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First New Nuclear Reactor In a Decade On Track

dusty writes "Plans to bring online the first new US nuclear plant since 1995 are on track, on time, and on budget according to the Tennessee Valley Authority. TVA had one major accident with a coal ash spill of late, and one minor one. The agency has plans and workers in place to have Unit 2 at Watts Bar, near Knoxville, online by 2012. Currently over 1,800 workers are doing construction at the plant. Watts Bar #1 is the only new nuclear reactor added to the grid in the last 25 years. From the article: 'TVA estimates the Watts Bar Unit 2 reactor every year will avoid the emission of about 60 million metric tons of greenhouse emissions linked with global warming. ... TVA began construction of Watts Bar in 1973, but work was suspended in 1988 when TVA's growth in power sales declined. After mothballing the unit for 19 years, TVA's board decided in 2007 to finish the reactor because it is projected to provide cheaper, no carbon-emitting power compared with the existing coal plants or purchased power it may help replace.'"

575 comments

  1. Just Takes One by Bruha · · Score: 0, Troll

    I guess nobody in power to stop these things never takes into account that one nuclear accident could render a majority of the US inhabitable. Chernobyl could of been much worse if a weather system absorbed the nuclear material and spread it even more than it did. Imagine a winter storm hitting California and a plant explodes, it picks up the material, traverses the south and then moves up the eastern seaboard. 75% of the major population centers rendered uninhabitable.

    It would be nice if they would adopt something like a pebble bed reactor which supposedly can not go critical.

    1. Re:Just Takes One by johanatan · · Score: 1

      I think you meant to say:

      "... nobody in power to stop these things *ever* takes into account... render a majority of the US *un*inhabitable."

      "could of" should be "could have"

      "Imagine a winter storm hitting California and a plant *exploding*, picking up the material, traversing south and then moving up the eastern seaboard."

    2. Re:Just Takes One by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      It would be nice if they would adopt something like a pebble bed reactor which supposedly can not go critical.

      [pedant] Yikes, a reactor that couldn't go critical wouldn't be very useful now, would it? I believe you mean "super critical" [/pedant]

    3. Re:Just Takes One by DrMrLordX · · Score: 4, Insightful

      1). Inhabitable? Don't you mean uninhabitable?

      2). It doesn't "just take one". We've suffered more than one nuclear reactor failure in this country without experiencing mass-contamination events along the lines of Chernobyl. Three Mile Island wasn't the only one.

    4. Re:Just Takes One by Conditioner · · Score: 1, Informative

      Nuclear reactors are reaching critical mass everyday, they need to reach critical mass in order to function... critical mass - the smallest amount of fissile material needed for a sustained nuclear chain reaction.

    5. Re:Just Takes One by AJWM · · Score: 5, Insightful

      I hate to feed the troll, but:

      one nuclear accident could render a majority of the US inhabitable. Presumably you meant "uninhabitable", but you'd still be wrong.

      In the 1940s-1950s, the US detonated numerous nuclear weapons above ground in Nevada and New Mexico, releasing a hell of a lot more radioactive material than Chernobyl -- and Chernobyl-type disasters cannot happen with US power reactors (totally different reactor design). This hardly rendered even a significant fraction, let alone "a majority" of the US uninhabitable.

      --
      -- Alastair
    6. Re:Just Takes One by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

      A stranger was seated next to a little girl on the airplane when the
      stranger turned to her and said, 'Let's talk. I've heard that flights go
      quicker if you strike up a conversation with your fellow passenger.'

      The little girl, who had just opened her book, closed it slowly and said
      to the stranger, 'What would you like to talk about?'
      'Oh, I don't know,' said the stranger. 'How about nuclear power?' and he
      smiles.
      'OK, ' she said. 'That could be an interesting topic.

      But let me ask you a question first. A horse, a cow, and a deer all eat
      the same stuff - grass. Yet a deer excretes little pellets, while a cow turns out a flat patty,
      and a horse produces clumps of dried grass. Why do you suppose that is?'
      The stranger, visibly surprised by the little girl's intelligence, thinks
      about it and says, 'Hmmm, I have no idea.'
      To which the little girl replies, 'Do you really feel qualified to
      discuss nuclear power when you don't know shit?

    7. Re:Just Takes One by LWATCDR · · Score: 5, Informative

      1. Reactors don't explode.
      2. A Chernobyl style accident is impossible with a light water reactor.
      3. Even with a Chernobyl style reactor and even if they had the exact same accident the problem would have been manageable if they had a freaking containment building.
      4. Reactors all go critical. What you don't want is for them to go super critical.
      5. No modern reactor can go super critical the fuel they use isn't enriched enough to go super critical and they all need a moderator like water to work.

      --
      See my blog http://ilovecookes.blogspot.com/ for light hearted technical information.
    8. Re:Just Takes One by clarkkent09 · · Score: 5, Interesting

      I guess nobody in power to stop these things never takes into account that one nuclear accident could render a majority of the US inhabitable.

      I think the keyword here is could. I can imagine many disasters that could cause enormous damage too, but the question is how likely they are to happen. What is more likely, a meteor strike, or an accident in a nuclear power station of such a magnitude as to render US uninhabitable? I don't know, but lets say they are comparable. If so, we should be willing to spend as much money on protection against meteors as we are on not using nuclear power, including, arguably, the cost of our military operations in the middle east, the increased danger of terrorism (potentially nuclear too) etc. Either way it's a cost/benefit analysis and you have to look at both sides of the equation.

      --
      Negative moral value of force outweighs the positive value of good intentions.
    9. Re:Just Takes One by AJWM · · Score: 1

      LOL. I'd mod that up if I hadn't already commented in this topic.

      --
      -- Alastair
    10. Re:Just Takes One by SUB7IME · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Plus, since the feds own the vast majority of Nevada (>85%), it was already illegal to inhabit those areas, anyways. I'm not bitter; I'm just Nevadan.

    11. Re:Just Takes One by Avin22 · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Correct me if I'm wrong, but doesn't the US have naval submarines that are powered by nuclear reactors. And aren't those subs often docked near populated ports, San Diego for example. Thus, we have already accepted the risk of having nuclear power in populated areas, so it seems odd to be afraid of adding a few civilian nuclear reactors that are not in highly populated areas.

    12. Re:Just Takes One by kannibal_klown · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Correct me if I'm wrong, but doesn't the US have naval submarines that are powered by nuclear reactors. And aren't those subs often docked near populated ports, San Diego for example. Thus, we have already accepted the risk of having nuclear power in populated areas, so it seems odd to be afraid of adding a few civilian nuclear reactors that are not in highly populated areas.

      Agreed. It's mostly irrational fear.

      I could see where one would trust a reactor that was built FOR the military and operated BY highly trained military personnel. Too many civilian projects and products get hit by lowest-bidder disasters.

    13. Re:Just Takes One by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      AC FTW!

    14. Re:Just Takes One by ocularDeathRay · · Score: 1

      how dare you have a different opinion? look, I totally agree we need to be careful. I totally disagree about the level of danger involved in a properly designed and maintained nuke plant. Even though I disagree, I fail to see what makes this flamebait. fucking /.ers once again afraid of a different opinion.

      I will save you all the trouble of replying to this, and do it myself.

      --
      Obama is a twitter sock puppet
    15. Re:Just Takes One by ocularDeathRay · · Score: 1

      You must be new here!

      --
      Obama is a twitter sock puppet
    16. Re:Just Takes One by sketerpot · · Score: 1

      The keyword is "could", and even that is false. How exactly is an accident at a light water reactor going to render most of the US uninhabitable? Short of divine intervention by a malicious god, I mean?

    17. Re:Just Takes One by ocularDeathRay · · Score: 1

      nuh UHH! Check my UID loser... I am in the sixdigit club!

      --
      Obama is a twitter sock puppet
    18. Re:Just Takes One by CannonballHead · · Score: 4, Insightful

      I recently read about Chernobyl on wikipedia. That entire episode was apparently ... well, incredibly stupid and mismanaged. It was more of a "Titanic" incident than anything else I can think of in history. (The "nothing will go wrong" mentality that leads to some really, really stupid actions)

    19. Re:Just Takes One by Andy+Dodd · · Score: 5, Informative

      1) Mostly true. They can have a steam explosion, which is basically the first thing that happened at Chernobyl. That said, they can't result in a nuclear explosion.

      2) Exactly. To be specific, the Chernobyl (RBMK-1000) reactor design used a graphite moderator in order to make it more suitable for production of weapons materials. Graphite moderators are bad for a variety of reasons, both in regards to reactor stability, and the fact that it's extremely flammable (which is where most of the atmospheric contamination from Chernobyl came from - burning graphite.) No US civilian power reactor serves such a dual purpose.

      3-5) Don't really need to say more

      Additonally:
      A typical coal plant releases more radioactive material into the air in a day due to traces of uranium in the coal than TMI released in its lifetime

      Also, in addition to the fundamental deficiencies of the the RBMK-1000 design, they were running an experiment with the reactor that could only be described as "fucking dangerous". Well not only, "fucking stupid" works too. By the time the incident occurred, the reactor operators had overridden most of the reactor's safety features - the reactor SHOULD have SCRAMed long before the incident occurred but the operators kept it going to run an experiment because they feared retribution from their superiors. (The experiment failed the first time, and rather than continue shutdown they tried to restart the reactor to try again.)

      The biggest problem currently is waste. Sadly, there are reactor designs that are both far more efficient in fuel use (hence produce far less waste per kWh) AND also produce far shorter-lived waste (plus can use traditional LWR waste as fuel), but were killed because politicians translated "breeder" into "proliferation risk" even though traditional LWRs were more of a proliferation risk than the IFR was. Also, a past president (Carter?) banned all nuclear fuels reprocessing in the U.S. with an executive order. Back then, reprocessing = PUREX and banning PUREX was understandable (it WAS a major proliferation risk), but now there are many other reprocessing technologies that are not proliferation risks but are still banned under the wording of the executive order.

      --
      retrorocket.o not found, launch anyway?
    20. Re:Just Takes One by Waffle+Iron · · Score: 2, Informative

      In the 1940s-1950s, the US detonated numerous nuclear weapons above ground in Nevada and New Mexico, releasing a hell of a lot more radioactive material than Chernobyl

      Nope. The 100 or so bombs detonated above ground on the US mainland were relatively small, releasing a few kg of material each. Chernobyl released tons of material. To match that, you'd have to go to the US thermonuclear tests in the Pacific ocean, some of which released about of ton of fission products each. (Some of those test site islands are actually still uninhabitable.)

    21. Re:Just Takes One by Ihmhi · · Score: 4, Funny

      Science-to-car analogy translation:

      All car engines use small explosions to provide power. What you don't want to happen is a really big explosion.

    22. Re:Just Takes One by Ancient_Hacker · · Score: 2, Informative

      All wrong:

      1. Reactors don't explode. :
                        See SL-1, Chernobyl, and the one the AEC blew in Idaho just for fun.

      2. A Chernobyl style accident is impossible with a light water reactor.
                  True, but there are still about 843 other failure modes that don't involve the many bad
      design features of RBMK-style reactors.

      3. Even with a Chernobyl style reactor and even if they had the exact same accident the problem would have been manageable if they had a freaking containment building.
            Not feasible if you're a poor country that needs a RBMK style reactor that can be refueled while running.

      4. Reactors all go critical. What you don't want is for them to go super critical.
                Duh. And I think you're confusing super-critical to with prompt-critical. Very different beasts.

      5. No modern reactor can go super critical the fuel they use isn't enriched enough to go super critical and they all need a moderator like water to work.
              Nope. Enrichment has nothing to do with it. AT least three reactors have gone boom with low enrichment uranium.

    23. Re:Just Takes One by david.given · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Don't forget:

      6. Coal power stations, worldwide, release approximately the same amount of radioactive material into the atmosphere every year than Chernobyl did, ever.

      Which means we that if we could replace those coal power stations with nuclear ones then we could have a Chernobyl-style event every couple of years and still come out ahead.

    24. Re:Just Takes One by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      blah blah blah blah 75% of the major population centers rendered uninhabitable.

      As opposed to 90% of them being currently uninhabitable due to smog and overcrowding? Hey, that's an improvement! Let's get started already!

    25. Re:Just Takes One by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      correction to your #4 good sir, you do want your reactor to go super critical when an increase in power generation is desired.
      the terminology is as thus:
      "critical" - everything is steady or steady power generation (scientific definition: for x neutrons consumed in fission, there are x neutrons produced)
      "subcritical" - decreasing activity or lowering power generation (scientific definition: for x neutrons consumed in fission, there a x neutrons produced)

      disclaimer: i work in the nuclear industry

    26. Re:Just Takes One by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I don't think supercritical means what you think WRT reactors.

      http://www.euronuclear.org/info/encyclopedia/s/supercritical-reactor.htm
      http://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/basic-ref/glossary/supercritical-reactor.html

      Question: How do you start a reactor without going supercritical?

    27. Re:Just Takes One by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Too many civilian projects and products get hit by lowest-bidder disasters.

      I take it you haven't had to deal with many military low-bid projects then?

    28. Re:Just Takes One by Translation+Error · · Score: 1

      I expect it was modded troll/flamebait because it was the equivalent of raving that one sneeze could wipe out an entire state with swine flu. Saying reactors can be dangerous isn't flamebait; grossly exaggerating the dangers of them is.

      --
      When someone says, "Any fool can see ..." they're usually exactly right.
    29. Re:Just Takes One by VulpesFoxnik · · Score: 1

      "A typical coal plant releases more radioactive material into the air in a day due to traces of uranium in the coal than TMI released in its lifetime"

      Not to be an ass, but citation needed and very much desired.

      --
      RES PUBLICA NON DOMINETUR
    30. Re:Just Takes One by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Just a nit on your terminology.

      Critical := The neutron population is stable therefore the reactor power is stable.
      Subcritical := The neutron population is decreasing therefore the reactor power is decreasing.
      Supercritical := The neutron population is increasing therefore the the reactor power is increasing.
      Prompt Critical := The neutron population is increasing at a rate faster than control systems are able to decrease the neutron population by inserting control rods. This is a runaway reaction generally resulting in over heating the core causing a release of fission materials to the coolant or the environment.

      Prompt critical is the bad one.

    31. Re:Just Takes One by cheesybagel · · Score: 1
      1) Dude, a steam explosion can happen in anything using a steam turbine to convert heat into power. Like a coal or gas power plant.

      RMBK had no containment building and was like that because it was based on the designs for the military nuclear reactors where you wanted easy access to fuel for reprocessing into plutonium. But yeah the design is shit for civilian power usage.

    32. Re:Just Takes One by cc_pirate · · Score: 0

      Read the 3 Mile Island wikipedia article... Can you say molten fuel rods?

      We got a lot luckier than Chernobyl, but it could still happen here.

      --

      "There are laws that enslave men, and laws that set them free. " - Sean Connery as King Arthur

    33. Re:Just Takes One by drgould · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Also, a past president (Carter?) banned all nuclear fuels reprocessing in the U.S. with an executive order. Back then, reprocessing = PUREX and banning PUREX was understandable (it WAS a major proliferation risk), but now there are many other reprocessing technologies that are not proliferation risks but are still banned under the wording of the executive order.

      Quibble. President Reagan lifted the ban in 1981.

      President Reagan lifted the ban in 1981, but did not provide the substantial subsidy that would have been necessary to start up commercial reprocessing.

    34. Re:Just Takes One by BenihanaX · · Score: 1

      For the 17 of you commenting about his misuse of the word supercritical: I believe he meant supercritical mass. Which is to say, pebble bed reactors cannot form the geometry necessary for sustained uncontrollable supercriticality. I could be entirely wrong of course, but I'm certain the GP was referring to core geometry not neutron cycle.

    35. Re:Just Takes One by Nethead · · Score: 1

      re #2: Doesn't the "Whoops Two" reactor use graphite moderators? Unlike the RBMK-1000 they don't push them up but rather let them fall into the pile. I also remember something about a heat fuse link (like of fire systems) that will drop the rods into the pile in case of meltdown conditions.

      Of course, it was 32 years ago that I got a tour of WNP-2.

      --
      -- I have a private email server in my basement.
    36. Re:Just Takes One by cc_pirate · · Score: 0, Troll

      He's full of shit. TMI released at LEAST 13 Million curies into the air and probably 5 times that amount was really released.

      Wikipedia FTW

      --

      "There are laws that enslave men, and laws that set them free. " - Sean Connery as King Arthur

    37. Re:Just Takes One by Mashiki · · Score: 1

      There's a difference between having an educated opinion, and having an opinion that's egregious filled with misinformation based on events that will never happen. And event's that can never happen based on the way reactors are designed.

      That's called being ignorant.

      --
      Om, nomnomnom...
    38. Re:Just Takes One by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      or go to Hanford, WA ?

    39. Re:Just Takes One by ocularDeathRay · · Score: 1

      look, a lot of things in the post were not true, but its not because he made it up. this is really the stuff that people think. There are many people out there that haven't done as much research on nuke tech as I have... that doesn't make them flamebait.

      --
      Obama is a twitter sock puppet
    40. Re:Just Takes One by ocularDeathRay · · Score: 1

      I am not sure that it was an intentional exaggeration, somewhat misinformed, but being wrong doesn't make you flamebait does it?

      --
      Obama is a twitter sock puppet
    41. Re:Just Takes One by LWATCDR · · Score: 2, Informative

      1. Not really an explosion. It was more of steam rupture. No combustion or nuclear explosion was responsible. Just think of it as venting in a hurry. But that can happen with your home hot water heater.
      2. But none of those will cause a Chernobyl style disaster.
      3. The US isn't a poor country that needs to refuel the reactor while it is running.

      --
      See my blog http://ilovecookes.blogspot.com/ for light hearted technical information.
    42. Re:Just Takes One by gandhi_2 · · Score: 2, Funny

      No kidding. I mean, we already have constant hydrogen fusion in the sun, making large swaths of the earth inhabitable. And we all know how THAT turned out.

    43. Re:Just Takes One by DaleSwanson · · Score: 5, Informative
      http://www.ornl.gov/info/ornlreview/rev26-34/text/colmain.html I won't say if the specific example is true but:

      Using these data, the releases of radioactive materials per typical plant can be calculated for any year. For the year 1982, assuming coal contains uranium and thorium concentrations of 1.3 ppm and 3.2 ppm, respectively, each typical plant released 5.2 tons of uranium (containing 74 pounds of uranium-235) and 12.8 tons of thorium that year. Total U.S. releases in 1982 (from 154 typical plants) amounted to 801 tons of uranium (containing 11,371 pounds of uranium-235) and 1971 tons of thorium. These figures account for only 74% of releases from combustion of coal from all sources. Releases in 1982 from worldwide combustion of 2800 million tons of coal totaled 3640 tons of uranium (containing 51,700 pounds of uranium-235) and 8960 tons of thorium.

    44. Re:Just Takes One by HiggsBison · · Score: 1

      I believe you mean "super critical" [/pedant]

      Could be worse. I'd hate to be around when a reactor went hypercritical. :-)

      --
      My other car is a 1984 Nark Avenger.
    45. Re:Just Takes One by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      but the operators kept it going to run an experiment because they feared retribution from their superiors.

      How is this known? It's not like they survived to tell the tale.

    46. Re:Just Takes One by ionix5891 · · Score: 1

      attack of the "Anonymous Cowardon"

    47. Re:Just Takes One by Joce640k · · Score: 4, Informative

      Ummm .... just how many deaths and how much radioactivity was released by 3MI? Approx: None.

       

      The ONLY lesson to be learned from Chernobyl is that a tin roof over a bad rector design isn't a good combination. Modern reactors have both failsafe designs AND better containment, so no, it can't happen here. Reactors like (eg.) the Pebble Bed reactor have no unstable state. Even if some lunatic director goes berserk in the reactor control room he can't cause a meltdown.

      --
      No sig today...
    48. Re:Just Takes One by Joce640k · · Score: 1

      Yes, let's not forget that a major design goal of the 1950's reactors was bomb production, ie.. they wanted filthy byproducts from the reactions, and lots of them. It was an arms race and the product of that race was reactors like Chernobyl.

      --
      No sig today...
    49. Re:Just Takes One by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      5. No modern reactor can go super critical

      All modern reactors go super critical. What you don't want is for them to go prompt critical.

      Basically, when a neutron hits fissile material, a fission happens. When a fission happens you get a bunch more neutrons right away, and a few more a little later on.

      In normal supercritical operation you get a net loss on the "prompt" or right away neutrons, resulting in a slight gain when you add in the neutrons that show up later. Should the prompt neutrons themselves result in a net gain, you will reach prompt criticality (maybe to be more clear and consistent, the term prompt super criticality would help?). That level of neutron production is impossible with most modern reactor designs.

    50. Re:Just Takes One by Joce640k · · Score: 1

      Let's not forget that the USA used to treat atomic bombs like firework shows. People would go down to Vegas for the weekend and drive out to watch the mushroom clouds rising.

       

      Where's the comic-book-like nuclear wasteland in the USA? Surely there must be one...

      --
      No sig today...
    51. Re:Just Takes One by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I wouldn't trust a civilian plant anywhere near as much as I trust Navy folks. The Navy standard of laxity and laziness is much higher than the civilian standard of "hard work."

    52. Re:Just Takes One by joocemann · · Score: 1

      That answer isn't insightful, its a blind shot in the dark cop-out for a real answer.

      mark it troll if you like, but I'm probably right (pending an onslaught of evidence that FROM the author that is actually spot on and not googled after I post, lol)

    53. Re:Just Takes One by bjourne · · Score: 1

      Why not let the free market sort out the risk factor? Require each reactor to be insured in case of a catastrophic failure or a major accident. It wouldn't be to hard for an insurance company to quantify the risk. Let's say the worst that can happen is fallout that makes a whole city of 100,000 uninhabitable. What is the cost of rebuilding the city and providing shelter for the refugees? What is the geopolitical cost of al-qaeida getting hold of some nuclear waste which enables them to build a dirty bomb?

      While the above scenarios are extremely unlikely to happen, the payout to the insurance taker would be enormous so the insurance premiums has to be huge too. I believe that is the reason why almost no nuclear power plants are being built. When factoring in the insurance costs it just is not profitable anymore.

    54. Re:Just Takes One by Rufty · · Score: 1

      Quite a few did.

      --
      Red to red, black to black. Switch it on, but stand well back.
    55. Re:Just Takes One by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I have a very nice little book about the internal combustion engine, called "Explosion Motors". Saw it at a used book store and just had to have it.

    56. Re:Just Takes One by SUB7IME · · Score: 1

      It was sufficiently wrong and hyperbolic that many reasonable people were convinced that it was flamebait.

      At any rate, I agree with you that differences of opinion should not cause one to be modded down.

    57. Re:Just Takes One by shutdown+-p+now · · Score: 1

      You've got to be kidding. How do you quantify costs for lost lives as immediate consequence of a meltdown?

    58. Re:Just Takes One by FooAtWFU · · Score: 1

      Criticality is a function of free neutrons: if there's not enough to sustain a reaction, it's subcritical; if it's break-even, it's critical, and if there are enough to grow the reaction it's supercritical. Contrary to the movies, a reactor that's critical is not a failure state (it's normal operation). Even "supercritical" isn't necessarily trouble (though if you stay supercritical for too long it will eventually be).

      The real problems happens when you're "prompt critical". There are two kinds of neutrons that are interesting in a reaction: the ones that immediately cause new fission (prompt neutrons), and the ones that need to wait around a while (because of $PHYSICS, they're too energetic, and actually need to slow down) before they can start a reaction ("delayed neutrons" or such IIRC). "Prompt critical" means that there are enough prompt neutrons to cause the reaction to speed up. That's generally serious trouble, and is liable to melt your equipment before too long.

      --
      The World Wide Web is dying. Soon, we shall have only the Internet.
    59. Re:Just Takes One by Joce640k · · Score: 1

      a) Insurance companies do life insurance every single day, b) There is no "meltdown" with modern reactors.

      --
      No sig today...
    60. Re:Just Takes One by mkramer · · Score: 1

      Well, technically... Easily. You can claim the lives themselves are invaluable, but the judgement against the offending company would most definitely have a very specific dollar figure.

      The insurance is for that. Not to replace the people themselves.

    61. Re:Just Takes One by Colourspace · · Score: 3, Insightful

      If you have so little faith in the future of technology, and the improvements it brings daily, then I have little faith about your future on slashdot.

    62. Re:Just Takes One by shutdown+-p+now · · Score: 1

      Insurance companies do life insurance every single day

      You're comparing apples and oranges. Insuring one's own life isn't a problem. But GP's proposal was effectively sticking a price tag on the lives of other people, without their consent. He's effectively saying, "I'm going to do something risky that's going to get you killed, but don't worry: if that happens, I'll pay a lot of money to your relatives!".

      There is no "meltdown" with modern reactors.

      I know. The context of the thread was more general than that: what if "something happens".

      (In truth, this really isn't a big deal with nuclear reactors, compared to other viable options, so this discussion is mostly theoretical anyway).

    63. Re:Just Takes One by sam_handelman · · Score: 1

      Snytax and tpyos aside, the parent remains correct: most car accidents are not fatal, but it remains true that it only takes one bad car accident to kill you.

        A legitimate *ecological* argument can be made in favor of nuclear power.

        Waste disposal and even disasters are really safety/medical concerns and not ecological concerns. The ecosphere tolerates Trenobyl-style disasters much better than it can tolerate changes in climate, although of course neither is actually much of a risk to life on earth as a whole. *People*, on the other hand, individually die from cancer, but can accomodiate to climatic shifts, especially gradual ones, far better than can frogs.

        For myself, there are two ways you could balance these concerns, one of them is moral and the other is economic.

        Economic: for the forseeable future, I think it is clear that the cost to securely dispose of nuclear waste is going to exceed the cost to burn (burn and remediate? Not sure) an equivalent amount of carbon. The only reason that this plant is a good deal for the TVA is because the feds intervene to externalize a lot of the real costs, while the purchased electricity that is being replaced is being purchased from some non-market enron-esque scam. I don't think nuclear power makes sense economically.

        Moral: The moral course of action is to scale back our consumption and economic output as needed to avoid the negative consequences of either fossil fuels *or* nuclear power. Let's put that aside for the moment.
        If the real moral course of action is not achievable, the question becomes - is it more moral to accomodate to circumstances by burning fossil fuel (which almost certainly has negative ecoligical impacts, which causes diffuse harm,) or to use nuclear power (which, in the real world, has a high probability of a waste disposal accident of some kind, and raises our vulnerability to terrorism/violence?)
        Nuclear power does have a certain moral advantage here - because we in the US will ourselves suffer whatever consequences may arise, rather than foisting most of the consequences off on Bangladesh.

        So, we have to evaluate:
      (the marginal risk of disaster * loss of life in a disaster) / nuclear kWhr
      vs.
      (marginal increase in environmental damage * loss of life to environmental damage) / fossil fuel kWhr

        This is the sort of thing that *ought* to be carefully studied by environmental scientists, public health and security experts, free from conflicts of interest. I would guess that the marginal damage of burning more fossil fuel is small concerning how much we now burn, and that the marginal risk of a disaster is relatively high given the current status of our nuclear waste disposal network, so fossil fuel is the better choice.

      --
      The good and new comes from no quarter where it is looked for, and is always something different from what is expected.
    64. Re:Just Takes One by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Don't forget that in 1986 USSR was a country completely consumed by bureaucratic ideology and its economy was on the ropes. Bad economy and unqualified personnel greedy for bonuses allowed them to proceed with risky experiment. Chernobyl was a victim of the system and mad scientists egos, not design.
       

    65. Re:Just Takes One by The_Wilschon · · Score: 2, Informative

      Almost. The delayed neutrons are actually the ones emitted by the fission products as they decay to more stable isotopes (by neutron emission, obviously). What you are thinking of is fast neutrons. Most neutrons emitted by fission reactions (whether prompt or delayed) are fast. Depending on your fuel and reactor design, you may be able to use fast neutrons to cause fission (hence fast breeder reactor), or you may need to slow them down (turn them into thermal neutrons) using a moderator first. Other than that nitpick, you're spot on.

      --
      SIGSEGV caught, terminating

      wait... not that kind of sig.
    66. Re:Just Takes One by dgatwood · · Score: 1

      Multiple personalities, both of them newbies.

      --

      Check out my sci-fi/humor trilogy at PatriotsBooks.

    67. Re:Just Takes One by lord+sibn · · Score: 1

      It has been said by others in this thread, but my oldest brother (of 8 siblings I have), is a nuclear technician, served on the Enterprise. Nuclear reactors are ALWAYS in critical condition. Without criticality, you have no reactor. "Going critical" is a Hollywood term, and smacks of ignorance that LWATCDR highlights. Critical is normal operation, super critical is a bad thing, ranging from meltdown to a mushroom cloud from an atomic bomb.

    68. Re:Just Takes One by Xtifr · · Score: 3, Informative

      Wikipedia also says: "A 1,000 MW coal-burning power plant could release as much as 5.2 tons/year of uranium (containing 74 pounds (34 kg) of uranium-235) and 12.8 tons/year of thorium." One big difference here is that an event like the Three Mile Island accident is usually a one-time event, while the coal-burning plant goes on releasing its radioactive material year after year after year....

      I'm not going to take sides because I don't know how many curies you get from the release of 5.2 tons of uranium and 12.8 tons of thorium, or what the typical lifespan of a coal plant is (the multiplication factor here), but I definitely don't think it's quite as simple a matter as your brief post suggested. Can you show your work in a little more detail?

    69. Re:Just Takes One by lgw · · Score: 1

      3 Mile Island went as wrong as an American nuclear reactor can possibly go wrong. They basically took the wrong action in response to every choice. And still, no one died. It's just good engineering practice to allow for worst-case humans.

      --
      Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
    70. Re:Just Takes One by lgw · · Score: 1

      Uranium is basically harmless, radiation-wise (any radioactive material that has been around since the Earth formed is not meaningfully radioactive). It's a nasty industrial waste product the same way lead is.

      Reactor fuel is dangerous because once fission is initiated, you get decay product that are nasty, for a short time. This is not a concern for coal plant waste, nor is it a concern for a steam explosion from a nuclear reactor. The only sort of reactor explosion worth worrying about is an explosion that makes airborn the materials the reactor is build from. A containment dome solves this problem - it's just the height of bad engineering not to protect against this, and reactors are only built with this risk in totalitarian states with reckless disregard for life.

      --
      Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
    71. Re:Just Takes One by c6gunner · · Score: 3, Funny

      You're being unfair to the Titanic. In order for it to be a fair comparison, you'd have to have the crew of the Titanic cut hols in all of the interior bulkheads, cut apart all the lifeboats and life-preservers, and then steer the ship at full speed directly into the biggest iceberg they could find. Only then would the Titanic incident be somewhat comparable to the sheer negligence of the Chernobyl technicians.

    72. Re:Just Takes One by lgw · · Score: 1

      Insuring one's own life isn't a problem. But GP's proposal was effectively sticking a price tag on the lives of other people, without their consent. He's effectively saying, "I'm going to do something risky that's going to get you killed, but don't worry: if that happens, I'll pay a lot of money to your relatives!".

      Thousands of companies work this way every day. You're constantly surrounded by industries that could kill many people if things went enough wrong. Some are highly regulated by law, some aren't (though they're regulated internally) except in the general way that it's illegal to recklessly endanger people. (I don't think the free market in isolation works well for these cases, but mostly because insurance companies do a mediocre job of proper risk analysis of rare events. Incentive to do the research just translates into "better that the competition", not "well".) But sticking a price tag on human life is an everyday necessity for all safety system design, and insurance companies are often a good mediator there, especially with well-understood risks.

      You know what's really dangerous? Driving. People worry about all sorts of highly unlikely disasters that would make for exciting movies, but simply aren't real risks. There's little that's less credible than someone who protests "dangerous industry" but doesn't wear his seatbelt (I know someone like that).

      --
      Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
    73. Re:Just Takes One by budgenator · · Score: 1

      If Chernobyl was a car, the brakes wouldn't work unless the accelerator was pressed to the floor and the on-board fire extinguisher would use propane as the propellant.

      --
      Apocalypse Cancelled, Sorry, No Ticket Refunds
    74. Re:Just Takes One by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I guess nobody in power to stop these things never takes into account that one nuclear accident could render a majority of the US inhabitable.

      I think the keyword here is could.

      I like your effort to pander to those who have an irrationnal fear of the nuclear, but you are falling in the trap at the same time that you try to convince them.

      The keyword here is not could, because no modern reactor could have such an accident. Hell, even the flawed design of Chernobyl had to be pushed very well past the limits of reckless, idiotic incompetence (shutting down safety measures, ignoring warnings and specifications, and triggering manual overrides for the safety features that couldn't actually be turned off) in order to make it fail.

      Worst thing that could happen nowadays is a terrorist attack on a plant. Assuming the plan does not fail, they could breach the core. In that case, we might have to cordon off a few square miles , depending on whether there is a radiation leak or not. But since our reactors don't contain graphite moderators (which was the main source of Chernobyl radiation; graphite was radioactively activated by the surrounding radiation, then burned, releasing lots of atmospheric radiation), there is not much to fear.

    75. Re:Just Takes One by c6gunner · · Score: 1

      Well he didn't mention light water reactors. He just said "one nuclear accident". So, you know, if the Sun goes Nova, that would be a nuclear accident that would make the US uninhabitable ...

    76. Re:Just Takes One by c6gunner · · Score: 1

      But GP's proposal was effectively sticking a price tag on the lives of other people, without their consent. He's effectively saying, "I'm going to do something risky that's going to get you killed, but don't worry: if that happens, I'll pay a lot of money to your relatives!".

      What do you think car insurance is for?

      That's why my insurance company forces me to pay higher premiums if I plan to do much driving in the US - because your courts tend to award more compensation to the relatives of the deceased, so the company is taking a higher risk by ensuring me. If you think they couldn't work out a formula to assess the risk associated with nuke plants, you're just being naive.

    77. Re:Just Takes One by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I studied TMI in my extreme detail but it was about 20 years ago so my memory might be a little off. TMI had nothing to do with luck. It was an extremely unlucky chain of events. Faulty equipment, stuff down for maintenance and a misunderstanding of what the indications were showing (hint, you really need to understand saturation and pressure/temperature relationships with a pressurized water reactor) If I remember correctly, the next watchstander came in for his shift and immediately understood what was going on but it was too late to correct it as there was already a steam bubble in the core that the charging system could not collapse. Even with all of that... The engineering that went into the design saved the day, not luck.

    78. Re:Just Takes One by shutdown+-p+now · · Score: 1

      I just think that we should build nuke plants because they are safe; not because they're unsafe, but we can cover that up by throwing money at it. If it's really unsafe (so far I don't see how it would be, but let's just assume), then we just shouldn't do it. Of course, "safety" is not a yes/no parameter, so there's some acceptable level of safety. I just don't see it as reasonable to have free market determine that acceptable safety risk level purely from insurance cost (which, if you read to the beginning of the thread, is effectively what was proposed).

      By the way, for a guy who has "I'm NOT an American" in your sig, you sure do assume too much about other people's nationality. Hint: I'm not an American, either.

    79. Re:Just Takes One by 4181 · · Score: 1

      4. Reactors all go critical. What you don't want is for them to go super critical.
      5. No modern reactor can go super critical the fuel they use isn't enriched enough to go super critical and they all need a moderator like water to work.

      We should reclaim the word "supercritical" at the same time we are fighting for "critical". A reactor is supercritical while its power (and its neutron flux) is increasing (as during start up). Prompt criticality is what you want to avoid.

    80. Re:Just Takes One by dbIII · · Score: 1

      A typical coal plant releases more radioactive material into the air in a day due to traces of uranium in the coal than TMI released in its lifetime

      You would do well to remember that this little urban myth is from an Oak Ridge laboratory NEWSLETTER ARTICLE written by a guy that later went on the write two books of "Southern Humour". It doesn't come from anyone with any knowlege of coal whatsoever and was part of the silly "coal is bad why can't we be bad too" stuff of the 1970s. Towards the end of the article it talks about the threat of terrorists getting enough nuclear material from coal ash heaps to build THE BOMB! In other words, alarmist bullshit with no evidence or peer review. If there was really all that stuff somebody using absorbion spectroscopy on flue gasses would have seen it some time after 1920 or so - not exactly a difficult thing to do.
      Now there are plenty of good reasons to not use coal (paticularly in the USA where there is a lot of sulphur in it) and people die almost daily mining the stuff let alone the more difficult to identify deaths by silicosis etc, BUT THERE IS NO REASON TO MAKE UP BULLSHIT ABOUT IT JUST TO MAKE NUCLEAR LOOK GOOD. It's bad enough as it is and Nuclear has to stand on it's own merits. Using stupid divide by zero errors is a cool marketing trick but really has no place in a rational discussion - my lunch theoretically has more radioactive material in it that should be released by a well designed and operated plant so long as you never consider the manufacture of the fuel or the removal of the waste.

    81. Re:Just Takes One by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      It can't. No more than these woe as me hippies can contribute anything meaningful to any discussion with their constant pissing and moaning about nukes.

      I really wish they'd just choke on their own ignorance. Better yet, go up to Alaska and commune with the grizzlies just like the last moron did.

    82. Re:Just Takes One by Mashiki · · Score: 1

      That's ignorance. Perpetuating ignorance is the problem, if you're unwilling to learn, then you continuing to contribute to the cycle of ignorance. Spreading misinformation as factual, and misinforming others. That in itself on something like this dangerous, but in other cases it can be.

      So yes, it is flamebait, and was modded correctly.

      --
      Om, nomnomnom...
    83. Re:Just Takes One by dbIII · · Score: 1

      There were three major differences between TMI and Chernobyl. TMI had what was at the time uniquely thick containment vessels to protect against the threat of being hit by an aircraft from a nearby airport. Second, events played out by incredible luck more than any sort of management (the monitoring systems were utter crap in comparison to industrial plants and it took days to work out what was going on - this led directly to the far more effective monitoring systems in place in nuclear plants today). Third, people were not going out of their way to push the envelope with the system on the day of the failure.
      TMI was the sort of nuclear accident you want to have to wake people up without anyone actually dying. Unfortunately few actually woke up and we just get crap like the above poster dismissing it as a non-event. Pebble bed is a reaction by people that actually did wake up and have actually been putting work into civilian nuclear power research since the 1970s - something that Westinghouse et al have not done. They just order a coat of green paint to go onto their Chernobyl era dinosaur designs instead.

    84. Re:Just Takes One by hairyfeet · · Score: 2, Informative

      Our reactors are NOTHING like Chernobyl and it is that NIMBY crap that keeps us using coal instead of something better for the environment like Nuclear!

      With Chernobyl you are talking about an ancient Soviet era nuclear reactor that had been scheduled to be shut down years before it went off, but they were simply too poor to afford to take it off line. IIRC they are actually still running the second reactor at Chernobyl as we speak!

      With reactors in the USA, we constantly inspect them, we have full size trainers designed to simulate just about any possible problem that could arise to train the crews that man them (one of the problems with Chernobyl is a poorly trained crew IIRC) and ours are well maintained and serviced. The simple fact is we NEED nuclear power if we are gonna get off coal, which spits poisonous smog and greenhouse gasses into the atmosphere. And the technology for powering a country the size of the USA with solar or wind simply isn't there yet.

      So I welcome the new reactor in Tenn and welcome the folks of Tenn into the "cheap power" club. As someone who lives in AR and enjoys cheap clean power thanks to Ar 1 & 2 I say welcome to the club and don't let the NIMBYs stop you.

      --
      ACs don't waste your time replying, your posts are never seen by me.
    85. Re:Just Takes One by dbIII · · Score: 1

      Time to apply critical thought guys. Read the article and those it cites, see how those numbers appeared and then wonder why only the nuclear facility at Oak Ridge and not any place anywhere around the world that actually does work on actual coal noticed this. Then wonder why there have been no papers on this for a long time and why nobody has ever published anything giving actual quantities coming out of the stack anywhere.
      You have been suckered by very effective PR pretending to be science.
      There are plenty of real reasons to not use coal, but this bullshit wasn't an attempt to make coal look worse it was an attempt to get people to tolerate nuclear waste more. Somewhere they found coal with large amounts of uranium and thorium and try to pretend it's all like that to justify nuclear waste.

    86. Re:Just Takes One by c6gunner · · Score: 1

      I just don't see it as reasonable to have free market determine that acceptable safety risk level purely from insurance cost (which, if you read to the beginning of the thread, is effectively what was proposed).

      No, I don't think that's what he was proposing. After all, we have to have car insurance but that doesn't mean that car safety standards are controlled by insurance companies. I think he was just saying that it would be a good idea to have nuclear plants privately insured, and that one of the advantages would be that it would create an extra level at which risk factors could be evaluated.

      But yeah, if I'm wrong about what he was suggesting and you're right, then I agree with you completely - having corporations determine safety standards would be a horrible idea, especially in an industry in which there's really no competition.

      By the way, for a guy who has "I'm NOT an American" in your sig, you sure do assume too much about other people's nationality. Hint: I'm not an American, either.

      Well then you should put it in your sig ;)

    87. Re:Just Takes One by Degro · · Score: 1

      Because as a country we don't do what is right and sensible, we do what is necessary to protect the bottom line for the ultra-rich tycoons that own all this shit. They're keeping the american dream warm for us, after all.

    88. Re:Just Takes One by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      insurance companies do a mediocre job of proper risk analysis

      That and the fact that most insurance fields do mediocre jobs of risk mitigation. Easier to just fold all the customers into one big number and divide by N, then add profit on top, than to actually do hard intellectual labor and work to reduce the chance of a payout on any specific individual cases. Of course, part of it is customer pushback against the suggestion that they might (god forbid) be doing something wrong (after all, that's what the insurance is for amirite?).

    89. Re:Just Takes One by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The Gas/Air mix in a motor shouldn't explode, it should be a controlled burn. Not sure about diesel fuel...maybe that's why they have so much heavier block.

    90. Re:Just Takes One by shutdown+-p+now · · Score: 1

      No, I don't think that's what he was proposing.

      Here's how it went:

      I guess nobody in power to stop these things never takes into account that one nuclear accident could render a majority of the US inhabitable

      Either way it's a cost/benefit analysis and you have to look at both sides of the equation.

      Why not let the free market sort out the risk factor?

      I might be misunderstanding the poster, of course, but I don't see any other interpretation to his words.

      Well then you should put it in your sig ;)

      Well, it's like "GNU/Linux" leading to "GNU/X11/KDE/OpenOffice/Linux", right? If I do that, I'd also have to eventually add that I'm not a Canadian either (even though I live in Canada at present), and so on. So I just raise that point on an as-needed basis :)

    91. Re:Just Takes One by itlurksbeneath · · Score: 1

      Ummm .... just how many deaths and how much radioactivity was released by 3MI? Approx: None.

      What's the old addage? More people have died in the back of Ted Kennedey's car than have died in the US from a nuclear accident.

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    92. Re:Just Takes One by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I know an engineer who was working on the project. He quit the job because of stuff like the backup means to shut down the reactor were controlled by the same computer that controlled the primary means to shut down the reactor. A number of things caused him to quit. For example, if a reactor has a breach, they can have it not be public information by asking the NRC to not release the information.

      But mostly it was clear to him that the way that the plant was designed, there was a significant chance that there's going to be a problem. He'll probably move away before the plant goes online.

      He talked about whether to be a whistle blower, but it wasn't worth it to him. A lawyer, familiar with such cases, agreed. I don't know whether he too will move.

    93. Re:Just Takes One by jameskojiro · · Score: 1

      Just keep the military away from it, you do know it was the Russian Military to blame for causing Chernobyl, it didn't just happen on it's own, they were looking for a way to use a conventional reactor as a breeder reactor and BOOM as you say. The amount of history that the ./ crowd doesn't know could fit in several libraries of congress.

      --
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    94. Re:Just Takes One by deltharius · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Hahahahahaha. You do realize that all the military nuclear propulsion reactors were built by private company low-contract (or blind contract) developers, right? A good number of them were under my father's control while he was the Branch Manager of the NRF (Naval Reactor Facility) at the INEL (Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, now INL, formerly INEEL). The reactors such as S1W (Submarine 1 Westinghouse), A1W (Aircraft Carrier 1 Westinghouse), S5G (Submarine 5 General Electric), etc. were built by private contractors; the INEL/INEEL/INL has the DoE reactors operated currently by Bechtel, previously by some Lockheed-Martin subsidiary, someone else before that ... it changes every few years. Bechtel also runs Bettis and Knolls Atomic Power Labs.

      The military and government reactors are already built and run by low-bidders. And yet, even with that, there has been one (1) fatal nuclear accident in the US. Three military personnel died in a meltdown and explosion in 1961 at SL-1 reactor at the INEL. So, thinking that military reactors are safer... well, in the US they have the same record for the last 48 years - 0 fatal accidents; but military loses before that...

    95. Re:Just Takes One by mqduck · · Score: 2, Funny

      It was more of a "Titanic" incident than anything else I can think of in history.

      Do I really need to point out the obvious here?

      --
      Property is theft.
    96. Re:Just Takes One by RasTafarii · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Name the others...

      --

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    97. Re:Just Takes One by babyrat · · Score: 1

      From our friends at wikipedia....http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economics_of_new_nuclear_power_plants#US

      Insurance for nuclear or radiological incidents in the U.S. is organized by the Price-Anderson Nuclear Industries Indemnity Act. In general, nuclear power plants have private insurance and assessments that are pooled into a fund currently worth about $10 billion. Insurance claims beyond the fund's size would be organized by, and probably paid by, the U.S. government. In July 2005, Congress extended this Act to newer facilities. For full history, details and controversy, see Price-Anderson Nuclear Industries Indemnity Act.

    98. Re:Just Takes One by joe_frisch · · Score: 1

      Reactors won't explode like a nuclear bomb, but they can in principal explode. The classic view of a nuclear reaction is that a neutron causes a uranium nucleus to fission, releasing more neutrons. Some of those neutrons are absorbed by the control rods, some cause more fissions. If on average the neutrons produce a growing number of fissions, you have a chain reaction. So far so good. In that simple model though the reactor is impossible to control. If the control rods absorb too many neutrons, the reaction dies away. If they absorb too few, it grows exponentially. The time constant (in this simple model) would be VERY FAST - probably microseconds. You couldn't possibly move the control rods fast enough to keep the reactor running at a stable power. A couple of things let you control the reaction: in a conventional power reactor the neutrons are moderated (slowed down) and the uranium has a higher cross section for slower neutrons. If the reaction rate starts to grow, the moderator gets hot, the neutrons get faster and the reaction slows down - a bit of negative feedback. This helps, but isn't enough by itself to make the reactor stable. The other important item is the fuel mix. Not all of the neutrons are produced immediately in the fission reaction, some are produced later (seconds to hours) from radioactive decay. You can run the reactor in a state where it is sub critical for the prompt neutrons, but still above critical for the delayed neutrons. That slows the exponential growth or decay rate to something you can control. Of course as the reactor operates, the fuel mix changes. U235 fissions. U238 breeds plutonium. The ration of prompt to delayed neutrons changes. People who operate reactors calculate the fuel mix as the reactor operates to be sure they have a reasonable stability margin. Having said all that, the safety record for nuclear power (including Chernobyl) is extremely good compared to other energy sources. The safety record for reactors in western countries is spectacularly good. I absolutely support building more nuclear reactors as the most practical solution to energy / environmental problems.

    99. Re:Just Takes One by lgw · · Score: 1

      That and the fact that most insurance fields do mediocre jobs of risk mitigation. Easier to just fold all the customers into one big number and divide by N, then add profit on top, than to actually do hard intellectual labor and work to reduce the chance of a payout on any specific individual cases. Of course, part of it is customer pushback against the suggestion that they might (god forbid) be doing something wrong (after all, that's what the insurance is for amirite?).

      I think that's far more common in areas where insurance is mandatory and insurance companies can't refuse customers. At that point, why bother with risk mitigation? You can't reject the losers anyhow, so just run cost-plus. But insurance companies can only do risk analysis based on historical data, and so are not a "free market solves everything" answer when it comes to new technologies. They're great in a free market with lots of historical data, however!

      --
      Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
    100. Re:Just Takes One by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      the twins towers CANNOT COLLAPSE, and we have designed them to withstand a direct hit by an airplane.
      Do not worry.

      (this was actually said by the architects)

    101. Re:Just Takes One by orzetto · · Score: 1

      Modern reactors have both failsafe designs AND better containment [...] Reactors like (eg.) the Pebble Bed reactor have no unstable state.

      You seem to forget something important in the design of PBRs. They have no containment, because the stability is achieved by contact between reactor vessel and environment air, which acts as emergency coolant if everything else fails. They may have a "containment building" built around them, but the doors are left open. That's by design and that's exactly how stability is achieved.

      Also, PBRs are the first nuclear reactors ever to feature compressors in the primary loop (which uses helium instead of water). Compressors are much more complex than pumps (which work with liquids), and can surge, something pumps cannot. Since compressing gas is an energy-intensive business, producers will choose the most efficient compressors, which are the axial ones, which also happen to be the most sensitive to surges, and for which the highest efficiency is just before the surging line. Surges cause rapidly increasing temperatures, leading to leaks, metal melting and possibly explosions in a matter of seconds. I suppose you can imagine what happens when hot, radioactive helium flies out of an exploding compressor. Remember, no inherent containment is possible unless we sacrifice inherent stability—we have to trust someone to close the doors; however, if the primary circuit is interrupted and the passive cooling deactivated, heat will build up in the reactor.

      Also, pebbles do have a tendency to get stuck when being moved around in the reactor, an operation necessary to maintain uniform conditions. That's what happened in Jülich, Germany, to the German PBR, an event that led to Germany shutting down the program as the technicians ended up releasing radioactive helium in the atmosphere while trying to unclog the pipes. Radioactivity levels were significant for the Jülich area, but were blamed on the Ruskies (the Chernobyl accident happened in the same days, IIRC).

      I am an opponent of nuclear power, but I have no problem with anyone building power plants, on a simple conditions that Slashdot libertarians should like: no subsidies of any kind, only private capital. The day the subsidies end is the day fission power ends.

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    102. Re:Just Takes One by testadicazzo · · Score: 1
      Okay, so I figure there must be a body of Slashdot participants which actually know something about nuclear power, so maybe this is a productive place to start this thread:

      Usually the anti/pro nuclear power debate centers around the risk of radiation leaks or something going wrong at the power plant, i.e. the danger of catastrophic faults. Besides attempting to refute the emotional fears of the anti-nuclear proponents, the pro-nuclear guys always focus on the cheapness of the power.

      Okay, so here's my question: As I understand it, nuclear reactors have a limited lifetime, after which they have to be decommisioned. At this point, can anything be done with the old nuclear site? My probably out-of-date understanding is that there's nothing left to do but fill the plant with concrete, and fence it off for next X thousand years until the radiation decays. Is that still the case?

      Also, what's the deal with the waste from the modern plants, and the waste storage? Has anyone done a good analysis of the real costs of nuclear power, in the long term (i.e. total cost of a nuclear plant, including the storage and cleanup from here to human extinction)? I'd love to see that.

    103. Re:Just Takes One by orzetto · · Score: 2, Interesting
      1. There was no nuclear explosion, all right, but explosions can be defined as "venting in a hurry".
      2. You are basically saying that, since the Titanic cannot be used for a 9/11-style attack, the Titanic is safe.
      3. Oh yes it is. Reactor downtime is a major killer of economic performance, and no one can afford to keep plants off the grid for a second more than strictly necessary. Given the poor economic performance of all nuclear reactors to date, reactor uptime has to be kept high for any future design. See also Paine, J. R. Will nuclear power pay for itself? The Social Science Journal, 1996, 33, 459-473 for a detailed study on the economics of nuclear power.
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    104. Re:Just Takes One by orzetto · · Score: 1

      This argument keeps surfacing, but coal plants do not concentrate these radioactive materials to dangerous levels. Remember that radioactivity is one of those problems where, if you spread the problem enough, the problem disappears.

      Some numbers from Scientific American: people living around coal plants are exposed to 1.9 millirem of fly-ash radiation yearly, whereas the average person encounters 360 millirem a year. That's an increase of 0.5%, well within the uncertainty in the 360-millirem figure.

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    105. Re:Just Takes One by Ihlosi · · Score: 1
      I am an opponent of nuclear power, but I have no problem with anyone building power plants, on a simple conditions that Slashdot libertarians should like: no subsidies of any kind, only private capital.

      ... and setting the cost for disposal arbitrarily high through legislation and regulation?

      Not exactly libertarian.

    106. Re:Just Takes One by Ihlosi · · Score: 2, Insightful
      This argument keeps surfacing, but coal plants do not concentrate these radioactive materials to dangerous levels. Remember that radioactivity is one of those problems where, if you spread the problem enough, the problem disappears.

      So we should just go back to dumping all radioactive waste in the oceans? That's one helluva dilution factor right there.

    107. Re:Just Takes One by Vanders · · Score: 2, Informative

      Westinghouse et al...just order a coat of green paint to go onto their Chernobyl era dinosaur designs instead.

      Western designs are absolutely nothing like the RBMK series reactor that was built at Chernobyl. Reactor design may have stood still in the United States over the past three decades, but other western countries (& a few non-western countries) have been building new reactors and improving reactor design while the US has been sleeping. Modern CANDU designs, the Westinghouse AP1000, ABWR & APWR are not 1950's technology.

    108. Re:Just Takes One by squizzar · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Uranium is basically harmless, radiation-wise (any radioactive material that has been around since the Earth formed is not meaningfully radioactive).

      Ask the people of Cornwall in the UK (and some parts of the US, I can't remember which) about Radon. Here's a handy map:
      http://www.hpa.org.uk/webw/HPAweb&HPAwebStandard/HPAweb_C/1197636998945?p=1158934607683
      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radon#Radon_concentration_guidelines

      How the danger of Radon building up in houses to the general public was discovered:
      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radium_and_radon_in_the_environment#Radon_in_houses

    109. Re:Just Takes One by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I know an engineer who was working on the project too, he says you're full of shit and your engineer friend doesn't really exist.

    110. Re:Just Takes One by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Er, all of the control room operators survived. In fact no one died in the initial explosion. The first deaths came from a couple of guys who entered the reactor building (for whatever reason) and the firefighters who attended initially. Later on there was a high mortality rate among the helicopter pilots who flew over Unit 4 to "bomb" the fire with neutron absorbers.

    111. Re:Just Takes One by catherder_finleyd · · Score: 1

      Many of the commercial reactor operators come from the military. They provide the best training and experience:

      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naval_Nuclear_Power_School

    112. Re:Just Takes One by QuantumPion · · Score: 1

      Actually these numbers have been calculated. There is an entire field in the industry called probabilistic risk assessment, and deals with the probability of accident event chains leading to reactor core damage. There is a number called "core damage frequency" (you can google this) and typically range from 1e-5 to 1e-6 for US reactors (i.e. the odds of the a reactor accident leading to core damage is about 1 in a million per reactor per year. This only means core damage like TMI, not radioactivity release. That is a different number, called the "large early release factor" and is an even smaller number, around 1e-7 or less).

    113. Re:Just Takes One by Muad'Dave · · Score: 1

      ...a tin roof over a bad rector ... isn't a good combination.

      I'd say a young boy over a bad rector are a worse combination.

      --
      Tiller's Rule: Never use a word in written form that you've only heard and never read. You will end up looking foolish.
    114. Re:Just Takes One by Andy+Dodd · · Score: 2, Insightful

      As the another commenter said, a coal plant releases a few tons/year of uranium into the air.

      Uranium has an incredibly long half-life and tends to remain in the body due to its chemical properties.

      Xenon-135 (which is what the majority of TMI's release consisted of) has a half-life of 9.2 hours and is chemically unreactive, so doesn't tend to concentrate itself anywhere.

      Given a choice between living 5 miles from a coal plant or 5 miles from a nuclear plant (US-design, NOT an RBMK...), I'll take the nuclear plant any day.

      --
      retrorocket.o not found, launch anyway?
    115. Re:Just Takes One by QuantumPion · · Score: 2, Informative

      Criticality is not a function of free neutrons. Criticality (or rather, the multiplication factor) is an eigenvalue of a system and is independent of flux. A reactor can be critical with zero neutrons flying around. This is actually a real issue, because when a reactor is being initially loaded while offline, you need a constant, external neutron source to provide some flux- otherwise if the core was misloaded you could be critical and not even know until it was too late.

    116. Re:Just Takes One by catbertscousin · · Score: 1

      nuh UHH! Check my UID loser... I am in the sixdigit club!

      We have a club? Sweet! Will my Geek Card let me hang out there?
      Oh wait . . . this is /.

      --
      No good deed goes unpunished. - Avon, Blake's 7
    117. Re:Just Takes One by LWATCDR · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Please get over you mindless fear.
      1. When people talk about reactors exploding they are usually thinking big mushroom cloud destroying a city. Not going to happen. Even a massive steam explosion in a western style light water reactor is EXTREMELY unlikely. The reactor in Idaho people like to bring up wasn't a commercial reactor but an experimental military reactor. Even then it killed fewer people than died at my local oil fired power plant putting up Christmas decorations.

      2. Since a Chernobyl style accident is IMPOSSIBLE then bringing it up when talking about a western light water water power reactor is tactic to use groundless fear to scare the ignorant. And yes you are correct there is no reason to protect a building more than a mile for the water from being rammed by the Titanic.

      3. We can discuss that when they want to build a power reactor in the US that doesn't have a containment building. All planned reactors in the US will have them. Also the Social Science Journal isn't an engineering or even a physics journal. In fact this is on their front page today. "Child maltreatment in Disney animated feature films: 1937â"2006 "
      How about a reference from a physics journal or even the IEEE to back it up?

      --
      See my blog http://ilovecookes.blogspot.com/ for light hearted technical information.
    118. Re:Just Takes One by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "Can't happen here, can't happen here
      All that you fear, they're telling you
      Can't happen here" ... good song by Rainbow ... famous last words, too.

    119. Re:Just Takes One by Ihlosi · · Score: 1
      The ONLY lesson to be learned from Chernobyl is that a tin roof over a bad rector design isn't a good combination.

      And, most importantly, that deliberately circumventing safety systems is a bad idea.

      Reactors like (eg.) the Pebble Bed reactor have no unstable state. Even if some lunatic director goes berserk in the reactor control room he can't cause a meltdown.

      No, but possibly a nice graphite fire.

    120. Re:Just Takes One by artemis67 · · Score: 1

      As I understand it, nuclear reactors have a limited lifetime, after which they have to be decommisioned. At this point, can anything be done with the old nuclear site?

      Yes, open up a FusionBurger franchise.

    121. Re:Just Takes One by SnarfQuest · · Score: 1

      If you want a car analogy, the public perception of nuclear power plants is similar to the perception of cars in the movies. Everyone known that when a car goes over a cliff, it will explode in midair (without having hit anything first), and one of the tires will roll away burning when it hits the ground. Similar scientific principles are applied to nuclear power.

      --
      Who would win this election: Andrew Weiner vs Andrew Weiner's weiner.
    122. Re:Just Takes One by DuckDodgers · · Score: 2, Interesting

      The US uses about 1.1 billion tons of coal per year ( http://www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/coal/page/special/feature.html ), or a minimum of (http://www.reade.com/Particle_Briefings/spec_gra2.html - assuming solid anthracite, the densest form of coal) 35 billion cubic feet of coal per year. Total US spent nuclear fuel by the year 2015 is projected to be about 75,000 metric tons, or 82,500 US tons ( http://www.sdi.gov/lc_nucle.htm )

      So getting about 50% of our electrical power from coal per year requires us to burn over a cubic half mile of coal.

      I think it's clear that nuclear is the winner here.

    123. Re:Just Takes One by schofi2 · · Score: 1

      1. Reactors don't explode..

      They don't explode like a nuclear bomb but they can have steam explosions.

      2. A Chernobyl style accident is impossible with a light water reactor..

      That is wrong. *Any* water cooled reactor could potentially have a steam explosion and any such reactor, with a sufficiently stupid design, could have a Chernobyl type accident.

      4. Reactors all go critical. What you don't want is for them to go super critical.

      5. No modern reactor can go super critical the fuel they use isn't enriched enough to go super critical and they all need a moderator like water to work.

      That's not necessarily true (I think you're missusing the term "super critical") and it's not really the point. What you really don't want is for them to generate more heat than the coolant system is capable of dispersing. At the time of Chernobyl, the US had (and I was working on) a similar reactor (graphite/water moderated, dual purpose). A great deal of effort was put in to proving that the same thing couldn't happen here. Thermal reactors (what most of them are) have an optimal ratio of water to fuel. Anyone with any sense designs their reactor to have less than optimal amount of water in the coolant. That way, any accident that causes the reactor to lose water also causes it to lose power. Chernobyl had more than the optimum amount. In the course of the accident the water started to boil (reducing the density) and the power increased, which caused more boiling and ultimately a steam explosion. A design like that would never get approved in any country with competant regulation and if one somehow got built it would get caught in the testing phase.

    124. Re:Just Takes One by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Wow! I too know an engineer who was working on the project and he said the other guy's engineer used to walk on the water in the cooling towers, so his engineer is better than your engineer, but still not as good as mine...

    125. Re:Just Takes One by Ihlosi · · Score: 1
      That is wrong. *Any* water cooled reactor could potentially have a steam explosion and any such reactor, with a sufficiently stupid design, could have a Chernobyl type accident.

      No. It have a steam explosion, but it won't develop a raging graphite fire, due to the lack of graphite.

    126. Re:Just Takes One by sjames · · Score: 1

      Even a worst case accident (a deliberate and well planned failure maximizing release and dispersal) wouldn't render the majority of the U.S. uninhabitable.

    127. Re:Just Takes One by dbIII · · Score: 1

      Yes, as I said there are plenty of real reasons to avoid coal. I get a coal mining newsletter emailed to me once a week and nearly every issue has a list of the number of people that died in coal mining accidents over the past week.
      I think it's clear that coal is the loser but that doesn't automaticly make nuclear the winner. The real answer (unless you are a salesman) is a mix of energy sources. Civilian nuclear only makes sense at very large scales and while big base load staions are nice you still need something to cover the peaks.

    128. Re:Just Takes One by LWATCDR · · Score: 1

      The steam explosion yes but it would take a lot of work. The raging fire that spread most of the fall out no. Also once the water is gone there is no moderation and the reaction slows in a light water reactor. In the graphite reactor that was in Chernobyl once the water was gone the reaction speed up.
      And reactors in the US have containment buildings.

      --
      See my blog http://ilovecookes.blogspot.com/ for light hearted technical information.
    129. Re:Just Takes One by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Modern reactors have both failsafe designs AND better containment, so no, it can't happen here. Reactors like (eg.) the Pebble Bed reactor have no unstable state. Even if some lunatic director goes berserk in the reactor control room he can't cause a meltdown.

      What happens if a 747 is flown into a US reactor? (not a troll I really don't know the answer)

    130. Re:Just Takes One by DuckDodgers · · Score: 1

      Anything that moves us away from non-renewable energy sources and imported resources to domestic energy production is good. But we have to consider costs and space.

      For instance, the Nevada Solar One solar thermal power plant cost about $266 million to build, covers 400 acres of land, and generates about 129 GWh per year. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nevada_Solar_One

      The US used over 22 quadrillion BTU of coal power in 2005 http://www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/solar.renewables/page/trends/table1.html which converts to about 6450 TWh so if we wanted to replace coal use with Solar Thermal Plants, that's 6450 TWh/129 GWh = 50000 copies of Nevada Solar One at a cost of $13 trillion and covering 30,000 square miles of land. Solar isn't exactly a quick fix either.

    131. Re:Just Takes One by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Radioactive helium?

      There is no helium isotope that could be relevant in a leak (max half life less than 1 sec).

      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotopes_of_helium

    132. Re:Just Takes One by orzetto · · Score: 1

      1. Any explosion, or even just a deflagration, involving the primary coolant is going to leak radioactivity and will have consequences. Everybody I know knows very well nuclear power plants cannot explode, even my father who's pretty dim about anything related to technology. So stop painting opponents of nukes like luddites.

      2. Whooosh. You kind of missed the point that the Titanic sunk and killed over a thousand people. Just because it cannot crash into a building it does not protect it from many other kinds of accidents.

      3. Why would an engineering or physics journal be relevant? You did not even read the article, which was about the economics of nuclear power, not the technical implementation. I brought my source, if you have one contradicting it bring it on.

      Uh, and besides, why would it be irrelevant to study episodes of child maltreatment in Disney pictures over many decades? It seems to be a good way to gauge public attitude towards children. I have in any case seen much more unlikely titles for scientific articles.

      --
      Victims of 9/11: <3000. Traffic in the US: >30,000/y
    133. Re:Just Takes One by orzetto · · Score: 1

      Not sure about the details, and indeed they chose helium because it does not carry that much radioactivity around. However the Germans in Jülich did break the pipe, leaked helium, and radioactivity was leaked. Not sure whether that was due to impurities in the helium, or air that rushed to take helium's place in the circuit and then leaked out again.

      --
      Victims of 9/11: <3000. Traffic in the US: >30,000/y
    134. Re:Just Takes One by orzetto · · Score: 1

      ... and setting the cost for disposal arbitrarily high through legislation and regulation?

      Here's the deal: your power plant leaked radioactivity. My potato field is glowing. You get it back in the condition it was before, and pay me the damages I suffered since I cannot harvest potatoes this year. Don't care how you fix it, nor how much it costs you. If you cannot deal with it, stay out of nuclear power.

      --
      Victims of 9/11: <3000. Traffic in the US: >30,000/y
    135. Re:Just Takes One by LWATCDR · · Score: 1

      1. If a Primary coolant pipe leaked it would be contained because it is would be in the containment building that is one of the reasons you have them.

      2Whoosh..
      Even bringing up the Titanic is yet another simple minded attempt to bring fear into this.
      What did it have anything to do with anything. It was silly.
      But if you want to work with it I will your bringing up that Chernobyl when talking about a modern western light water reactor is kind of like someone bringing up that Titanic as a reason for not going on a modern cruise ship!
      "Lets go on a cruise."
      "No it is too dangerous remember that Titanic."
      "But this ship will have enough lifeboats unlike the Titanic."
      "No remember the Titanic it could still sink too fast to get in the life boats!"
      "But it has Radar and GPS and satellite communications so it can avoid storm, reefs, and even icebergs!"
      "But it could run into one that is totally under water!"
      "But we are going on a Caribbean Cruise! There are no icebergs!"
      "Just because nobody has ever seen one doesn't mean that they are not there"!
      Bringing up Chernobyl or the Titanic when talking about a modern western reactor is NOTHING BUT A FEAR TACTIC.
      The both have the same validity to the subject. Nothing at all.

      Okay want some sources that disagree with yours
      http://www.world-nuclear.org/info/inf02.html
      http://www.nucleartourist.com/basics/costs.htm
      http://www.nei.org/keyissues/
      Of these are pro nuclear sites but before you dismiss them just realise this. If there where studies of nuclear power that positive results wouldn't pro-nuclear sites post them?
      Also wouldn't anti-nuclear sites dismiss them?

      Plus you know that France gets the majority of their power from nuclear, Japan gets a lot of from Nuclear, and China is planning on building more reactors "made by GE no less". I find it hard to believe that those nations are being "taken in" and building plants that are no economic to build and run.
      And your source isn't a journal of technology, physics, engineering, or economics!
      It is a journal of sociology which can include some economics but would probably lack the technical expertise in the subject of Nuclear Engineering or even power generation.
      I have seen similar studies. They all use older US plants as the source of their cost data. That is going to give you skewed data because those plants are all over 30 years old in design and each of them was a custom design. The had huge cost over runs because of that. Add in the problems with regulators after TMI and the costs are terrible. If you use modern standardized reactor designs like those used in France and China the costs totally different

      Oh and here is one final article but not a study.
      It is from one of the founders of Greenpeace about why he was wrong about Nuclear and now supports it along with the reasons.
      http://www.newsweek.com/id/131753?GT1=43002

      Simple fact seems that you fear nuclear power. No study or history of safe plant operation in the West will convince you because you have made up your mind. Anything that confirms your fear you will embrace and that which contradicts you will reject.
      The West had decades of experience running nuclear power plants with France getting something like 80 of it's power from nuclear and Sweden getting around 50% all with reasonable costs and very good safety. The US also has a very good safety record even with TMI.

      --
      See my blog http://ilovecookes.blogspot.com/ for light hearted technical information.
    136. Re:Just Takes One by Ihlosi · · Score: 1
      Here's the deal: your power plant leaked radioactivity We were talking about disposal, not accidents.

      And here's another problem: If you tell the judge that the plant leaked radioactivity, you may have a very good point in his eyes, but it's absolute nonsense from a technical point of view (it's radioactive materials that are dangerous when they leak - your potatoes are going to be exposed to a few million times the radiation they're ever going to catch from a nuclear power plant when they go through the food irradiation plant).

      On the other hand, if the plant really leaked radioactive materials, have fun proving where they came from (remember: no regulation, that would be unliberatarian). And who's saying that you can't harvest your potatoes (let me guess: an evil unlibertarian government agency).

    137. Re:Just Takes One by geekoid · · Score: 1

      "built and run by low-bidders."

      Sorry for the late post, but thats tatment irks me, since it's wildly inaccurate.

      built and run by low-bidders who meet the safety and production requirements.

      I ahve been on boards deciding who is going to win a bid, and low cost is only a factor. In fact, I don't think we have every awarded to the lowest bid becasue one of the requirement is a company history.

      .

      --
      The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
    138. Re:Just Takes One by geekoid · · Score: 1

      ".. Can you say molten fuel rods?"
      can you say so the fuck what?

      Jeez, everything that was supposed to happen under that condition did.
      Do you know how many people died from 3 mile island? Zero(0)

      Do you know haw many people ahve dies because environmentalist pressured them not to reopen the other tower? over 50 from coal related deaths.

      You should take a summer to study Nucleaer reactor design to at least get the understanding of why a Chernobyl incident is impossible in a US designed reactor.

      Yes, IMPOSSIBLE.

      --
      The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
    139. Re:Just Takes One by geekoid · · Score: 1

      If by that, you mean bury in the trench? then yes.

      --
      The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
  2. Finally by plague3106 · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Common sense prevails. Nuclear is the best option we have right now for clean, cheap, reliable energy.

    1. Re:Finally by MrEricSir · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Or we could just, you know, turn off computers that we're not using.

      --
      There's no -1 for "I don't get it."
    2. Re:Finally by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

      Or ones of no relevance. I call dibs on yours!

    3. Re:Finally by PPH · · Score: 1
      --
      Have gnu, will travel.
    4. Re:Finally by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Common Sense would say use the nuclear reactor already operating: The Sun.

    5. Re:Finally by bunratty · · Score: 5, Informative

      Agreed. Exactly how nuclear reactors operate makes a big difference, though. If we do not use breeder reactors and build lots of new nuclear power plants, our nuclear fuel might last only a few decades and will generate lots of radioactive waste. Breeder reactors would be able to use most of that waste as fuel, allowing the fuel to last hundreds of years with a fraction of the waste generated.

      --
      What a fool believes, he sees, no wise man has the power to reason away.
    6. Re:Finally by all5n · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Can't we go back and re-refine the nuclear waste for further use later once we get rid of the stupid "no breeder reactors allowed to prevent proliferation" laws?

    7. Re:Finally by Ruliz+Galaxor · · Score: 1

      Clean, as in: do you know how much greenhouse gases are emitted when getting uranium/plutonium out of the ground and processed to be able to use it in a nuclear reactor?

      If you would know, you wouldn't call it clean.

      Cheap is also largely untrue.

      See (for example): http://www.foreignpolicy.com/story/cms.php?story_id=3250 to debunk your clean and cheap arguments.

    8. Re:Finally by maxume · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Yes. The continued on-site storage of reactor waste and political failure of Yucca mountain is 'a good thing'.

      --
      Nerd rage is the funniest rage.
    9. Re:Finally by TerranFury · · Score: 5, Informative

      Humans consume 16 TW on average.

      89 PW of solar energy reaches the earth's surface.

      That's over 5,000x the power we need.

      (source).

      I support nuclear too, but GP is no idiot.

    10. Re:Finally by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Informative

      Plutonium? Really? FAIL.

      Also, YFA indicates "Data from the Institute for Energy and Environmental Research and USEC, a uranium enrichment company, indicate that enriching the amount of uranium needed to fuel 1,000-megawatt reactor for a year using the most efficient method can require 5,500 megawatt hours of gas- and coal-fired electricity (a 10-megawatt power plant running for 550 hours).*"

      Holy brainfuck batman... If there were more nuclear power, they wouldn't need to use power generated by fucking oil and coal plants. You know, nuclear might not be all that great, but it's the best we've got by a long shot, and if we continue to develop it, it'll get better. Letting nuclear cool its heels for decades is not an answer.

    11. Re:Finally by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      As you can see from TerranFurry's comment, you are the weakest link, idiot.

    12. Re:Finally by maxume · · Score: 1

      Is it 60 million metric tons of greenhouse gases?

      The whining about refining emissions in that article is hilarious, it complains that refining the fuel to run a 1,000 megawatt reactor for a year produces emissions comparable to a 10 megawatt power plant running for 23 days (well, they used hours, but whatever), but fails to point out that when coal is the alternative, that fuel also offsets 100 10 megawatt reactors running for a year. I imagine that the emissions from mining are similarly small fractions of the eventual energy output of the fuel.

      --
      Nerd rage is the funniest rage.
    13. Re:Finally by spidercoz · · Score: 3, Informative

      Who's calling whom an idiot, idiot?

      Solar output in Watts: 3.86x10^26
      Solar energy that reaches Earth: 1.74x10^17 W
      Energy that reaches ground: 8.9x10^16 W

      Energy consumption of the planet: 1.6x10^13 W

      --
      "I disapprove of what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it." - Evelyn Beatrice Hall, re Voltaire
    14. Re:Finally by Ares · · Score: 4, Informative

      Also, YFA indicates "Data from the Institute for Energy and Environmental Research and USEC, a uranium enrichment company, indicate that enriching the amount of uranium needed to fuel 1,000-megawatt reactor for a year using the most efficient method can require 5,500 megawatt hours of gas- and coal-fired electricity (a 10-megawatt power plant running for 550 hours).*"

      in other words, for the math-challenged grandparent post, the 1,000 MW reactor would have to run at full load for 5.5 hours for every year worth of enriched fuel it consumes. The remaining 8,754.5 hours of the year can be used to do other things. like power homes and businesses.

    15. Re:Finally by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Alright, so your 1000 MW reactor needs an investment of 5500 megawatt-hours a year. How much power did the reactor generate in that time? There's 8765 full hours in a year, so that plant may have generated about 8,700,000 megawatt hours, give or take. The investment of 5500 MWH was repaid 1581 times.

      Seems like a whopper of deal to me. I wish I could make a 160000% return on my investments.

    16. Re:Finally by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "Or"?

    17. Re:Finally by notarockstar1979 · · Score: 4, Informative

      Breeder reactors would be able to use most of that waste as fuel, allowing the fuel to last hundreds of years with a fraction of the waste generated.

      And at a lesser cost in the end, partially because they wouldn't have to mine as much new fuel and partially because they wouldn't have to find places to bury the spent fuel.

    18. Re:Finally by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      It's only clean if you don't factor in the fuel costs for the daily commute of the people guarding the waste for the next 10,000 years.

    19. Re:Finally by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      No. Nuclear is a component of the best option we have right now. Nuclear-only is a fairly bad option.

    20. Re:Finally by afidel · · Score: 1

      Nah, the on-site storage just ups the chance of leakage into the environment. Yucca is a fine place to keep the waste until we get our head out of the sand and accept breeder designs. The material is going to be transported eventually since it's highly unlikely the will build new breeder reactors on the same sites as the existing facilities (lack of sufficient thermal sinks is the main design concern).

      --
      There are 4 boxes to use in the defense of liberty: soap, ballot, jury, ammo. Use in that order. Starting now.
    21. Re:Finally by ducomputergeek · · Score: 3, Insightful

      And the cost of energy and materials to produce the solar cells needed to capture said solar energy?

      --
      "The problem with socialism is eventually you run out of other people's money" - Thatcher.
    22. Re:Finally by Twinbee · · Score: 1

      I'm sure there a hundred other ways to scrape a total 1% off the electricity bill and have a less convenient life as well.

      --
      Why OpalCalc is the best Windows calc
    23. Re:Finally by thule · · Score: 5, Insightful

      No thanks to Greenpeace et al that caused nuclear to be financially and politically less viable than coal. Think of what nuclear costs could be if over the top regulations didn't exist. If we can adopt sane regulations to nuclear reactors we would be much less dependent on coal.

      Environmental groups have caused the greatest amount of greenhouse gases than any other group. Okay, okay, I made that stat up.

      Vote Chuck DeVore (A pro nuclear power guy running for Senate in California).

    24. Re:Finally by uvdiv_blog · · Score: 5, Informative

      Clean, as in: do you know how much greenhouse gases are emitted when getting uranium/plutonium out of the ground and processed to be able to use it in a nuclear reactor?

      I do. See for example the IPCC 4th assessment report, working group 3, chapter 4 "Energy Supply". In particular 4.3.2 pp. 269-270 "Nuclear Power", and also the summary graph Figure 4.19 on page 283, which compares the lifecycle CO2 emissions per unit energy of different primary sources.

      In short, considering the entire energy cycle, nuclear power has comparable CO2 emissions to wind, hydro, and solar power, and actually appears rather cleaner than the latter two.

      This isn't surprising at all, when you consider the extreme energy density of nuclear fission. Annual uranium mining is on the scale of merely tens of thousands of tons / year, contrasted for instance with coal which is billions of tons - a tiny fraction. The scale is ridiculously small, and correspondingly so are the environmental impacts.

      This all comes with a non-obvious disclaimer, that these lifecycle CO2 emissions are only valid in the present context, that most electricity and all transportation are still fossil-fuel powered. Nuclear only emits CO2 at all because there is not enough of it yet, and so the steel mills are powered by coal, and the transport trucks by oil. When we transition to clean energy and electric vehicles or clean synfuels, NONE of the clean energy sources will have ANY lifecycle CO2 emissions at all, and the debate will be moot. (Well, there are two exceptions - inputs of concrete, whose manufacture necessarily emits CO2, in the reduction of CaCO3 -> CaO + CO2, and with hydropower (see the same IPCC chapter, 4.3.3.1, p. 273-4), which emits the GHG methane from anaerobic decomposition of plant matter that is flooded when reservoirs are filled.))

      Oh one more thing - plutonium isn't extracted from the ground, it is synthetic, created by nuclear transmutation. One neutron capture U-238 + n -> U-239, followed by two spontaneous beta-decays (neutron turns to proton, emits electron and antineutrino), U-239 -> Np-239 -> Pu-239.

    25. Re:Finally by afidel · · Score: 1

      That doesn't debunk anything, using 5,500 MWhr's to enrich the fuel to produce 8,760,000 MWhr's sounds like a huge freaking reduction to me! As to their claim that there's only 50 years of uranium, that's so far off from reality that I don't know how to respond. Oh and the majority of the costs of opening a new plant are government imposed so it's kind of hard to compare them to anything free-market add to that the fact that fossil fuel prices don't currently have their externality costs priced into the consumption price and making a comparison is almost impossible.

      --
      There are 4 boxes to use in the defense of liberty: soap, ballot, jury, ammo. Use in that order. Starting now.
    26. Re:Finally by Citizen+of+Earth · · Score: 1

      And for the low, low price of just $200-trillion, we can replace our legacy power plants with clean, green (except to manufacture) solar cells. Buy now, and receive a free Ginsu knife set with an attractive leather case.

    27. Re:Finally by maxume · · Score: 1

      Step 0 for Yucca is glassification. It complicates things quite a bit.

      --
      Nerd rage is the funniest rage.
    28. Re:Finally by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      And when you've finished building that Dyson sphere and still need more juice, just a run an extension cord to Alpha Centauri, and there's another hundred yottawatts.

    29. Re:Finally by russotto · · Score: 2, Informative

      The mining and processing argument against nuclear power doesn't make sense. Greenhouse gases emitted during mining and processing are roughly proportional to energy spent in mining in processing (assuming, worst case, that all of it is from fossil fuels). But for nuclear power to be of any practical use, the amount of energy you get out of a unit of fuel must be orders of magnitude greater than the energy taken to mine and process it. This, fortunately, turns out to be the case. Thus, nuclear power produces orders of magnitude less greenhouse gasses than fossil fuels, even considering emissions during mining and processing.

    30. Re:Finally by DrWho520 · · Score: 1

      The amount of power delivered to the Earth from the sun is more than sufficient. The problem is, and ever has been, efficient conversion of that energy into a useful form.

      --
      The cancel button is your friend. Do not hesitate to use it.
    31. Re:Finally by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      They estimated that we actually have a billion years of fuel with breeder reactors. We can filter ocean water to get nuclear fuel as well. This is a long term solution as well as a green solution. Greener than solar cells even.

    32. Re:Finally by Garrett+Fox · · Score: 0, Troll

      Sure. But at present, efficiency ratings for solar panels, plus the cost of manufacturing them, plus the transmission loss from getting energy where it's needed, plus the legal hassle of convincing environmentalists that you're not going to kill an endangered insect on the precious desert landscape, combine to make solar an impractical option. For now. Unfortunately, what we're most likely to do first is heavily tax fossil fuels and heavily subsidize renewables, thus distorting the actual production cost to the point where we're really using $1.01+ of effort to produce $1.00 of energy.

      --
      Revive the Constitution.
    33. Re:Finally by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Doesn't plant and animal life require some of that 89 PW?
      But yes, we need to continue research and development on ALL forms of energy production.

    34. Re:Finally by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      89 PW of solar energy reaches the earth's surface.

      So we need to cover the entire earth in a giant solar panel so no solar energy goes to waste. That way, no more energy will be wasted unnecessarily lighting up the outdoors or keeping plants alive.

    35. Re:Finally by uvdiv_blog · · Score: 1, Informative

      Caveat emptor: Chuck DeVore is only a Republican, but a "social conservative" and a homophobic bigot.

      "Chuck DeVore receives a perfect pro-family score"

    36. Re:Finally by pizzach · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Well it's been a few decades since the last "horrible" nuclear accident. The public may be getting ready to face the music and try it again. Looking at history, it looks like the Soviet Union had the worst luck with Nuclear power and accidents. [reference]. It seem like every time there has been a problem it has set back nuclear development by 10 years.

      --
      Once you start despising the jerks, you become one.
    37. Re:Finally by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Umm, yeah, but then there's no sun left over for the rest of the Earth. Los Angeles really would look like "Blade Runner" then. And that's assuming you could use 100% of the available energy to do work, which you can't.

    38. Re:Finally by Lordnerdzrool · · Score: 1

      Not only that, but we can have the breeder reactors make more reactors. We can video tape them and sell the videos to some naughty website. These things will really pay for themselves and then some.

    39. Re:Finally by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      We can use our politicians and CEOs as a fuel. They have so much useless energy. And in critical mass they are radioactive and poisonous.
      Anyway, there is no better use for them.

    40. Re:Finally by joocemann · · Score: 4, Informative

      And the cost of energy and materials to produce the solar cells needed to capture said solar energy?

      ... is covered in usually 7 to 10 years of the average 28 years the cell will reliably produce energy. But what is also covered in that 7 to 10 years is the energy it would require to recycle that cell into a new working cell. Now you know; spread the word.

      Please don't post/echo false memes unless you actually want to hear the truth.

    41. Re:Finally by joocemann · · Score: 5, Informative

      How much do you actually know about what you're talking about? I'm not asking you rhetorically (though that would be fun to poke at you with), but actually. Tell me what you know before I pay any credence to your b.s.

      I can, however, rapidly destroy your b.s. with the fact that the average solar cell produces enough energy to pay for itself AND recycle itself into another working cell in 7 - 10 years. And the average lifespan being 28 years before requiring recycle. Do the math, if you can. 28-10 = 18 years of relatively free energy.

      I'm happy to have informed you. Spread the word instead of the false memes you're trying to echo.

    42. Re:Finally by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Untold thousands die every year from coal related illnesses, and there are huge environmental impacts - in the only and worst nuclear accident in US history - 0 people died. Get real, know your facts.

      http://www.ecolo.org/base/baseus.htm

      http://russp.org/nucpower.htm

    43. Re:Finally by joocemann · · Score: 1

      I need you to reference evidence to what you've stated. The extensive data I've seen does not follow the false memes you've echoed here. Are you referencing a pundit or a research project? From the looks of your definitively false statements, I assume you're echoing paid pundits.

    44. Re:Finally by rubycodez · · Score: 1

      there are advanced reactor designs that need no thermal sinks other than the atmosphere.

    45. Re:Finally by SUB7IME · · Score: 1

      Although funding for Yucca mountain will continue for at least 2009-2010 (per a congressional vote this past week), the site is still not licensed by federal regulators. Additionally, Obama is on the record as opposing the Yucca site.

      So, while some may agree that Yucca is a fine place to store waste, the political winds make it unlikely that we will actually store waste there.

    46. Re:Finally by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Informative

      This simply is NOT true with current technology. Please state a source.

      http://www.independent.co.uk/environment/climate-change/solar-panels-take-100-years-to-pay-back-installation-costs-917202.html

      Please don't post/echo false memes unless you actually want to hear the truth.

      Oh the ironing.

    47. Re:Finally by afidel · · Score: 1

      How? Smash the glass and physically or chemically separate the Uranium. The only reason they do glassification is to keep the material from becoming soluble in water that might one day enter the site.

      --
      There are 4 boxes to use in the defense of liberty: soap, ballot, jury, ammo. Use in that order. Starting now.
    48. Re:Finally by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      That's what humans consume externally. All the food we eat needs energy too. Plus all the plants, oceans, etc, all need sunlight. I imagine the ocean itself eats a massive amount of the solar energy, without that energy nothing will live, weather will get fucked, etc. Keeping the atmosphere warm, etc, etc, etc.

      I imagine that 89 PW gets sucked up real quick. We actually only have a fraction to work with.

    49. Re:Finally by torkus · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Are there GW level reactor designs based on materials available in sufficient quantity?

      A 2MW reactor using air cooling or a 800MW design that requires 1000 tons of ... meter-long nano-tubes (etc.) isn't going to help replace that 1GW coal plant any time soon.

      The general problem is still thermal sinks. A nuclear plant has a thermal efficiency somewhere around 33% so twice as much energy has to go somewhere other than the power substation. Let's take a moderately small plant with an output of 500MW ... which implies 1GW (thermal) has to be dissipated. Roughly you're looking at something like 12 million cubic meters per hour of airflow...assuming a 250C change in air inlet to output temp.

      Not meant to flame...i'm curious how the math makes large scale (non-evaporative) air-cooled thermal plants possible.

      --
      You can get rich if you own a politician, but you have to be rich to buy one in the first place.
    50. Re:Finally by wooferhound · · Score: 1

      Oh, Great . . .
      another way to warm the atmosphere up.

      --
      We are Dead Stars looking back Up at the Sky
    51. Re:Finally by rubycodez · · Score: 1

      fortunately, man's entire power consumption (and therefore power dissipation) is entirely negligible compared to input from the Sun. Global warming is due to too much of the Sun's energy being retained, not man's power plants directly heating the air.

    52. Re:Finally by rubycodez · · Score: 1

      no, not gigawatt, we'd have to build more of them.

      some in low hundreds of megawatts range, quite true they won't replace a dual 1 GW Unit PWRplant. and they take up LOTS of real estate with cold sink. Higher operating temperature increases thermal efficiency to 45 percent though

    53. Re:Finally by ender8282 · · Score: 5, Interesting

      That article isn't even consistent. Elsewhere It says that the total solar energy reaching earth is 3.8 YJ/year. The earth uses 500 Exa J /year. That means that the entire surface of the earth only produces about 1900x the power we need. If you factor out the oceans as 2/3 the earth's surface you are down to 633x our current power needs. (That doesn't even take into account that the south pole is a pretty lousy place to get solar energy because the sun's rays are never normal to it). Lets also assume that you don't want to kill forests. 30% of the earth's land is covered by forest [www.earth-policy.org/indicators/Forest/2006.htm]. That takes up down to 422x total energy needs. Take out for farmland it there will be less. And the worst part is that forestland and farmland are highly concentrated around places that have good sunlight. You don't see many trees in Antarctica. We probably could get enough energy but it isn't quite as large is you suggest.

    54. Re:Finally by maxume · · Score: 1

      Assuming there is just a little serious in your post: Directly heating the atmosphere isn't really a problem, trapping a little bit more of the heat the sun puts into it is the problem.

      For perspective, human power utilization is on the order of 15 terawatts (I'm not sure how efficiency factors into that number, but even then, 50 or 100 terawatts would be a sane upper number). The sun hits the earth with more than 100 petawatts of power (that's 100,000 terawatts).

      --
      Nerd rage is the funniest rage.
    55. Re:Finally by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Insightful

      What would help a lot is to get the NRC and various companies that produce reactor and genrating equipment together and establish a national standardized reactor design. You know, that approach that seems to have worked for France of all places. Once that's done, companies can compete on bids for parts and construction, but regardless of when and where it's built the primary circuit and controls/instruments will always be built exactly the same and to the same spec and same layout. No deviations. The secondary circuit pipe runs should essentially the same too. Perhaps the only allowable major design differences will be whether you're using evaporative cooling or using a nearby large body of water as the heat sink for the condensing side.

      Get this done, and doing construction approvals and safety inspections could be streamlined. No more dicking around trying to figure out how each separate facility does stuff, because they will be (or should be) exactly 100% the same. Inspectors would be more likely to know exactly what to look for. The training for maintenance and operation also would be less involved because once taught the operation and schematic for one plant, a technician would know them all.

    56. Re:Finally by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Interesting

      16 TW on average now. In the future?

      Here's my argument against solar as a long term base energy source: we have access to effectively unlimited energy on this planet, if we can just learn to harness it via fusion or some other to-be-discovered technology. What we don't have is unlimited access to land. Consider what having 5,000x times the currently available energy would mean: we could start doing things like ultra-high density vertical farming, freeing land currently put to agriculture. We could desalinate all the fresh water the world would ever need, and electrolyze enough hydrogen to power any fleet of hydrogen vehicles Detroit wants to dream up. We could easily synthesize polymers, purify metals, even transmute rare elements. All without land intensive practices like industrial farming and strip mining we survive on today. We can do all those things now, but because energy is an expensive, constrained resource, none of it is practical.

      I don't believe terrestrial solar can change that significantly. Fission power can't either, but it does lead us closer to the technologies that can.

    57. Re:Finally by maxume · · Score: 1

      I guess I just think a machine (or process, yadda yadda) that makes fine radioactive dust and then bathes it in acid is complicated.

      (from what I just read, vitrification uses borosilicate glass, which is nicely chemically inert, so you need to make an awfully fine powder if you want to get good separation, lest the glass protect some of the material)

      --
      Nerd rage is the funniest rage.
    58. Re:Finally by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

      and what about when the sun isn't shining. Are we going to transmit power from china to here? Battery technology isn't where it needs to be yet. Wind doesn't always blow. The reality is that we need ALL these sources of energy. Anyone who says solar/wind/nuclear/wave/clean coal is all we need is just beating their own drum.

    59. Re:Finally by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Informative

      Looking at history, it looks like the Soviet Union had the worst luck with Nuclear power and accidents.

      This is patently false. This meme self-propagates through careless use of wording.

      Chernobyl wasn't about luck, nor was it an accident.
      It is a tale of corruption (the project director falsified documents claiming all safety measures were implemented on schedule in order to get bonuses), poorly engineered experiments (the core shutdown experiment was conducted at the worst possible time, at the end of the fuel cycle, when the fuel rods emit the most waste heat that the cooling system then has to get rid of) and sheer managerial incompetence (the experiment had to be delayed for many hours, so they decided to conduct it anyway in the night, when night shift employees had not been trained for the experiment). Oh, and then they disabled some more safety features, inserted the control rods too deeply (causing xenon poisoning and lowering power output much below what was needed for the experiment), and then, in order to get enough power to conduct the experiment anyway, they withdrew the control rods far further than the safety specifications allowed, having to trigger a manual override to do so.

      There is more; I suggest you read up on it, for it is a very shameful (yet interesting) topic.

    60. Re:Finally by vux984 · · Score: 1

      89 PW of solar energy reaches the earth's surface.
      That's over 5,000x the power we need.

      I -also- support nuclear, and I realize you were (very effectively) countering the GPs assertion that not enough solar energy hits the earth, but I thought I'd add that an even more interesting number is the amount of solar energy that DOESN'T reach the earth and is radiated off into space.

      386,000 billion PW are emitted vs the mere 89PW that reach the earths surface. Space based solar collectors/reflectors/aggregators/transmitters/rebroadcasters... but large arrays of solar collectors around the sun... if we ever master that we'll have practically limitless power.

      But that's still sci-fi for now. And I too support nuclear for today.

    61. Re:Finally by Veggiesama · · Score: 1

      One prominent sociologist at a top university explained earnestly that he was no bigot but, of course, wouldn't want his sister to marry a Republican."

      Becoming a Republican is a choice, because it is a membership to an organization with a certain set of public beliefs and ideologies. It is not bigoted to say you disagree with those ideologies and hope that your close family members don't follow them (or become "tempted" by marrying one, I guess).

      Becoming gay is not a choice, according to both scientists studying human sexuality and the gays themselves. Being against homosexuals is like being against those with black skin or mental retardation--it is callous and ignorant of the facts.

      It's OK to criticize ideologies and those who follow ideologies. It's generally not OK to make sweeping presumptions about entire groups of people for things they are born with or cannot control.

    62. Re:Finally by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      why do you attempt to dispute these peoples when you your self cant even provide sources for the information you are purporting to provide

    63. Re:Finally by similar_name · · Score: 3, Insightful

      The amount of power delivered to the Earth from the sun is more than sufficient. The problem is, and ever has been, efficient conversion of that energy into a useful form.

      What I find interesting is that oil and coal both got their stored energy from the Sun. Even uranium was made from the energy of a star. Wind energy is from the Sun.

      Tidal wave energy is about the only thing I can think of that doesn't come from the Sun. Although I suppose we could take it a step further and say the Sun gets it's energy from gravity. Ultimately all energy it would seem comes from gravity. Just some random thoughts.

    64. Re:Finally by sirkha · · Score: 2, Informative

      I'll agree that Greenpeace is not an idiotic organization, but thats because they are very good at capitalizing on people's fears and the general ignorance of the world. Using two simple figures as above illustrates this point, as it makes many unreasonable assumptions, and doesn't emphasize the proper conclusion.

      Assuming that the above figures are correct and that half the solar panels will always be in the dark, we find the amount of surface area required to power mankind's average consumption. Searching google for:
      ((radius+of+earth)^2)*4*pi%2F2500+in+km^2

      gives us a area of 204 481 km^2.

      Then, for the sake of comparison, we grab a list of countries by total area, and compare.

      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_and_outlying_territories_by_total_area

      It turns out that just to meet current consumption would require covering an area the size of Romania with solar cells. Add on the fact that no solar cell is more than 50% efficient (i am rounding up from 41.1% http://dvice.com/archives/2009/01/germans_break_t.php ) and we end up covering at least all of Japan.

      So while nuclear power may not be sustainable, and is therefore impractical in the longrun, solar power is already impractical.

    65. Re:Finally by amRadioHed · · Score: 1

      No greenhouse gases are emitted if nuclear generated energy is used to mine and process the fuel.

      Also it's true that nuclear energy is more expensive than conventional energy sources, but those costs don't include the many externalities including the unknown future costs of global warming. I would be interested in seeing how the true costs per kw/h compare.

      --
      We hope your rules and wisdom choke you / Now we are one in everlasting peace
    66. Re:Finally by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      And.... If you call in the next 5 minutes... We'll double your order for free!!!

      (just pay the shipping and handling charges)

      So CALL NOW!!! we can't make this offer all day long..

    67. Re:Finally by rlp · · Score: 1

      Common sense prevails. Nuclear is the best option we have right now for clean, cheap, reliable energy

      Or maybe not.

      --
      [Insert pithy quote here]
    68. Re:Finally by Xzisted · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Well, if solar panels were 100% efficient then we would only have to cover 1.8% of the land on our planet for them to cover all our needs.

      Wait. The earth rotates with about 38% of the surface optimally bathed in sunlight at any given time. Doing the math on that means that we have to cover somewhere in the neighborhood of 4.2% of the land on the planet in 100% efficient panels to cover our needs 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.

      Oh wait, solar panels aren't 100% efficient. As a matter of fact, they aren't even nearly 20% efficient in most cases. Eh...back to the drawing board.

      I love the idea of cleaner energy as much as everyone else, however there are a few things that many people don't realize.

      1. Nuclear power is a known entity with known problems however it provides the most energy at the least cost in regards to both money and pollution.
      2. Covering signifigant portions of any land mass in solar panels (solar farms) leads to serious erosion problems and other issues that are not widely publicized as a large problem. It is a large problem, so much so that some solar farms are only producing at about 60% capacity due to equipment failures caused by panel foundations shifting and wind issues. Read the article in Wired.
      3. Wind farms can not adequately provide enough power to the grid to support everyone. In severely windy areas it can cause serious power spikes that our current power grid cannot handle potentially causing large scale outages. It is also worth noting that if you have an unusually non-windy month, your refrigerator might not turn on some nights. That sucks.
      4. Technology is not there yet with geothermal, waveform hydroelectric or any other technology you hear routinely mentioned as a solution to all our energy problems. They are at least 20-30 years off before they start providing any useful power and that is at the earliest.

      We get it. We need cleaner energy. Now, listen to those of us who agree with you but are more well informed: Nuclear is your first best option for the next three decades. Do you really feel like complaining about how bad coal and oil are for another 30 years?

      --X

      --

      Honesty may be the best policy, but apparently by elimination, dishonesty is the second best policy.
    69. Re:Finally by uvdiv_blog · · Score: 1

      I would be interested in seeing how the true costs per kw/h compare.

      There is a very thorough EU study comparing the external costs; the summary table is here.

    70. Re:Finally by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Insightful

      Humans consume 16 TW on average.

      89 PW of solar energy reaches the earth's surface.

      That's over 5,000x the power we need.

      (source).

      You hurt my brain.

      Do you seriously think you can capture a significant fraction of the sunlight hitting the earth's surface without affecting our climate?

      Assume as 'average' (probably very not) 20% efficiency.

      Now you need to capture .1% of the solar energy reaching the planet's surface (that's assuming that the number you quote doesn't count the heating of the atmosphere that doesn't involve light incident on the surface).

      The planet spins. That means you need roughly 2.4% of the light incident on the surface unless your .1% is geosynchronous somehow.

      Oh, and that doesn't account for weather (so you'll need more unless you want us to become extinct if there is an unfortunate combination of weather patterns)

      Or differences based on lattitude which mean that the percentage isn't strictly earth surface percentage. E.g. arctics pretty much don't count, tropics count more, but they will cost you more food production. In between needs to be derated based on how much light they see throughout the year.

      Let's say it goes by percentage earth surface. You're talking about 4752000 square miles. Derate that a couple of times, and you're talking about sixteen million square miles. Oh, and our energy use increases over time. At what point do your solar cells start blotting out ecosystems, trees, vegetables?

    71. Re:Finally by amRadioHed · · Score: 1

      Interesting link, thanks.

      --
      We hope your rules and wisdom choke you / Now we are one in everlasting peace
    72. Re:Finally by Xzisted · · Score: 4, Informative

      Ok. Quick list before I head home from my engineering job.

      Solar cell (photovoltaic) efficiencies.
      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_cell

      Power grid issues with Wind and Solar.
      http://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/10/business/10grid.html?_r=4&oref=slogin&oref=slogin
      http://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/27/business/27grid.html

      A host of nonpartisan (I'm independant BTW) issues can be found in the wikipedia articles for Geothermal and Tidal (waveform hydroelectric) power. Ironically enough, they can generate power, but are equally horrible for the environment in other ways. Not to mention they are extremely cost prohibitive in most circumstances.
      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geothermal_energy
      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen_sulfide

      Worldwide we are producing about 10GW of power using geothermal today. Overall, thats not alot. And geothermal has many construction and engineering hurdles to overcome that are different with EACH installation which increases costs and can reduce overall output. Technology can solve this problem, yet again, its not there yet. Not reliably anyways.

      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tidal_power
      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severn_Barrage
      http://www.reuk.co.uk/Severn-Barrage-Tidal-Power.htm
      Even if they start the Severn Barrage right this second, it would not be fully operational and completed until 2020 at the earliest. The construction costs are nearly $40 billion (24bn. pounds), and the total power output would be around 8.6GW under ideal circumstances. Output is dependant on variable scenarious such as weather (which can also cause damage) and current. Expected average output is about 2GW. Current nuclear technology can generate upwards of 1.4-1.5GW of power per reactor with multiple reactors built at each plant.
      http://www.reuk.co.uk/Severn-Barrage-Tidal-Power.htm

      So, about that extensive data you have seen. Want to provide some links that have hard numbers and are based in facts or do you want to sit over there and provide no helpful commentary yourself other than to say I'm wrong and you're right?

      --

      Honesty may be the best policy, but apparently by elimination, dishonesty is the second best policy.
    73. Re:Finally by Xzisted · · Score: 1

      Eh. I thought you replied to me. Ooops.

      --

      Honesty may be the best policy, but apparently by elimination, dishonesty is the second best policy.
    74. Re:Finally by jhol13 · · Score: 1

      [...] correspondingly [small] are the environmental impacts [of mining].

      http://uraanitieto.tormunet.fi/encc/Uranium%20Mining%20November%202007%20CRIIRAD.pdf

      I disagree.

    75. Re:Finally by jhol13 · · Score: 2, Insightful

      We do not need russians in the equation.

      Every nuclear facility has probability of catastrophic accident. It is a positive number, usually written as "once every XXX years". Now just multiply that number with needed number of nuclear reactors for the whole world and you'll get a number which is IMHO far too small (bad accident every few tens of years).

      I am a proponent of nuclear energy, but not a naive one, we *really* do need wind, solar, conservation ...

    76. Re:Finally by TerranFury · · Score: 3, Interesting

      and what about when the sun isn't shining.

      I kind of like concentrated solar-thermal power (CSP) more than photovoltaics. And with CSP, you can basically store heat from the sun in the form of, e.g. liquid salt, and use that to run your generators at night.

    77. Re:Finally by TerranFury · · Score: 1

      That's what humans consume externally. All the food we eat needs energy too. Plus all the plants, oceans, etc, all need sunlight. I imagine the ocean itself eats a massive amount of the solar energy, without that energy nothing will live, weather will get fucked, etc. Keeping the atmosphere warm, etc, etc, etc.

      We can use all the 'solar energy' we want and it will have zero impact on the amount of heat entering the atmosphere. Because we're not really using energy, colloquial usage notwithstanding. What we're using is exergy; that is, we're creating entropy. Energy is conserved, and it all necessarily ends up as heat.

      Plants do need exergy. But surely we don't need to cover the entire surface of the globe with solar cells; covering just the Sahara, or just New Mexico, would do. Even these are too huge to be realistic, I know, but the point is that you hardly need to cover the entire surface of the Earth.

      Also, all the other renewables -- wind, hydro, you-name-it -- are just solar in disguise.

      (Two exceptions: (1) Tidal can extract mechanical energy stored in the Earth-moon system, and (2) geothermal harnesses heat energy stored in the earth (which may or may not be generated ultimately by radioactive decay; we don't know)).

    78. Re:Finally by Nadaka · · Score: 1

      Only an idiot would try to use photo-voltaic cells for large scale power generation. Solar thermal is much more efficient and has the advantage of being able to use heat sequestering with molten salt or oil to power a turbine 24/7.

    79. Re:Finally by rgarbacz · · Score: 1

      I think that it is dangerous for humankind to depend on one type of energy source. So I would say "yes" for solar panels, wind, water related sources, etc. but also "yes" for nuclear power (at least as a backup).

      Regarding the solar power it is true that a small portion of Sahara covered with panels would be enough, despite all the issues with the atmosphere absorption, spectrum usability, panels efficiency, etc., but the best if in space, so it would additionally boost the space technology.

    80. Re:Finally by mOdQuArK! · · Score: 1

      And with CSP, you can basically store heat from the sun in the form of, e.g. liquid salt, and use that to run your generators at night.

      I always thought it would be cool to use a massive flywheel (or many massive flywheels) to store all that energy during the day - plus you'll get an awesome YouTube video if one of your flywheels disintegrates!

    81. Re:Finally by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Great idea dickhead! So when are you going to let Iran and North Korea have nuclear power?

    82. Re:Finally by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Rubbish, The nuclear industry is heavily financed, if nuclear is so viable why transfer disposal costs to defence budgets? Why indemnify the industry from liability: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Price-Anderson_Nuclear_Industries_Indemnity_Act. Answer: Because if the industry was forced to buy insurance at market value then the industry would not be viable.

    83. Re:Finally by Elitist · · Score: 1

      Therefore we should increase mass to increase power. -- Time to eat lots of food from other solar systems...it is the ultimate in energy tribute. As a side note, it could also be pointed out that the sun's energy in nuclear.

    84. Re:Finally by sjs132 · · Score: 5, Insightful

      I blew away my mods just to reply to YOU.

      WHERE in your calculations do you account for cost of installation?

      Where is your cost of batteries for non-sunny days?

      Where is your ongoing maintenance costs? (Someone has to climb up and clean the panels occasionally!)

      What if you live in a valley?

      Solar may be nice in certain areas, but it is not as efficient as you portray it to be. You state 18 years of free energy over a 30 year life span... Where are your facts to back this up? I want to see some REAL figures! Oh, and don't even bother to include government incentives! That's not fair math, that's fuzzy math!

      This does not have to be a "No Nukes", solar and wind only argument, but if you are presenting it like that, then bring the facts to the table. ALL energy sources are needed, not one size fits all.

      --
      --- Relax, that mass muderer is just trying to reduce our carbon footprint, one fetus at a time...
    85. Re:Finally by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yeah but we really don't need nukes flying around all over the place. The weaponized kind.
      Fission may be the only practical solution now still.

    86. Re:Finally by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yeah cause it's gravity that creates the photons and heat after two atoms fuse. Gravity may start the nuclear fusion that drives stars but it sure as shit isn't making it itself.

    87. Re:Finally by Waccoon · · Score: 1

      Wait. The earth rotates with about 38% of the surface optimally bathed in sunlight at any given time.

      Should be enough for the relatively same number of people who are awake at any given time.

    88. Re:Finally by DNS-and-BIND · · Score: 1
      This is one of the fallacies addressed in the article. You didn't read it, did you? Seriously, replace "sister marries a Republican" with "black man" and you get bigotry.

      If one cannot be bigoted towards self-selecting groups, then it would seem to be OK to despise all Southerners (who have chosen not to relocate west or north) and all Harvard economics professors (who have chosen to get Ph.D's.) I didn't choose to be a Republican any more than I chose to be a Jew. My family has been Republican (and Jewish) for several generations. Being a Republican is part and parcel of how I was raised and of who I am.

      The sad fact of the matter is that many progressive Democrats are intolerant and mean toward those with whom they disagree politically.

      --
      Shutting down free speech with violence isn't fighting fascism. It IS fascism!
    89. Re:Finally by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Here in Spain, wind power generation surpassed nuclear a few months ago (and we have about 9 working nuclear reactors). Now it represents about a third of total power generation.

      Comparing renovable energy sources all together as a whole is not fair, considering they are quite different. Solar energy is still a joke, but wind farms are a real option that is working today. Of course, they still can't provide 100% of energy needed, but combined with other technologies they're a very good choice, and much cheaper than nuclear, which is very, very expensive to build/maintain, and not much flexible when it comes to manage the full grid (starting/stopping a nuclear reactor is a difficult process, and when on they always work at 100% capacity).

    90. Re:Finally by sFurbo · · Score: 3, Informative

      No, the sun gets its energy from fusion, so that would be the strong nuclear force.

    91. Re:Finally by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      And you're crusading on the opposite side, buster. Links or shut up.

    92. Re:Finally by sFurbo · · Score: 1

      Well, there are two exceptions - inputs of concrete, whose manufacture necessarily emits CO2, in the reduction of CaCO3 -> CaO + CO2

      Doesn't it reuptake the CO2 during curing? So the only CO2 emition is for heating the CaCO3?

    93. Re:Finally by TheTurtlesMoves · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Everyone still seems to forget; nuclear is *not* cheap. Its is very expensive. Depending on how you slice the numbers (decommission and waste management costs), it is not clear that nuclear is cheaper/better than solar or wind. (which also means it is not clear that solar/wind is better/cheaper than nuclear....)

      I am in favour of both options.

      But i really would like to see the next generation of nuclear plants rather than these old designs staying the status quo....

      --
      The Grey Goo disaster happened 3 billion years ago. This rock is covered in self replicating machines!
    94. Re:Finally by TheTurtlesMoves · · Score: 1

      We can also start using thorium fuel cycles with gives us 1000s or years of fuel and better sources than that ~1% U mines...

      --
      The Grey Goo disaster happened 3 billion years ago. This rock is covered in self replicating machines!
    95. Re:Finally by Yvanhoe · · Score: 2, Insightful

      clean, cheap, reliable

      Choose two.
      It is a good transitional energy. Let's use it while we focus on making renewable energy economically viable.

      --
      The Wise adapts himself to the world. The Fool adapts the world to himself. Therefore, all progress depends on the Fool.
    96. Re:Finally by MrKaos · · Score: 4, Informative

      I do. See for example the IPCC 4th assessment report, working group 3, chapter 4 "Energy Supply". In particular 4.3.2 pp. 269-270 "Nuclear Power", and also the summary graph Figure 4.19 on page 283, which compares the lifecycle CO2 emissions per unit energy of different primary sources.

      The conclusions reached in that chapter are based on Vattenfall and they build nuclear power plants so it's not surprising the results favor nuclear power. Whilst they are the best run nuclear reactors in the world and an example of what a *baseline* nuclear program should look like, U.S reactors fall dreadfully short.

      The work of Vattenfall *and* Storm van Leeuwen and Smith, upon which that chapter cites as references, both use the same method to calculate energy consumption funded by the National Science Foundation and the Department of Energy and are used in 80 odd industry sectors. The exceptionally detailed work of Dr Phillip Smith, Nuclear Physicist and Jan Willem Storm van Leeuwen (MSc) (Stormsmith.nl), who both work in the nuclear industry and have specialisation on energy system analysis, is mostly ignored in the IPCC report. They have no vested interest in the outcome whilst Vattenfall does.

      Their criticisms of Vattenfall include "Process analysis leads to a large underestimation of the total construction energy requirements when labor and supporting activities of the construction are not included".

      One thing that is not immediately obvious is that the primary greenhouse gas from the Nuclear industry is not Carbon Dioxide but Chlorinated Fluro-Carbons (CFC114) a greenhouse gas 20,000 times more potent than C02. Whilst it's equivalent effect is slightly over 8 megatons of C02 more potent is the destruction this compound causes to the ozone layer and it's eventual effect on Phytoplankton which creates more breathable oxygen than the Amazon.

      If that wasn't serious enough, long term it's not radiation but radioactive isotopes that will eventually make it into the food chain via bioaccumulation. As the hidden cost of carbon is imposed on our generation in the form of a Carbon tax, so we pass on a cost to future generation forced to have to deal with radioactive isotopes and other environmental externalities. Wouldn't it be better to develop a longer term strategy wrt Nuclear power than we currently have that actually addresses the very real problems the industry has?

      This isn't surprising at all, when you consider the extreme energy density of nuclear fission.

      Which is only relevant if you use the energy density of the enriched isotope and currently PWR use 0.3% of the available energy density. This brings us back to Storm van Leeuwen and Smith whose analysis was to asses the net energy return of the Nuclear industry. For example, for the expected 300TWh's output of a new AP-1000 (low side Vattenfall, high side Storm/Smith) energetic estimates for construction of a nuclear power plant is somewhere between 11TWh and 35TWh, energy cost for demolition around 55TWh to 70TWh, that's around a third before you start. Yet you still have to factor dismantling and clean up of the core alone 5.6TWh's - 16TWh's. They talk in Peta-joules but I've done the conversions to put it in a frame of reference that will be easier to understand.

      Using a conservative energy expenditure of 1528Kwh per ton of rock (containing Uranium) you have to process 500 tons of rock, that's 763500Kwh's, to produce one kilo of Uranium. Assuming an extremely optimistic extraction efficiency approaching %50 AND assuming you have a high grade ore that's roughly 763Gwh's per ton and you need 160tons for your first core. Even before enri

      --
      My ism, it's full of beliefs.
    97. Re:Finally by Eunuchswear · · Score: 1

      Holy brainfuck batman... If there were more nuclear power, they wouldn't need to use power generated by fucking oil and coal plants.

      Which is exactly what they did in France - the first power generating plants were build to power the enrichment plant.

      Like you say, it's a fucking obvious idea, you'd have to be brain dead not to think of it.

      --
      Watch this Heartland Institute video
    98. Re:Finally by TeknoHog · · Score: 2, Interesting

      True, but fusion in the sun is made possible by gravitational containment :)

      --
      Escher was the first MC and Giger invented the HR department.
    99. Re:Finally by sFurbo · · Score: 1

      Yes, but the energy doesn't come from that, any more than the spark plug supplies the energy to run your car (unless you believe the "free energy" folks and fuel your car with water).

    100. Re:Finally by GordonCopestake · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Where do you think all that coal and oil came from? We ARE using solar power, just OLD solar power. Hopefully by the time the old solar power runs out we'll know how to use new solar power.

    101. Re:Finally by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Well, if solar panels were 100% efficient then we would only have to cover 1.8% of the land on our planet for them to cover all our needs.

      I'd like to see how you calculated your figures. In particular, that 1.8% of the earth land needs to be covered with 100% efficient solar panels, as I got wildly different figures. Or in Wikipedia-speak, citation please. Now, to show a bit of fairness, here are my calculations.

      Your parent post said that world energy (not merely electricity) usage is about 16TW which corresponds with this Wikipedia article on world energy consumption. Your parent post also mentioned that 89 PW reaches the earth's surface (land and ocean) which is backed by the Wikipedia article on Solar energy.

      Therefore, only 16TW/89000TW=0.00018=0.018% of earth's surface area (land/sea) needs to be covered with 100% efficient solar panels. You seem to have gotten the answer wrong by two orders of magnitude. But let's keep going on...

      Due to Insolation, you wanted to increase by a factor of 2.33 the surface area. Fair enough, so we now need to cover 0.042% of the earth's surface.

      And land only encompasses 30% of the earth's surface (assuming we don't want to put floating solar panels and/or on the ocean), so we now need 0.14% of the earth's surface.

      And solar panels aren't 100% efficient, so let's assume a fair figure of 10% (higher and lower are available). So now we need an area of 1.4% of the earth's surface area. Damn, night time, okay double it to 2.8%.

      Now, listen to those of us who agree with you but are more well informed: Nuclear is your first best option for the next three decades.

      Now, 2.8% is nothing to be sneezed at. It's a lotta land, but it's significantly better than what you give it credit for. Now, can you either put forth your calculations or take back your sly remark about being better informed?

      Now, here's a less flamebait and realistic way of living sustainably on this world of ours.

      • No silver bullet. We'll need solar, wind, geothermal, hydro/tidal, biomass and possibly more.
      • Your quip about geothermal is either wrong or wildly misleading. No-one is suggesting that the world can run off geothermal alone. But it is currently being used very successfully in Iceland and other places on earth (where they mightn't have solar power).
      • Wind energy has the disadvantage that it's very peaky, but that can be (partially) controlled first by the energy grid, then by storing excess energy on-site via flywheels/batteries/pumping-water and then by turning on biomass power generators.
      • The most cost-effective solar isn't actually photo-voltaic cells, but boring mirrors onto molten salt which has the advantage it can keep working through the night using stored heat.
      • The most exciting development is potentially extracting oil (or other hydrocarbons) from algae. Because frankly speak, the energy density of hydrocarbon kicks arse, pity we're wasting it on heating homes rather than in fuel cells for transportation (where we actually care about the weight).
    102. Re:Finally by MightyDrunken · · Score: 3, Informative
      Well the grandparent post is talking about EROEI, while the article you present gives the ROI. A source for EROEI for you. Sounds a bit on the optimistic side to me but it's something.

      Finally the RICS study gives figures at the other end of the extreme. I can't find how they calculated the figures but they seem well off. I do know that they did not take into account raising fuel prices, the money you can get from returning power to the grid and government subsides.

      A quote from the independent article for a proponent of the other side is, "He (Jeremy Leggett, executive chairman of Solar Century) estimated the current payback of power-generating PV panels was 13 years."
      I hate ironing too, get no iron clothes they are great!

    103. Re:Finally by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      One thing is certain, I am glad there are regulations in place. You forgot to account for accidents like Chernobyl in your argument, and yes without regulations companies will get away with the least amount of robustness building the reactors to maximize profits.

    104. Re:Finally by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      There is no market for small claims insurance in the nuclear power industry, because the claims history is too short for it to be well understood.

    105. Re:Finally by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      OK fine lets build it in YOUR backyard not mine. You can also store the waste there too. After all you said the waste was clean. I'm sure you won't mind.

    106. Re:Finally by Ihlosi · · Score: 1

      OK fine lets build it in YOUR backyard not mine.

      You don't seem to understand how to profit from a nuclear plant. You need to be either against building it at all, or for having it built in your backyard. Why? If it gets built, you only get the tax revenue if it is in your backyard. If it blows up, your backyard is toast even if the plant was in your neighbors backyard.

    107. Re:Finally by cashman73 · · Score: 1
      Are there GW level reactor designs based on materials available in sufficient quantity?

      Well, there is the "Doc Brown Design", built into the rear end of a DeLorean. Should be capable of generating the 1.21 gigawatts of electricity necessary to run the flux capacitor. But we should be able to get Mr. Fusion in about 2015, so I wouldn't worry about it!

    108. Re:Finally by plague3106 · · Score: 1

      Ya, because THAT will make up for all the energy we'll need as our population continues to grow, and we get more technologically advanced (which will require more energy).

    109. Re:Finally by plague3106 · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Except that solar panels now are very inefficent compared to a nuclear plant, and require a HUGE amount of space compared to a nuclear plant. Whats with this irrational fear of nuclear power?

    110. Re:Finally by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I think you need to redefine your definition of clean...unless you think that nuclear waste has a minty aftertaste.

      Other than that I'm in agreement with you (except for the "best option" part as well)

      So, okay, "Nuclear energy is an option for cheap, reliable energy" = TRUE;

    111. Re:Finally by Muad'Dave · · Score: 2, Funny

      Solar thermal is much more efficient and has the advantage of being able to use heat sequestering with molten salt or oil...

      Plus everyone can deep fry their turkeys for free.

      --
      Tiller's Rule: Never use a word in written form that you've only heard and never read. You will end up looking foolish.
    112. Re:Finally by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Well, if solar panels were 100% efficient then we would only have to cover 1.8% of the land on our planet for them to cover all our needs.

      Pardon me, but according to the post you were replying to, there are 89PW of solar power hitting the earth, and only 16TW average human consumption of power.

      As he says, there's a factor of 5000 between the two. That means we only need 1/5000th of the incident solar power. In other words, only 0.018% -- not the 1.8% you claim. I'm afraid you're off by two orders of magnitude (assuming the original numbers were correct), and this error carries through the rest of your calculations.

      Still think solar power is patently ridiculous?

    113. Re:Finally by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I'm not sure what you meant, but the economic ROI is around 7-9 years (give or take, depending on the technology and the location), while the energy payback is between 8 months and 2 years, thin films having the shortest one.

    114. Re:Finally by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I'm pretty sure covering even 1/5000 of the surface of the earth with solar power cells (which would have to be 100% efficient) would be far more damaging to the ecosystem then any amount of nuclear waste.

    115. Re:Finally by plague3106 · · Score: 0

      What fucking nonsense is this? Nuclear is the SECOND CHEAPEST WAY TO GENERATE POWER, and just barely beat out BTW: http://www.raeng.org.uk/news/publications/list/reports/Cost_of_Generating_Electricity.pdf

      I'd like the newer reactors to be used as well, but we have fucking tree hugging FUD spreading hippies actively trying to shut down plants which are producing power. http://www.wind-watch.org/news/2008/11/26/closing-vy-could-raise-power-costs/

      Notice that renewable energy would cost DOUBLE what we get from Vermont Yankee now.

    116. Re:Finally by sjames · · Score: 1

      Solar has it's place, but just imagine the environmental devastation of covering 3% of the Earth's landmass with solar panels and several TW worth of transmission lines. It would need to be that much since whatever part of the Earth was in full daylight would have to power the parts where it's dark and because solar cells are nowhere near 100% efficient.

      Solar has a place in things and should be used more, but it's not a 100% solution to the problem.

    117. Re:Finally by sjames · · Score: 1

      Further, in the U.S. we waste 95% of the nuclear fuel we produce by refusing to reprocess it. Right now, it's sitting in storage. If we go with breeder technology, we can also use the massive stockpiles of depleted uranium left over from producing enriched uranium for bombs and submarine reactors.

    118. Re:Finally by sorak · · Score: 1

      I agree with you about nuclear energy, or at least feel that it is a viable solution, but your problem in dismissing all the alternatives is that you seem to be making it an all or nothing deal. If we expect to gain 100% of our power from any one technology, then we will see a problem in the next 100 years, and the next century will be a fight between people who want to stick with what we have, damn the consequences, and those who say that it's time to move on to the next thing. (I am referring to peak production, unforeseen environmental consequences, and the emergence of more efficient technologies)
      .
      At least getting energy from a variety of sources (including Nuclear) will accomplish a couple of things. Because we are not going to blanket the world in one specific type of factory, we will not have to face environmental issues on a global scale, as we are now, and diversified technologies will prevent us from becoming dependent upon one technology and flying into a state of analysis paralysis (like the one we have now), when the time comes to change.

    119. Re:Finally by Muad'Dave · · Score: 1

      I have two reactors in my (extended) back yard, and they're building a third. More power to them (no pun intended). They're 20 miles upwind of me. I also have two more 50 miles southeast of me.

      Note that the new reactor is an Economic Simplified Boiling Water Reactor, which:

      ... uses natural circulation with no recirculation pumps or their associated piping, thereby greatly increasing design integrity and reducing overall costs.

      and

      All of the safety systems operate without using pumps, thereby further increasing design safety reliability and reducing costs.

      I wish it was going to be an IFR (breeder), but maybe I'll see them in my lifetime.

      --
      Tiller's Rule: Never use a word in written form that you've only heard and never read. You will end up looking foolish.
    120. Re:Finally by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I have seen reports both ways... And that report is total *$&#. Figures are just pulled out of thin air or major disagreements swept under the carpet (Like the latest contract indicates 2x costs over our estimates... but it will be cheaper in the future...). It never takes into account anything costing more than estimate despite the fact that none of the current plants got close to finished for the quoted cost. Then they add a bunch of extra "costs" to solar and wind for "capacity when not operating" but don't add similar costs for peek power capacity required for nuclear. And cost for waste management and/or fuel reprocessing? They just assert they include decommissioning cost without a reference (that i can find).

      Slice the numbers in a different way, and you get a different result. And I wouldn't be any more wrong than this report.

    121. Re:Finally by HungryHobo · · Score: 1

      Fun but impractical.
      It just isn't energy dense enough.

    122. Re:Finally by Khashishi · · Score: 1

      5000x is hardly enough. IIRC a commercial PV might have an efficiency of 10%. The USA has an area of less than 2% of the Earth's surface. (Latitude matters too, but I'm neglecting that.) That means you'll need to cover one-tenth the USA to provide the energy humans need. That's not at all realistic, completely blocking out vast sections of wilderness. In a solar farm, we could probably only cover a fraction of the land with solar panels, because you need space between the panels. That would increase the land needed.

      Also, the 89PW number you quoted, where's that from? I calculate about half that, using solar irradiance of 342W/m^2 and radius 6378km.

    123. Re:Finally by HungryHobo · · Score: 1

      so you're saying that there will be less push for fusion et all if nuclear does too well?

    124. Re:Finally by Jedi+Alec · · Score: 1

      I didn't choose to be a Republican any more than I chose to be a Jew. My family has been Republican (and Jewish) for several generations. Being a Republican is part and parcel of how I was raised and of who I am.

      And here we have one of the main issues with democracy in the USA...80% of the electorate votes consistently for the same half of the 2-party system their parents vote for as well.

      --

      People replying to my sig annoy me. That's why I change it all the time.
    125. Re:Finally by HungryHobo · · Score: 1

      My favorite is orbital power stations too but re the sahara:
      ever wonder what sand-blasting does to a solar pannel?

    126. Re:Finally by HungryHobo · · Score: 1

      The fun starts when whatever country controls the solar fields in one region builds a few nuke plants for it's own use then holds the rest of the world over a barrel for access to the solar power.

    127. Re:Finally by HungryHobo · · Score: 1

      covering the sahara is great for about 4 hours out of the 24 during which the world needs energy.
      Any plan for the rest of the time.
      While the sun is over the pacific things could get interesting.

    128. Re:Finally by HungryHobo · · Score: 1

      next to that "5000 times human needs" crap it's like lighting a match in the middle of a firestorm.

    129. Re:Finally by similar_name · · Score: 1

      Silly me, I thought fusion resulted when when there was enough mass that gravity could overcome the weak nuclear force and allow atoms to fuse. How come fusion is so hard to achieve on earth then?

    130. Re:Finally by similar_name · · Score: 1

      So your saying if you removed Gravity, the Sun's fusions reactor would keep going. I don't buy that.

    131. Re:Finally by plague3106 · · Score: 2, Informative

      Oh, you disagree with the report, so its BS. I get it. I haven't seen any reports stating anything else.

      What I've seen is actual cost charged per KWH when buying from nuclear compared to buy from a wind farm. Thats not estimates, thats actual cost right now today. Why do you suddenly think wind will become cheaper in the long run than it is now?

      I've at least provide links; you've provided nothing except "oh, its all BS."

      Its interesting that people don't want to hear the truth, and go with the overrated mod.

    132. Re:Finally by dasunt · · Score: 1

      Every nuclear facility has probability of catastrophic accident. It is a positive number, usually written as "once every XXX years". Now just multiply that number with needed number of nuclear reactors for the whole world and you'll get a number which is IMHO far too small (bad accident every few tens of years).

      Look at the current situation though.

      The output of each coal power plants ends up killing people each year, if the coal plant is operating correctly. Multiply that by all the coal power plants in the US.

      Then compare that to a bad US accident (Three Mile Island, for example).

      One is far worse than the other.

      By the way, expensive power has a health and environmental cost as well. While cheap fuel may have contributed to urban sprawl in the US (bad for the environment), cheap power also allows us to use energy intensive processes that are more environmentally friendly.

    133. Re:Finally by Ihlosi · · Score: 1
      Silly me, I thought fusion resulted when when there was enough mass that gravity could overcome the weak nuclear force and allow atoms to fuse.

      Nope, it's the electromagnetic force (which repels the positively charges nuclei) that needs to be overcome.

    134. Re:Finally by similar_name · · Score: 1

      Unfortunately I realized that only after I hit submit.

    135. Re:Finally by djdavetrouble · · Score: 1

      Whats with this irrational fear of nuclear power?

      Its not the power we are afraid of, it is the radioactive waste.

      --
      music lover since 1969
    136. Re:Finally by plague3106 · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Which we haven't had a problem dealing with since we started building the plants. And if we we get with the program, newer style reactors bring the halflife for the waste down to 10 years... but we can't get there if people are actively trying to get the existing plants shut down.

    137. Re:Finally by pizzach · · Score: 1

      Every nuclear facility has probability of catastrophic accident. It is a positive number, usually written as "once every XXX years".

      Yes, yes there is. Keep in mind I was talking about how much each accident sets progress back. Not how often they occur.

      How 3 Mile Island turned out is unforgivable and was a public relations disaster. Babcock & Wilcox single-handedly stopped the development of nuclear power in the US. During a time when they needed to be at their best they screwed up.

      --
      Once you start despising the jerks, you become one.
    138. Re:Finally by Xzisted · · Score: 1

      I see your point. My suggestion is that the MAIN focus right now should be getting Nuclear power in place as the primary replacement for coal/oil. Wind, Geothermal, Tidal and Solar should be pursued at the same time as a replacement/augmentation of Nuclear, but people really need to stop looking at them as equals which are ready for prime time deployment. The fact is that technologically speaking they are not and the cost to manufacture and maintain the newer technologies is much higher and they will change signifigantly in design and effectiveness before a standard is settled and costs cut.

      --

      Honesty may be the best policy, but apparently by elimination, dishonesty is the second best policy.
    139. Re:Finally by pizzach · · Score: 1

      Thanks for the reply. I had to do some reading on nuclear accidents a few years ago, but the details have grown a bit fuzzy. Yeah, a grouped it under accident because that was where Wikipedia put it. A appreciate you pointing it out.

      --
      Once you start despising the jerks, you become one.
    140. Re:Finally by joocemann · · Score: 1

      It looks like people in replies to my post have already provided the evidence.

      Welcome to knowledge.

    141. Re:Finally by sorak · · Score: 1

      I wasn't thinking fusion specifically. It may be an exception, since, it may get lumped in under the "nuclear" umbrella.

      I am saying:
            A. No solution is perfect and there is no reason why we should expect all the world's power to come from one source.
            B. That we should be careful not to put all our eggs in one basket, as this will lead to a repeat of what is happening now (namely that we have known for decades that we should move to new technology, and are fighting it for as long as possible).

    142. Re:Finally by sorak · · Score: 1

      I can see that. Do something about today's problems, while planning for tomorrow's problems. That makes perfect sense.

    143. Re:Finally by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I'm not against nuclear energy in the least bit but you're overlooking one of the best features of solar panels which is that you can put them on top of your house.

      What percentage of the earth's surface is already covered by roofs?

      I'm not saying it's the solution, but at some point, battery technology and solar cell efficiency should be able to power a single family residence. Save the nuclear power plants to power the industrial and commercial sectors.

    144. Re:Finally by rgarbacz · · Score: 1

      True, additionally there is an issue of a long distance energy transportation. But what I wanted to point out is that the Earth receives really a lot of Solar energy, and the area for solar panels is not a problem.

      But I do support nuclear power plants, especially the Molten Salt Type. This is the only alternative for now regarding the Earth climate and civilization growth.
      I would welcome calculations regarding CO2 emission (including manufacturing and construction) for all the available energy sources. I bet nuclear power plants are close to the lowest if not the lowest.

    145. Re:Finally by mOdQuArK! · · Score: 1

      Even on a large enough scale? Or do larger flywheels end up with less energy density?

      Would flywheels be an interesting storage device in space, without friction due to gravity supports & in a vacuum?

    146. Re:Finally by spidercoz · · Score: 1

      If and when we actually do achieve Type II Civilization status, it won't matter.

      --
      "I disapprove of what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it." - Evelyn Beatrice Hall, re Voltaire
    147. Re:Finally by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      No, as wiki says, the final cement product is calcium silicates, CaO . nSiO2 - there is no CO2 in there. There is CaO ("lime"), which is from reducing limestone as described, and SiO2, silica, which is sand.

    148. Re:Finally by HungryHobo · · Score: 1

      The problem is what when you start to get up to useful energy densities you also run into the problem that even if you make your flywheel out of solid steel or whatever your favourite strong material is you have to spin them so fast they tear apart.
      Think about a hundred ton steel flywheel spinning fast enough to store energy to run a factory overnight.
      Now think about the kind of damage that could be done when this thing gets old, develops crack and then one day explodes releasing all that energy at once.

    149. Re:Finally by HungryHobo · · Score: 1

      One day if we ever have the kind of nanotech people dream about allowing machines which build machines which build machines which build whatever you want then turning the sand of the sahara and a few other big deserts into solar panels will be the way to go but not really yet.

    150. Re:Finally by edesio · · Score: 1

      An interesting alternative is "Molten salt reactor" (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molten_salt_reactor). There are, at least, two videos from google tech talks about them: Liquid Fluoride Reactors: A New Beginning for an Old Idea (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8F0tUDJ35So) and The Liquid Fluoride Thorium Reactor: What Fusion Wanted To Be (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AHs2Ugxo7-8&feature=channel_page).

    151. Re:Finally by mOdQuArK! · · Score: 1

      That doesn't sound like much of a different problem than what you've got with the big turbine generators, or those huge diesel engines. Wouldn't it be enough to just have ways of monitoring the stress on the components & have regular maintenance/replacement schedules? This aspect sounds more like a cost-effectiveness issue.

      Also, on the ground at least, I read about a company that was installing their flywheels buried sideways in the ground, so that if the flywheel destroyed itself, most of the kinetic energy would be absorbed by the ground around it. (Probably wouldn't be so useful in space.)

      As far as useful energy densities, I thought I read somewhere else that material science research similar to the sort looking for materials strong enough to make space elevator cable would help making a flywheels with reasonable energy densities while still being safe.

    152. Re:Finally by joocemann · · Score: 1

      I hardly have the time to help you look up at the sky to see the obvious blue you're trying not to see. Hit Google Scholar and look up some published research. Ignore media articles, go for the evidence, go for the research articles.

      Sorry, I'm too busy to spoonfeed this evening.

    153. Re:Finally by HungryHobo · · Score: 1

      well if you want to make it entirely from carbon nanotubes or some such then it might work but I'm betting would cost a fortune.
      Flywheels made of regular materials are ok for some things. To be used as large UPS's but for a city? forget about it.

    154. Re:Finally by geekoid · · Score: 1

      Solar cells? screw that, go Industrial solar thermal.

      solar cells, yeah, thats' nice for road signs and some homes, but lets get real here. We need a base load poswer replacement. That should be industrial solar thermal, and IFRs.
      In 10 years w could literally not need any coal plants for our electricity needs, in 20 be completely removed for any overseas need for oil.

      What we need is a massive government initiative and to just do it. Everything else is in place.

      --
      The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
    155. Re:Finally by geekoid · · Score: 1

      If I am using 100% of the solar cell to power my home, where does this mythic 'extra energy' come from?
      And it's not 'relatively free'.

      --
      The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
    156. Re:Finally by geekoid · · Score: 1

      "Ok. Quick list before I head home from my engineering job."
      Could you be more vague?

      Do you operate a train? do maintenance engineering? design roads? bridges? software? do you ahve a PE?

      It seems like a poor attempt at Argument from authority.

      I don't think Geo thermal or tidal will work on the scale we need globally.

      Geo is location based. I don't think digger another 50 plus feet under every home is practical, so home Geo wont see wide scale.

      Tidal requires a hell of a lot of moving parts, in salt water. The maintenance will be a lot higher then Solar thermal.

      Not that they're not possible, they certainly our,. just more expensive and less practical then alternatives.

      Industrial SOlar thermal will.

      --
      The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
    157. Re:Finally by geekoid · · Score: 1

      It is cheap. New reactor technolgies mean we can get very little waste, thats not very radioactive that returns to background radiation levels in less then 200 years.
      Actually it's really simple to store.

      This particular desing was started in the 80s. So now that they get the go, they are continuing with that design.
      Yes going to an IFR would be awesome, but the environmentalist are so damn stupid, ignorant and loud getting permission for a new reactor would take years. SO instead we have this reactor; which is fine, just behind the times.

      --
      The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
    158. Re:Finally by geekoid · · Score: 1

      OK, but I need to get paid for the land lease.

      If it were up to me, I would put IFR's in downtown cities Because, it's that safe.

      seriously.

      --
      The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
    159. Re:Finally by joocemann · · Score: 1

      You're bad at understanding, so I'll try to make it simple.

      If the cost of the cell, and the ability to recycle it into a new working cell, is LESS than the money it saves -- then there is a relatively free gain to be had.

      In the case of solar cells, relative to energy costs, they pay for themselves (and recycle) completely within 10 years... This means the next 18 years it will produce energy for you at no further cost to you.

      This means, if you don't get it yet, that you don't have to PAY for that energy because it is coming to you for free (being that the panel already paid for itself in the first 10 years).

      If you can pretend that you don't pay energy bills for your current supplies for energy, then you might make sense... But you don't.

      I'm glad to have helped you.

  3. on track, on time, and on budget... by clone53421 · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Inconceivable!

    --
    Alexander Peter Kristopeit bought his basement from his mommy for one dollar.
    1. Re:on track, on time, and on budget... by Red+Flayer · · Score: 4, Insightful

      1.5 years into a 5-year project, the project is on-time and under-budget?

      Quite conceivable, especially since the main contractors (Bechtel, Siemens, Westinghouse) are not operating on cost-plus contracts. But this early into a project, it is a bit premature to assume that it'll continue to be under-budget and on-time. But who knows, maybe it will be. The reputation of the contractors (especially Bechtel, as primary contractor for most of the work) depends on it. This is especially important given that the market for construction of nuclear facilities in the US has the potential to, um, explode over the next decade or two.

      Keep in mind that the biggest boondoggle of over-budget and past-due construction (the Big Dig in Boston) was under budget and on time for the first several years of construction.

      --
      "Trolls they were, but filled with the evil will of their master: a fell race..." -- J.R.R. Tolkien on Olog-hai
    2. Re:on track, on time, and on budget... by cailith1970 · · Score: 1

      "I don't think that means what you think it means..."

      :)

      --
      I intend to live forever, or die trying. - Groucho Marx
    3. Re:on track, on time, and on budget... by michrech · · Score: 2, Insightful

      I always thought it was : "On Track, On Time, and On Budget -- Pick two"?

      --
      bork bork bork!
    4. Re:on track, on time, and on budget... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You broke it. On track and on time?

      I think its: something to do with quality, something to do with speed, something to do with price: pick two.

    5. Re:on track, on time, and on budget... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Interesting

      TVA actually has completed a number of projects recently both on time and under budget. Granted, the record in the past hasn't always been the greatest, but in the past decade or so, they've not done too badly. (Disclaimer; I work for TVA)

    6. Re:on track, on time, and on budget... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Hardly any of the three. It was started in 1973... 35 YEARS to build it? With a 15 year pause? And not scheduled to be done for another 3 to 4? I can understand being a little cautious but damn...

    7. Re:on track, on time, and on budget... by toQDuj · · Score: 1

      Cheap, Fast, Good, pick any two...

      --
      Every experiment which ends in a big bang is a good experiment.
    8. Re:on track, on time, and on budget... by geekoid · · Score: 1

      all true, but most government contracts are on time and on or under budget.

      --
      The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
  4. I enjoy nuclear power by Gizzmonic · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Nuclear power is the only true green power. Environmentalist wackos want us to turn off electricity and live in paper hats, but you just can't turn off civilization, it's too late. We're addicted to electricity and all the joys it brings-refrigeration being tops on the list, of course! So we're going to have to do something else to fight global warming. Nuclear power is that "something else." It's the only practical solution. There ain't no such thing as clean coal, and Americans will not stop their "unsustainable" lifestyle...and why should they, when they can just nuke it up and enjoy as much refrigerated food as before. The refrigerator is the true ambassador of civilization.

    --
    (-1, Raw and Uncut is the only way to read)
    1. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by Darkness404 · · Score: 1, Interesting

      The problem with nuclear power isn't really the fact that it produces toxic waste but rather (especially in a post 9/11, post USSR world) is the security aspect. The USA has enough space that we can effectively store a ton of nuclear waste for a very long time. However securing it is a challenge. There will always be unaccounted waste that could be in anyone's hands. You only need to look at some shocking photos from Russia to see that (see http://englishrussia.com/?p=2198 for an abandoned Soviet nuclear lighthouse). While the USA currently is a whole lot more stable than post-soviet Russia, it still raises a number of questions. While we might be able to secure it for 100 years, what happens after that? There are plenty of abandoned coal and hydro power plants in the world and abandoning nuclear plants is a bad idea. So how do you secure them fully to keep the waste out of the hands of people who wish to do harm while still providing for the fact that they -do- go obsolete after a time.

      --
      Taxation is legalized theft, no more, no less.
    2. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by dogmatixpsych · · Score: 5, Insightful

      And of course now that we have such a "green"-friendly president we are now going to build a few new nuclear reactors!

      [Yes, that was sarcasm]. It is unfortunate that our current president and Congressional leadership are so anti-nuclear. You'd think they all still believe the lies and exaggerations of 1960s and 1970s environmentalists. We need to build many more nuclear plants, recycle spent nuclear fuel, and figure out and build better electric cars. That should help out our economy and environment.

    3. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Speech is the true ambassador of civilization.

      I dont know any paper hat wearing enviros. I do know quite a few enviromentalists though, most of them are Pro nuke...but things like TVA concern them because of their safety records.

      Their concerns- Where do you put the waste?
      Safety of said reactors?
      Enviromental impact of the heat dump most reactors have.

      Fair questions all.

    4. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by ivan256 · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Don't be silly. Our current president is much smarter than that.

      He understands that opposing nuclear technology is much more valuable to him politically than using the technology to reduce our carbon emissions in a significant fashion. And maintaining power is more important than the environment.

    5. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by amliebsch · · Score: 5, Informative

      I think the security threats are exaggerated. Highly radioactive materials are mostly dangerous to whomever possesses them, and even the highest-level reactor fuel or plutonium products cannot be turned into bomb fuel without multi-billion dollar enrichment facilities. The biggest threat is probably low-level radiation leaking into ground water supplies, but if our society reaches the point where people don't care or don't know about that hazard, we probably aren't living long enough for that to be a big concern anyways.

      --
      If you don't know where you are going, you will wind up somewhere else.
    6. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by QuantumRiff · · Score: 5, Interesting

      Couldn't agree more.. The best way to defend against a "dirty bomb" is to start refining the low level waste for recycling. I wish the terrorists luck assembling dirty bombs made of Plutonium. In reality, a very large portion of our current nuclear fuel comes from "recycled' warheads from Russia. I can't help but smile at the fact that the cold war is powering my AC on a hot day ;).

      --

      What are we going to do tonight Brain?
    7. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by Piranhaa · · Score: 1

      There ain't no such thing as clean coal

      I guess you've never heard of gasification? http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gasification

      But I do agree with the rest of your comment.. Once people adapt to something, it's impossible to bring them away from it. It's an addiction worse than a heroin junkie - we're all computer and electricity junkies.

    8. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by rm999 · · Score: 1

      You misunderstand Obama's energy plan. He is a realist, and he knows new nuclear energy can't be a big part of our nation's energy supply in the near-term future (next 10-15 years) Meanwhile, the country's energy usage continues to be uncomfortably close to its supply.

      We are sitting on tons of coal, large parts of the country are bathed in wind, our buildings are inefficient, our grid is a mess, and battery technology isn't ready for mainstream electric cars.

      His energy plan attacks the present problems without committing to any single solution for the future. He believes that *over-reliance* on a single technology that isn't proven ready is a bad idea. I agree with him.

    9. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Damn straight! The population of Chernobyl have been living the green life, CO2 neutral for quite some time now. Alas, they've yet to discover how to use their third arm. KFC are loving it though.

    10. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by otterpopjunkie · · Score: 0
      The moral thing to do is gain power using white lies, then secretly develop plans for nuclear support across the country. Appeal to ignorant people, wink at the smart people, then play your cards so the job gets done right. But you damn well better do it right - and by that I mean safely. One more accident and it'll be 60 years before people aren't afraid to try it again.

      Unless he wants another term, in which case keep it on the DL for now.

    11. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by Nadaka · · Score: 1

      Wow, that is almost exactly what I would have said.

      There is only one green power source that can meet all the energy needs of mankind. And it is glowing green. Nuclear power is the only way to go.

      Modern feeder/breeder reactors can run almost indefinitely without producing hazardous levels of waste. They can consume the "waste" of older less efficient nuclear plants as fuel and eliminate nearly all waste storage and processing hazards. They can be constructed with current technology and are compact and can be hardened against attacks both by hostile humans and the environment.

      Solar thermal power offers a competitive set of features with acceptable trade-offs by taking advantage of the thermo-nuclear furnace in the sky. Solar thermal uses current technology, has a lower initial cost of investment and completely eliminates the minuscule waste issues of modern nuclear power. Using heat sequestering it can provide power 24/7. However it can be easily damaged by adverse weather and human action, consumes much more property and has a limited geographic area of optimal deployment.

    12. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by Citizen+of+Earth · · Score: 1

      Social activists always oppose the only credible means of achieving their stated goals. It's a defining characteristic.

    13. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by Nefarious+Wheel · · Score: 1, Interesting

      I think the security threats are exaggerated. Highly radioactive materials are mostly dangerous to whomever possesses them...

      I do not. If people are willing to use themselves as the fuse for a C4 vest in the name of some driving principle we don't fully understand, there will be people willing to take hot metals out of their lead containers and run away with them. Yes, they'll die. But they may be able to make it back to their revolutionary cell and dump the stuff into that box made out of old car battery lead. You will be able to get people willing to try to slam two chunks of radioactives together with their hands or old car springs, whatever, in an attempt to achieve critical mass. It likely wouldn't work, but you'd end up with a hell of a mess at best.

      The lack of safety in handling fissile materials does not guarantee their security. It would certainly stop you or me, I'm sure, but that presumes you're not a culturally repressed unstable person who considers themselves a martyr in training. That's what scares the pasta out of me.

      --
      Do not mock my vision of impractical footwear
    14. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by Capt.DrumkenBum · · Score: 1

      "We're addicted to electricity and all the joys it brings-refrigeration being tops on the list"
      I would have thought internet pr0n.

      --
      If I were God, wouldn't I protect my churches from acts of me?
    15. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by russotto · · Score: 1

      Nuclear and solar thermal share another major characteristic: enviromentalists hate 'em both.

    16. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by Garrett+Fox · · Score: 2, Interesting

      He has no legal authority under the Constitution to dictate what energy the country will use in the first place. It'd be nice if he and Congress would get out of the way, eliminate energy taxes and subsidies, and let the price determine what solution prevails. Or if he really believes we need federal CO2 taxes, push for a Constitutional amendment to grant government the power to impose them.

      --
      Revive the Constitution.
    17. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by Darkness404 · · Score: 1

      I'm not talking about someone making a nuclear weapon, but someone using radioactive waste with a small-ish explosive to disperse it. Or someone carrying a good amount of it loose on their person then infecting the healthcare system and anyone in the area. I mean, it would probably be more effective in the end than someone with an explosive belt.

      --
      Taxation is legalized theft, no more, no less.
    18. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by ksheff · · Score: 2, Interesting

      What about securing the coal ash piles? A scientist at Oak Ridge National Laboratory has determined that we release more radioactive material into the environment by burning coal than we actual use in our nuclear plants. To top it off, it is theoretically possible, although time and labor consuming, to extract those radioactive materials from those ash piles and build a nuclear device.

      --
      the good ground has been paved over by suicidal maniacs
    19. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by Randle_Revar · · Score: 4, Insightful

      >Environmentalist wackos want us to turn off electricity and live in paper hats,
      Did you mean "huts"? Although living in a giant paper hat might be fun, at least until it rained.

      Anyway, who are these nuts? Where are they? I have read about them, but I have not seen
      any evidence that these creatures still exist in the wild. I am convinced they went extinct
      in the 60s or 70s. Certainly I have not found any in the environmentalist communities I
      frequent.

    20. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by amRadioHed · · Score: 2, Informative

      Nuclear glows blue, actually. /pedant

      --
      We hope your rules and wisdom choke you / Now we are one in everlasting peace
    21. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by Brett+Buck · · Score: 1

      Oh, don't sell them short. They also believe the lies and exaggerations of 90's and 00's environmentalists, too.

              Brett

    22. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by uvdiv_blog · · Score: 1

      (see http://englishrussia.com/?p=2198 [englishrussia.com] for an abandoned Soviet nuclear lighthouse)

      This is inaccurate - the Soviet lighthouses did not contain nuclear reactors (would be ridiculous), but rather radioisotope sources. Basically, a clump of very radioactive material that spontaneously heats up and is used for generating electricity - the point being, it stays that way for decades, without intervention. So, very convenient for remote navigation beacons. But also pretty stupid: they got abandoned in the USSR's collapse and they're getting vandalized for scrap metal. Obviously a huge hazard - wish I could find the article I read.

    23. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by Nadaka · · Score: 2, Insightful

      I believe that is because most people who claim to be environmentalists don't give a damn about the environment or the advancement of their own species.

    24. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I suspect it'll be at least 8 or 10 years, probably more, before a new nuclear power plant can be built from scratch. Remember, they're just finishing this reactor that was mothballed back in 1995.

      My understanding is there is only one company in the world that can cast the huge pressure vessels required for pressurised hot water reactors, and they're backed up with orders.

      So even if Obama serves two terms, it's the next president's problem.

    25. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by Waccoon · · Score: 1

      Plus, there are plenty of other low-level things in our water, already. Anything radioactive is the least of the public's concerns.

    26. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by Ihlosi · · Score: 1
      But also pretty stupid: they got abandoned in the USSR's collapse and they're getting vandalized for scrap metal. Obviously a huge hazard - wish I could find the article I read.

      Try
      http://www-pub.iaea.org/mtcd/publications/publications.asp
      and search for "radiological accident". Also interesting are the reports on the accidents in San Salvador, Soreq, Nesvizh, Istanbul, Tammiku, Samut Prakarn and Goiania.

    27. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Actually Obama supports nuclear energy:
      http://www.barackobama.com/issues/pdf/EnergyFactSheet.pdf
      http://embeds.blogs.foxnews.com/2008/07/11/the-energy-wars/

      Harry Reid is the one causing problems with Yucca Mountain.

    28. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by professionalfurryele · · Score: 1

      Don't need a amendment for a federal CO2 tax. First of all there is a clear externalities that is not paid when fossil fuels are burnt. That externality goes across state lines so the commerce clause applies, and the necessary and proper clause as well (in fact this is the actual reason for having the commerce clause, and not the usual crap it is used for). Congress really doesn't need either of the above, but they would justify CO2 regulation. If you can justify regulation to deal with a problem then you can certainly justify a tax. One could even make an argument under general welfare, although I hate doing that since you can justify almost anything if you squint enough at that one. All congress really needs to enact this tax is Article one, it grants congress the power to levy a tax on CO2 emission since this tax is clearly not direct (it is linked to the emission of CO2, an event, not property or income derived there from) there is no need for something like the sixteenth. The tax doesn't discriminate against a constitutionally protected class or anything like that so I cant see a constitutional argument against it.
      If you can think of one I would be interested to hear it.
      Either way the real bottom line is large national scale problems like CO2 externalities is what congress is supposed to deal with anyway. I agree that the federal government is running roughshod over the constitution but this simply isn't a case of that. It isn't like the health care debate where general welfare is being stretched beyond all recognition, or the use of highway funding to force states to adjust drinking ages by abusing the commerce clause.

    29. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by QuantumPion · · Score: 1

      Actually, as chief executive, the President can (and has in the past, see Clinton, Carter) restrict or ban nuclear power technology. The NRC is an enforcement agency under the jurisdiction of the President. At a whim, he can write an executive order to not approve any new power plant licenses, reactor designs, research, or even end current power production by enacting unattainable restrictions.

    30. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You're right on the first point, at least.

    31. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by Xiver · · Score: 1

      >Environmentalist wackos want us to turn off electricity and live in paper hats, Did you mean "huts"? Although living in a giant paper hat might be fun, at least until it rained.

      Anyway, who are these nuts? Where are they? I have read about them, but I have not seen any evidence that these creatures still exist in the wild. I am convinced they went extinct in the 60s or 70s. Certainly I have not found any in the environmentalist communities I frequent.

      Have you ever heard of Ted Kaczynski? http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Kaczynski

      --
      10: PRINT "Everything old is new again."
      20: GOTO 10
    32. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by ivan256 · · Score: 1

      Those are broken links.

      Obama was pro-Nuclear early in his campaign, but he slowly downplayed it until he removed it from his platform entirely. The only thing you'll ever see him talk about regarding anything nuclear now is disarmament.

    33. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by sjames · · Score: 1

      Some reactor designs would work quite well with poisoned fuel. That is, containing plutonium isotopes that are practically impossible to separate out that will make a nuclear weapon fizzle.

    34. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by Muad'Dave · · Score: 1

      Read this analysis' take on the proliferation problem - breeders provide a _lower_ proliferation risk than current designs.

      We continue to build up proliferation-prone stockpiles of high-level waste while politician's heads are in the sand regarding modern, non-PUREX reprocessing. It's sad, really.

      --
      Tiller's Rule: Never use a word in written form that you've only heard and never read. You will end up looking foolish.
    35. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by Muad'Dave · · Score: 1

      Goiania

      Isn't that what Crocodile Dundee and Sue (the woman from New York) ate in the outback?

      --
      Tiller's Rule: Never use a word in written form that you've only heard and never read. You will end up looking foolish.
    36. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by amliebsch · · Score: 1

      Radiation does not work that way! It is not "contagious." If some asshat disperses small (man-portable) amounts radioactive materials into the environment, the simple and logical thing to do is clean them up.

      --
      If you don't know where you are going, you will wind up somewhere else.
    37. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by Ihlosi · · Score: 1
      If some asshat disperses small (man-portable) amounts radioactive materials into the environment, the simple and logical thing to do is clean them up.

      How simple such a cleanup is can be seen from examples like the accidents in Goiania, Istanbul and Samut Prakarn.

    38. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by Muad'Dave · · Score: 2, Informative

      Dominion Virginia Power will be building one soon (2010), and expect to be online around 2015. They already have their federal ok for the additional reactor at that site. Note that it's a Boiling Water Reactor, not a PWR, so maybe there's no huge pressure vessel required.

      --
      Tiller's Rule: Never use a word in written form that you've only heard and never read. You will end up looking foolish.
    39. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by skeeto · · Score: 1

      Here's some,

      http://www.thegoodhuman.com/2008/01/30/10-strikes-against-nuclear-power/

      They don't say it explicitly because they don't know what they're talking about, but it's what they are really advocating.

    40. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by skeeto · · Score: 1
    41. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by Darkness404 · · Score: 1

      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goi%C3%A2nia_accident

      Enough said, this was even accidental which ended up in 4 deaths, but ~250 were exposed to it. Think of how much more if a larger amount of radioactive sources could be used.

      --
      Taxation is legalized theft, no more, no less.
    42. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by sorak · · Score: 1

      Don't be silly. Our current president is much smarter than that.

      He understands that opposing nuclear technology is much more valuable to him politically than using the technology to reduce our carbon emissions in a significant fashion. And maintaining power is more important than the environment.

      Because if he doesn't then that power will be snatched up by Sarah Palin in 2012. And how screwed will we all be then?

    43. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by Eevee · · Score: 1

      If you really want to be picky, nuclear doesn't glow. Charged particles emitted from the radioactive material at a speed greater that that of light in the containing medium(1) results in Cherenkov radiation, which produces that blue glow. So you can have radioactive decay in a vacuum, which doesn't glow; and you can have charged particles moving at high speeds from other events (for example, interactions with cosmic rays) which will produce the glow.

      (1) In the case of water-cooled/moderated nuclear reactors, since the speed of light in water is 0.75C you end up with that lovely blue glow.

    44. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by sean.peters · · Score: 1

      While I don't agree with your assertion that we need a constitutional amendment to do national energy policy (and neither does any legal scholar that I'm aware of), I can kind of almost agree with this:

      It'd be nice if he and Congress would get out of the way, eliminate energy taxes and subsidies, and let the price determine what solution prevails.

      As long as one of the subsidies removed was the giant defense subsidy to the oil industry. If the oil industry had to pay for their own security in the Middle East (rather than having the DOD do it for them, for free), oil would be priced a lot more realistically, and the market would move us to other solutions. Unfortunately, the nuclear industry would benefit less than one might think, because nuclear energy is still pretty damn expensive, as Canadians have discovered.

    45. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by Randle_Revar · · Score: 1

      In that article, at least, they are not advocating any such thing. You may think that we cannot continue civilization without nuclear power, but that is far from being proven. They explicitly talk about other was to generate electricity, and about electric cars. That is not "back to nature". A quick look through five or six pages of their archives also shows no obvious back to nature tendencies.

      By the way, I do not agree with their nuke article, and I have a few issues with the rest of their site. I am just saying the are not back to nature nuts.

    46. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by rm999 · · Score: 1

      Do you realize those solutions would all lead back to more coal? Subsidies and taxes are there partly to encourage us to be less dependent on technologies that throw tons of CO2 into the air. CO2 pollution is an externality, which means the parties that profit off it are negatively impacting others. This is an inefficient setup; surprisingly, taxes may be the best way to make it efficient by revealing the hidden costs of various technologies.

    47. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by Fierlo · · Score: 1

      Any power plant that runs on steam is going to involve pressure vessels. There's so little energy in steam at atmospheric temperatures, that it wouldn't be efficient (or economical) to extract the energy. The Wikipedia article on the BWR seems to say they run at roughly 7.6 MPa (so boiling occurs at ~285 C).

    48. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I'm guessing that would be a goanna, a lizard. One of those bit Steve Irwin.

    49. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by herbierobinson · · Score: 1

      But what to you do with the nuclear waste that is dangerous for a million years?

      --
      An engineer who ran for Congress. http://herbrobinson.us
    50. Re:I enjoy nuclear power by Muad'Dave · · Score: 1

      Thanks for the good information. I especially like the failure statistics - the ESBWR is approx 1000x less likely to experience core damage than a typical BWR/4 plant! From the ESBWR wikipedia article:
      General Electric has recalculated maximum core damage frequencies per year per plant for its nuclear power plant designs:[2]

              BWR/4 -- 1 x 10-5 (a typical plant)
              BWR/6 -- 1 x 10-6 (a typical plant)
              AP1000 -- 5.09 x 10-7 (received final design approval from the NRC)
              ABWR -- 2 x 10-7 (now operating in Japan)
              European Pressurized Reactor -- 6.1 x 10-7 (being built in France & Finland)
              ESBWR -- 3 x 10-8 (submitted for Final Design Approval by NRC)

      --
      Tiller's Rule: Never use a word in written form that you've only heard and never read. You will end up looking foolish.
  5. Less radioactive waste, too by AJWM · · Score: 5, Interesting

    A nuclear plant also produces less radioactive waste than does a corresponding coal plant. Of course since the latter doesn't fall under the authority of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, the radioactive substances in coal ash (like thorium) just get dispersed into the environment along with the stuff that stays toxic forever like arsenic and mercury.

    --
    -- Alastair
    1. Re:Less radioactive waste, too by Kokuyo · · Score: 1

      I suppose that's the same thing they said to Galileo back then.

    2. Re:Less radioactive waste, too by QuantumRiff · · Score: 5, Interesting

      I've often wondered what would happen if they changed that.. A recent Newsweek article was talking about how at the very end of the Clinton Administration, they ruled Fly Ash a hazardous waste, but it was via Executive order (just like we complained that bush did the last few weeks of office) and was undone by the next administration. I wonder what would have happened if that designation was passed "properly" and allowed to stand the last 9 years or so.

      --

      What are we going to do tonight Brain?
    3. Re:Less radioactive waste, too by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

      Radioactive elements in coal and fly ash should not be sources of alarm. The vast majority of coal and the majority of fly ash are not significantly enriched in radioactive elements, or in associated radioactivity, compared to common soils or rocks.

      Source

      Although coal releases the joyous toxins of arsenic, mercury, and selenium, the radioactive components of coal are minor enough to be ignored.

    4. Re:Less radioactive waste, too by CannonballHead · · Score: 1

      Bah. We should take that mercury and put it on our teeth! Solve toxic waste AND overpopulation at the same time!

    5. Re:Less radioactive waste, too by swillden · · Score: 1

      A nuclear plant also produces less radioactive waste than does a corresponding coal plant.

      Cite?

      I've seen this claim many times, and I'd like it to be true, but I've never seen a trustworthy source with hard numbers to back it up.

      --
      Note to ACs: I usually delete AC replies without reading them. If you want to talk to me, log in.
    6. Re:Less radioactive waste, too by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The USGS says that this claim is not true and that "The vast majority of coal and the majority of fly ash are not significantly enriched in radioactive elements, or in associated radioactivity, compared to common soils or rocks."

      You still have to deal with the non-radioactive emissions though. . .

    7. Re:Less radioactive waste, too by Waffle+Iron · · Score: 4, Informative

      It's not true. He is misrepresenting the actual (and true) claim, which is that that during normal operations, coal plants release more radioactivity into the environment than a nuclear plant. The nuclear plant creates many orders of magnitude more radioactive waste than a coal plant; however, almost all of it is normally kept contained, whereas the coal waste is released into the air.

      Of course, people who have concerns about the radiation involved with nuclear power aren't worried about radiation released during normal operations, so the claim is rather pointless. They're worried about accidents, sabotage, leakage, and WMD proliferation, which are all ways that the containment could fail.

    8. Re:Less radioactive waste, too by MobyDisk · · Score: 5, Insightful

      The article doesn't really provide enough information to support the conclusion. All

      Summary: Radioactive elements in coal and fly ash should not be sources of alarm. The vast majority of coal and the majority of fly ash are not significantly enriched in radioactive elements, or in associated radioactivity, compared to common soils or rocks.

      Right, but that doesn't help because it discounts the quantity of coal, and the fact that it is being burned and released into the atmosphere. It didn't answer at all the amount of radiation released in total, only the density of the radiation. The question is: Does a coal plant release more or less radiation than a nuclear plant with equivalent output?

      About Coal Creek Station: In 1993, the Nation consumed more than 2 million tons of coal per day.

      And the article you linked to says:

      concentrations of uranium fall in the range from slightly below 1 to 4 parts per million (ppm)

      But don't know what 2 million tons x 1 part per million means.... soo... Aha!

      Coal ash is more radioactive than nuclear waste

      The editor clarifies, at the end of the article:

      *Editor's Note (posted 12/30/08): In response to some concerns raised by readers, a change has been made to this story. The sentence marked with an asterisk was changed from "In fact, fly ashâ"a by-product from burning coal for powerâ"and other coal waste contains up to 100 times more radiation than nuclear waste" to "In fact, the fly ash emitted by a power plantâ"a by-product from burning coal for electricityâ"carries into the surrounding environment 100 times more radiation than a nuclear power plant producing the same amount of energy." Our source for this statistic is Dana Christensen, an associate lab director for energy and engineering at Oak Ridge National Laboratory as well as 1978 paper in Science authored by J.P. McBride and colleagues, also of ORNL.

      As a general clarification, ounce for ounce, coal ash released from a power plant delivers more radiation than nuclear waste shielded via water or dry cask storage.

    9. Re:Less radioactive waste, too by swillden · · Score: 3, Insightful

      The USGS says that this claim is not true and that "The vast majority of coal and the majority of fly ash are not significantly enriched in radioactive elements, or in associated radioactivity, compared to common soils or rocks."

      That doesn't necessarily mean it's not true. Even if there are only small amounts of radioactive material (enough to make it not "significantly enriched"), it could still be the case that when multiplied by the amount of ash released, the result is a larger amount than is produced by a nuclear reactor of the same size.

      I don't know if it is, but it's possible. I'd like to see numbers.

      --
      Note to ACs: I usually delete AC replies without reading them. If you want to talk to me, log in.
    10. Re:Less radioactive waste, too by akirapill · · Score: 1

      And yet there's still no viable long-term solution to the problem of nuclear waste. Let's look at the options: -burial: requires generations of stewards to maintain rusting sarcophagi. Requires shipping of nuclear waste in trucks/trains to burial site. Susceptible to earthquakes (Yucca Mountain is a joke in this regard) -launch into space: shuttle columbia anyone? -recycle into new fuel: produces.... nuclear waste. So does a nuclear plant produce less nuclear waste than a coal plant? Nice try, but no. Here's the original article [Scientific American] Apparently, radiation surrounding coal plants is worse than around nuclear plants because the radioactive particles are blown into the air or leach into the groundwater, in other words precisely because they aren't regulated for radioactivity. This doesn't mean that nuclear plants "produce less radiation," just that the high level (and more hazardous) waste produced by nuclear plants is contained on site. Right now, ALL high level waste produced by nuclear plants in the US is contained on site and piling up quickly because of NIMBYism. Chances of meltdown are certainly inflated by environmentalists, and if you ignore the waste issue, nuclear power is a very elegant solution (for some reason this seems to appeal to nerds). However, simply putting your fingers in your ears and plowing ahead with the nuclear agenda will only put the problem of waste on the shoulders of the next 300+ generations.

    11. Re:Less radioactive waste, too by akirapill · · Score: 1
    12. Re:Less radioactive waste, too by swillden · · Score: 1

      The nuclear plant creates many orders of magnitude more radioactive waste than a coal plant

      Got a source with numbers? That's the problem with this particular discussion point: Lots of claims about this being more than that without any authoritative numbers to back it up.

      --
      Note to ACs: I usually delete AC replies without reading them. If you want to talk to me, log in.
    13. Re:Less radioactive waste, too by Henry+V+.009 · · Score: 1

      There's no long-term viable solution to the problem of chemical waste either -- and that doesn't even have a half-life. One trusts that future generations will be smart enough not to try to drink from the barrels of glowing green goop. And if not, then they've got bigger problems.

    14. Re:Less radioactive waste, too by Nadaka · · Score: 2, Insightful

      This is patently not true. There is a long term solution to nuclear waste. toss it in a feeder/breeder reactor and use it to make more electricity.

      By the time you are done with it you have two kinds of waste products...
      Those with a half life so small that storing it for a few years will eliminate its radiation hazard.
      Those with a half life so long that they are no more a radiation hazard than natural granite.

    15. Re:Less radioactive waste, too by amliebsch · · Score: 1

      So does a nuclear plant produce less nuclear waste than a coal plant? Nice try, but no.

      High-level waste, no, of course not, since coal plants do not produce any high level waste. But coal fly-ash is low-level radioactive, and coal plants produce a metric assload of it. And high-level waste is not the unsolvable dilemma people make it out to be. For one, it can be reduced in radioactivity and quantity by further reprocessing and fissioning it. Second, it is amazingly low in volume - consider that all the output from the entire operational lifetime of all inefficient old reactors is still able to be locally sited! With careful planning, it could continue to be so indefinitely, or at least until it could be further fissioned.

      However, simply putting your fingers in your ears and plowing ahead with the nuclear agenda will only put the problem of waste on the shoulders of the next 300+ generations.

      Simply putting your fingers in your ears and pretending that we don't need large amounts of reliable, clean electricity is no solution either. There's apparently no magical energy source with no difficult problems and no unwanted effects around the corner, so we have to go with the best we have.

      --
      If you don't know where you are going, you will wind up somewhere else.
    16. Re:Less radioactive waste, too by Waffle+Iron · · Score: 0, Troll

      I don't have time right now to track down how many curies of radiation coal plants release. However, a common sense thought experiment will illustrate the point. Run a 1GW coal plant for a year and gather up the huge pile of fly ash that results. It will be about as radioactive as common granite, and you can stand in it indefinitely without any ill health effects from radiation. (Just like the people who work handling this stuff every day without bothering with any radiation protective gear.)

      Now run a 1GW nuclear reactor for a year. Turn it off and walk into the reactor core which contains all the resulting waste products. You'll receive a lethal dose of radiation within minutes.

    17. Re:Less radioactive waste, too by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Here. Let me google that for you:

      http://lmgtfy.com/?q=nuclear+waste+from+coal

    18. Re:Less radioactive waste, too by nukenerd · · Score: 1

      Of course, people who have concerns about the radiation involved with nuclear power aren't worried about radiation released during normal operations,.... They're worried about accidents, sabotage, leakage, and WMD proliferation, which are all ways that the containment could fail.

      That's not true. They are worried about normal operation as well.

    19. Re:Less radioactive waste, too by IICV · · Score: 1

      Of course, people who have concerns about the radiation involved with nuclear power aren't worried about radiation released during normal operations, so the claim is rather pointless. They're worried about accidents, sabotage, leakage, and WMD proliferation, which are all ways that the containment could fail.

      That's a great idea! Let's completely ignore the ramifications involved in constantly spewing out low levels of radioactive dust during normal operations, and focus entirely on those rare, only-ever-happened-in-Chernobyl-and-Tom-Clancy-novel class of events where larger amounts of radiation are released! It makes perfect sense.

    20. Re:Less radioactive waste, too by ksheff · · Score: 1
      --
      the good ground has been paved over by suicidal maniacs
    21. Re:Less radioactive waste, too by Your.Master · · Score: 2, Insightful

      That's not a thought experiment, that's an assertion.

    22. Re:Less radioactive waste, too by Waffle+Iron · · Score: 0, Redundant

      Ok, then. If my post doesn't satisfy your need for proof, I invite you go turn it into a real experiment and see what happens.

    23. Re:Less radioactive waste, too by Maxwell'sSilverLART · · Score: 2, Informative

      Let's also remember that uranium is a heavy metal, like lead. By burning coal, we're spewing heavy metal dust into the atmosphere. Actually, more likely, we're spewing dust containing heavy metal salts and oxides, which is far more harmful to the body than elemental heavy metals (better solubility means it can move throughout the body and accumulate in bad places, like bones). And uranium is chemically harmful no matter what isotope it is, even if it's not radiologically dangerous.

      Meanwhile, the dangerous stuff in a reactor is sitting nicely in a little pile inside a big steel pressure vessel.

      --
      Moderate drunk! It's more fun that way!
    24. Re:Less radioactive waste, too by lennier · · Score: 4, Insightful

      "As a general clarification, ounce for ounce, coal ash released from a power plant delivers more radiation than nuclear waste shielded via water or dry cask storage."

      That's a fairly big qualification, though, isn't it? Raw coal ash vs *shielded* nuclear waste?

      I don't think many environmental protestors are claiming that nuclear waste, if shielded, emits radiation. The worries are about whether the shielding actually survives and doesn't break down over years, leach into groundwater, etc.

      --
      You are not a brain: http://books.google.com/books?id=2oV61CeDx-YC
    25. Re:Less radioactive waste, too by Falconhell · · Score: 1

      Nuclear waste is stored outside the environment eh?

      Reminds me of an old joke, Its beyond the environment, theres nothing out there.

    26. Re:Less radioactive waste, too by swillden · · Score: 1

      http://www.ornl.gov/info/ornlreview/rev26-34/text/colmain.html

      I read two main comparisons in that article:

      • Nuclear material released by coal combustion vs nuclear material released by fission plants of similar size. That doesn't count radioactive waste from the fission plants, so it's biased in favor of nuclear over coal.
      • Nuclear material released by all coal combustion plants in the US vs nuclear material consumed by all fission plants in the US. Because there are so many more coal plants than nuclear reactors, that is also biased in favor of nuclear over coal.

      From that, I have to conclude that comparing plants with similar output, a nuclear reactor produces more radioactive waste than a coal plant releases. Of course, the nuclear waste is controlled, not pumped into the atmosphere, and if recycled through a breeder reactor can still produce much, much more power, so I still think nuclear is far better for the environment overall, but this particular comparison doesn't hold the weight I hoped it did.

      Thanks for the link.

      --
      Note to ACs: I usually delete AC replies without reading them. If you want to talk to me, log in.
    27. Re:Less radioactive waste, too by TheTurtlesMoves · · Score: 1

      I was under the impression that flue particulate matter (fine ash) had to be filtered from the stacks? Well at least they do it here (EU). This then gives you a coal ash disposal problem.

      --
      The Grey Goo disaster happened 3 billion years ago. This rock is covered in self replicating machines!
    28. Re:Less radioactive waste, too by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I don't think many environmental protestors are claiming that nuclear waste, if shielded, emits radiation. The worries are about whether the shielding actually survives and doesn't break down over years, leach into groundwater, etc.

      Which is where breeder reactors and re-processing comes in. And that's just for the radioactive stuff, when you include mercury, arsenic and all the other nasties that coal plants toss into the air it's obvious that nuclear is the only clean energy source which can meet demand.

      Plus, think of how much better we'd get at reprocessing if priority was given to nuclear research... Check out a periodic table of elements and see how much stuff was discovered during the nuclear age.

      And with the next big push in nuclear research, we may finally pin down cold fusion.

    29. Re:Less radioactive waste, too by smoker2 · · Score: 1

      Fly ash and slag are commonly used for insulation materials and concrete. So you could be surrounded by that radiation. I have driven a tanker collecting it from power stations and delivering it to cement/concrete plants.

    30. Re:Less radioactive waste, too by toQDuj · · Score: 1
      --
      Every experiment which ends in a big bang is a good experiment.
    31. Re:Less radioactive waste, too by sjames · · Score: 1

      That's exactly true. If I carry a slightly radioactive natural rock (say, a common chunk of granite) into a nuclear plant in my pocket, keep it in my pocket the whole time I'm there, and then keep it with me when I leave, we'll hear all about how the plant released uncontrolled radiation into the environment. Take the same rock into a coal plant, pulverize it and send the dust up the stack to spread over the surrounding community and.......nothing.

      While the slag from a coal plant isn't all that radioactive, if it was under NRC control it would have to be treated as radioactive waste and contained until it cooled off (at great cost) due to the tiny amount of thorium in it. The total amount of radiation produced by a nuclear plant is greater by far than that from a coal plant, but the total mass and bulk of materials that would have to be treated as radioactive waste produced by a coal plant is greater (because that bit of thorium is mixed in with a bunch of inert material). The total amount of radioactive materials that a coal plant releases uncontrolled into the environment is several times that of a nuclear plant.

      The radiation related risk assessments for nuclear plants are based on the unproven assumption that any amount of radiation (however slight) will cause elevated levels of cancer and deaths in the population (there is some evidence that there is an ideal level of radioactivity and that the natural background is below that level). Coal plants get a pass on that risk assessment.

    32. Re:Less radioactive waste, too by herbierobinson · · Score: 1

      Only if you take the classic Nukespeak tactic and forget about the waste disposal site... Perhaps we can store it all in your house? Oh, wait a minute, do you live on the same continent that I live on?

      --
      An engineer who ran for Congress. http://herbrobinson.us
  6. On time??? NOT!!!! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Let's see here.... Hmmmm..... "mothballed" for 19 years and that makes it "on time" just how?

  7. No matter how bad things get by Aku+Head · · Score: 1, Funny

    with global warming spawned fires and floods and tropical diseases, I will sleep peacefully at night with the knowledge that hillbillies have electricity.

    1. Re:No matter how bad things get by ivan256 · · Score: 1

      An attitude like that probably has FDR spinning in his grave. Oh, the sorry state of the modern Liberal.

      I feel sick at the idea that somebody like you may have a mainstream view.

    2. Re:No matter how bad things get by sheepofblue · · Score: 0

      So do we since we have air conditioned houses. Of course this year we have been consistently BELOW average so have wanted less A/C. Of course that is also why the people spreading scary stories like yourself have started calling it climate change.

    3. Re:No matter how bad things get by Aku+Head · · Score: 1

      Yes, a sense of humor is a terrible thing to have.

  8. Thorium reactor by moon3 · · Score: 1

    Nuclear might actually be the future if promises of this new type of reactor turn to be true. As it is explained this very informative video, enjoy:

    http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AHs2Ugxo7-8

    1. Re:Thorium reactor by Ralph+Spoilsport · · Score: 1
      Agreed. Nuclear has zero future if we can't do two things, and BOTH are required:

      1. get to a Thorium breeder technology that makes its own fuel.
      2. build lots of them fast.

      The total amount of oil being pulled out of the ground will follow a bell curve, but the NET oil available will go down much more quickly. Why? EROEI (it takes energy to get energy, and all the easy stuff is gone) and Export Land Model (where exporting nations modernise, and as they do, they use more of their own oil. as they peak and decline and develop at the same time, their ability to export collapses and they become importers - example: UK, Indonesia, USA to name a few...) We need the energy in that oil to build the Thorium nukes, but even more so: we need the materials in the oil to build the machines to manage the nukes (computers and suchlike). We need to ramp up systems to make and store electricity immediately, so we can use the oil for the materials to keep the lights on in the longer run.

      If that doesn't happen, and SOON, the second half the the 21st century is going to suck hairy monkey balls.

      RS

      --
      Shoes for Industry. Shoes for the Dead.
    2. Re:Thorium reactor by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Kirk Sorenson just gave a newer google tech talk on the liquid fluoride thorium reactor yesterday.
      Also probably on youtube somewhere...

    3. Re:Thorium reactor by Ancient_Hacker · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Breeders have been tried, to the extent of about 20 billion dollars, over the last 40 years. All have failed. It's really hard to make something that can run with the very high neutron fluxes for years and years. There are only so many different materials and alloys to choose from and they all tend to fall apart after a while with 10^38 neutrons per cm^2 per second buzzing thru them.

      In addition we may have passed the point of no return re breeders-- i.e. if we had breeders right now, there isn't enough uranium left to run the current bunch of reactors and breed any usable amount of new material.

      There's also the slight problem of building plutonium-burning reactors and not losing a few kilos to the bad guys.

    4. Re:Thorium reactor by $RANDOMLUSER · · Score: 2, Insightful

      I think I'm probably just feeding a troll, but you're mixing apples and onions. Coal, natural gas, nuclear, wind, water and solar are for stationary power (i.e. electricity). Oil is for portable power (i.e. planes, trains and automobiles). The current discussion is about stationary power generation.

      --
      No folly is more costly than the folly of intolerant idealism. - Winston Churchill
    5. Re:Thorium reactor by akira69 · · Score: 1

      What about plug in electric cars (i.e. Chevy Volt)? Makes stationary power portable. Also, most city subway trains run on electricity too.

    6. Re:Thorium reactor by Mashiki · · Score: 1

      Err okay? Better let the countries who use them know that.

      --
      Om, nomnomnom...
    7. Re:Thorium reactor by Ralph+Spoilsport · · Score: 1
      Hi!

      Not feeding troll. You have a point, however: oil is going away. Period. So we need to develop systems that are presently stationary power to do things that are presently managed by oil for portable purposes.

      portable energy is portable energy. An erg is an erg. It doesn't care if it is electricity or oil or a team of horses.

      Even though (per the EIA) we have about another 50 - 100 years of oil left, due to the issues I noted above, we really don't have that much time left in terms of net oil production. We must immediately set about storing electricity to act in place of oil.

      There seems to be some very positive noises coming from eeStor and their ultra-capacitor technology. That is one great direction - where stationary power is turned into portable power.

      cheers.

      RS

      --
      Shoes for Industry. Shoes for the Dead.
    8. Re:Thorium reactor by delt0r · · Score: 1

      ...with 10^38 neutrons per cm^2 per second buzzing thru them.

      10^38 * 1.67e-27= 167 billion kg of neutrons per second of mass flux. Assuming an energy of 2MeV for the neutrons the mass density of neutrons is 85 kg per cc. More than 7 times the density of lead.

      Make stuff up much do we?

      And by failed do you mean worked? Like the ones in France etc? After all where do they get U233 or Plutonium if they don't work? Also they don't have any more problems with materials than anything else. The hard bit is that they are little more difficult to control.

      The US doesn't run breeders, but that's political not technological.

      --
      If information wants to be free, why does my internet connection cost so much?
    9. Re:Thorium reactor by Ancient_Hacker · · Score: 1

      You should look up "the Dave Barry principle of using exaggeration as humor".

      AFAIK France spent about 50 billion francs just on the Super-Phenix breeder, which ran for about 18 months over 20 years. Now decomissioned. I would not call that a success by any means.

      The only other "French" breeder I can find is ONE Russian BN-600, which is not only tiny, it requires highly (25%) enriched uranium. Not exactly a cheap way to go.

  9. Most people want to know... by chord.wav · · Score: 1

    Will it have a Sector 7G?

  10. Intense danger by StreetStealth · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Your car has four wheels and an internal combustion engine, traits shared by the 1907 Holsman Model 3. Have you stopped to consider the intense danger this poses to you?

    But wait: The Holsman was built in a time before ABS, crumple zones, air bags, or even seatbelts. One might presume your 2003 Nissan Altima to be a little safer.

    Chernobyl was a nuclear plant built with all the safety precautions of early automobiles. Comparing it with modern TVA-built plants is just as valid as the above Slashdot Car Analogy.

    --
    Your mind is clear / The things that you fear / Will fade with how much you / Believe what you hear
    1. Re:Intense danger by dyingtolive · · Score: 1

      Nuclear power scares me less than orbital microwave cannons. At least we've been playing with nuclear power long enough to have a pretty good understanding of long term effects.

      --
      Support the EFF and Creative Commons. The war is coming, and they're supporting you...
    2. Re:Intense danger by Andy+Dodd · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Chernobyl was not just old:
      1) It was built with a dual purpose: Power generation AND weapons materials production - this led to design safety compromises
      2) It DID have a lot of safety precautions, but the operators disabled them to run an experiment. Based on your car analogy, this would involve ripping out the ABS controller, removing the shock absorbers, removing the swaybar, slashing the brake lines, then going for a ride.

      --
      retrorocket.o not found, launch anyway?
    3. Re:Intense danger by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The thing that gets me is this:

      "Between July 16, 1945 and September 23, 1992, the United States maintained a program of vigorous nuclear testing, with the exception of a moratorium between November 1958 and September 1961. A total of (by official count) 1,054 nuclear tests and two nuclear attacks were conducted, with over 100 of them taking place at sites in the Pacific Ocean, over 900 of them at the Nevada Test Site, and ten on miscellaneous sites in the United States (Alaska, Colorado, Mississippi, and New Mexico)."

      So, 1054 nuclear weapons tests (and I've seen footage of some of them, not little firecrackers!).....
      And people are worried about a few power stations?

    4. Re:Intense danger by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Interestingly enough, if he is between the ages of 15 and 24, that 2003 Nissan Altima is the thing in his life most likely to kill him.

      Just sayin'.

    5. Re:Intense danger by mad_minstrel · · Score: 1

      Yes, well, the Nissan also probably goes 5 times as fast. Or more.

      --
      May the source be with you.
    6. Re:Intense danger by geekoid · · Score: 1

      "Chernobyl was a nuclear plant built with all the safety precautions of early automobiles"
      and then turned them all off, and did precisely what you weren't supposed to with that kind of reactor.
      Not to mention is was a bad design even for the time.

      --
      The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
  11. Did somebody say "NUCLEAR"??? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Run!!!!!!!!!!!! Panic!!!!!!!!!!!

  12. Re:Repeat After Me: I Enjoy ... by TerranFury · · Score: 1

    I respect Fox news as little as the next (sane) guy, but I really don't have that much of an issue with that clip. It's still pretty obviously a joke; they left it more-or-less in context, with Stephen Colbert telling him to say it.

  13. Applications by TopSpin · · Score: 4, Informative

    Here is a map of sites for which applications have been submitted to the NRC and are currently undergoing review. None of these will happen until the political will emerges to move the bureaucracy.

    --
    Lurking at the bottom of the gravity well, getting old
  14. Meh by bill_kress · · Score: 4, Insightful

    I'm kind of neutral about the whole subject. Neat tech, but trusting corporations is not in my nature.

    Also, when compared to wind and solar, Nuclear is the one power source that allow corporations to retain control of power generation.

    But balancing that is the fact that it's a pretty continuous source of energy...

    What I'd really like to understand (I always ask this and I've never gotten an answer) is why some people are so for it. They aren't going to make money off it, overall it will not save them money (Even those of us who live exclusively off dams don't have THAT much of a money savings)...

    I can understand people being really against it. Fear of the unknown, lack of understanding, history (quite a few people have died in the past)

    I can also understanding someone being somewhat for it (I'd be tempted to vote for one in my city, although the last one here was a complete cluster-fsck) but where does one get the motivation for the positive passion that this topic so often seems to create?

    1. Re:Meh by Tteddo · · Score: 3, Interesting

      To me it's the sheer volume of power you get from each reactor. Seabrook in NH is 1244 MW. Our subs measure the amount on uranium fuel used for a core's lifetime in grams. That's all the power used for propulsion, etc. for a period of years. Of course there's a lot more to it than that, but that's what gets me. Compared to 2 hydro dams near here that are 1.2MW or thereabouts a piece.
      I loved it when I was in the Navy and all the protesters against Seabrook, and no one stopped to think that there were at least 4 mobile reactors at the shipyard across the river at any given time back then.

    2. Re:Meh by Helios1182 · · Score: 1

      Why be for it? Well, it is clean and safe. It works. It produces lots of energy from resources that can be mined in areas not under the control of crazy religious regimes that hate the USA.

    3. Re:Meh by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      +1 for nuke, I want our country to be energy independent and I also don't like polluting our air with coal.

    4. Re:Meh by bill_kress · · Score: 1

      So it's good. Maybe as good as undersea cities or sustaining open spaces and forests.

      But what makes it so personal that a person might adamantly support it every time the subject comes up? Something about this topic incites the same level of passion as a discussion on abortion or gun control (both of which have a personal effect on those on either side of the argument).

    5. Re:Meh by plover · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Because nuclear power is greener than fossil fuels (the emissions are tiny, solid and containable, and it doesn't destroy whole ecosystems like hydroelectric dams), it's more effective/efficient than terrestrial sources (a nuclear plant is very "compact" compared to the land mass of solar array or a giant farm of 1MW windmills ) and we have enough fuel to run them for centuries (as opposed to oil and gas which are rapidly dwindling, and could be used for other purposes such as plastics and lubrication.) Read all of the above posts to understand more of the benefits. They are very exciting.

      The drawbacks are all about the waste: how do you store a thing that's dangerous for tens of thousands of years? How do you adequately protect a thing that's desired by terrorists?

      As engineers, we see those as solvable problems. But they are never implemented because of the political opposition, not because of any technical reason. And nothing pisses us off faster than pointing out a perfectly valid solution to a problem only to be told we can't do that because some ignorant people are afraid. "No, you can't run a nuclear train through my town, even though the cars have been crash tested at 150 MPH," or "You can't bury that waste thousands of feet below the ancient burial grounds of my already dead great-great-great grandparents, we must honor them properly from within our sacred Casinos."

      That's where my passion comes from, and it's probably not an uncommon sentiment here on /.

      --
      John
    6. Re:Meh by shutdown+-p+now · · Score: 5, Insightful

      What I'd really like to understand (I always ask this and I've never gotten an answer) is why some people are so for it.

      I consider myself a sane and pragmatical environmentalist. That is, I believe that we shouldn't crap all over the place just because it's easy and convenient for us to do so today, disregarding the consequences of those actions tomorrow. Thus, I believe that we should gradually reduce the use of fossil fuels (i.e. as fast as possible, but without collapsing our economy and inducing quality of life decrease).

      On the other hand, I still believe that needs of humanity come first, and that nature (and, in general, world around us) is something that we should use towards our goals and preserve for the sake of self-preservation; and not something inherently valuable in and of itself, or a god to worship. Thus, I do not support significant scaling back of our energy use - most of it really isn't excess, but is required to maintain our present living standard. Reducing energy consumption would require scaling it back very significantly, and I do not want to see that happen. We can definitely try to trim consumption down where possible, by using more energy efficient machines and technologies (such as those nifty insulated houses that leak very little heat). But in the end, this is still a drop in the ocean.

      The only way I see to reconcile these two viewpoints is to embrace nuclear power (and in perspective, when they get it to work, fusion). It's reasonably clean - yes, there's waste, but that can be fairly easily contained and controlled. It is powerful enough to sustain our energy use, even extrapolating future growth. And it is going to last for very long, long enough to research the next step (be it fusion or something else).

      Nothing else cuts it. Not solar, not wind, and not tidal. I fully support their use wherever possible, but they quite obviously aren't enough to cover our needs without scaling them back significantly.

    7. Re:Meh by rantingkitten · · Score: 1

      What I'd really like to understand (I always ask this and I've never gotten an answer) is why some people are so for it.

      Off the top of my head, one major reason is that it's clean. No more coal-fired plants belching thousands of tons of crap into the air. Even leaving aside the global-warming aspect, I shouldn't need to spell out why less pollution is a good thing. That, alone, is enough for me to support it.

      It's sustainable. Breeder reactors won't run out of fuel for thousands of years, and the price of the radioactive materials is unlikely to fluctuate all that much. No more worrying about if the cost to heat my home in the winter is going to skyrocket because oil prices are so high.

      It allows greater independence. If you're powering most of your country with nuclear power, then a bunch of squabbling idiots in the Middle East, artificially raising and lowering the price and availability of oil, just doesn't matter very much. It also means we keep more money circulating in our own economy instead of constantly sending it to oil shieks.

      --
      mirrorshades radio -- darkwave, industrial, futurepop, ebm.
    8. Re:Meh by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I was legal now at twenty-one
      I knew the way the world should run
      My God, just look what I had done
      Simply drunk and having fun
      Looked for friends, but I found none
      All alone at twenty-one

    9. Re:Meh by bill_kress · · Score: 0, Redundant

      I understand all the listed reasons (and don't disagree with them), but none of that inspires me with the passion to advocate (and in fact, I still think they are fairly dangerous in the wrong hands--and I can think of no wronger hands than a corporation interested in profits, we've all seen what damage they are willing to do in the name of profits)

      So do you have the same passion for all green issues? I mean, this isn't something you can do anything about (beyond advocating) so even if you were fully , but do you drive an electric car with solar panels on your house? Are you adamant about recycling?

      I only ask because although the green motivation is logical, it doesn't usually seem to motivate the same type of person. In fact, many who are constantly green are not behind nuclear power even knowing the environmental benefits.

      Perhaps I should be more excited and motivated about it and I'm confused why I'm not.

      Sometimes I think it might be seeing the future in a certain way (through sci-fi?) and being disappointed that we can't seem to get there (this bugs me a little at times). Or perhaps they believe that this will actually save them an amazing amount of money somehow--which I can't see, it's not like gas stations lower their prices when oil gets cheaper, they just make more money.

    10. Re:Meh by Cthefuture · · Score: 1

      I'm curious what you pay for your power. You say it saves you money (however small) but what are you comparing it to?

      My power is supplied by a nuclear plant about 15 miles from here. My power averages $0.08 per kWh. Where do you fall?

      --
      The ratio of people to cake is too big
    11. Re:Meh by strat · · Score: 1

      Your faith in the environmental efficacy of government over corporations may be a tad misplaced. If you look at the list of superfund sites you will find a fair number of military bases and contractors operating under the auspices of support contracts from the government.

      I remember in the 1980's working on a military base and seeing that they still carried DDT on trucks to kill bugs. I didn't have a big problem with that, other than that it would have been felonious to use in any place in the country at the time.

      (Of course, now we're finding that judicious use of DDT in Africa may save thousands of lives, but it took a while to apply science to the miasma of FUD.)

      As for money savings, there's an availability question too. We in the mid-Atlantic region with a fair number of operating reactors haven't faced anywhere near the energy fiascoes that California with their arguably kneejerk "no new plants" policies have endured. As a result of availability, not only haven't we seen rolling brownouts like California has, our prices are lower as well.

    12. Re:Meh by level_headed_midwest · · Score: 1

      There is a lot of positive support for nuclear energy as it has the potential to allow us to live a comfortable life without a lot of real or perceived consequences. Very few sane people actually want to have to scrimp on energy usage. They want to set the A/C and heater at a level that is comfortable to them rather than at temperatures that are mandated by politics or costs. They want to be able to drive as much as they care to. The list goes on. The current overseas political landscape makes oil and gas less desirable as the prices are set by an unfriendly cartel. The current domestic political landscape makes oil, gas, and then the one fossil fuel we have in abundance, coal, a less-than-desirable prospect due to things like cap-and-trade and taxes. Hydroelectric isn't terrifically popular due to the interference of river flows and fish migration. Wind power isn't terribly economically competitive and not all places are well-suited to windmills due to weather conditions. The things are also finding political trouble as more are starting to regard them as bird-killing eyesores. Solar is also starting to be on the chopping block as people realize it takes a lot of nasty heavy metals to make the photovoltaic cells, plus it is also limited by geographic location. Other proposed methods of power generation aren't mature enough to even make much of a judgment on. That pretty much leaves nuclear as the only other well-known option that has been proven to work in the scale we need, can work just about anywhere, and is economically competitive.

      --
      Just "gittin-r-done," day after day.
    13. Re:Meh by plover · · Score: 4, Insightful

      The green reasons don't drive the passion. They're strong arguments, but that's not the answer you were looking for. The passion comes from the denial for purely political reasons. When it's important enough, we can keep stuff out of the wrong hands. We can indeed get rid of it by burying it deep -- hundreds of meters beneath the bottom of the ocean is an almost perfect natural storage repository. We can monitor the hell out of the corporations using it (we already do.) Every problem facing nuclear power has been solved.

      Because there are no valid reasons to say "no", being told "no" by intentionally stupid people for invalid reasons ignites a negative emotion -- anger. Anger is just as motivating as the positive passions.

      The real answer is anger at willfully stupid people. Ordinary, garden-variety stupid people don't bother me, because I know that some people don't have the capacity to learn. It's the ones that deliberately refuse to learn from history or from mountains of evidence that really piss me off.

      --
      John
    14. Re:Meh by lennier · · Score: 2, Insightful

      "The green reasons don't drive the passion. They're strong arguments, but that's not the answer you were looking for. The passion comes from the denial for purely political reasons."

      I don't understand what you mean by the phrase "purely political". If you mean "a majority of voters in a democracy don't want it"... well, DUH. When it comes down to it, everything that happens in a society which has to do with human choices is "political" in that sense.

      The reason why nuclear power is rejected by the majority is fear, and that fear comes from very valid reasons: the deep military-level secrecy and corruption shrouding even the basic science as well as the technolgoy of nuclear physics, and the proven failures of some nuclear power companies from the 1970s to the 1990s to administer their plants to the required level of competence.

      "When it's important enough, we can keep stuff out of the wrong hands"

      That however, is a very big "if". When we thought it was important enough, we were also able to go to the Moon with slide rules. However, things change, infrastructure decays, and we don't currently have even Apollo technology; so do you really want to bet on the lives of your citizens not only that "when it's important" you can keep a massively complicated and inherently dangerous power-generating infrastructure safe, but that you can promise and deliver this safety for generations afterwards, even through social upheavals? Because that's what you have to able to do.

      The really big problem with nuclear power, and what generates so much fear around it - and yes, it is a "political" issue in that it deals with the geometries of social power and centralisation vs decentralisation, bureaucracy vs democracy, issues that all geeks should be concerned about - is that nuclear fission is an *inherently unsafe* technology. It can be MADE safe, within certain tolerances, but only after the fact, by adding various countermeasures. Those all add risk, cost and centralisation, putting social power in the hands of a few. Do we really want to go down that route?

      Ionizing radiation is inherently hostile to carbon-based life. That's the bottom line. No, it won't kill you instantly, but it's there and it's not part of the normal Earth ecosystem. To make fission power work, you have to find ways of blocking, neutralising, or containing that radiation. You have to take it out of the eco-loop somehow. You have to build technological walls and ghettos, create danger zones, invent safety protocols. None of which are needed with other forms of power, to the same extent. It just seems like going about things the wrong way and asking for trouble.

      "Because there are no valid reasons to say "no""

      Yes, there are, and I've listed them above. Inherent risk, and forced centralisation vs decentralisation of generation infrastructure. Both are unacceptable to my way of thinking.

      --
      You are not a brain: http://books.google.com/books?id=2oV61CeDx-YC
    15. Re:Meh by mqduck · · Score: 1

      I can also understanding someone being somewhat for it ... but where does one get the motivation for the positive passion that this topic so often seems to create?

      Possibly because it's a really smart choice. I don't know one way or the other, but maybe it really is. However, without a doubt it's also that the Slashdot crowd 1) loves technology, like nuclear power, and 2) hates environmentalists, who often are often the first ones in the way of the shiniest new piece of technology that just might kill us.

      --
      Property is theft.
    16. Re:Meh by khallow · · Score: 1

      I'm kind of neutral about the whole subject. Neat tech, but trusting corporations is not in my nature.

      TVA is a government agency. I'm not sure it should be trusted since it's well past its shelf life (that part of Appalachia has long been on the grid since the 50's or so).

      What I'd really like to understand (I always ask this and I've never gotten an answer) is why some people are so for it. They aren't going to make money off it, overall it will not save them money (Even those of us who live exclusively off dams don't have THAT much of a money savings)...

      A rising tide lifts all boats. Even if I don't benefit greatly from a new generation of nuclear power plant, it'll help everyone to some degree. In my view, a little help to everyone is even more useful than the same amount of help to a small group.

    17. Re:Meh by khallow · · Score: 1

      That however, is a very big "if". When we thought it was important enough, we were also able to go to the Moon with slide rules. However, things change, infrastructure decays, and we don't currently have even Apollo technology; so do you really want to bet on the lives of your citizens not only that "when it's important" you can keep a massively complicated and inherently dangerous power-generating infrastructure safe, but that you can promise and deliver this safety for generations afterwards, even through social upheavals? Because that's what you have to able to do.

      Putting impossible conditions on human technology is one way to kill human progress. I'm sorry, but there's no way to assuage your paranoia to the degree that you want. My view is that we shouldn't coddle the future. An example of what I'm talking about is nuclear waste disposal. First, we're not recycling nuclear waste because it would generate plutonium and a proliferation concern. Fine, but proliferation happens anyway and in the meantime we're greatly increasing the amount of waste for a hypothetical concern. Moving on, we've come up with some good solutions, for example, disposing of vitrified nuclear waste in Yucca Mountain, a site located in Nevada. Opponents don't have a plausible scenario of how that waste is going to transport in mass to the local environment to poison whoever happens to be living there, but it doesn't stop them from objecting.

      Ionizing radiation is inherently hostile to carbon-based life. That's the bottom line. No, it won't kill you instantly, but it's there and it's not part of the normal Earth ecosystem.

      Quite wrong. There are numerous sources of natural ionizing radiation: cosmic rays, solar radiation, and fissionable material in the Earth. That means high levels of ionizing radiation is part of the normal Earth ecosystem. Among other things, it plays a role in generating mutations, contributing to evolution (especially in the early Earth when there was a lot more fissionable material in the Earth's crust) and cryptobiosis, a state where normal living processes are suspended (the organism has to be able to survive for long periods under the radiation environment of Earth, this leads to some extraordinary resistance to radiation damage). In other words, Earth has a tough radiation environment to the point that some organism have had to evolve significant radiation resistance in order to survive.

    18. Re:Meh by incer · · Score: 1

      I still believe that needs of humanity come first, and that nature (and, in general, world around us) is something that we should use towards our goals and preserve for the sake of self-preservation; and not something inherently valuable in and of itself, or a god to worship.

      You sound like a city-dweller... Let me tell you: to me nature is important in itself AND as a means of survival. Maybe you don't care for nature because you lost your contact with it. Personally, I would die of depression in a world where I can't hear crickets and cicadas chirp in the summer, where I can't rest in the shadow of a tree and watch some animal life go about their business. I like the perfume of trees and flowers in the spring and enjoy watching insects fly.
      I DO worship nature, because it's what spawned us, it's what keeps us alive and defines what we are... It's the most important thing in the world. Humans need nature biologically and psychologically, otherwise we wouldn't build and grow parks in our cities, we wouldn't grow plants at our windows....
      Also, observing nature is an enlightening experience, spiritually enriching, and that's another reason (in addition to ecosystem preservation) why losing our biodiversity is terrible.

      I hope I drove my point across, english is somewhat hostile to me sometimes.

    19. Re:Meh by plover · · Score: 1

      The grandparent poster asked *why* people are passionately in favor of nuclear energy. If you want to argue against the points I raised, go to any of the other discussion threads where this particular horse is being beaten to death. Otherwise offer up your own version of "why" you are passionately opposed (if you are actually passionate about the topic.)

      --
      John
    20. Re:Meh by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      What I'd really like to understand (I always ask this and I've never gotten an answer) is why some people are so for it. They aren't going to make money off it, overall it will not save them money (Even those of us who live exclusively off dams don't have THAT much of a money savings)...

      It is something I believe in that became a passion. After taking a course in nuclear engineering in college and reading plenty of information online, I realized how horrible our primary methods of energy generation are. Seeing designs of future reactors strengthened my belief that the future can be bright for nuclear power, but after talking with people whom I know and generally agree with politically, I was appauled at the lies that they believe about nuclear power. In particular, my mom and I spent a good bit of time debating and linking resources back and forth to eachother. I think I've opened her eyes - just yesterday she emailed me articles about nuclear successes.

      Shortly before graduating from college, I made it a goal of mine to make it into the nuclear industry. As a Computer Engineer, I figured it wouldn't be too difficult, but the economy took a nosedive. Long story short, I started working for a contractor for nuclear plants in March, and next month I'll be starting my new job maintaining the computer systems for a plant in PA.

      So, I'd say that it was a combination of:
      1) My strong belief that we needed to move toward nuclear power.
      2) Talking to people who want green power but believe easily falsifiable information about nuclear power.

    21. Re:Meh by professionalfurryele · · Score: 1

      I think the reason most nerds are strong advocates of nuclear power is that the opposition to nuclear power comes from the same kind of idiocy that pisses them off in their daily lives.
      I think it is largely driven by anger that from their perspective a perfectly good (or at least a superior) technical solution to a major problem exists and the usual objections raised to it come from either crass stupidity, utterly disingenuous reasoning and most of all fear.
      The analogy I would use is when Firefox was becoming popular and IE6 was a massive security risk. Nerds repeatedly told people that IE was insecure and they should switch. And we heard FUD filled crap after FUD filled crap from people refusing to switch. These people still insisted we fix all of the problems their choices resulted in, but still acted like they knew best.
      For all the "slashdot thinks climate change is a conspiracy" claims I see I think most people on here agree with the scientific consensus. They ask themselves questions like:
      "Even if the worst case scenario occurs and there is a containment failure with nuclear waste storage how does that compare to the North American deserts extending over the great plains?"
      I for one am sick and tired of people using emotions and "Ahhh nuclear==Hiroshima" reasoning instead of cold hard logic when it comes to policy decisions. I'm equally tired of the work of nuclear scientists who have made great strides in making the technology safer being ignored through arguments like "modern reactors==RBMK design".
      Most of all I'm tired of the politics of fear, be it fear of technology or fear of different races or fear of homosexuals. I'm tired of idiots using their gut reaction instead of their brain to decide things, then screaming about how their ill informed gut reaction is just as valid an opinion as the research of my colleagues in the sciences.
      That isn't to say I haven't heard good arguments against nuclear reactors from smart people whose priorities are different to mine. There is a debate to be had. But the debate most advocates of nuclear power have are not with informed, intelligent people. They are with fear-mongering morons.

    22. Re:Meh by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      and in fact, I still think they are fairly dangerous in the wrong hands--and I can think of no wronger hands than a corporation interested in profits, we've all seen what damage they are willing to do in the name of profits

      In the name of profits, nuclear power plants like to keep their plants running as safely as possible. Every plant has inspectors from the http://www.nrc.gov/ on-site. They have the power to raise a hand and say "this looks wrong, shut the reactor down and take a closer look at it." If something ends up being wrong, the NRC will fine the plant appropriately and require all issues be fixed. Aside from that, every day that a plant is offline is another million dollars that the plant is not making.

      These factors are very strong incentives for corporations to keep their nuclear power plants operating in tip-top condition with no problems. Plants schedule maintenance for replacing fuel and parts that are known to have shorter lifespans, and it is not unusual for those maintenance periods to extend past the original dates because they found other things that should be replaced/fixed. Due to hefty fines, it is in a plant's best interest to find their own issues rather than let the NRC find them.

      The system (from my point of view) appears to be working rather well in this case.

    23. Re:Meh by Ihlosi · · Score: 1

      Aside from that, every day that a plant is offline is another million dollars that the plant is not making.

      These factors are very strong incentives for corporations to keep their nuclear power plants operating in tip-top condition with no problems.

      Or cover up any problems so they can keep them online as long as possible.

      Their economic interest dictates three things: Avoid fines. Maximize online time. Do both for as little money as possible. How these are achieved depends on the management.

    24. Re:Meh by MightyDrunken · · Score: 1
      While I agree with you post I feel you underestimate the possibilities of saving of energy.

      Thus, I do not support significant scaling back of our energy use - most of it really isn't excess, but is required to maintain our present living standard. Reducing energy consumption would require scaling it back very significantly, and I do not want to see that happen. We can definitely try to trim consumption down where possible, by using more energy efficient machines and technologies (such as those nifty insulated houses that leak very little heat). But in the end, this is still a drop in the ocean.

      Consider that 30% of a houses energy consumption is used for space heating, bumping up the insulation is not really a drop in the ocean. It is possible to build "zero carbon" housing.
      A internal combustion engine is only about 22% efficient and the driver is 1/10 the weight of the hunk of metal. There are major savings to be made in transportation efficiency through better materials and electricity powered vehicles.
      A lot of heat (up to 60%) is lost in electricity generation because turbines are limited to the carnot cycle. The waste heat could be used to heat buildings or used in industry.

      Of course any one thing is small because we use energy for so many things, but combined we waste a huge amount of energy. It's actually really embarrassing, the only reason people don't tend to notice is that energy is cheap right now. So do we use energy in excess, course we do. How many times have you left an unneeded light on? How many standby devices do you have that could be turned off? You may say, "Ah but they are nothing compared to my total energy usage". And you would be right and therefore make my point.

    25. Re:Meh by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      TVA is not a corporation, it is a government entity, founded in the New Deal from the first socialist President, Roosevelt. As such, its about a 100 billion dollars in debt (of course it doesnt matter, they work for the people who print it).

      Everyone should look at Sen. Lamar Alexanders plans (TN) to build 100 Nuke plants in the next 20 years. This is the way forward. I know everyone hates the repubs, but they have the plans to get us out of our funk. To bad they are not considered cool like the socialists.

    26. Re:Meh by Ihlosi · · Score: 1
      Thus, I do not support significant scaling back of our energy use - most of it really isn't excess, but is required to maintain our present living standard. Reducing energy consumption would require scaling it back very significantly, and I do not want to see that happen.

      That sounds very much like regurgitated conservative propaganda. _Especially_ in the US, there's a significant savings potential that would only minimally (if at all) affect the present living standard - in fact, it might even improve it (since after the investment has paid for itself, there's more money available to save/spend/whatever).

      The main reason why people aren't doing it already is the initial investment - even if it pays for itself in two or three years.

      We can definitely try to trim consumption down where possible, by using more energy efficient machines and technologies (such as those nifty insulated houses that leak very little heat). But in the end, this is still a drop in the ocean.

      Cutting the energy required to heat (and cool!) your house by 50% or more is a drop in the ocean? Do you have any idea how much energy is spent on heating and cooling?

    27. Re:Meh by QuantumPion · · Score: 1

      Also, when compared to wind and solar, Nuclear is the one power source that allow corporations to retain control of power generation.

      You think that the government is more honest and accountable then a publicly traded company? When is the last time you read about a major radiological disaster at a nuclear power plant? As for the government, well, they are STILL cleaning up the mess that is the plutonium production facilities around the country.

      What I'd really like to understand (I always ask this and I've never gotten an answer) is why some people are so for it.

      Because most of us pay for our own electricity bills and would prefer to not have to deal with higher rates or brownouts.

      but where does one get the motivation for the positive passion that this topic so often seems to create?

      Because it is such an amazing technology that is already here and now, not some 100-year-away dream. A nuclear reactor produces twice as much energy as the biggest coal plants, and instead of using an entire mile-long freight train of fuel every day, uses one train car worth of fuel for a whole year. It produces enough energy to heat 10,000 gallons of water by 50 degrees in 1 second - equivalent to a hiroshima-sized nuclear bomb every 6 hours. It's an engineering marvel on the level of the space shuttle in my opinion, but safe enough to be used all around the world.

    28. Re:Meh by Tteddo · · Score: 1

      Well, the other thing is nuclear power is something right out of science fiction to most people. They only have the vaguest idea how it works, and it's like magic. I think that adds to the passion also. To some people advancing nuclear power is propelling the human race into the fabulous future.

    29. Re:Meh by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      That sounds like a perfect opportunity for the NRC to fine the plant into oblivion for causing the nuclear industry to lose the trust and respect that it requires to grow. Do me a favor - go work for the NRC and find plants like that. They need to be exposed, if they exist.

    30. Re:Meh by Ihlosi · · Score: 1

      When is the last time you read about a major radiological disaster at a nuclear power plant?

      Would you accept a nuclear fuel processing plant? Then here's a juicy one, an actual criticality event that sustained a chain reaction for a couple of hours:

      http://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/publications/PDF/TOAC_web.pdf

    31. Re:Meh by sjames · · Score: 2, Interesting

      I can't explain everyone, but I can explain why I'm for it.

      One day, I decided as a mental exercise to consider all current and near term likely power sources and their environmental impacts great and small. Of all of them, nuclear technology potentially has the least overall impact. Wind farms require clearing of large amounts of land, spoil the natural beauty, and kill birds. Hydro kills fish and drys longstanding wetlands while flooding other habitats. Coal requires large mining operations, releases great amounts of greenhouse gasses and other pollutants into the environment and produces harmful slag that just gets buried with little oversight. Solar would require clear cutting to produce enough energy for civilization.

      Even going solar at my house would require me to cut down the trees in my front yard which are currently providing a nice habitat for many birds and other animals as well as giving me shade and a nice view. Somehow, I just can't see clear cutting my fairly wooded neighborhood as the environmentally friendly option.

      Nuclear will require some land, but that land can be reclaimed from existing coal plants. We have already mined enough uranium to last for many decades if we go with breeder technology. If we choose IFR, we can use the "spent" fuel we already have in "temporary" storage. The waste it produces will be kept away from the environment until it becomes safe in a few hundred years. Fuel suitable for an IFR is a much worse source for weapons than natural uranium ore. It would be too "poisoned" with actinides.

      As for the dangers, we have to look at Chernobyl. That reactor was the most dangerous design that is still in operation and the operators still had to do practically every don't in the manual to have it become a problem. In the U.S. it wouldn't have even been allowed to continue operating under a grandfather clause because of it's inherently dangerous design. The closest example we have under U.S. safety rules is TMI which, in spite of the hype and scare headlines ultimately did no harm. Since it was built, we have figured out how to greatly improve safety.

    32. Re:Meh by bill_kress · · Score: 1

      That sounds more believable than anything I've heard so far--makes sense as to why people would get emotional about it--although I don't think it's as clear cut as you think. Your willingness to whole-heartedly and blindly trust our government and industry the same people who brought you The Financial Crash through the inability to think or understand history, blind belief & faith in a theoretical financial system that has ALWAYS been known to have flaws (free market), greed and basic thievery... seems a little naive.

      But I don't doubt the technological problems are solvable, and I recognize that there is a drive in engineers to factor out or ignore the human part of the equation with the assumption that it's solvable since if we engineers put ourselves in their positions, WE could solve it easily.

    33. Re:Meh by bill_kress · · Score: 1

      From your description, I'd expect you to be as adamant about the importance of bringing light rail to your community as a nuclear power plant. Would that be accurate?

    34. Re:Meh by BJ_Covert_Action · · Score: 1

      hat I'd really like to understand (I always ask this and I've never gotten an answer) is why some people are so for it.

      Let me try to field this one from a slightly different point of view (Please don't mod this offtopic, it is relevant to the question asked). I am an Aerospace Engineer. Currently I work in trajectory analysis, however, I have worked on space system design projects in the past. When dealing with 'space' missions, one of the most difficult subsystems to design for a given spacecraft (satellite, probe, whatever), is the power subsystem (i.e. the electricity source). For spacecraft missions that involve staying within the asteroid belt (approximately) Solar panels are a sufficient, but somewhat cumbersome solution to the power source problem. While they can provide energy, they decay and cause massive moment arms to be constructed on a spacecraft that makes maneuvering a bitch. They are limited, therefore, in how much power they can provide to a system based on A) launch mass, and B) configuration resulting in large moment arms. Thus, they do well at powering relatively small spacecraft (the kind we have today, things like Comsats that have a 17 kW power budget). However, once you start pushing the 20 kW line, solar panels start giving engineers headaches.

      The solution to this problem is to find a power source that provides a LOT of energy, for relatively little mass and appendage construction. Nuclear reactors fill this void. While the fuel sources are heavy, they provide a veritable crap-ton (comparatively) of energy to a spacecraft. Using nuclear power on spacecraft can, and will, allow the development of larger, more complex spacecraft. If we are ever going to make extra-terrestrial, manned planetary expeditions regular, we are going to have to use nuclear power. It is that simple. If we are ever going to explore the outer solar system in detail, we need nuclear power. Developing more complex, safe, and efficient reactors here on the ground will directly spill over into newer, better reactors for space-based applications and, thus, better, more efficient spacecraft.

      The only question left to answer is why space exploration is important. Well that one is simple. This planet is limited in its lifespan, resources, and diversity. Eventually, there will be another cataclysmic event the likes of which took out the dinosaurs and trilobites. I, for one, would like to see humanity move beyond its own planet before that event. Eventually, we will exhaust Earth's resources. See Kardashev's discussion of the evolution of civilizations based on energy consumption. Humans will exploit this planet. It is necessary for us to convert the resources of this planet from useful energy into chaotic energy in order to survive and progress. Over time, the amount of useful energy left in this planet will run out (see Second Law of Thermodynamics). Finally, this planet is only one damn speck of dust in an entire universe. The amount of knowledge and experience we can gain on this very limited sample-space is tiny. If we want to continue to grow in our knowledge and realization of this universe, we need to broaden our experience. Just like those who never travel outside of their own country are often culturally biased or foolish, a species that never progresses beyond its own planet will forever remain blind and ignorant of the great experiences and opportunities this universe holds.

      Forgive me for the length, but this is the reason I am passionate about nuclear energy. It really is the only (current) modern energy source that will allow humanity to evolve as a species. Also, if that's not enough of a reason...think nuclear powered flying cars (See Back to the Future series).

    35. Re:Meh by bill_kress · · Score: 1

      > You think that the government is more honest and accountable then a publicly traded company?

      No, I think they are the same entity (at least in America). When I say I don't trust corporate America, I mean both the government and industry combined.

      > Because most of us pay for our own electricity bills and would prefer to not have to deal with higher rates or brownouts.

      That is such a small percentage of what I have to pay every month, if it's really bothering you that much, why don't you use less power? You'll save a lot more in the long run than you will if a power plant goes nuclear. This is exactly the kind of nonsensical argument that makes me think there is a motivating factor that people don't quite understand behind all this.

      In other words, if it was the money, there is a hundred BETTER things you can do--therefore you just posted a justification for a motivation that is either subconscious or you're not willing to share.

      My feeling isn't that it's not a good technology, it's that it's balanced enough with the unknowns that a good deal more caution is warranted.

      I wonder if that's the issue, that not everyone notices the extends stupid companies will go to in the name of profits.

      Here's a question or two: If they met the current requirements set out by the government, would you allow Microsoft or the RIAA to run a power plant and just assume they wouldn't try the profit-maximizing tricks they tried in the past? Would you just assume that they recognize that bending the laws and finding loopholes can apply to all the other parts of their business, but not their power plant? Would you assume that, as mangers vied for better salaries and promotions through cost cutting, nobody would find a cheaper way to run the plant through some loophole in the regulations? (Or do you assume the government is so good that there are no loopholes in the regulations?)

    36. Re:Meh by Tweenk · · Score: 1

      Nuclear is the one power source that allow corporations to retain control of power generation.

      The "decentralized generation" argument of wind and solar is rather weak.
      1. Best sites are in sparsely populated areas or offshore. You are not going to build a wind turbine or a solar farm there by yourself. Offshore wind farms, large solar farms in the desert, hydroelectric, tidal and geothermal power plants are going to be owned by corporations as well.
      2. The perspective of being energetically independent is a pipe dream. The required storage technology is not available (store your entire energy consumption for at least 10 months to cover for large seasonal variations, and ideally for 2 years or more to cover for worse years). If you are connected to the grid to avoid those problems, then having solar panels on the roof or a small wind turbine in the back yard is equivalent to owning a share in a power generating company.
      3. Power is a 100% pure commodity. This makes impossible most kinds of abusive corporate behavior. There is no fundamental difference between owning power generating capacity and not, except economical ones. The economical ones will diminish if this becomes common, since the cost of power during sunny/windy days will drop, while the cost on callm / cloudy days will rise.

      --
      Those who would give up liberty to obtain working drivers, deserve neither liberty nor working drivers.
    37. Re:Meh by shutdown+-p+now · · Score: 1

      I definitely enjoy parks and watching wildlife, but I don't see this as a good reason to worship nature regardless. We still build those parks for ourselves, to come and relax - not for their own sake. And we watch animals that we find cute, because it is entertaining for us. You say you enjoy insects fly - do you find cockroaches enjoyable to watch, for example? Ditto for growing plants at home - you don't grow random ones, you grow those that have been specifically breeded for that purpose - for our goals.

      In any case, if, to fully preserve nature, we have to dismantle our civilization and move back into shacks, I say screw nature. Preservation is good, but survival and development is paramount. We need a balance of them, not blind adherence to either extreme.

    38. Re:Meh by shutdown+-p+now · · Score: 1

      Thing is, our energy demands keep growing as our civilization does. We definitely can and should conserve energy where it's practical to do so, but we'll make up for it in more (real) energy demands in less than a decade. I'm not saying we shouldn't do it - it just won't solve the problem, merely give us a few more years, maybe a dozen or two in the best case.

    39. Re:Meh by bill_kress · · Score: 1

      Good points--and I completely agree with most of it. I think nuclear subs are a pretty good idea as well (although I'm a little nervous about all the Russian reactors out there at this point).

      But for me that doesn't translate to ground-based generation under the control of an entity that is 100% short-term profit driven.

      Also, on another point, your reason to go into space is kind of dubious as well. I fully back space exploration, I think the whole thing is good for economy, science and everything else, but when the world is destroyed, I think it should take the race that destroyed it down with it.

      I kind of see it as we've got a run-away cancer eating at a part of your body. It eats and grows so virulently that it destroys the part of the body it feeds on.

      You're never saving the cancer that's on the organ, is there really a huge advantage in having it send out little feelers to infect everything else?

      Maybe if we could learn to live within our means here first then I'd feel better about our going to other worlds.

      Plus the idea of just giving up on the planet because it's doomed is kind of hard-core. You are sentencing everyone here to a pretty horrific death. Space travel will never solve the real problems we face--overpopulation, pollution, resource consumption...

    40. Re:Meh by shutdown+-p+now · · Score: 1

      That sounds very much like regurgitated conservative propaganda. _Especially_ in the US, there's a significant savings potential that would only minimally (if at all) affect the present living standard - in fact, it might even improve it (since after the investment has paid for itself, there's more money available to save/spend/whatever).

      U.S. is not a good example, because it really stands out as extremely reckless energy user, wasting far more than is needed (just witness all the gas guzzlers... when I moved to North America, I found it very surprising how hard it is to find a decent, fuel-efficient, non-monstrously sized car to buy!). No argument there, and it definitely has to be changed.

      Cutting the energy required to heat (and cool!) your house by 50% or more is a drop in the ocean? Do you have any idea how much energy is spent on heating and cooling?

      Do you have an idea how much energy is spent on other things? Absolute numbers always look big; but in proportion, it's far less impressive.

      The killer, however, is that our (by which I mean humanity as a whole) energy demands are growing steadily, and there's no way around it unless you're willing to stop all technological development. Even if you cut down energy use by 50% with smart conservation tricks (not achievable without significant life quality decrease), we'll crawl back to it soon enough. So it doesn't solve the problem. Only new energy sources do.

      Energy conservation does, however, buy us more time to solve the problem, which is why I said that we shouldn't ignore it. Merely that it's not a panacea in and of itself, which many Greens make it to be.

    41. Re:Meh by shutdown+-p+now · · Score: 1

      Yes, absolutely. Well-developed public transport is a very good approach to energy conservation, and electric one, combined with abundance of electricity (which is what nuclear plants give) is both highly efficient at what it does, and much more environmentally friendly than existing arrangements. I'm not just speaking of rail, though - trolley buses are similarly good stuff, for example, and are used where I live presently (Vancouver). They're building a new rail line here, too, quite close to where my apartment is (and knowing that it will be completed soon was a major factor in deciding to rent this particular apartment).

      That said, cars also have their uses - and the sooner we switch them to electric as well, the better. This will probably need some government investment for an efficient switchover, however - not in the cars itself (Tesla seems to be doing just fine), but in charging infrastructure. In particular, we're going to need better electricity supply to meet the increased demand - and this, again, means nuclear (and hydro where the latter is available).

    42. Re:Meh by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      On the other hand, I still believe that needs of humanity come first, and that nature (and, in general, world around us) is something that we should use towards our goals and preserve for the sake of self-preservation; and not something inherently valuable in and of itself, or a god to worship.

      I have always found these (generally speaking) Western attitudes troubling. I don't know what will happen if, God forbid (or is it God deciding?), Nature thinks humans use disproportionate amount of resources compared to the other species and kicks our collective a**?

      Always remember, humans need Nature, not the other way around.

      Sigh.

    43. Re:Meh by shutdown+-p+now · · Score: 1

      I have always found these (generally speaking) Western attitudes troubling. I don't know what will happen if, God forbid (or is it God deciding?), Nature thinks humans use disproportionate amount of resources compared to the other species and kicks our collective a**?

      Don't anthropomorphize Nature - it hates it when you do that.

      Always remember, humans need Nature, not the other way around.

      Humans don't need any random kind of nature; we need nature that is suitable (and, ideally, comfortable) for us to live in. Hence why we change it.

      As a side note, humans are nature (or part of it, anyway). The division between "natural causes" and "human intervention" is very artificial - when ants build their anthills, is it natural? If it is, then so are our cities.

    44. Re:Meh by plover · · Score: 1

      I think the other piece is that nuclear technology is driven by engineers and scientists. I trust engineers to do the right thing much more than politicians or corporations. They're typically much better educated than politicians, and have less incentive to cut corners than corporations.

      Nuclear power instills a kind of "I am playing with God's Own Fire" level of respect. Decisions are exquisitely deliberate. Material properties are not just studied and understood, they are almost ingrained into their fiber. Their safety devices have fail-safe interlocks, and those interlocks have monitors and auditors. There isn't a field of applied physics that is as carefully considered.

      As a group, those are people I most trust to make the right decisions. And when politicians claim they're wrong, they are seldom equipped to back that challenge with facts -- yet they make the decisions anyway.

      --
      John
    45. Re:Meh by snowbank · · Score: 1

      I started out on an engineering track and still dabble as a hobbyist. I then got into business and somehow ended up as an economist. Working with people in at my job and studying people in my job, I have learned that the engineer in me consistently denies the realities of human nature. I want other people to be programmable and they aren't. They barley listen. let alone execute code.

      . So when you say, "as engineers we see those as solvable problems", I feel you loud and clear.From an engineering perspective, the problems are very solvable. From a social scientist perspective, they an intractable. There are so many places where engineers could be wrong in their calculations and designs and controls that it is just not worth the risk. What if we bury the waste under the ocean a volcano forms there in 1000 years that no one saw coming? There are so many opportunities for something to go wrong and the risks are horrible.

      I do not know what you all know about Chernobyl, but a friend of mine to a class at the Univ of Wash from a guy that spent a great deal of time in the area. I won't go into to detail, but those stories are still the worst things that I have ever heard in my life. As Vonnegut would, fates worse than death indeed.

      So I posit this all with the fact that there are several other options: negawatts, solar, wind, etc. They require more finesse, but as an Engineer, I see all their problems as solvable.

    46. Re:Meh by herbierobinson · · Score: 1

      This engineer doesn't think that disposing of nuclear waste is a solvable problem.

      For starters, it isn't dangerous for tens of thousands of years. It's dangerous for more than a million years (source -- the licensing background documents for Yucca mountain produced by the DOE).

      Even if it was only dangerous for tens of millions of years, we don't have a clue how to build anything that lasts that long. Remember that engineering is applying proven technologies to solve problems. Right now, the longest lived structures in the world are around 5000 years old (the pyramids) and they have already failed to serve there intended purpose (protect the graves of the builders). It stretches one's credibility to claim we can store something safely for 1000 years, let alone a million!

      The best we can do is make an educated guess and I wouldn't trust it to be very good...

      --
      An engineer who ran for Congress. http://herbrobinson.us
    47. Re:Meh by herbierobinson · · Score: 1

      And again, we pretent nuclear waste doesn't exist!

      --
      An engineer who ran for Congress. http://herbrobinson.us
    48. Re:Meh by shutdown+-p+now · · Score: 1

      I realize it's bad manners to quote myself, but what can I do if people don't read?

      yes, there's waste, but that can be fairly easily contained and controlled.

      I forgot to add "reused", by the way - most of what we classify as "waste" these days isn't really that.

    49. Re:Meh by herbierobinson · · Score: 1

      Nuclear waste remains dangerous for a million years (DOE information). The only person who would make the statement it can be "easily contained and controlled" either hasn't researched the problem or has never actually implemented anything that works.

      --
      An engineer who ran for Congress. http://herbrobinson.us
    50. Re:Meh by shutdown+-p+now · · Score: 1

      Nuclear waste remains dangerous for a million years (DOE information).

      That's not "waste", that's fuel that we aren't using purely for political reasons. Enlighten yourself. But anyway...

      The only person who would make the statement it can be "easily contained and controlled" either hasn't researched the problem or has never actually implemented anything that works.

      Your logic fails here. Even if the waste does remain radioactive for such long periods of time, what relevance does it have to containing and controlling it? Its total amount in volume is still minuscule, and there are plenty of places where we can shove it away from us and be sure that it remains safe there.

    51. Re:Meh by herbierobinson · · Score: 1

      I know all about the breeder reactors and other technology we have no plans to ever build. It is totally irrelevant because we have NO PLANS TO EVER BUILD IT. And it's not because of politics, it's because of cost and risk (read your own Wiki reference). Nuclear plants already cost more to build than most other technologies (PV being the exception) and that's without taking into account the true cost of fuel disposal/reprocessing or taking into account they get free liability insurance from the government (which all the other technologies have to pay for). If they had to actually reprocess the waste, the cost might be much higher.

      I would hardly call the amount of nuclear waste being generated as minuscule. The entire (huge) Yucca mountain facility is already over subscribed! The total amount we are generating with existing plants is more than the planned Yucca mountain facility is capable of holding (DOE info). Your own references states there are "thousands of tons".

      And that's if you buy into the fantasy that something that is dangerous for more than a million years can stay safely buried for that period of time. The "design" of the Yucca facility included estimating how long it would take for the containers to break down and how long after that it would take for the nuclear waste to leach into the groundwater. Given the amount of experience we have at tracking pollutants leeching into groundwater (a few decades), I would expect those estimates to be about as reliable as a Ouija board.

      The fundamental problem here is that the entire nuclear industry and the nuclear part of DOE are still operating like it was 1970. They pretend the waste problem doesn't exist (hence, no reprocessing technology deployment) and use secrecy to hide what they are doing to avoid accountability. As long as that's the way they are going to operate, they have to be stopped.

      --
      An engineer who ran for Congress. http://herbrobinson.us
  15. Minor nitpick by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Minor nitpick: Braidwood #1 and #2 came online in 1988, 21 years ago so Watts Bar #1 is NOT "the only new nuclear reactor added to the grid in the last 25 years."

    I now return you to the political arguments...

    1. Re:Minor nitpick by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Even more minor nitpick: First New US Nuclear Reactor In a Decade On Track

  16. Lost Time by CopaceticOpus · · Score: 4, Insightful

    I think it's great to see new nuclear power coming online, but it's too bad this is simply the completion of a project begun in the 1970's. There hasn't been enough work done in the US to advance the design of nuclear power stations in the last few decades. I wonder how much more efficiently these stations could be built and run today if we had been focused on the problem all this time.

    1. Re:Lost Time by Registered+Coward+v2 · · Score: 4, Informative

      I think it's great to see new nuclear power coming online, but it's too bad this is simply the completion of a project begun in the 1970's. There hasn't been enough work done in the US to advance the design of nuclear power stations in the last few decades. I wonder how much more efficiently these stations could be built and run today if we had been focused on the problem all this time.

      Actually, there's been a lot of work on reactor designs over the last decade o so:

      GE has the ABWR and SBWR plants, and ABWRs have been built in Japan,

      Westinghouse has the AP-600 (now AP-1000), and

      CE had the System 80+

      Of these, the SBWR and AP-1000 are probably the most advanced, in the sense of passive safety systems and i teh SBWR's case, natural circulation. Both are attempts to simply construction and operation to reduce costs and increase safety.

      The AP-1000 and SBWR will probably be the next generation of US plats, built at existing sites where multiple units were planned but not built; since those sites have already passed NRC site approval.

      --
      I'm a consultant - I convert gibberish into cash-flow.
    2. Re:Lost Time by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Informative

      I know that the AP1000 is approved by the NRC (and tangentially, being built in China), but I hadn't heard of the SBWR, so I wiki'd it. Wikipedia states: "The Simplified Boiling Water Reactor was not submitted to or approved by the NRC, or even built; still, the concept remained intriguing to GE's designers, and served as the basis of future developments." Is this the same reactor you were talking about? If so, it sounds like they plan on taking it further before submitting it to the NRC.

    3. Re:Lost Time by jasenj1 · · Score: 1

      DNRTFA, but came here to say this.

      Are they just completing a reactor that was designed and started over 30 years ago? Or are they incorporating modern designs, techniques, & technologies?

      - Jasen.

    4. Re:Lost Time by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Replace "SBWR" with "ESBWR" and the post makes sense.

    5. Re:Lost Time by herbierobinson · · Score: 1

      And absolutely nothing has been done to solve the nuclear waste problem. My claim is that's because it can't be solved.

      --
      An engineer who ran for Congress. http://herbrobinson.us
    6. Re:Lost Time by Registered+Coward+v2 · · Score: 1

      And absolutely nothing has been done to solve the nuclear waste problem. My claim is that's because it can't be solved.

      Actually, reprocessing solves a good bit of it; and the actual amount is small. It's a political, not technical, problem.

      --
      I'm a consultant - I convert gibberish into cash-flow.
  17. I heard... by lymond01 · · Score: 5, Funny

    that they were just waiting on Windows 7.

    1. Re:I heard... by Zantetsuken · · Score: 1

      I think somebody forgot to tell them DNF finally got canned...

    2. Re:I heard... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      That's the funniest thing I've heard all day. Thanks, I needed that.
      Bill

  18. Will they hire people who show up on day 1 even if by Joe+The+Dragon · · Score: 1

    Will they hire people who show up on day 1 even if they only have a high school diploma?

  19. hit by lowest-bidder disasters by aztracker1 · · Score: 4, Insightful

    And the military isn't?

    --
    Michael J. Ryan - tracker1.info
    1. Re:hit by lowest-bidder disasters by zx-15 · · Score: 1

      Military has no-bidder disasters.

    2. Re:hit by lowest-bidder disasters by budgenator · · Score: 1

      Highest spec's, lowest bidder, we always get the worst of the best!

      --
      Apocalypse Cancelled, Sorry, No Ticket Refunds
  20. Externality (Waste Disposal) by dcollins · · Score: 3, Interesting

    "TVA's board decided in 2007 to finish the reactor because it is projected to provide cheaper, no carbon-emitting power..."

    Where does the waste go? (TBD) What is the cost of waste disposal? (TBD) Have they factored that cost into their calculations? (No)

    --
    We know where leadership by an anti-intellectual "strongman" who scapegoats minorities and likes boisterous rallies goes
    1. Re:Externality (Waste Disposal) by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      because there is no net cost, that spent fuel is a gold mine of usable for a breeder. net profit.

    2. Re:Externality (Waste Disposal) by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Acutally, the answer to your last question is YES. All nuclear power plant operators are required to pay into a federally managed trust fund to cover the cost of waste disposal and site decommissioning when the plant is retired. In fact, several large utilities are currently suing the Department of Energy (and winning) for failing to take their nuclear waste as legally required.

      Yucca Mountain was probably "good enough." A site like WIPP would be better. But really, there's no rush. Intermediate storage is a *much* more economical option until we can figure out how to made fast reactors economical. Then the LWR (light water reactor) waste can be recycled into fuel for the fast reactors, and their waste is pretty short-lived. Storing something that is extremely radioactive -- but only for 1,000 years is a much easier proposition than storing something that's not as radioactive, but lasts for 10-100,000 years.

      And yes, I *am* a nuclear engineer/physicist.

    3. Re:Externality (Waste Disposal) by IICV · · Score: 4, Insightful
      TBD is better than the answers you get for coal:
      • Where does the waste go? (Into the air, including all the little radioactive uranium and thorium particles that live in coal)
      • What is the cost of waste disposal? (Absolutely free, because we're just farting it all out into the atmosphere. Not quite as cheap when you factor in the increased incidence of cancer in those who live downwind, though.)
      • Have they factored that cost into their calculations? (Nope, and that's why we have the problems we do today.)
    4. Re:Externality (Waste Disposal) by TroyHaskin · · Score: 1

      Where does the waste go?

      The used assemblies, usually on a 12-18 month cycle, will be put into wet storage (a big pool of cooled water) for a period of time until all highly radioactive/short half-life substances have decayed to reasonable levels. Then they will be put into dry casks and stored on-site until such a time as the Federal Government opens a suitable long-term or interim storage repository.

      What is the cost of waste disposal?

      Nuclear waste disposal and technology development is all on the Federal Government. As per the Nuclear Energy Act of 1982, the generators (plants) will pay the DOE 1 mill/KWe-h (1 $/MWe-h) to assume ownership of the waste.

      Have they factored that cost into their calculations?

      Under the assumption that TVA is a money-making entity and has a finance department, I would assume they do

    5. Re:Externality (Waste Disposal) by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Waste disposal is already paid for by utilities. The government charges them 1 mill/kW-hr ($0.001/kW-hr). This cost has already been factored in to their calculations.

      The waste is owned by the DOE, and is not the property or responsibility of the utilities.

    6. Re:Externality (Waste Disposal) by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Where does the waste go?

      Well, we could form it into pills and force-feed it to politicians who continue to perpetuate the moronic nuclear reprocessing policies we have here in the US. Read "There Is No Such Thing as Nuclear Waste". It doesn't address recycling of the containment facility & other structures at plant end-of-life, but those materials are safe within centuries - no need for a solution like Yucca Mountain. Nor does the article cover the potential of breeder reactors. Still, with regard to the U-235 itself and the generated isotopes, it's pretty much spot on.

      Furthermore, it should be inherently obvious that the misguided decisions of Presidents Ford & Carter, intended to reduce proliferation, have actually created greater vulnerability due to the increasing build-up of nuclear "waste" which must be guarded instead of being returned to the fuel cycle. The threat here is mostly of the "dirty bomb" variety rather than plutonium refinement from stolen material, but it still exists. Ever greater quantities of nuclear material, usually stored on-site at the plants, aren't reducing that risk.

      - T

    7. Re:Externality (Waste Disposal) by dcollins · · Score: 1

      "The waste is owned by the DOE, and is not the property or responsibility of the utilities."

      Precisely, an "externality". We will end up paying more for it in the future.

      --
      We know where leadership by an anti-intellectual "strongman" who scapegoats minorities and likes boisterous rallies goes
    8. Re:Externality (Waste Disposal) by dcollins · · Score: 1

      "TBD is better than the answers you get for coal:"

      Nonsense. You can't say that TBD is better or worse than anything; it's TBD. When evaluating "NAN < CoalCost", the answer is FALSE.

      In all likelihood, future generations will wind up paying more for cleanup than the value we get out of the power today. It's one of the very examples of an "externality" in the article here.

      --
      We know where leadership by an anti-intellectual "strongman" who scapegoats minorities and likes boisterous rallies goes
    9. Re:Externality (Waste Disposal) by Ihlosi · · Score: 1
      Read "There Is No Such Thing as Nuclear Waste".

      I did. This nonsense is almost as ridiculous as the crap that the environmentalists occasionally spout, and is doing nuclear power quite a disservice. Whoever wrote this should be sent back to school.

      It doesn't address recycling of the containment facility & other structures at plant end-of-life, but those materials are safe within centuries - no need for a solution like Yucca Mountain.

      1. Is claims that uranium-238 makes up 1% of Earths crust. WTF? That's enough to stop reading right there. It's 2-4 ppm in Earths crust, so the author is only, what, about five orders of magnitude off?
      2. The author seems to have no clue on how much effort it takes to separate a spent fuel rod into a dozen fscking isotopes. Extracting uranium and plutonium is one thing (can be done chemically), and they can easily be re-enriched _after_ they've been extracted and purified. But extract all the other fission products that might be useful? Err ... no. These isotopes are generated in reactors and particle accelerators that specialize in doing so.
      3. The author claims that uranium-235 is "completely transformed into energy". WTF? We're a few decades (and a good source of antimatter) away from matter-antimatter power generation, sorry.
      4. The author completely ignores waste produced by activation.

      Whoever wrote this should stick to writing financial articles and stay the heck away from anything remotely technical.

    10. Re:Externality (Waste Disposal) by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Read "There Is No Such Thing as Nuclear Waste".

      I did. This nonsense is almost as ridiculous as the crap that the environmentalists occasionally spout, and is doing nuclear power quite a disservice. Whoever wrote this should be sent back to school.

      Perhaps I didn't put enough disclaimers on my recommendation. I think we should be mindful that this is an opinion piece published in WSJ rather than a peer-reviewed scientific journal, and that Mr. Tucker is a journalist, not a scientist. The level of technical detail (despite certain errors) is probably about right for an opinion piece directed at WSJ's demographics. I also suspect that WSJ's editors might have been a tad aggressive. While I generally agree with your points, I do have responses.

      Is claims that uranium-238 makes up 1% of Earths crust. WTF? That's enough to stop reading right there. It's 2-4 ppm in Earths crust, so the author is only, what, about five orders of magnitude off?

      Yes, I assumed this was an unintentional error, and I'd hope his book doesn't have such awful problems (I haven't read it). But that error doesn't detract from his point that U-238 is no worse than the natural ore from which it came. Some people's basements are more dangerous (look up "Radon mitigation").

      The author seems to have no clue on how much effort it takes to separate a spent fuel rod into a dozen fscking isotopes. Extracting uranium and plutonium is one thing (can be done chemically), and they can easily be re-enriched _after_ they've been extracted and purified. But extract all the other fission products that might be useful? Err ... no. These isotopes are generated in reactors and particle accelerators that specialize in doing so.

      I haven't been able to verify the author's assertion that we get most of our medical/industrial radioactive isotopes from Canada, but given current reprocessing policy, would that surprise you? And how much of that need can be satisfied domestically by "reactors and particle accelerators that specialize in doing so"?

      The author claims that uranium-235 is "completely transformed into energy". WTF? We're a few decades (and a good source of antimatter) away from matter-antimatter power generation, sorry.

      I believe this was probably the result of WSJ's editors shortening Mr. Tucker's text. I'm pretty sure he meant something like "12 ounces of U-235 will have been transformed into fission products", not Start Trek technology. As evidence of that, he acknowledges fission byproducts elsewhere, as you noted in your prior point. But even if you were correct and he completely misunderstood the relationship between U-235 fission and the energy it releases, that's still tangential to his point about nuclear waste. It's merely background for the non-scientist reader, who likely doesn't know why U-235 and U-238 are treated differently, or even that there are different "kinds" of Uranium.

      The author completely ignores waste produced by activation.

      Agreed, and if Mr. Tucker failed to cover that in his book, it would be an egregious omission; I feel it's less problematic that he didn't mention it in this kind of article. However, I noted that deficiency in my post, and specifically indicated that the article was solely relevant to waste from nuclear fuel. Nevertheless, if we intend to use nuclear fission as a "bridge" to a time when fusion energy is practical, then this problem might not be going away - the ITER design would also produce neutrons, leading to activation within the plant structures. I believe we might as well develop reasonable approaches and infrastructure for dealing with the problem, since it currently looks like it will remain with us in a fusion economy (not to mention material from all the eventually decommissioned fission plants). Most of these wastes have dangerous lifetimes best expressed in centuries, so a solution like Yucca Mountain probably isn't required.

      - T

    11. Re:Externality (Waste Disposal) by Ihlosi · · Score: 1
      I think we should be mindful that this is an opinion piece published in WSJ rather than a peer-reviewed scientific journal, and that Mr. Tucker is a journalist, not a scientist.

      The errors in his text don't need a scientist to spot and correct. That's the big problem.

      Yes, I assumed this was an unintentional error,

      Unintentional or not, it's definitely more serious than a mere typo, since he also draws the conclusion from it that U238 can be put right back in the earth anywhere you want. 1% uranium content would be pretty good uranium ore, so maybe, possibly, you can stick U238 back in old uranium mines without causing too much damage.

      And how much of that need can be satisfied domestically by "reactors and particle accelerators that specialize in doing so"?

      Many (if not most) isotopes used in nuclear medicine are very short-lived (half-lives of _hours_ to months). They have to be produced specifically, because by the time a spent fuel rod leaves the reactor, gets shipped to a reprocessing plant, and processed, they'll be gone.

      Other industrial isotopes are usually generated by exposing certain materials to the neutron radiation of a nuclear reactor - therefore they are avaiable more quickly (not just at the next refueling) and don't need to be separated.

      As evidence of that, he acknowledges fission byproducts elsewhere, as you noted in your prior point.

      I found it a bit odd that he never calls these isotopes "fission products". The way the article is written makes me believe that the author thinks these isotops just appear magically out of nowhere.

      It's merely background for the non-scientist reader, who likely doesn't know why U-235 and U-238 are treated differently, or even that there are different "kinds" of Uranium.

      It appears to me that the author is trying to market a product (nuclear fuel reprocessing), which he doesn't really understand, to an audience that also doesn't understand it (or else they'd be pointing out all the baloney in the article). Not a good combination.

  21. huh? by confused+one · · Score: 2

    What's with the reference to the coal fly-ash spill in the middle of the summary about TVA building nuclear power plants?

    1. Re:huh? by Chirs · · Score: 2, Informative

      Because fly-ash is radioactive.

    2. Re:huh? by confused+one · · Score: 1

      Still doesn't make much sense, even if it is more radioactive than the surrounding dirt. It was essentially thrown in there gratuitously.

    3. Re:huh? by confused+one · · Score: 1

      follow up... I just checked again and the amount of radiation received due to fly-ash, for someone living next to the power plant, is like 1.5 to 15 mrem/yr per usgs. The higher number is only an additional 5% above background of 360 mrem /yr average. The worst case measured was around 50mrem / yr, due to contamination of the ground where food was being grown resulting in a buildup within the body of those eating the food. They are fairly insignificant numbers.

  22. Home means Nevada, home means the hills... by Xaedalus · · Score: 5, Funny

    The hills of Dixie Valley in this case. Fallon, NV was witness to an above-ground nuke in the 1960's at some point. The whole town came out to watch the big boom (more than 25 miles away). Apparently you can still go out there to Dixie Valley and see the blast crater. And yes, I'm a Nevadan. I glow in the dark and sport an absurd immunity to arsenic. When the apocalypse does come around, I and my fellow Nevadans will be duking it out with the giant mutant cockroaches and their cthonic overloads atop the mounds of your corpses. (Texans ain't got shit when it comes to heat, environment, guns per capita, or any claim to be tough in general - we laugh in their general direction)

    --
    Here's to hot beer, cold women, and Glaswegian kisses for all.
    1. Re:Home means Nevada, home means the hills... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Funny

      Hell yes. I'm disappointed that someone modded you down, but it's mostly likely some Texan who couldn't take the heat.

    2. Re:Home means Nevada, home means the hills... by smellsofbikes · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Mushroom cloud over Las Vegas, NV, from the university of las vegas photo collection. Here's another that's actually a photograph instead of a heavily retouched/colorized picture. These are from November, 1951.

      --
      Nostalgia's not what it used to be.
  23. Well, reactor, not plant by WindBourne · · Score: 2, Interesting

    The summary is all over in terms of calling it new plant, when it is really a new reactor. But that is a good start. It would be nice if the pubs would push the concept of even 1 new nuclear plant / every 4 states. Heck, the stimulus money could have done a nice job of funding this and allowing us to move nicely to electric cars.

    With that said, I do think that we need to continue with AE esp Geo-thermal and Solar Thermal. Both are capable of base load power, which is really what is needed.

    --
    I prefer the "u" in honour as it seems to be missing these days.
  24. YES! by Xaedalus · · Score: 1

    Please spew on the following: 1 - the likelihood of a comet bearing alien spores crashing into the Earth and infecting everyone with Athlete's Face. 2 - the coming Zombie armageddon and how long it'll take all the bodies to rot away in the weather so we survivors can keep on living 3 - Megan Fox... oh wait, women in general! 4 - String Theory 5 - Spam - the actual meat 6 - Cowboy Neal's Brain 7 - carbuncles 8 - How is it that Greg Gumbel STILL has a job?

    --
    Here's to hot beer, cold women, and Glaswegian kisses for all.
  25. Unlikely by Burning1 · · Score: 1

    I just finished reading a book (Prisoner's Dilemma) discussing the development of the Nuclear Bomb, and among other things, the period of time between the US development of the bomb, and Russia's development of the bomb.

    One of the more interesting factoids I took from the book was a comment about the power of a single traditional fusion weapon: although incredibly powerful, a nuke is not powerful enough to level a major city -- a hydrogen bomb would be needed for that level of destruction.

    In fact, I doubt that the worst case scenario for a nuclear reactor would cause a level of devastation and loss of life comparable to what we've already experienced in the wake of Hurricane Katrina.

  26. Its the waste stupid. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Insightful

    No one answers the question: Where are you going to put the waste? You can't recycle or reprocess everything and whats left is mind bogglingly bad.

    The reason is, there is no answer for a 250,000 year problem like that. Even if you find a 'solution' to keep it out of the easy to parts of the world we use you still have left future generations a crap load of trouble in addition to what every they will have to deal with.
    Thanks mom.

    1. Re:Its the waste stupid. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      No one answers the question: Where are you going to put the waste? You can't recycle or reprocess everything and whats left is mind bogglingly bad.

      The reason is, there is no answer for a 250,000 year problem like that. Even if you find a 'solution' to keep it out of the easy to parts of the world we use you still have left future generations a crap load of trouble in addition to what every they will have to deal with.
      Thanks mom.

      Because nuclear "waste" is only a problem because you want it to be a problem.

      1. Most of the nuclear "waste" is perfectly good nuclear fuel contaminated by highly-radioactive byproducts of the nuclear reaction. Reprocessing the "waste" to recover the fuel reduces the actual waste to a fraction of its original volume.

      2. The most highly radioactive elements have the shortest half life. So the actual waste after reprocessing is going to be about as radioactive as the ore it was mined from after 500 to 600 years. Not insignificant, but nowhere near 250,000 years (250,000 years!? Hyperbole much?).

      3. There are designs like the Integral Fast Reactor that produce little or no high level radioactive waste and can even "burn" waste from conventional reactors. Although development was discontinued under the Clinton administration.

    2. Re:Its the waste stupid. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Dump it in the air like the coal and gas fired plants do.

    3. Re:Its the waste stupid. by 4D6963 · · Score: 1, Interesting

      The reason is, there is no answer for a 250,000 year problem like that.

      Bullshit. All you have to do is recycle it as much as you can, store it, recycle it some more if you find a new way, store it, then eventually in 300 years either dump it into the nuclear melting core of Earth or send it into the big nuclear fire ball in the sky. Problem solved, and in the meantime you haven't dumped anything bad into the atmosphere.

      --
      You just got troll'd!
    4. Re:Its the waste stupid. by OneSmartFellow · · Score: 1

      I think you need to watch the MIT lectures given on this topic. Sorry, I can't find the exact link, but I watched them about a year ago, so I know they're available online. Basically, this is a non-issue, which is spun out of control by people who know nothing about spent nuclear fuel, or how it may be made safe.

    5. Re:Its the waste stupid. by unwiredmatt · · Score: 1

      If you look at the designs for some more recent scientific reactors like the integral fast reactor [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integral_Fast_Reactor] the end of the decay series isn't radioactive for long (~400 years). These reactors can also reuse the radioactive waste we already have with a little processing. Radioactive waste from current reactors only needs to be contained for around 10,000 years.

      --
      Matt
    6. Re:Its the waste stupid. by ducomputergeek · · Score: 1

      Five words: Breeder Reactors and fuel reprocessing

      Proliferation treaties be damned. We've already got more than enough warheads and the only place we export our nukes to is England.

      --
      "The problem with socialism is eventually you run out of other people's money" - Thatcher.
    7. Re:Its the waste stupid. by Renevith · · Score: 1

      250,000 years?? Thanks for just making up a big number. Current reactor designs have a 10,000 year problem, which most people agree is beyond our ability to manage. No civilization has existed for anything close to that amount of time, so there's no way we can guarantee its safety, no matter how well it's stored. The reason the waste is dangerous for so long is (I'm simplifying a little) because there's still a lot of energy left to extract from it.

      However, there are more recent reactor designs (such as "breeder" reactors) that actually extract that energy by recycling the fuel multiple times. This means two things:
      1. They get more power with less fuel (efficiency! And, the "peak uranium" problem is pushed back by many more centuries).
      2. Their waste is only radioactive for ~100 years, not ~10,000.

      Read more: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breeder_reactor

      Nobody with any sense is advocating for more 70's style reactors, because of the waste problem among other things. Nuclear advocates are almost always thinking of the new breeder designs or something similar. They still have a waste problem, but not an intractable one. And unlike coal, none of the waste is spewed into the atmosphere, so at least we have the potential to handle it well.

    8. Re:Its the waste stupid. by Tweenk · · Score: 1

      In Europe this problem has obviously been solved. It's only a problem in the US where 'environmentalists' keep shouting "nuclear waste" and blocking all attempts at solving the issue long after presented with several good propositions. The problem with nuclear waste is the 'environmentalists' and not the waste itself.

      250,000 years is very short on the geological scale, and putting uranium in old salt mines and other geologically stable sites deep underground has no significant problems, except some people think that the infinitesimally small chance of a giant earthquake that causes all this waste to somehow find its way into groundwater and kill our distant ancestors that know nothing about radioactivity (yeah right) is much less likely that their empty heads being hit with a meteor.

      --
      Those who would give up liberty to obtain working drivers, deserve neither liberty nor working drivers.
    9. Re:Its the waste stupid. by sjames · · Score: 1

      The answer is use it in a fast reactor so you end up with a much smaller quantity of waste that only lasts 500 years.

      The "waste" now is 95% useful fuel and 5% true waste that will be dangerous for a few hundred years and above background for about 500 years.

      BTW, even the most pessimistic estimates that presume we don't alter the spent fuel AT ALL only claim it's dangerous for 10,000 years. You're an order of magnitude above the very worst plausible case.

      In a few centuries, the waste disposal site will be a rich mine packed full of useful raw materials for industry.

    10. Re:Its the waste stupid. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Here's a simple rule of thumb for radioactive waste.

      If it's highly energetic, the it has a very short half-life. Which means that it decays away to low levels within a few years/decades.

      If it's got a long half-life, the it's not very energetic. In which case, you're looking at a problem of a few hundred years. But because the energies involved are so low, shielding and storage is a lot easier.

  27. About time... by plazman30 · · Score: 1

    Though I don't really trust the safety record of the TVA, it's about time we get some more nuclear reactors online. All the global warming guys should love them because they produce NO GREENHOUSE GASES.

  28. By Neruos by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    there is no such thing as green. Green is a media marketing PR event. Creation takes destruction, plain and simple. Nuclear power isn't green, far from it. But it is enviromentally friend when it comes to popultion vs. service output. Humans have to master nuclear power before they can get to self sustained fusion/fission.

  29. Redundancy by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    If you just do an estimate, "tons" is enough.

    1 imperial ton = 1.01604691 metric tons

  30. i will simply refer to... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    the episode of penn and teller's bullshit! where they debunk all of the 'radioactive waste' fears and all the other bullshit associated with nuclear energy.

    season 5, episode 9, for those of you too lazy to look up an episode guide.... inform yourselves, and don't perpetuate bullshit regarding an "energy crisis".

    that's just my 2 cents...

  31. IT'S ABOUT TIME!!!!!..... by IHC+Navistar · · Score: 2, Interesting

    ABOUT FUCKING TIME!!!!!

    It's great to hear about someone finally building another nuclear plant in stead of another coal- or gas-fired plant. Here in the People's Republik of Kalifornia, nuclear power is verboten, and mentioning it will get your ass drummed out of town by "newspaper scientists" and politicians who allow themselves to be led around by the nose by environmentalists who wouldn't know a rational thought if it bit them on the nose.

    However, unless this is a PBMR, the problem is only half-finished. Nuclear wast cannot be stored for the thousands or millions of years that it would need to decay to a safe level. The solution would be to use a breeder reactor to efficiently reprocess the waste fuel, instead of simply storing it underground. This would reduce the amount of raw fuel production that would be needed, and would greatly reduce the quantity of radioactive waste, which could be separated into usable isotopes. Apparently, Jimmy Carted, despite his nuclear degrees, thought that it would be better just to let waste accumulate in huge quantities underground, instead of *RECYCLING* it back into usable nuclear fuel, and caved into the demands of the Greens and banned breeder reactor construction.

    Here in the People's Republik of Kalifornia, Greens attack every form of power generation, except, for some reason, gas turbines.

    1. Solar - Uses up too much valuable land, not efficient enough for the energy demands of the state. Extremely expensive and not useful on cloudy days. Technology not advanced enough.
    2. Wind - Indefinite moratorium in CA, because the places windy enough to make them efficient are in the flight paths of birds. Banned in Altamont, CA, the windiest place on the planet.
    3. Nuclear - "Sen." Feinstein has vowed to oppose any form of nuclear power. Not going to happen in CA. Feinstein refuses to educate herself on PBMRs, and instead listens to lobbyists.
    4. Geothermal - Not efficient enough due to too few suitable locations (Many in open spaces and parks).

    Rep. Ellen Tauscher, a Democrat from Kalifornia, is one of the few Democrats to actually see the advantages of nuclear power generation over those who remain blinded by politics. Although a democrat, I still have to give her serious props in her position on nuclear power.

    --
    Knowing Google's lust for data collection, the Soviet Union is still alive and well inside the psyche of Sergey Brin....
  32. How do nuke proponents view Lovins' research? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Amory Lovins and the Rocky Mountain Institute, an organization established to research sustainability and energy efficiency (not an environmentalist outfit) published a paper called "The Nuclear Illusion" last year that compared the costs of nuclear energy and alternatives. Their conclusion is that nuclear is not cost effective:

    "In fact, nuclear power is continuing its decades-long collapse in the use itâ(TM)s grossly uncompetitive, unneeded, and obsoleteâ"so hopelessly uneconomic that one neednâ(TM)t debate whether itâ(TM)s clean and safe; it weakens electric reliability and national security; and it worsens cland time to more effective options. "

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Nuclear_Illusion

    I was curious how do proponents of nuclear energy view this research?

  33. First New Nuclear in a Decade? by Kizeh · · Score: 4, Insightful

    The title is pretty misleading, as it omits "US." One might also look outside of the US borders for some examples of how new nuclear power plants are coming along -- or aren't.

  34. Go Thorium, or go home! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    http://thoriumenergy.blogspot.com/
    Everyone should now about this. Traditional nuclear reactors are not nearly as efficient as Liquid Fluoride Thorium Reactors are. There is a short clip about this on the above URL. Anyone that thinks nuclear is the way to go for our energy crisis is correct, but only if they are talking about Thorium. Any other way, would be ignorant.

    Check this out too:
    http://thoriumenergy.com/

  35. Breeder Reactor... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    ... instead of *RECYCLING* it back into usable nuclear fuel, and [Carter] caved into the demands of the Greens ...

    Thanks for spreading falsehoods!

    I agree with your argument 100%, except this point. The reason Carter did that is to limit reprocessing in _other_ countries. If the Western countries can, then how do you prevent others from doing it (Do as I say, not as I do).

    You do know why you NEED to stop "unstable" (let's say) states from reprocessing don't you? Because it easy (in relative terms) to extract weapons grade Pu? Right?

    Let's get back to reprocessing like Europe and Japan do, yes. You'll have to deal with the "unstable" states anyway.

    1. Re:Breeder Reactor... by IHC+Navistar · · Score: 1

      "The reason Carter did that is to limit reprocessing in _other_ countries"

      -----No, he limited it in the U.S. Other nations, like France, use breeder reactors to recycle their waste. The international part is not an international ban, but he did ban it in the U.S. separately.

      The concern was that someone might steal it from the reprocessing plants, as if they couldn't steal it from other sources. Jiimmy Carter's actions aren't going to stop any rogue nation from getting plutonium or building their own reactors. All Carter did was remove a very powerful menas of managing nuclear waste.

      --
      Knowing Google's lust for data collection, the Soviet Union is still alive and well inside the psyche of Sergey Brin....
  36. Just Takes One - or many military (TVA/Hanford) by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    "cannot happen with US power reactors"

    But it can happen with US military reactors, which are very much like (even predecessors to) Chernobyl in design.

    http://www.hanford.gov/doe/history/files/HistoryofBArea.pdf

    Whoa, what's that! The cooling water is pumped right out of the Columbia River, goes right over the fuel, and then back into the river? Why, yes it does! (nice diagrams included, take a look)

  37. Plutonium comes from ... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    "Oh one more thing - plutonium isn't extracted from the ground, it is synthetic, created by nuclear transmutation. One neutron capture U-238 + n -> U-239, followed by two spontaneous beta-decays (neutron turns to proton, emits electron and antineutrino), U-239 -> Np-239 -> Pu-239."

    But the U238 comes out of the ground, though, right? I mean, point taken, but still.

  38. The year... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Am I the only one who stopped reading at 2012?

  39. Re:AGGREED!!!! Listen up you idiot, moron, democr by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Re:AGGREED!!!! Listen up you idiot, moron, democrats and liberals!!!!

    Get your breatheren, the other idiot, moron, democrats that ham-string the NRC, DNR, congress, etc. to get approval of nuclear plants rolling again!!! Get your crappy president b. o. to fully fund the Yuca Mountain nuclear waste storage facility again so states don't have to develop thier own nuclear waste storage failities.

    Impeach b.o., democrats, liberals, remove the czars!

    DO NOT approve sotomayer!

    Deport illegal aliens / immigrints - after all they are criminals - here illegally.

    Strike down all bills that have been turned into law since b.o.'s innaguration.

    Pay down the deficit that b.o. and the dems have created.

    NO government funded health care! No taxpayer funded healthcare! Healthcare is not a right, it is a priviledge you earn by earning the money to pay for it. Start trying to attack the costs and litigation excess that healthcare is plagued with!!

    Less government intervention in our lives and businesses!

    Stop the trend of turning us into a socialist, communist, progesssive country!

    Stop getting your news from the major outlets that have sold thier souls to b.o.. Watch FOXNEWS.COM! for the real, un-biased news from responsible, accurate reporters!

  40. Whoosh! by HiggsBison · · Score: 2, Funny

    Criticality is a function of free neutrons: if there's not enough to sustain a reaction, it's subcritical; if it's break-even, it's critical, and if there are enough to grow the reaction it's supercritical. Contrary to the movies, a reactor that's critical is not a failure state (it's normal operation). Even "supercritical" isn't necessarily trouble (though if you stay supercritical for too long it will eventually be).

    When a reactor finds fault with 'most everything you do or say, it is said to be "hypercritical".

    --
    My other car is a 1984 Nark Avenger.
  41. A lot of zeros by dsmall · · Score: 2, Insightful

    To me this seems a pretty easy answer once you look at the raw numbers.

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uranium-235 shows that when one atom of U-235, once fissioned, releases 202.5 MeV of heat. That's 202,500,000 electron volts, a.k.a., one huge amount of energy.

    An atom of carbon when burned (C + 2 Ox->COx2) releases a few electron volts of energy and gives us carbon dioxide, which is said to be a "greenhouse gas". (I'm not debating that point).

    Let's just do it with money, okay?

    Hold an atom of carbon in one hand. Hold an atom of uranium in the other hand. The carbon's worth a few dollars. The uranium's worth Two Hundred Million Dollars. Which one do you pick? If you pick uranium, you just hit the Lotto Jackpot!

    Bear in mind that you have to get enough of either to meet the energy needs of the country, and it's very hard to get enough coal, and much easier, by a factor of two hundred million, to get uranium.

          Jimmy Carter made the unfortunate decision (funny how those words appear next to his name) not to include used fuel rods in reprocessing. There's a lot of energy there awaiting.

    I think what we ought to do as a country is swallow some pride, go to France, which gets about 80% of its energy from nuclear, and say, "Obviously you have a well debugged design. Help! Show us how to do it!" The French do it right. You know how useful debugged code is.

            Thanks,

            Dave Small

  42. You think like a ReThuglican Jew by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    You think like a ReThuglican Jew

  43. Criticism of Obama is Racist by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Criticism of Obama is an act of "straight up" Racism

  44. Not idiocy by maxwell207crm · · Score: 1

    idiot,

    Calling them out on idiocy, of which you opine them...tsk, tsk.

    the amount of power that hits the earth per square meter is NOT enough to run our cities.

    I'll grant you it's not solely solar, but renewable energy is already contributing over 14 percent to the electricity supply in Germany. GP advocated common sense. It seems to me that common sense would advocate applying solar power in conjunction with every other renewable energy source under the Sun to come up with something that meets or exceeds power generated by non-renewable energy sources.

  45. Re:Linux is an OS for homos by testadicazzo · · Score: 1

    That was pretty funny. If I had the mod points, I'd give em to you, off topic or not.

  46. Aren't recent studies saying it's too expensive? by Eclipse-now · · Score: 0, Troll
    I'm not totally against nuclear, in that it probably has its place in the space race and setting up bases on the Moon & Mars. But earth? Surely solar thermal with liquid salt / graphite cube heat storage is cheaper? Isn't nuclear one of the most expensive forms of electricity possible, when ALL the costs are counted?

    http://climateprogress.org/2009/01/05/study-cost-risks-new-nuclear-power-plants/

    http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/reaction/readings/keeny.html

    "Lovins said the reason for the decline is cost: on an even playing field with no hidden subsidies, nuclear is simply more expensive than other options, especially co-generation."

    "Nuclear is dying of incurable attack of market forces despite what the industry wants you to believe," he remarked, adding that micropower offer more climate solution per dollar spent than nuclear."

    http://news.mongabay.com/2007/0607-nuclear_debate.html

    And my favourite: the Nuclear Wonderland! (Now a tourist attraction).
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNR-300

  47. Thorium Reactors - An Alternative... by VoidCrow · · Score: 3, Interesting

    The following links are to a couple of interesting Google Tech Talks on Youtube, covering the subject of Liquid Fluoride Thorium Reactors. Carlo Rubbia (Nobel-winning physicist) is pushing another class of thorium reactor - the accelerator-driven system.

    I hope you find them of interest - they're quite long.

  48. Makes Sense by akayani · · Score: 1

    Can't manage a bit of ash but able to put a 20 old reactor online. 20 years... a lots changed in that time.

  49. because someone said by nimbius · · Score: 2, Insightful

    the president is giving out free money for clean energy, and someone at the TVA with a yacht said, "i gotta get me some of that!"

    but really guys, 19 years of rats and rain? just how efficient and on time do you expect this thing to be, let alone safe, once you bring it up? Almost two decades have passed, in which time things like the pebble bed reactor have come about as more efficient and powerful means of generating nuclear energy. its like trying to finish your kids new crib after theyve turned 12.

    --
    Good people go to bed earlier.
    1. Re:because someone said by Tweenk · · Score: 1

      19 years of rats and rain

      What rats, and what rain? You think they left some steel stuff, wires, pipes or control equipment laying around unattended outdoors, or even somewhere at the site at all? You think someone, somewhere installs ANYTHING in a half-finished building? Or that there is ANY financial sense in installing a nearly functional reactor and then letting it rot for 19 years?

      The reality is that they halted the construction before the concrete work was done, because it just doesn't make any sense to cancel construction after any significant part of the reactor is installed. It's better to complete it and have some return on investment, even if it's going to be lower than planned.

      Parent is not insightful, it is troll and not even cohesive.

      --
      Those who would give up liberty to obtain working drivers, deserve neither liberty nor working drivers.
    2. Re:because someone said by nimbius · · Score: 1

      ouch...call me the bus driver Tweenk, because im about to take your stupid ass to school.

      http://www.nrc.gov/reactors/plant-specific-items/watts-bar/meeting-summary.html pay attention to the NRC meeting summary for march...particularly:

      Ten critical case conduits were evaluated for
      both Units. Provide the number of conduits
      evaluated for each Unit.
      Provide the total number of silicone
      rubber cables in the Watts Bar Nuclear Plant
      (WBN),
      Unit 2, population.
      Provide the process/justification used
      to qualify the Unit 2 cables for a 40-year life.

      now lets follow along and read:
      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watts_Bar_Nuclear_Generating_Station

      unit 2 is 80% complete.

      in fact in the wiki article the reactor cooling tower is VISIBLE.

      now, lets look at the subsection c.1.7.
      under construction inspection information for the ICIR dated 4/30

      In addition, the inspectors performed a walkdown of cables in the annulus area and held discussions with TVA on PERs (162649 and 163461) related to unprotected and potential damaged cables. Specific documents reviewed are listed in Attachment 1.

      so yeah, in summation this thing WAS allowed to stand nearly fully operational, rats and rain, and will probably require a substantial investigation before it ever sees its first reactor rods inserted. if they hustle i predict everything can be reinspected in around a year, but since this has the odor of a recession stimulus project id imagine bringing reactor #2 online will take about 3 years or more (this isnt dads old woodfire stove after all.) by which time it will begin to generate electricity and repay its own costs. 10 years out or so, we might see it start to contribute to what little is left of the recession, using its power generation technology dated at this point by three decades..

      --
      Good people go to bed earlier.
  50. Nuclear by AP31R0N · · Score: 3, Funny

    Nuclear... the OTHER n-word Americans are phobic about.

    --
    Utilizing the synergization of benchmark e-solutions to pre-workaround action items!
  51. Define "using" by tepples · · Score: 1

    Or we could just, you know, turn off computers that we're not using.

    Which would require 1. significant improvement in boot times, and 2. significant improvement in triggers for booting. For example, if nobody is connected to a given server at this moment, but someone could connect to the server at any given moment and would expect it to respond within two seconds, should it be switched "on" or "off", and why?

  52. I was very excited at first. by Fieryphoenix · · Score: 1

    Until I found out that this is not a new design, but just a mothballed 1970's plant that was never brought online being finally finished and put to use. When we implement modern designs, let me know.

  53. My Opinion by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    The shortsightedness of nuclear power is amazing. I personally live in an area where we have had near meltdowns that actually shut the reactor down and now the public has to pay for the private entity to clean it up. So where is this amazing energy savings supposed to come from? This also fails to bring into account the threat of missile attacks from foreign governments or even airplane attacks, which with a coordinated ground attack could potentially cause a much larger incident. Is it a brilliant technology? Yes. I am actually for using it as a space propulsion technology such as Americium-242. The problem is people. If cease to function as a society the reactors meltdown, if we decide we don't wan them anymore it takes years to clean up. Due to safety concerns nuclear power tends to be more expensive than on paper. A safer alternative is to build a dispersed renewable power system that is decentralized. This leads us to being less at risk of a major attack. This junk about solar power being 1% efficient is just that, junk. Our entire weather system is run on solar power so there is obviously enough power there. Nuclear power is a quick solution that our children will have to pay for that completely fails to mention the multitude of technologies already out there and the fact that there are already self sustaining towns that don't require outside power. Does nuclear power have a place? Yes, but it is not in the market of consumer energy demands no matter how shiny it looks next to "clean" coal. It's military, space applications as well as research applications make it desirable, but the waste, arrogance of nuclear power proponents as shown by many derisive commentators and risk of outside target makes it a bad choice for commercial power production. Well, I am sure I'll get deleted or flamed so lets get it over with.

  54. Scope of executive order power? by tepples · · Score: 1

    At a whim, he can write an executive order to not approve any new power plant licenses

    What in Article II or elsewhere in the U.S. Constitution gives these executive orders teeth, apart from where Congress expressly gives the President discretionary powers?

  55. There's an obvious difference, though. by sean.peters · · Score: 1

    Radioactive waste in contained in casks that MIGHT breakdown someday. Coal ash is contaminating the environment RIGHT NOW.

  56. 5000x only? by TheLink · · Score: 1

    Is that 5000x figure really accurate?

    Because 5000x might not be much when you consider:

    1) More people might want to do fancier stuff that require more power e.g. if everyone wanted cars (or their own mecha :) ).

    Energy consumption per capita in GJ/year:
    Canada = 348.63
    USA = 327.38
    France= 189.77
    Japan = 169.70
    UK = 164.56
    China = 47.81
    India = 21.52
    Indonesia = 31.81
    Brazil = 44.84

    So if the poorer but more populous countries tripled their energy consumption (add night lighting, airconditioning/heating, fridges, cars, skyscrapers, factories to supply all those goodies and it starts adding up really quickly), that "5000x the power we need" could become something like "1300x the power we need".

    And if the population doubles, that drops to "700x the power we need".

    2) There will be conversion losses. 50% efficiency = 350x the power we need. 10% efficiency = 70x the power we need.
    3) We're not the only species on the planet that needs a share of that solar energy. There are way more than 5000 species on this planet.

    So, forgive me if I'm not comforted by "5000x".

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  57. Comment removed by account_deleted · · Score: 1

    Comment removed based on user account deletion

  58. Comment removed by account_deleted · · Score: 1

    Comment removed based on user account deletion

  59. typical yankee attitudes by vincpa · · Score: 0

    America can have nuclear power, Iran can't because America says they are terrorists. Dam yankees! Wonder if slashdot will delete this comment because of the first amendment hhaah

  60. The real number is 1 million years by herbierobinson · · Score: 1

    You are actually underestimating how long nuclear waste remains dangerous: The Yucca mountain repository license application requires them to consider the nuclear waste dangerous for a million years.

    At this point, all the nukespeak people will jump in with talk of breeder reactors and all kinds of new technology. Unfortunately, nobody is even thinking about deploying new technology.

    All the DOE and the nuclear industry want to make are the same old 70s reactors they have been building (or trying to build) for the last 40 years. The industry approach to nuclear waste is still "Bury it and forget about it." It probably won't leak soon enough for them to catch me.

    --
    An engineer who ran for Congress. http://herbrobinson.us
  61. I can pick three by geekoid · · Score: 1

    Industrial SOlar Thermal

    Cheap? yes compared to coal or nuclear* . also very cvheap to maintain, and your energy fuels costs never go up from zero.
    Clean? yes. Uses the sun, and the liquads used to store the heat are a lot cleaner the coal.
    Reliable? yes. 24/7 base load reliable. It stores the heat hor night time generation.

    *no, I am not anti nuclear.

    --
    The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect