Erm, I'm sorry, but it was a LOT more than that. First of all, IBQ only counts people that they can directly verify dead -- i.e. more people than that died. Estimates of the real total vary from ~30K - ~100K.
The real biggie though is that they only count civilian deaths. i.e., people we WEREN'T shooting at. Think about how many people we killed that we were actually TRYING to kill. It's a lot more.
Yes, but the Apple I was a kit computer, which you had to assemble yourself. Commodore had one too -- the KIM-1, which predates the Apple I (the KIM-1 was the demo system for the 6502, which of course went on to be used in the Apple I. It's ironic that Commodore, which owned MOS Technologies (manufacturer of the 6502) produced the CPUs for their biggest competitor).
I don't think these machines count though since they were kit computers.
Buy them a snowblower, in exchange for them going out and blowing your driveway every so often. These folks make a living doing yardwork, right? So they probably could use that snowblower to make a living in the winter.
I mean, if you bought the snowblower, you'd just be using it about as often, right? This way not only do you get your driveway cleared, but you don't have to stand out in the freezing cold doing it.
While I think sentences (including this one) in the United States are excessive, and I think prison in fact fails to solve anything because it is used as a punishment rather than a rehabilitation and in fact makes people worse rather than better, I sort of rankle at this person being compared to Kevin Mitnick.
Kevin had no interest in any sort of financial gain from his activities. He was only interested in exploring and seeing what he could find. He was an annoying guy, but not one with ill intention.
I don't know the details about these individuals, but it seems to be implied that it was a moneymaking operation. That makes it far worse than anything Kevin did.
That said, prison isn't the answer. Only violent people should go to prison (and those prisons should be run such that they don't create the atmosphere for violence inside that they do today -- i.e. don't use the prisoners as an unwritten "punishment" against eachother -- punishment is counterproductive.)
It's very hard to get the full political spectrum in the U.S.. The conservative side is well-represented (most religious stations, Fox News, etc.), there are centrist-rightist networks like CNN, and even center-left networks like Comedy Central (though there doesn't appear to be a left-leaning news station, jokes about CBS/Dan Rather aside.) There really is no liberal television network, but there are many conservative television networks.
There is ONE liberal radio network in the U.S. -- Pacifica, and it has very few stations (though many of its shows are played on a number of campus radio stations at colleges across the country.) There's also the center-left network that the Clintonites recently started, though that's only barely getting off the ground.
You really don't realize how far to the right the media has swung in the U.S. until you look at centrist broadcasting from the rest of the world (with the exception of fundamentalist middle eastern nations)
Ahhh my apologies. ^^; Years of dealing with overzealous school admins has conditioned me to have a knee-jerk negative response to anything that sounds like a locked-down student lab. xD
The main reason the SNES won in the end is that the Sega Megadrive (the real name of the Genesis) was pretty much a failure in Japan. It got some good shooters but it was the Super Famicom (the real name of the SNES) that courted the RPG makers who are the real key to success in the Japanese market. With both Dragon Quest and Final Fantasy under their belt, it was inevitable that Nintendo would rule the Japanese market.
Since the vast majority of good games come from Japan, the third party onslaught of the SNES overwhelmed the Genesis. It also helped that the SNES had a largely superior chipset despite an inferior CPU.
It's interesting to note that the Saturn, while being an abject failure in the U.S., was wildly successful in Japan and was the dominant 32-bit console there. The Playstation only won out with the release of Final Fantasy VII (and with the news that Dragon Quest VII would be released for it, though it was delayed for so long it only came out after the Playstation was ascendant.) I bet if Sega had courted Square and Enix and landed the key RPGs vital to winning in the Japanese market, the third party support of the Saturn would've eventually allowed it to win in the U.S. market, just like the SNES eventually won out.
OK maybe you're trolling but I'm going to bite here anyway in case you genuinely don't know.
419 refers to a KIND of spam, the "Nigerian prince wants to give you lots of money" scam and its variants. It refers to the number of the relevant law in the Nigerian penal code.
The actual number of spam mailings coming out of this provider is in the millions, maybe even the tens or hundreds of millions.
...let us not forget that the Mars Rovers are scheduled for arrival in orbit this weekend.
Erm, they aren't going to arrive in ORBIT at all. They're simply going to smash straight into Mars's atmosphere without trying to orbit first. Why spend the energy (and thus propellant mass) firing engines to orbit the planet when you actually just want to GET ON THE PLANET? Mars has a thin-but-functional atmosphere that you can use to slow yourself down so you drop for a nice landing. ^_^
Not true either! The "SuperCD" was a CD addon for the NEC PC Engine (a slightly-modified version of which was released in the U.S. as the "TurboGrafix 16", where it failed pretty miserably), and many, many of them were sold. Later the PC Engine Duo was released which had the CD drive built in.
OK I already blew 3 moderator points on this thread but it's time to negate them with this post.:-( Bye-bye points.
The long and short of it is that all of these cards are not very good. As has been mentioned before, these are all really plain-old IDE controllers with proprietary software-based RAID built into the drivers, and an inflated price for that package. In other words you're better off using plain IDE controllers and using Linux's built-in software RAID.
Why? Linux's software RAID is faster. It outpaces all of the binary-only software drivers that companies like Promise and Highpoint provide, and is better than the reverse-engineered drivers that are in the kernel.
I know -- I have a motherboard with a 4-channel Highpoint 374 controller on it. Getting it to work properly under Linux has been a nightmare -- and the end result is still slow. I finally broke down and used it as a plain IDE controller -- and it works passably in that regard, but it still has tons of stuff not implemented in the kernel (and the binary-only drivers are even worse -- they allow access to the disk blocks and almost nothing else -- so forget about using any advanced features of your drive).
If you really want REAL hardware ATA RAID, the best choice is 3ware's Escalade series. Not only does the support in the kernel kick ass, 3ware's support is excellent. Barring some major changes in the marketplace, I will never get ATA RAID cards from any other source.
That said, Promise and Adaptec do apparently make at least partially-hardware-based ATA RAID controllers, but I don't know how good the support under Linux is... Most importantly these are their expensive controllers, not their cheap cards -- they are in the same ballpark as 3ware, so there's no reason not to choose 3ware.
Finally, don't expect miracles from ATA RAID in terms of speed. While it's great for the added redundacy, speed does not go up linearly. Basically what happens is that while your transfer time goes down, your seek time stays the same. Assuming an arbitrarily fast bus (think something on the order of 133Mhz/64-bit PCI-X, not lame 33Mhz/32-bit PCI that is in most consumer desktop motherboards), as you add more drives eventually the vast majority of time your array is seeking rather than transferring data, and seek time becomes the bottleneck.
This is why if you are serious about RAID for speed (rather than just for rendundancy) you really need to go to a 15Krpm SCSI array. 15krpm drives have slower media transfer rates due to lower data density -- but you can always improve that by adding more drives to the array. Your seek time never improves. This is why a WD Raptor can compete in the same ballpark as a 15Krpm Cheetah, but when put in an array the array of Cheetahs THUMPS the array of Raptors.
Also I recommend a SCSI array because of command queueing and reordering. Supposedly Serial ATA has support for reordering but I don't think anyone has actually implmemented it -- so far all Serial ATA implementations are just plain old ATA-style traffic over a serial line. Under heavy disk usage access over multiple files, SCSI is smart enough to spend way less time seeking than ATA. (As I understand it the 2.6 kernel tries to do reordering in software to try to make ATA drives perform better in this regard. I will be interested in seeing how well this works.... But really the kernel does not have better knowledge about how the drive is seeking than the hardware, so I suspect it will not be as effective.)
Very hard to say. 25 years ago the personal computer didn't exist.
Uhh, the first personal computer (i.e. the first computer that came out that didn't come in a cabinet or as a kit (like the Altair)) came out more than 25 years ago. Sorry.
Hell, I got my first computer when I was friggin 7, and that was Christmas 1982, over 20 years ago.:-P
Is that it assumes that with constant progression you can reach a given goal. They set the goal seemingly-low -- "A five year old" -- to make it seem more achievable, when the real problem is that to achieve this it's going to take a paradigm shift in technology. This shift could occur thirty years from now, a hundred years from now, or tomorrow, but it's not something you can put on a schedule.
The idea of setting a "five-year-old" requirement on it is ridiculous, because what we lack is the basic ability to create human-like intelligence in the first place. Once we have that, it will be trivial to make the equivalent of a five year old human (basic sentience), or a fifteen year old human (the peak of human intelligence), or even something beyond that that humans are incapable of achieving (After fifteen years of age or so human intelligence goes into a slow downward slide, though overall capability often goes up thanks to accumulated experience and knowledge. Imagine a being that had equal or greater intelligence to a fifteen year old, but with the knowledge and life experience of a fifty year old!).
It's kind of like the development of the microprocessor. Before we knew how to make one, there was nothing -- but once we had the basic technology to make one, Moore's law kicked in and the capability of microprocessors grew by leaps and bounds. AI will be the same way. Once we have a big breakthrough that allows us to create the first real AI, the technology will progress with incredible rapidity. The problem is that first big breakthrough, and it's not something you can simply budget time and resources for and expect results. You can't put it on a "thirty year plan".
Taiyo Yudens are excellent, yes. I've always been impressed by the quality of burns on TY media. However it's not possible to burn to a disc without any bad bits... There seems to be an inconsistancy in consumer/hardware between reporting errors that C1 has fixed (happens on every disc) and errors that C1 wasn't able to fix (should be the case on a very good burn). The former is basically the same thing as BLER (though BLER is written as a rate rather than an absolute value) while the latter is worse.
Unfortunately TY media is hard to get cheaply with any sort of good protective surface on the media layer. A lot of the bulk TY media you can get has very good media quality but is easy to damage...
For my bulk stuff I usually use the ubiquitous TDKs. The majority of TDKs for sale today are made by Ritek, and you can tell them apart from the others by the markings on the inner rim. Unfortunately lately TDK has also sourced a bunch of discs from CMC Magnetics (blech). The CMCs have a really distinctive black ink labeling on the inner rim though so it's easy to spot them.
A long time ago TDK made their own CD-Rs. I own a bunch. I don't know why they don't anymore.
Anyway for archival stuff I still favor Verbatim's Datalife Plus (Mitsubishi Metal Azo). The initial burn quality is not quite as good as TY's but the discs have excellent coating and the Azo dye is extremely durable. All my Azo discs I've burned in the past are still very good today.
Incidentally while Lite-Ons are excellent burners for the price, I still recommend Plextor Premiums over them for a quality burn... They simply use better parts (and you pay for that). Also Yamaha burners when you can still find them for sale are very good. It's a shame Yamaha exited the burner market.:-(
Slashdot Mirror
Er, IBC. (Must not hit Submit quite so fast). Although IBQ sounds interesting. =3
Erm, I'm sorry, but it was a LOT more than that. First of all, IBQ only counts people that they can directly verify dead -- i.e. more people than that died. Estimates of the real total vary from ~30K - ~100K.
The real biggie though is that they only count civilian deaths. i.e., people we WEREN'T shooting at. Think about how many people we killed that we were actually TRYING to kill. It's a lot more.
QSD was on French Minitel, not US Telenet (though like all the commercial PSNs at the time you could reach it from Telenet).
And it was an NUA, not an NUI. xD The NUI was the id you used for access on your local PSN.
(Although using a modem capable of v.23 you could connect to the Minitel 1200/75 modem bank and access QSD directly without an NUI).
Unfortunately I don't remember QSD's NUA. I just remember it started with 2080. xD
AmigaOS 4.0 is in public beta. Read http://www.amigaworld.net/
Yes, but the Apple I was a kit computer, which you had to assemble yourself. Commodore had one too -- the KIM-1, which predates the Apple I (the KIM-1 was the demo system for the 6502, which of course went on to be used in the Apple I. It's ironic that Commodore, which owned MOS Technologies (manufacturer of the 6502) produced the CPUs for their biggest competitor).
I don't think these machines count though since they were kit computers.
The Commodore PET predates the Apple as the first personal computer by an itsy bitsy margin.
Suggestion then:
Buy them a snowblower, in exchange for them going out and blowing your driveway every so often. These folks make a living doing yardwork, right? So they probably could use that snowblower to make a living in the winter.
I mean, if you bought the snowblower, you'd just be using it about as often, right? This way not only do you get your driveway cleared, but you don't have to stand out in the freezing cold doing it.
While I think sentences (including this one) in the United States are excessive, and I think prison in fact fails to solve anything because it is used as a punishment rather than a rehabilitation and in fact makes people worse rather than better, I sort of rankle at this person being compared to Kevin Mitnick.
Kevin had no interest in any sort of financial gain from his activities. He was only interested in exploring and seeing what he could find. He was an annoying guy, but not one with ill intention.
I don't know the details about these individuals, but it seems to be implied that it was a moneymaking operation. That makes it far worse than anything Kevin did.
That said, prison isn't the answer. Only violent people should go to prison (and those prisons should be run such that they don't create the atmosphere for violence inside that they do today -- i.e. don't use the prisoners as an unwritten "punishment" against eachother -- punishment is counterproductive.)
Hmm... or like the previous poster picking up kogals in Shibuya. =D
I remember Leroy Chiao well -- he was my stepdad's roommate at UCSB. Great guy. ^^; He seems to have put on some weight though.
I'd be interested in knowing who it was that ate too much. XD
Unfortunately I looked up that patent number from that gerbil shirt add and it was something else entirely. =(
It would certainly be a useful accessory for people with certain "kinks". They'd have a supply of rodentia always at the ready!
It's very hard to get the full political spectrum in the U.S.. The conservative side is well-represented (most religious stations, Fox News, etc.), there are centrist-rightist networks like CNN, and even center-left networks like Comedy Central (though there doesn't appear to be a left-leaning news station, jokes about CBS/Dan Rather aside.) There really is no liberal television network, but there are many conservative television networks.
There is ONE liberal radio network in the U.S. -- Pacifica, and it has very few stations (though many of its shows are played on a number of campus radio stations at colleges across the country.) There's also the center-left network that the Clintonites recently started, though that's only barely getting off the ground.
You really don't realize how far to the right the media has swung in the U.S. until you look at centrist broadcasting from the rest of the world (with the exception of fundamentalist middle eastern nations)
Space Elevators are starting to become the new Beowulf Cluster of slashdot.
"Imagine a space elevator made of this!"
Ahhh my apologies. ^^; Years of dealing with overzealous school admins has conditioned me to have a knee-jerk negative response to anything that sounds like a locked-down student lab. xD
I would hate to be a student at your lab. I'd ask to transfer to someplace else. Or egg your house or something.
Impressive from a technical standpoint though.
I really fear what the operating environment of a tapeworm-eating robot would be. o.O
._.;
Would that REALLY be worth it?
The main reason the SNES won in the end is that the Sega Megadrive (the real name of the Genesis) was pretty much a failure in Japan. It got some good shooters but it was the Super Famicom (the real name of the SNES) that courted the RPG makers who are the real key to success in the Japanese market. With both Dragon Quest and Final Fantasy under their belt, it was inevitable that Nintendo would rule the Japanese market.
Since the vast majority of good games come from Japan, the third party onslaught of the SNES overwhelmed the Genesis. It also helped that the SNES had a largely superior chipset despite an inferior CPU.
It's interesting to note that the Saturn, while being an abject failure in the U.S., was wildly successful in Japan and was the dominant 32-bit console there. The Playstation only won out with the release of Final Fantasy VII (and with the news that Dragon Quest VII would be released for it, though it was delayed for so long it only came out after the Playstation was ascendant.) I bet if Sega had courted Square and Enix and landed the key RPGs vital to winning in the Japanese market, the third party support of the Saturn would've eventually allowed it to win in the U.S. market, just like the SNES eventually won out.
OK maybe you're trolling but I'm going to bite here anyway in case you genuinely don't know.
419 refers to a KIND of spam, the "Nigerian prince wants to give you lots of money" scam and its variants. It refers to the number of the relevant law in the Nigerian penal code.
The actual number of spam mailings coming out of this provider is in the millions, maybe even the tens or hundreds of millions.
Not true either! The "SuperCD" was a CD addon for the NEC PC Engine (a slightly-modified version of which was released in the U.S. as the "TurboGrafix 16", where it failed pretty miserably), and many, many of them were sold. Later the PC Engine Duo was released which had the CD drive built in.
Well, a Harrier would be nice, but he'll have to collect all the Pepsi points for it first. ^_-
OK I already blew 3 moderator points on this thread but it's time to negate them with this post. :-( Bye-bye points.
The long and short of it is that all of these cards are not very good. As has been mentioned before, these are all really plain-old IDE controllers with proprietary software-based RAID built into the drivers, and an inflated price for that package. In other words you're better off using plain IDE controllers and using Linux's built-in software RAID.
Why? Linux's software RAID is faster. It outpaces all of the binary-only software drivers that companies like Promise and Highpoint provide, and is better than the reverse-engineered drivers that are in the kernel.
I know -- I have a motherboard with a 4-channel Highpoint 374 controller on it. Getting it to work properly under Linux has been a nightmare -- and the end result is still slow. I finally broke down and used it as a plain IDE controller -- and it works passably in that regard, but it still has tons of stuff not implemented in the kernel (and the binary-only drivers are even worse -- they allow access to the disk blocks and almost nothing else -- so forget about using any advanced features of your drive).
If you really want REAL hardware ATA RAID, the best choice is 3ware's Escalade series. Not only does the support in the kernel kick ass, 3ware's support is excellent. Barring some major changes in the marketplace, I will never get ATA RAID cards from any other source.
That said, Promise and Adaptec do apparently make at least partially-hardware-based ATA RAID controllers, but I don't know how good the support under Linux is... Most importantly these are their expensive controllers, not their cheap cards -- they are in the same ballpark as 3ware, so there's no reason not to choose 3ware.
Finally, don't expect miracles from ATA RAID in terms of speed. While it's great for the added redundacy, speed does not go up linearly. Basically what happens is that while your transfer time goes down, your seek time stays the same. Assuming an arbitrarily fast bus (think something on the order of 133Mhz/64-bit PCI-X, not lame 33Mhz/32-bit PCI that is in most consumer desktop motherboards), as you add more drives eventually the vast majority of time your array is seeking rather than transferring data, and seek time becomes the bottleneck.
This is why if you are serious about RAID for speed (rather than just for rendundancy) you really need to go to a 15Krpm SCSI array. 15krpm drives have slower media transfer rates due to lower data density -- but you can always improve that by adding more drives to the array. Your seek time never improves. This is why a WD Raptor can compete in the same ballpark as a 15Krpm Cheetah, but when put in an array the array of Cheetahs THUMPS the array of Raptors.
Also I recommend a SCSI array because of command queueing and reordering. Supposedly Serial ATA has support for reordering but I don't think anyone has actually implmemented it -- so far all Serial ATA implementations are just plain old ATA-style traffic over a serial line. Under heavy disk usage access over multiple files, SCSI is smart enough to spend way less time seeking than ATA. (As I understand it the 2.6 kernel tries to do reordering in software to try to make ATA drives perform better in this regard. I will be interested in seeing how well this works.... But really the kernel does not have better knowledge about how the drive is seeking than the hardware, so I suspect it will not be as effective.)
Uhh, the first personal computer (i.e. the first computer that came out that didn't come in a cabinet or as a kit (like the Altair)) came out more than 25 years ago. Sorry.
Hell, I got my first computer when I was friggin 7, and that was Christmas 1982, over 20 years ago.
Is that it assumes that with constant progression you can reach a given goal. They set the goal seemingly-low -- "A five year old" -- to make it seem more achievable, when the real problem is that to achieve this it's going to take a paradigm shift in technology. This shift could occur thirty years from now, a hundred years from now, or tomorrow, but it's not something you can put on a schedule.
The idea of setting a "five-year-old" requirement on it is ridiculous, because what we lack is the basic ability to create human-like intelligence in the first place. Once we have that, it will be trivial to make the equivalent of a five year old human (basic sentience), or a fifteen year old human (the peak of human intelligence), or even something beyond that that humans are incapable of achieving (After fifteen years of age or so human intelligence goes into a slow downward slide, though overall capability often goes up thanks to accumulated experience and knowledge. Imagine a being that had equal or greater intelligence to a fifteen year old, but with the knowledge and life experience of a fifty year old!).
It's kind of like the development of the microprocessor. Before we knew how to make one, there was nothing -- but once we had the basic technology to make one, Moore's law kicked in and the capability of microprocessors grew by leaps and bounds. AI will be the same way. Once we have a big breakthrough that allows us to create the first real AI, the technology will progress with incredible rapidity. The problem is that first big breakthrough, and it's not something you can simply budget time and resources for and expect results. You can't put it on a "thirty year plan".
Taiyo Yudens are excellent, yes. I've always been impressed by the quality of burns on TY media. However it's not possible to burn to a disc without any bad bits... There seems to be an inconsistancy in consumer/hardware between reporting errors that C1 has fixed (happens on every disc) and errors that C1 wasn't able to fix (should be the case on a very good burn). The former is basically the same thing as BLER (though BLER is written as a rate rather than an absolute value) while the latter is worse.
:-(
Unfortunately TY media is hard to get cheaply with any sort of good protective surface on the media layer. A lot of the bulk TY media you can get has very good media quality but is easy to damage...
For my bulk stuff I usually use the ubiquitous TDKs. The majority of TDKs for sale today are made by Ritek, and you can tell them apart from the others by the markings on the inner rim. Unfortunately lately TDK has also sourced a bunch of discs from CMC Magnetics (blech). The CMCs have a really distinctive black ink labeling on the inner rim though so it's easy to spot them.
A long time ago TDK made their own CD-Rs. I own a bunch. I don't know why they don't anymore.
Anyway for archival stuff I still favor Verbatim's Datalife Plus (Mitsubishi Metal Azo). The initial burn quality is not quite as good as TY's but the discs have excellent coating and the Azo dye is extremely durable. All my Azo discs I've burned in the past are still very good today.
Incidentally while Lite-Ons are excellent burners for the price, I still recommend Plextor Premiums over them for a quality burn... They simply use better parts (and you pay for that). Also Yamaha burners when you can still find them for sale are very good. It's a shame Yamaha exited the burner market.