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Police Busted When Tracking Device Found On Car
uh oh notes a story from Down Under where a police investigation came to a screeching halt as a man being investigated by the police found tracking devices in two of his cars, ripped them out, and listed them on an auction site. "Ralph Williams, of Cromwell, said he found the devices last week in his daughter's car, which he uses, and in his flatmate's car after the cars were seized by police and taken away for investigation."
Police have neither confirmed nor denied they placed the devices.
...followed shortly by...
A Trade Me spokesman said the listing was removed yesterday afternoon "at the request of the New Zealand Police".
Beep beep.
... you placed the tracking devices on your arch-nemesis' car.
If the police leave something in your car like that, do you now legally own them? If a burglar breaks into your house and leaves his jacket, I'm pretty sure he can't ask for it back. If the police did not obtain a warrant, it seems like an analogous situation. I'm not sure what the rules are if the cops did obtain a warrant.
Obviously not you.
Did they have a warrant to place the devices? TFA doesn't say.
At what point does it become viable to sue the police for their lies and denials on this case?
And what kind of law requires a warrent to do something, except when the police are claiming they are in a hurry and don't need a warrent if they think the judge will be on their side? Sounds like their judges have balls even smaller than those of American judges when it comes to stricking down bad laws.
I bet 90% of the time, the police intend to be in a hurry, and don't even consider asking for the warrent.
George Bush + Linux = "I will not let information get in the way of the fight against Windows"
I would have simply removed them, disabled them, taken them out on some back road, and run over them a few times, followed by a thorough beating with a sledgehammer. The police won't admit they were there, so why should you? Then they'd have to admit to them to get them back, and you could plausibly say you never knew they were there, and thus couldn't be held responsible for their disappearance.
Now if you want to get really funny, leave them powered up and transmitting on aforementioned backroad for a few minutes, make sure they get at least one location transmission off, and then beat the crap out of them.
Move along, nothing to see here.
Even better would have been if he could have somehow casually slipped it inside a local police car, or perhaps one of their personal cars.
Perhaps the best would have been to slip it inside the car of a local judge, or newspaper reporter. Then sit back and watch the police try to explain that one.
He should have attached the devices to helium balloons and set them aloft.
It would have been interesting to replace them onto somebody else's vehicle, perhaps a trash truck or long haul truck.
I believe that at some point in the future tracking devices are going to be mandatory and embedded in all vehicles. This will probably be based on some security or safety concern, which may even be imaginary. Another one reason to be car-free.
Why admit that you have them? So that you can tell the media of shady police shenanigans. Otherwise no one else would know these things occur. This should hopefully make the police more careful not to do such things next time. And it will alert regular citizens that such things can happen so beware when the police take your stuff.
Or hide them somewhere near the police station and then re-activate them.
Police:Dear god, he is in the building 24/7 and yet we haven't seen him. He must be an invisible, cop hating machine that requires no food or water! Lets not fuck with him!
Monstar L
I would have tied them on to a long distance lorry.
Deleted
Or even better, put each of them into separate packages, mail one to China and one to America.
Would love to see the police phone bill after that ^_^
...
Does anyone know the legality in the U.S. of selling, destroying, etc. police devices that have been deliberately left on your property like this?
- RG>
Hey pal, this isn't a pleasantforest, so don't waste my time with pleasantries!
no we only have wallabies
they've already indicated that they want them back .... personally I'd have just left them somewhere really really hard to get to .... but still transmitting
Guys forget about judges, buses, smashing them to pieces and whatnot. You have two tracking devices. The obvious thing to do with them is to glue them to the politicians cars. One to a democrat, the other to a republican. Bonus points if you get a friend to cross-file fake DMCA requests from the respective victims to one another. Jackpot if you can crack their wireless connections and download a gig or two of child porn, Disney movies and instructions for growing pot. Then file an anonymous tip or two... If things are to change it needs to have negative consequences for the people who make the rules...
The subject in this case, Ralph Williams, has been arrested for theft of property. See http://tvnz.co.nz/view/page/1318360/1336811 for a more recent article.
I suppose the police will argue that listing the items as police bugs on an auction site shows awareness that the bugs weren't his to sell. Thus, he'd "stolen" them by their logic.
Mr. Williams' day in court promises to be interesting...
-Isaac
I am not a lawyer, and this is not legal advice. For Entertainment Purposes Only.
I would have mailed them to Nigeria or someplace where the roaming charges are quite high.
(and that's hard to do)
Since when is surveillance ever an issue of immediacy? You usually engage in it over a protracted period in order to slowly gather evidence. Also a warrant hardly ever takes more than a day or even a few hours to get in any country I ever heard of. Anyhow, what Judge is going to refuse a warrant for a bugging device considered so important by the Police that they have already installed it?
This seems to be a deliberate loop-hole in the law to allow for warrant-less surveillance. The very fact that a regular police force investigating a fairly low-level crime uses this tactic kind of implies that this is fairly widespread or typical behaviour as well.
Yet another reason never to go to Australia.
I wonder if the first clue the police will get that they have been had is when the "cars" travel 300 mph at 30k feet on their monitoring screen.
so if we put in on a lorry, balloon, or long distance flight to the US, the first thing you do is change the number to 1-999-CALL-SEX. (I wonder how many times a day it called?)
Of course, this is another abuse by the powers that be of the common man etc. etc., but this was labeled 'funny', so lets turn to the bright side of things.
Things you can do with a police tracking device:
1. Sell it on an auctioning site - that's what the guy did. Maybe he thought it would get him a few bucks. Didn't work that well, so let's try something else.
2. Destroy it - the Right thing to do. Not much to say about that. Net loss for the police, no gain to you.
3. Abandon it - Watch the cops surround a garbage bin, with hilarious consequences.
4. Attach them to a moving target - this is my favourite. Forget it in a cab, tape it to a bus, throw it on some truck, send it in the mail, whatever. I'd like to see those coppers try to keep tabs on you after a nice portion of wild goose chase.
To sum it up, this guy blew away a perfect chance to make stupid cops look even sillier.
Heh - Very Office Space: "PC Load Tracker?!?! WTF is PC Load Tracker!??!" :)
Bark less. Wag more.
fortunately here in NZ we have neither republicans or democrats ..... well actually we do have 'republicans' - they are in favor or doing away with the queen as head of state - not the same as the 'merkin republicans who at the moment seem to be rather enamoured of queens in public restrooms
Yeah:
Let's take them to the nearest airport men's bathroom and past one in each of the stalls!
Or tape them to the bottoms of seats in an adult movie theatre.
Or, find out which church the chief judge goes to and tape them to the underside of the pews in that church.
Peace
Cleara
Down Under is Australia people, this happened in New Zealand. There IS a difference, like Canada and America!
---
Your post would work very well if the devices were in Australia and not New Zealand. *golf clap*
I would have just posted the to some far away place under a non-existent address, then put a return address in another far away place. That might confuse the police a bit.
It's "PC Load Letter".
So that's what happened to Hans Reiser's car seat!
For anyone who's forgotten, Hans Reiser is the author of the popular journaling filesystem ReiserFS, and is under arrest for murdering his wife. Part of the evidence for his murder of the missing woman is the way his car seat very conveniently disappeared from his car before police could search it, but they still found blood in his house and car.
and glue them to a pig or two. Maybe buy a already butchered pig, beat the crap out of it and leave the tracking devices next to it. Even better slip them onto somebodys luggage at the airport.
I don't know about Australia but here in Canada you can turn in an item you found and I think if no one claims it in 30 days you can now claim it as yours. If so he shoudl have given it to the cops. If they claimed it then they just admitted to using the tracking devices. If no one claimed it then you own the devices and sell them all you want legally.
by TheSpoom (715771) Uncaring Linux user here. I have nothing to add to this but please continue. *munches popcorn*
If no warrent, then hire a lawyer. Heck, you might not even have to pay the lawyer. They would take it on contingency.
I prefer the "u" in honour as it seems to be missing these days.
Nope. You want to confuse the piss out of the cops. find where you can apply the trackers to that will be incredibly random. Taxicab is the best choice as they go all over with no real pattern. A large stray dog is also fun.
Do not look at laser with remaining good eye.
Nah. Connect the phone antenna to a motion-controlled directional antenna. Have it switch back and forth between distant cell towers. Laugh maniacally when the cops' next phone bill is delivered in a shoebox, with NZ$92,000 in roaming charges.
Next time the police seizes your cars for something trivial, list two bugs on EBay. Should the police get active, it's time to search your car for the bugs.
Saves you the hassle to actually do it "just in case", they'll tell you if they did.
We used to have a Bill of Rights. Now, with the rights gone, all we have left is the bill.
Why so puny? Take an interstate delivery truck.
Since I'm currently a wee bit pissed at McDonalds, I'd tack it to their trucks and let them explain to the cops why such a highly suspicious guy like me spends so much time driving to and from their depots.
We used to have a Bill of Rights. Now, with the rights gone, all we have left is the bill.
Connect the phone antenna to a motion-controlled directional antenna in a country with insane roaming rates.
Hey, it would be worth that plane ticket to the US for me. Not to mention the look on their face when they see my car rush across the big pond at insane speeds.
We used to have a Bill of Rights. Now, with the rights gone, all we have left is the bill.
I'd not destroy them when leaving them live has more potential.
Fun things to do could include attaching them to long-haul trucks, boats, or leaving them in railcars.
"This post is an artistic work of fiction and falsehood. Only a fool would take anything posted here as fact."
Strictly speaking, this isn't a story for Down Under, it is a story from New Zealand (New Zuland if you prefer).
While many "down under" residents view New Zealand as a minor state of Australia (a dimuitive Tasmania with more sheep), New Zealanders tend to take issue with this.
meh
RFID is in all new tires sold in the US now, built in tracking devices if they want them.
Or how about taking one of them to a bridge, and throw it out into the river/ocean/lake (in a watertight bag if you want so it'll keep transmitting a little longer). Then find a nice vantage point and see whether the police come to investigate why their suspect drove off a bridge :-)
If they come, then they must admit that they were following you and may have a bit of explaining to do (particularly if you call the press when you see them arriving). If they don't, then would that be a case for attempted negligent homicide, or something to that effect, if it can be shown that they knew your "car" went over a bridge/cliff, and they did nothing?
1) Find controversial local politician, and controversial local journalist.
2) Transfer devices to their vehicles.
3) CALL POLITICIAN AND JOURNALIST and tell them the cops have their cars bugged.
4) Enjoy the subsequent stories of Police Corruption in the newspaper.
Technology -- No Place For Wimps! Grateful Dead and Jerry Garcia Chatroom -- http://www.wemissjerry.org
Even better - disassemble the bugs and use the parts for something else. It's a *free* GPS + GSM module combo / unit after all. The SIM card is a nice bonus... hack it to change content of the message (make it send fake data), put it in a old throwaway mobile phone and let it do its work.
There you go - you get the hardware and cops get fake data -> WIN.
Or a police car. :-)
Please stand clear of the doors, por favor mantenganse alejado de las puertas
And I bet 90% of such ridiculous statistics are made up without any grounding in reality whatsoever.
Actually, 86.43% of statistics are made up on the the spur of the moment.
Why not just put them on someone else's car?
Talk about a fucking monumental waste of time..imagine putting it on a semi.
"He's running for it! He's heading for Texas! Stop him!"
Ten hours later.
"Nope..wasn't him..it was a fucking semi. We just wasted thousands and thousands of dollars and its our own fault. And we can't even bitch at him or he'll sue us."
Job? I don't have time to get a job! Who will sit around and bitch about being broke and unemployed then?
Or even better, put each of them into separate packages, mail one to China and one to America.
And send it air mail. Let the scratch their heads as to how the cars are going over water at 500 miles an hour.
Or even better, put each of them into separate packages, mail one to China and one to America.
Would love to see the police phone bill after that ^_^
--
If the device is not subscribed to roaming service, it could be a waste of postage.
I think it would be much more fun to wrap the GPS antenna in foil so it can't give the location. Then put it in a backpack and spend a few hours shopping near police parking and impound lots. Unwrap the antenna for a few minutes at each location before catching the city bus. Do this only when a large crowd is there.
Cell tower triangulation is not near as accurate as GPS location and requires bugging the cell company for location information. That would introduce delays. After you are done with that, take it to the local post office and buy a parcel box and send it to a bad address cross country. They may be able to locate the post office where you dropped it off, but they would have a very hard time finding the right package. In most places the post office will not let the police rummage through the mail room. Be sure not to use your name on the return address. Wait for it to be returned to shipper, also to a bad address. Hopefully by that time the batteries will die and they lose the package.
The truth shall set you free!
In a television interview taken just before he was arrested by Police (for possessing stolen police items) - he said that he had driven all over the South Island on a wild goose chase deliberately stopping outside known gang pads, brothels, and other amusing locations.
The SIM card is a nice bonus... hack it to change content of the message (make it send fake data), put it in a old throwaway mobile phone and let it do its work.
I like that idea. NMEA data is easy to capture from almost any hand-held GPS. Playing back that data later would be great. The only give-away would the the real-time clock info. It could take a while to ignore the location information and notice the time stamp is wrong. Transmitting the prior day travel information of a buddy could mess with them. Spend a day riding the city bus with a handheld, Capture the track and replay it. Fun.
The truth shall set you free!
How on earth did he find the devices after his cars were taken away?
"He's running for it! He's heading for Texas! Stop him!"
From Google Maps;
"We could not calculate driving directions between New Zealand and Dallas Texas."
Maybe Mapquest could do better..
The truth shall set you free!
He should have mailed it to Iraq.
Or put it at the bottom of a 55-gallon drum of catfish bait and rotten meat, and then mailed it to the Police Dept.
Knowing Google's lust for data collection, the Soviet Union is still alive and well inside the psyche of Sergey Brin....
n/t
OK, so it uses a SIM card,which apparently also works in a mobile phone. So, it might be fun to pick up a cheap cellular phone from ebay, then slap the card in and regularly make a few bothersome phone calls to various numbers that have a caller-ID, then slap the card back in the device(s) before attaching them to one of the vehicles mentioned in the previous post.
Personally, though, I think it might be more fun to attach the thing to a sewer-sucker or garbage truck... something unpleasant at any rate. Perhaps the interface would allow one to reconfigure the number it calls out to, so you could make use of the device itself.
Regardless, though,it seems that - legitimately or not - the police have it in for this guy, and doing anything of the like is just going to piss them off and provoke an unpleasant response. How about taking them to court for police harassment? If they don't have a warrant then you've got a good case (and who knows, you might be able to keep the things after, especially if it's denied they own them). If they do... well at least you get to see what the grounds of the warrant were.
a man being investigated by the police found tracking devices in two of his cars, ripped them out,
The article was very sparse regarding what problem he had with the cars that led to the discovery. I will take a speculation stab at this. Cell phones are well known for causing RFI problems with poorly shielded electronics doing everything from causing keyboards on PC's to lock-up to putting a buzz into radio and stereo gear.
The location of the device was on the passenger side footwell. This would place it close to the engine computer in many cars. It may be an easy to install location for the police and the GPS antenna can be located under the dashboard giving a good location for GPS reception through the plastic dash and windscreen, but the cell transmitter in that location could and probably did cause problems with both the stereo and engine computer. As he stated, it was a botched installation that led to the discovery. A proper install would have located the cell transmitter in the trunk away from sensitive electronics to transmit out the rear window. The car ran poorly, but it was probably the teltale radio noise that geve it away. Removing it fixed both the radio and engine computer.
This interference issue is why most magnet mount tracking devices are mounted on the rear of the car away from the engine compartment. Inside the plastic rear bumper on a metal bracket is a favorite location. there is little chance of interference revealing it's presence, and good GPS and cell signals.
The truth shall set you free!
Just to make sure you/someone did not miss it:
:) ...checking wikipedia...
...and this time I shall remember to select 'Plain Old Text'.
My previous post was a jab at people (like the author of my previous post's parent post) who use the misnomer 'America' for U.S.A.
That being said. I must admit I was/am ignorant of what continent(s) NZ and Australia are part of. Well, I thought it was named 'Oceania' -- I blame the game Risk and/or other sloppy sources
New Zealand is part of the continent Zealandia. Australia is part... uhm most(?) of the continent Australia.
Thanx. I are now smarter!
urd
Heck with that..I would have pulled the sim's....and had my own gps tracking devices...I can put another sim in it and be tracking the cops with their own equipment..let it send ME text messages.."uhh dufus is outside your house again."
I would have just mailed them to that nice Nigerian fellow who needs help raising funds. I would love for the police to follow the trail to recover them.
The tracking devices were attached to collect evidence. The smart thing would have been to leave them attached and continue life in a nice, law abiding fashion. Instead, Mr. Dimwit rips the bloody things out of the cars and tries to sell 'em. Duh.
It's a new method of measuring things, the metre-picohecto (at least, that's what I interpret mph as being in SI units (http://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Units/units.html)). It's a way of recording inverted distances, useful when tracking things that aren't where you expect them to be.
Ask me about repetitive DNA
He should have put them in Steve Fossett's plane. I know a bit tacky. I could not resist temptation.
Um... to make money?
In the USA, if you've found such a device under your car and you remove it:
1) you've interfered with a police investigation. One felony charge for that.
2) you've destroyed or tampered with evidence. Add on another felony charge for that.
3) you've removed police wiretapping or surveillance equipment add a third felony charge for that.
Ooop, three strikes now. You're out.
They expect you to be where the tracker says you are, so keep them in the car. When it comes time to engage in some activity of questionable legality, take it out. Maybe have a friend carry it in the opposite direction. When you are done, put it back in your car.
This could turn out to be the best alibi you could have.
OTOH, if you aren't doing anything worthy of suspicion, you can really have some
fun with the cops.
Have gnu, will travel.
RTFA????? Having just RTFA, I have determined that you pulled the second part of your quotation out of your bloody ass. The actual quote is:
"When contacted by The Press, Shaw declined to comment other than to say: 'Police use a variety of legitimate investigation techniques when investigating serious crime. However, it is not the policy of the police to comment on those techniques or other operational matters.'
"Shaw would not say whether a warrant had been obtained for the devices. The Summary Proceedings Act, which covers tracking devices, says a warrant should be obtained for a tracking device but an officer can install one without a warrant if there is not time and the officer believes a judge would issue a warrant."
Busted!
You can't take the sky from me...
Hrmm, article said the company make GPS trackers... at a guess it takes feed from a GPS and squirts it off in SMS at a pre-set time interval, wonder how these sorts of packages deal with incoming calls, I mean, I signed up with a new phone provider about a month ago, first day the sim was active I got 3 spam calls :/
:)
Other option is, drop the sim into a phone, and use it to make calls, free phone access 4tw
...
We had something related here in Denmark a few years ago. Two police officers put a tracking device in the car of a person suspected on starting forrest fires, but without getting a permission from court.
This proved he was guilty, because in Denmark justice is above the individual, so all evidence can be admitted in court.
But, the two policemen also had to go to court, for doing the illegal monitoring. But this was a completely unrelated case.
In Denmark, selling the tracking would also be criminal, because they newer was the car owners.
Australia is a country, and so large its actually its own continent! New Zealand is mostly two islands, North and South, with a few others around us. Most people live in the North which is smaller than the South in land size.
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Checked NZ cell rates lately?
You two have been the only two really insightful posters. But in the end you two are not so smart after all because now you will receive special treatment.
at a guess it takes feed from a GPS and squirts it off in SMS at a pre-set time interval,
d mmyy,x.x,a*hh
Many lie dormant until the vehicle is started. Then they transmit only as the location changes. Some are programmed to remain silent until the car is shut off to hide the radio signal, then they transmit the trip log when the car is shut down. In that mode the cell phone module won't cause strange noise in the radio or cause glitches in the engine computer while driving.
If you call it, most likely you will only get a modem for data retreival and re-programming parameters, or a silent audio monitor mode. The data may go out sms or batch mode, but the phone sometimes can still be called to monitor audio in real time. It all depends on the programming and what mode is used. Magnetic bumper ones have limited battery life so they rarely transmit constantly and live audio while driving is useless. They typicaly monitor their position and send a burst indicating they are on the move and then transmit the trip when they stop. For real time tracking for a bust, they can be called for real time persuit. This is used in abduction cases where the stop locations indicate something other than a short local trip.
At the end of the day you have a full log of all the trips paths and the location of every stoplight, customer, and gas station visited. The trip data contains time stamps including position and speed. Look up NEMA data for the information contained in a GPS data string. Data strings are updated every second while the position changes.
NEMA is the National Electronics Manufacturers' Association, the group that defines (among other things) levels of waterproofness for conduit fittings and wiring boxes.
NMEA is the National Marine Electronics Association, who many years ago defined a set of signals and messages for marine instrumentation, including anemometers, automatic chartplotters, and satellite navigation receivers. NMEA 0183 is that standard.
http://www.nmea.org/pub/0183/
http://www.kh-gps.de/nmea-faq.htm
Part of the data may contain the RMC string. It contains;
$GPRMC,hhmmss.ss,A,llll.ll,a,yyyyy.yy,a,x.x,x.x,d
RMC = Recommended Minimum Specific GPS/TRANSIT Data
1 = UTC of position fix
2 = Data status (V=navigation receiver warning)
3 = Latitude of fix
4 = N or S
5 = Longitude of fix
6 = E or W
7 = Speed over ground in knots
8 = Track made good in degrees True
9 = UT date
10 = Magnetic variation degrees (Easterly var. subtracts from true course)
11 = E or W
12 = Checksum
The truth shall set you free!
... So some cop watching the console suddenly sees the trackers heading out to sea, until it disappears when the cell signal fades out. hahaha
Might even be a spit-take in the police station.
Sig for hire.
All rape is is non-consentual sex.
A mickey finn in the drink along with a viagra tablet is all it would take.
And, given that if you were threatened with accusations of rape unless you did the bongo dance, that would also be rape.
Or even better, put each of them into separate packages, mail one to China and one to America. Would love to see the police phone bill after that ^_^
The US dosn't tend to have that much GSM and what does exist might not be on the right frequency.
Yes, I'm well aware of that. But as the story deals with tracking devices, and not printers, I went with Tracker. Although I'd like to thank you for not getting the joke ;)
Bark less. Wag more.
A city bus is another good choice; some might switch routes from day-day, making an apparently random set of non-random patterns, as well as driving the cops bonkers if they try to tail the car based on the location data -- "we couldn't catch up, this bus kept getting in the way.."
I also like the idea of driving to the mall and putting them on someone else's car, as well as putting them on a neighbor's car, which might never get found since the car would keep returning "home".
Dang, they fixed it. For directions bewteen a US city and a European city, Google maps used to include a swim from Boston to Paris.
Edward Burr
Having a smoking section in a restaurant is like having a peeing section in a swimming pool.
and before anyone calls me on it, yes I know NZ is not "a European city". I don't know if similar swimming instructions would have existed for going to a NZ city. They obviously don't now, though.
Edward Burr
Having a smoking section in a restaurant is like having a peeing section in a swimming pool.
Here in northern Ohio, USA, a while ago the police were really pissed off because some mechanic pointed out to his customer the tracking devices under the car. The customer then smashed them to pieces with a hammer. The police attempted to charge him with destruction of goverment property of something like that. He should have attached it to a city bus or a train or a semi-truck to really give them something to investigate.
"My previous post was a jab at people (like the author of my previous post's parent post) who use the misnomer 'America' for U.S.A."
Seeing that "America" is part of "United States of America", how is it a misnomer?
Right, it isn't. Using "America" as an abbreviation of "United States of America" is perfectly acceptable, and in no way a misnomer, so why would you take jabs at people when you're wrong?
Or are you one of those idiots who is convinced there is a continent named "America" despite the fact that their isn't, and they are actually named "North America" and "South America". That would be awesome, because then you'd be wrong about something else too.
People are thinking too small when they say "put it on a bus!" or "Put it on a police car!"
If you really want to confuse someone, stash it somewhere in a commercial plane.
Do they have "interstates" in New Zealand?
A great song about finding and selling an FBI tracking device by Darryl Cherney can be found at http://www.darrylcherney.com/realamericanlisten.htm There is even a line just like from the article, "We can neither confirmed nor deny..."
I think I would stick it on a cops' wife's car. One of the stay at home mother types. Let him think about why supposedly I'm spending so much time at his house.
Star Pirates
I'm not so sure, it could actually be more dangerous than actually sleeping with his wife.
We used to have a Bill of Rights. Now, with the rights gone, all we have left is the bill.
Funny, when you look at the history books (wikipedia) it mentions how Americans ran across the border for a BETTER life during war recruiting! And how about when you get older and need healthcare? :)
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You may be familiar with Australia, as it is a small island located off of the coast of New Zealand.
--Chag
NZ would be a nice place to live, except that a few months ago they make it illegal to use any kind of physical punishment to discipline children. This means that if you spank your kids, you will be brought up on assault charges, and you can go to jail. That's about as fascist as you can get.
I refer you to the Definitions (part 6) of the Australian Constitution:
"The States" shall mean such of the colonies of New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia, and South Australia, including the northern territory of South Australia, as for the time being are parts of the Commonwealth, and such colonies or territories as may be admitted into or established by the Commonwealth as States; and each of such parts of the Commonwealth shall be called "a State."
not yet...