DNSsec provides a chain n of trust using public keys. The root is never given the secret key, so, it the key validates, it is legitimate. The domain holder generates the key pair and loads the public key upstream.
Unfortunately, DNSsec is generally not implemented end-to-end, severely limiting its value.
Sorry, but the requirement for back-up cameras that goes into effect next year will also mean that all cars will have a screen. All cars, light trucks, SUVs, etc built after May 1 of this year must have them.
10BaseT is "Twisted pair" Ethernet at 10 Mbps. The first digits are the bandwidth followed by "Base" for baseband or "Broad" for Broadband. The final digit(s) were the maximum segment length in hectometers. Of course "T" broke this scheme.
10Broad36 was 10 Mbps over 36 hectometers or 3600 meters. It was designed for long distances using standard cable TV hardware. We used it at Lawrence Livermore Lab for our first lab-wide LAN. It was, of course, replaced by fiber after about three years.
To be a bit pedantic, the original post called out "tin foil". While I'm sure he meant aluminum foil and most likely has never actually seen tin foil, it was the predecessor of aluminum foil an it wold have worked much better than aluminum foil. It was far thicker, though probably not enough so to have worked completely.
To those who have never worked with RF, it is almost magical. Many thing, including skin effect, sound silly and are counter intuitive to those who have experience with DC and low frequencies.
I recall an argument with a computer scientist who had added a new 10Base2 drop by inserting a "T" connector into the network line in his office and then dropped an RG58 to another piece of equipment. Transmission lines were WAY beyond his ken and I'm not sure he ever believed me, but I did fix his network.
Bonus old-timer points to those who know what 10Base2 is (or, more obscure, 10Broad36) without Googling for it.
I do advocate the use of paper ballots, but not because then humans could do a hand-count of them. Humans are lousy at repetitive tasks. A hand-count of millions of votes would have a margin of error 10x the size of the margin of error of machine-counted votes. In Virginia, when there is a recount, we bring in a completely different set of scanners than were used to originally count the votes, and run the same paper ballots through them. That is a excellent independent count.
Paper ballots do not have to be counted by hand. I have voted by paper ballot in California in all except two elections in the past 42 years and they were never counted by humans EXCEPT on the rare cases of recounts. Since electronic voting system were banned several years ago, I have voted on ballots counted optically, again allowing manual examination and counting when needed.
N.B. Voting is largely controlled by county and not all counties use the same voting systems.
You have just re-discovered Sturgeon's Revelation (usually referred to as Sturgeon's Law): "90 percent of anything is crap." Ted Sturgeon is believed to have first said this in 1951, probably before you were born. If you are not aware of who Theodore Sturgeon was, I strongly suggest that you check out his bio and read one or more of his award winning books.
If your estimate is correct, game are somewhat worse than average. Or, more likely, Sturgeon was an optimist.
Odd. My Privacy Badger shows no trackers on slashdot. Of course, noscript is blocking 11 sites from running their scripts which might have pulled in many more if allowed to run.
While I can't argue your sentiments and certainly can't argue the pros and cons of black holes accounting for dark matter, I will mention that real live practicing and respected cosmologists have advanced the hypothesis. A major article on the subject can be found in the July issue of Scientific American It was written by a real cosmologist at a major university and a post-doc at another. I think a dismissive "No" is a rather silly and neaningless response, especially when submitted by an AC who professes knowledge without presenting any credentials.
Perhaps the Air Force is taking advantage of the heavy smoke covering the area for training on techniques for imaging under such circumstances. In actual military use in a shooting war, smoke and dust from combat are likely to make optical observation more difficult. I would assume that on-board tech could enhance this, but it may require real-time tuning by the crew.
The current conditions may provide an excellent opportunity for real-world experience.
And those who were paying attention moved to Mint Linux MATE where sanity and usability prevailed. Take a look at its Pluma text editor. While it has updated Mint icons, it goes back to the classic look, feel, and function of the old Gnome2 gedit". So does the rest of MATE.
The kids seem to have forgotten a prime engineering adage... If it ain't broke, don't fix it! Maybe it's because "Computer Science" isn't engineering, so they don't teach those basics. Don't know. Computer Science was just getting started as a degree when I was in college and I had not even heard of it.
With the big infusion of CS degrees, the market will get far more selective and the big salaries will fade away. The cream of the crop will do fine, if not as well as in the past, but there will be a long tail of people who are really not cut out for the work and never will really be good and will be very disappointed. This has happened to other "glamour" fields in the past, but not to this degree.
Those who don't have the mindset for the work may get a degree. Maybe some will actually get graduate degrees, but will probably never be terribly successful. At the same time, the median salaries are going to start to slide along with the mean skill level of freshly minted BS holders.
For several years before my retirement we has a widely diverse engineering team. Home base was Berkeley, California, but we had engineers in Seattle, Livermore, CA, Chicago, New York, Washington, D.C. and Iowa. One in each remote metro area except two near Chicago.
We used modern Internet based teleconferencing equipment and every engineer had a desktop system that showed the rest of the group. All were normally muted, but, if an issue arose that required group discussion (or discussion buy a part of the group), it happened very naturally and we quickly got used to it. We could drop off as needed when we needed to be left alone or had a visitor. It simply worked.
We designed, built, and managed one of the highest performance networks in the world and won numerous prizes for our efficiency. We built the first trans-continental Gig, N-by-10 Gig and N-by-100 Gig networks with the same team doing the design, implementation, and senior level operational support of the network with a team that grew over the years from 8 to 14 engineers. It might not have worked for larger teams, but for us, it was perfect. We could never have hired the top level talent we had of we had required that they all relocate to Berkeley.
While I think it is imperative that a means to disable ME be available, it was never a secret. It was announced several years ago (around 2009) at conferences and press releases. Initially it was only on Xeon and processors intended for server use. My 6 year old Core5i system does not have it and I'm uncertain how low in the Intel CPU family it goes by now. It has many benefits for managers of datacenter machines as it allows access to unattended systems, even when they are down.
Yes, people WERE asking for this. Many vendors developed their own add-on hardware to do this. In a world where most systems lack a serial interface, it replaces the use of this for debugging and the like.
My question is not why it is there, but why is it not disabled by default? In datacenters and network hotels, it's very valuable, but there is no reason that it should ever be enabled by default and even less reason it should not be simple to turn off. Even a jumper would be acceptable.
You are right. All FETS of that day were contact FETs. They existed, were hard to produce, and had limited functionality. But most researchers were certain that they were the future.
The main issue was that FETs worked much like a tube with very high input impedance. Practically a drop-in replacement while bipolar were really current regulated devices with low impedance which required a very different mindset.
My father, educated in the 20s, never really understood them.
Actually, as the article states, most of the money goes to prison guards and health care.
What was missed is that the prison guards union is generally considered to be the most powerful political spender in the state. The get what they ask for very routinely. Their pay increases have regularly run way ahead of inflation. Clearly money well spent!
The common misconception is that Bell Labs invented the transistor, but it actually invented the bipolar transistor. The field effect transistor predates the bipolar by a bit, but was not practical for most existing tube (valve) applications.
I read an editorial in EEE (now IEEE) Magazine from the time Bell announced the bipolar transistor and it was not nice to Bell or that device that changed the world. It described several issues with bipolar transistors that FETs didn't have and concluded with the assertion (paraphrased) that Bell should stick to telephones and leave solid state research to those who know what they were doing.
While bipolar transistors led the way to the solid-state revolution with devices like the transistor radio, the first common household application, most of today's integrated circuits are, in fact, mostly or entirely based on Field Effect technology. Maybe EEE was right.;-)
I worked as a Senior Network Engineer for a large national backbone provider to the US DOE. At the facilities we owned WE were in charge of oversight of the power system and regular testing. We had one experienced power engineer on staff to oversee everything, though the facility's plant engineering people did all of the actual heavy work.
Back in 2009 we had just completed our annual full transfer test where we switched over to UPS, let the generator fire up, transferred to generator power, and then reversed the process. Everything worked perfectly. The following week we lost power. UPS kicked in, but the generator refused to start. One week earlier everything worked perfectly in the test case where we could have backed out before UPS died. No such luck that day. Our staff lost the ability to monitor the network and the laboratory where we were located lost Internet connectivity as did several other smaller facilities in the area. Took us about an hour to get a trailered generator in place and get things back on-line.
No matter how carefully you plan and test, sometime you still lose.
I have a home in Indio, the largest city in the Coachella Valley of California. It's mostly known for Palm Springs and the Coachella Music and Arts Festival. It's high profile, but not large, Two companies own all of the local broadcast TV stations. One owns ABC, CBS, Fox, and Telmundo stations. The other has NBC and CW. I suspect that they own Univision, but I'm not quite sure.
That's it for diversity. We see the same news stories from the same reporters, often introduced by the same anchors. This is allowed because we are a "small market". The stations are all "low power" stations. I can watch the same news six times a day, if I really want to be bored.
I wonder if the two could soon be allowed to merge and reduce local coverage to one source. The new regulations might allow this. News coverage is already badly warped by mega-owners. How many subtly (of not subtly) news stories are ties to Disney movies on ABC stations? I see a LOT. How many commentaries are influenced and news stories perspectives "adjusted" for the corporate masters? I don't know, but I am sure it's a lot. This change is a very bad idea.
While people think potato and other "salty snacks" are high in salt, compared to many food, the sodium content is not high. Because the salt in all on exposed surfaces, the taste of salt is very strong. An ounce of Lays potato chips has 170 mg. of sodium. (Yes, I know most people eat more like 3 oz. at a sitting, so call it 510 mg.) Half of a personal sized pepperoni pizza (Round Table) has 860 mg. (and most people eat the whole thing for 1920 mg.). A Panera Chicken Frontega panini is a stunning 2050 mg. My favorite Chipotle barbacoa burrito is a whopping 2190 mg. And "whopping" makes me think of a "Whopper" which is only 1160 (with cheese).
So if you are looking for high salt foods, chips are not that bad, though I don't really recommend them for a healthy diet. It's other processed foods that really pack it in.
I miss front panel debugging. Having a row of about 20 switches that allow you to modify memory and read out the program counter in lights as well as halt, step, examine, and continue the computer and step it through the program. I programmed vector graphics that way on a paper tape OS. You put lots of NO-OPs in so you could add instructions as you debugged. You really learned how the computer and the graphics worked.
I also liked core memory. You halted the system and turned it off. An hour or a week later, you turned it on and pressed "Continue" and you were right where you left off.
The idea of using photographic film for archival storage of digital data is not really new. In the late 1960s, IBM developed the IBM 1360 "Photostore" system to archive vast amounts of data. The 1360 was developed for the two Lawrence Radiation Laboratory campuses (now Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory). The system wrote the data to silver halide film which was automatically processed and could be retrieved (after a few minutes to develop the film) in just a minute or two, depending on the retrieval queue length.
Only five systems were delivered as very few places had the need to store such vast amounts of data. The system could store 1 terabit (not terabyte) or 170 gigabytes of data (bytes on supercomputers of that era were 6 bits) "on-line" as well as unlimited off-line. IIRC, retrieval times for off-line data typically ran an hour or two.
I believe the Wikipedia article is wrong on some counts. The film was not on aperture cards, but was film strips about 3" x 1" which were stored in plastic cases that held a number of strips. You can see these at the Computer History Museum in Mountain View, CA, USA.
I worked at a secure facility for several years and had a high clearance for over 20 years. While I can't get into specifics, I am aware of several cases of people taking classified documents home with them, putting classified mail on an unclassified server, copying classified documents onto an external drive, etc. In one particularly bad case a modem was connected to a terminal on the classified network.
In all cases it was determined that the violations were either unintentional or without criminal intent. Usually it was to work on the classified data/documents at home in order to get some critical work done. All were punished administratively with no charges filed. I was not privy to he punishment though I know that in one case where the person was terminated.
The only case I am aware of that went to prosecution was a system admin who installed a private web server which was serving softcore porn (nudes) to some friends. The NY Times learned about it. He was terminated, fined, and perhaps given a suspended sentence.
Based on this experience, I would say not taking criminal action against Hillary Clinton was in line with many other cases.
I attended middle school in the mid-60s back when it was called "Junior High School". We did study the Mercator projection, but mostly to demonstrate that a flat map was going to be distorted and always pointing out the huge Greenland vs. the tiny southern continents. We also got the example of how the flat projections make polar air routes look longer than more southerly routes. A globe makes this clearly wrong.
Slashdot Mirror
Unfortunately, DNSsec is generally not implemented end-to-end, severely limiting its value.
Sorry, but the requirement for back-up cameras that goes into effect next year will also mean that all cars will have a screen. All cars, light trucks, SUVs, etc built after May 1 of this year must have them.
10BaseT is "Twisted pair" Ethernet at 10 Mbps. The first digits are the bandwidth followed by "Base" for baseband or "Broad" for Broadband. The final digit(s) were the maximum segment length in hectometers. Of course "T" broke this scheme.
10Broad36 was 10 Mbps over 36 hectometers or 3600 meters. It was designed for long distances using standard cable TV hardware. We used it at Lawrence Livermore Lab for our first lab-wide LAN. It was, of course, replaced by fiber after about three years.
To be a bit pedantic, the original post called out "tin foil". While I'm sure he meant aluminum foil and most likely has never actually seen tin foil, it was the predecessor of aluminum foil an it wold have worked much better than aluminum foil. It was far thicker, though probably not enough so to have worked completely.
To those who have never worked with RF, it is almost magical. Many thing, including skin effect, sound silly and are counter intuitive to those who have experience with DC and low frequencies. I recall an argument with a computer scientist who had added a new 10Base2 drop by inserting a "T" connector into the network line in his office and then dropped an RG58 to another piece of equipment. Transmission lines were WAY beyond his ken and I'm not sure he ever believed me, but I did fix his network.
Bonus old-timer points to those who know what 10Base2 is (or, more obscure, 10Broad36) without Googling for it.
I do advocate the use of paper ballots, but not because then humans could do a hand-count of them. Humans are lousy at repetitive tasks. A hand-count of millions of votes would have a margin of error 10x the size of the margin of error of machine-counted votes. In Virginia, when there is a recount, we bring in a completely different set of scanners than were used to originally count the votes, and run the same paper ballots through them. That is a excellent independent count.
Paper ballots do not have to be counted by hand. I have voted by paper ballot in California in all except two elections in the past 42 years and they were never counted by humans EXCEPT on the rare cases of recounts. Since electronic voting system were banned several years ago, I have voted on ballots counted optically, again allowing manual examination and counting when needed.
N.B. Voting is largely controlled by county and not all counties use the same voting systems.
Tripoint, C. J. Cherryh, 1636: Mission to the Mughals, Eric Flint and Griffin Barber, The Fiery Cross, Diana Gabaldon.
You have just re-discovered Sturgeon's Revelation (usually referred to as Sturgeon's Law): "90 percent of anything is crap." Ted Sturgeon is believed to have first said this in 1951, probably before you were born. If you are not aware of who Theodore Sturgeon was, I strongly suggest that you check out his bio and read one or more of his award winning books.
If your estimate is correct, game are somewhat worse than average. Or, more likely, Sturgeon was an optimist.
Odd. My Privacy Badger shows no trackers on slashdot. Of course, noscript is blocking 11 sites from running their scripts which might have pulled in many more if allowed to run.
While I can't argue your sentiments and certainly can't argue the pros and cons of black holes accounting for dark matter, I will mention that real live practicing and respected cosmologists have advanced the hypothesis. A major article on the subject can be found in the July issue of Scientific American It was written by a real cosmologist at a major university and a post-doc at another. I think a dismissive "No" is a rather silly and neaningless response, especially when submitted by an AC who professes knowledge without presenting any credentials.
Perhaps the Air Force is taking advantage of the heavy smoke covering the area for training on techniques for imaging under such circumstances. In actual military use in a shooting war, smoke and dust from combat are likely to make optical observation more difficult. I would assume that on-board tech could enhance this, but it may require real-time tuning by the crew.
The current conditions may provide an excellent opportunity for real-world experience.
The kids seem to have forgotten a prime engineering adage... If it ain't broke, don't fix it! Maybe it's because "Computer Science" isn't engineering, so they don't teach those basics. Don't know. Computer Science was just getting started as a degree when I was in college and I had not even heard of it.
Oh, and get off my lawn!
What doesn't work for you?
With the big infusion of CS degrees, the market will get far more selective and the big salaries will fade away. The cream of the crop will do fine, if not as well as in the past, but there will be a long tail of people who are really not cut out for the work and never will really be good and will be very disappointed. This has happened to other "glamour" fields in the past, but not to this degree.
Those who don't have the mindset for the work may get a degree. Maybe some will actually get graduate degrees, but will probably never be terribly successful. At the same time, the median salaries are going to start to slide along with the mean skill level of freshly minted BS holders.
For several years before my retirement we has a widely diverse engineering team. Home base was Berkeley, California, but we had engineers in Seattle, Livermore, CA, Chicago, New York, Washington, D.C. and Iowa. One in each remote metro area except two near Chicago.
We used modern Internet based teleconferencing equipment and every engineer had a desktop system that showed the rest of the group. All were normally muted, but, if an issue arose that required group discussion (or discussion buy a part of the group), it happened very naturally and we quickly got used to it. We could drop off as needed when we needed to be left alone or had a visitor. It simply worked.
We designed, built, and managed one of the highest performance networks in the world and won numerous prizes for our efficiency. We built the first trans-continental Gig, N-by-10 Gig and N-by-100 Gig networks with the same team doing the design, implementation, and senior level operational support of the network with a team that grew over the years from 8 to 14 engineers. It might not have worked for larger teams, but for us, it was perfect. We could never have hired the top level talent we had of we had required that they all relocate to Berkeley.
While I think it is imperative that a means to disable ME be available, it was never a secret. It was announced several years ago (around 2009) at conferences and press releases. Initially it was only on Xeon and processors intended for server use. My 6 year old Core5i system does not have it and I'm uncertain how low in the Intel CPU family it goes by now. It has many benefits for managers of datacenter machines as it allows access to unattended systems, even when they are down.
Yes, people WERE asking for this. Many vendors developed their own add-on hardware to do this. In a world where most systems lack a serial interface, it replaces the use of this for debugging and the like.
My question is not why it is there, but why is it not disabled by default? In datacenters and network hotels, it's very valuable, but there is no reason that it should ever be enabled by default and even less reason it should not be simple to turn off. Even a jumper would be acceptable.
The main issue was that FETs worked much like a tube with very high input impedance. Practically a drop-in replacement while bipolar were really current regulated devices with low impedance which required a very different mindset.
My father, educated in the 20s, never really understood them.
Actually, as the article states, most of the money goes to prison guards and health care.
What was missed is that the prison guards union is generally considered to be the most powerful political spender in the state. The get what they ask for very routinely. Their pay increases have regularly run way ahead of inflation. Clearly money well spent!
The common misconception is that Bell Labs invented the transistor, but it actually invented the bipolar transistor. The field effect transistor predates the bipolar by a bit, but was not practical for most existing tube (valve) applications.
I read an editorial in EEE (now IEEE) Magazine from the time Bell announced the bipolar transistor and it was not nice to Bell or that device that changed the world. It described several issues with bipolar transistors that FETs didn't have and concluded with the assertion (paraphrased) that Bell should stick to telephones and leave solid state research to those who know what they were doing.
While bipolar transistors led the way to the solid-state revolution with devices like the transistor radio, the first common household application, most of today's integrated circuits are, in fact, mostly or entirely based on Field Effect technology. Maybe EEE was right. ;-)
And sometimes **it happens.
I worked as a Senior Network Engineer for a large national backbone provider to the US DOE. At the facilities we owned WE were in charge of oversight of the power system and regular testing. We had one experienced power engineer on staff to oversee everything, though the facility's plant engineering people did all of the actual heavy work.
Back in 2009 we had just completed our annual full transfer test where we switched over to UPS, let the generator fire up, transferred to generator power, and then reversed the process. Everything worked perfectly. The following week we lost power. UPS kicked in, but the generator refused to start. One week earlier everything worked perfectly in the test case where we could have backed out before UPS died. No such luck that day. Our staff lost the ability to monitor the network and the laboratory where we were located lost Internet connectivity as did several other smaller facilities in the area. Took us about an hour to get a trailered generator in place and get things back on-line.
No matter how carefully you plan and test, sometime you still lose.
That's it for diversity. We see the same news stories from the same reporters, often introduced by the same anchors. This is allowed because we are a "small market". The stations are all "low power" stations. I can watch the same news six times a day, if I really want to be bored.
I wonder if the two could soon be allowed to merge and reduce local coverage to one source. The new regulations might allow this. News coverage is already badly warped by mega-owners. How many subtly (of not subtly) news stories are ties to Disney movies on ABC stations? I see a LOT. How many commentaries are influenced and news stories perspectives "adjusted" for the corporate masters? I don't know, but I am sure it's a lot. This change is a very bad idea.
While people think potato and other "salty snacks" are high in salt, compared to many food, the sodium content is not high. Because the salt in all on exposed surfaces, the taste of salt is very strong. An ounce of Lays potato chips has 170 mg. of sodium. (Yes, I know most people eat more like 3 oz. at a sitting, so call it 510 mg.) Half of a personal sized pepperoni pizza (Round Table) has 860 mg. (and most people eat the whole thing for 1920 mg.). A Panera Chicken Frontega panini is a stunning 2050 mg. My favorite Chipotle barbacoa burrito is a whopping 2190 mg. And "whopping" makes me think of a "Whopper" which is only 1160 (with cheese).
So if you are looking for high salt foods, chips are not that bad, though I don't really recommend them for a healthy diet. It's other processed foods that really pack it in.
I also liked core memory. You halted the system and turned it off. An hour or a week later, you turned it on and pressed "Continue" and you were right where you left off.
The idea of using photographic film for archival storage of digital data is not really new. In the late 1960s, IBM developed the IBM 1360 "Photostore" system to archive vast amounts of data. The 1360 was developed for the two Lawrence Radiation Laboratory campuses (now Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory). The system wrote the data to silver halide film which was automatically processed and could be retrieved (after a few minutes to develop the film) in just a minute or two, depending on the retrieval queue length.
Only five systems were delivered as very few places had the need to store such vast amounts of data. The system could store 1 terabit (not terabyte) or 170 gigabytes of data (bytes on supercomputers of that era were 6 bits) "on-line" as well as unlimited off-line. IIRC, retrieval times for off-line data typically ran an hour or two.
I believe the Wikipedia article is wrong on some counts. The film was not on aperture cards, but was film strips about 3" x 1" which were stored in plastic cases that held a number of strips. You can see these at the Computer History Museum in Mountain View, CA, USA.
I worked at a secure facility for several years and had a high clearance for over 20 years. While I can't get into specifics, I am aware of several cases of people taking classified documents home with them, putting classified mail on an unclassified server, copying classified documents onto an external drive, etc. In one particularly bad case a modem was connected to a terminal on the classified network.
In all cases it was determined that the violations were either unintentional or without criminal intent. Usually it was to work on the classified data/documents at home in order to get some critical work done. All were punished administratively with no charges filed. I was not privy to he punishment though I know that in one case where the person was terminated.
The only case I am aware of that went to prosecution was a system admin who installed a private web server which was serving softcore porn (nudes) to some friends. The NY Times learned about it. He was terminated, fined, and perhaps given a suspended sentence.
Based on this experience, I would say not taking criminal action against Hillary Clinton was in line with many other cases.
I attended middle school in the mid-60s back when it was called "Junior High School". We did study the Mercator projection, but mostly to demonstrate that a flat map was going to be distorted and always pointing out the huge Greenland vs. the tiny southern continents. We also got the example of how the flat projections make polar air routes look longer than more southerly routes. A globe makes this clearly wrong.