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Modern Humans, Neanderthals Shared Earth for 1,000 Years

joffley writes "ABC News is reporting on new evidence that has emerged suggesting Neanderthals co-existed with anatomically modern humans for at least 1,000 years in central France, before gradually disappearing about 28,000 to 30,000 years ago. But why did they disappear?"

130 of 765 comments (clear)

  1. they invented by geekoid · · Score: 4, Funny

    slider technology and left the planet. Unfortunatly they lost the coordinates for there home earth dimension. Also unfortunate that they became NAZI's.

    --
    The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
    1. Re:they invented by FosterKanig · · Score: 5, Funny

      It's my understanding that the Neanderthals lived in caves located below sea level. A big storm came and wiped them all out.

    2. Re:they invented by patio11 · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Thats not offtopic, thats a reference to a bad sci-fi series. What could be more on-topic at Slashdot?

    3. Re:they invented by David+Rolfe · · Score: 2, Funny

      Time traveling space Nazis?

      Rick Berman? Is that you?

      --
      Read Heinlein's 1953 Revolt in 2100, now more than ever.
    4. Re:they invented by jcenters · · Score: 2, Informative
      Actually, it was a pretty good series before they introduced the Strogg/Nazi/Reptile villans, changed the cast, and completely destroyed the original, cool premise of the show.

      Then it got handed over to the Sci-Fi channel where they really fucked it up.

      --

      vi ~/.emacs

    5. Re:they invented by lisaparratt · · Score: 2, Insightful

      As opposed to the living hell on Earth that is everyday life caused by religion passing off plain lies as irrefutable truths.

      Yeah, nice one. Think I'll take science any day of the week - at least there's some method behind it's madness.

    6. Re:they invented by lanswitch · · Score: 4, Funny

      They invented Intellectual Property Rights and sued each other to oblivion?

    7. Re:they invented by FLEB · · Score: 3, Insightful

      The thing is that most science comes down to one thing. Where we came from. If you replace that you have to throw away, physics, chemistry, astronomy, cosmology, geology, biology, anthropology...

      How's that?

      If physics, chemistry, etc. still all work as expected, how is origin so critical?

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      Entertainment wants to be paid.
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    8. Re:they invented by evil-osm · · Score: 2

      What could be more on-topic at Slashdot?

      - Natalie Portman

      - Hot Grits being poured down someone's pants

      -Some whacky backwards Russian thing

      --


      E.

      Never rub another man's rhubarb - The Joker
    9. Re:they invented by patio11 · · Score: 2, Funny

      In Soviet Russia, someone pours Natalie Portman down Hot Grit's pants. (Asked for comment, Hot Grit said "If I wasn't a strict Marxist-Leninist who thought religion was the opiate of the masses I would say 'Thank God for Communism!', but as it is I'll have to content myself with having Natalie Portman being poured down my pants." Natalie Portman could not be reached for comment.)

  2. Far Side? by statusbar · · Score: 4, Funny

    I'm CERTAIN that I have seen a Far Side comic that dealt with this exact situation.

    --jeff++

    --
    ipv6 is my vpn
    1. Re:Far Side? by hungrygrue · · Score: 2, Informative

      :-) Another interesting, if less humorous, book that this brings to mind is Clan Of The Cave Bear and the rest of the "Earth's Children" series by Jean Auel.

    2. Re:Far Side? by bhtooefr · · Score: 3, Funny
      You were the one that didn't read it.

      The Golgafrinchans didn't do any work, but they survived two million years. Arthur and Trillian were the last two descendants of the Golgafrinchans.

      Remember that it was the "CAVEMEN" that were dying off?
      "Yes. One of our film producers is already making a fascinating documentary about the indigenous cavemen of the area."
      "They're not cavemen."
      "They look like cavemen."
      "Do they live in caves?"
      "Well..."
      "They live in huts."
      "Perhaps they're having their caves redecorated," called out a wag from the crowd.
      Ford rounded on him angrily.
      "Very funny," he said, "but have you noticed that they're dying out?"
      (my emphasis)
    3. Re:Far Side? by Thangodin · · Score: 4, Funny

      I'm reminded of that line by Londo Mollari in Babylon 5: "You know, there were two intelligent species on our planet, but we wiped the other one out. Do you know what the last one said just before he died? AAAAAAAAGGGHHH!!!."

    4. Re:Far Side? by Xzzy · · Score: 2, Funny

      A history lesson sure ain't why I read those.

      Am pretty sure every 14 year old kid has the exact same pages dog-eared.

    5. Re:Far Side? by hungrygrue · · Score: 2, Funny

      I remember thinking many times while reading those books that the author really needed to stop and get laid and then write the rest of the book. She had sex on her mind way too much. This theory was confirmed beyond all doubt when she described intercourse between two wooly mamoths for at least twenty pages.

    6. Re:Far Side? by uberdave · · Score: 2, Funny

      Well, it is sex of mammoth proportions, after all.

  3. It's obvious... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    Because the Flying Spaghetti Monster decided so.

    1. Re:It's obvious... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

      actually, the french neanderthals surrendered...

      har har har..

    2. Re:It's obvious... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Because the Flying Spaghetti Monster decided so.

      Ah yes, here it is, in the Book of Manicotti:

      On the eighth day, The Noodly One examined his creations, and saw that they were good. Then, the Neanderthals began to eat meatballs, which made His Spaghettiness angry, for this was considered to be consumption of The Blessed Testicles. The Neanderthals were then cast out from the Holy Colander, where they were doomed to a life without marinara or alfredo and, even worse, certain death.

    3. Re:It's obvious... by Ambush+Commander · · Score: 3, Informative

      A little while back, I would have had no clue what the joke meant. Actually, it's suprisingly relevant. Anyway... http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flying_Spaghetti_Mons terism

  4. Because... by mbrewthx · · Score: 2, Funny

    They couldn't find any acting jobs until recently.

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    1. Re:Because... by sigmaseven · · Score: 3, Funny

      You haven't been watching NBC, have you?

  5. I'm pretty sure.... by FraggleMI · · Score: 5, Funny

    they are still here...

    --
    huh?
    1. Re:I'm pretty sure.... by hotspotbloc · · Score: 4, Funny
      they are still here...

      ... in management. A Dilbert comic has come true.

      --
      "I hate to advocate drugs, alcohol, violence or insanity but they've always worked for me" - HST
    2. Re:I'm pretty sure.... by pickup22 · · Score: 2, Funny

      They've voted for Bush twice now;-)

      --
      God, I wish I could think of a sig!
  6. Are you there God? it's me, Neanderthalis by way2trivial · · Score: 5, Funny

    Mebbe they weren't cross fertile (produced mules) and neanderthals had such a strong exogamy component, they died out trying too hard.

    --
    every day http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Random
  7. no why by NoGuffCheck · · Score: 2, Funny

    the question should be " did they dissapear?"

    and the answer is no http://newsfeed.tcm.ie/images/people/pieterdevilli erskieranclancy.jpg/

    --
    serenity now!
  8. Well. by Jediman1138 · · Score: 5, Funny

    Well, everyone took a vote, and they got voted off the island.

    --

    nothing.can.stop.me.now

    1. Re:Well. by ear1grey · · Score: 2

      ...and welcome to historically confused live semi final with your hosts Raquel Welch and Brendan Fraser... remember ...

      • To evict Ug, signal: fat-cloud, fat-cloud, fat-cloud.
      • To evict Nnnngmph, signal: little cloud, little cloud, tall-cloud.

      Call cost may vary according to avaiable combustible materials and wind direction. One vote per cave.

  9. Where they went... by mfh · · Score: 5, Interesting

    I think it's fairly easy to know where they went. Because they were "different" than modern humans, with lower technology levels, we simply killed them off for trying to take our resources. It's a no-brainer, because it's what we do as humans. We try to related but we destroy people who are not like us. Look at it as an early form of racism, and it's pretty straight forward. I'm not saying it's good, but at the time, we were equally as primative. We are still as primative, generally.

    --
    The dangers of knowledge trigger emotional distress in human beings.
    1. Re:Where they went... by Gulthek · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Ahh yes. The "primitive" neanderthal who survived the brunt of the last major ice age and thrived. Who had a larger cranial capacity than we Homo Sapiens. (Note that larger brain size is used as evidence for Homo Sapiens mental superiority in all cases comparing to other genetic lines (Australopithecus, etc) except when comparing to Neanderthals. In that case textbooks commonly claim that our brains operated "more efficiently" than the Neanderthals' when there is little reason to make such a conclusion.

      I suggest you read up some more. The issue is more complex than you summarize, there is a reason that there is still a debate.

  10. well duh... by imboboage0 · · Score: 2, Funny

    They invented computers. about 100 years later, they were all nerds hiding in caves bootlegging MP3s and stealing wireless connections. Ahhh, the future of us.

    --
    Honesty may be the best policy, but by process of elimination, dishonesty is the second best policy.
  11. They're still here.. by GreyWolf3000 · · Score: 5, Funny
    The humans got sick of the neanderthals and moved away. The neanderthals just...stayed in France :)

    I kid, I kid.

    --
    Slashdot: Where people pretend to be twice as smart as they really are by behaving like children.
    1. Re:They're still here.. by boot1780 · · Score: 2, Informative

      no, they actually migrated to the US, but they now call themselves "Republicans" . . . go figure.

  12. We have a pretty good idea where they went. by Pantero+Blanco · · Score: 4, Interesting

    A period of a thousand years is long enough for the Cro-Magnon, with their superior abilities and traits, to become more numerous than the Neanderthals. At that point the Neanderthals were either killed off or crossbred with the Cro-Magnon. Over time, most of the Neanderthal genes in the offspring probably faded.

    1. Re:We have a pretty good idea where they went. by Thanatopsis · · Score: 5, Informative

      What is the mechanism by which genes fade? I suggest that you take a basic biology class. Mitochrondrial DNA tests indicate that Neanderthals were an entirely seperate species with no interbreeding.Here's more on MtDNA highlight the discovery of Eve who lived 200,000 years ago.

    2. Re:We have a pretty good idea where they went. by LiquidCoooled · · Score: 2

      What is the mechanism by which genes fade?

      Isn't that process called stonewashing?

      --
      liqbase :: faster than paper
    3. Re:We have a pretty good idea where they went. by jc42 · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Mitochrondrial DNA tests indicate that Neanderthals were an entirely seperate species with no interbreeding.

      Actually, this merely says that any Neanderthal ancestors we may have weren't through the pure-maternal line. It says nothing at all about the nuclear DNA, which is over 99% of our DNA.

      I've been watching for reports on Neanderthal DNA, and I've been repeatedly disappointed by people making conclusions from mtDNA samples. This basically indicates cluelessness about how inheritance works. Your mtDNA is a rather special case, and it's inherited very differently from your nuclear DNA. It's only useful for tracing your purely-maternal line of ancestors. It carries no information about any male or any of his ancestors.

      It's still entirely possible that a tiny part of the ancestry of Europeans is Neanderthal. This could mean a few hundred genes scattered through the nuclear DNA. It could mean just one gene. Until you convincingly show, for every single gene, that it's not of Neanderthal origin, you really haven't shown that there was no interbreeding at all.

      This is significant because nobody suggests a significant Neanderthal contribution to the modern European gene pool. Even supporters of the conjecture would be surprised if 1% of our genes are of Neanderthal origin. The question is whether the number is exactly zero or something slightly higher.

      My guess is that we'll never have good enough evidence of Neanderthal genes to show that there was no interbreeding at all. That requires study of the entire genome, and the fossil record doesn't have to have preserved it for us. Unless there's some very luck discovery, such as a deep-frozen Neanderthal in the permafrost (that's now rapidly melting, so we'd better hurry), it's unlikely that we'll ever have a complete sample of Neanderthal DNA. And even that wouldn't really be enough; the most it could prove is that that particular individual wasn't one of our ancestors.

      In any case, arguments from mtDNA are supremely unconvincing. Interesting, yes, but unconvincing.

      But that doesn't stop the media from publishing gee-whiz articles on the topic.

      --
      Those who do study history are doomed to stand helplessly by while everyone else repeats it.
    4. Re:We have a pretty good idea where they went. by Michael+Woodhams · · Score: 5, Informative

      Actually, this merely says that any Neanderthal ancestors we may have weren't through the pure-maternal line. It says nothing at all about the nuclear DNA, which is over 99% of our DNA.

      True, however:

      My guess is that we'll never have good enough evidence of Neanderthal genes to show that there was no interbreeding at all. That requires study of the entire genome, and the fossil record doesn't have to have preserved it for us.

      No - there would be a distinctive signal we can detect purely from modern human genomes. Imagine that for gene X, 1% of Europeans have a Neandertal gene, and everyone else (including all non-Europeans) have the Sapiens gene. We sequence this gene from 10000 people, 1000 of whom are European, 10 of whom have the Neandertal gene. Those 10 Europeans have sequences which are similar to each other, but are much more different from the consensus than any other gene sequences - and most significantly, much more different than any of the African samples. (Africa being the homeland of Homo Sapiens means it has the largest genetic variability.)

      Putting it another way: if we created a phylogenetic tree of the genes, we would observe some of the European genes being basal (separated from the bulk of the sequences by the first bifurcation on the tree), and by a large margin (after this bifurcation, there is a long time before the next bifurcation on the main branch.)

      We haven't yet observed such a pattern, although I think people have looked. We may yet find this, but the longer we look without finding it, the less likely the interbreeding hypothesis becomes.

      IAATMP. (I am a theoretical molecular phylogenist.)

      --
      Quattuor res in hoc mundo sanctae sunt: libri, liberi, libertas et liberalitas.
    5. Re:We have a pretty good idea where they went. by Autumnmist · · Score: 2, Interesting

      We haven't yet observed such a pattern, although I think people have looked. We may yet find this, but the longer we look without finding it, the less likely the interbreeding hypothesis becomes.

      Perhaps you missed this publication from this past spring which has found very very interesting evidence for interbreeding between homo erectus populations in Asia and anatomically modern homo sapiens spreading out of Africa. The group even found a neat gradient (what would be expected if interbreeding did occur on an infrequent, but significant basis) of the genetic locuses they examined, with the highest percentage of people with the gene located in Southern China (the epicenter of homo erectus as far as we can tell), decreasing across China, through Asia and dwindling to near nil among native Africans.

      For those of you non-scientists, this means that a larger proportion of people from southern China have a particular gene (of sorts) that people from other parts of the world (e.g. Africans) do not have. Since homo sapiens spread out of Africa, carrying their genes with them, for some ~53% of southern Chinese to have a gene that native Africans do not have, the ancient ancestors of those Chinese very well may have acquired the gene from another species that was reproductively compatible but separate from homo sapiens arriving from Africa. This is further supported in the paper I linked by the gradient the group discovered. The highest percentage of people who have the gene in question are located in Southern China, while the percentage of people who have the gene slowly tapers off as you go west and south from China towards Africa, until you reach Africa itself and find that almost no Africans have the gene at all.

      IAAMBS - I am a molecular biology student. :P

      --
      --- "Many of the truths we cling to depend greatly on our own point of view." ~ Ben Kenobi, 'Return of the Jedi'
  13. Its both! by geekoid · · Score: 5, Funny

    maybe the neanderthalls evolved, and modern humans were created by intelligent design?

    by intellegent design, I of course mean Flying spahgetti monster.

    --
    The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
    1. Re:Its both! by XXIstCenturyBoy · · Score: 5, Funny

      Yep.. God killed the Neanderthalls. Thats being an Intelligent Designer.

      And he left their bones to test our faith.

    2. Re:Its both! by Pantero+Blanco · · Score: 3, Informative

      The real theory of Intelligent Design doesn't eliminate evolution. It actually proposes (hell, should I just say "proposed" at this point?) that evolution didn't stem only from random mutations, but from some that seem to have been encouraged. Unfortunately, seven-day-Creationists have corrupted the term worse than the words "communist" and "hacker" combined.

    3. Re:Its both! by hungrygrue · · Score: 5, Funny

      Or they were a prototype. ;-)

    4. Re: Its both! by Black+Parrot · · Score: 2, Interesting


      > The real theory of Intelligent Design doesn't eliminate evolution. It actually proposes (hell, should I just say "proposed" at this point?) that evolution didn't stem only from random mutations, but from some that seem to have been encouraged.

      ID "theory" doesn't even say that much. It just says "here's something evolution couldn't have produced, therefore it's the result of intelligent design".

      And when you start asking what "intelligent design" means, you'll discover that they believe "someone did something".

      The "someone" is clearly the Christian God (though they don't say that except when they're presenting their "research" to religious audiences), and the "something" is... completely unspecified. Presumably if God draws something on the back of a napkin it is allowed to come into being.

      --
      Sheesh, evil *and* a jerk. -- Jade
    5. Re:Its both! by flyingsquid · · Score: 4, Insightful
      The real theory of Intelligent Design

      "Theory of intelligent design" is an oxymoron.

      Merriam Webster's defines a theory as "A set of statements or principles devised to explain a group of facts or phenomena, especially one that has been repeatedly tested or is widely accepted and can be used to make predictions about natural phenomena." Intelligent design doesn't qualify- it hasn't been tested (it's arguable whether it's even testable at all), it isn't accepted, and it explains absolutely nothing. It doesn't explain who the designer is or how the designer designed things, how the design was implemented, why, or when. It's the complete and total absence of a theory.

      Which is the beauty of it. Creationists learned from the Young Earth Creationism disaster- as soon as you start making testable statements like "the earth is 6000 years old" scientists will disprove you and show what a bunch of idiots you are. So you avoid making testable statements at all costs.

    6. Re:Its both! by martyn+s · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Intelligent design (or rather, just the belief in God, and his necessity in creating our universe as it is) doesn't even have to suggest that some mutations were encouraged. There is the fact that the rules of the universe, (e.g. the relative strengths of gravity, electromagnetic, weak and strong nuclear forces, the cosmological constant, etc.) seems to be very finely tuned to produce life, and if those rules were any different, the universe would be undifferentiated mush. So maybe God "intelligently designed" the universe with such finely tuned rules, but evolution played out on its own with no intervention based on those perfectly tuned rules.

    7. Re:Its both! by harishpa · · Score: 2, Funny

      We still co-exist with them. They evolved and became managers.

    8. Re:Its both! by fuzzix · · Score: 3, Interesting
      Grandparent post:
      Yep.. God killed the Neanderthalls. Thats being an Intelligent Designer.

      And he left their bones to test our faith.

      Hmmm... Seems to be an amusing gibe at the expense of that whole fossils theory.

      Parent post:
      And God didn't give freewill to humans and everything that happens on earth is his choosing.

      I love it when secularists like yourselves show their inner hate toward those of faith.

      "Yep...people of faith are morons and I hate them. That's being an open minded liberal."

      Hmmm... Don't understand how this reaction could be prompted by such a light-hearte... Oh, wait. He said secularist. Now I get it - everybody who doesn't have "True Faith" is a woolly-minded, liberal pot-smoker bent on the destruction of all that is good and holy in the world. Good, holy things like mass murder, denial of free-will and subjugation of women. Gimme that old-time religium! </rhetoric>

      Don't whine at us because your logic deficiency precludes having the ability to tell the difference between an imaginary friend and a real friend. Trust me, if you didn't have that faith shit pushed into your head with the twin fangs of sin and guilt back when your head was still soft you would be a much happier person today.

      I'm not open-minded - I don't have the sort of time required to listen to everybody's point of view. I shave down the time required to hear what something's all about by cutting out people whose reasoning skills I don't respect. If you have an imaginary friend I'm not going to take you too seriously on other matters - same if you read horoscopes or partake in the lottery... I'm no Spock but I do know how to spot someone with a severe logic deficiency.
    9. Re:Its both! by indifferent+children · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Unfortunately, as all too often happens: you come up with a disposable prototype and management insists on tweaking it and deploying it as a final product.

      --
      Censorship is telling a man he can't have a steak just because a baby can't chew it. --Mark Twain
    10. Re: Its both! by indifferent+children · · Score: 2, Funny

      No, it is not the Napkin that is Intelligent. This is the Deus Ex Napkin theory.

      --
      Censorship is telling a man he can't have a steak just because a baby can't chew it. --Mark Twain
  14. Disappeared? No... by s-twig · · Score: 2, Funny

    They didn't disappear, they moved into management roles.

  15. Is it always Violence? by denissmith · · Score: 5, Insightful

    From TFA: In short, the indicators point to the likelihood that Homo sapiens crushed or ousted the Neanderthals in the fight to survive. Why do we always need to reduce the possibilities to just these two? Isn't it equally likely that in the ebb and flow of occupation of the area humans eventually exhausted the resources that the Neanderthal relied upon, while being able to exploit other resources that the Neanderthal couldn't? Since 1,000 years is the overlap epoch it doesn't appear that a policy of active antipathy is at work.

    --
    I have nothing to hide. So, why are you spying on me?
  16. not in the article by uits · · Score: 3, Funny

    It's not implied in the article...but I've got a nagging suspicion we just slaughtered them for fun and sport.

  17. Heard this before... by AsiNisiMasa · · Score: 5, Interesting

    The Discovery channel ran a special recently about evolution and it offered similar information. Considering how long it takes to produce such a show, one would think this would have already made it's rounds around the internet.

    As far as the question of why they are extinct, the show stated it as a matter of fact that homo sapiens simply over-ran their niche, as is prone to happen when two competing species inhabit the same environment.

    I dunno if the show was pushing it's speculation as fact or if this source is out of date. It seems to make sense though. Smarter, team-working homo sapiens out-hunt the competition and the others starve.

    --
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  18. I agree. by TheOtherAgentM · · Score: 2, Funny

    I'm sure many of us at Slashdot remember getting beating up by guys on the football team that resembled Neanderthals.

  19. No, natural selection in action by a.different.perspect · · Score: 2, Insightful

    I think it's fairly easy to know where they went. Because they were "different" than modern humans, with lower technology levels, we simply killed them off for trying to take our resources.
     
    We wouldn't have needed to actually kill them. Both Neanderthals and humans would have competed for the same food; because of our higher intelligence, we would have gotten it and they wouldn't have as a result. Neanderthals probably died because of us, true, but we needn't have directly killed them.

    1. Re:No, natural selection in action by timeOday · · Score: 4, Insightful
      We wouldn't have needed to actually kill them. Both Neanderthals and humans would have competed for the same food; because of our higher intelligence, we would have gotten it and they wouldn't have as a result.
      I think in the end it would inevitably come to a fight. When somebody is hungry, they try to get food, even if somebody else happens to own it. Cf. New Orleans.
    2. Re:No, natural selection in action by shawb · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Or they became a resource.

      --
      I'll never make that mistake again, reading the experts' opinions. - Feynman
    3. Re:No, natural selection in action by NotZed · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Or maybe they just didn't fuck like rabbits and decimate their natural environment and keep moving on like an uncontrollable scourge?

      --
      _ // `Thinking is an exercise to which all too few brains
      \\/ are accustomed' - First Lensman
    4. Re:No, natural selection in action by hoggoth · · Score: 4, Funny

      > Or maybe they just didn't fuck like rabbits and decimate their natural environment and keep moving on like an uncontrollable scourge?

      I, for one, welcome our new rabbity-fucking uncontrollably moving slightly higher evolved overlords! Er... our old overlords... er... I mean us. I welcome us.

      --
      - For the complete works of Shakespeare: cat /dev/random (may take some time)
    5. Re:No, natural selection in action by Minna+Kirai · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Who says they were less intelligent? Their brains were bigger.

      Cows have much bigger brains than humans, but are significantly less intelligent. Some whales have brains larger than an entire human, and they're still less intelligent.

      Because the brain controls all muscles, larger creatures have a bigger brain even if they're not really smarter. To compare intelligence without the luxury of watching the creature in action, the best plan is to use the ratio of body size to brain size.

      By that metric, the neanderthal comes out worse than a homo sapien. It's brain is larger, but the body is larger by an even greater proportion. Until a cloned neanderthal sits for an IQ test, this size comparison is the best we can do.

    6. Re:No, natural selection in action by qval · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Also, what sort of competition are we imagining? a card game? Competition is fierce and violent when it comes to survival, and since the Neanderthals were in direct competition with our ancestors' resources of food, living area, etc., it's almost guaranteed that it came to blows. Whether there was something more organized than a tribe of humans ganging up on a family of Neanderthals (weren't they less socially advanced and so didn't organize into groups larger than families?) will probably never be known. But to say that there will be competition without killing is dumb. Just look at the rest of the animal kingdom. Those members of the species that are less competitive are driven to another area, and when they've lost their habitat, they die. I don't think early Homo Sapiens waged a crusade against the Neanderthals, but that doesn't mean the struggle between them wasn't violent.

  20. Interesting by FatAssBastard · · Score: 2, Informative

    ...but from some that seem to have been encouraged.

    That's very interesting, can you please point me to a link that describes the scientific evidence which brought about the hypothesis that some of the mutations seem to have been encouraged? I would be very interested in reading that.

    --
    /.: why the hell am I here?
    1. Re:Interesting by geomon · · Score: 4, Funny

      *shrug* there doesn't have to be any evidence. but, that does mean it shouldn't be taught alongside evolution as an "alternate theory"

      Great!

      Why not include Scientology along with Judeo-Christian creation?

      You think a Christian parents are pissed that Little Johnny was told by his teacher that man evolved from a common ancestor to apes, just wait until he comes home and tells Mommy and Daddy about a Galactic Federation founded 5,000,000 years ago, Teegeeack, H-Bombs, and body thetans.

      I can't wait to see that one.

      --
      "Rocky Rococo, at your cervix!"
    2. Re: Interesting by Black+Parrot · · Score: 5, Funny


      > *shrug* there doesn't have to be any evidence. but, that does mean it shouldn't be taught alongside evolution as an "alternate theory", just on the basis that there is no evidence.

      Here are my favorite no-evidence theories that I want schoolkiddies to learn:

      • Flying Spaghetti Monster Theory
      • Intelligent Falling Theory
      • Invisible Pink Unicorn Theory
      • Last Thursday Theory
      • 2+2=5 Theory
      We've really got to quit letting the boring old farts set the agenda!

      --
      Sheesh, evil *and* a jerk. -- Jade
    3. Re: Interesting by StarvingSE · · Score: 2, Funny

      I, for one, welcome our new Flying Spaghetti overlords.

      --
      I got nothin'
    4. Re:Interesting by danharan · · Score: 4, Funny

      If the Scientologists get their theories in, so should Pastafarians.

      I can't prove my beliefs in the FSM (blessed be), but you can't disprove them either. So there! ;)

      --
      Information: "I want to be anthropomorphized"
    5. Re:Interesting by geomon · · Score: 2, Insightful

      If the Scientologists get their theories in, so should Pastafarians.

      I'll go for that only if the Invisible Pink Unicorn is included in the curriculum as well.

      IPU2U2 - Amen.

      Pastafarians.... That one is good too.

      Do they wear dreads?

      --
      "Rocky Rococo, at your cervix!"
    6. Re:Interesting by danharan · · Score: 2, Funny

      The rapture- this makes total sense now. So that's where all my socks disappear- I must be very favored by the IPU.

      This information is obviously vital, and should no doubt be covered in Biology class!

      --
      Information: "I want to be anthropomorphized"
    7. Re:Interesting by ozmanjusri · · Score: 2, Funny

      Do they wear dreads?

      Those of us who have been touched by his noodly appendage generally prefer Angel Hair to dreads.

      --
      "I've got more toys than Teruhisa Kitahara."
    8. Re:Interesting by geomon · · Score: 3, Insightful

      This information is obviously vital, and should no doubt be covered in Biology class!.

      Heh, one should think so. But there are soooo many non-believers out there.

      I told my local school district a couple of years back that if they continued to insist that prayer be not only allowed in school, but lead by a teacher, that I would first convert my children to their grandma's religion (she was of the Blackfoot tribe), and then sue under federal law to force the district to accomodate their worship in the school. Since they would have to accomodate my children during "prayer time", I knew that having a bunch of whooping, dancing students in the classroom would be too much for them to take.

      They dropped their proposal because they eventually realized that in order to stay neutral with regard to the Establishment Clause they would have to accomodate every religious belief to avoid having their policy ruled unconstitutional.

      Intelligent Design will have the same fate when every religion in the world demands equal time in the science classroom.

      --
      "Rocky Rococo, at your cervix!"
    9. Re:Interesting by terjeber · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Because this is a democracy, where majority rules.

      Pardon my french, but that is pure bullshit. Majority doesn't have anything to do with what is science or not. A huge portion of the population also believes in Astrology, should that be included in science class? Of course not.

      ID and Creationism are religious ideas. They have nothing to do with science. If they are to be taught in schools they should be taught where they belong, along side of Buddhism, Islam, Astrology and all the other superstition. Science class is for scientific theory, and ID, all though a theory, doesn't qualify as a scientific theory. If you do not know what a scientific theory is, and why ID and Creationism doesn't qualify, I suggest you read up on the subject. It isn't all that hard.

    10. Re:Interesting by pizzaman100 · · Score: 2, Insightful
      Americans accept the idea of the free expression of ideas at public schools.

      From the poll: Even many who are politically liberal and who believe in evolution favor expanding the scope of public school education to include teaching creationism....John C. Green, a senior fellow at the Pew Forum, said he was surprised to see that teaching both evolution and creationism was favored not only by conservative Christians, but also by majorities of secular respondents, liberal Democrats and those who accept the theory of natural selection. Mr. Green called it a reflection of American pragmatism..

      So...Teach it all, and let the kids figure it out. Public School is not just a 13 year long science class.

      Teach evolution as an explanation of natural selection in science class where it's appropriate. And teach creationism, ID, and other theories (including evolution) in other classes where it's appropriate. A well rounded education includes exposure to history, religion, literature and philosophy.

  21. Peer Review? by eagle52997 · · Score: 3, Interesting

    This guy's publications list pretty much ends in 1997. http://www.arch.cam.ac.uk/~pam/publications.html Where is this work published? If it can't stand up to peer review, why is ABC reporting on it?

    I'd like to see his methods, and find out how exactly they dated samples, and if they did a check on sample prep in order to verify their results. Until that can be shown, why should we believe the report?

    1. Re:Peer Review? by Oxen · · Score: 2, Informative

      It was published in Nature, last year. Nature. 2004 Nov 25;432(7016):461-5.
      -Mark

      --
      First you animate. Then you SUSPEND!!!
  22. Re:*sigh* by Liquidrage · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Can't we just go one day without a creation v. evolution thread?!

    Are we supposed to not discuss certain topics because some people refuse to accept the overwhelming evidence when it conflicts with their presupposed biases?

    I don't think so. This isn't evolution vs creationism. This is a science story. And that ignorant people prefer ignorance isn't reason to push science underground.

  23. Chatelperronian vs. Aurignacian by John+Hawks · · Score: 5, Insightful

    There are two central issues. One is that the "Aurignacian" industry, which is proposed to have been made by modern humans, may not actually have been a single industry across Europe. In the current study, the "interleaving" of the two kinds of tools is documented by around 10 artifacts, out of 750 total.

    The other issue is that no fossil remains of modern humans have yet been found associated with early "Aurignacian" tools. We simply don't know who made them. Since they are not technically very different from the Neandertal-associated Chatelperronian, it is hard to say that there is a real cognitive difference represented by those tools, whoever made them.

    I have some pictures of the tools on my weblog post (John Hawks Anthropology Weblog), and conclude this:

    But when two pictures look like the ones above, and they are supposed to be typologically identifiable products of "modern humans" on the one hand, and "Neandertals" on the other -- well, it seems to me there needs to be a bit more than an edge of retouch behind that conclusion.

    --John

    1. Re:Chatelperronian vs. Aurignacian by trocki · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Material culture (lithic industry in this case) commonly associated with the "later Ancients" (e.g. Neanderthals) is called "Mousterian" and was widespread in Middle East and Europe between 250-200 Ka and 30 Ka. It is based on flake technology and consists of mainly scrapers, denticulates and points, which are often made in "levalois" technique. It doesn't include any bone tools (bone points are typical Aurignacian tool). There is a striking (cognitive) difference between Chatelperonronian and Aurignacian on one side (which use blade technology) and Mousterian on the other. Since Chatelperronan material culture was found together with Neanderthal burials (cave Sant-Cesaire) it is now widely thought that Chatelperronian industry is handiwork of Ancients. However, this transittion in technology is not evident in other aspects of material culture. Chatelperronian sites have same nest-like organisation of space as Mousterian and are in striking contrast to the Aurignacien campsites (with huts, structures etc.). It is possible that the reason behind Mousterian-Chatelperronian technological (and cognitive?) transition is imitation rather than invention.

  24. Actually... by ImagistTD · · Score: 3, Interesting

    There is actually good reason to believe that homo neandertalis is still very alive in some parts of the world. Isolated regions of the planet often have some groups of people who are unable to interbreed with other groups that have been active members in the gene pool. Although homo neandertalis would probably have evolved just as much as our own homo sapiens since the time of the neanderthal skeleton, they could easily still be living. It is also possible that homo erectus could be alive, but this is less likely because of their smaller brains. Homo neandertal is able to compete with, though not dominate, homo sapiens because we have similar cranial mass, but homo erectus just didn't have enough brains to cut it.

    1. Re:Actually... by sillybilly · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Don't you know it's not the brainmass that counts, but the interconnectedness of neurons? A kitty-cat has a pretty small brain compared to a cow, but you can't say it's proportionally more stupid. It's similar with people, CPU's, etc.. the visible macroscopic size is not what counts, but the microscopic stuff inside that makes it tick. As far as genetic fitness goes, it's amazing just how much doesn't depend on genetics, but it's learned, educated. See feral children.

  25. Damn! by ShadyG · · Score: 4, Funny

    Based on that picture, I'd have to say that the Neanderthals died out because the Cro-Magnon women were way better looking.

  26. Farscape: The Eidelons took them! by epgandalf · · Score: 2, Funny

    I just watched Farscape: The Peacekeeper Wars movie last night and I learned that the Eidelons took humans from earth 27,000 years ago and they eventually became the Peacekeepers. That's when they stopped sharing earth.

  27. The "Extinct" American Tribe of Xualaes by Black-Man · · Score: 2, Interesting

    One of many made extinct by the Cherokee's. The Shawnee's another tribe infamous for its mass killings/extinctions of rival tribes.

    The way of the world.

    1. Re:The "Extinct" American Tribe of Xualaes by F_Scentura · · Score: 3, Interesting

      The "all native americans lived in harmony with the land and used every part of the animal" myth also needs to die.

      I'm not holding my breath, though.

  28. Birth canal problems by Baldrson · · Score: 4, Interesting
    One theory is that when neanderthals mated with modern humans the offspring would survive if the father was a modern human and mother was a neanderthal because the neanderthal woman's birth canal was wider. However, if a neanderthal man mated with a modern human the mother and child could die in labor due to the fact that the birth canal was too narrow for the hybrid child. There has been speculation on differing gestation periods as well.

    The reason this results in extinction of one of the races is due to the fact that when there is consistent gender bias in inter-racial mating, if there is any degree of polygyny or serial monogamy (de facto polygyny) then the gene flow tends to be from the race whose males are successfully mating to the population whose males are not as successfully mating. If there is any substantial inter-racial mating under such circumstances it could easily be that a millenium or so is all it would take to destroy the existence of the race whose males are experiencing lower fertility.

    The question is what was the trigger that resulted in the presence of modern humans midst neanderthals?

    1. Re:Birth canal problems by Oxen · · Score: 3, Insightful

      I love how every time something is posted on Slashdot as to what makes humans unique, everyone states some random idea as if it has more credibility than the others. The fact is that there is likely no simple reason why humans outcompeted Neanderthals, but was problem several factors working synergistically.
      Furthermore, mitochondrial DNA contradicts your argument. Mitochondrial DNA is passed down only from mother to child. The evidence stongly points to the fact that modern humans do not have Neanderthal mtDNA. For your scenario to work, all humans would have Neanderthal DNA.

      --
      First you animate. Then you SUSPEND!!!
    2. Re:Birth canal problems by teknickle · · Score: 2, Funny

      Interesting take on that.
      When I was in school, the girls with the 'large birth canals' were the more popular girls. Even though they weren't as smart as the homosapiens, we didn't call them 'neanderthals', we called them 'Cheerleaders'.

    3. Re:Birth canal problems by Gilgaron · · Score: 2, Informative

      No, if there was interbreeding a subset of Europeans would have Neandertal DNA. There's no reason to think it would have spread to all of the old world, let alone the new world, until modern travel.

  29. They should proofread... by jesup · · Score: 2, Interesting
    Smaller and squatter than Homo sapiens but with larger brains, Neanderthals lived in Europe, parts of central Asia and the Middle East for about 170,000 years.
    Ummm, they were larger than modern humans... though they did have larger brains (avg 1500-1600cc), though well within the range of modern humans (1000-2000cc, avg 1300cc).

    It is interesting to see proof of overlap in a single area, though this isn't surprising. Also, currently mitocondrial data indicates that there isn't a major influx of DNA from them, though some interbreeding could have occurred and survived to today, especially if it conferred a survival advantage in northern climes, for example.

  30. This is only marginally new by Arker · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Lewis Binford, many years back, investigated another site (in Israel) where h. sapiens and h. neanderthalis existed in close proximity for MUCH longer, around 90,000 years IIRC. The same results otherwise, despite an incredibly long time period very close to each other, no genetic drift towards each other to be seen. Pretty much has to mean that they were not sexually compatible with each other.

    Everyone assumes that OUR ancestors had the 'superior abilities and traits' but, other than the fact that we're here instead of them, there's no reason to think that. They were definately stronger, more muscular and with a more efficient musculature as well - if they were still alive today they would take all the top spots in just about any sport you can think of. The 'hunchback' stereotype is incorrect - one of the early neanderthal skeletons had those features and that was taken as typical, but it turns out it was just that that particular individual had massive crippling arthritic problems - it wasn't genetic. And despite the stereotype that they were dumb, there's really no evidence of that either - their brains were even larger than ours, and their artifacts are not inferior.

    One difference is that there is a bone in the throat, (hyoid bone iirc) critical to the production of human speech, which was shaped differently in the neanderthal. They would not have been capable of making many of the sounds we use in speech as a result. However, that doesn't mean they couldn't have spoken their own languages, with different sounds - only that they would not have been able to make many of the sounds we use.

    Still a great mystery. Maybe one day we'll know what happened.

    --
    =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
    Friends don't let friends enable ecmascript.
    1. Re:This is only marginally new by ucblockhead · · Score: 2, Insightful

      The trouble is that the fossil record only shows certain types of traits. There may have been a trait that Homo Sapiens acquired that is not visible in the fossil record that gave it a big advantage. (For instance, a change in brain structure that did not change the size and shape of the skull cavity.) The fact that "humans" had a small range for a hundred thousand years and then exploded out of Africa in a fairly short time frame implies that something changed, even if we can't see it in the bones.

      --
      The cake is a pie
    2. Re:This is only marginally new by FreshnFurter · · Score: 2, Insightful
      >Everyone assumes that OUR ancestors had the >'superior abilities and traits' but, other than the >fact that we're here instead of them, there's no >reason to think that.

      In fact, that is the fallacy most people have when talking (thinking) about evolution. The traits aren't supposed to be superior, they should only be better adapted to the circumstance, event, environment that is driving the selection. Take for example food shortage. In a first stage a larger size will allow you to talk food from smaller competitors, but when food gets even more scarce a smaller build might just need less food.

      Most people think it is survival of the strongest. It is survival of the fittest, as in fitting a square peg in a square hole, the only difference with the round peg is its squareness, color, size, or material are of no consequence.

      Come to think of it even religion is surely a factor in evolution. It is the first means humankind had to spread 'rules that enable survival' to larger groups. I am sure you can think of many, if not think of combinations of certain type of meats, parasites and climate and how they are dealt with in different religions. These rules enable more religious people to survive than non-religious. Be aware that this is not only way to do this. There are now many different ways to spread such rules (laws, science, internet etc...)

      Funny huh, Intelligent Design evolved ;-)
  31. A fantastic article about ID in The Guardian... by GrahamCox · · Score: 2, Interesting

    You can't really make the argument against ID plainer than this. I highly recommend everyone to read it, whatever you believe:

    Guardian article

  32. Saw A Program About This On German TV 2 Years Ago by aquatone282 · · Score: 4, Interesting

    My german is pretty poor, but it was simple to pick up the basic story line:

    The show followed a family of Neandrathals as they attempted to cross the Alps.

    A young female wandered off from the family. Nearby, three "modern" human males had a camp and were cooking meat over a fire. The female picked up the scent of the meat and followed it to the camp.

    The males lured her into the camp with the offer of food. She warily accepted and while she was eating, one of the males knocked her down to her hands and knees and took her from behind (much to her distress). The other males then took their turns.

    The last shot was of the female wandering up into the snow-covered mountains, obviously pregnant.

    Again, my german is not very good, but the impression I got was the show was attempting to explain how a neandrathal female corpse, preserved by altitude and cold, was found in the Alps with an unborn child that contained "modern" human DNA. . .

    Got to love those European documentaries - they leave little to the imagination.

    --
    What?
  33. Re:*sigh* by uncqual · · Score: 2, Funny

    Unfortunately, the Intelligent Designer Program (IDP) will be patched to prevent the weaker from dying off and to kill off the stronger. I imagine this will be part of patch #9756483 to IDP 1.0 which will be downloaded via AutoUpdate on a Tuesday soon (since it is a critical fix). Then the evolutionists will be wrong (the strongest didn't survive) and the IDers will cover their tracks. Wait... my brain hurts - maybe the download is happening early... NO, NO... IT'S NOT OKAY TO INST.........

    --
    Why is there an "insightful" mod and why isn't it "-1"? If I wanted insight, I wouldn't be reading /.
  34. Slartibartfast??? by HermanAB · · Score: 3, Funny

    Amazing, only in America would people teach in Public School that Earth was created by the Magrathean planetary construction engineer Slartibartfast. Douglas Adams would be proud!

    --
    Oh well, what the hell...
  35. A Credible Theory by octalman · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Some time ago I saw a TV program on this subject. The investigators claimed to have found objects which they associated with Cro-Magnon people, objects with strange marks on them; marks which appeared to be a crude lunar calendar. If true, Cro-Magnon folks were much more intelligent than their Neanderthal neighbors -- able to forecast dark (or light) nights, able to record information and able to engage in non-verbal communication. And outsmart their enemies as well as become more efficient hunters and providers.

  36. Re:heh by HTTP+Error+403+403.9 · · Score: 2, Funny

    Touché.

    --
    I'm not a Troll, it's reverse psychology.
  37. Re:So how do you explain the hybrid child ? by blamanj · · Score: 2, Informative

    Whether the child was a hybrid is subject to debate. Given that the judgement is not settled and there's only one such skeleton, it would seem a bit rash to claim it to be a cold hard fact.

  38. Isn't this obvious? by dtjohnson · · Score: 2, Interesting

    The 'cro-magnons' were taller, relatively weak, and good walkers but...not real bright. the Neandertals were much brighter but short, stocky, and not as good in the walking and throwing department. Then mix a Neandertal with a cute cro-magnon babe and...voila...'modern man' with his big brain and superb two-legged walking and baseball throwing ability. We are all descendants of those few hybridized offspring 38,000 years ago who then quickly multiplied and killed off the ancestral forms, of course.

  39. Sexual Attractiveness - like birth defects? by MonkeyBoyo · · Score: 2, Interesting

    I guess the Cromagnons could not find the Neanderthals sexually attractive - what was the turn off?

    I've seen lots of chimps, orangs, and gorillas in zoos. Some I like the look of, be it dignified or humerous but I have never found any of them remotely sexually attractive nor have I found any that I would call gorgeous.

    Which is strange because I have seen horses and dogs that I would call gorgeous. And this type of prettyness is tied in with some inate system of sexual attraction - not that I am sexually attracted to dogs or horses but that somehow a great horse ass can remind one of human females' asses.

    I've known women from many of the so-called races and sub-races of the humans that I consider gorgeous and think such can be found everywhere.

    However I find birth defects such as midgets or Down's Syndrome as anti-attractive.

    So my hypothesis is that modern humans did not want to interbreed with Neanderthals or great apes because they looked like they had birth defects, and somehow this notion of 'not true to form' is inately tied to our notion of attractiveness.

    Though I still don't know what the big Neanderthal turnoff is.

  40. This is old news by raque · · Score: 2

    This has been dealt with to death, Scientific American has run dozens of articles on it. There are any number of simulations that show exactly what happened to the Neanderthals (check out these StarLogo examples http://www.scottcamazine.com/personal/selforganiza tion/starlogo/starlogo.htm/ ), all that has to happen is that reproduction has to drop below replacement for a long enough period of time. Europe is very mountainous, they are "Cave Men" after all, and if populations in different valleys don't mix because some of those funky new people are in a valley between you, and extinction occurs, without any contact at all. We can out compete them without ever meeting them.

  41. Neanderthals DO exist by FredThompson · · Score: 4, Funny

    My sister told me she's dated a few...

  42. We have a model for this already in our history by Enrique1218 · · Score: 2, Interesting

    The conquest of the Americas nearly cause a similar event with the Native Americans. Disease, domination, and marginalization of territory nearly wipe out the Amerindians. My guess it was simlar set circumstances that did in the Neanderthals. First, Humans and Neanderthals are related closely just as a horse an a donkey are. So, diseases that human had long evolved to resist Moreover, these are the humans whose descendants will be the most notorious conquerors in human history. Live and let live and share and share alike were probably not well practice back then either. Humans with superior numbers and technology wipe out whole tribes. Then, the final blow was neanderthals, due to war, probably limited themselves to smaller stretches of territory in less hospitable regions where they finally went extinct. Native Americans were lucky in that they could interbreed with the conqueror; however, since human and neanderthals are different species, any interbreeding may have lead to sterile offspring if that.

    --
    You don't have to be smart to use a Mac, you just have to be smart enough to buy one
  43. Multiple mtDNA lineages by Baldrson · · Score: 3, Informative
    "The argument for recombination is based on the observation that the pattern of polymorphism in mtDNA is incompatible with a single genealogical tree and unique mutations."

    Innan and Nordborg

  44. IPU by Michael+Woodhams · · Score: 4, Informative

    For those not familiar with it: The Invisible Pink Unicorns are a counter-argument to a common straw-man attack on atheism.

    The attack is "You can't know whether there is a god, so to disbelieve is every bit as much an act of faith as to believe."

    The counter goes as following.
    Atheist (A): "Do you believe there are herds of invisble pink unicorns somewhere unnoticed on the planet?"
    Believer (B): "No, of course not."
    A: "So this would be an absolute religious conviction, would it?"
    B: "Well, no, not really"
    A: "Right. I don't believe in god in the same way you don't believe in invisible pink unicorns."

    --
    Quattuor res in hoc mundo sanctae sunt: libri, liberi, libertas et liberalitas.
    1. Re:IPU by bleckywelcky · · Score: 2, Interesting

      That is the most ridiculous "common straw-man attack" ever. Anyone that would use it, whatever their angle may be, doesn't deserve a lot of credit. So the need to counter it is somewhat diminshed.

      A better, perhaps less-common, straw-man attack is to discuss the point of living with atheists. If they truly believe that there is no spiritual life to humans (or other animals, as prescribed on a religion-by-religion case ), then why live at all? If you completely cease to exist in any form whatsoever when your physical body dies, then what is the point of living your life? In the end, everything you do now will not matter. Well, maybe you just want to enjoy the ride? To what end? Why enjoy it, if the enjoyment means nothing after you die? People take vacations to relax and take a break from working. The effects of the vacation are felt after it completes as you get back to your work, you feel refreshed, the fact that you took the vacation really matters. You can remember it and reminisce about the events. But if there is nothing beyond death, then everything you do in life is meaningless. You will not recall anything you did in life. Everyone that is still alive when you die will not remember anything about you when they die. And so on. You might as well stop living right now. The only reason you have a will to live your life is because of the hard wiring in your brain to not die long enough to reproduce and raise young. But isn't that an absurd reason to live your life ... because you are hard-wired to? You really don't care about life at all, you are just following directions from your brain? Even then, why not just get a simple job, reproduce at age 20, raise your kids until they are 20 and you are 40, then die? Perhaps atheists are just short-sighted and aren't thinking about the long-term implications? The responses to this discussion from atheists are interesting.

  45. Re:Well, isn't that obvious by crazyphilman · · Score: 2, Funny

    The story of the Garden of Eden (as told by a New Yorker):

    God: "Hmm... Kinda bored; Greenwich Village won't exist for 6,000 years... Maybe I'll make some people, see what they get up to."

    POOF!

    God: "Hey, YOU! Nature-boy! Your name is Adam. See all these animals over here? They're for you. Have fun, but, um..." (thinks for a second) "I know! Ok, see those two trees over there? The ones with the juicy apples and so on? Those are the trees of Knowledge of Good and Evil, and of Life. Yeah... So... You don't need any of that stuff, so don't eat them. Everything else is fair game, though."

    God (to Gabriel): "Hey, what odds will you give me that he'll pick the tree of knowledge?"

    Gabriel: "My Lord, I believe he will pick the tree of Life. Knowledge is overrated, it sayeth this on Slashdot."

    God: "Gimme fifty bucks on Knowledge."

    (They wait a week. Nothing happens.)

    God: "What IS it with this guy? All he does is pet that damn cat."

    Gabriel: "Perhaps he needs someone to egg him on."

    God: "Hmm... Hey! Let's get him laid!"

    POOF!

    God (to Adam): "Hey, Nature-boy! I made you a babe. Check her out: 36-26-36! Be fruitful and multiply! But don't eat from those two trees!"

    Adam: "W00T!"

    Eve: "Don't get any ideas, buster..."

    (Another week goes by).

    God (to Gabriel): "They're STILL not eating the damn fruit. What the hell is WRONG with these people? They're beautiful apples, huge and red, how can they MISS them???"

    Gabriel: "My lord, they've been fornicating day and night. Perhaps you shouldn't have created them as adults..."

    God: "Yeah, yeah... We've got to speed this process up. Fetch me that consultant."

    Consultant: "Yessssssss, my Loooooorrdd?" (flicks tongue, hisses).

    God: "Ok, I need you to trick that dame down there into eating some apples from that tree over there. Normal consulting rates apply, be mindful of the do not exceed rate, keep an eye on expenses or I'll really do a number on you."

    And the rest, as they say... Is history!

    (Epilogue):

    God: "Ha! Fork 'em over, Gabe, that's two to one, too!"

    Gabriel: "Man, what a disappointment. I was sure she was going to go for the Tree of Life for a minute there."

    God: "Ha! By me, I knew that kid wouldn't disappoint me! Hey! I have an idea! Gimme some odds on that Kain vs. Abel bout we've got coming up... I'm feeling lucky..."

    --
    Farewell! It's been a fine buncha years!
  46. Forget "Clan of the Cave Bear" by geoswan · · Score: 2, Interesting
    About twenty years ago Scientific American reviewed the most recent sequel to "Clan of the Cave Bear", and compared it with the work of Bjorn Ku:rten, a real anthropologist, who wrote a pair of novels about the meeting between Neanderthal and modern humans. Excellent novels. I highly recommend them too.

    The Scientific American reviewer commented that the author of COTCB had done a reasonable amount of homework. She got details about the technology right. But that her heroine was like a Californai "vallery girl" transplanted to the paleolithic.

    Various contributors to this thread have said "We killed them. We were smarter than they were. That's life." But there is no evidence that we were more intelligent. Some anthropologists have suggested that one advantage modern humans had over Neanderthals was that the shape of our throat and larynx allows modern humans to make sounds that Neanderthals couldn't -- and that this allowed a richer, more expressive, vocal expression.

  47. Re:Well, isn't that obvious by Moofie · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Ontological argument...that which is greater than the greatest thing of which I can conceive....bleh. That is a tired crutch.

    If you believe in God, believe in God. If you need proof of God's existence to believe in God, don't believe in God. I happen to believe that God would be quite annoyed with us if we wasted our phenomenally powerful synthetic reasoning skills on trying to prove His existence rather than, say, curing cancer or draining New Orleans.

    I believe it is NOT rational to state A) God exists and B) Christianity is the one true religion, because you can't make that argument without begging the question. Note: I do not dispute your (or my) faith in God on this basis.

    Dressing up religion in the clothing of science is silly. Dressing up science in the clothing of religion is equally silly. Thinking that one can explain one with the other is silly.

    The Bible is not a book about how the Heavens go...it is a book about how to go to Heaven. (That's Galileo. He was very not popular with the religious figures of his day.)

    I don't believe that you can use reason to demonstrate the existence of God. Nor do I think it is necessary to do so.

    --
    Why yes, I AM a rocket scientist!
  48. Re:heh by deaddrunk · · Score: 2, Funny

    Nah they moved to the UK and started following soccer teams. Watch the World Cup next year and you'll see them engaging in the great British tradition of going somewhere foreign and trashing it, which will be especially popular with British Neanderthals since it's in Germany.

    --
    Does a Christian soccer team even need a goalkeeper?
  49. God's Roadmap by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    From God's Roadmap:

    Beta
    Release version: Homo neanderthalensis
    Build name: Adam
    Release date: 4,569,770,000 years after cooling
    Deprecated: 4,569,971,000 years after cooling

    Stable
    Release version: Homo sapiens
    Build name: Eve
    Release date: 4,569,800,000 years after cooling
    Deprecated:
    [Sigh] Still deciding. I mean, the codebase is starting to look a bit creaky in a few places, and they're starting to tinker with it themselves (they think it's open source - hah!). Inquisitive little so-and-so's can't leave well enough alone... They've noticed the legacy code from the previous build too - ick, some cruft in there. Very tempting to trash the lot and start again using AOP. Mind you I mightn't have to lift a finger if they don't stop blowing each other to smithereens.
    [sigh] TODO: Take oort cloud inventory - look for something nice and big...

  50. Re:Voice box - no communication by EtherealStrife · · Score: 5, Interesting
    Slashdot has once again made a big deal out of nothing. In one of my archaeology classes a few years ago we discussed these very caves, and covered the EVIDENCE (that's right, evidence) that damn near proves the existence of Homo sapiens and neanderthals in fairly close quarters.

    The fact of the matter is that Homo sapiens have been around for 200 THOUSAND YEARS!! Neanderthals were the dominant species for most of that time, until they died off approximated 30-35k ago ... it's not such a big leap to suggest that coexistence goes back to far earlier times, but the big deal about these caves is that the neanderthals were competing for the same resources as Homo sapiens, and were outhunted (the BIG mystery the article claims is unknown...you gotta love media) to extinction. Neanderthals used flake technology, while Homo sapiens used blade tech. Without going too heavily into it, Homo sapiens were killing up a storm with thrown spears and using prismatic cores and all that high tech jazz. Neanderthals still had to close in for the kill, and as such could not compete at all.

    The important thing to understand is that there were two variants of hominids during the middle and upper paleolithic periods (assuming we disregard the Homo erectus groups off in Asia that were still hanging in there), rather than one being descended from the other. Neanderthals were adapted for the Ice Age, and were limited to Europe because of this. The highly adaptable (yet peabrained) little Homo sapiens spread like wildfire across the continents, killing as we went. Neanderthals are believed to have been very gentle and possibly even possessors of culture (although this is in constant debate), even taking care of the sick and wounded around them. One skull was even found with a hole beveled into it, suggesting some attempt at early surgical treatment (it was done premortem, and the individual lived for several years after the hole was made).
    Whereas we were honed to kill.


    Disclaimer: It's highly improbable that Homo neanderthalensis and homo sapiens mingled, or that the Homo sapiens killed off the neanderthals. But until we can send a time machine back to record all this shit, nobody can be 100% certain.

    Oh and A.C., I'm not making any corrections to what you've said, just trying to expand on it a bit. Seemed like as good a place as any. :) I agree about the communication, and how large Neanderthal brains were.

  51. Evolution is NOT "random"!!! by adrenaline_junky · · Score: 5, Informative

    I'm sick of people touting Intelligent Design when they don't even understand Evolution.

    Evolution is NOT about "random mutations". There is nothing at all RANDOM about evolution. Sure, there are random mutations going on all the time, but that's not what evolution is about. Evolution is about NATURAL SELECTION which is definitely NOT a random process.

    There is a very specific rule that is applied to the "random mutations" to see which ones move forward and that is (more or less) this: Those mutations that tend to make a creature at least slightly more successful will tend to spread throughout a population. And "successful" means (essentially) living long enough to reproduce and raise young.

    This is NOT random at all. Most (nearly all) mutations are either BAD and cause damage, or effectively do nothing. Only a few rare mutations actually pass the natural selection test of being positive and therefore spread through successive generations.

    In a given context a mutation is either going to tend to be helpful to the survival of the creature or not. So I say once again Evolution is NOT random.

    I could go on and on and explain how natural selection often leads to results that APPEAR to look "planned", even though they were not planned with any intelligent forethought, but that would be a whole book. Instead, read Richard Dawkins "The Blind Watchmaker".

  52. Utter folderol by FatAssBastard · · Score: 2, Insightful
    Because this is a democracy, where majority rules.

    Incorrect. We live in a Republic, which means we have Representatives that make policy. Our form of government was set up specifically to avoid the tyranny of the majority. Are you really unaware of this?

    Regarding teaching Creationism/ID, there's nothing to teach except "God/A Mysterious Intelligent Force did it". Whether you are willing to accept it or not, evolution theory is supported by science, therefore it should be taught in science class.

    Do you really want to dumb down our country? If we don't teach our children proper scientific methods, we will lose our technological leadership.

    Do you really want to weaken America?

    /serious...

    --
    /.: why the hell am I here?
  53. They started receiving email by kiore · · Score: 3, Funny

    REQUEST FOR URGENT BUSINESS RELATIONSHIP

    Dear Mr Neanderthal,

    First I must solicit your strictest confidence of this transaction. This is by virtue of its nature as being utterly confidential and "Top Secret".

    You must be surprised hearing from me in this manner as we have not previously communicated.

    Please allow me to introduce myself. I am HOMO SAPIENS SAPIENS, descendant and heir of the late HOMO HEIDELBERGENSIS of AFRICA.

    Before he passed away my late ancestor secreted one hundred thousand (ONE HUNDRED THOUSAND) african elephants in the plains of Africa and I seek your assistance to export these animals to Europe where the growing shortage of the similar "Woolly mamoths" would make them highly marketable.

    While the seas and deserts seperating Africa from Europe are easily overcome, African Animals are unable to tolerate cold and I will need a number of large fur coats to protect them for the journey.

    In return for the suply of these furs and acting as my agent for the sale I would be delighted to offer you a full 50% of the realised market value.

    Yours Faithfully

    Homo Sapiens Sapiens,
    Lagos,
    Africa

  54. Another theory... by Lone_Canuck · · Score: 2, Funny

    The Neanderthals couldn't order in French so they simply starved to death.

  55. Easy by stewwy · · Score: 2, Funny

    they caught avian bird flu........ coming to a chicken near you this winter

  56. Re:Saw A Program About This On German TV 2 Years A by CmdrGravy · · Score: 3, Funny

    Are you somehow unaware of the over riding laws of real men ?

    1) Every hole's a goal.
    2) You don't look at the mantlepiece when you're stoking the fire.

  57. Re:almost true... by Carbonated+Milk · · Score: 2, Informative

    Holy crap, one different gene?! They must be a different species! Why are you trusting what your crackpot history teacher has to say about genetics?

  58. Re:Saw A Program About This On German TV 2 Years A by aquatone282 · · Score: 2, Funny

    The neandrathal female in the program WAS very ugly.

    But boys will be boys, won't they?

    ;D

    --
    What?
  59. Re:almost true... by some+guy+I+know · · Score: 2, Insightful
    if you are american, you are most certainly of european stock
    Not true of most Americans all of whose ancestors were here prior to the arrival of Columbus.
    (The exceptions, if any, would have some Viking blood.)
    --
    Those who sacrifice security to condemn liberty deserve to repeat history or something. - Benjamin Santayana
  60. Re:almost true... by Jupiter9 · · Score: 3, Insightful

    "A good proof for the christian anti-darwinists that it is not always the fittest that survive..."

    Actually you misunderstand the meaningof that term. The word fittest is termed as something that is "the best at surviving.", not necessarily the best at something like strength, eating, building, etc. So in the real world those species that are best at learning, or adapting to their environment (read as: able to survive in their environment), are those that evolve and thus "survive".

    So the fittest always do servive, because they are the best at surviving.

    --

    --
    Does anyone remember /\/\/\?
  61. Science is not a religion by Doc+Ri · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Following science to the exclusion of anything else is also a religion.

    This not true. Unfortunately, statements like this all to often remain unchallenged. The false assumption behind it is that every approach to the mysteries of the world we are living in qualifies as a religion. Science is different, however.

    As opposed to religion, science is based on evidence. It is about making informed choices. These are not necessarily the right choices (in hindsight). But they are the only ones you can come up with without simply relying on tradition, authority or 'revelation'. Usually, adopting the scientific method is an informed choice in itself.

    How much different are religions! The vast majority of religious people did not pick their specific religion based on an informed choice. Most just believe what their parents believe or what was planted in their minds by other authorities when they were children.

    Like the GP I'll also take science any day of the week. Not because I am converted but because I am convinced.

    --
    617B3B7F7E7C7D7F00EOF
  62. ID is not science by Scrameustache · · Score: 2, Insightful

    I'm sick of people touting Intelligent Design when they don't even understand Evolution.

    Most people touting Intelligent Design do it because they don't understand Evolution, or they do it to dishonestly promote their religious beliefs, hiding them under pseudoscience.

    --

    You can't take the sky from me...

  63. Creationism is about authority, not truth by ianscot · · Score: 2, Insightful
    If physics, chemistry, etc. still all work as expected, how is origin so critical?

    Let's see, how exactly do we come up with a coherent world view in which a) DNA, genes, chromosomes and so on are the means of inheritance; and b) the first woman was created using a rib torn from the side of the first man? The best you can do is propose a "God set things in motion" model, in my view anyway, and then you've got all sorts of problems keeping that afloat if you've ever even seen meiosis or mitosis. (If God "set it in motion" then where exactly along the genetic chain does God intervene to make certain subcellular determinations in line with prophesy and so on? Michael Behe winds up proposing that sort of constant intervention in order to make his watch-watchmaker arguments for things like Cilia.)

    At a basic foundational level, almost any science poses extreme challenges to a "literalist" (which of course always means selectively, conveniently literalist in actual practice) reading of the Bible.

    In geology, for example, realizing that the world wasn't made exactly the way it is now, that it became this way over time on a scale unimaginable to the people who wrote the Bible, makes the "On the Xth day..." business staggeringly superficial by comparison, just to start with. The actual age of the earth is, in and of itself, a contradiction of any reasonable reading of the Bible's specific claims about human life. (Not that the whole 6,000 year thing is actually in the Bible, mind you, except indirectly.)

    But c'mon -- "creationism" isn't about God. It's about the worldly authority of those who claim they speak for God. That's a completely different set of questions. Our Pharisees will tie themselves into intellectual knots to keep their hold on power, and to keep us from asking the obvious questions about their Oh So Divine knowledge... Which contrasted with the rigors of science, seems to come to them awfully, awfully easily, and to back their authority ever so conveniently.

    --
    "Fundamentalism" isn't about divine morality. It's about human authority.
  64. More evidence of Intelligent Design on IRC by mikael · · Score: 2, Interesting


    * Wingman has joined #intelligentdesign
    * AlphaHelix has joined #intelligentdesign
    * MutatedTaxon has joined #intelligentdesign
    <Wingman> hi
    <AlphaHelix> hi Wingman
    <MutatedTaxon> morning Wingman
    <Wingman> finished my project at work today
    <Wingman> the boss upstairs asked me to design something that could fly
    <AlphaHelix> =O=
    <MutatedTaxon> awesome
    <Wingman> so I knew it would have to be something small with wings
    <Wingman> but I didn't what to do for eyes
    <AlphaHelix> hundreds and thousands :)
    <Wingman> tahts what I did, compound eyes
    <MutatedTaxon> l33t
    <Wingman> 4000 on each side
    <MutatedTaxon> w00t
    <AlphaHelix> what about a couple of eyes on the back of the head?
    <Wingman> thought about that too
    <Wingman> got three
    <Wingman> good to have a spare
    <AlphaHalix> lol
    <MutatedTaxon> does it walk?
    <Wingman> Its got six legs with feet
    <Wingman> so it can jump up and start flying if anything comes too close
    <Wingman> and it can even land upside down on a ceiling or roof
    <MutatedTaxon> h4x0r sk1llz
    <Wingman> and it will eat absolutely anything
    <AlphaHelix> no way!!!!
    <Wingman> it regurgitates its stomach acid on anything tasty
    <Wingman> and sucks it back up
    <AlphaHelix> Yuck!
    <AlphaHelix> what are you going to call it?
    <Wingman> The Fly
    <Wingman> cos it flies, gettit?
    * MutatedTaxon has quit IRC (Quit: Leaving)
    * AlphaHelix has quit IRC (Quit: Leaving)
    * Wingman has quit IRC (Quit: Leaving)

    --
    Vintage computer adverts: http://www.vintageadbrowser.com/computers-and-software-ads
  65. Who's ridiculous? by Cujo · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Who said that atheists don't believe in a spiritual life? You can have spirituality aplenty without a deity or anything supernatural at all. As the old Zen master said - if you meet the Buddha on the road, kill him!

    I personally have plenty of reasons to live (I'm leaving in 10 minutes to go pick one of them up from preschool) without a supernatural invisible friend or a fantasy (nighmarishly dull) afterlife. They're my reasons, not someone else's, and not delusions.

    --

    Helium balloons want to be free.