.

      But, though maybe you don't encounter this in driving where you live, there are often (in places where I've lived) circumstances where merging right to let someone behind me go faster would mean having to pull into too small a space, slow down so as not to close the space in front of me, requiring the car behind me to slow down to reopen a safe space in front of them, sending a compression wave back through all of traffic; only for me to then have to speed back up again, and merge back over again, because now I'm stuck in traffic going slower than I was before. That slows me down, slows the rest of traffic down, wastes fuel stopping and accelerating, and opens more incidents for potential accidents (every tight lane change like that comes with risks). And then you want me to do that every single time any car comes up behind me going faster than me? To dangerously weave back and forth through traffic making it worse for everyone else, just to let some other people go even faster? No. If I'm in the left lane and the next-to-left lane is full of traffic going slower than me, then I am passing them and have a right to be there, and the fact that you would also like to pass me but can't is irrelevant. Sometimes there is just traffic. Deal with it, and don't insist that others make the traffic worse just so that you don't have to deal with it.

      --
      -Forrest Cameranesi, Geek of all Trades
      "I am Sam. Sam I am. I do not like trolls, flames, or spam."
    28. Re:left lane laggards by Mr+D+from+63 · · Score: 1

      Well, we all need to be reasonable, and if there is no place to get over then you shouldn't force it and there are always unique situations. But, if you can get over, let those that want to drive faster pass, then you should even if you have to temporarily reduce your speed.

      Changing lanes is not 'dangerously weaving back and forth'. If you are having trouble safely changing lanes, then stay right. But don't find excuses no to let other pass.

  55. Same speed in same lane good, different lane bad. by Ungrounded+Lightning · · Score: 3, Informative

    Keeping constant spacing and running at a reasonable speed within a lane may be good. But holding the same speed in adjacent same-direction lanes is very bad.

    In driving classes, back in the mid-20th century, we were warned against it. You NEVER were to hold the same speed as a car in an adjacent lane. (About a 5 MPH drift, with leftward lanes faster, was close to ideal.) Judging by the behavior of current drivers on California freeways that lore has apparently been lost.

    Some of the issues:
      - Adjacent cars form a multi-lane "rolling roadblock". Drivers behind them who wish to travel faster are impeded, collect behind them, and end up "compressed", setting up the conditions for a chain, reaction multicar pileup.
          - With an inter-lane drift a driver wishing to pass a slower car soon has an opening to switch lanes and proceed.
          - With the slowest lane to the right and increasing speed to the left, merges and exits require less speed change and have better timing margins, long-distance traffic proceeds rapidly with little disturbance, and lane changes are easy. Drivers have the opportunity to rapidly distribute themselves among the lanes and drive at a speed where they're comfortable.
      - When driving at the same speed as an adjacent vehicle you increase your risk of collision:
          - If you're in a blind spot you STAY in the blind spot for a long time. The window of opportunity for the adjacent driver to happen to make a lane change into you - or into the space immediately in front of you, becomes much larger than if you had a relative drift.
          - If you hold relative position the other driver's peripheral-vision motion detector doesn't keep him aware of your presence. After a minute or so you're likely to fall out of his attention. Then, if a sudden traffic situation makes him need to change lanes suddenly (or he just wants to change lanes and forgets to do a recheck), he may swerve into you.

    (By the way: The two-way two-lane equivalent of the rolling road-block chain-reaction-collision precursor is the "rat pack", a term of art in traffic engineering. It occurs when the first driver goes slightly over the limit and the second driver won't pass because he doesn't want to risk the necessary speed, but follows too closely for following cars to pass in two single-car hops. Fault is primarily on the second driver.)

    --
    Bantam Dominique roosters crow a four-note song. Once you've heard it as "Happy BIRTHday" you can't NOT hear it that way
  56. Besides the weaving in and out by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I've noticed that people who constantly change lanes in traffic tend to slow everyone else down. I've general thought that through traffic should always stay far left and people making exits should stay right. Why some cities refuse to allow trucks in the left lanes is not understanding that a long truck in the right lane is just preventing proper merging. Of course you have drivers who have no clue how to efficiently drive. They drive like their ass is on fire.

  57. Re:Basic physics: it is impossible to keep distanc by arth1 · · Score: 1

    Bullocks. We're not talking about distances where the speed of light has a noticeable impact.
    Synchronization is very easy. Send a timestamped message that you'll brake or accelerate N milliseconds from now, and everyone behind you can do it at the same time.

  58. Re:Same speed in same lane good, different lane ba by ledow · · Score: 1

    Dunno what you teach your drivers over there, but there's generally regarded to be one lane, and multiple "overtaking lanes" in all the terminology for most of the countries I have seen driving-school things for. It has almost nothing to do with when you learned to drive unless you're positively ancient. You go into a "faster" lane only to overtake, then pull back in. All your reasoning is WHY you do that, but it's always been the rule of the road too.

    If you're parallel-driving, you're an idiot. You're just blocking traffic. If you're going faster on the (passenger side) lanes, you're an idiot. If you're not actually overtaking in the (driver side) lanes, you're an idiot. Admit defeat, fall back, drop in 50 feet behind, what's the big deal? Don't block 2/3rds of the lanes between you and the other car who has no interest in what speed you're doing because HE'S not the one overtaking (or trying to) or in the wrong lane.

    Hell, in my country, it's incredibly common to see a 4-lane motorway (freeway) with some idiot in the 3rd lane (i.e. should be overtaking TWO ENTIRE LANES of traffic) when there's nobody else anywhere near him. Everyone has to slow to his speed, bunch up, and try to squeeze past only via the "fastest" overtaking lane. How do you not notice you're a hazard? How do you not realise you're in the wrong when people flash/beep you and bunch up behind? How - once you have the first among-friends-anecdote about the dickhead in lane-3 - do you not think "Oh, maybe I shouldn't be doing that"?

    If you want to reduce congestion, it's pretty easy. Smooth driving, look ahead. Leave yourself a gap. Leave that joining car a gap rather than fight (i.e. if both have to slow/speed/intrude to get into something that you could have shared / made clear for them). Drift between lanes (with appropriate signalling) rather than jerk between them. Remove the snap-judgement element, which is what makes drivers behind over-react for their own safety, which propagates backwards and starts causing problems (waves of slow-fast-slow-fast traffic with no obvious cause? Yeah, that's caused by idiots up ahead making rapid lane changes or fighting among themselves, they've done mathematical studies on it).

    And, to be honest, for any significant distance on a motorway? Sit in the "slowest" lane, poodle along at "just" 60-70mph. You'll get there roughly the same time as the speeding idiot, you'll be less stressed, you have less to worry about and you can just slide around slow moving vehicles with ease and in your own time. "Cruise" control is appropriately named.

    But, for sure, if you have to think about driving safely, or change how you go about driving because you read something on the Internet, you were an idiot before. What other stupid and inconsiderate things are you doing too?

    Driving is actually easy, and motorway driving is actually quite relaxing, done right. Because there are no snap-judgements and "let's hope I react fast enough" if you drive properly, on a motorway there isn't a chance of a small child wandering across the road (but, hey, you can see so far in front you'd spot them anyway, right?).

    The motorways of countries where road-laws are strict and people stick to them (e.g. Germany) are a joy to drive. Literally EVERYONE just moves over gently as soon as their manoeuvre is complete.

    But if you have to THINK about how you drive, reason it out to yourself, take in information from other people to do so, you weren't paying attention in driving school, or you're an idiot that can't just look at the situation and say "Hold on a moment..."

  59. And if we had eyes in the back of our heads... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Don't know about you, but I tend to focus on the distance ahead of me, that I can easily see and control...and let the people around me do the same.

    This sounds useful for when we have cars that can drive themselves and use many sets of sensors, but then we probably won't need to do this.

  60. You can't go when the light turns green by NotSoHeavyD3 · · Score: 1

    The reason is actually simple, you have no idea how long the guy in front of you is going to take before he notices the light changed. I've easily seen it take 10+ seconds for the guy to notice. Hell, sometimes they take so long that only their car can get through.

    --
    Did you know 80 to 90% of the moderators on slashdot wouldn't recognize a troll even if one dragged them under a bridge.
  61. fake news by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    can't we just argue everything is?

  62. Re:Work from home? Get real. by harvey+the+nerd · · Score: 1

    mod up

  63. Slow by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    As a 25 year tour bus and tractor trailer driver, it has been my observation that what slows traffic is having just one driver driving slow in a center lane.

  64. Stupid people saying stupid shit. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Here it is. Shit on a layer of shit. And we should stay 10 feet behind a car moving 5 mph as well as 90 mph.
    Really? Common sense tells us that even without cell phone usage only a millenial, or a Russian spammer could begin to in this pile of Democrate party bull.

  65. Not just Bangkok by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    That's how it works in many cities, even in Europe e.g. standard in Athens, Greece if you want to get somewhere in half the time.

  66. Central difference by Togden · · Score: 1

    Does this work because your acceleration is now modelled using the central difference method. This would mean that your acceleration model is no longer subject to first order truncation errors which could be significant if you are actually trying to pick the best speed at any given time by reacting to traffic in your lane.

  67. too many people on the road by cats-paw · · Score: 1

    means that we all suffer more when people don't do the right thing.
    also it takes far fewer people doing the wrong thing to muck up traffic.

    --
    Absolute statements are never true
  68. APK is a retard and proves it every time he posts by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    APK you are a retard and you prove it every time you post.
    Like how you state that hosts stops inbound connections.
    We saw your claims about how your work stops everything yet is always behind and easily circumvented as proved by many people including me.
    When you say China copied you.
    When you describe the features in your shit software.
    Then there are you anti semitic rants.
    Let us not forget about your conspiracy theories involving Hillary, Soros, antifa, and the Bavarian Illuminati.
    The above still ignores your inability to compose a cogent thought.
    Also it ignores that your writing looks like a dog vomited up a box of Alpha-Bits and then crapped out some punctuation on it.
    To sum up you are a retard and prove it continuously with every post you make.

  69. APK is just mad he got spanked hard by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    APK is just mad he got spanked hard so now he lashes out.
    Too bad his work is just as ineffective as he is.
    Old, broken, slow, bloated, worthless.
    Please tell me how your work stops inbound connection (it doesn't).
    If that is too hard please tell me how it can stop at least of 1/(1x10^100) of the possible domains (it can't).
    If you still can't do that then please provide some actual proof that China copied you (they didn't).

    Too bad you can't do any of that because you are a retard and want to prove it to the world.

  70. Beg to differ: Topic WAS a botnet I stall by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    question had nothing to do with botnets - that was something you introduced late - by arth1 (260657) A FAKE NAME TROLL I DESTROY P U B L I C L Y vs. me on HOSTS December 30, 2017 (#55834585)

    See subject & I introduced it LONG BEFORE YOUR BS FAIL vs. a botnet & it works https://yro.slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=11532533&cid=55812745/

    firewalls and routers stop them too. Even better, because they can block hostnames like hosts files can (just more efficient - by arth1 (260657) A FAKE NAME TROLL I DESTROY P U B L I C L Y vs. me on HOSTS December 30, 2017 (#55834585)

    * Windows native firewall doesn't work vs. hostnames (hosts do) & most botnets + malware use hostnames & routers are loaded w/ security issues (w/ ADDED costs per unit & added powerbill cost)!

    Firewalls have layered filtering driver overhead over tcpip.sys + their blocklists (hosts = native PROVEN part of the IP stack since 1973 or so THAT DON'T in added drivers!).

    APK

    P.S.=> You LOSE - publicly... apk

  71. /.ers shitcan you too arth1, lol... apk by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I'm going to continue using the Host File Engine. Your software is well written, functional. The Host File Engine performs exactly as promised by mmell February 16, 2017

    I've never tried to belittle (APK's work), I've flat out said it's good by BronsCon February 11, 2016

    his hosts program is actually pretty good by xenotransplant August 10, 2015

    his hosts tool is actually useful for those cases in which one does indeed want to locally block stuff outright while consuming minimum system resources by alexgieg September 25, 2015

    I like your host file system by Karmashock September 09, 2015 (#50489401)

    I do use APK's host file on all my systems at home by OrangeTide December 01, 2017

    I personally use a HOSTS file blocker produced from a genius called APK by 110010001000 October 27, 2017

    * Want more? Ask & pay attention to 1st quote above on writing!

    APK

    P.S.=> Stumbling all over yourselves trying post burial too I see... apk

  72. Re: Follow the leader...bs by dougdonovan · · Score: 1

    get up 15 minutes earlier if you are into your career.

  73. Leave enough gap ... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    so people can merge effectively at on-ramps. Instead of this dangerous tail-gating crap I see everyday. A-holes

  74. Ah, the unidentifiable anonymous loon! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    See subject: Who stalks me. Hosts block botnet C&C its client can't get inbounds. China copied me on hosts http://www.theregister.co.uk/2017/04/26/boffins_supercharge_the_hosts_file_to_save_users_plagued_by_dns_outages/ . I never said "hosts stop all threats" just that they stop MORE than ANY OTHER SINGLE "so-called 'solution'" that is full of security issues (routers/DNS/antivirus (slows you, hosts speed you up)) or sold-out to not work by default (adblock) for FAR LESS resource use & complexity (for exploit usually) natively - not illogically "Bolting on 'MoAr'" stupidly!

    APK

    P.S.=> The rest of your post is non-sequitur & ravings of the stalking loon you are... apk

  75. FAKE STORY by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Math Says You're Driving Wrong and It's Slowing Us All Down

    No, "Math" doesn't say that. Someone or some group CLAIMING to be experts allege they did some calculations and claim incorrectly that "You're Driving Wrong" and further claim, also falsely, that "It's Slowing Us All Down". These claims are easily demonstrably false. First, did they model all roads and all vehicles for all time? No, of course not, even if they actually COULD and DID have the total information they needed, which they DON'T, it would only tell them about the past, not the future. Second, ignoring the first point, which you can't, but let's pretend, the claim is that "YOU" are driving wrong, (meaning in my case, ME,) and this is false. The authors of this bullshit claim don't know me and so can't possibly know how I drive. They also probably don't know you either and therefore have no clue how YOU drive. They ASSUME a lot, don't they. But their claim is that the problem, speaking generally, with traffic is that people do not somehow magically keep a cushion of open space of equal size before and behind their vehicles. This is basically impossible, for a couple reasons, one of which is, you can't really CONTROL how much space there is BEHIND your vehicle, unless you are driving BACKWARDS. You can only CONTROL how much space there is in FRONT of your vehicle, and even THAT you only have SOME control over. If you use too LITTLE, the odds of a collision with the vehicle in front of you SKYROCKET, and you may even be pulled over, (slowing everyone down because people can't help but look to see if someone's dead,) and ticketed, resulting in YOU being even later, and if you leave too MUCH space, someone from an adjacent lane will move into the space, and the NEW vehicle NOW in front of you will be much closer, requiring you to slow down MORE, resulting in a hazardous condition for vehicles behind you, which is tolerable if you're leaving the path of travel, (turning onto a side-street, etc.,) but provision is often made with something called a "turn lane" that allows for that without delaying traffic unduly. While it is almost certainly true that if all vehicles traveling along any road or highway maintained a modest but reasonable distance in front of them, everyone would be safer, and traffic might flow better, under SOME circumstances, under MOST, the maintenance by all vehicles of the same speed and space-cushion is impossible, as they don't all have the same capabilities of acceleration, they coast and decelerate in a different fashion and so on. Like so many bare assertions CLAIMED to be backed up mathematically, the claim is laughably false.

    Take for instance the following: I have 2 peanuts, and you have 2 walnuts, so therefore, you should give me 4 million dollars, since two plus two equals four.

    LET THIS BE A LESSON TO YOU. Math can only support a claim if it is done CORRECTLY, and is the correct math TO DO in the first place. In this absurd example, the math is, I assure you, 100% correct, 2 + 2 = 4. BUT the fact that the arithmetical statement is true, right, and correct, does NOT logically support the conclusion.

  76. Makes sense to me by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I see a lot of people speeding and tailgating and generally disrupting traffic only to have to stop at the same red light as everyone else (which are generally timed for the posted speed limit). If traffic actually flowed instead, it would be as though there were no other cars on the road for everyone driving on it.

  77. A perfectly spherical car in a frictionless vacuum by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Good thing the author of the paper lives in a world where tires never blow out, engines never fail, objects never fall off of vehicles in front of you, animals never run out into traffic, tree limbs never fall on the road, icy patches never form on cold nights, etc.

  78. Tailgaters by manu0601 · · Score: 1

    The problem is that when you try to not tailgate, some tailgatyer will insert in front of you

    The solution seems obvious to me: fine tailgating, speed camera could do it.

  79. Without tailgating, changing lanes is far quicker by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    If there is always adequate room on the lane beside you to easily Switch Lanes then you can make exits you need to make without having to fruitlessly drive around the block trying to get into the lane or street you need to be in and thereby congesting traffic. also if tailgating was eliminated a major causes accidents would probably be eliminated too.

  80. Re:I publicly transport you to a shitcan arth1 by AmiMoJo · · Score: 1

    I really hope you didn't just dox APK. It's that information public?

    Let's not do this on Slashdot.

    --
    const int one = 65536; (Silvermoon, Texture.cs)
    SJW, n: "Someone I don't like, and by the way I'm a fuckwit" - AC
  81. Re:I publicly transport you to a shitcan arth1 by arth1 · · Score: 1

    I really hope you didn't just dox APK. It's that information public?

    Yeah, he has posted it himself many times. Including address, phone number and e-mail address, which I wouldn't bother posting.

  82. Why I love my Tesla.. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Highway traffic is no longer any real annoyance for me now with the Tesla, I just set TACC to +5, enable autopilot and let the car worry about 90% of the driving. TACC alone makes the speeding up/down issue moot and reduces stress greatly.

  83. duh by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    my brain is a computer, and it figured this out years ago. i try to do it when i remember. doesnt help if no one else does it.

  84. Accidents are myths by reanjr · · Score: 1

    So, because the guy behind me is tailgating, I should also tailgate, and then we can all go 140 mph tailgating each other?

    Whoever published this study is a moron.

  85. Telling lies now arth1? Pitiful.. apk by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Yeah, he has posted it himself many times. Including address, phone number and e-mail address by arth1 (260657) A FAKE NAME TROLL I DESTROY P U B L I C L Y vs. me on HOSTS on Saturday December 30, 2017 @11:31PM (#55837325)

    See subject: You telling lies about me now is your "revenge" after you took potshots @ me & failed https://yro.slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=11532533&cid=55833641/ ?

    * Pitiful... & childish of you.

    (My name & email address are in my programs online - I don't hide those but I've never posted my home address publicly online).

    APK

    P.S.=> As you can see, even AmiMijo thinks you're being lame & low arth1 - get over it, grow up, & don't do it again - you aren't successful trying to "get the better of me" & you're further ruining your image - NOT THAT THAT MATTERS BEHIND A FAKE NAME ONLINE YOU USE which speaks worlds of your lack of character alone... apk

    1. Re:Telling lies now arth1? Pitiful.. apk by arth1 · · Score: 1

      (My name & email address are in my programs online - I don't hide those but I've never posted my home address publicly online).

      I have not done so, but you have, many times.

      A quote from APKNTTOOLS_READMEFIRST_InstallHowTo.txt, which indeed is publicly published online by yourself, states:

      Send $10 to after a 60 day trial if you like (all versions inclusive past & present) of

      APK System Tools for Windows® 2002 + +

      To:

      Alexander Peter Kowalski
      [address follows]
      [redacted to be nicer to you than you ever are to anyone else]

      So, to sum it up, by making the claim that you hadn't posted your address online, people now know how to easily find your address online, courtesy of yourself.

  86. No, Arth1 is "lashing out" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Proof's where arth1 tells lies about me after failing vs. me in tech https://science.slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=11548919&cid=55838059/ & China did copy part of what I do in my hosts program LONG after I released it http://www.theregister.co.uk/2017/04/26/boffins_supercharge_the_hosts_file_to_save_users_plagued_by_dns_outages/ & you must be dumb since when a botnet C&C is blocked, the botnet client CANNOT ASK FOR INBOUND CONNECTIONS (it can't reach the C&C to ask for orders OR send data to it or other spots) OR GO OUTBOUND TO IT!

    APK

    P.S.=> Does your ineffectual stalking of me FAILING in your lies make you feel better? Your stupidity makes you look even dumber... apk

  87. Re:Basic physics: it is impossible to keep distanc by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    So you are assuming everyone on the road is using an autonomous vehicle.

  88. Re:Work from home? Get real. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Very few people have the maturity and will power to actually -work- from home.

    I've been managing people in Silicon Valley for 20 years. I quickly learned that "wfh today" really means "checking my email just often enough to look like I'm not running errands all day".

    Wfh is bullshit. Sure it'll fix the traffic problem but then work progress would drop 90%.

    Yes yes yes there are a trivial number of people who can work this way, stfu, you are not the baseline for human behavior.

    I find it hard to believe you're an experienced manager of people with this attitude. Create clear and concise metrics to measure performance. Fire the lazy fucks who don't perform. That simple logic applies to every employee regardless of where their office is.

    And no one uses baseline human behavior as a hiring metric, so it's fucking irrelevant. You hire the right people qualified to do the job. A good employee recognizes WFH as a gift and rewards the business for it because it saves them countless hours wasted on commuting, as well as a considerable pay raise with fuel savings and vehicle wear-and-tear. It also boosts morale and job satisfaction, metrics a good manager still gives a shit about.

    TL; DR - Chaining someone to a desk is a requirement that should have been left in high school. We're managers, not fucking babysitters.

  89. This Isn't News by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I remember this being discussed in my transportation engineering class back in the 80s.

    You couldn't get people to give a flying fuck back then. And, in the current age of narcissism, you sure as hell aren't going to now.

  90. Wobegon woes by epine · · Score: 1

    There are a dozen things that reduce or eliminate congestion and make driving more efficient and safe that almost no one does.

    I agreed with everything else you said, except for that one observation.

    How can you tell that no one else is doing these things? Smart driving tends to look unexceptional, in the same way that elite goal tenders often make the game look easy.

    Does perhaps your claim boils down to this: there are more idiots on the road than obvious, distinctive geniuses like Dominik Hasek?

    Dominik Hasek

    "He tends goal the way Kramer enters Seinfeld's apartment, a package of flailing arms and wild gesticulations that somehow has a perfect logic." That's how Sports Illustrated's Michael Farber described him, name-checking two popular 1990s TV sitcom characters. In an era when goalies gravitated toward the "butterfly" style — a structured and systematic approach to their position — Hasek got superior results by appearing to be largely improvisational, to the point of having no style at all.

    I often regulate my breaking according to the sum of my following distance plus the following distance of the car behind me.

    I doubt that one other driver in 100 has even the vaguest perception that I'm attuned to the space around me in all pertinent directions.

    I even find this hard to detect in others, and I often look for the most subtle clues. Sometimes I comment to my wife "the driver of that car in the left lane used to drive a motorcycle". Motorcycle drivers—surviving sample—tend to view the entire width of their lane as a resource to be exploited at all times. In a vehicle, that gets compressed down to about one foot of lateral freedom, according to traffic conditions near by (more than a foot starts to alarm people about your lane management).

    The number one rule of truly proficient driving: never give the other drivers around you an excuse to think about one thing more than they already failing to fully internalize, unless that one thing is the only thing you want that driver to attend to (in packed conditions, one almost never wants to have this effect on another driver, but it can be quite useful—wielded judiciously—in lesser congestion).

    There's a huge correlation between skill and stealth, hence the Wobegon woes.

    Illusory superiority

    Illusory superiority itself is full of shit, because different people have different standards of competence. Some people value being polite, others value defensive driving, still others value weaving and wending to leave the slings and arrows of outrageous fortune in their rear-view mirror (which is generally covered in black tape).

    Surprisingly (not!) we all think we're above average in the attributes we most value.

  91. Minority Report Traffic by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I'm all for the formation of a traffic system similar that portrayed in the movie Minority Report. Each individual "car" (or whatever term is adopted) could be from different brands (Audi, BMW, Ford, etc) that would all adhere to certain standards. This would solve many problems of traffic logjam, accidents, etc. I do feel that something akin to this is a technological eventuality, with clean energy, tho perhaps that may be farther into the future. I say start now. Hello, Elon Musk, are you reading this.

  92. Re:Basic physics: it is impossible to keep distanc by arth1 · · Score: 1

    So you are assuming everyone on the road is using an autonomous vehicle.

    No, I am refuting a claim of it being impossible. It is certainly possible to put several autonomous vehicles after each other on the road, and it's possible to make them react at the same time. Thus refuting the claim that it's impossible.

  93. LOL! Look @ you "digging" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    See subject & there was no other payment method back then afaik & I haven't developed that toolset since - oh, 2002 iirc (almost 16 yrs. ago)?

    I completely forgot about that!

    So in fairness? Good catch!

    (... now that I see you are 'bent' trying to 'look into me' after SELF-DEFEATING YOURSELF vs me here https://yro.slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=11532533&cid=55833641/

    * I could care less about a 'fail' like that on MY end - it's not a TECHNICAL BLUNDER in computing as YOURS was vs. me, lol - a HUGE fail for you publicly!

    APK

    P.S.=> HOWEVER (lol) - based on your "ReAcTiOn"? I can see it "got to you" but thing is, you REALLY ONLY "GOT TO YOURSELF" by blowing it vs. me & anyone is free to check that link I posted to see it is so - get over it & grow up man... apk

  94. Re:Work from home? Get real. by HornWumpus · · Score: 1

    That's true.

    But you'll find that 'people that don't have the maturity and will power to actually -work- from home' also 'don't have the maturity and will power to actually -work- in the office, unless your watching them every second.'

    Personally, I hate 'bossholes', any team member that consistently forces me to be a 'bosshole' just gets fired. The rest of the team _appreciates_ this.

    --
    John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
  95. I foresee some potential difficulties by eric_harris_76 · · Score: 1

    I see a potential problem. Perhaps I'd better RTFA.

    If somebody is tailgating me dangerously closely, to equalize the distances fore and aft shouldn't I also tailgate just as closely?

    Yeah, definitely RTFA time.

    --
    There's no time like the present. Well, the past used to be.
  96. Re:Same speed in same lane good, different lane ba by Ungrounded+Lightning · · Score: 1

    Dunno what you teach your drivers over there, but there's generally regarded to be one lane, and multiple "overtaking lanes" in all the terminology for most of the countries I have seen driving-school things for.

      When you have two lanes in the same direction, that terminology, and acting on it, makes sense. When you have, for instance, six lanes in the same direction, it does not. The extra lanes are about increasing capacity, and are intended to be used for long-distance driving rather than just passing slower traffic.

    That's the sort of highways we have over here. (Especially in high-population states like California, for instance - I commute on such a 12-lane stretch every day.)

    The laws have been adjusted according to this purpose. For instance: Passing on the right is expressly legal in California. On the other hand, excessive lane changes (as you'd have to make to use the "passing" paradigm) are added hazards when the lanes are being used for travel rather than merely passing, and are treated as the infraction called "weaving". Three lane changes (1 1/2 "passes") within one minute is one of the criteria police have used for issuing such citations.

    --
    Bantam Dominique roosters crow a four-note song. Once you've heard it as "Happy BIRTHday" you can't NOT hear it that way