Sorry for the late answer.
There are several reasons for this. Here is the fundamental one:
On a standard CD or DVD (not a CD-R or DVD-R), the depth of the pit is precisely a quarter of the wavelength, and the bottom of the pit is reflective. This way, a beam reflecting at the bottom of a pit will have a pi/2 phase difference with a beam reflecting outside of a bit, and both of them will product destructive interference.
Obviously, this will not a different laser of a different laser, because the phase difference will not be pi/2.
On a side note, CD-R or DVD-R emulate this behaviour by having black burned "pit transitions" which do not reflect the laser beam, and therefore mimmick destructive interference.
This kind of multi-numerical aperture diffractive lens has already been used in several DVD players for CD compatibility. As an example, check out this link.
Notice that you do not only need different numerical aperture lenses to read every format, you also need to generate lasers of the proper wavelengths. There are several solutions for this, but the easiest is to use three different laser diodes.
I can understand wanting to see a head of state. But what kind of self-centered lack-a-wit, KNOWING he doesn't have an appointment, having gotten ZERO feedback from the official's office, decides he's just gonna barge on in and get an audience? I mean COME ON! Use some common effin' sense!
His trip to France was already planned. As an example, he gave a conference on Sunday afternoon. I think he had no real hope to be able to meet the prime minister without an appointment, but he just wanted to attract some attention on the matter while he was at Paris.
I do not really see why Pluto would not be able to qualify as a planet. As you have pointed out, the definition of the word planet is more historical than anything other.
After all, a telluric planet as Mercury shares very few similarities with a gaseous planet such as Jupiter, and we are still calling both of them planets.
Greetings,
do not forget that each pixel is having its own amplification chain in an Active Pixel Sensor. That means that in addition to the thermal noise induced by defects in the lattice you were talking about, you also have to take into account the noise of the MOS amplifiers. As this noise does not have a linear dependency to the surface of the pixels, you are going to end up with a worse signal to noise ratio with the smaller pixels.
I do not really understand your post. You can also have a crumby job, sit at a 'Windows console' without an administrator account, and not have the right to move icons around too.
Do not forget that the first telescopes were built around 1600, by Galileo himself. However, you can still see the effect you are describing with this apparatus, if you have a good eyesight.
Contre son avis, les députés ont adopté dans la nuit deux amendements identiques - un UMP, un PS - qui légalisent les échanges de fichiers sur internet via le système "peer to peer".
which can be translated as : Against [the governement] will, the representatives have adopted two identical amendments - one from the UMP, and one from the PS - which are legalizing peer to peer file sharing on the internet.
Now, let us check the facts more carefully : you will find the direct links to the amendments we are speaking of here and here.
I do not find the name of any representative of the UDF in these texts. If you want to check by yourself, here is the list of the representatives.
Which leads me to my point, these amendments were voted not because they are a Good Thing (tm) (which they are!), but because the UDF (center-right) saw this as a way to strenghten its role as the 'Real Opposition' and gain voters in the 'internet generation' demographics, which is not favorably biased towards them.
Not really. On this page, you will find the trancript of the debates. You will be able to read:
M. Jean Dionis du Séjour - Le groupe UDF est opposé à ces amendements.
Which can be translated as : the UDF group is opposed to these amendments.
Paradoxically, the electronic/digital age has increased the consumption of paper, if anything. People find a lot of content and information on the internet or stored in a digital form, when they would find this content on books previously. The problem is that most of the people still want to read this on paper (I can hardly blame them), which causes a huge waste of paper.
Anyway, printing is nowhere near to extinction.
Anyway, ICQ contact lists are backed up on the server nowadays. Just use a modern client on the old computer (any ICQ release you can download right now, GAIM should also do the trick), and it will upload the list to the server.
The list will be downloaded on first login on the newer computer.
In holographic media, read and write operations are usually done using different laser wavelengths. You use a "recording" wavelength to record an interference pattern in the media, and a "reading" wavelength which will diffract into the interference pattern and restore the original image.
These wavelengths need to be different because holographic materials work like photographic films. If you try to read the hologram with a wavelength to which the holographic material is sensitive, you will destroy the interference pattern, and therefore the data.
Wikipedia states that a 532nm laser is used for both reading and writing operations. That means they use a different way to store the hologram. Would anyone have more information about this ?
If you had been able to see the site before it got submerged by the slashdot wave, you would have seen that these Lego blocks also support the IEEE1394a standard.
never got into 1v1 very much, I always thought teamwork execution was so much more exciting and took much more skill than running around a small map killing someone repeatedly before they could grab a weapon.
As far as I know, the whole point of Team Deathmatch is weapon and spawn point control. Deny the other team the access to key weapons, to the quad damage (in Quake-based games), etc...
So actually, Team Deathmatch is very much like Team Camping. But it does require a lot of skill and a great amount of team coordination.
A bit of followup : this might not be the bleeding-edge figures, as I suppose there have been further advances in the meantime.
I know that a CMOS detector integration speed of 1ms has been reached several years ago on holographic RAM (I am not talking here about holographic disks). As the integration speed is the limiting factor during the readout, that means you roughly read 1000 pages of data per second.
Usually, these pages of data are arrays of 1024x1024 values, coded on 256 different brighness levels (therefore equivalent to 8 bits, or one byte). That means you can get a reading speed of 1GB/s on that technology.
However, I think most of the research nowadays is turned towards holographic disks, because they are more suited to the "write once slowly, read many times quickly" behaviour of holographic memory. The main problem here is to find (or create) an holographic material suitable for this usage. So far, data density has been much lower in holographic disks than in holographic RAM because of this issue.
This might not be a typo, if they are talking about writing speed. Most holographic storage technologies depend on chemical reactions for recording. These reactions are a very serious limiting factor to writing speed.
On the other hand, reading speed can be tremendous. You get a full page of data for each reading operation. Some people will say you can read "at the speed of light", because all it takes to extract a page of data is to let diffract a laser beam through the holographic media. This is not completely true, as you still have to convert the data from its original optical form to an electronic form suitable for computer. This is usually done using arrays of CCD or CMOS detectors, and their speed is the limiting factor when reading data.
If I can get a hand on several documents that I know to be hiding somewhere on my computer, I will post actual speed figures which might give you a better idea of the typical transfer rates.
Slashdot Mirror
Sorry for the late answer.
There are several reasons for this. Here is the fundamental one:
On a standard CD or DVD (not a CD-R or DVD-R), the depth of the pit is precisely a quarter of the wavelength, and the bottom of the pit is reflective. This way, a beam reflecting at the bottom of a pit will have a pi/2 phase difference with a beam reflecting outside of a bit, and both of them will product destructive interference.
Obviously, this will not a different laser of a different laser, because the phase difference will not be pi/2.
On a side note, CD-R or DVD-R emulate this behaviour by having black burned "pit transitions" which do not reflect the laser beam, and therefore mimmick destructive interference.
This kind of multi-numerical aperture diffractive lens has already been used in several DVD players for CD compatibility. As an example, check out this link.
Notice that you do not only need different numerical aperture lenses to read every format, you also need to generate lasers of the proper wavelengths. There are several solutions for this, but the easiest is to use three different laser diodes.
Not anymore. See this link: Yahoo dumps Google search technology
I can understand wanting to see a head of state. But what kind of self-centered lack-a-wit, KNOWING he doesn't have an appointment, having gotten ZERO feedback from the official's office, decides he's just gonna barge on in and get an audience? I mean COME ON! Use some common effin' sense!
His trip to France was already planned. As an example, he gave a conference on Sunday afternoon. I think he had no real hope to be able to meet the prime minister without an appointment, but he just wanted to attract some attention on the matter while he was at Paris.
I do not really see why Pluto would not be able to qualify as a planet. As you have pointed out, the definition of the word planet is more historical than anything other.
After all, a telluric planet as Mercury shares very few similarities with a gaseous planet such as Jupiter, and we are still calling both of them planets.
Greetings,
do not forget that each pixel is having its own amplification chain in an Active Pixel Sensor. That means that in addition to the thermal noise induced by defects in the lattice you were talking about, you also have to take into account the noise of the MOS amplifiers. As this noise does not have a linear dependency to the surface of the pixels, you are going to end up with a worse signal to noise ratio with the smaller pixels.
Isn't iTunes already ported to Windows ? If so, I figure Apple has already hired some people to work on Windows.
I do not really understand your post. You can also have a crumby job, sit at a 'Windows console' without an administrator account, and not have the right to move icons around too.
Do not forget that the first telescopes were built around 1600, by Galileo himself. However, you can still see the effect you are describing with this apparatus, if you have a good eyesight.
This seems incorrect to me. On your link, I see :
Contre son avis, les députés ont adopté dans la nuit deux amendements identiques - un UMP, un PS - qui légalisent les échanges de fichiers sur internet via le système "peer to peer".
which can be translated as : Against [the governement] will, the representatives have adopted two identical amendments - one from the UMP, and one from the PS - which are legalizing peer to peer file sharing on the internet.
Now, let us check the facts more carefully : you will find the direct links to the amendments we are speaking of here and here.
I do not find the name of any representative of the UDF in these texts. If you want to check by yourself, here is the list of the representatives.
Which leads me to my point, these amendments were voted not because they are a Good Thing (tm) (which they are!), but because the UDF (center-right) saw this as a way to strenghten its role as the 'Real Opposition' and gain voters in the 'internet generation' demographics, which is not favorably biased towards them.
Not really. On this page, you will find the trancript of the debates. You will be able to read:
M. Jean Dionis du Séjour - Le groupe UDF est opposé à ces amendements.
Which can be translated as : the UDF group is opposed to these amendments.
get used to mashing buttons.
Mashing buttons is a console trademark ? I think you have never played Diablo.
Paradoxically, the electronic/digital age has increased the consumption of paper, if anything. People find a lot of content and information on the internet or stored in a digital form, when they would find this content on books previously. The problem is that most of the people still want to read this on paper (I can hardly blame them), which causes a huge waste of paper.
Anyway, printing is nowhere near to extinction.
Anyway, ICQ contact lists are backed up on the server nowadays. Just use a modern client on the old computer (any ICQ release you can download right now, GAIM should also do the trick), and it will upload the list to the server.
The list will be downloaded on first login on the newer computer.
In holographic media, read and write operations are usually done using different laser wavelengths. You use a "recording" wavelength to record an interference pattern in the media, and a "reading" wavelength which will diffract into the interference pattern and restore the original image.
These wavelengths need to be different because holographic materials work like photographic films. If you try to read the hologram with a wavelength to which the holographic material is sensitive, you will destroy the interference pattern, and therefore the data.
Wikipedia states that a 532nm laser is used for both reading and writing operations. That means they use a different way to store the hologram. Would anyone have more information about this ?
5.25" = 13.34 cm.
Why wouldn't you be able to fit a disc having a diameter of 13cm in a 5.25" enclosure ?
If you had been able to see the site before it got submerged by the slashdot wave, you would have seen that these Lego blocks also support the IEEE1394a standard.
Dupe. :)
This is what you get when you don't click carefully on each one of the links.
Available here. I think this will explain the device much better than the other links that were posted.
The reply might not had been very informative, but it had the effect intended : Parent went from 0 (Troll) to (+5 Funny).
never got into 1v1 very much, I always thought teamwork execution was so much more exciting and took much more skill than running around a small map killing someone repeatedly before they could grab a weapon.
As far as I know, the whole point of Team Deathmatch is weapon and spawn point control. Deny the other team the access to key weapons, to the quad damage (in Quake-based games), etc...
So actually, Team Deathmatch is very much like Team Camping. But it does require a lot of skill and a great amount of team coordination.
Maybe that someday, you will fall in love with someone.
I found this very funny.
A bit of followup : this might not be the bleeding-edge figures, as I suppose there have been further advances in the meantime.
I know that a CMOS detector integration speed of 1ms has been reached several years ago on holographic RAM (I am not talking here about holographic disks). As the integration speed is the limiting factor during the readout, that means you roughly read 1000 pages of data per second.
Usually, these pages of data are arrays of 1024x1024 values, coded on 256 different brighness levels (therefore equivalent to 8 bits, or one byte). That means you can get a reading speed of 1GB/s on that technology.
However, I think most of the research nowadays is turned towards holographic disks, because they are more suited to the "write once slowly, read many times quickly" behaviour of holographic memory. The main problem here is to find (or create) an holographic material suitable for this usage. So far, data density has been much lower in holographic disks than in holographic RAM because of this issue.
This might not be a typo, if they are talking about writing speed. Most holographic storage technologies depend on chemical reactions for recording. These reactions are a very serious limiting factor to writing speed.
On the other hand, reading speed can be tremendous. You get a full page of data for each reading operation. Some people will say you can read "at the speed of light", because all it takes to extract a page of data is to let diffract a laser beam through the holographic media. This is not completely true, as you still have to convert the data from its original optical form to an electronic form suitable for computer. This is usually done using arrays of CCD or CMOS detectors, and their speed is the limiting factor when reading data.
If I can get a hand on several documents that I know to be hiding somewhere on my computer, I will post actual speed figures which might give you a better idea of the typical transfer rates.