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Half the Work People Do Can Be Automated, Says McKinsey (techinasia.com)

Half the work people do in their jobs can be automated, according to a study published by McKinsey Global Institute. From a report: Instead of assessing the impact of automation on specific jobs, the study went to a more granular level by looking at the activities involved in various jobs. The logic is that every occupation has a range of activities, each with varying potential for automation. McKinsey found that 49 percent of the activities people are paid to do in the global economy can be automated with "currently demonstrated technology." That involves US$11.9 trillion in wages and touches 1.1 billion people. The study encompassed over 50 countries and 80 percent of the world's workers. China, India, Japan, and the US accounted for half of the total wages and employees. Not surprisingly, the two most populous countries, China and India, could see the largest impact of automation, potentially affecting 600 million workers -- which is twice the population of the US.

409 comments

  1. s/half/all/g by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    The question is merely what the resulting "work" will look like, and whether it can be made tolerably bad. [Which, in the case of automation, usually means "better than what human workers do, though still flawed."]

    1. Re:s/half/all/g by arth1 · · Score: 5, Funny

      I for one would welcome a robot doing half of my work. That would be the half of my work that consists of meetings.

    2. Re:s/half/all/g by uncqual · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Unfortunately, that's the half that can't be automated with "currently demonstrated technology".

      Most "currently demonstrated technology" has a logical framework. Most of what goes in meetings has no logical basis. Ergo, it ain't happening soon.

      --
      Why is there an "insightful" mod and why isn't it "-1"? If I wanted insight, I wouldn't be reading /.
    3. Re:s/half/all/g by HornWumpus · · Score: 1

      Protip: Leave an inflatable love doll in the meeting, dressed in some of your old clothes. 90% of meetings are just some PHB making speeches, he won't know the difference.

      --
      John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
    4. Re:s/half/all/g by zlives · · Score: 1

      we accomplished this by webex, you just join the meeting and go on about your life, all is well.

    5. Re: s/half/all/g by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Weak bait. 0/8. Nobody even cares to retali8.

    6. Re:s/half/all/g by harvey+the+nerd · · Score: 1

      Ok, got me. But I need the beauty rest for the heavy lift on the other half that no one else ever figured out.

    7. Re: s/half/all/g by LinuxLuver · · Score: 2

      It hardly matters. 600 million under / un-employed people still need to eat. Without a universal basic income the depression and unrest this will cause will dwarf anything seen before by anyone alive since WWII.

      --
      Only boring people are ever bored.
    8. Re: s/half/all/g by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Automate consulting first.

  2. Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

    What is the unemployment threshold going to be?
    When unemployment caused by automation, robotics, etc reaches 10%?
    15%...
    20%..?

    In the coming decades more and more people worldwide will become unemployable, and they will have nothing to do or any way to make a living?

    How are governments and communities going to respond?

    1. Re:Threshold by Lije+Baley · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Go watch some of those thoughtful dystopian movies they used to make. It has all been well foreseen and described.

      --
      Strange things are afoot at the Circle-K.
    2. Re: Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Kill the poor, duh.

      But seriously, countries will clamp down on immigration and corral/deport their poor until they all die off.

    3. Re:Threshold by __aaclcg7560 · · Score: 4, Insightful

      You're assuming that people won't find a different job their current job is automated. The days of working the same job for 50 years and getting a gold watch are long over.

    4. Re: Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Deport them to where?

    5. Re:Threshold by H3lldr0p · · Score: 2

      What do you define as a "job".

      Where does creative work like writing, illustrating, singing, etc go on that spectrum?

      In a world where even our food is largely automated, how do you compensate people and configure a fiat currency that doesn't crash every other year b/c of market greed?

      I'm not disagreeing with the second portion of your statement. Most stable work like that has gone by the wayside and only existed for a short time in the US. But by not having a social safety net for everyone, this kind of thing looks like it might ruin the US. Now is the time to plan for the worst and hope for the best.

    6. Re:Threshold by hodet · · Score: 1

      They have two choices, prepare for civil wars and unrest or allow the masses to benefit from all of this automation by maintaining their needs with a part of the wealth that is generated by all those savings. It's quite simple really....when a person loses all hope they become desperate.

    7. Re: Threshold by Yvan256 · · Score: 1

      I've heard there's going to be a lot of jobs available on the moon and Mars.

    8. Re: Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Yeah.

      For more robots.

    9. Re:Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      What about people that don't have the mental flexibility to train for a new job? Don't forget half the people in the world have an IQ of less than 100. Screw them?

    10. Re:Threshold by TWX · · Score: 1

      The people that own the machinery are not going to want to share though.

      the best thing that can be done is to start tailoring school curriculum with these disruptive technologies in-mind, so that there are less people that would seek to go into doomed industries in the first place. Unfortunately that costs money and people don't want to be taxed to make that kind of budgeting available.

      --
      Do not look into laser with remaining eye.
    11. Re: Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Mexico, India, etc. America has 11+ million illegals to deport. Many criminals to deport. If they can't deport them, they'll continue to corral them in poor neighborhoods and prisons.

    12. Re:Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      By continuing to inflate the wedge between haves and have-nots, and by propagandizing the declining middle class with bootstraps rhetoric until they vote their remaining privilege out of existence in a miserable bid to stop the gravy train for those lazy poors.

    13. Re: Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Antarctica?

      There is no stockade, no guard tower, no electronic frontier. Punishment means exile from prison to the surface. On the surface, nothing can survive. ...Work well and you will be treated well. Work badly and you will die.

    14. Re:Threshold by phantomfive · · Score: 2

      Even U6 is down below 10% now, so unemployment isn't a problem right now. It will be fixed just like every other social problem: late, after it becomes a problem for so many people that they are willing to vote for it.

      --
      "First they came for the slanderers and i said nothing."
    15. Re:Threshold by fropenn · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Or, maybe we could all just work fewer hours per week. Which would leave more time for, you know, living.

      I heard a story from a friend who works with refugees. One family, he found a good job for the father, got them settled, etc. After a few weeks the father had stopped going to work. My friend asked the father what had happened, was there a problem with the work? Was it too difficult to get to work? Did they not like you?
      No, he said, it was none of these things. He stopped going to work because he realized his children were growing up without him and it was his responsibility to be home to take care of the family. Once that was accomplished, then he would go to work. This then, of course, led to conversations about having to pay for things you need for life and so on, but I think there is a grain of truth here.

      Life != work and there would be plenty of great living to do outside of work.

    16. Re:Threshold by mlw4428 · · Score: 1

      What about when it's all kinds of jobs? What happens when you only need 1 human to maintain 300 machines who can each do the work of 500 people? As more and more of these machines come into the workplace, fewer and fewer jobs are needed. If you automate the building of these machines and that automation can build its own parts as well, you eventually get to a point where there literally isn't enough work for everyone. Capitalism's weakness is automation. It doesn't anticipate the automation of entire industries simultaneously. Most economic theories haven't - particularly when resource creation can't keep up with the population.

    17. Re:Threshold by serviscope_minor · · Score: 5, Insightful

      You're assuming that people won't find a different job their current job is automated.

      You're assuming they will. It didn't happen with the industrial revolution. Their grandkids found other jobs, but for a lot of displaced agricultural workers it meant grinding poverty.

      IOW it may or may not happen. You don't know and there's historical precident in both directions.

      --
      SJW n. One who posts facts.
    18. Re:Threshold by OhPlz · · Score: 2

      That is often called "the world's first profession".

    19. Re: Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Something... something... Soylent green!

    20. Re:Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      It's become increasingly difficult and will only get worse, as more and more of the job switches induced by this are downwards. We don't need anyone good with carburators anymore, and 3d printing will decimate machinist positions within the decade. Years of education and experience straight down the drain, but, sure, you manage to get yourself a new job.... and next thing you know you're staring at the guys installing the automated point-of-sale systems they now have at McDonalds, and the removal of two of the four cashes, knowing that one of you three (there's never all four manned) will be told there's no longer enough hours left to keep you after next week.

      Personally? We used to have three guys on two-man rotation for every Dam. The diagnostic and signals system was integrated in Three-Rivers, though, and we didn't get fired, but whenever someone retires, there's no one brought in to replace them. The last five years before I also retired, there were two of us driving between three different dams in the region whenever there were technical troubles, and the places themselves were down to just one operator for the six machines (the turbine+generator assembly) who doesn't even call us anymore, it all comes from dispatch in Montreal. There haven't been "wild and wonderful new jobs in exciting new domains" replacing those positions or anything. Just less new jobs yet more new applicants.

      But everyone loudly proclaims they're hiring every day; because it looks bad when you do not.

    21. Re:Threshold by iamgnat · · Score: 2, Insightful

      But by not having a social safety net for everyone, this kind of thing looks like it might ruin the US.

      Why is it the government's or society's responsibility to support those that refuse to support themselves?

      There will always be a need for manual labor, at least until the machines rise up and successfully exterminate us. Every time there is a great advancement in technology we hear the same thing, yet we still have all kinds of work available for those motivated to do it.

      Those that truly can't learn new skills due to REAL physical or mental limitations should always get our help. Those that simply refuse to transition or look at certain jobs as beneath them deserve neither sympathy nor support.

      We can not halt progress and change simply because some can't/won't keep up.

    22. Re:Threshold by zifn4b · · Score: 1

      What is the unemployment threshold going to be? When unemployment caused by automation, robotics, etc reaches 10%? 15%... 20%..?

      In the coming decades more and more people worldwide will become unemployable, and they will have nothing to do or any way to make a living?

      How are governments and communities going to respond?

      An economic system based on there never being enough people to do the labor will have to be fundamentally changed because we will have a labor shortage. The question is what changes will that involve? When this happens, requiring people who have no access to labor to pay taxes or procure goods in exchange for currency that can only be gained by exchanging labor will not make any sense.

      --
      We'll make great pets
    23. Re:Threshold by Billly+Gates · · Score: 1

      Not to sound racist but we have plenty of Mexicans and other Latinos entering the US and Canada to do work white people feel is beneath them.

      What will happen is regular people will live 6 to a home and pick vegatables, mow lawns, clean toilets, and wash dishes. That is a problem if you want an SUV, 1 million for retirement, and own a home though

    24. Re:Threshold by mjr167 · · Score: 2, Interesting

      We create new and different jobs. 100 years ago computer programmer wasn't a thing. Now it is. The US agriculture industry died and was replaced by a manufacturing industry. Manufacturing is being replaced by service. As we start to eliminate service jobs, we will replace them. Perhaps artists will be profitable?

      Secretarial work has been dieing out as well and those admins have been moving into different positions. Same with travel agents. Now we have wedding and party planners.

      There are industries with a shortage of people. The economy is changing. People need to adapt. There is plenty of work. You just have to be willing to do it.

      John Adams said "I must study Politicks and War that my sons may have liberty to study Mathematicks and Philosophy. My sons ought to study Mathematicks and Philosophy, Geography, natural History, Naval Architecture, navigation, Commerce and Agriculture, in order to give their Children a right to study Painting, Poetry, Musick, Architecture, Statuary, Tapestry and Porcelaine."

      We do not want to hand our children our jobs.

    25. Re:Threshold by bluefoxlucid · · Score: 5, Insightful

      90% of the workforce was farmers in 1870. It's 2% now, with a total of about 10% of all work supporting that (chemists, GMO, shipping, irrigation, fuel for all this shit...).

      Economic growth is basically either "we have more people, so we make more stuff, because more people work more" or "we figured out how to use the same people to make the same shit in half the time, so we made twice as much shit." Wages essentially represent time.

    26. Re:Threshold by MooseTick · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Everyone is not creative. Everyone can't write, and most can't well enough that anyone would want to read it. Many can't sing, or draw, or express themselves beyond the level of a 3rd grader.

      Does our current "fiat currency" "crash every other year b/c of market greed?" Yes, there are ups and downs in the market, but I wouldn't call it a crash.

      And while I agree there needs to be a social safety net, people need to deal with change. This isn't a US problem. It isn't even necessarily a problem. All that said, automation isn't free. You can automate lots of jobs, but it may cost more to automate than it costs to pay someone to do it. Flipping burgers can easily be automated, but currently its cheaper and easier to train a 16yo to do it. They can also make fries, take out the trash, clean tables, and do other tasks. All that can be automated as well, but not cost effectively. Now, if we ever get iRobot humanoid style robots for under $100k, that will be extremely disruptive. That's likely at least a generation or more away though.

    27. Re:Threshold by Billly+Gates · · Score: 4, Interesting

      The same arguments hit in the19th century. Factories were scary! The Barron's of wallstreet and CEOs ruled. Illegal immigrants from Ireland , China, and Italy were taking all the jobs. Professional box makers, clock makers, textile tailor jobs were all disappearing! It was the end??!

      Or was it? It turns out without the industrial revolution we wouldn't have a modern lifestyle today. It sounds very similar to today. Replace ethnic groups and names of baron titans to ones today? Viola.

      True you do not have housewives as rich tailors making shirts anymore. You do not see professional box makers nor time keepers (before alarm clocks they would knock on your window to get u up) anymore. But we have cars, cheap goods, and the migrants descendents are all middle to upper class now.

      Goods will become cheaper as globalism expands these countries buy our stuff back as they enter middle class. Look at China? Japan was poor too. Now we make money off them. When the dust settles 50 years from now we all will be rich. Africa will be the last challenge. Everyone will be better off

    28. Re:Threshold by bluefoxlucid · · Score: 4, Interesting

      It's not people who refuse so much as who can't; and that doesn't mean automation will wipe all jobs away, either, regardless of what the doomsday predictors who fear the pneumatic air gun and wooden shipping pallet say.

      Wages are paid from revenue--from what's spent. Savings is made by keeping wage instead of spending, and spending more than wages means cutting into savings or creating debt. Wages represent labor time, and form the basis of price: if you need 10 hours of $10/hr work to make a thing, it can't sell for any less than $100 (although it can sell for more than that), else you can't pay your workers at all.

      There are a lot of weird economics involved; one of them is that the money transfer only supports so many jobs at a given time, and that trade and technical progress make temporary unemployment. Technical progress is the purer form: internally, new technology means some people become unemployed for a few months or so, and your unemployment bumps by 0.1% until the prices fail to keep with inflation and the consumers buy more stuff with the money they're no longer spending--which requires more labor, thus replacing the jobs. Trade resolves itself in 1-3 years generally, and causes more or less labor force growth--early or late retirement, grad school versus employment, birth rate changes, more or fewer immigrant workers (trade uses outsourced workers--sending money away, not bringing workers here), and the like.

      During these temporary transitions, some people can't get jobs. Some people need to be around when we suddenly need more laborers, but also will only work half the time as a result of our fickle economy and their happenstance place in it. As trade and technical progress increase the purchasing power of our same amount of labor, a smaller fraction of our income represents the necessary funds to support these people, and thus the general welfare; eventually, that fraction is smaller than the economic cost of not supporting them (e.g. if a transient laborer dies homeless, then you need to replace him by raising a child--a useless human being who only consumes for 15-20 years, providing no wealth of labor back to the economy during this time).

    29. Re:Threshold by __aaclcg7560 · · Score: 1

      What about people that don't have the mental flexibility to train for a new job?

      I know a pair of computer scientist graduates who stopped learning after leaving the university. They both got good jobs at different companies, got laid off seven years later during the dot com bust, took a six-month "vacation" while drawing unemployment benefits and couldn't find a job because their programming skills were obsolete. Did they teach themselves new skills, go back to school or enroll in a boot camp? Nope. They took jobs as cashier clerks, which they're still doing today. Smart guys who never became lifelong learners and made stupid career choices.

      Don't forget half the people in the world have an IQ of less than 100. Screw them?

      Is IQ relevant for a job? No job I ever worked for asked about my IQ. Not for manual labor in construction, warehouse and restaurant. Not for technical work in video games, help desk, PC refresh and data center projects, or InfoSec. I've met stupid people in all those jobs who shouldn't have been working in the first place.

    30. Re:Threshold by bluefoxlucid · · Score: 1

      What happens when you only need 1 human to maintain 300 machines who can each do the work of 500 people?

      You mean a $78,000 Tesla is only going to cost 52 cents, and I can now afford to add third floor to my house, buy a few musical instruments, and hire a couple private tutors?

      Sounds great to me. We'll all drive Teslas.

    31. Re:Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Probably force most of these people to turn to crime to survive, so we can then throw them in jail and wait for them to die off.

      The best part is, once they are in jail they will no longer be counted in unemployment statistics, so it will look like labor automation isn't contributing to the problem at all!

    32. Re:Threshold by ZecretZquirrel · · Score: 1

      What is the unemployment threshold going to be? When unemployment caused by automation, robotics, etc reaches 10%? 15%... 20%..?

      In the coming decades more and more people worldwide will become unemployable, and they will have nothing to do or any way to make a living?

      How are governments and communities going to respond?

      They will respond, out of perceived necessity, with further militarization of the police and surveillance of the activities of the unemployed. The revolution will be drone-struck before it can strike the first blow.

    33. Re:Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Interesting. I'm sure you're getting much deeper stimulation from 4chan than from concentrated engagement with a single piece of media.

    34. Re:Threshold by fluffernutter · · Score: 1

      This is the first time in history where the whole point was to not employ people. Previously it was a matter of profiting by employing people, today that is considered a terrible business plan.

      --
      Laws are rules for the court, but merely a bottom bar to hit for life. Think beyond laws in your actions always.
    35. Re:Threshold by sinij · · Score: 1

      Interesting counter-point to this. Supposedly, Romans knew how to build primitive steam engines. They never bothered perfecting this, as it was seen as much more expensive than slave labor that was already abundant and relatively cheap.

      The future is not unemployment due to complete automation, the future is shit jobs and shit salaries for everyone with just enough automation to suppress everyone's wages.

    36. Re:Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Exactly this. The wealth of a society is not measured by how many are employed, but by how much that society produces. Money is a claim on HUMAN labor. When supply lines are completely automated, everything will be as free as, there is no human labor involved in the transaction. Prices fall to zero. Just like with air.

      What people are worried about is that the guy setting up an automated system will just keep charging money for the work of his machines as though it was humans doing the production. This doesn't last--market forces move the prices down and down and down until it isn't worth charging for any more. Only major consumers get charged (much like you don't get charged to use the highway system, but big trucks do), or those who want a premium product or service that utilizes some marginal human labor input.

      Here is a good article from nearly a decade ago on the subject--written well before the idea that superintelligent robotic servants could and would be created in the relatively near future: https://www.wired.com/2008/02/ff-free/

    37. Re:Threshold by no-body · · Score: 1

      What is the unemployment threshold going to be?
      When unemployment caused by automation, robotics, etc reaches 10%?
      15%...
      20%..?

      In the coming decades more and more people worldwide will become unemployable, and they will have nothing to do or any way to make a living?

      How are governments and communities going to respond?

      All OK, no problem it fixes itself.

      Since - according to a common philosophy, anyone not doing well is doing something wrong and needs to be punished to learn how to do it right, that's just the way the natural selection of the fittest, staying on top and survives, works.

      Probably some Elysium-Style arrangement.

      http://www.politicalcortex.com...

    38. Re:Threshold by __aaclcg7560 · · Score: 1

      What happens when you only need 1 human to maintain 300 machines who can each do the work of 500 people?

      Disappointed Trump supporters who didn't get that one job. Those are the manufacturing jobs that are coming back to America. Not the big factories that hires 1,500 people, but the little factories that hires a dozen people to do the work of 1,500 people. In short, Trump lied.

      Capitalism's weakness is automation.

      Capitalism, especially crony capitalism, doesn't care about people. Everyone is a cog. If a cog can get replaced with a machine that can produce more widgets for the same buck, the invisible hand of the market dictates replacing the cog.

    39. Re:Threshold by Altus · · Score: 1

      How many party planners do we need? Will the government host parties just to keep those people employed?

      --

      "In America, first you get the sugar, then you get the power, then you get the women..." -H. Simpson

    40. Re:Threshold by lgw · · Score: 1

      Service jobs will never go away, they'll just evolve into more customized or creative services. Wedding and party planners are a good example of that, but so are home theater installers. The cheaper basic goods are, the more people will spend on getting help on life tasks.

      --
      Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
    41. Re:Threshold by fluffernutter · · Score: 2

      A big problem is that the unemployment numbers won't manifest themselves as a problem until the very very end. So many people here saying "it's ok that company X provides a crappy job because it's better to work than not". Well that's true, but people who are working increasingly crappy jobs by necessity aren't being registered as unemployed. Recently in the article about Amazon creating 100,000 jobs I got modded down for suggesting that the quality of the jobs matter, but I think it is crucial that job quality be tracked because otherwise we're just masking the problem by creating a workforce of increasingly more desperate people, which gives the corporations more power while not registering in the numbers at all.

      --
      Laws are rules for the court, but merely a bottom bar to hit for life. Think beyond laws in your actions always.
    42. Re:Threshold by mlw4428 · · Score: 1

      This is assuming Tesla would drop price that much. It would be like assuming Comcast would drop its data cap since it costs them next to nothing to provide infrastructure. Yet here we are with data caps in 2016.

    43. Re:Threshold by HornWumpus · · Score: 1

      Most self described 'creatives' aren't. They just echo each other. Somehow they eak out a living.

      People like power over others, so rich people like to be served by Baristas, even though automated machines can already do the job much better than most people employed as coffee slingers. It's also why managers like to increase their 'headcount'. All rational business should keep headcount to a minimum while still getting the job done, but perverse economic incentives are everywhere. None are more perverse than the joy a middle manager feels wasting your time, when you already way behind schedule and working extra hours. It's just a power trip.

      --
      John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
    44. Re: Threshold by cyber-vandal · · Score: 3, Funny

      I think people still make violas

    45. Re:Threshold by mjr167 · · Score: 1, Interesting

      And yet we have billion dollar industries built around watching people play ball.

      My friend who is a handyman has a 6 month waiting list of jobs people want him to do. The house cleaners around here all have waiting lists. So do the daycares. There is work and plenty of it. They just require personal responsibility and initiative instead of just waiting for the boss to tell you want to do. Don't want your job to be automated? Be useful and adaptive. Add value beyond the machine.

      My entire job is automating tasks that people do. Just because I automate a job, doesn't mean a person gets fired. It means the people responsible for those tasks become responsible for more/different tasks. Which I then automate. The net result is more is accomplished.

      ATMs resulted in an explosion of the number of bank tellers needed because suddenly there were more things that 'needed' to be done. The realization that a person doesn't have to do a task, means that we can re-task that person. If you cannot be re-tasked, then you have a problem and it isn't that I just automated your job.

    46. Re:Threshold by Dragonslicer · · Score: 4, Insightful

      But by not having a social safety net for everyone, this kind of thing looks like it might ruin the US.

      Why is it the government's or society's responsibility to support those that refuse to support themselves?

      Because the alternative is that a large number of people will be unable to feed themselves. And one of the major lessons of history is that when large numbers of people have no other way to survive, they turn to robbery or outright revolt. Some of us enjoy living in a modern civilization and would like it to remain that way.

    47. Re:Threshold by HornWumpus · · Score: 2

      The greeks had primitive 'steam engines'. But it took advances in metallurgy to make the engines practical. Even in the 1800s, it took decades before boiler explosions were a solved problem.

      It was hard animal harnesses that did away with most slavery. Before that an ox or a human were comparable to draft animals in terms of work/food. Putting the load onto the ox's shoulders 'automated' the job of 'human plow puller' (yes I know, modern plows were another invention, I'm skipping steps).

      --
      John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
    48. Re:Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The machinists can get jobs correcting people who don't know what 'decimate' means.

    49. Re: Threshold by cyber-vandal · · Score: 1

      I'm sure there won't be any social unrest when that happens though. It's not like loads of Americans have voted in a lunatic due to the damaging effects of outsourcing previously well paid jobs.

    50. Re: Threshold by plopez · · Score: 2

      The civil unrest it causes could make it impractical to automate to that level.

      --
      putting the 'B' in LGBTQ+
    51. Re:Threshold by plopez · · Score: 1

      Refuse can be dealt with through proper socialization. And probably over 90% of the people I have met on social assistance programs got off of it ASAP. They wanted to control their own lives.

      --
      putting the 'B' in LGBTQ+
    52. Re:Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      half the people in the world have an IQ of less than 100

      No. This assumes no one at all has an IQ of 100. 100 is the peak of the bell curve. IQ 100 has the highest number of people, and 95-105 has a large portion of the population, and I defy you to tell the difference between a 95 and a 105 after even knowing the people for several years. Perhaps you meant the mentally retarded? They're as rare as geniuses, and in many cases are given "jobs" that are created as feel good busy work. Welcome to Walmart.

    53. Re:Threshold by Jason+Levine · · Score: 1

      Everyone is not creative. Everyone can't write, and most can't well enough that anyone would want to read it.

      And even if you can, it's hard to be heard above all the other people who are writing/creating. In October, I published my first novel. Now, I have no delusions that it'd be a New York Times Bestseller, but I think it's pretty good. As I'm working on the sequel, I started trying to "sell" it. The only problem is that I'm much better at writing a book than at selling it. There are hundreds of other books out there and getting people to actually buy and read yours is an uphill battle.

      In the end, I have a full-time job and wrote this book for enjoyment rather than income. If I had to rely on it for my income, though, I'd be in huge trouble.

      --
      My sci-fi novel, Ghost Thief, is now available from Amazon.com.
    54. Re:Threshold by liquid_schwartz · · Score: 1

      One point to consider is that birth rates are dropping and the industrialized world in general would have a shrinking population if not for immigration. This should be a manageable issue - if only the government took the approach of actually looking for solutions instead of spending all their time trying to make the other party look bad.

    55. Re:Threshold by jbengt · · Score: 1

      Actually, the worst "thing that can be done is to start tailoring school curriculum with these disruptive technologies in-mind." Education should be about developing critical thinking skills. Teaching any particular technology is bound to failure, as it will likely become obsolete shortly after being taught.

    56. Re:Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      It is that type of arrogance that results in our betters finding their neck in the guillotine.

    57. Re:Threshold by sjames · · Score: 1

      And you're assuming there will be a job for them to find in an era when employers are busy laying off half their workforce.

    58. Re:Threshold by plopez · · Score: 1

      The 1800's was a very different situation than now. You could send people to the Western US, Australia, Argentina etc. to absorb the unemployed. And before people say "Mars", that is still about 100 years away and likely to be automated.

      --
      putting the 'B' in LGBTQ+
    59. Re:Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Of course it will. To say otherwise is to say that there is nothing left for humans to do that would be worth paying for.
      Even in your example you admit that people eventually adjusted and found other work.

    60. Re:Threshold by mspohr · · Score: 1

      Why is it the government's or society's responsibility to support those that refuse to support themselves?

      The issue isn't people "refusing" to support themselves.
      The issue is not having enough jobs so that a person who wants to support him/herself can get a job.

      It is the government's and society's responsibility to support those who cannot find a job because there are no jobs.

      --
      I don't read your sig. Why are you reading mine?
    61. Re:Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      by calling unemployment underemployment and removing them from the statistics. It will never be more than 10%

    62. Re:Threshold by liquid_schwartz · · Score: 1

      ...Japan was poor too. Now we make money off them. When the dust settles 50 years from now we all will be rich. Africa will be the last challenge. Everyone will be better off

      The balance of trade between the US and Japan is completely unbalanced. They make money off us, not the other way around. $24 Billion in 2013 according to Google.

      Regarding the comment about everyone will be better off, the declining angry middle class would disagree with you. Wages have been almost stagnant since the 70's for workers while the top 1% soars. This is definitely not looking like everyone will be better off.

    63. Re:Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      No they came here. Remember there was no minimum wage.

      Factory owners had their own towns and sponsored mass immigration because of those pesky unions. Complained? Shit, get another Italian in ASAP. They paid Chinese wages today.

      Tennament homes? Yep a murder a night in some and conditions were worse than Foxcon living today! So yes it is comparable. We brought them here.

    64. Re:Threshold by trevc · · Score: 1

      Do you have a point you are trying to make or just babbling?

    65. Re: Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Don't worry, the robocops and robosoldiers will calm down the unrest.

    66. Re:Threshold by aergern · · Score: 1

      Go watch Star Trek : and see what WE could do when folks don't need money. Why the F*** does it have to be a dystopian future? Really?

      --
      Tell me what you believe...I'll tell you what you should see.
    67. Re:Threshold by fluffernutter · · Score: 1

      So you're saying the 5 million truck drivers that will soon be out of work should all become handymen? At some point these industries will become saturated and that handyman who has a 6 month waiting list now will be working for $10 an hour and begging for jobs. That handyman can command a certain wage now because there are enough people in other industries who have not chosen that path. One would need to look deeply into whether the remaining industries can survive the massive influx of new entrants or not. It is questionable whether a 55 year old truck driver will even be able to reeducate his/herself effectively. Most people who choose to be a handyman do it because they find they have a natural talent for it. At the very least they're going to be taking a massive pay cut and decrease in the quality of living.

      --
      Laws are rules for the court, but merely a bottom bar to hit for life. Think beyond laws in your actions always.
    68. Re:Threshold by bluefoxlucid · · Score: 1

      yeah, I'm getting tired of trying to teach an entire course of economics in a slashdot comment. The long and short of it is replacing 50% of your workforce in a week with machines is bad juju; replacing 100% of your jobs repeatedly over a couple decades is awesome. GDP-per-capita doubles when you replace 50% of work with technology--which means your ability to buy things (complicated technology and just "more stuff") goes up.

      For example: between 1970 and 1990, we about tripled the amount of food produced per labor-hour worked on the farm or in the supply chain feeding into the farm. That has reduced the percentage of American employment invested in food production, shifting it to other jobs in that time. Note that's 20 years of time, impacting some 15% of jobs--less than 1% per year, and the population has grown in that time and so the actual amount of worker displacement is not exactly "X million jobs were there, then got lost" (we actually have more farm-related jobs than we did in 1970, because we have more than double the population).

      It would be like assuming Comcast would drop its data cap since it costs them next to nothing to provide infrastructure. Yet here we are with data caps in 2016.

      Actually, Comcast has increased bandwidth speeds from about 1.5Mbit/s in 1998 to 200Mbit/s in 2016. A 128k ISDN line cost $35/month in 1998, and now I pay $83/month for 1,500 of those--that is to say, I pay $83/month for $52,500/month of bandwidth. Even Comcast charged $40/month for their 1.5Mbit/s in 1998, meaning I'm sitting on a connection Comcast would have sold me for $5,300/month in 1998 and paying $83/month for it in 2016--BLS says I should be paying Comcast about $8,000/month.

      Comcast has an actual total corporate profit average of something like 7% across 10 years. The gross profit on bandwidth is considerably-high and used as a political talking point by people who would like you to ignore the cost of running the rest of the supporting business (gross profits just take an arbitrary set of inputs as costs to outputs, while ignoring all other business activities related to and required for the production of those outputs). The truth is Comcast is charging me $83/month for what costs them $77 to supply.

      Those bandwidth caps are there because Comcast has to provide additional infrastructure to keep up with that kind of bandwidth usage. They're new because people found new ways to consume faster than Comcast could find cheaper ways to supply, and Comcast can cheaply supply the capacity for high throughput but not the capacity for high total volume--they can supply a 10Mbit/s network where you can't even hardly watch an HD stream, or they can allow you to download system updates in 1 minute but not allow too many people to download that much shit continuously without buying and maintaining more infrastructure and raising the price.

      Verizon thinks they have a better way to do it, or at least that they can pretend to without actually incurring too much amortized cost. Maybe they're right.

      So yes, those data caps are there because we can't actually afford to provide the kind of service nobody has ever had before, but somehow everyone expects to materialize.

    69. Re:Threshold by ColdWetDog · · Score: 1

      Why the F*** does it have to be a dystopian future? Really?

      Because we don't have phasers, warp drive, transporters and Mr. Spock.

      Next question?

      --
      Faster! Faster! Faster would be better!
    70. Re:Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      There is work and plenty of it. They just require personal responsibility and initiative instead of just waiting for the boss to tell you want to do.

      That and a stash of money to start a business - good luck getting any from the bank if you're a "have not".

    71. Re:Threshold by sjames · · Score: 1, Insightful

      The problem is the untold suffering that happens for 30 of those 50 years. That's what a safety net is for.

      We got the New Deal because the socialists were gaining support rapidly. It was New Deal or a Socialist revolution.

      There will need to be another New Deal or there will be a revolution well before that 50 year mark.

      The people calling for a safety net and other changes are basically asking "Couldn't we try learning from history this time around?".

    72. Re:Threshold by __aaclcg7560 · · Score: 1

      And you're assuming there will be a job for them to find in an era when employers are busy laying off half their workforce.

      Which employers are laying off half their workforce?

    73. Re:Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Automation increases the amount of work a person can accomplish. This should make us richer. The average person in the USA lives better than the average king 200 years ago (food variety, climate control, indoor plumbing, entertainment, general health and health care to name a few). This is because of automation.

      The problem is not automation "taking jobs." Automation is not a problem. The real problem is wealth disparity. And wealth disparity has always been a problem. Many governments have been overthrown because of the decadence and excess of the aristocracy (see the French and Romans).

      There have been many proposed solutions. Communism tries to address this directly but fails. A regulated free market and representative democracy seems to work the best (in terms of enriching the common people). Will people's vote cause legislation that addresses this problem? IMHO in some cases yes, and in some cases no. Some countries will change to be despotic and some change to be free.

      Is automation a problem, after looking at the last 200 years? No, that is just passing the blame, to keep the surfs from revolting.

    74. Re:Threshold by zifn4b · · Score: 2

      It's not people who refuse so much as who can't; and that doesn't mean automation will wipe all jobs away, either, regardless of what the doomsday predictors who fear the pneumatic air gun and wooden shipping pallet say.

      It doesn't sound like you're familiar with the work of Joseph Schumpeter. Creative Destruction is a real economic phenomenon. All you have to do is look at the history of the ice industry. You'll also notice that there are no seamstresses with wooden looms anymore either. Creative destruction is expected. In fact, one of the core principles behind real Capitalism is to encourage technological innovation. The purpose of technological innovation is to improve the quality of life of human beings. That's exactly what this automation is.

      One of the main reasons there is a raging debate about this in terms of what happens to jobs is because some people can't stomach the idea of us having innovative technology to the point that it doesn't require every citizen to participate in the labor force. This goes all the way back the puritans that originally settled in the United States. I'm referring to people like the Mennonites. One of their beliefs is that your labor counts for something in the afterlife so take away the labor and the whole belief system unravels. There really isn't any value in doing worthless labor for the sake of labor. What would a world look like where there is little or no resource scarcity and there is a limited need for labor. That's a pretty great world I think! It's the one the science fiction idealists of the 50's imagined. Why some people don't ever want to get here is beyond me.

      There are some people that think that it's noble to dig a ditch with a spoon when a free back hoe is available. There is nothing noble about that. It's pure stupidity. We have better uses for our time and energy.

      --
      We'll make great pets
    75. Re:Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      you assume that because you have the ability of convincing others that the worthless task that you perform (by creating problems that weren't there in the first place) is necessary, other people should be doing the same
      No every one has the inclination to became a as licker moron and a leecher, some people actually like to do useful things and automation actually make more difficult to find useful things to do and diminishes the amount of people needed to do those things

      Now go back to micromanage something, I'm sure you cannot wait to get busy answering all those emails having uncountable business meetings and dinners and convincing some director how much you accomplish

    76. Re: Threshold by zifn4b · · Score: 0, Troll

      I think people still make violas

      I'm sure there's an enormous demand for that to build a job-creating industry around. Thanks for playing.

      --
      We'll make great pets
    77. Re:Threshold by mlw4428 · · Score: 1

      The point was that in today's, investor driven, "MOAR PROFITS EVERY QUARTER" mantra companies rarely "pass on the savings" out of goodwill. Many companies, these days, don't even compete on price. Look at Wendy's, Burger King, McDonald's, and Arby's. They've all stopped competing on price - minimizing or altogether skirting the dollar menu. Secondly, even as automation has increased since the 30s, the price of goods and services hasn't gone down. As technology has made manufacturing cheaper than even, the price of my Levi's has only grown. As has the price of my car, the price of a drill, and even the price of nails. Indeed, you can't right blame the cost of labor...most of these things are made in countries that were either similar to a typical 1970s wage OR cheaper than that (with some countries paying literally pennies a day). EVEN in the places where products are made, the locals aren't exactly prospering. No one sane person says "Gee, I want to live like a sweatshop worker".

      I wouldn't expect any company to lower prices simply because of automation. If history is any indicator, that price will continue to rise and the blame will be passed on as something like "inflation" despite it being cheaper/easier/safer/quicker to produce said item.

    78. Re:Threshold by bluefoxlucid · · Score: 2

      The point is there aren't 4.9% of people unemployed because they are too lazy to get jobs; 100% of unemployment is essentially unemployable at the given moment because the consumers spending money and buying things aren't [capable of] buying enough to require their employment.

      This has to do with how people economize: they allocate means (resources) to maximize ends. That means they'll allocate time (labor) and money to maximize stability and amount purchased. People won't work 60 hours for 40 hours of pay (lower wages) so that other people can afford to purchase more and thus spend their money giving others jobs. They seek the lowest-cost goods, which stems from lower-cost wages (wage inequality) as much as it does from fewer labor-hours involved (technology).

      Ultimately, though, population still grows to the limit of economy, which leaves some people with partial unemployment--they on and off have jobs, they work less than full time, and they may have trouble actually surviving on that. This happens because, again, there isn't enough purchasing ability to require them: we aren't capable of paying their wages, thus we can't buy the things they'd make if they had jobs.

      Welfare basically preempts this by cutting a chunk of what we can buy away and using it to cover the stable point reached on what's left. Some people care because it's humane; others care because it's efficient (welfare makes sense to supply when we're more-wealthy supplying welfare than not supplying welfare).

    79. Re:Threshold by zifn4b · · Score: 1

      Or, maybe we could all just work fewer hours per week. Which would leave more time for, you know, living.

      Bingo. That was the prediction of the 50's, it's just happening later than we thought it would: http://time.com/3754781/1965-p...

      --
      We'll make great pets
    80. Re:Threshold by Rick+Schumann · · Score: 1

      Life != work and there would be plenty of great living to do outside of work.

      No, it's not. But I work so I can pay for my Real Life. Would I rather just stay home all week, ride my bike, go to the gym, and become a great road racer? Sure. Can I do that if I'm homeless and starving to death because I have no income? No. Short of magically winning millions of dollars in the lottery, it ain't happening, I have to work.

    81. Re:Threshold by slew · · Score: 1

      What country before ever existed a century and half without rebellion? And what country can preserve it's liberties if their rulers are not warned from time to time that their people preserve the spirit of resistance? Let them take arms. The remedy is to set them right as to facts, pardon and pacify them . What signify a few lives lost in a century or two? The tree of liberty must be refreshed from time to time with the blood of patriots and tyrants. It is it's natural manure.
      -- Thomas Jefferson

    82. Re:Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Note how local your worldview is. Get out of the bubble and see that in other areas, "handyman" isn't even a job because no one thinks that kind of work is worth paying for. It's just another chore in homeownership, no more valuable than folding laundry. Not everywhere has a dearth of people to do work and very few jobs are exempt from automation. This is what we are discussing. It is right in the headline.

      My entire job is automating tasks that people do. Just because I automate a job, doesn't mean a person gets fired.

      Ahh, so there it is.

      "It is difficult to get a man to understand something when his job depends on not understanding it."
      -- Upton Sinclair

    83. Re:Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      See Asimov's "Profession", 1957.

    84. Re:Threshold by sjames · · Score: 1

      All of them once the automation takes over. Sometimes, when planning, it helps to look past the next hour or two.

    85. Re:Threshold by hipp5 · · Score: 3, Informative

      Go watch Star Trek : and see what WE could do when folks don't need money. Why the F*** does it have to be a dystopian future? Really?

      Agreed. Though to be pedantic, I do believe Star Trek's utopian world didn't begin until after most of humanity was destroyed in a nuclear-fuels WWIII.

    86. Re:Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      the difference between the industrial revolution and today automatism revolution is that in the 1800 we invented machines that allow us to expend the time doing other tasks but today we are inventing machines that do anything that we can do even tasks that do not even exist yet, you wont be able to train people on something different because we will be able to make a machine that can do it cheaper and we cannot compete, and those jobs that require people wont be able to accommodate most
      Obviously it wont happen overnight but that is the direction things are taking and for the sake of cost and efficiency there is no way to stop it

    87. Re:Threshold by hipp5 · · Score: 1

      There will always be a need for manual labor,

      Really? Seems to me like that will be the first thing to go, or indeed has already gone in many cases. We have a fraction of the farmers we used to have. The shipping container eliminated a huge number of longshoremen jobs. The housing trades could very easily go away if we start building homes in factories on any sort of scale. And so on.

    88. Re:Threshold by ranton · · Score: 1

      No. This assumes no one at all has an IQ of 100. 100 is the peak of the bell curve. IQ 100 has the highest number of people, and 95-105 has a large portion of the population, and I defy you to tell the difference between a 95 and a 105 after even knowing the people for several years.

      I would think it is actually easier to notice a 10 point difference in IQ near the mean than it is as someone's IQ rises. After around 115 IQ it becomes very hard to tell the difference between a high IQ and simply being educated. 115 IQ is also roughly where someone could perform any job well, from grade school teacher to astrophysicist. But the difference between 95 and 105 is the difference between someone who could do well in college (although probably not well enough for postgraduate work) and someone who had to try hard to get B's in high school. It's the difference between a factory worker who eventually becomes management and someone who just can't get promoted. It's the difference between someone who can think on their feet and someone who needs to be trained well on each task they are required to perform.

      Once someone starts to cross into the 105-110 range is when you start to notice the real difference in intelligence between some people. But telling the difference between 90 and 100, or 120 and 130, are much more difficult than your 95-105 range.

      --
      -- All that is necessary for the triumph of evil is that good men do nothing. -- Edmund Burke
    89. Re:Threshold by hipp5 · · Score: 1

      Or, maybe we could all just work fewer hours per week. Which would leave more time for, you know, living.

      And that's not the first time we'd take such a step. I mean, before the industrial revolution it was common to work long hours and work on Saturday. Now many people only work 35 - 40 hours a week. We also reduced unemployment by prohibiting child labour.

    90. Re:Threshold by mjr167 · · Score: 2

      People actually pay people to fold laundry for them. Perhaps you should get out of your bubble. They also pay people to mow their lawn. Yes, I can paint my bedroom myself. But I would rather spend that time playing with my kids instead of yelling at them to not dump the paint on their heads. So I pay someone who has the ability to focus on the task at hand.

      Carpenter, electrician, plumber... All these things need done. When my sink starts dumping water into my basement, I *could* fix it myself. Or I can call my handyman and he'll fix it. Just because *you* have never looked for one, doesn't mean they aren't around or that other people don't value them. My office mate is so happy I gave her my guy's name because now shit around her house is getting fixed.

      We just paid a guy to bring lunch to the office. Because while we could go out ourselves, we didn't want to.

      Stop being so demeaning to the people that make life easy. They do important work.

    91. Re:Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      How are governments and communities going to respond?

      War. Keeps people occupied, and reduces the numbers.

    92. Re:Threshold by slew · · Score: 1

      half the people in the world have an IQ of less than 100

      No. This assumes no one at all has an IQ of 100. 100 is the peak of the bell curve. IQ 100 has the highest number of people, and 95-105 has a large portion of the population, and I defy you to tell the difference between a 95 and a 105 after even knowing the people for several years. Perhaps you meant the mentally retarded? They're as rare as geniuses, and in many cases are given "jobs" that are created as feel good busy work. Welcome to Walmart.

      FWIW, IQ 100 is generally defined as the median so by definition 1/2 of the people are above and 1/2 are below... Each 15-points of IQ correspond to 1 standard deviation.

    93. Re:Threshold by NotInHere · · Score: 1

      Next week friday is prepper's day. The day the nukes will fly.

    94. Re:Threshold by Thud457 · · Score: 2

      Because Republicans can't stand the thought that a Black man receive health care unless it involves giving him a placebo and telling him he's being treated for syphilis.

      --

      the preceding comment is my own and in no way reflects the opinion of the Joint Chiefs of Staff

    95. Re:Threshold by bluefoxlucid · · Score: 1

      All you have to do is look at the history of the ice industry. You'll also notice that there are no seamstresses with wooden looms anymore either.

      We also have 4.7% unemployment in a ridiculous labor force with a high participation rate.

      The purpose of technological innovation is to improve the quality of life of human beings.

      Technical progress is, exclusively, the reduction of labor to reach an end. It took 40 hours before, now it takes 20 hours, costs half as much. Sometimes we invent new things, but why? Why did we create the railroad after the hot blast furnace allowed us to create 86,000 tonnes of iron using the same labor that used to create just 200 tonnes? Why GMOs, fertilizer, irrigation? Why computers, spreadsheets, and accounting software?

      One of the main reasons there is a raging debate about this in terms of what happens to jobs is because some people can't stomach the idea of us having innovative technology to the point that it doesn't require every citizen to participate in the labor force.

      it never has. Our labor force participation rate in 1948 and for decades up to then was measured substantially-close to 58%, with little fluctuation; it ballooned rapidly after the 60s. The peak near-70% participation rate was a bubble spanning decades--it literally spans multiple generations, and now people think that's normal.

      What would a world look like where there is little or no resource scarcity and there is a limited need for labor

      You're living in it.

      90% of US workers were farm laborers in 1790. People hunted and homesteaded. Housewives would do a little knitting and such at home and make a little income that way; largely, they handled the household--repairing and making clothes for everyone in the house, cooking, cleaning, all those things that are hard when you don't have $18 shirts at WalMart and an automated Roomba and dishwasher.

      Our parents and grandparents bitched a lot about work.

      They bitched a hell of a lot.

      The standard work week was 6 days per week, 10-16 hour days, back a century and a half ago. 90 hours was a normal work week. The demand for a 60-hour and then a 40-hour week, for a 12-hour day 6-days (2 hour-long meals) and then for 8 hours, it was incredible. People whined that they had to work so damned much.

      Here you are talking about a world with a limited need for labor--a world where the labor force in 1940 and 1950 was 58% of the adult population, working 8 hour days, leading history from an 1880s and 1900s world where people worked twice that and... cried about how unfair it was.

      I can probably actually engineer an American economic plan that gets us down to 28-32 hour work weeks (3.5-4 days) without reducing the available wealth--in the next decade, no less. You'd think it's great; 40 years from now, someone will be working 3 days a week, 24 hours total, talking about the way we're driven as slaves by greedy employers and overpaid CEOs.

      Why some people don't ever want to get here is beyond me

      They don't want to lose their jobs today for a world that fundamentally can't exist without far-future technology; and, when a world like that exists, we'll stagnate as a species and a culture. Even if we didn't, we'd end up with the worthless and useless masses kept like cattle or pets by the oligarchy of the elite.

      Get the audiobook from Audible for Perfect State. It's performed quite well, and you'll get the idea by the time you finish.

      There are some people that think that it's noble to dig a ditch with a spoon when a free back hoe is available. There is nothing noble about that. It's pure stupidity. We have better uses for our time and energy.

      Yes: digging a million ditches with automated, controlled, maintained backhoes; building floating platform environments for Venus and deep-gro

    96. Re:Threshold by sinij · · Score: 1

      You are also skipping steps in your steam engine conclusions. It was actually governors and spring loaded release valves that solved boiler explosions. Steam boilers explode because of over-pressure, better metallurgy results in boilers that can withstand higher pressure, but it is understanding how to design release/control systems that stopped boiler explosions.

    97. Re:Threshold by fluffernutter · · Score: 1

      All those things only need so many people to do them. Every industry has a market with a supply/demand balance. For argument's sake, say 25% of all jobs become obsolete tomorrow and all these people get let go and must look for work (I am using handyman as an example). Of the 30 million people out of work, some will become handymen. Not only is the supply of handymen increasing, but the demand for handymen will also decrease since 30 million people will not be able to afford renovations on their current home for some time. Sure, things will need to be fixed but I'm sure renovations are a large part of the work. So this will have a double whammy effect on the handyman market. Yes I know using handyman as an example is over simplifying, but unless you can identify a way that these self employed markets will expand in this scenario, or identify an expansion anywhere in the face of decreasing demand and less flowing capital, I believe most are in for a world of hurt.

      --
      Laws are rules for the court, but merely a bottom bar to hit for life. Think beyond laws in your actions always.
    98. Re:Threshold by bluefoxlucid · · Score: 1

      No company has ever passed on the savings out of good will; the pressure mounts over time, and time is vicious.

      As technology has made manufacturing cheaper than even, the price of my Levi's has only grown. As has the price of my car, the price of a drill, and even the price of nails

      These things have all gotten cheaper over the time span you discuss.

      For your 40 hours, your income has grown by 10 times. Meanwhile, these prices have grown by 5. Do you know what that means? A half hour of your labor buys what an hour's work used to buy. That means the price has gone down.

      You're essentially moving from a house 10 miles from your job to a house 5 miles from your job, and then complaining that you now drive 8,000 meters instead of 10 miles, and so it's gotten farther because 8,000 is more than 10.

      So, yeah, a 1940 dollar is smaller than a 1960 dollar; a 2000 dollar is smaller than a 2015 dollar; and something in 2015 which isn't bought for a 2015 price proportionally larger than its 1990 price is cheaper, even if the price tag displays a value numerically-greater.

    99. Re:Threshold by __aaclcg7560 · · Score: 1

      All of them once the automation takes over.

      From my experience in working in Fortune 500 companies, don't hold your breath for ALL OF THEM to get on the same page.

      Sometimes, when planning, it helps to look past the next hour or two.

      I usually plan in three to five year cycles. After 20+ years in technical jobs, I'm moving up the ladder into InfoSec. If any automation is being done, I'm writing the scripts.

    100. Re:Threshold by geek · · Score: 2

      So instead he sits on welfare so that I can work my ass off to provide for him and his 13 kids. In the meantime I have to explain to my wife we can't afford a second child because some lazy fucking refugee won't take his sorry ass to work.

    101. Re:Threshold by HornWumpus · · Score: 1

      You need good metallurgy to make reliable, reproducible springs, needed for pressure relief valves.

      Many early boilers had relief valves, but they ether opened early (and were plugged so work could continue) or not at all.

      Which doesn't even get into the issue of metal fatigue in boilers.

      --
      John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
    102. Re:Threshold by MitchDev · · Score: 1

      You forgot the "real" tech that allow the Star Trek universe to be cashless, replicators

    103. Re:Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Or I can get paid a salary and just show up 20 hours a week, or work from home. We, as humans, need to organize this against corporations.

    104. Re:Threshold by MitchDev · · Score: 1

      If most of the jobs are automated, there are NO jobs even for those who want to work.....

    105. Re: Threshold by cyber-vandal · · Score: 1

      I was mocking his mispelling of voila but whatever floats your boat.

    106. Re:Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      People judge their personal situation by the people near them. It doesn't matter if their lives are better compared to years past or people in 3rd world countries, if everyone else is doing better they are pissed off.

    107. Re: Threshold by zifn4b · · Score: 1

      I was mocking his mispelling of voila but whatever floats your boat.

      Stupid + stupid = ? You do the math.

      --
      We'll make great pets
    108. Re:Threshold by cyn1c77 · · Score: 1

      What is the unemployment threshold going to be?
      When unemployment caused by automation, robotics, etc reaches 10%?
      15%...
      20%..?

      In the coming decades more and more people worldwide will become unemployable, and they will have nothing to do or any way to make a living?

      How are governments and communities going to respond?

      The unemployment threshold will be quite low and people will not really respond at all.

      Haven't you see the Matrix?

    109. Re: Threshold by roman_mir · · Score: 0

      1040588

    110. Re:Threshold by gnick · · Score: 1

      Go watch Star Trek : and see what WE could do when folks don't need money.

      Are you making the assumption that having plentiful resources will negate the need for money? Having enough "stuff" for everyone doesn't mean everyone will have enough "stuff."

      --
      He's getting rather old, but he's a good mouse.
    111. Re:Threshold by lgw · · Score: 1

      What will happen is regular people will live 6 to a home and pick vegatables, mow lawns, clean toilets, and wash dishes.

      Nope. Those are the exact jobs that will be automated away. But people will be personal shoppers, home theater installers, handymen, wedging planners, stylists, anything else where interpersonal interaction is part of the job, but only moderate skill is required.

      --
      Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
    112. Re:Threshold by mlw4428 · · Score: 1

      > These things have all gotten cheaper over the time span you discuss.

      Incorrect. A Big Mac cost 49 cents in 1967. 49 cents in 1967 has the same buying power, today, as $3.54 according to the BLS (prices are all in USD btw). Today's Big Mac costs $3.99. That's roughly a 12% increase in price. This is with inflation already calculated as well. A 1967 Volkswagen beetle, new, cost $1,769 or $12,783.04 in today's dollars. A 2017 Beetle starts off at $19995 or ~56% more expensive than its 1967 counterpart. This is including inflation in the calculation as well. Tell me, how do you account for an increase in inflation adjusted price and still claim that price has decreased? I'm paying more than I'd have paid (in inflation adjusted dollars) than I would've in 1967.

      > For your 40 hours, your income has grown by 10 times.

      From what time period to what time period? According to this chart (http://www.epi.org/files/2013/ib388-figurea.jpg.538) produced by the Economic Policy Insitute, wages haven't not really kept up productivity. And according to this chart (https://www.advisorperspectives.com/images/content_image/data/44/440c34f52d3d1d344a1cca6b755557ae.png) by Advisor Perspectives, when adjusted for inflation, the buying power of middle class (and lower class for that matter) homes has largely been fairly flat. Wage stagnation is a "hot button issue" and it's well documented that people today can buy less with their wages than they could decades ago.

      > So, yeah, a 1940 dollar is smaller than a 1960 dollar; a 2000 dollar is smaller than a 2015 dollar; and something in 2015 which isn't bought for a 2015 price proportionally larger than its 1990 price is cheaper, even if the price tag displays a value numerically-greater.

      I've disproven this in the first part of this reply. Your Big Mac today costs 12% more AFTER inflation is calculated in. And your Volkswagen Beetle? 56% MORE AFTER inflation is calculated.

    113. Re:Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You're missing the point: when automation has eliminated the need for a large number of people's skills: they can either learn new skills that are not obsolete or become unemployable.

      Without attempting to assign blame: an increasingly large number of people are now unemployable. It's up to you to decide who's fault that is, but a blame hypothesis is only useful to the extent that it guides insight on a solution. What we know to be a fact is that if current trends continue without intervention: the inevitable outcome is mass civil unrest.

      Once we acknowledge that this is a problem, we can then proceed to attempt to identify a direction to start changing things. The most important part is to change SOMETHING so that we are not squandering what little time we have for diagnostics and triage on hoping that doing the same thing will result in different outcomes.

      My personal hypothesis is that the liquidity of the labor market represents a social cost/externality where private entities recieve all of the profit, and individual employees are left holding the bag for their retraining/reeducation expenses and the significant burden(lost profit) of insulating themselves from market volatility with a war chest of assets/savings(which are at their most worthless when they need that safety net the most due to herd-instinct/bandwagon fallacy/copycat behavior in investment decisions).

      Rather than turning every barista and taxi driver into an independent contractor, reducing the 40 hour week to 30 would be a good start. Similarly: migrating away from social security taxes/employee taxes to a capital gains based taxation model would probably go a long way towards addressing some of these issues.

    114. Re:Threshold by slacktide · · Score: 2

      When the dust settles 50 years from now we all will be rich. Africa will be the last challenge. Everyone will be better off

      When it gets down to it — talking trade balances here — once we’ve brain-drained all our technology into other countries, once things have evened out, they’re making cars in Bolivia and microwave ovens in Tadzhikistan and selling them here — once our edge in natural resources has been made irrelevant by giant Hong Kong ships and dirigibles that can ship North Dakota all the way to New Zealand for a nickel — once the Invisible Hand has taken away all those historical inequities and smeared them out into a broad global layer of what a Pakistani brickmaker would consider to be prosperity — y’know what? There’s only four things we do better than anyone else:

      Music
      Movies
      Microcode
      High-Speed Pizza Delivery

      Plagarized from Neal Stephenson.

    115. Re:Threshold by wyHunter · · Score: 3, Informative

      Funny, it was a Democrat admin in power when the Tuskeegee experiment happened.

    116. Re:Threshold by DerekLyons · · Score: 0

      There will always be a need for manual labor

      In the fantasy world of the wingnut maybe. Here in reality, just over the course of my lifetime, the need for manual labor has dropped dramatically. When I was a kid, ditch digging was a widely available last resort job. Now two guys with a small backhoe accomplish the job. In construction, a guy with a nailgun can outperform four guys with hammers. Someone with a power saw can outperform ten guys with handsaws. (Etc... etc...)
       
      When will the wingnuts grasp that the world has changed? When will they grasp that it no longer resembles in any significant way their fantasy of what the world 'used to be like'?

    117. Re:Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Stupid comes in a lot of different forms, but show me an InfoSec worker that scores under 100 IQ.

      I've met stupid people in all those jobs who shouldn't have been working in the first place.

      And unless we truly live in a dytopian hellscape, they'll soon not be working in those jobs or those business will soon go bust.

    118. Re:Threshold by DarkOx · · Score: 1

      Trade school can be a good thing. There are a lot of people who are plenty capable and interested that can for whatever reason not manage to learn to learn on their own. They simply need to be lead. There is an even larger number of people who are interested in something but simply could not invest in the technology and equipment need to learn on their own. Trade schools are a good match for both groups and there is a lot of overlap between both groups as well.

      I am not saying there isn't value in a liberal arts degree and that some people don't need them to do what they do. Most people can't put food on the table using their ability to critique of renaissance art however or with their knowledge of western history.

      What everyone really does need is a solid foundation in reading, physical science, and basic maths (like up thru calculus), a solid grasp of chemistry and physics won't hurt but might be more disposable. We *should* be getting these things from our secondary education system. The trouble is many people are not, and rather than addressing the question why can leave high school without being able to apply algebra, they want to teach everyone python! That is a problem. Its been a problem too for decades now colleges have been simply reducing their exceptions for freshmen and adding remedial classes to compensate. The real reason nobody can get a job without a college degree now is: I really don't know that you have the skills to make a proper cup of coffee if you have only a high school diploma.

      --
      Repeal the 17th Amendment TODAY! Also Please Read http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/right-to-read.html
    119. Re:Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Everyone is not creative. Everyone can't write, and most can't well enough that anyone would want to read it. Many can't sing, or draw, or express themselves beyond the level of a 3rd grader.

      Does our current "fiat currency" "crash every other year b/c of market greed?" Yes, there are ups and downs in the market, but I wouldn't call it a crash.

      And while I agree there needs to be a social safety net, people need to deal with change. This isn't a US problem. It isn't even necessarily a problem. All that said, automation isn't free. You can automate lots of jobs, but it may cost more to automate than it costs to pay someone to do it. Flipping burgers can easily be automated, but currently its cheaper and easier to train a 16yo to do it. They can also make fries, take out the trash, clean tables, and do other tasks. All that can be automated as well, but not cost effectively. Now, if we ever get iRobot humanoid style robots for under $100k, that will be extremely disruptive. That's likely at least a generation or more away though.

      This is the funniest shit I've read today. You can't seem to see outside of your box of how the world works. iRobot humanoid style robots are the least concerning of all automation. Humans, generally speaking, are capable of doing a lot of things very mediocre and a small percentage can do a couple of things extremely well. We're not ever efficient creatures when it comes to pure work output. The robots that are going to put half the world out of work in the next 20 years or so are extremely specialized. They do a couple of things very, very well and basically can't do anything else. These aren't some distant future. They aren't even expensive. They're easier to work with than people. They don't get sick. They don't decide they aren't being paid enough to flip a burger. They don't need a "living wage". Sure, in the beginning robots will replace jobs in the existing infrastructure but that's just a minor bump on the timeline of progress. Fast food places will be completely rebuilt so they CAN'T be operated by a human. Every part specialized for exactly what it needs to do. People won't just be unnecessary or more expensive, they will be unusable.

      What's happening is a very simple equation that a large part of the world is still in denial about. Ironically, the people in denial are the people who's live it's going to destroy. People are demanding more and more money for "living wages" to do work that doesn't warrant this while others are producing better and cheaper automation everyday. We're starting to move back to a caste system essentially defined by intelligence and ingenuity. Are you smart enough to design and service the machines to do mundane work or not? If so, you'll have a job, food, security and relatively luxury. If not, you're going to die, either from starvation or from being put down so you don't organize and revolt. Or we could agree to talk care of each other since there is plenty to go around but for whatever reason the working class doesn't want that. There are millions of people fighting tooth and nail to ensure in the next 25 years (which is a generation) they'll have no job, no money, no prospects and no value.

    120. Re:Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Previous work suggests that the wheels start to come off the economy and social situation when the unemployment rate reaches ~12%.

      Obviously it's not a step function, and its dependent on how the economy/taxation system functions - but it's somewhere around that level.

      By the time you reach 20% you had better have the riot police on the streets.

    121. Re:Threshold by iamgnat · · Score: 1

      There will always be a need for manual labor,

      Really? Seems to me like that will be the first thing to go, or indeed has already gone in many cases.

      Lower skilled labor goes, but every time there is automation to remove a simple task the bar of "simple" gets raised as there is always more to do that we don't have the ability to automate.

      They said Ford's assembly line was going to be the death of factory workers, but it proved not to be. They said robots on the assembly lines would be the death of the factory workers, but they haven't been. The backhoe and Ditch Witch didn't remove the need to have "ditch diggers". In all cases the human work changed, but humans were still needed. The workers that wanted to stay employed acquired the new skills that were needed.

      It's up to the displaced to learn the new skills to fill the new role or some other existing role. I have no problem providing assistance to those that are willing to make the transitions while they are going through the change. It's those that stand by and complain without doing anything that I have no sympathy for.

      I don't count myself as something special or irreplaceable. I know very well that I could be replaced at anytime by someone that can do it for less (H1B, off shoring, etc..). But rather than bitch about how life is "unfair" I instead bust my ass to keep my skills up to date so that I can continue to make a living.

      At the end of the day we are the only ones responsible for making sure we have a job. If someone isn't willing to do what's needed to be employable, it's no one's fault besides their own.

    122. Re:Threshold by myowntrueself · · Score: 1

      It's not people who refuse so much as who can't; and that doesn't mean automation will wipe all jobs away, either, regardless of what the doomsday predictors who fear the pneumatic air gun and wooden shipping pallet say.

      Not sure about the air gun reference...

      But shipping pallets were revolutionary. A box car loaded with goods the 'old fashioned way' in their individual boxes and crates took a team of people 3 days to unload. Shipping pallets took that down to under 8 hours.

      I'd guess a whole load of people lost their jobs.

      --
      In the free world the media isn't government run; the government is media run.
    123. Re:Threshold by HornWumpus · · Score: 1

      Your IQ is about 115. People don't like to recognize that others are smarter than them.

      Not meant as a burn, just an explanation for what you are observing.

      --
      John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
    124. Re:Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Truth. All truth. But not all the truth

      jobs were all disappearing! It was the end??! Or was it?

      YES, it was definitely the end of a lot of jobs and the livilyhoods of a hell of a lot of people. The owners got the crown to get the army to go shoot at all those rioting Luddites who were previously gainfully employed guilders turned unemployed bums too old to stick in a factory next to the street urchins.

      Soul-crushing 50% unemployment for three generations waiting for the has-beens to die out and the kids to get used to their poverty.

      When the dust settles 50 years from now we all will be rich.

      In 50 years, I'll be dust, and my children will be old men. Half a year is a recession. The Great Depression was decade some. FIFTY years? That's past even becoming the new normal. That's a lifetime.

      I absolutely agree that technological improvement is a good thing. But hearkening back to the 19th century and the Industrial revolution is about the worst-case scenario. Dear god, let's try to do better than that.

    125. Re:Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      As an educated, skilled worker in a growing and stable industry I'm excited for the future. I was willing to work towards a safety net but the past couple of years have demonstrated people are too stupid to live. I'm now doing everything I can to improve automation and eliminate jobs. The next few decades are going to be a culling of the idiots. So what if a few hundred million die, we'll be better for it in the end.

    126. Re:Threshold by HornWumpus · · Score: 1

      Underestimating price increases.

      The old big mac was bigger.

      The old beetle is still better.

      --
      John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
    127. Re:Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Normally I'd beat that drum and rally the troops right along-side you... But this problem is bigger than our local backyard. If China or Germany has workers who put in 40-60 hours a week while we have to support the same group of people that only put in 20, then we're going to find ourselves undercut and out of a job. Who buys the retardedly expensive version of lesser quality?

    128. Re:Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      FWIW, IQ 100 is generally defined as the median so by definition 1/2 of the people are above and 1/2 are below

      No. Unless no people are allowed to be assigned IQ 100, then it is impossible for half to be above and half to be below. Some have to be on the line exactly.

    129. Re:Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Or, maybe we could all just work fewer hours per week. Which would leave more time for, you know, living.

      I heard a story from a friend who works with refugees. One family, he found a good job for the father, got them settled, etc. After a few weeks the father had stopped going to work. My friend asked the father what had happened, was there a problem with the work? Was it too difficult to get to work? Did they not like you?
      No, he said, it was none of these things. He stopped going to work because he realized his children were growing up without him and it was his responsibility to be home to take care of the family. Once that was accomplished, then he would go to work. This then, of course, led to conversations about having to pay for things you need for life and so on, but I think there is a grain of truth here.

        Life != work and there would be plenty of great living to do outside of work.

      Just to be clear, your story is about a family that couldn't make it on their own, were helped by those that could, given a job, shelter and a certain level of security and then decided to just stop working because he wanted to spend more time with his family, which actually means he wanted more leisure time. Basically he decide to let someone else take care of him and his family. And you're using this as a positive example? Was there ever a question that there are other good or fun things to do outside of work and that working less is generally better? Water is also wet, since you seem to have a hard time with the obvious. I'm not going to put it in a story for you, though.

    130. Re:Threshold by __aaclcg7560 · · Score: 1

      Stupid comes in a lot of different forms, but show me an InfoSec worker that scores under 100 IQ.

      A 100 IQ is average intelligence. It's possible to have InfoSec workers that are brilliant or dumb.

      And unless we truly live in a dytopian hellscape, they'll soon not be working in those jobs or those business will soon go bust.

      Then you aren't familiar with corporate dysfunction. I had a Cisco manger who told me that he could train me but I would take my training, get certified and worked for a competitor. Therefore, it wasn't worth his time to train me. Never mind that many employees were training themselves, getting certified and working for competitors. That was in 2013. Last time I checked, Cisco was still in business.

    131. Re:Threshold by luis_a_espinal · · Score: 1

      Funny, it was a Democrat admin in power when the Tuskeegee experiment happened.

      And that was before the great Southern Democrat migration towards the GOP, courtesy of Nixon's Southern Strategy. No matter how much revisionist bullshit gets slapped to it, the political poles completely reversed with the civil rights act.

    132. Re:Threshold by __aaclcg7560 · · Score: 1

      The machinists can get jobs correcting people who don't know what 'decimate' means.

      Don't forget adding fractions and making change.

    133. Re: Threshold by painandgreed · · Score: 1

      Kill the poor, duh.

      But seriously, countries will clamp down on immigration and corral/deport their poor until they all die off.

      Ya right. Those are the people doing most the jobs that can't be automated, otherwise, they'd already would have been. Get rid of them and born and bred Americans won't stand for being cheap labor and you'll find that they will start crying for a socialist state. Look at the Trump supporters crying for government hand outs in the form of well paying jobs for unskilled workers in remote parts of the US.

    134. Re:Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Everything you said is true, but you forgot that an increase in the supply of handimen will reduce the cost of handimen, which would make handimen affordable for more people. Meanwhile the overall cost of goods would decrease as a result of the automation, so not only would that cancel out some of the decrease in handiman wages, but it would also further make more people able to afford handimen since the cost of all their other goods and services would decrease.

    135. Re:Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Between 1870 and 1950, there were major advances in physical sciences that led to entire new fields of enterprise. Where are the similar advances today?

    136. Re:Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I recall watching the construction of a house across the street from where my parents lived in Mexico. Everything was done manually: the workers started by digging a hole with shovels, poured the foundation, and built the house. All by hand. We reflected that the construction company chose to not use any machinery because it was a lot cheaper to hire a bunch of guys at ~50 pesos a day than it was to power and maintain equipment.

      I speculated at the time that a more egalitarian society spurs innovation, but I guess it goes the other way as well.

    137. Re:Threshold by ranton · · Score: 1

      Your IQ is about 115. People don't like to recognize that others are smarter than them.

      Not meant as a burn, just an explanation for what you are observing.

      Very little of what I wrote came from my own observations, but from research and other literature I have read. I have no idea what my IQ is, so your assumptions have no bearing on this discussion.

      --
      -- All that is necessary for the triumph of evil is that good men do nothing. -- Edmund Burke
    138. Re:Threshold by jader3rd · · Score: 1

      Why is it the government's or society's responsibility to support those that refuse to support themselves?

      What happens when everyone with capitol has no desire to hire any humans because they have AI that always meets their requests? No one will be employed.

    139. Re:Threshold by sjames · · Score: 1

      The only thing that rips through the latest fashions and trends faster than corporate management is the clothing industry. Downsizing, outsourcing, just in time, corporate raiders. All went from 0-60 in under 5 years.

      3-5 years is nowhere near long enough for a society. It will take 3-5 years just to implement whatever plan comes along. I guess you'll start planning for retirement when you hit 62 or so?

    140. Re: Threshold by CRCulver · · Score: 1

      The civil unrest it causes could make it impractical to automate to that level.

      That's what I thought when I visited South Africa, where almost every single establishment has more people working in it than are really needed; one just has to overemploy to maintain social harmony in the presence of a very high unemployment rate. I've grown used to self-service checkouts at supermarkets in my corner of Europe, but in SA I figured that if a supermarket tried to implement them, there'd be rioting and destruction.

    141. Re:Threshold by zlives · · Score: 1

      did some one also say no money? i didn't see that mentioned.

    142. Re:Threshold by zlives · · Score: 2

      the Frengi Lobby wholeheartedly supports your efforts

    143. Re: Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      We've got afro-Americans and they replicate like rabbits. Maybe we should find some way to get them to work for free... then we can enjoy a cashless society.

    144. Re:Threshold by SirSlud · · Score: 1

      The only problem with your worldview is that it's so blatantly demonstrably untrue in the absolute terms you put it in. But it sounds like you need it to sleep at night.

      --
      "Old man yells at systemd"
    145. Re: Threshold by backslashdot · · Score: 1

      I am a big proponent of Universal Basic Income. But the more I think about it, the more likely it is that automation will actually create more jobs than deplete them --especially for the educated. Humans have yet to colonize the planets and space. If manual labor is automated, we can focus more on building better homes, better architecture, colonizing space, educating ourselves in the sciences and in philosophy. There WILL be jobs in all these areas. There is no technology that depleted jobs. The calculator didn't deplete accountant or mathematician jobs. AutoCAD didn't make the engineer obsolete. The backhoe didn't eliminate the ditch digger's job. It helped us build more roads. You still need someone to decide how wide the road should be, you still needed someone to drive the backhoe. If the backhoe is automated we will be able to build roads and canals in the deserts of the would. We could build solar or nuclear powered desalination plants. We could irrigate the Sahara desert. We could build housing, schools, nursing homes, hospitals. You are telling me that wouldn't create jobs? We still have millennia ahead of us in terms of what we can do just in the solar system. The only danger is that willfully uneducated people -- people with no desire to investigate and learn anything will get in power.

      I do fear the rise of the willfully uneducated masses whose selfish emotion biased opinions will rule. I hope I am wrong about the educated population depleting, and maybe all humans will be motivated to participate in learning.

    146. Re:Threshold by __aaclcg7560 · · Score: 1

      I guess you'll start planning for retirement when you hit 62 or so?

      I'm planning to retire when I'm 77 and drop dead when I'm 120 (I'm 47 now). Not everything I plan for can fit in three to five year cycles.

    147. Re: Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      They're happening, but Obama kept them from being released. Wait until the inauguration and Trump will open the floodgates of new tech that the corrupt Democrats were suppressing to support their union backers.

    148. Re:Threshold by lgw · · Score: 1

      Doesn't change the fact it was Democrats - the party that still had "former" KKK members in office last. The party that still supports a variety of programs created after the Civil War to deal with the "problem" of free black men, from gun control to Planned Parenthood.

      --
      Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
    149. Re:Threshold by lgw · · Score: 1

      Think of it as the Turning test. We can distinguish between degrees of intelligence less than our own, but not between degrees of intelligence greater then our own. Most people can't tell the difference between someone with a 115 and 135 IQ, but most people with an IQ over 140 can.

      Not sure what that says about the researchers.

      --
      Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
    150. Re:Threshold by rtb61 · · Score: 1

      Make huge investments in superior infrastructure, including space infrastructure to gain access to the stars. Why not have the best possible infrastructure, the labour is there use it and pay them fair wages. Where's the problem, I know where the problem is, psychopathic greed demanding only their ego and lusts be served and the majority are just tools to be used and thrown away when broken.

      --
      Chaos - everything, everywhere, everywhen
    151. Re: Threshold by Hognoxious · · Score: 1

      I spent a month working there. There was a lady in the office who used to walk around collecting coffee mugs, taking them to the kitchen, and washing them.

      To be fair it's not exactly a demanding task, but she was pretty diligent about it.

      --
      Confucius say, "Find worm in apple - bad. Find half a worm - worse."
    152. Re:Threshold by lgw · · Score: 1

      There will still always be a need for manual labor. What you're describing (between pointless insults?) is the dwindling need for unskilled manual labor. That guy with a nailgun or power saw is still doing manual labor, as are plumbers, electricians, and so on.

      --
      Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
    153. Re:Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You get it

    154. Re:Threshold by lgw · · Score: 1

      Demand for personal services increases as cost of basic goods declines. The need for such workers will only continue to increase with automation.

      Plus there's a whole category of jobs that can be summarized as "help people have higher social status", from beautician to decorator to wedding planner. Those jobs will boom as automation makes cheaper everything below "social status" on the hierarchy of needs.

      --
      Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
    155. Re:Threshold by sjames · · Score: 1

      That's pretty unrealistic, I'm afraid. No wonder you want to take the "what, me worry?" approach to society and the economy.

    156. Re:Threshold by hodet · · Score: 1

      And there is the rub with this romanticized idea of technology taking care of all of our needs, allowing us to have reduced work weeks and early retirement. They did not factor human greed into the equation. The question is how bad will it get.

    157. Re:Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      What happens if you cannot make a living?

      Death.

    158. Re: Threshold by fluffernutter · · Score: 1

      How do you figure cost of basic goods is going to decline? Cost savings due to technological advances hasn't been passed onto the consumer ever.

      --
      Laws are rules for the court, but merely a bottom bar to hit for life. Think beyond laws in your actions always.
    159. Re:Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      >Or was it? It turns out without the industrial revolution we wouldn't have a modern lifestyle today.

      And how many generations of abject poverty did it take to reach modern society? Everyone points to the industrial revolution but what they don't realize is that those people who lost their jobs did not ever recover; their children or grandchildren did.

      I'd prefer to take the next step without sacrificing an entire generation to do it. That somehow makes me a luddite.

    160. Re: Threshold by nehumanuscrede · · Score: 1

      What is the unemployment threshold going to be?
      When unemployment caused by automation, robotics, etc reaches 10%?
      15%...
      20%..?

      * * * * *

      I suppose it depends on which metric we will be using.

      The true one which includes everone out of work, or the published one which conveniently leaves out those who have exhausted their unemployment benefits and are no longer a variable in those calculations.

    161. Re:Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "None are more perverse than the joy a middle manager feels wasting your time, when you already way behind schedule and working extra hours." he said on Slashdot.

    162. Re: Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Ooh, the contextless blame game! Let me play:

      White Republicans like Lincoln and Sherman literally burned cities in southern states to the ground. They murdered hundreds of thousands of American soldiers from the southern states. I don't see how any decent christian or even anyone who supports the troops could vote for a Republican.

    163. Re:Threshold by ranton · · Score: 1

      Think of it as the Turning test. We can distinguish between degrees of intelligence less than our own, but not between degrees of intelligence greater then our own. Most people can't tell the difference between someone with a 115 and 135 IQ, but most people with an IQ over 140 can.

      Not sure what that says about the researchers.

      I'm not sure if that is true either. I would say it's harder to tell the difference between anyone with intelligence far away from your own. It may be just as hard for someone with a 140 IQ to tell the difference between 90 and 100 as it is for someone with a 100 IQ to tell the difference between 140 and 150. That is without using research to assist in your analysis, which someone with a 140 IQ is probably more likely to use since he will be more aware of his own biases and lack of a frame of reference.

      --
      -- All that is necessary for the triumph of evil is that good men do nothing. -- Edmund Burke
    164. Re: Threshold by zifn4b · · Score: 1

      1040588

      Ooooh... well my whole sense of self worth has been decimated. Well done! You are the supreme intellectual of the universe. We should all aspire to your epic greatness! Oh benevolent great one, please bestow upon us lowly people a nugget of your wisdom.

      --
      We'll make great pets
    165. Re: Threshold by lgw · · Score: 2

      How do you figure cost of basic goods is going to decline? Cost savings due to technological advances hasn't been passed onto the consumer ever.

      Cynicism is not knowledge.

      Food used to cost most of the household budget. Shoes and furniture used to cost so much that only the head of household had shoes and a chair. Most people couldn't afford flatware, or glass windows. The list goes on and on.

      In the 50s, the American dream was to eventually earn enough to own a washing machine, a refrigerator, and a television.

      Cost savings due to technological advances are always passed on to the consumer, eventually. Margins only get smaller over time until something is entirely commoditized.

      --
      Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
    166. Re:Threshold by lgw · · Score: 1

      But that's just it, isn't it? Someone with a 140 IQ and some basic methodology can learn to distinguish between people at various levels below his own, with a little practice. Happens a lot in job interviews. Someone with a 100 IQ would be hard pressed, probably incapable, of distinguishing between people of 140 vs 150 IQ, short of elaborate scientific study with effectively random questions. (Fun fact, most IQ tests top out at ~140, but have poor repeatability above 130).

      --
      Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
    167. Re:Threshold by zifn4b · · Score: 1

      What would a world look like where there is little or no resource scarcity and there is a limited need for labor

      You're living in it.

      I call bullshit. You don't consider money a resource? It's a resource that is converted into other resources. Conquering resource scarcity means that we all have access to more than we could ever need without having to exchange anything for it. Think Star Trek. We are working are way to that but it is certainly not what we have now.

      --
      We'll make great pets
    168. Re:Threshold by HornWumpus · · Score: 1

      Long in my rearview, I can smell that kind of place now and won't touch them for any price.

      --
      John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
    169. Re:Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      wedging planners

      Typo, or on purpose?

    170. Re: Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I guess that makes Democrats the states' rights party, too. All we have to do is ignore a few decades and a total shift in party demographics!

    171. Re:Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Naww really? Dickhead who automates shit pisses on the arguments of people warning against the future dangers to society of ubiquitous automation. That's rich bro.

    172. Re:Threshold by Billly+Gates · · Score: 1

      The problem is the untold suffering that happens for 30 of those 50 years. That's what a safety net is for.

      We got the New Deal because the socialists were gaining support rapidly. It was New Deal or a Socialist revolution.

      There will need to be another New Deal or there will be a revolution well before that 50 year mark.

      The people calling for a safety net and other changes are basically asking "Couldn't we try learning from history this time around?".

      I used to be more liberal and appalled studying history on this. However, economist Milton Friedman was asked this question and you can youtube it in "Free to choose here.

      Average incomes WENT UP during the industrial revolution.

      The middle class was created. Sure there were crafters who were lower middle class that got hit. But conditions in famine strict Ireland, Poland, Italy, and Eastern Europe on farms WERE DEPLORABLE. Likewise poor farmers in China today are willing to work 16 hours a day for several months at a time and take money home to get ahead. Yes, it is a depressing life for us outsiders. But overall, the industrial revolution created wealth and increased the standards of living of many poor folks.

      Pre industrial revolution you were upper class who owned land or a peasant starving. The middle was quite tiny.

    173. Re:Threshold by sjames · · Score: 1

      Yes, in the end the industrial revolution lifted all boats. The problem was that portion of it where it swamped as many boats as it lifted. That the next generation will be OK is little comfort to those in the midst of suffering.

      If you were in howling pain in the ER and the doc said it'll quit hurting in a week or two, so no pain medication for you, how might you feel about that? No local from the dentist because he only needs to drill for a few minutes?

    174. Re:Threshold by fredgiblet · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Because that requires the people at the top to want to help the people at the bottom.

    175. Re:Threshold by Hognoxious · · Score: 2

      As trade and technical progress increase the purchasing power of our same amount of labor

      They don't, or not by much. Most of the benefits are creamed off as higher profits.

      --
      Confucius say, "Find worm in apple - bad. Find half a worm - worse."
    176. Re: Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Look, can't we just agree on that your country is severely fucked up?

    177. Re:Threshold by cheesybagel · · Score: 1

      Basically like the Spacers in Asimov's series.

    178. Re:Threshold by Blaskowicz · · Score: 1

      How can such a society survive? It would take one single murderous or suicidal person to end all life on Earth, or do a genocide/democide/ecocide. Just make a "warp core" overheat, or clone a thousand nukes and teleport them.

    179. Re:Threshold by Baki · · Score: 1

      Automation can free humanity from having to work for basic needs such as food, clothing and housing.

      The question, however, is how the benefits of automation will be distributed.
      If the "owners" don't want to share, we'll have a dystopian future.
      They can produce so cheap, but noone will buy what they produce.
      The "1%" could make life miserable for the rest of us, use a robotized force to keep us under the thumb and bathe in luxury and wellbeing themselves.
      Sooner or later infighting will come and the 1% will also destroy themselves (helped by the robots used for crowd control).

      If we as humans can find a mechanism to share the benefits, we could have a good future.
      We'll have to do with current ideologies and economic systems, and invent something new.

    180. Re:Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      This automation issue is going to be a problem, but what about all of the horse-drawn carriage makers who are STILL out of work due to the invention of the automobile over a century ago?

    181. Re:Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I'm a prepper
      he's a prepper
      she's a prepper
      we're a prepper

      Wouldn't you like to be a prepper too?

    182. Re:Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Cool, the refugee can just get on taxpayer funded welfare so he can spend time with his children and I can twice the work in order to pay the taxes and subsidize him. Sounds good.

    183. Re:Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      There's no shortage of money. In fact, a great number of our problems come from the fact that fiat money is easy to supply.

      As for limited need for labor, our economy is hugely wasteful - we overproduce because people have a profit motive and so markets must keep expanding. Unlimited growth is a myth. Most of the white-collar jobs in the US involve pushing paper around (or rather, information/bits) instead of actual productive work.

      The amount of work needed to just sustain ourselves is a fraction of the "work" performed in our present economy, but we call it "productivity" when we rape the third world to build our yachts.

    184. Re: Threshold by fluffernutter · · Score: 1

      You're talking about new inventions, which misses the point. Any technology will experience a cost decrease in its beginning but then it levels out. I'm sure before the Ford Model-T came out cars were considered a luxury item for the wealthy, but people were also doing fine without cars. Yet the Chevy Malibu of 1970 when adjusted for inflation was cheaper than a Chevy Malibu of today. There will be no point in time where a new vehicle costs $2000, it just won't happen. There is no connection to the price point of a product and the cost to make it, what matters only is demand. When households spent most of their money on food and there were no washing machines and dishwashers, most were also single earner families so it is also not an accurate comparison. Sure, technology gets better at the same price point but once the inefficiencies of a new innovation are worked out the price levels off.

      --
      Laws are rules for the court, but merely a bottom bar to hit for life. Think beyond laws in your actions always.
    185. Re:Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Wow, how old are you?
      Come to think of it, how old am I that I remember that? :-)

    186. Re: Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      There used to be a wsy to get them to work free. Then a man called Abe Lincoln came along and rained on the Dixieland parade.

    187. Re: Threshold by lgw · · Score: 1

      You're talking about new inventions, which misses the point. Any technology will experience a cost decrease in its beginning but then it levels out. I'm sure before the Ford Model-T came out cars were considered a luxury item for the wealthy, but people were also doing fine without cars. Yet the Chevy Malibu of 1970 when adjusted for inflation was cheaper than a Chevy Malibu of today. There will be no point in time where a new vehicle costs $2000, it just won't happen.

      Below a certain price point, people want more features instead of a cheaper product. The Chevy Malibu is not the same product it was in the 70s - it's barely comparable. In terms of safety, reliability, performance, and fuel economy, the modern version (which is pretty bad across the board by today's standards) blows away the 70s version. There's both called the same name, but they aren't equivalent.

      There is no connection to the price point of a product and the cost to make it, what matters only is demand.

      And, you know, supply. That's why the price levels off at some point: stuff becomes fully commoditized, margins fall to where there's little point in new manufacturers getting involved. But even then, over decades, things change. Washing machines, TVs, and refrigerators are much better product now feature-wise that 60 years ago, even if they don't last as long. (And I don't know what fancy rich enclave you grew up in, but where I grew up most households were single-mother-income, and still TV and fridge were taken for granted).

      --
      Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
    188. Re: Threshold by fluffernutter · · Score: 1

      The Chevy Malibu is not the same product it was in the 70s

      But since I don't have the choice to buy a brand new basic car of the 70's for $5000 today, the fact that it is a different car is beside the point. The fact is, cars have become even more necessary today, thus they cost more.

      --
      Laws are rules for the court, but merely a bottom bar to hit for life. Think beyond laws in your actions always.
    189. Re: Threshold by lgw · · Score: 1

      You're arguing causation from correlation. Stop that. Car cost more because of a tall stack of regulations about safety and emissions. They cost more because we collectively decided it was better that they should cost more. And you can certainly buy a decent used car for $5000 today (and even more so an inflation-adjusted $5000), and that Honda Civic will outperform the 70s Malibu in every way.

      --
      Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
    190. Re:Threshold by zifn4b · · Score: 1

      There's no shortage of money. In fact, a great number of our problems come from the fact that fiat money is easy to supply.

      Then why doesn't everyone have as much of it as they want without labor? I think what you're quibbling about is whether the scarcity is artificial or "natural", whatever that means. The fact is from the perspective of most citizens of the world, it is a scarce resource because they don't have it and it is needed to trade for other resources. In my mind, that's no different than saying City Foo has enough bananas to feed the entire world but doesn't allow anyone else to have them. Therefore, from the perspective of anyone who isn't privileged to live in City Foo, bananas are scarce. See what I'm saying? Some of you people are incredibly myopic.

      --
      We'll make great pets
    191. Re: Threshold by fluffernutter · · Score: 1

      But if you buy a used car, then you have the problems of a used car. Not at all the same as buying a new car.

      --
      Laws are rules for the court, but merely a bottom bar to hit for life. Think beyond laws in your actions always.
    192. Re:Threshold by __aaclcg7560 · · Score: 1

      That's pretty unrealistic, I'm afraid.

      That most people are living 30, 40 or 50 years in retirement isn't unrealistic with today's medical advancements. The retirement age was set in the 1930's when the average American retired at 60 and dropped dead at 65. When my father drew retirement benefits at 59.5-years-old, he expected to be dead by 60 because all his older brothers dropped dead at 60. He continued working until he dropped dead at 75. Running out of money in retirement is going to be the number one problem for future retirees.

      No wonder you want to take the "what, me worry?" approach to society and the economy.

      That's because I plan out things ahead of time. If you don't plan ahead, you're planning for failure.

    193. Re:Threshold by sjames · · Score: 1

      I'm referring to thinking you'll make it to 120. You'll also be somewhat exceptional if you're still employed at 77. The mandatory retirement age (and the de-facto retirement age) hasn't been going up as fast as lifespans.

    194. Re:Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      It's simple: Kill them. Why keep useless leeches around anyways?

    195. Re:Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      There is a simple solution to this: kill them. Dead people can't take up resources, pollute, engage in crime, or revolt. Indeed, it's so lucrative an idea that it's hard to imagine the elite not doing it. If you don't want to die once your skills are automated away then you will need to either prepare enough capital to be self-sustaining and/or join a resistance group that keeps tabs on potential threats from the elite. The war will be decided before it starts so preparation is key.

    196. Re:Threshold by __aaclcg7560 · · Score: 1

      I'm referring to thinking you'll make it to 120.

      Let's say I retire at 70 and live another 50 years in retirement, I'll be 120. With today's medical advancement, I can't rule out the possibility of living a long life. I don't smoke or drink. It would be foolish not to plan to live that long. If die before then, my heirs — the few that I haven't outlived yet — will be very rich.

      You'll also be somewhat exceptional if you're still employed at 77.

      If you're self-employed, no one is going to fire you.

      The mandatory retirement age (and the de-facto retirement age) hasn't been going up as fast as lifespans.

      When Social Security started in the 1930's, there were 19 workers paying into the system for every retiree. Social Security in 2030 will have two workers paying into the system for every retiree. Without drastic changes like hiking the retirement age to, say, 77, Social Security will go broke with the Baby Boom generation. As GenXer I'm not planning for Social Security to be around when I retire.

    197. Re:Threshold by sjames · · Score: 1

      If you're self employed, one day your body may decide you will slack off or else.

      Agreed, the retirement age may need to rise, but someone better tell that to employers as well. You may be 60 with 20 more good years in you but it doesn't matter if HR starts round filing resumes at 49.

    198. Re: Threshold by cyber-vandal · · Score: 1

      zifn4b

    199. Re:Threshold by __aaclcg7560 · · Score: 1

      Agreed, the retirement age may need to rise, but someone better tell that to employers as well. You may be 60 with 20 more good years in you but it doesn't matter if HR starts round filing resumes at 49.

      I currently work in government IT. Some of my coworkers are in their 60's and 70's. Until Microsoft renders them obsolete (a good possibility with the new 2016 server platform), they're not planning on retiring. Most work from home. One of them is still working despite the weekly chemo treatments.

    200. Re:Threshold by sjames · · Score: 1

      Yes, there is government, but try that in the private sector. I doubt there are enough government jobs open. All the same, it's fine for you personally now and until someone decides to downsize the government.

    201. Re:Threshold by __aaclcg7560 · · Score: 1

      Yes, there is government, but try that in the private sector.

      The US is aging rapidly. Healthcare will become the number one industry by 2030. The IT industry is expected to have 1.5M+ openings that it can't fill with U.S. or foreign workers. This shortage was predicted in a 2001 study and I went back to school after the dot com bust to get into IT. Everyone told me I was nuts back then. I'm looking forward to making serious bucks in the next 30 years.

      All the same, it's fine for you personally now and until someone decides to downsize the government.

      My coworkers and I aren't worried about the Trump administration downsizing the government. Republican presidential candidates always talk about eliminating the departments of Labor, Interior and Opps (Energy), but no Republican president has ever bothered and they typically increase the federal payroll despite the small government rhetoric.

    202. Re:Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Also, it never addressed the supposed post-scarcity elephant in the room. Two people want that same room in San Francisco...? Oh nevermind that... everyone just gets along.

    203. Re:Threshold by angel'o'sphere · · Score: 1

      But it took advances in metallurgy to make the engines practical.
      Not really. The ancient greeks simply had no idea what to do with them, so the most famous known use are for magically opening temple portals.

      --
      Cost free eBook I read (by iBook/Kobo/Amazon/ObookO/Gutenberg etc.): "The Green Odyssey" by Philip Jose Farmer.
    204. Re:Threshold by michael_wojcik · · Score: 1

      The sophomoric, naive, cliched argument-from-history I expect. Seeing it modded up to 4 is disappointing, though. This same banal bullshit (here liberally sprinkled with misspellings and typographical errors, for additional flavor) is trotted out for every article about workplace automation. To whom is it still "interesting"? Rip van Winkle?

    205. Re:Threshold by michael_wojcik · · Score: 1

      Or, maybe we could all just work fewer hours per week. Which would leave more time for, you know, living.

      And it's cliche argument number two!

      Some people actually enjoy working. Some of us find what we do interesting and self-actualizing. The work / life dichotomy is a false one; working is part of living. Yes, for many -- indeed most -- people work may well be dull, repetitive, unrewarding, dangerous, and so forth, but that is a consequence of specific kinds of work, not some essential property of labor.

      There are many ways I like to spend my waking hours, and as it happens, most of them involve producing something. I'll work when I want to work, thanks.

    206. Re: Threshold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You seem to be assuming IQ is a discrete integer. If it is a continuous measurement only an infitesimal number of people will have *exactly* 100 IQ. Of course we cannot measure to that precision but it is more likely continuous rather than discrete.

    207. Re: Threshold by lgw · · Score: 1

      The used Honda Civic will be a better car in every way than the new 70s Malibu, is the thing.

      The real argument here is that "a new car that keeps up with the Jones's" doesn't get cheaper. That's just the thing: status symbols, even small ones like a new family sedan, can never get cheaper, by definition. People complaining about how stuff doesn't get cheaper are usually talking about that. The equivalent car keeps getting cheaper, but that stops being the car that impresses over time.

      Yup, no matter what happens with technology, or Socialism, or anything else economic whatsoever, it can never get cheaper to impress your neighbors with your status symbol. The upside is: that's why automation will never leave everyone jobless, as the cheaper it is, the more it fails the status test, so there's always something left to do.

      --
      Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
    208. Re: Threshold by fluffernutter · · Score: 1

      I didn't say anything about keeping up with the jonses. I'm just saying if you want the reliability of a new car you have to buy the one that is 'better' today so it is essentially the same price as what it was in the 70's (even though it is a better car).

      --
      Laws are rules for the court, but merely a bottom bar to hit for life. Think beyond laws in your actions always.
    209. Re: Threshold by luis_a_espinal · · Score: 1

      Look, can't we just agree on that your country is severely fucked up?

      This is the only post that makes sense.

    210. Re:Threshold by bluefoxlucid · · Score: 1

      So the average income can buy more stuff today than in, say, 2005... how?

    211. Re:Threshold by bluefoxlucid · · Score: 1

      Oh god not the money argument. Let me explain money to you.

      You make $20/hr. Some other person makes $10/hr. Well, as it turns out, for every 1 hour you work, you can induce that person to work 2 hours. Wage inequality.

      So to make a thing, someone has to work. They have to labor in the fields to make food, they have to spin thread and sew cloth to make clothing, and so forth. This, of course, means that your work--which produces--can be traded for their work, in the same way: your hours versus their hours, exchanged in "Money".

      So we find a way to get the seamstresses to make clothing in 1/10 the time by inventing the "sewing machine". Instead of hand-sewing, they just buzz shit off the line using sergers and the like. Now the seamstress works 40 hours still, but produces 10 times the garments. People buy about 5 times as many clothes... but we still only need 1/2 as many seamstresses; and those clothes only weigh your hours against 1/10 as many of their hours per unit clothing.

      That is to say: where it took 10 hours of work to make a shirt, it takes 1, and so you pay $10 instead of $100 for that shirt. Where we used to need 10 seamstresses to make 10 shirts in 10 hours, we now only need 1. Where we used to buy 10 shirts, we buy 5, so ... we need 5 seamstresses.

      That leaves you with $50, so you buy more of something else.

      So money doesn't do anything but represent labor; and what labor can make changes as we increase technology.

      We used to spend 90% of our time making food. In 1900, we spent 40% of our time making food. Today, it's under 12% of our time.

      The cost of clothing has plummeted dramatically--the industrial revolution, then later with the basic sewing machine and the serger, and then again with the trade advantages provided by globalization. Chinese manufacture isn't just about cheap labor; they're very good at what they do, and the Chinese can optimize an assembly line to any quality specifications with minimal cost to retool--which means they can hit ROI on smaller batch runs, too.

      Costs of construction fell with the invention of iron furnaces that cut labor requirements by over 99.5% (yes, they made 216 times as much iron with the same labor when they brought out the hot blast furnace), pneumatic and electric power tools (nail guns and circular saws versus hammers and handsaws), and big machinery like excavators (because fuck shovels).

      The wooden shipping pallet allowed a crew to carry out the loading and unloading of canned goods in 4 hours--a task which took the same crew three 16-hour days, or twelve times as long.

      Costs have fallen dramatically over the years. Go back two centuries and you'll find a world that can't produce enough food to feed a billion people. Go back to 1900 and you'll find a world that's facing famine as it races past a population of 2 billion. Agricultural technological advances in the 1900s and 1920s won Nobel prizes for saving billions from starvation.

      Since the late 1800s, we've cut the working week from 100 hours to 40, eliminated child labor, and dramatically increased productivity. We live in a ridiculous caricature of society in which stuff just appears out of nowhere as people go through the motions of waving a magic stick at a voodoo apparatus that just spits out piles of completed product. The army of horses and postal workers required to deliver this message to its readers all over the world has been replaced by a fraction of a fraction of a second of labor share in a network that, for each hour of human effort, can deliver literally billions of such messages to billions of people.

      How do we quantify that?

      I pay $83/month for 200Mbit/s Internet service and probably have a data cap of around 200GB/month. By cap, that's 284MB per hour. Comcast has something like a 10% profit margin overall, but that doesn't help us here: the gross profit margin on Internet service would translate to labor

    212. Re:Threshold by bluefoxlucid · · Score: 1

      The pneumatic air gun thing was a typo--it's redundant. Pneumatic nail gun was what I was going for.

      I'd guess a whole load of people lost their jobs.

      They did. We have 4.9% unemployment today.

      The point is their work gets displaced. If you cause a 10% uptick in unemployment, your economy has a bad time; if you cause a 1% uptick spread across 1 year, your economy hardly actually notices.

      People notice. Someone loses his job and he sure as hell notices. Welfare is supposed to cover for that, and stronger welfare is possible today--the inflection point for America is 2013, so excuse the politicians for not quite catching up yet--and that's supposed to patch up the other side. It's what we exchange: sometimes you lose your job, and you get to have running water and spend less than half your income on food because people have lost their jobs over the years. As a participant in this system, you deserve some just compensation; and it turns out the economy is more-efficient when we have stable welfare (but not welfare beyond the means to which we can supply).

      Folks like to imagine businesses can take profits forever, and see a business cutting off 10% of its workforce as a business that just got $1,000,000 of additional profit forever. That might actually be true: that business might get $1,000,000 of additional profit which they never give back--not until it's eaten away by inflation over the next few years. More than likely, it'll keep those profits for 2-3 years at best--most likely, not longer than it takes the competition to catch up. In active, quickly-changing economies, the change is often rapid.

      The other factor is growth. The Nest Protect smoke and CO2 detector didn't get any cheaper--it's still $100--but it now lasts 10 years instead of 7. It got a redesigned, upgraded sensor. It's now $10/year, essentially, which is better. Cars come packed with fancy new traction control systems, complex suspensions, and other upgrades not available in earlier models. Essentially, as labor became cheaper, they employed more labor to build more stuff--cars still cost damn near 56% of the income of the purchaser, on average, by sale price.

      So sometimes those added profits go away when competition comes up. Sometimes the company supplies a higher-end good, trying to be the leading-edge supplier selling what's still a $100 widget but with so many more features that you wouldn't spend the $100 for the last-generation competition's product. They slim their margin, capture a market, and dominate their competitors. Adding all that crap creates cost because it creates replacement jobs.

      It happens. It's happened since the beginning of human history. It will continue to happen.

    213. Re:Threshold by bluefoxlucid · · Score: 1

      Incorrect. A Big Mac cost 49 cents in 1967. 49 cents in 1967 has the same buying power, today, as $3.54 according to the BLS (prices are all in USD btw). Today's Big Mac costs $3.99. That's roughly a 12% increase in price. This is with inflation already calculated as well.

      The median income in 1967 was $26,100 2011 dollars. The 1967 Big Mac thus cost 0.0135% of the median income. The 2015 median income is $56,500, and the 2016 Big Mac costs 0.00706% of the median income.

      So in 2015, a Big Mac cost 52% of what it cost in 1967. The Big Mac today costs half as much as it did in 1967.

      You will work for half as many hours today to make the wage required to buy a Big Mac as you would have worked in 1967 to bu ya Big Mac at that time.

      A Big Mac in 2015 costs half as much as a Big Mac in 1967. Cool, huh?

    214. Re: Threshold by lgw · · Score: 1

      A 5-year-odl Honda Civic is far fore reliable than a new 70s Chevy. If you weren't around when 70s American cars were the norm, you have no idea. There's a reason the Japanese makers were able to conquer America, despite starting from their own place of poor reliability.

      --
      Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
    215. Re:Threshold by Hognoxious · · Score: 1

      It can't, unless you cherry-pick important categories like computers while ignoring trivialities like food and housing.

      Look at the goddam graphs, there are plenty out there.

      --
      Confucius say, "Find worm in apple - bad. Find half a worm - worse."
    216. Re: Threshold by wyHunter · · Score: 1

      No more so than any other one, really. What the democrats won't admit is they're still racist elitists.

    217. Re:Threshold by jwhitener · · Score: 1

      Or, maybe we could all just work fewer hours per week. Which would leave more time for, you know, living.

      Or get paid more for the gains in efficiency. If it took 20 workers 100 years ago to make a car, and it takes 1 worker today, that worker should be making 20x pay adjusted for inflation, right? :) Of course not, all the money has gone to the top, hence why the US has huge wealth inequality.

      But working less is nice. The problem, is what happens when you are working so few hours, that you don't earn enough to afford to eat? It would be nice if you made the same salary as your hours decreased, but that will never happen unless the Government mandates it through some sort of a salary floor. Which is why some European countries are already experimenting with universal basic income.

  3. Working on the code now.. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I'm working as hard as I can but I need better data on use cases and how to handle failure/exception.

  4. Automation techs and engineers by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    That's going to create a lot of jobs of automation technicians, engineers, and repair people.

    But the trend is definitely, if you don't use creativity or deal with humans in a interpersonal way, your job is on a short runway.

    1. Re:Automation techs and engineers by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Will there be billions of robot repairmen?

      How about millions? No? Why do we keep bringing up this most insignificant of negligibles?

      s/roborepairman/equivalentshitthatdoesn'taffectthepointmade

    2. Re:Automation techs and engineers by chispito · · Score: 2

      But the trend is definitely, if you don't use creativity or deal with humans in a interpersonal way, your job is on a short runway.

      I don't know, I prefer Alexa to some customer service reps I've encountered (but definitely not others).

      --
      The Daddy casts sleep on the Baby. The Baby resists!
    3. Re:Automation techs and engineers by fluffernutter · · Score: 1

      The whole point of automating is to not have to employ people. Companies won't buy 100 robots if it takes 100 people to keep them going, that doesn't make sense. It only makes sense if the cost of the human is negligible with regards to the work that the robots can do, which automatically means those repairman jobs you're talking about will be scarce.

      --
      Laws are rules for the court, but merely a bottom bar to hit for life. Think beyond laws in your actions always.
  5. Automated Post by asylumx · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Of course half of human work *can* be automated (I'd wager even more than that) -- but isn't the question really whether it's practical to automate those things?

    1. Re:Automated Post by WDot · · Score: 1

      I'm guessing that the "half" of work they quote are tasks that are basically pattern recognition exercises or are straightforward application of rules. It's work that at some point someone will find it economically feasible to automate (or economically feasible to sell an automation solution).

      Even work that isn't "practical" to automate now is being picked at by AI and robotics research wherever it can be. For example, robots that can learn by example and can work in close proximity to people: https://www.technologyreview.c... This would find a nice savings in between 100% trainable human labor (expensive) vs 100% inflexible automated robot process (also expensive).

    2. Re:Automated Post by TWX · · Score: 1

      It's also a question of people at the edge of the actual work being intelligent enough to handle the work needed to create the automation in the first place.

      Every day in my job I see places where software problems make work much harder than it should be. We have a network monitoring product that can collect inventory/asset information as part of its regular function, but provides no means by which to search against or run reports against that information. Their DB is so huge that building your own external applets to query is a pain in the ass too. As a consequence people are stuck running around looking for assets come inventory-time and we're stuck helping when they start generating exception lists because they missed something.

      It's extremely aggravating and it's something that should be fixable by the vendor, but they don't seem to have any interest in doing so.

      --
      Do not look into laser with remaining eye.
    3. Re:Automated Post by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      And how many BETTER jobs does automating these tasks create? PLUS, the precise tasks and methods of completions of the tasks will change, required updates, maintenance, etc. PLUS people or more automation equipment will be required to build any real life automation equipment. PLUS its not as if this stuff is "automated" once and then done forever.

      The minimum wage people need to wake up and realize that their options are limited. If they keep pushing for higher and higher wages they are just accelerating the automation process. If they stay in their jobs they remain at low pay. The only real option if for a lot of these people to realize for themselves that the job they have now is actually a "gift" and it is up to them to find a path in life that doesn't rely on working a minimum wage job. No one is forcing this upon them - why don't they train to become the person that automates their own job?

      There will be no end of low end jobs - those jobs will just change. There is no such thing as "peak employment". People will invent new concepts, weather it is entertainment or new things to buy, etc. Building and creating these new ideas will employ people.

      The way to think about it is this: How much of what you buy is NECESSARY TO STAY ALIVE and how much is "OTHER". That entire "OTHER" is what was created by capitalism to keep people busy / spending after the "NEEDS" were taken care of. Capitalism will continue to create new ways to keep people busy.

    4. Re:Automated Post by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Let's make the minimum wage $50/hr and see how practical the alternatives are.

    5. Re:Automated Post by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      What you're FORGETTING is that for MOST PEOPLE, work that requires CRITICAL THINKING and on-the-fly PROBLEM SOLVING is simply beyond their capabilities. You cannot TRAIN people to engage in critical thinking. People aren't units in some game like Starcraft. You can't just spend 300 VESPENE GAS and change a factory LINE WORKER into a ROBOT TECHNICIAN.

      I mean, good luck if you think you can.

      In all likelihood, were just going to continue to MUDDLE ALONG with a barely functional bureaucracy determining who QUALIFIES for welfare and who doesn't. DISABILITY WILL BE THE BASIC INCOME. You'll see. When somebody just doesn't have the smarts, charisma, etc to get one of these WONDERFUL NEW JOBS, eventually they'll go on food stamps and disability. The only alternative is a return to the DARK AGES.

    6. Re:Automated Post by alvinrod · · Score: 1

      The flip side of automation and improvements in manufacturing and technology is that goods and services become less expensive because costly human labor is no longer required. It may be that as time goes on it becomes possible for society to support a larger and larger percentage of the population that doesn't do anything or is incapable of contributing any value simply because the cost to so is being driven downward by the same forces that are removing people from the labor pool.

      It's probably preferable to just pay these people to stay home and not bother the rest of society instead of having to pay people to deal with the results of criminal behavior because there's little sense in paying just as much money to solve a problem using one approach that involves creating a bunch of jobs to do busy work that wouldn't be necessary under a completely different approach.

      The only real issue is asking the people who fall into the group of inability to add value not to reproduce or to only reproduce below replacement rate. It's basic human nature to want to pass on one's genes, no matter how useless or detrimental society might view them. Would someone be content to live knowing that or could they be persuaded not to have children or have fewer? I question whether it would work since there are so many religious people who think they need to be fruitful and multiply.

    7. Re:Automated Post by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Most businesses don't even have a webpage. This won't happen.

    8. Re:Automated Post by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Why would the vendor fix the problem? You already bought the hardware and/or software so they already have your money.

    9. Re:Automated Post by asylumx · · Score: 1

      Ya, I hear you -- I almost think that automating will create *more* jobs building and maintaining that automation. Those jobs are just different (often with different skils, but not always) than the ones the automation replaced. We have very similar situation to what you described and ended up having to hire a few people to basically manage all that information.

  6. Currently Demonstrated Technology by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Take it up a notch into the realm of Likely Future Technology--ie, not even into the realm of soft AI--and I'd imagine the figure approach 90% at least. Possibly 99%. Look no further than agriculture.

  7. Shocking news by nobuddy · · Score: 1

    I am shocked to hear this. Completely shocked.
    only half?

    1. Re:Shocking news by Dutch+Gun · · Score: 2

      I'd say half the work people do could be eliminated altogether, and few would care.

      There's a hell of a lot of bureaucratic make-work that goes on in this world. Examples: Laws so complex only lawyers can understand them, or tax rules so complicated only CPAs can understand them. Result? You've got to hire lawyers and CPAs. Or, middle managers at large corporations or in government that just shuffle around, create more paperwork, and enforce internal rules that perhaps made sense to someone, somewhere, but now just inflict pain on people beneath them actually trying to get real work done.

      And that doesn't even describe the fact that no one is truly productive throughout the entirety of a workday, with breaks that are stretched out a bit, or time spent daydreaming, or futzing around on Facebook when you're supposed to be working.

      I fully expect we'll be able to create plenty of make-work that only humans are qualified to do in the foreseeable future.

      --
      Irony: Agile development has too much intertia to be abandoned now.
  8. Especially Slashdot admin! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    All they need to do is pick a highly voted story from the Firehose. Why not automate that and fire all the admins? The admins are actually worse, as they instead go out of their way to pick any story that is anti-Trump, even though no one here gives a fuck.

    1. Re:Especially Slashdot admin! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      So you encourage this behavior by bringing up trump in an unrelated conversation? Hell I think it would be easier to automate you.

  9. The end of Capitalism. No Work No Consumers by emanuele_fanton · · Score: 2

    If I can't work I can't be a consumer. They (rich) had to change how capitalism work or move away from it!.

    1. Re:The end of Capitalism. No Work No Consumers by fluffernutter · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Why would the wealthy change how capitalism works? It serves them just fine! All they need is enough money to build a barrier between them and the starving and a way to import goods directly from other countries. Drones should be advanced enough to move goods from international shipping hubs by then, and land right in their compounds.

      --
      Laws are rules for the court, but merely a bottom bar to hit for life. Think beyond laws in your actions always.
    2. Re:The end of Capitalism. No Work No Consumers by asylumx · · Score: 1

      Yup -- those who can't afford to participate in the capitalist hierarchy are just not included. Sad, but true.

    3. Re:The end of Capitalism. No Work No Consumers by Dripdry · · Score: 1

      Or they'll simply hire personal armies to defend lands on which they grow their own food/get resources, them give out small parcels of it to people in return for fealty... er wait, who said anything about feudalism?

      Sad to say, I think you're on the right track, fluffer; it's happened to humanity before and it sure looks like we're headed back in that direction.

      --
      -
    4. Re:The end of Capitalism. No Work No Consumers by fluffernutter · · Score: 2

      The fact of the matter is, a family that holds 10% of the wealth of a nation will survive comfortably no matter where they are. In fact, having desperate workers will only serve them better. Look at the trends.. Uber, Amazon, a new progression in treating people like crap. Whether you like unions or not, this is the outcome of their erosion.

      --
      Laws are rules for the court, but merely a bottom bar to hit for life. Think beyond laws in your actions always.
    5. Re:The end of Capitalism. No Work No Consumers by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The fact of the matter is, a family that holds 10% of the wealth of a nation will survive comfortably no matter where they are. In fact, having desperate workers will only serve them better. Look at the trends.. Uber, Amazon, a new progression in treating people like crap. Whether you like unions or not, this is the outcome of their erosion.

      This is actually the outcome of union over reach and lack or foresight. I'm not saying all unions are bad and that there doesn't need to be some labor protection but when you band together and force employers to overpay for labor they're going to find a way to remove that problem. Unions are speeding up automation and the eventual death of the working class, not the opposite. Robots don't strike, they don't renegotiate terms and they don't demand $40 an hour for something anyone could do with a few hours training.

    6. Re:The end of Capitalism. No Work No Consumers by fluffernutter · · Score: 1

      I don't think unions are really doing that much to hasten automation. Maybe by one or two years but in the grand scheme of things, automation is happening regardless.

      --
      Laws are rules for the court, but merely a bottom bar to hit for life. Think beyond laws in your actions always.
    7. Re:The end of Capitalism. No Work No Consumers by emanuele_fanton · · Score: 1

      The only problem with Union is that they don't use capitalism. In capitalism the union can be the owner and can shift the objective from profit to number of worker. Capitalism don't need a single owner! Don't fight the system, use it!

  10. Manna, it's Burger Time, G! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Isn't there some obligatory shit that everybody posts?
    Australia becomes a dystopian wet dream for geeky idiots?
    Something about ubiquitous surveillance and mandatory brain implants?
    By some asshole named Marshall-So-Fucking-Brainy?

  11. Sure.. my job can be automated by OzPeter · · Score: 4, Insightful

    My job can be automated as soon as someone can create some software that takes multiple sets of ill defined and incomplete specs* and can create a working, tested piece of code that not only does what was written down, but also does what was intended to be written down but never was.

    * And in my current line of work there is a set of specs from the final customer, a set of specs from the company that builds the hardware and a set of specs from the company** I am working for that supplies the actual automation. And all of these specs are ill defined and incomplete in their own ways.

    ** And within that company the group that designs the physical wiring doesn't really converse with the sales critters that bid on the job, or with people like me who end up writing the control software***

    *** Maybe they need a "Bender" module to emulate all the swearing I am doing at everyone else?

    --
    I am Slashdot. Are you Slashdot as well?
    1. Re:Sure.. my job can be automated by Imazalil · · Score: 5, Funny

      Maybe it will be management that will be automated and for once we can all receive clear, though out, complete, realistic specs. /ha ha who am I kidding.

    2. Re:Sure.. my job can be automated by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Remember that your job is already replacing lots of people (you are building automation systems: thats what most software is) and most of your job has already been automated (we keep getting better tools: you are many times as effective as you would have been 40 years ago).

      For now the amount of automation work do to seems endless, so increasing your productivity just increases the amount of total work you do, but it really should count as automating more jobs.

      Of course automation is a good thing: you either more gets accomplished for the same work, the same is accomplished for less work. For now us software folks are in the get more done category, but I wouldn't mind a bit of the work less part.

      Its too bad our oligarchy has made a system where working less is impractical despite increased productivity.

    3. Re:Sure.. my job can be automated by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      They don't need to do that. Machine learning and AI just needs to be given the inputs with no instruction on how to put them together. It will learn how, and it will learn how in way that a human would never think of and perhaps the machine's code output would work. Or maybe it would rip a hole in the space-time continuum.

      For 70+ years, computers ran the instructions and framework that we humans gave them in the BIOS, the OS and the application. The computers are evolving. I am just saying from experience: NEVER SAY NEVER.

    4. Re:Sure.. my job can be automated by sinij · · Score: 3, Funny

      See, you think your job is to create software, when in reality your job is to interpret multiple sets of ill defined and incomplete specs.

      When automation overlords take over, the only thing you will be doing is sitting in meetings with marketing and sales and writing/interpreting specs.

    5. Re:Sure.. my job can be automated by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Programming isn't going to be coding soon. It will be more like training a dog or teaching a toddler.

    6. Re:Sure.. my job can be automated by s.petry · · Score: 2

      "I have people skills. What the hell is wrong with you people!"

      --

      -The wise argue that there are few absolutes, the fool argues that there are no probabilities.

    7. Re:Sure.. my job can be automated by prefec2 · · Score: 1

      Is your work repetitive? Then you should get afraid. However, processing contradicting documentation of requirements requires creativity, which is currently out of the grasp of AI. It also will be that way for the coming 20-30 years. However, AI could read the documentation for you detect the inconsistencies and support you by searching the bloat and code for you. This will make you more efficient. Unfortunately, less programmers are then necessary for the same amount of programming. Fortunately, we live in the information age which requires more developments every year.

    8. Re:Sure.. my job can be automated by prefec2 · · Score: 1

      They already replacing lower management with AI.

    9. Re:Sure.. my job can be automated by HornWumpus · · Score: 1

      Said every year since 1960.

      Coding is the easy part, if you'd ever done it, you would know.

      --
      John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
    10. Re:Sure.. my job can be automated by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Came looking for this; I'm glad the internet's still got it.

    11. Re:Sure.. my job can be automated by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Well yeah, it's not hard to make a robot that looks over your shoulder and makes critical comments routinely.

    12. Re:Sure.. my job can be automated by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Well, consider what your programmer job was like say 50 years ago... and just how much automation made your job much much simpler... even down to only needing 1 person to "create stuff" instead of hundreds of "programmers".

    13. Re:Sure.. my job can be automated by Billly+Gates · · Score: 1

      That problem will be solved.

      You have one cloud program realize the business needs and use algorithms to optimize flow. That cloud program uses another cloud program to make the goods and delivery them.

      No humans required other than how many widgets to make. You are not needed.

      FYI Visual Basic became popular much to geeks laughing at it because programming is becoming more automated. You have a GUI to create another Gui for you. the user slaps the logic to pull from SQL and tada app done in just 1 hours WOW! They saved lots of money not hiring a programmer.

      So yes you are already being impacted by IDE's and frameworks and once the cloud APIs kick in you can have one app tell another app what to do. Even routers you can configure with a website now as the cloud takes care of the scripts for you

    14. Re:Sure.. my job can be automated by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      My job can be automated as soon as someone can create some software that takes multiple sets of ill defined and incomplete specs* and can create a working, tested piece of code that not only does what was written down, but also does what was intended to be written down but never was.

      * And in my current line of work there is a set of specs from the final customer, a set of specs from the company that builds the hardware and a set of specs from the company** I am working for that supplies the actual automation. And all of these specs are ill defined and incomplete in their own ways.

      ** And within that company the group that designs the physical wiring doesn't really converse with the sales critters that bid on the job, or with people like me who end up writing the control software***

      *** Maybe they need a "Bender" module to emulate all the swearing I am doing at everyone else?

      You think you're being clever, but many software developer jobs are at risk of automation. Hell, in my current company I've written software that eliminated 27 developer jobs. Sounds like your company is being running pretty incompetently but eventually someone will step in, fix the problems, streamline the operations and eliminate jobs that don't provide true creative value. I'm not saying that's not you. Maybe you're one of the top performing innovators but MOST developer are just average and they do very little that can't be automated when you start to change the way you think.

    15. Re:Sure.. my job can be automated by jwhitener · · Score: 1

      True, certain jobs that require a lot of interpretation, re-negotiating, etc.. won't be fully automated until strong AI exists.

      But surprisingly, a lot of white collar jobs could be automated to a large degree, very soon. For example, Lawyers and Doctors often just follow a flow chart to arrive at an answer. That flow chart might be embedded in their brain due to 7-8 years of experience, but it could be written out in code very easily.

  12. So? by lucaiaco · · Score: 5, Interesting

    A stupid article. Almost everything can be automated, the crucial question is whether it is cost-effective to do so. It is not surprising that a lot of the activities that can be automated concerns workers in China and India, because in most cases, it's simply more convenient not to replace an $2/h organic automaton with a robot.

    Here is your anecdote. A friend of mine was working on the manufacture industry. They had a branch in India, and his role was to mentor the product manager of the Indian factory. For a long time, he insisted that the factory in India bought this expensive machinery that they had been used in the Arizona for their production. The factory in India refused to do so by showing that paying 10 people to do the same job, for 100 years, would still be cheaper than actually buying the machinery.

    Moral of the story: stupid article, move on.

    1. Re:So? by Kjella · · Score: 1

      It might be a stupid story, but not for the reasons you point out, if you look at the world GDP trend and current distribution it's clear that we're converging. The 1970s when there was a grand canyon between the extremely rich "first world" and the extremely poor "third world" isn't coming back. For sure, right now that machine might fall in the gap where it's worthwhile in the US and not worth it in India. But it's a factor of 10:1 in GDP today and getting less, India's GDP grows by 5-9% and the US by 2-4% per year. Sure there's still expensive and cheap labor, but that they will work for next to nothing is becoming a thing of the past.

      And to be honest, one order of magnitude is not much when you talk about automation. Cheaper CPU/GPU/RAM, better/cheaper sensors, downpaid software, mature design and economics of scale often means that if version one works for the US, version two will operate at double the speed at half the purchase/maintenance cost and the whole first world will buy. And when version three rolls around doubling speed and halving cost again even India is in trouble. I think you're either stuck before version one where it's not practically feasible at all or it'll zip past and become something computers/robots do instead of people.

      --
      Live today, because you never know what tomorrow brings
    2. Re:So? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      you can't scale people... like 100 horses will not run faster than a car with 100hp. And that's important when you're trying to grow your business...

    3. Re:So? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      A stupid article. Almost everything can be automated, the crucial question is whether it is cost-effective to do so. It is not surprising that a lot of the activities that can be automated concerns workers in China and India, because in most cases, it's simply more convenient not to replace an $2/h organic automaton with a robot.

      Here is your anecdote. A friend of mine was working on the manufacture industry. They had a branch in India, and his role was to mentor the product manager of the Indian factory. For a long time, he insisted that the factory in India bought this expensive machinery that they had been used in the Arizona for their production. The factory in India refused to do so by showing that paying 10 people to do the same job, for 100 years, would still be cheaper than actually buying the machinery.

      Moral of the story: stupid article, move on.

      Well we all know technology and machinery don't become steadily cheaper to produce while labor costs (and cost of living) steadily rise. Certainly there won't be a tipping point like there has been for basically every automated task in history.

      Moral of the story: stupid, short sighted comment. Move on.

    4. Re:So? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Another point to make with scaling people. You take 9 women and make a baby in one month. Just, doesn't work. Also I'll just mumble something about the mythical man month blah blah ;)

    5. Re:So? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      As China's GDP has grown significantly over the years, they themselves are now outsourcing certain manufacturing to cheaper countries and automating more. As countries industrialize they get to the point where automation is cheaper than labor, especially if they start to care about environmental concerns (thus the outsourcing).

    6. Re:So? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      That's because Mckinsey are fucking clowns from top to bottom. They make their money by telling CEOs what they want to hear (short-termist nonsense like "save money by firing people and flogging the ones that remain to death, thereby saving in pensions too") rather than having the first clue about how to improve efficiency in a business, i.e. so that for the same amount of work your employees produce more of whatever it is the company makes/builds/creates. Replace every 10th word in any Mckinsey report with the word "cheese" and it'll be just as valid as the original. Selling bullshit to morons is pretty profitable for them, but in terms of advancing the productivity of the worker and thus the prosperity of the business? They don't know a damn thing.

    7. Re:So? by bluegutang · · Score: 1

      Almost everything can be automated, the crucial question is whether it is cost-effective to do so

      That's pretty much wrong.

      Most humans have jobs that cannot currently be automated. There is currently no machine that can drive a car well enough that people trust it on the road (though this might change very soon), so millions of people work as drivers. There is currently no machine that has the spatial coordination to cook a hamburger or pick a strawberry or sew the the sleeve onto a shirt unattended, so millions of people work in restaurants and farms and garment factories. There is currently no machine that can produce a high-quality translated document, or write a high-quality essay, or invent high-quality jokes, so people work in all those fields (and many other white-collar fields).

      But if and when a way to automate these tasks is developed, it will be much cheaper than human labor. The software will only have to be written once, and then it can be used simultaneously everywhere in the world. The mechanical components (like motors and cameras) are already very cheap. Put together, there is little chance of the cost approaching human minimum wage in most fields.

    8. Re:So? by jwhitener · · Score: 1

      Almost everything can be automated, the crucial question is whether it is cost-effective to do so.

      The cost of automation is going down. Eventually, it will reach near zero. That is the entire point about universal basic income discussions. Some day, maybe 20 years, 50 years, 1000 years from now, the cost of energy and automation will approach zero.

  13. mitigating factor by buddyglass · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Automating things is itself work, and when a process or job changes it must be re-automated. If the automation wasn't done in a manner that's easily updated to accommodate minor changes, then the effort to "re-automate" something may approach the level of effort it took to automate it in the first place. So while lots of work may be automatable, the effort require to keep all that work automated on an ongoing basis incurs some amount of overhead.

    1. Re:mitigating factor by bluegutang · · Score: 2

      the effort to "re-automate" something may approach the level of effort it took to automate it in the first place

      Even if this is true (which I doubt - once you've solved a problem, it generally becomes much easier to solve related problems), the "re-automating" will employ a small elite of computer scientists, just like the original automating did. The millions of workers replaced by automation will not be benefitted by re-automation.

  14. Automated Writing by PackMan97 · · Score: 2

    It's already happening. Some sports reporting has become automated! http://www.houstonpress.com/ne...

    1. Re:Automated Writing by HornWumpus · · Score: 1

      Reporters that just put their byline on press releases have made their jobs incredibly easy to automate. I have no sympathy for those deceitful fucks.

      --
      John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
    2. Re:Automated Writing by mikael · · Score: 1

      in other news, printing, typesetting has also been automated with the use of laser printers and word processors. Syndication of articles has also been automated through electronic news feeds.

      --
      Vintage computer adverts: http://www.vintageadbrowser.com/computers-and-software-ads
  15. Bullshit by dschiptsov · · Score: 0

    Algorithms can do very little in stochastic environments in multiple adversary contexts.

  16. This requires rewriting alot of software by Foofoobar · · Score: 1

    To automate all of services would require rewriting ALOT of software which in turn requires years of industry work. For example, I give talks at SpringOne, API World at have had Netflix and other state my work fixes alot of their issues. But they would have to rewrite their existing code... and they invested millions into it. Now regardless that the rewrite might only take a month or so, they want to get their investment back FIRST. So alot of these companies are not going to do that... regardless of the fact that they are LOSING money because they are not automating. Still, at least they are employing people and that makes me happy. To see some of my work on Shared IO state, see my videos from SpringOne on InfoQ (https://www.infoq.com/author/Owen-Rubel)

    --
    This is my sig. There are many like it but this one is mine.
    1. Re:This requires rewriting alot of software by serviscope_minor · · Score: 1

      ALOT

      Interestingly though, spell checkers are already automated.

      --
      SJW n. One who posts facts.
    2. Re:This requires rewriting alot of software by fluffernutter · · Score: 0

      You know what, screw off. I know what he meant. Lt Mee giv u a braan anneuryssm.

      --
      Laws are rules for the court, but merely a bottom bar to hit for life. Think beyond laws in your actions always.
    3. Re:This requires rewriting alot of software by darkain · · Score: 1

      Great example there. Blockbuster video had roughly 60,000 employees at peak. Netflix currently has roughly 3500 employees. Their current level of automation has already hit over a 90% reduction in the movie rental workforce. And you are worried that they've not automated enough yet.

    4. Re:This requires rewriting alot of software by HornWumpus · · Score: 1

      There are plenty of shit retail jobs. Blockbuster was like McDonald's, a place for kids to learn to show up on time.

      People like to feel power, being 'waited on' serves this psychological need. It's unlikely to change. How many people made money giving massages (not whoring, that hasn't changed) 100 years ago versus today?

      --
      John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
  17. McKinsey by Pascal+Sartoretti · · Score: 5, Insightful

    And 90% of McKinsey jobs can be automated with a good bullshit generator

    1. Re:McKinsey by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      You're not joking. McKinsey came to my company to "transform" it. They basically consulted in order to increase our overall efficiency.

      They came up with some generic stuff, but the main thing they did was recommend that anyone who has disagreed with the CFO be fired. It was a joke. Basically, they said whatever the boss wants them to say. I guess when you write a check with 7 figures on it to McKinsey, they'll say whatever you want.

      McKinsey is a massive scam, so be very careful if they come to your company. It's probably a way for the big bosses to legitimize some bullying.

    2. Re:McKinsey by 140Mandak262Jamuna · · Score: 1

      And 99% of McKinsey jobs can be automated with a good bullshit generator

      There! FIFY

      --
      sed -e 's/Chuck Norris/Rajnikant/g' joke > fact
    3. Re:McKinsey by 140Mandak262Jamuna · · Score: 1
      CEOs like writing large checks to McKinzie.

      It is all just down payment or insurance for them.

      When they leave this company, which they plan to do as soon as they cash in the stock options, they need to park themselves someplace, preferably getting paid to sit idle. They go to McKinzie and part of what the sent in earlier, they will collect for a few months, till they find another cow to milk.

      --
      sed -e 's/Chuck Norris/Rajnikant/g' joke > fact
    4. Re:McKinsey by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Have you ever worked with them? They excel at polishing BS to make it gleam like a sapphire. They are artists.

  18. Time Machiene by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Because the best way to solve the problem is the people too lazy to learn to do something useful is just pay for everything for them. Meanwhile the "smart" people are required to continue working to pay for the lazy ones. And how long does that last? 1 or 2 months.

    I've seen this before, surprisingly enough it was in the book The Time Machine, which to my knowledge wasn't attempting to make any socio-economic statements. I look forward to the day I can just run around killing and eating those too lazy to work like the Morlocks did.

    1. Re:Time Machiene by HornWumpus · · Score: 1

      What is the carb to protein conversion efficiency of humans? I'd guess, at best, it's worse than any common domesticated animal.

      --
      John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
    2. Re:Time Machiene by fluffernutter · · Score: 1

      It would work. You're assuming the "lazy" will have as much as the people who work have, but no one is suggesting that. The lazy will still have motivation to work because they will be barely living on what they are giving, and the people who work will have nice things and a more comfortable life.

      --
      Laws are rules for the court, but merely a bottom bar to hit for life. Think beyond laws in your actions always.
    3. Re: Time Machiene by cyber-vandal · · Score: 1

      You'll still pay the lazy but it will be at knife point instead

  19. So? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    We no more need jobs than we need to go out ourselves and plow fields to get food. Let the robots do the work, and the humans will take care of the play, the socialization, the sex, and the self-actualization.

  20. U.S. political parties? by gtall · · Score: 1

    I wonder what this does to the political parties in the U.S. It would seem the Republican fare the worst, their view is that if you are poor, you should go find a job. The Democrats have a more share the wealth attitude of taking from the rich, it seems they'd fare better. The Libertarians become mostly unemployed and won't accept a handout, they're toast. The Greens? I guess it depends upon how green the bots are.

    1. Re:U.S. political parties? by dhalsim2 · · Score: 2

      As a member of the American Solidarity Party, I advocate for an exploration of a universal basic income / citizen's dividend. It may or may not work, but it's worth exploring. Finland is currently experimenting with this.

  21. A lot of it is 'frontin' by RyanFenton · · Score: 1

    None of this is news. Almost all jobs these days exist more for 'coverage' rather than full-on throughput. On an instant-to-instant basis, 90+% of human 'work' time is waiting/transition/communication rather than raw action. You can often tell a long-time professional by how they spend 'in-between' time as much as traditional knowledge domain stuff, there's a sort of performance art folks pick up that's no longer 'looking busy', but instead putting folks at ease when there's nothing else to actively do.

    Sure, anything repeated with predictable variance can be increasingly automated. But the job market we've grown into is based on low-balling everyone possible, then selecting the 'expensive' folks based on a random hodgepodge of subjective expectations (largely self-serving for the hiring folks). Automating lets you hire fewer grunt workers for serialized tasks - but it doesn't free you of the need for 'coverage', and it makes a larger portion of your hiring effort the 'expensive hire' style, which is a VERY mixed bag.

    Don't get me wrong - almost everything we count as a 'job' WILL eventually be obviated indirectly by automation assuming we don't find a way to stagnate. There's just too much a reward at large scales to automating supply, even when wasteful, and although we'll keep getting waves of demand, it simply won't make sense to spend 40+ hours a week as a workplace like now. We'll find ways of needing less 'people coverage' and more 'system coverage' over time. Greed for time may start pushing back at greed for stuff in the mix of all that.

    Ryan Fenton

  22. And I thought... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    ... People work only half the time. We are all good.

  23. Works great till it don't by citylivin · · Score: 1

    Automation works great, till it breaks or hits an edge case. Then you need people like me to fix it.

    Infact I would say that most computer based automation is so full of flaws, that things need constant babysitting, code updates, etc. Its rare to find an automated system that just keeps on ticking for an entire year without some sort of intervention, let alone multiple years or decades.

    And all the best automation costs tonnes of money. Sometimes its just cheaper to hire minimum wage people to do it. But I am all for a push for better and more all encompassing automation (who wouldn't be!). No one should be forced to do mundane or repetitive tasks in the 21st century.

    --
    As a potential lottery winner, I totally support tax cuts for the wealthy
  24. Cut full time down to 30-32 hours and slide it dow by Joe_Dragon · · Score: 1

    Cut full time down to 30-32 hours and slide it down to 20 over time.

    We do not need where jack get's 0 hours and jay is working 60-80 or 40 + 24/7 on call. (covering what used to be done with 2-3 people)

  25. Willpower by Dripdry · · Score: 1

    Companies need the willpower and intelligence, and a big fat push, to automate.

    Seriously, I work in a job that I am *trying* to automate. My boss wouldn't fire me (small business) and I would get paid more for making things more efficient, plus there's lots of other work we can do.

    Problem is, the company puts TONS of limits on their software, so the time it takes to hack around it is obscene. Making their systems easier TO automate would go a long way.

    --
    -
  26. mad multipliers by epine · · Score: 1

    Yes, but do all these people want to be touched?

    My trusty calculator with a dedicated [000] key says the legal settlement could end up costing an exillion dollars.

  27. Half doesn't need to be done by Moof123 · · Score: 1

    I'd argue that at least half of what most cube dwellers do all day doesn't need to be done at all. Large corps build of thick layers of corporate sludge over the years, layers to bureaucracy and reporting that is put into place and never re-questioned. Finding a way to clear out that crap would do more for happiness and profit than automation.

  28. Programming/IT will be automatable in 10 years by davidwr · · Score: 3, Insightful

    I tell teenagers who want to go into IT or computers for a career to only do it if they really want to. If they are doing it for the high salaries, they are taking a big risk.

    You will still have a need for low-level customer-service work and high-level design/research work in 20 years.

    The mid-level stuff that your run-of-the-mill programmer and system administrator does today will be largely be automated.

    Hopefully, new, fun, decent-paying tech jobs that use similar parts of the brain that we haven't even thought of will fill the void.

    --
    Knowledge is how to play a game, intelligence is how to win, wisdom is knowing what game to play.
    1. Re:Programming/IT will be automatable in 10 years by fluffernutter · · Score: 3, Insightful

      You should also mention to them that salaries depend more and more on living in a hot spot like Silicon Valley, and then you are more than likely to pay with expensive living and a long commute. It's fine I guess for a young single person but not for someone who wants to start a family.

      --
      Laws are rules for the court, but merely a bottom bar to hit for life. Think beyond laws in your actions always.
    2. Re:Programming/IT will be automatable in 10 years by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You should also mention to them that salaries depend more and more on living in a hot spot like Silicon Valley, and then you are more than likely to pay with expensive living and a long commute. It's fine I guess for a young single person

      No, it's not. That's why I've never moved there even when I was a young single person.

    3. Re:Programming/IT will be automatable in 10 years by Tony+Isaac · · Score: 1

      We've been automating programming for decades now. The tools we use today to create Web sites and other applications are orders of magnitude more sophisticated than they were years ago. Tools like Visual Studio and Android Studio and others all have capabilities that are far beyond what was once referred to as "expert systems" that were supposed to do our programming chores for us. Yet with all these tools, we somehow still have a shortage of programmers!

      Automation of software development tasks has indeed brought down the price of custom software. But now that businesses have gotten a taste for it, they want far more than people can produce.

      It's like Moore's Law. The speed of processors doubled every couple of years for decades, but somehow we always found ways to use up all those extra cycles. The same thing is happening in software development. I don't see any kind of dramatic end any time soon.

  29. Any job can be automated... by __aaclcg7560 · · Score: 1

    A new software tool rolled out at my job. The data is automatically generated but the verification of data is done by people. Other groups hired additional people to manually update each entry in the system. My group requested new features like spreadsheet export/import to make bulk changes via scripts. Although the other groups have two to three times as many people, our small group beats their numbers at the end of the month. If other group use our update methods, layoff notices for redundant people becomes inevitable.

  30. Re:Cut full time down to 30-32 hours and slide it by Billly+Gates · · Score: 1

    Good luck. With 600 million out of work it would be logical to assume an 80 hour a week job with no benefits paying $15/hr is better than 0 an hour. If you don't do it the boss will find some other desperate worker who will. Another cost savings to give to the CEO and MBAs in the form of bonuses

  31. My employer sure doesn't think so by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    It is amazing how much automatable work my employer insists that we continue to do manually.

    There is a small upfront cost to making the tools that will automate various aspects of our development and build process, and of course a cost to maintaining that. This cost is overwhelmed by the repetitious cost of doing these tasks manually, not to mention the total costs of error resolution each time one of these tasks is forgotten or done wrong.

    But, no matter how often we point this out, management is in too much of a damn hurry to get features out, so they refuse to spring for the tool development, and we have a weak-and-a-half long release process, that could be half a day, and that we do several times a year.

    People complain about greedy business owners trying to penny-pinch by automating everything and getting rid of employees.....apparently, my employers are true humanitarians.

  32. War by Rick+Schumann · · Score: 1

    What will happen, eventually, is war. You get enough people (projected as hundreds of millions all over the world in this case) who are disaffected, disposessed, disregarded, and discarded, who all find a common complaint, and you have the makings of a war. People are not just going to sit and die quietly because they've been 'made obsolete'. The entire idea of people becoming 'obsolete' is absurd.

    Governments will do something. Companies will do something, too, because it's in their collective best interests; if no one is working, no one has money to buy products, therefore companies don't have money to buy robots -- or to stay in business. No one to pay taxes, entire national economies fail. The world lapses into chaos. Nope, something will be done. Oh and by the way it won't be this 'universal basic income' nonsense, either, because that'll bankrupt a country faster than anything else possibly could, so you can forget about that, too.

    1. Re:War by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I agree with the war prediction. And the war will likely itself be automated. Kill-drones blasting refugees and boats at the border.

      However, the "... if no one is working, no one has money to buy products..." has always been a straw-man argument. No one is asserting it will be the case that "no one is working". If you continue to slide more wealth towards a top elite, the average income can stay just the same. In fact: easier to target and market to. Capitalism and corporations can work just fine (possibly better) in a gilded era catering to luxury customers, surrounded by grinding poverty.

  33. Half the work we did is already automated! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Just think about dish-washers, washing-machines, cars, dryers, electric ovens, water supply and hundreds of other things.

    If you don't use automation at all, there would be 10 times as much work for each of us as we have now.

    This was and still _is_ the promise of technology, that everyone will work less. .. the only problem is, that the 'less work' isn't distributed equally, but more a 120% vs 0% distribution, meaning those that do work work more than full-time, and lots of others can't find any work at all.

    1. Re: Half the work we did is already automated! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I belief this theory should be accredited to Zeno

  34. Re:Cut full time down to 30-32 hours and slide it by HornWumpus · · Score: 1

    Not going to happen. They will just waste more time. Extend the daily 'stand-up' to 3 hours, add a weekly 'all staff' meeting and the MBAs are done.

    How many productive hours are you allowed per week?

    I occasionally bitch about the CA department of general services *. But putting all the really useless, net negative workers in one building does have the advantage of keeping them out of the hair of people who actually have work to do. As bad as the current situation is, it's better than distributing those air thieves around the government.

    * In CA government you can't fire people, so they transfer the blatantly useless ones to 'General Services'.

    --
    John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
  35. Hot air can be produced 100% automated by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    There's a variety of machines invented just for that purpose, for example hair dryers.

  36. Re:Cut full time down to 30-32 hours and slide it by fluffernutter · · Score: 1, Insightful

    Yes it will be great to have an extra 20 hours a week to not make any money, starve, and watch my family die.

    --
    Laws are rules for the court, but merely a bottom bar to hit for life. Think beyond laws in your actions always.
  37. I would welcome some automation by 93+Escort+Wagon · · Score: 1

    Heck, if my Slashdot browsing could be automated - my work efficiency would go WAY up!

    --
    #DeleteChrome
  38. I can write a program to identify redundancies by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    By using a computer vision algorithm, I can make a 20 point checklist to identify whether a person is a suit, a grunt or an egghead.

    Goodbye McKinsey.

    Holy shit, McKinsey... the company whose motto is "We can't get any dumber"

    1. Re:I can write a program to identify redundancies by Junta · · Score: 1

      Yeah, they have had some rather spectacular failures in consulting/analyst work. Trusting them isn't really any better than trusting a coin toss.

      The same can be said of most of these analyst companies of course.

      --
      XML is like violence. If it doesn't solve the problem, use more.
  39. The article synopsis says something different... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    The article synopsis pretty clearly states that most people could be twice as efficient as they are now. This means most people could be producing twice the value that they are now. If half of my job could be automated, then I can spend twice as much time on the high value added parts of my job. I, like most people I know, have 10X more work than time, so being able to focus my energy on higher value activities will be a net win for all.

    TLDR; world wide, we can be twice as efficient as we are now, which means we can live twice as better as we are now.

  40. rich by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    For a few to be rich, many must be poor.

  41. Currently by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Currently, Half the Work People Do Can Be Automated

    Everything can be automated.

  42. No need to predict the past by raymorris · · Score: 1

    > What about when it's all kinds of jobs? What happens when you only need 1 human to maintain 300 machines who can each do the work of 500 people?

    You can read about what happens, that was the 1980s and 1990s. My grandfather was an accountant. At the time, that meant he was also a bookkeper - he wrote things down in a ledger, and used a desk calculator that spit out paper of the results.

    My mom was a computer programmer. She wrote software so computers could do the job that my grandfather used to do. She led a team of people maintaining the computers.

    I'm also a programmer. I write systems that allow a cloud-based cluster to do the kinds of things my mom used a datacenter full of discrete machines to do.

    Half of what my mom used to do as her job is now automated - I don't have to do those things. For example we have an automated system that runs unit tests on the code as I check it in. I don't have to manually run all of those tests. Partially because half the job is automated compared to her day, my team releases a new version every two weeks, rather than every two years like my mom's team did. We get more productive work done in less time since the drudgery is automated. Because I can do a lot of productive work in a short time, I'm well paid.

    1. Re:No need to predict the past by LetterRip · · Score: 1

      Because I can do a lot of productive work in a short time, I'm well paid.

      You are well payed because you are productive and there aren't enough productive programmers. If there were a surplus of skilled programmers, the wages for programming would drop dramatically.

    2. Re:No need to predict the past by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Typical self-delusion. You're lucky, and your circumstances can change. The perceived value that you add may not be recognized by different people in the future.

      And because you release more frequently than your mom - maybe she was average, and you're just fixing hastily-produced code. Or maybe both of you really were providing quality systems that last for a decade or more, are thought-out, extensible, safe and documented. If so why are you "paid" (as in employed) rather than owning all of the massive value you add (by being a founder / owner)?

  43. In particular that of a McK consultant by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Result is predictable with very low variability. Cut cost and fire people, pay CEO more money. There I said it.

  44. More time on the interesting parts of the job by raymorris · · Score: 3, Interesting

    This study says that for the average job, half of it can be automated (the repetitive part).

    Fifteen years ago, I would spend one hour writing software, then two hours testing it. Now the testing is mostly automated. I write code and when I check it in the automated system runsva bunch of tests. It then alerts me of any problems revealed by the automated tests. Automating half of my job has meant I can spend more time creating new software and less time testing, while producing higher quality because I never forget to run one of the tests.

    1. Re:More time on the interesting parts of the job by liquid_schwartz · · Score: 1

      So your productivity doubled yet salaries have not doubled. This is a big part of the problem.

    2. Re:More time on the interesting parts of the job by jbengt · · Score: 1

      I design HVAC, plumbing, etc. for a living. 30 to 20 years ago, I used to do it by hand using calculators, pencil, paper, drafting tools, and specialized slide rule-like tools. First came fax machines, which meant you could fax questions and responses almost instantaneously, so you no longer had to think a couple of days ahead - so most people didn't. To get you started, the architect had to get you the background (paper or mylar "hard-copy") to draw on, with the building design more or less complete. Changes were a pain in the ass, which every understood meant you needed time and money to accommodate, so they made sure that plans were reviewed and approved before the design got beyond the conceptual stages. Changes did come, but they were few and far between, and you got paid to make them. Then we started using CAD programs to draw, which meant you could easily do things like erase, copy and paste, and slip in new electronic backgrounds at will. But, the architect could get changes to you at any time, and they started to do so closer and closer to the deadlines without thinking how it would affect other trades' designs. It's gotten worse every year, with the ease of e-mailing files, then posting large files to ftp servers, until now you often get major changes to the design a day or two before the due date. And now with Revit, much more detail is required to be input, most of which is up to the contractor's discretion, anyway. Revit also wants to automate a lot of the design work, but, so far, it is extremely terrible at it (even worse than most of those human designers that are bad at it). So my experience with automation-type "improvements" in my workplace is that they reduce some work loads, but encourage people to think less, and result in additional work that should otherwise be unnecessary.

    3. Re:More time on the interesting parts of the job by __aaclcg7560 · · Score: 1

      So your productivity doubled yet salaries have not doubled. This is a big part of the problem.

      I can easily do the work of five people but I only get one paycheck. So I cut back my productivity at work and develop alternative revenue streams outside of work. Why climb the corporate ladder when you can own the corporate ladder?

    4. Re:More time on the interesting parts of the job by __aaclcg7560 · · Score: 1

      So my experience with automation-type "improvements" in my workplace is that they reduce some work loads, but encourage people to think less, and result in additional work that should otherwise be unnecessary.

      My father had a sixth-grade education and worked in masonry construction for 50 years. He routinely caught mistakes in the architectural plans. Whenever someone doubted him, he would take out his pencil and quickly add up all the fractions on the drawing. If that didn't convinced anyone, he would prove it on the ground. When he found the 36" mistake, he walked the line from one corner, I walked the line from the opposite corner, and we met 36" apart in the middle of a single wall. Since that mistake was caught before the foundations got poured, a $1M mistake after construction got started didn't happen.

    5. Re:More time on the interesting parts of the job by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      This study says that for the average job, half of it can be automated (the repetitive part).

      If everyone were to automate the most repetitive and mind numbing 50% of their work, Slashdot would become a cesspool of bots arguing and trolling each other.

    6. Re:More time on the interesting parts of the job by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      And what's wrong with that? You wouldn't have a salary at all if it wasn't for the wealth creators giving you a job. Ungrateful guttersnipe.
      --
      roman_mir

  45. Nope by PPH · · Score: 1

    pay CEO more money

    First job to go. Replaced by a small Perl script.

    --
    Have gnu, will travel.
    1. Re:Nope by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "Small Perl script, you're FIRED"

    2. Re:Nope by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Definitely. A random number generator would work well. We already know that humans are bad at beating the stock market. It's obvious many CEOs are fairly awful at leading companies, golden parachutes notwithstanding.

  46. Many jobs will be safe by petes_PoV · · Score: 1

    ... just so long as nobody develops a robot that can screw up even the simplest of tasks, then blame it on someone else.

    --
    politicians are like babies' nappies: they should both be changed regularly and for the same reasons
  47. Zardoz by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    A barrier-type solution was proposed a long time ago in the film Zardoz, also noted for topless beauties on horseback in the uncensored version.

  48. Should, not could by plopez · · Score: 1

    Should we automate them? Would it be more efficient if you factor in the costs of civil strife and prisons? Probably not. If you look at it in terms of overall impact it would be a very inefficient way of doing things.

    --
    putting the 'B' in LGBTQ+
    1. Re:Should, not could by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      But externalities.

  49. FULL "work" of Politicians & Gov. can be Autom by s3cr3to · · Score: 1

    The FULL "work" of Politicians & Government can be Automated. (We don't need no stinking P&G)
    We Just put 3 buttons on each home to vote for the decisions that our countries need.
    (_)Yes (_)No (_)Maybe
    ---
    Or Where is Skynet when is need it?

  50. work by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    does that include the work done by the McKinsey Global Institute?

  51. No real precedent... by WolfgangVL · · Score: 1

    We all point at the printing press, steam power, and and the industrial revolution and say "See? this has all happened before, things will be fine, remember the doomsayers of the past", but this IS different.

    The level of automation on the horizon will remove workers and employees in great numbers, from all fields, not just the single improved industries as we have seen throughout history. Its going to happen very quickly. Huge swaths of the worlds population will find themselves out of work in a very short time, and even the robots and automation systems that replace them will go dark, as demand drops like a rock.

    We can hope that new industries will arise, and the younger generation will find new skills and ways of life that we cannot even conceive of today. But even in the best of these scenarios, it wont be before the huge numbers of workers find themselves desperate and starving, while those with the resources to automate pull more and more wealth from the populations of the world.

    We human beings have been marching into the future, improving our lives and adapting technology to replace mundane tasks since the first caveman combined sticks and stones. If we had no other qualities, we would survive this bleak future solely on account of our ability to adapt, and adapt we will, but not without great pains, and drastic change on a scale not seen since the fall of the dinosaur.

    In the short term, I suggest learning robotics, investing your children heavily in STEM skills, and building a few small bots of your own. soon, the only meatbags needed need will be those who can maintain the growing legions of steel and circuitry, and those who are willing do the things even our soulless replacements refuse to do.

    I know I sound like the doomsayers of the past, and I hope things don't go this way, but the writing is on the wall. This level of change is as unpredictable as it is unprecedented. Good luck to us all.

    --
    You are being ripped off every second of every day, so that advertisers can help rip you off even more tomorrow.
    1. Re:No real precedent... by avandesande · · Score: 1

      We enter the unknown when the robots start building and repairing the robots

      --
      love is just extroverted narcissism
  52. They won't by rsilvergun · · Score: 1

    There was decades of mass unemployment following the industrial revolution until wars did enough damage and killed enough people. Sorry man, but you're being hopelessly naive.

    --
    Hi! I make Firefox Plug-ins. Check 'em out @ https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/youtube-mp3-podcaster/
    1. Re:They won't by __aaclcg7560 · · Score: 1

      There was decades of mass unemployment following the industrial revolution until wars did enough damage and killed enough people.

      We saw the global population double TWICE in the 20th century, which incidentally had two World Wars. The global population won't even double once in the 21st century, peaking at 10B and declining to 6B as all those old people in developed nations die off.

  53. The good and the bad. by Neuronwelder · · Score: 1

    For some factory procedures/parts, yes. And critical operations like a new leg prosthetic replacements to a hip with a machine, are more accurate at drilling a tight hole than the doctor can do. But doctors are still there watching.. But full automation with no oversight, NO. Even robots go out of speck, and make mistakes, so I personally feel that it's good to have an experienced inspection person watching over the products and procedures as they progress. That person can instantly stop the line if a fault is found.. Phone calls I personally hate: AI cold calling? Hang up! Or maybe you are trying to get an answer on the phone with an Insurance question that is not on the choices. You need a person for that.. The main thing that angers me is that they use a lot of automation NOT to make your life easier, but to bury you in useless paperwork, take up your extra time, instead of theirs, make you go though extra steps to get the right person, or make you do more work (instead of them) to complete the task, so you end up with less free time.. Regarding making parts that are defective or out of spec. (Do you like to take time out to drive back to the store, and return the defective part?) Many years back, store parts simply worked the first time out of the box.. Now, anything from food devices to computer parts, are found to be dead upon arrival or don't last.

  54. Minimum wage by p51d007 · · Score: 1

    So much for those burger flippers wanting 15 bucks an hour ;)

  55. The survivors will thank us by rsilvergun · · Score: 1

    You're glossing over decades of unemployment, intense poverty and violence used to contain the poor. All of which is completely unnecessary. And You and I won't be richer in 50 years. We'll be dead or dying. That's not hyperbole, that's life expectancy.

    --
    Hi! I make Firefox Plug-ins. Check 'em out @ https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/youtube-mp3-podcaster/
  56. Wen need another world war. by trevc · · Score: 1

    We need another world war to destroy some infrastructure and kill off some people. It needs to be hand to hand combat though, like WW II, not nukes. This will boost jobs, increase spending and reduce unemployment.

  57. Re:Cut full time down to 30-32 hours and slide it by CrimsonAvenger · · Score: 1

    So, if most everyone is unemployed, just where are the CEO and MBAs selling what the company makes?

    --

    "I do not agree with what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it"
  58. I got a different moral out of that by rsilvergun · · Score: 2

    The moral of the story is you can pay people slave wages if there's enough of them out of work.

    --
    Hi! I make Firefox Plug-ins. Check 'em out @ https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/youtube-mp3-podcaster/
  59. and in the usa the prison doctors cover more then by Joe_Dragon · · Score: 1

    and in the usa the prison doctors cover more then the er. Under GOP care that may be your choice under then maybe an $2K-3K /mo cover all plan with caps and limits.

  60. Like politicians, could replace with death robots by WillAffleckUW · · Score: 1

    We could easily replace politicians with death robots.

    Same net effect.

    Half the lies.

    --
    -- Tigger warning: This post may contain tiggers! --
  61. Cost? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Of course much can be automated, but at what cost?

    We could have built a machine that could flip burgers 50 years ago, but human labour was cheaper.

  62. Newsbot by istartedi · · Score: 1

    I think I should like to code a small Newsbot that writes stories and posts them to Slashdot. I shall call him McKinsey.

    --
    For all intensive purposes, "whom" is no longer a word. That begs the question, "who cares"?
  63. The half I want to start with... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Let's start by automating the overpaid consultants that come up with nonsense like this.

  64. Someone please think of the C students!! by ErichTheRed · · Score: 4, Insightful

    The work I'm actually most concerned about being automated is upper-middle class office work. Otherwise, unless the rules change completely and we stop using money and property as a store of value, economic activity will slowly wind down as people can't buy things and don't feel secure.

    I work and have worked in large companies almost exclusively over a 20 year career. In environments like this, you will always have a distribution of abilities and skills. However, doing IT systems engineering work, I tend to agree with this report's findings. There are tons of jobs that could easily be automated with a little work. In banks I've worked at, as an example, there are people whose sole job is to accept documents mailed and faxed in for mortgage verification, enter the information into a computer, and take a fixed switch...case type action based on inspection. There used to be tens of people processing checks on two or three shifts. These jobs and hundreds more are the equivalent of an assembly line skill level, just working with paper or electronic files. Outside of the paper-processing world are tons of questionably-useful jobs in sales and marketing -- things like coordinating trade shows and putting out press releases. Across the organization are things like liaisons, project managers, business analysts, and other jobs that simply involve taking information from one group and passing it along to another. Yet, these jobs pay middle class salaries and give average-ability people something to do, regardless of how much raw revenue or cost saving they add.

    I think a lot of the instability we see now is what's currently happening in companies - these simple jobs are either being eliminated or offshored in the desire for companies to save a few bucks here and there. The typical occupant of these jobs is a product of the last 30-40 years' obsession with sending everyone to college instead of giving them a trade or skill-based education. I went to a large state university, and back then just as now, they were pumping out thousands of generic business majors into the job market, most of whom were/are the typical C student partying their way through school. Here's the difference between then and now -- back then, that C student would just roll up to the career counseling office during their senior year. Recruiters from big companies would interview them, they'd get a couple offers, and accept some random entry-level position. Now, no one's hiring the C students and even the A and B students are having trouble finding that first job. (I was a B student, but that was in a hard science and I worked full time.) Fast forward, and that C student is working their way up the ladder with salary increases along the way -- paper pusher associate, senior paper pusher, supervisor of paper pushers, Manager of Bulk Pulp Transport, Director of Document Services...

    The problem now is that the ladder is broken for an increasingly large swath of the population. Once the career progression is gone, that kills the salary increases that occur over time and allow for things like buying a house. 30 year mortgages are painful in the beginning but are supposed to get easier as you age because your income is expected to increase. Car manufacturers can't sell cars to people who don't feel comfortable enough in their jobs to take out a car loan or spend a little extra for a non-base model. And, companies can't sell products to their employees if the employees are worried about whether the axe will fall tomorrow. This squares with everything we've been hearing about Millenials - they don't want a car mainly because they can't afford one, they don't want to own a home because they're not secure in their employment, etc.

    In my mind, this is why we got Trump. His rhetoric about rolling the clock back to the late 1940s was an easy sell for blue collar workers, but I think enough white collar workers took a hard look at their situation and remembered stories from their parents/grandparents about times when companies showed loyalty, when th

    1. Re:Someone please think of the C students!! by wyHunter · · Score: 1

      Don't let the left hear you. They want 90% unemployment and people dying in the streets.

    2. Re:Someone please think of the C students!! by Hasaf · · Score: 1

      Sorry I don't have any mod points right now. If someone reading this does, please mod the parent up.

  65. Poof it just happens by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    So we will create an AI which can itself use robots to create other robots and in doing so essentially create a god > man relationship which then will become AI > robot > man. The idea that automation occurs from thin air is one fallacy. The other fallacy is thinking that automation is AI and that it will be able to come up with ideas and organically grow them. We will have an iPhone that goes incrementally smaller by .01 mm until it becomes too small...then it gets bigger again...until the AI determines that the tweets indicate it should be thinner again... Same goes for everything else...does AI foresee when phones will become obsolete or when man becomes obsolete?

  66. It's a logical progression and not that big a deal by LeftCoastThinker · · Score: 1

    Here is how this works in the real world. If half the work people do starts being automated, that creates new jobs, on top of the new jobs that are continuously being created by new markets and new fields. If there really is a glut of work force due to automation, the simple solution is to cut the work week down to 32h and require all companies to pay hourly for everyone below the executive level (essentially eliminate salaried workers) and make overtime 2.5x base rate to start and go up from there after the first two hours.

    --
    If you disagree, please post your argument. (-1, Overrated) isn't your personal censorship tool for views you don't like
  67. A surplus can only happen with low productivity by raymorris · · Score: 1

    No matter how many programmers there are, if adding me at $150,000 produces $500,000 in value, you should do so.

  68. McKinsey & Company by oh_my_080980980 · · Score: 1

    Do we really need to read trash published by this company.

    "A 1997 article and a book it published in 2001 on "The War for Talent"...The authors found that the best-performing companies were "obsessed" with acquiring and managing the best talent. They advocated that companies rank employees by their performance and promote "stars", while targeting under-performers for improvement or layoffs. After the book was published, Enron, a company which followed many of its principles, was involved in a scandal that led to its bankruptcy."

    But hey just look at these insightful statements from the article:

    "Automation is happening, and it will bring substantial benefits to businesses and economies worldwide"

    "...machine learning have put us on the cusp of a new automation age"

    "Automation will change the daily work activities of everyone..."

    Hello the Industrial Revolution is calling, they want their insights back. Perhaps they have some pithy quotes from Eli Whitney. Jackasses...

  69. Re:It's a logical progression and not that big a d by oh_my_080980980 · · Score: 1

    Why. Just replace the workers with robots. No need to cut the work week.

  70. Automated think-tanks? by Timothy2.0 · · Score: 1

    I'm starting to think these reports have been generated via automation, too.

  71. Been there, done that, got the IRS bill by raymorris · · Score: 1

    > . If so why are you "paid" (as in employed) rather than owning all of the massive value you add (by being a founder / owner)?

    I've founded a few companies. One I sold for a good price. One I still own. I haven't been an executive, or an employee, of that company for four years, just the owner, because I add more value an as engineer than I do as an executive. I'm better at designing really cool tech systems than I am at running a company. Also, I don't *want* to work 60 hours. I want to work 40, so I work 40 doing what I'm good at. Other people who don't know a stored procedure from a packed structure are good at running a company and want to spend 60 hours/week doing so, so I let them do that.

    As well as owning 100% of the stock in the company I founded, I'm also an owner of Google, Autozone, and dozens of other companies (in other words, I save for my retirement in mutual funds). Owning the companies is completely separate from, and irrelevant to, my daily work.

    > You're lucky, and your circumstances can change. The perceived value that you add may not be recognized by different people in the future.

    For the last 20 years, I've been able to keep an eye on major trends, pivoting to where the demand is increasing. I suspect I'll be able to keep doing so. Thanks for your concern, though. On luck, luck is probability * habits. If you make it a habit to drive without your seatbelt, probability says you'll probably eventually get injured when you're in a car wreck. You'll say you were unlucky to get injured in a wreck. If your habit is to talk behind people's back, probably one day when a colleague you've gossiped about becomes your boss or whatever, that'll come back to bite you. You'll say you were unlucky that the person who hates you got the promotion. If you make it a habit to try to be helpful to colleagues, when a colleague you've helped becomes the boss you'll say it's lucky that the new boss is your friend. Yes, I'm "lucky", I try to cultivate those habits that will, when the time comes, bring good things my way.

    1. Re:Been there, done that, got the IRS bill by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I agree with your probability / habits absolutely, you came across as absolutist.

  72. As long as half of all... by darenw · · Score: 1

    Fine with me, to replace half of all workers with machines, robots, and web apps. As long as half of all housing, half of all the food we eat, half of all our clothing, half of all personal and public transportation, can be paid for in ways other than earning an income.

  73. Fuck McKinsey by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Fuck McKinsey. Hard. With a broomstick. They are the courtesans of the one worlders. The snake in the darkness.

  74. Yes And it will increase by JimSadler · · Score: 1

    Every few months advances in hardware and software will be able to replace an ever higher percentage of human workers. Make note that our politicians are not making preparations for the unstoppable changes about to befall us. One huge problem is that the public does not want to be aware of what is happening even though if we do not adapt we will perish.

  75. Yes - I do agree - McKinsey could lay off 50% and by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I have a lot of experience with the PowerPoint company McKinsey and a lot of their former/current employees. And I do agree 50% could be replaced today by Excel & PowerPoint if not more. Some could even be replaced by Skippy... They have lot of great stories and "ideas" - but ask them to implement anything and every project goes down the drain. I would never hire someone that had McKinsey on their CV or mentioned McKinsey in a Job interview.

  76. Do you know how to read? by DerekLyons · · Score: 1

    What you're describing (between pointless insults?) is the dwindling need for unskilled manual labor.

    No, complete idiots like yourself display the point of the insults. (Hint: The construction trades are *not* unskilled.)
     

    There will still always be a need for manual labor.

    What part of "less and less as the years go by" was too complicated for that wad of half rotten cabbage you carry between your ears?

    1. Re:Do you know how to read? by lgw · · Score: 1

      "Manual labor" != "unskilled" was my point. There won't be less of it, but the skill threshold will keep increasing.

      --
      Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
    2. Re:Do you know how to read? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      So out of curiosity, where do you see new more-skilled manual labor jobs appearing to balance the reduction in construction, auto assembly, ditch digging, etc? You're asserting that there's not less manual labor, but I'm not noticing any fields of manual labor expanding. Am I overlooking something?

    3. Re:Do you know how to read? by lgw · · Score: 1

      Tehre are over a million skilled manufacturing jobs sitting unfilled in the US. There's a vast labor shortage in all the skilled trades. We're failing as a nation to enable people to take skilled blue-collar jobs. Our obsession with "everyone goes to college" is making high school worthless for half the population. The near absence of quality, reputable vocational training is really sad. But the jobs are there.

      --
      Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
  77. Folks it not half the jobs, its half the work by cyanman · · Score: 1

    It's not your job that needs eliminating, its the 4 hours a day that you spend doing BS because your system sucks that need eliminating. If you are in a large corporation half of what you do every day is not the job you were hired for. You spend 50% of your time in compliance activities. Transferring data from one system into another because they won't talk to each other, or your manager wants his own spreadsheet rather than using the "corporate" version because the columns are not in the right order. Or "the only reason I printed this out was to take it over here to scan in back in" because there is no connection between the system with the data and the document storage platform in use. Maybe its the "I need a wet signature on this" because your company won't take an electronic signature. Every company has thousands of these types of things. The longer your company has been in business, the more of these there are. If you think your job has BS activities that you should not have to do, that's in the 50%.

  78. How far will you lower their standard of living by rsilvergun · · Score: 1

    to make them compete with machines? Studio apartments? 2, 4 people to a studio? No running water? No electricity? How about food insecurity? How far down will you push them just so you can maintain the puritan work ethic and so you can claim the spoils of civilization yourself? History says you'll let them starve. Or if you won't you'll lose out in the marketplace to someone who will.

    --
    Hi! I make Firefox Plug-ins. Check 'em out @ https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/youtube-mp3-podcaster/
  79. That's sort of the entire reason why we're by rsilvergun · · Score: 1

    talking about this now. The next gen of automation will be flexible and it will adapt. It'll use complex AIs, improved materials and robotics to allow processes to change rapidly as needed. It took about 50-70 years longer to get to this point than we thought. But we're just about there. There's some algorithms to work out and we need slightly better batteries and materials. All of which are available and just waiting new processes to mass produce. This is all in the pipeline; and not that joke pipeline about how when a scientist says it's 5 years off he means he's done the fun part. It's coming soon. 20 years tops.

    This happened before in the 1800s and we didn't do anything. I wish we'd actually do something this time...

    --
    Hi! I make Firefox Plug-ins. Check 'em out @ https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/youtube-mp3-podcaster/
  80. Um, which half is at fault, please? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Which half? The part that is politically-expedient, or the part that requires an ability to comprehend some reality even the best humans couldn't explain?

    Baloney detectors are on. Extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence. Etc.

  81. End of capitalism by manu0601 · · Score: 1

    Automating half of labor would severely hit people's ability to buy goods. I am not sure today's capitalism would survive such a surproduction crisis.

    Problem is: there is no alternative model on the shelf ready to be deployed. Result will not be pretty.

    1. Re:End of capitalism by ooloorie · · Score: 1

      You can buy a Raspberry Pi for about $50, and that's the equivalent of a good desktop computer from a few years ago that cost more than $1000. In large part, that's because there is almost no labor involved in making a Raspberry Pi. Did that "severely hit people's ability to buy goods"? Of course not. As things get cheaper to make, people either build more complex (and hence more expensive) things, or you don't need as much money to live.

      The real reason the cost of living keeps going up is because (1) people consume much more than they used to and (2) government mandates, price fixing, and regulation.

    2. Re:End of capitalism by manu0601 · · Score: 1

      The real reason the cost of living keeps going up is because (1) people consume much more than they used to and (2) government mandates, price fixing, and regulation.

      I do not see how government is involved in soaring price of housing in big cities.

    3. Re:End of capitalism by ooloorie · · Score: 1

      I do not see how government is involved in soaring price of housing in big cities.

      Excessive zoning regulations (including minimum square footage requirements), government-granted monopolies, expensive and lengthy approval process, rent subsidies, mortgage interest deductions, subsidies for developers and infrastructure, and rent control, all drive up housing expenses.

      Note the irony that many policies that are ostensibly implemented to make housing "more affordable" actually end up making housing more expensive.

  82. One word difference by raymorris · · Score: 1

    > Slashdot would become a cesspool of bots arguing and trolling each other.

    As opposed to a cesspool of fanbois arguing and trolling each other.

  83. McKinsey can be automated by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    In fact, TFA was written by Auto Writer. Auto Writer was developed by McKinsey SW engineering robots in 2018 when the AI Advisory Board (at its Annual Run in a datacenter in Ireland) finally figured out that the astronomic salaries of the remaining human economists in the Company could no longer be justified by their results.

  84. own yr own by bigtreeman · · Score: 1

    Workers need to own and operate their own automation.
    For everybody to enjoy the benefits of automation we have to BYOD.
    I do and I'm a happy guy now.

    --
    Go well
  85. this is great by ooloorie · · Score: 1

    It means that we need to work half for the same standard of living.

  86. Half of the meetings I attend... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Half of the work meetings I have to attend could be automated by simply dressing a manikin like me and sticking it in a chair..

  87. They can be . . . by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Just because a job can be automated doesn't mean it will be performed as well. Electronic phone trees com to mind.

  88. Shooting off your cocksucker again troll? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    "I don't shoot my mouth off without knowing what I'm talking about" - by raymorris ( 2726007 ) on Thursday December 31, 2015 @09:29AM (#51215379)

    I catch you shooting your mouth off fucking up constantly: 2 raymorris security fuckups https://it.slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=5351503&cid=47379233/ & https://slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=5351503&cid=47374033/ + raymorris = script kiddie https://politics.slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=8895203&cid=51726265/

    &

    Tell us how ONLY 'newer script kiddie tools' have stringlength built in (when PASCAL had it for ages - my fav tool) https://slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=8472509&cid=51114383/ YOU BLUNDERING WANNABE!

    APK

    P.S.=> You like to talk behind others' backs like the gossiping bitch TROLL you are raymorris https://slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=9880997&cid=53312265/ well, here I am letting YOU TALK in those links, showing your FAILS wannabe ... apk

  89. That includes you "McKinsey Global Institute" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    With quantum computing and the right algorthims, your job will be automated too. A quantum computer AI will deliver report with the emotion and bias that comes out of some of these think tanks.