Slashdot Mirror


Senator Calls on NASA to Service Hubble

Avantare writes "Senator Calls on NASA to Service Hubble In a sternly worded letter to acting NASA Administrator Frederick D. Gregory, Sen. Barbara Mikulski (D-Md.) said she expects the U.S. space agency to heed the will of the Congress and keep preparations for a Hubble Space Telescope servicing mission on track. Congress, in passing an omnibus spending bill late last year, directed NASA to set aside $291 million of its 2005 budget to spend planning and preparing for a servicing mission to Hubble by 2008. When NASA informed Congress just weeks later that it intended to spend only $175 million of that amount on the Hubble repair effort, some saw the move as an indication that the agency was preparing to abandon plans to service Hubble robotically and rely instead on a space shuttle crew to fix the telescope."

322 comments

  1. Excellent News! by AKAImBatman · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Good for Senator Mikulski! As far as I'm concerned, NASA has been putzing around on this issue for no reason WHAT-SO-EVER. The shuttles are no more dangerous now then they were for the earlier two decades they've been in service. If people were allowed to do their jobs, then NASA would have known about the shuttle damage *before* Columbia's reentry.

    These mumblings about robotic repair sound like a whiny way of getting out of doing the job. If you'll pardon my French, "Just launch the damn space shuttle and fix the bloody thing!" It's not that hard, and I'm sure there's no shortage of qualified volunteers. Do I hear an Amen?!?

    1. Re:Excellent News! by melandy · · Score: 2

      AMEN!

    2. Re:Excellent News! by MyLongNickName · · Score: 0

      Sorry, but I call bullshit. Let NASA, the experts in the matter, make the decision whether to deorbit or not. Just what I want... a bunch of fucking politicians making the decisions on how to best do science.

      --
      See my journal for slashdot ID's by year. Mine created in 2005. http://slashdot.org/journal/289875/slashdot-ids-by-year
    3. Re:Excellent News! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      RETARD!

      oops, I mean AMEN!

    4. Re:Excellent News! by lgw · · Score: 0, Flamebait

      Hopefully this will go somewhere. Servicing the Hubble is clearly a waste of money from a narrow view (we'll have a newer telescope up in the not-too-distant future), but we should not delay an entire field of research for a couple of years regardless - it's still worth the money for the results.

      OTOH, as others have pointed out, it would be cheaper to launch a new Hubble, and I don't see the problem with that.

      --
      Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
    5. Re:Excellent News! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Informative

      You do know that NASA/Goddard is in Senator Mikulski backyard, right? Actually I'm not against her on this point, because it's my backyard too.

    6. Re:Excellent News! by Ziviyr · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Deorbiting means going up there and attaching stuff to it.
      Repairing means going up there and attaching stuff to it.

      We already have repairs mapped out and upgrades built. if we're going to go up there and attach stuff to it, we might as well not be entirely destructive about it...

      --

      Someone set us up the bomb, so shine we are!
    7. Re:Excellent News! by MyLongNickName · · Score: 1

      Another question: My understanding is that the repair will require a shuttle mission. What mission do you have to give up in order to do this mission?

      It is easy to be for something when you don't consider what you have to give up to make it happen.

      --
      See my journal for slashdot ID's by year. Mine created in 2005. http://slashdot.org/journal/289875/slashdot-ids-by-year
    8. Re:Excellent News! by The_Mr_Flibble · · Score: 2, Informative

      The main problem with repairing hubble is the fact that ther is no longer any shuttle capable of containing it in it's hold as all the remaining shuttles are equipped for docking with the iss. so in order for the hubble to be repaired they would have to strip a shuttle so they can repair it (and lets not forget about taking along a spare set of solar panels.

    9. Re:Excellent News! by GileadGreene · · Score: 2, Insightful
      Good for Senator Mikulski!

      Of course, this has nothing to do with the fact that NASA Goddard Space Flight Center is located in Mikulski's district. I'm sure she'd support a Hubble repair mission even if that wasn't the case...

    10. Re:Excellent News! by MightyMartian · · Score: 3, Interesting

      It's the pencil pushers at NASA who largely not in favor of a manned mission. It's the same guys who want to kill the Voyager programs, despite the fact that these extraordinary vessels are hurtling towards interstellar space, a place nothing else we have has done, or will do in the forseeable future. I don't really call these guys experts in the matter, but rather part of the problem.

      --
      The world's burning. Moped Jesus spotted on I50. Details at 11.
    11. Re:Excellent News! by torpor · · Score: 1, Flamebait


      whatever. the hubble is useless junk. i'd rather NASA stop spending million$ on 'missions' and spent it all - every single bit of it - on sustainable human living, space research and development.

      we do not need to know more about some place we, the starving human species, have no chance yet whatsoever of going to, living at, or exploiting in some way to solve the problems of our species.

      sure, lots of 'hard science' can be learned from gazing off into the distant universe, but even more can be learned from spending 20 million bucks on human survival.

      send man to space, work out better ways to improve a humans life under adverse conditions, and turn that technology back into the human back yard .. astrophysics rarely solves hunger, starvation, or thirst ...

      --
      ; -- the corruption of government starts with its secrets. a truly free people keep no secrets. --
    12. Re:Excellent News! by LMCBoy · · Score: 4, Informative

      The main problem with repairing hubble is the fact that ther is no longer any shuttle capable of containing it in it's hold

      This is only a problem if you want to return HST safely to the ground in a Shuttle cargo hold. As you say, there is no longer a shuttle in which it will fit, because the external airlock for ISS makes the bay too short.

      However, for a repair mission, HST does not have to fit in the cargo bay; it is mounted inside the bay sticking straight up out of it.

      --
      Liberal (adj.): Free from bigotry; open to progress; tolerant of others.
    13. Re:Excellent News! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Actually, it doesn't exactly. But Johns Hopskins University, which DOES run the hubble, is also in her district.

    14. Re:Excellent News! by Mr.+Slippery · · Score: 1
      You do know that NASA/Goddard is in Senator Mikulski backyard, right?

      And, more to the point, StSCI - the fine folks who run the Hubble - are at Hopkins, in Baltimore. (My backyard also...actually interviewed at StSCI many years ago.)

      --
      Tom Swiss | the infamous tms | my blog
      You cannot wash away blood with blood
    15. Re:Excellent News! by phats+garage · · Score: 1

      Theres no denying that statistically, the shuttle is a deathtrap. I'm literally ashamed that this is the best the US can do in space exploration.

    16. Re:Excellent News! by Rei · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Notice that all of this started happening after the "Mars Exploration Vision" was announced. Basically, they had a huge new suite of programs that they need to launch, but only minor increases in funding. Who couldn't see this sort of stuff coming from a mile off?

      Apollo, at its peak, was using about 0.75% of our nation's *entire GDP* (not government funding, but GDP). In today's dollars, that's over 80 billion a year. Even with the tech advances since Apollo and the experience gained from it, getting to Mars and back safely is a much more difficult problem.

      Heck, the apollo astronauts hardly even dealt with radiation at all; by choosing a proper launch window, they bypassed the most intense parts of the Van Allen belts; their "radiation shielding" was little more than the craft's skin and thermal insulation. No long term GCR exposure, no major flare/CME problems, etc.

      Their craft could be much smaller, and of course launch costs haven't changed much since the 1960s (and only a couple organizations in the world - NASA and a few other space agencies - are really putting funding into basic research to develop new tech that could lower costs. Private companies are trying to optimize what we already have (which is a great thing), but few are doing basic research not funded by the government because profit margins on orbital rocketry are so low currently).

      No long-term habitats were needed, and thus no long-term power sources, shielded environments, food supplies, low-wear equipment, etc. No mining and fuel production. Etc. The technical challenges for a Mars mission are much greater than for a Moon mission, and yet we still have to redo most of the technical challenges that we did for the Moon mission (new craft design, new rocket design or in-space assembly, new landing simulations for the different environment, etc).

      --
      Pinkypants -- my favorite!
    17. Re:Excellent News! by MightyMartian · · Score: 1

      Well, I'm fully in favor of working towards a manned mission to Mars, and though I'd like to see it in my lifetime (I'm 33), I think that unless you are going to dedicate vast amounts of money to it, it's going to take time. All that's happened now is that funds are being stripped from other important programs, and some Congress a few years down the road will probably pull the plug on it, and push a manned mission even farther back.

      --
      The world's burning. Moped Jesus spotted on I50. Details at 11.
    18. Re:Excellent News! by Rei · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Personally, I would have announced a "Space Exploration Vision", which makes a top priority of lowering costs to access space. NASA is a research institution (not a "space cargo institution", like so many here mistakenly believe), and that's what they do best. Once you get costs down, programs like a "Mars Exploration Vision" don't take as long or as much money, and are thus less likely to be cancelled.

      Mind you, I'm not of the type that believes that NASA should just use conventional off-the-shelf technology in making new rocket systems. I think they should push the envelope, because if they don't, nobody else will, and the space industry will stagnate. I do, however, think that they should take multiple approaches at a time (because you have to count on some failing when you do this), and revive old concepts with modern technology. We really need a full suite of craft, as well: multiple lift systems (manned and unmanned, for different sizes and types of cargo, with different orbital capabilities) designed with the primary goals of safety and low cost, as well as one or more types of space tugs (never reentering Earth, but having multiple uses) with a primary goal of a long lifespan, using any combination of rockets, ion drives, electromagnetic tethers, rotavators, etc.

      --
      Pinkypants -- my favorite!
    19. Re:Excellent News! by quarkscat · · Score: 2, Insightful

      MD Senator (D) Barbara Mikulski to the rescue!
      She has been in the forefront of defending NASA
      from the pinhead bean-counters in the past. I
      sure hope she is successful once again.

      Regarding the SSTs (Shuttle Space Transports):
      NASA changed the formulation of the insulation
      on the external tanks, which made the ablative
      foam insulation dangerous. The original formula
      was environmentally "unfriendly" since it used
      CFCs. Losing a shuttle and crew during reentry
      was also environmentally "unfriendly". NASA
      management (at some level) knew that the ablative
      foam insulation "might" pose some risks, long
      before Columbia's tragic reentry. They never
      spent the time and money necessary to confirm
      the level of risk before the accident. O'Keefe's
      mismanagement of NASA was merely highlighted by
      Columbia -- testing the foam was a matter of
      "due diligence" that the real engineers wanted.

      The focus has subsequently been on a robotic
      servicing mission. All primary NASA contractors
      wanted a piece of that action, since it also
      leveraged their interests in military space
      contracts. Even a robotic mission has been deemed
      too expensive, with a much greater chance of its
      failure. Astronauts have been training for an
      HST servicing mission for years -- the mission
      isn't just about repairs, but about improvements.
      The money has already been spent on the upgrades,
      so why not sent the experts back up to HST?

      The current political climate in Washington isn't
      only penny-wise and pound-foolish. It's also
      about the uses of space -- civilian vs military.
      How else to explain NASA's determination to drop
      support for the Voyager project, which would only
      cost $4 Milion USD per year, while NASA pisses
      away $11 Billion USD on a new internal accounting
      system?

      Have I missed anything here?

    20. Re:Excellent News! by MightyMartian · · Score: 2
      Well, I definitely think the time has come to spin off satellite launches to private interests. Let private enterprise do what it does best. NASA shouldn't be in the business of surface-to-space transport. I agree that a proper vision for NASA into the future is more in the research and development. No private corporation is going to have the money or want to take the risks without government backing, and that's where NASA can come into play.

      I guess it all boils down to the single fact that NASA has been and continues to be overpoliticized. I don't see that changing any time in the near future, though. There have been some huge mistakes, and at the top of the list is the ISS. It's an enormous waste of money and resources, and doesn't really seem to serve much of a purpose beyond "people always being in space", which I find a pretty wasteful and meaningless sentiment. Why not twenty or thirty years until we have better spacecraft and do a proper permanently-manned space station? Then we can start looking at such a station as a launching point for returning to the Moon and heading to Mars. If we are going to truly begin manned interplanetary travel, that's the way to do it. Somehow some sort of even minimal space economy has got to be developed.

      --
      The world's burning. Moped Jesus spotted on I50. Details at 11.
    21. Re:Excellent News! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      When you take a definition like that from a book likely written by a bunch of liberal academics, exactly what do you THINK it's going to sound like?

      Heck...you are making alot of people's point about liberals by thinking that way...it's actually kinda amusing.

    22. Re:Excellent News! by Rei · · Score: 3, Interesting

      An interesting question becomes, "How to get NASA out of the cargo industry?". Already, the craft are developed by private industry - Boeing, Lockheed, Orbital Sciences, etc, are the ones who really do the development work. NASA provides the R&D money. But NASA also runs the craft after they're built, on a no-profit model. We could leave the craft to their builders to operate (or sell), but that wouldn't work on a standalone basis: they wouldn't be cost-competitive in the world if they want to extract any profit from launches, as other space agencies are launching with a no-profit model (the only real exception that I can think of is SeaLaunch). NASA could, however, provide a fixed per-kilogram launch subsidy to make them competitive again (not just to companies that they give craft-development funds to, but to any US rocket company).

      I think that would be a nice incentive system. If the same company doing the building is the one who is going to be operating the craft, they have a strong motivation to, during the design phase, keep later operating costs down instead of just "building to the spec" and "trying to make it look nice on paper".

      The lower the operating costs, the bigger the demand, and consequently the more likely that private companies will start spending their *own* money on rocketry. Which is what we all want to see here :) Most Libertarians want that so that NASA's funding can be slashed or even eventually eliminated; most Dems, Greens, and some Republicans want to see that so that NASA's funding can go to more science/exploration/research projects.

      --
      Pinkypants -- my favorite!
    23. Re:Excellent News! by MightyMartian · · Score: 1
      The lower the operating costs, the bigger the demand, and consequently the more likely that private companies will start spending their *own* money on rocketry. Which is what we all want to see here :) Most Libertarians want that so that NASA's funding can be slashed or even eventually eliminated; most Dems, Greens, and some Republicans want to see that so that NASA's funding can go to more science/exploration/research projects.

      I don't see this as being very much different from edging into any new market. Certainly the earliest European colonial efforts were all, in one way or another funded or at least sponsored by governments. Whether it was land titles, paid expeditions or companies like the East India Company, the realization was there that economies didn't just appear overnight, and it required some effort to get them off the ground.

      If NASA, and by extention Congress, began thinking in terms of twenty or thirty years at having a real space economy; everything from tourism through satellite launches and maintenance right up to (perhaps) orbital construction, all private enterprise initiatives, with NASA maintaining its interests in science (out of which new useful space technologies will likely come), then I think we'll have the best of both worlds. I think a big initiative right now should be getting the per-kg payload costs down, and that's not going to happen while the major players are all government agencies.

      --
      The world's burning. Moped Jesus spotted on I50. Details at 11.
    24. Re:Excellent News! by AKAImBatman · · Score: 2, Informative

      Notice that all of this started happening after the "Mars Exploration Vision" was announced.

      You're confused. There is no "Mars Exploration Vision". There isn't even a Mars plan beyond "that's what we do after we get to the moon". What there *was* was the "Orbital Space Plane" project. The OSP started as a shuttle replacement program, but was quickly killed when it was realized that a spaceplane wasn't the most useful, reliable, and reusable craft we could build with current technology.

      As a result, Bush worked with NASA and redefined the OSP proposal into the Vision for Space Exploration plan. The VSE really wasn't anything new, it just took stock of where NASA has been screwing up for the past ten years, and aims to get them back on track with the plan that Reagan laid out so many years ago. Noticably absent from the plan is plans for massive spacestations and moonbases. Instead, everything has been scaled back, and made to fit into what's realistic for today's technology rather than planning for tommorrow's miracle technology.

      Out of this plan comes the Crew Exploration Vehicle, a set of craft that will achieve humans to orbit, orbit to moon, and extended stays on the moon. The first craft will replace the space shuttle, while the other two craft will provide renewed access to the moon as well as testing for a Mars mission.

      To develop these craft, NASA is (for the first time ever!) requiring a vehicle flyoff competition for choosing the craft to build. Entrants not only include Boeing and Lockheed, but any other space enterprise who wishes to compete. At one point, t/Space was formed from aerospace legends such as Burt Rutan to compete in the competition. Unfotunately, they recently dropped out of the race due to heavy paperwork requirements. :-/ (My guess is that they'll just work on their entry in private, then rejoin the competition at a later date.)

      Beyond the moon craft, the VSE specifies Mars flyby and landing missions "at some point beyond 2020". No hard plans exist for the Mars mission, because it is felt that we don't have enough data yet. Not to mention that a lot will change in the next 15 years. However, NASA is starting to bootstrap some long forgotten projects such as Nuclear Engines. This is a sign that they are serious about the future, and know what it will take to actually accomplish their goals. For the first time ever, there will be no "magic technology" that will appear in the nick of time to complete their mission. NASA will design it simple, straightforward, and with existing tech.

      Feel better now? :-)

    25. Re:Excellent News! by mbrother · · Score: 1

      I'm glad to see this, too. I was giving up hope. The Hubble is still a great facility, and I don't see any compelling reason to change plans to keep it flying for a few more years until the James Webb Space Telescope is up. Basically, Hubble has been sacrificed in the current budget to manned Moon/Mars planning. While I think manned spaceflight is a cool and worthy thing to do, the current funding climate makes it compete directly with Hubble.

      The Hubble Space Telescope review panel meets next week to determine what Hubble will look at next year. Hubble failure has to weigh on their minds, and each proposal will receive an extra measure of scrutiny: will I feel satisfied if this observation is Hubble's last?

      --
      Professor of Astronomy, Author of Spider Star & Star Dragon (Tor)
    26. Re:Excellent News! by vsprintf · · Score: 1

      You're confused. There is no "Mars Exploration Vision".

      Then I'm as confused as the GP because I remember reading this, which states:

      The president did not announce a date for a Mars mission, but administration sources said the earliest date for a journey to the red planet would be 2030.
      That sounds like a vision to me.

      The pertinent point is the budget anyway. NASA does not get a pile of money that they can spend as they see fit. They are already in trouble for not spending money earmarked for Hubble as Congress intended. The proposed budget reduces money for current projects in favor of the president's grand vision of whatever sounds good in a speech. NASA doesn't have much leeway in how they spend the appropriated funds.

    27. Re:Excellent News! by Rei · · Score: 1

      Thanks for correcting the vision name :)

      The vision seems to have really solidified and increased the push for a number of elements - especially a moon base, which seems to have almost disappeared from discourse before it. The whole vision seems to have focused NASA on Big Projects(tm), at the expense of the smaller (and more useful, in my opinion) projects.

      You mention the revival of NERVA as a sign that they're working to reduce costs. Nuclear propulsion, however, is unlikely to ever be used to lift payloads from the surface to space (the most expensive task). What you need are breakthroughs on surface to space technology. Yet, as an example, the X-43C was cancelled, and the scientists involved said it was because of budget constraints for the VSE.

      I'll hold my judgement about future craft, of course, until they've finalized a design for the CEV. :) And I do like the new bidding proposals NASA has enacted. I just don't like the refocusing of such large amounts of money from small, highly productive projects for tasks which, while they may be more productive than any individual smaller task, clearly can't make up for the amount they're siphoning.

      --
      Pinkypants -- my favorite!
    28. Re:Excellent News! by AKAImBatman · · Score: 1

      Thanks for correcting the vision name :)

      No problem. :-)

      The whole vision seems to have focused NASA on Big Projects(tm), at the expense of the smaller (and more useful, in my opinion) projects.

      Yes and no. Most of the money is coming out of the Space Shuttle funds. Part of it is coming out of a 2 point something billion dollar increase in budget. The rest does impact other projects, but I believe that there was supposed to be money enough to fund most of the more important projects. I think a lot of the threats toward projects such as Voyager stem more from internal beaurocrats and less from what Congress did to their budget. (Which isn't to say that a lot of projects didn't get delayed, canned, or rethought.)

      You mention the revival of NERVA as a sign that they're working to reduce costs.

      Actually, I mentioned it as a sign of their willingness to use existing technology to meet their space exploration goals rather than building unknown and untested technologies.

      Nuclear propulsion, however, is unlikely to ever be used to lift payloads from the surface to space (the most expensive task).

      That's not the purpose of the nuclear engines. Such engines would be far more useful in making inexpensive and reusable orbit -> moon and orbit -> Mars craft. This allows the launch craft to be smaller, cheaper, and more compact. i.e. In the 60's they had more money than time, so they built skyscrapers that delivered a measly ton or two to the destination. Now we have more time than money, so we're appropriately staging everything and making craft less expensive and overall more reusable.

      What you need are breakthroughs on surface to space technology.

      No, you don't. At least not in the short term. In the long term we need space flight to be competitive with today's airline flights. But in the short term we only need something that can lift a couple of *humans* (say, 4-8) for 50-100 million per shot. A reusable capsule solution such as a scaled down Big Gemini would meet those goals far better than a very expensive new technology like Scramjets. Looks like the government has learned from the "all in one" Space Shuttle debacle. It's just too bad they hadn't listened to NASA the first time. :-)

    29. Re:Excellent News! by Rei · · Score: 1

      I disagree. Bulk payload (which will comprise most of the mass) can (and likely will) be taken to Mars ahead of time via ion drives, which make even NERVA look inefficient. Consequently, you will be lifting relatively little mass for them to give them the extra ~4.7 km/s delta-V to get to a Mars orbit (only 50% of what it takes to get off Earth, plus at earth you have to plow through the atmosphere; it's a far easier issue). Only the actual habicraft will have to pay much in terms of payload for that extra delta-V.

      You gain a lot more by reducing surface to LEO costs, because all of your ion-propelled cargo benefits, plus your habicraft gets a lot more bang for its buck than it would by working on improving that 4.7 km/s.

      Furthermore, scramjets are not a very expensive new technology. It's hard to find an official estimate, but I ran into a French page which stated that the entire X-43 project was expected to run 230 million dollars. This includes all the way to the X-43D, which was to be able to accelerate on its own power up to Mach 15. Scramjets tend to be relatively simple devices; they're basically "half a rocket engine" (one set of turbopumps, half a nozzle and combusion chamber, etc). It's just the design that makes it effective.

      Even if scramjets aren't the be-all, end-all of surface to LEO tech, there are a lot of things that have the potential to make major improvements. First off, just building out of better alloys alone would be an incredibly nice shift if you're going for a reusable craft. :) There are lower maintenance engine designs, simplified types of TPS, simplified actuators (self-contained hydraulic and pure electric), and dozens of other things to come out in the past couple decades - and a number of things are on the horizon as well.

      --
      Pinkypants -- my favorite!
    30. Re:Excellent News! by vsprintf · · Score: 1

      Theres no denying that statistically, the shuttle is a deathtrap. I'm literally ashamed that this is the best the US can do in space exploration.

      Let's see. How many astronauts have died during any mission vs. miles flown? How many people died exploring the poles? Climbing Everest? During deep-sea exploration? During experimental aircraft test flights? As dirigible passengers? Personally, I'd take my chances on a shuttle flight just as readily as a day on a L.A. freeway. (NASA wouldn't let me on a shuttle, but that's a totally different problem.)

    31. Re:Excellent News! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Woo hoo, my first downward /. mod! And it makes no sense whatsoever! Well, at least we know there's been no decline in the quality of moderator crack.

    32. Re:Excellent News! by AKAImBatman · · Score: 1

      I disagree

      About what? We seem to be saying the same thing. :-)

      Bulk payload (which will comprise most of the mass) can (and likely will) be taken to Mars ahead of time via ion drives, which make even NERVA look inefficient.

      Agreed. But that's not the point of Nuclear Engines. Nuclear Engines are for the craft that have to carry humans who don't have months or years to get to their destination.

      Let's use a moonshot as an example. I did this cost estimate a little while ago to try to find how cost effective it would be to use the shuttle as a lunar vehicle. The problem was less the issue of getting the vehicle bulk into the air, and more of an issue of flying the refueling tanks. The shuttle had so much mass, that it needed a LOT more fuel. However, these figures are also useful for testing better engines. The current figures assume state of the art LHOx engines (similar to those used on the Saturn V). By changing the exhaust velocity to be consistent with nuclear engines, you will find that the number of Delta II flights drop drastically as the fuel requirements drop.

      In other words, nuclear engines make human space transport cheaper by requiring less mass to be boosted into orbit. :-)

      You gain a lot more by reducing surface to LEO costs, because all of your ion-propelled cargo benefits, plus your habicraft gets a lot more bang for its buck than it would by working on improving that 4.7 km/s.

      Which is exactly what I'm saying. Only NASA is trying to reduce the cost of flying via the economies of staging and scale. (Weren't you the one arguing that more small boosters is cheaper than super-boosters?)

      Furthermore, scramjets are not a very expensive new technology. It's hard to find an official estimate, but I ran into a French page which stated that the entire X-43 project was expected to run 230 million dollars.

      The engine is not the issue. As you say, it's pretty darn simple. The issue is the Mach 15 airframe (no such thing yet exists!), the Jet Takeoff System, and the Orbital Approach Boosters. Not to mention the issue of packing these systems into a working and well tested craft. This is very expensive! Certainly far more expensive than the 230 million you quoted.


      Even if scramjets aren't the be-all, end-all of surface to LEO tech, there are a lot of things that have the potential to make major improvements. First off, just building out of better alloys alone would be an incredibly nice shift if you're going for a reusable craft. :) There are lower maintenance engine designs, simplified types of TPS, simplified actuators (self-contained hydraulic and pure electric), and dozens of other things to come out in the past couple decades - and a number of things are on the horizon as well.


      Agreed. But don't you think that these technologies will get far more funding once there is a market? ;-)

    33. Re:Excellent News! by Rei · · Score: 1

      We agree completely about nuclear engines making human space transport more efficient. :) My point, however, is that most of the mass won't be human; it'll be inanimate scientific, base-related, or return-trip supplies, and thus be able to be transported by ion drives. And even in the case of humans, most of the work involved is to get out of Earth's atmosphere-covered gravity well.

      Certainly nuclear propulsion would be a benefit; there's no disputing that. But in terms of scale of benefit, cheaper ways of getting off earth go a lot further.

      The issue is the Mach 15 airframe

      You already need a >Mach 15 airframe for craft reentry - look at the shuttle. The distribution of the TPS is different, of course, but surprisingly not as different as one might expect: the leading edges take a larger percent of the heating on the scramjet but encounter a lower-speed airflow, so it should be about the same thermal load. The underside takes the most intense heating, just like on a shuttle-style craft during reentry, and the upper side doesn't take a difficult to handle amount of heat. But you're right about the costs being in the development of the total system. Nonetheless, I'm optimistic, and given the success of the X-43A, would loved to have seen them continue funding. :) Scramjets have such great potential if the development hurdles can be overcome, it's a shame to see their development pushed back, with the scientists stating that it was due to the vision.

      don't you think that these technologies will get far more funding once there is a market?

      Of course :) However, we've got one of those catch-22s: a market has had a hard time developing because of launch costs, and investment into launch systems has been slow to come without a market. I've seen a number of 3,000$/kg in today's dollars bandied about as the rough level where a lot of new markets suddenly open up, and the industry should be self-sustainable. No easy feat... but I do think it's doable within the next 15-20 years if it is made a high priority goal.

      --
      Pinkypants -- my favorite!
    34. Re:Excellent News! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Is it just me or the CEV looks like a Soyuz repaint?

      You know, Soviet-era capsule... Works mostly fine... Is a lot cheaper then the Shuttle...

    35. Re:Excellent News! by AKAImBatman · · Score: 1

      We agree completely about nuclear engines making human space transport more efficient. :)

      =)

      My point, however, is that most of the mass won't be human; it'll be inanimate scientific, base-related, or return-trip supplies, and thus be able to be transported by ion drives.

      And I'm certainly not disagreeing with you. In fact, I'd say that Ion drives are such a successful technology at the moment, that they are almost considered a given for cargo hauling. The only place where I think they could use improvement is in deriving power from a nuclear power plant. (e.g. Prometheus) That would allow those engines to haul more mass at higher rates of acceleration. Potentially to the point where metric tons of mass could be cheaply shunted around the solar system!

      OTOH, nothing quite beats the efficiency of the Interplanetary Superhighway, so you'll probably start seeing a combination of the two technologies. ;-)

      You already need a >Mach 15 airframe for craft reentry - look at the shuttle.

      Not quite. The thermal load may be similar, but the overall stresses would differ considerably. The shuttle reenters in much thinner atmosphere, and has no thrust to warp its airframe. In addition, the shuttle doesn't actually fly. It drops like a refrigerator, but with enough horizontal velocity to provide for a decent touchdown (at over 200 mph!!!).

      Scramjets have such great potential if the development hurdles can be overcome, it's a shame to see their development pushed back, with the scientists stating that it was due to the vision.

      Indeed. It *should* have been developed in the 90's instead of sinking money into the X-33. The X-33 was a nice idea, but it had far too many "what if?" technologies in it.

    36. Re:Excellent News! by Rei · · Score: 1

      You know what? I think this thread is over, because we're exactly on the same page at this point ;) hehe

      --
      Pinkypants -- my favorite!
    37. Re:Excellent News! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I'll go fix it. Gimme $1,000,000.00, and the stuff you want fixed on it, and I'm off. I'm not guarantee'nt it though.

    38. Re:Excellent News! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      It's the pencil pushers at NASA who largely not in favor of a manned mission

      They're called managers, and they're accountable to a budget. Would you instead prefer a NASA that has an unlimited budget? Unless that's the case, at some point someone has to make decisions on what gets spent where.

      Perhaps you could spare a few hundred billion for NASA out of your own pocket? Some of us tax payers are just plain taxed out.

    39. Re:Excellent News! by muizenkatten · · Score: 1

      What matters is so much the expierence as the fact that when we see it. --- from Alaska.

    40. Re:Excellent News! by CaptainAvatar · · Score: 1
      A reusable capsule solution such as a scaled down Big Gemini

      Wouldn't a scaled-down Big Gemini be just a Gemini? :P

      --
      The real Captain Avatar is a fictional character, so I suppose he doesn't mind if I impersonate him.
    41. Re:Excellent News! by Burandt · · Score: 1

      Turn from any area of yours that you know is right. Yet in the new service hubble and in experience they often do go together. There are many doubts people have in this whole area, the principal one being. We know human nature go he goes on a time. There are some areas in which many people have found this news especially helpful.

  2. There is a better option by waynegoode · · Score: 5, Interesting
    The cost of a mission to repair and service Hubble is estimated at $2 billion. And for that money, it may or may not work. However a new Hubble, Hubble Origins Probe, can be built and launched for $1 billion using the original Hubble designs and new instruments already built as replacements for the current Hubble. It's cheaper, more reliable and less risky.

    From an article in Discover Magazine

    Colin Norman, an astronomer at the Space Telescope Science Institute, notes that NASA has already built two expensive new instruments, the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph and the Wide Field Camera 3, for the cancelled Hubble upgrade. Instead of salvaging the current Hubble, he proposes using the parts to create a replacement, the Hubble Origins Probe.

    Also see the John Hopkins Newsletter.

    1. Re:There is a better option by ThomasFlip · · Score: 5, Funny

      yeah but what you're talking about is fiscal sensibility. I don't think that the United States government (Congress, Senate, Whatever) in all of it's infinite wisdom is prepared to partake in such a common sense approach.

      --
      If the dollar is an "I owe you nothing", then the Euro is a "Who owes you nothing." - Doug Casey
    2. Re:There is a better option by bechthros · · Score: 4, Insightful

      So these two instuments alone can replace all of the existing functionality of Hubble I's instruments? If that is the case then bravo, go for it. But if it means losing the ability to do deep UV astronomy or anything else that Hubble I has proven to be very adept at, I don't think we should skimp out. Hubble has shown itself to have exceeded expectations time and time again, and I think it's well worth the investment. Not to say we should throw money at the problem, but if we can find untold billions for the sake of running to stand still in Iraq then surely there's gotta be a spare 1 billion somewhere we could use to fix something that's been more useful than we expected.

    3. Re:There is a better option by kebes · · Score: 4, Informative

      I think the "better option" that most astrophysicists are looking forward to is the James Webb Telescope. It's a primarily IR-telescope, but in terms of its mission statement it will largely replace what Hubble is doing now. Hubble has already survived longer than originally intended (due to many well-executed repair missions). More years could be squeezed out of Hubble with more repair missions, but if what you want is a brand-new telescope, the James Webb Telescope will keep astronomers busy for many years.

    4. Re:There is a better option by Ohreally_factor · · Score: 3, Insightful

      The thing is, I don't see the people who want to let Hubble die earmarking the funds for a new and improved replacement. The smoke and mirrors of a manned mission to Mars looks good politically because it's so ambitious, but it's causing other important areas to be underfunded or not funded at all.

      --
      It's not offtopic, dumbass. It's orthogonal.
    5. Re:There is a better option by game+kid · · Score: 1

      I like the "new Hubble" idea. If you keep servicing the current Hubble, they'd have to deal with the old technology already there, and surely layer over some of it. I think a new one, if it indeed costs less, would have less of the "onion" effect Hubble will soon have with this and later repairs, and will have much more modern gadgets and transmitters.

      (Side note: It's the Johns Hopkins News-Letter. I don't care much for that, but a satellite-TV-guy-turned-mayor might login to Slashdot and complain about it. Or troll the whole site in grief and desperation by promoting a new Manhattan stadium.)

      --
      You can hold down the "B" button for continuous firing.
    6. Re:There is a better option by Ayaress · · Score: 1

      Not those parts alone. At least, I doubt very much those parts alone. If that were all it would take, it'd probably cost less than $1 billion. It'll take more work to build the replacement, but at an ultimate savings over repairing the current. I doubt they'd leave out functionality that Hubble already has. If they do, they'd probably get a good deal of criticism from the scientific community, and right now, they're one of NASAs increasingly few fans.

      Building a new Hubble would also allow for things that would be difficult to do with the existing one. New instruments, better ones, and so forth. Hubble is being matched by some groundbased observatories now because of advancements in telescope technology. I imagine those advancements, as well as advancements in optics and imaging, if they can be incorporated into a new Hubble, would produce another leap in the quality of data we can collect just like we saw when Hubble was fixed the first time.

      On the other hand, I do agree with you. If they're just going to build a Hubble Lite with castrated capabilities, then I'd rather they let the current one die and wait for a few more years until a completely new space telescope can be built.

    7. Re:There is a better option by khallow · · Score: 1
      On the other hand, I do agree with you. If they're just going to build a Hubble Lite with castrated capabilities, then I'd rather they let the current one die and wait for a few more years until a completely new space telescope can be built.

      Well, actually a "Hubble Lite", if it could be sent up in the near future is probably a lot better than waiting for NASA to come up with a new telescope. NASA has a history of delaying by amazing lengths of time important projects. For example, even now it doesn't have a successor to the Space Shuttle, and it's been working on that since before the Shuttle entered service!

    8. Re:There is a better option by natoochtoniket · · Score: 1

      1. De-orbit the old Hubble.

      2. Launch Hubble-2, at about the same date

      3. Call the combined operation the "Hubble Repair Mission".

      4. Send me the extra billion.

    9. Re:There is a better option by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "It's a primarily IR-telescope, but in terms of its mission statement it will largely replace what Hubble is doing now"

      While it may be attacking the same problems, it's doing so in a different parameter space, and is therefore inherently NOT a replacement for the HST.

    10. Re:There is a better option by Charcharodon · · Score: 1
      Bingo.

      Any orbital device is just a platform anyway. They can build it in such a way that any number of devices could be mounted on it.

      Now as far as dumping the Hubble into the ocean. The the ones screaming the loudest in the science community are the ones that either have a guarenteed time slot for the Hubble or are awaiting their turn and haven't gotten it yet. A new probe would potentially disrupt their cozy little situation and force them to compete for the opportunity to use the new probe or loose their place in line. Sucks for you guys but your parents were supposed to teach you about dealling with dissappointment when you were 5.

      For the sake of the unwashed masses that only want to see pretty pictures and are for the most part just have some minor emotional attachment to it, just name the next probe Hubble II, and make sure the public releases keep coming.

    11. Re:There is a better option by ducomputergeek · · Score: 1
      I have to agree with you on this. The Hubble has done its job and lasted its planned mission duration. If its cheaper to build something new cheaper and at least as good (and from what I've read the newer hubble would be even better due to better technology now that can lighten it up some) I think we need to reconsider fixing the old thing.

      Even if one gets the $2B, why not say the hell with it and then build two new hubbles? Double the amount of research time that can be done.

      There maybe HST nastalgists, and those saying why put more space junk up etc. etc., but Hubble's done a wonderful job at what it was designed to do.

      I much rather see the money spent wisely if its going to be spent.

      --
      "The problem with socialism is eventually you run out of other people's money" - Thatcher.
    12. Re:There is a better option by twiddlingbits · · Score: 1

      I worked on COS and WFC3. The instrument hardware could be reused but they would require extensive software mods which I suspect he didn't include in his costs. Also, unless they want to cripple the "new" HST with old systems hardware there will need to be some redesign done on things like power supplies, gyroscopes,wiring, interfaces, etc. Not to mention any possible systems upgrade as STSI. I see this as a bit of self presevation for STSI because without HST they would have to cut back on staff. I think $1B is WAY too low, like I said in a post the other day NASA Scientists ALWAYS underestimate time and money by at least a factor of 2. Then add NASA BS and finance inefficiencies on top of that and I'd be surprised if it cost less than $4B in the end.

    13. Re:There is a better option by CaptainAvatar · · Score: 1
      The the ones screaming the loudest in the science community are the ones that either have a guarenteed time slot for the Hubble or are awaiting their turn and haven't gotten it yet. A new probe would potentially disrupt their cozy little situation and force them to compete for the opportunity to use the new probe or loose their place in line.

      Don't be an idiot.

      --
      The real Captain Avatar is a fictional character, so I suppose he doesn't mind if I impersonate him.
    14. Re:There is a better option by Charcharodon · · Score: 1
      I reserve the right to be an idiot and to point out others who are being one as well.

      Don't believe me go read a few journals and see who the big opponents in the science community are. They just happen to be the same scientists that having been dipping into the Hubble fountain for a while now.

    15. Re:There is a better option by CaptainAvatar · · Score: 1
      You have no idea what you are talking about. Nobody can "loose their place in line" because Hubble time is allocated in yearly cycles: time for the 2005-6 cycle hasn't been allocated yet. So it's not like it's all booked out to 2012 or whenever, and those astronomers who have been given time have a vested interest in keeping Hubble alive, whereas everybody else doesn't care.

      I don't know what kind of bizarro world you live in, where Hubble time is some kind of status symbol that rich, lazy fatcats have a monopoly on and use to lord it over the rest of us poor slobs, but back in the real world most Hubble time is awarded on a basis of merit, and anyone can get it if they have a good enough proposal.

      Disclaimer: I have a master's degree in astrophysics and actually know people who apply for and get Hubble time. So I am unfortunately constrained in this discussion by actually knowing something about the subject.

      --
      The real Captain Avatar is a fictional character, so I suppose he doesn't mind if I impersonate him.
    16. Re:There is a better option by Charcharodon · · Score: 1
      I see you master's degree and raise you a Dr in BS. Seeing this is a chat site and doesn't actually mean anything to anyone, no reason to start spouting off degrees real or imagined.

      I will acknowledge that merit does occassionally mean something in this world, but to say it's the only thing factored then you my friend are living in the same world you claim that I'm inhabiting. I've spent enough time in the achedemic community to know that it is just as or more full of shit as people are anywhere else. The good ol' boy (and girl)network is alive and well. Who you know and having influence/opportunity (aka $$'s) goes a long way, much further that merit at times.

      I might suggest a few psyc classes to round out your education it seems to be lacking a bit else you would realized a few things.

      One being rude will never win you an argument or change people minds.

      Two acting superior by waving a degree in someone's face, less one you can pick up in your spare time taking evening classes (get it evening classes?), will gain you nothing but scorn. Here let me throw mine out there too. Associates in Aero Science, Pro Aero Bachlor's, working on my Master's in Space Ops, Private Pilot's license soon to start on my commercial rating, and let's not forgot the most important ones, my 3 scuba certifications. Hmmm so what does that all mean?....not a whole hell of a lot.

      To be honest I have no background in astronomy shy of reading here and there, but unlike you and all your Master's degree has done for you, I know when someone is baiting me on purpose, and the simple truth that the Hubble is going to end up in the Pacific sooner than later unless something drastically changes in the next year or two.

      But that's ok, the Hubble accomplished it's real mission, it got people interested again. If you would get a clue you'd realize that. You'd also realize that with all this new interest it will be easy for them to get the money to build you a shiny new toy to play with, and that my friend is what I'm looking forward to. If they just keep nursing all the old programs along what am I ever going to get out of this Space Ops degree I'm wasting all my time on?

    17. Re:There is a better option by CaptainAvatar · · Score: 1
      There is little in that long post which attempts to refute what I said, nor do you give any evidence for your original claim. Do you stand by it or not?

      I didn't wave my masters (which, btw, was a full-time research degree, not a matter of a few evening classes) around to make you feel inferior. I mentioned it here because it's relevant to the discussion at hand - it shows that I have some experience in the astronomy world, so I have some basis for my statements. You don't, yet you quite confidently make claims about astronomers and their motivations for wanting to keep Hubble operating.

      I know when someone is baiting me on purpose

      I'm not baiting you. You said something that was wrong. I told you why. How is that baiting?

      the Hubble accomplished it's real mission, it got people interested again

      Er, no, its real mission is to explore the Universe in ways not possible from the ground. Which it has done amazingly well. (The discovery that the expansion of the Universe is actually accelerating - aka dark energy - being only one example.) Which is why astronomers want to keep it operating until a replacement can be built. (And the JWST is only a partial replacement.)

      You'd also realize that with all this new interest it will be easy for them to get the money to build you a shiny new toy to play with, and that my friend is what I'm looking forward to.

      With that space ops degree you're getting, surely you realise just how long it would take to fund, design, build and launch a similar space telescope. Hubble took well over a decade. JWST the better part of one.

      If they just keep nursing all the old programs along what am I ever going to get out of this Space Ops degree I'm wasting all my time on?

      So astronomers are selfish for wanting to hang on to Hubble, but it's ok for you to want to ditch it because you want a job one day?

      --
      The real Captain Avatar is a fictional character, so I suppose he doesn't mind if I impersonate him.
  3. Too bad Barbra won't pick up the tab by selectspec · · Score: 0, Offtopic

    Great. Have Barbra pay for it.

    --

    Someone you trust is one of us.

  4. Cool by TheKidWho · · Score: 1

    But I really think we would be better off with a new more powerful telescope.

    1. Re:Cool by lgw · · Score: 2, Interesting

      There's one in the works, but there will be a few years between Hubbble going dark and the new guy going up. The cost of delaying all work in an entire field for a few years is higher than servicing the Hubble.

      --
      Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
    2. Re:Cool by Guardiany2k · · Score: 1

      Stick to what works I say! Although Hubble is aging it works, unlike most of NASAs failed projects.

      --
      "My software never has bugs, it just develops random features" Project Leader http://www.linuxportal.org
  5. He can pay for it himself! by Bob_Robertson · · Score: 0, Troll

    Someone takes my money at gun point to pay for something THEY want, they're a thief. ...or a politician. Same thing.

    If the Senator wants Hubble serviced, he can join or start a voluntary organization to do exactly that. And, funny thing, I'd likely contribute to it too.

    Bob-

    --
    The Ludwig von Mises Institute. The reasoning individuals economics
    1. Re:He can pay for it himself! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Funny

      The Senator is a woman.

      Yup, they allow that these days.

      Worst of all, they're paying her with YOUR MONEY.

      Which they took it "at gun point", I'm sure.

    2. Re:He can pay for it himself! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Taxes are confiscated at gun point. Just try and not pay them for a while, and see how long it is until the gubmint takes everything you have and throws you in jail.

    3. Re:He can pay for it himself! by bechthros · · Score: 1

      Somebody already tried that, eventually his family just paid his taxes for him.

      Incidentally, the reason he didn't pay them was that he chose to not support an unjustified war of agression led by a president of questionable mental ability. Gee, why does that sound familiar?

      And you do know you can disenfranchise yourself form the government, right? Never pay taxes again, if you don't want. I await the joyous news of your disenfranchisement, AC.

      Of all the things you could complain about your taxes being wasted on, I can't see why the Hubble would be at the top of the list. I really can't.

    4. Re:He can pay for it himself! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Way to toe the herd line, Slashbot! BUSH DUMB...ME SMART. WAR BAD...HIPPIES GOOD. Let's see your degree from Yale. Let's see you rise above the top teacher's assistant at Podunk Community College. Jesus you idiots are annoying. Go die.

    5. Re:He can pay for it himself! by bechthros · · Score: 1

      I can't help but notice you haven't disenfranchised yourself. I'm waiting.

    6. Re:He can pay for it himself! by QMO · · Score: 1

      Perhaps you forget that the Senator does belong to a voluntary organization that includes Hubble repair as one of its jobs.
      In order to be a senator in the US Congress one needs to be a US citizen. Such citizenship is voluntary. Such citizenship implies a willingness to abide by the rules (read "laws, including tax laws") of the organization, and a willingness to try to improve the rules.

      The fact that many of us choose not to live by this implied agreement doesn't mean that the agreement doesn't exist.

      I am personally in favor of most rules that fund space science and exploration.

      --
      Exam 4/C again. Maybe I'll do better this time.
  6. I want to know why... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Senator's don't usually care this much about what is essentially a technology budgeting decision. Who's got her ear, and why?

    1. Re:I want to know why... by Morgon · · Score: 2, Informative

      Well, it's because Goddard is in Maryland, and nixing Hubble puts a lot of those workers out of jobs.

      I believe that was summarized in one of the previous stories about Hubble on Slashdot.

      --
      [DISCLAIMER: This post is a work of satire and should not be misconstrued as a holy text upon which to base a religion.]
    2. Re:I want to know why... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Any connection between JHU and the telescope? Follow the money.

    3. Re:I want to know why... by bechthros · · Score: 5, Insightful

      In other words, a Senator is representing the interests of her constituants. Horror of horrors. Perish the thought.

    4. Re:I want to know why... by Overzeetop · · Score: 1

      It's more about contituents. Goddard SFC is in Maryland, and there are a lot of folks who work for (or contract to) Goddard. It's just politics.

      --
      Is it just my observation, or are there way too many stupid people in the world?
    5. Re:I want to know why... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I met her while she was touring the Lunar and Planetary lab at the University of Arizona around the time of the Magellan mission. She seems to be very interested in technology and space exploration. Every senator has their private interests and hobbies.

    6. Re:I want to know why... by hey! · · Score: 1

      Well, the Space Telescope Science Intitute is in Baltimore, and IIRC she's the senator from Maryland.

      Granted, it's not like having the old mill shut down and put several thousand workers out on the street, but no doubt a number of high paying jobs will be lost or moved. Also prestige and tourism that comes from it are affected.

      That said, as a Democrat, I have a bit more tolerance for spending taxpayer money on scientific research than most of my Republican friends. Not all of them mind you, but most.

      --
      Post may contain irony: discontinue use if experiencing mood swings, nausea or elevated blood pressure.
    7. Re:I want to know why... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Not that I want to defend the Senator, but it was Congress that instructed NASA to do this.
      "Congress, in passing an omnibus spending bill late last year, directed NASA to set aside $291 million of its 2005 budget to spend planning and preparing for a servicing mission to Hubble by 2008."

    8. Re:I want to know why... by Politburo · · Score: 1

      Who's got her ear, and why?

      *Gasp* It's her constituents! How dare they!

    9. Re:I want to know why... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Why? Just so I could hear about it from some pedantic jackass I've never met and couldn't care less about.

      Isn't that why everyone doe's it?

    10. Re:I want to know why... by CXI · · Score: 1

      Ok, let's see... So it's perfectly ok to waste money as long as it's wasted in the name of representative democracy, irregardless of the actual facts behind the issue. Right. Good plan. Let me know how that works out for you.

    11. Re:I want to know why... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      thats why i doe's it.

    12. Re:I want to know why... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Let me know when you can spell "regardless" right and I'll get right back with you.

    13. Re:I want to know why... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      *Gasp* It's her constituents! How dare they!

      No, the question was, "Why dare they?" I don't mind constituents petitioning or lobbying politicians at all. I also don't feel that curiousity about who they are or what their motives are is unhealthy, inappropriate, or ignorant.

      Why do you?

    14. Re:I want to know why... by Makoss · · Score: 1

      That's kind of the point of a democracy, acting upon the will of the people. Nowhere in the definition of democracy does it state that the people are going to be well informed and want useful things done with their money.

      Sad, but true. A democracy full of stupid people is a stupid democracy.

      --
      Building a better backup.
      Zettabyte Storage
    15. Re:I want to know why... by bechthros · · Score: 1

      "Irregardless" isn't a word. You probably meant either "irrespective" or "regardless".

      And I said very plainly earlier that I don't think the solution is throwing money at the problem indiscriminately. However, given the choice between throwing billions and billions and billions at Iraq, or throwing ONE billion at the Hubble, my priorities are clear.

      If you're so well-informed, why don't you educate us all as to what part of "the actual facts behind the issue" wasn't covered in today's discussion.

    16. Re:I want to know why... by ArtStone · · Score: 1

      And it is the other members of the Senate's job to represent their constituants - by -not- spending the money unless it is a good idea on its own merit.

      Last time I checked, Ms. Mikulski is a member of the minority party in the Senate, so for her opinion to prevail, she will need to convince some Republicans to her point of view.

      She voted against S256 (Bankruptcy reform) this week - so if she wants to get her way, she might think about acting in a more bipartisan manner... or follow in the footsteps of Senator Sarbanes and announce her retirement.

      --
      Final 2006 "Proof of Global Warming" US Hurricane Count -> 0
    17. Re:I want to know why... by bechthros · · Score: 1

      "And it is the other members of the Senate's job to represent their constituants - by -not- spending the money unless it is a good idea on its own merit."

      Actually, by not spending the money unless their constituents agree that it's a good idea. Which is exactly what I said here. Or didn't you read the rest of the thread?

      "Last time I checked, Ms. Mikulski is a member of the minority party in the Senate, so for her opinion to prevail, she will need to convince some Republicans to her point of view."

      Um, last time I checked, the Senate had already voted to spend this money on Hubble. All Senator BM (heh) was saying was that NASA should stop pussyfooting around and do what all of Congress had already told it to do. In fact, that point was also made in this thread here. But wait, let me guess - you didn't read the rest of the thread.

      But hey, don't let me stop you from going off half-cocked. The old right-wing rake-in-the-face is always so entertaining.

      "She voted against S256 (Bankruptcy reform) this week"

      I knew I liked her.

      "or follow in the footsteps of Senator Sarbanes and announce her retirement."

      Heh. I chuckle at your lame attempt at conflating a healthy democracy with one-party rule. Just remember, as you're busy advocating the wholesale dismantling of checks and balances, that one day the shoe can and will be on the other foot.

    18. Re:I want to know why... by Big_Al_B · · Score: 1

      Interesting...One of us wears the label of coward systemically, and the other characteristically.

      I'm still curious why you think curiosity is ignorant.

  7. Understanding risk by waynegoode · · Score: 4, Informative
    The shuttles are no more dangerous now then they were for the earlier two decades they've been in service

    The problems is not that they are more dangrerous now. They have always been this dangerous. It is just that now the danger is better understood. Ignoring risk does not make it go away.

    That said, I am not against using a manned (sorry, crewed) mission to repair the Hubble if that is the best option. In any case, the risks needed to be understood, reduced as much as possible and accepted or rejected; not just ignored.

    1. Re:Understanding risk by AKAImBatman · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Space travel has always been dangerous, PERIOD. Astronauts have always known that everytime they strap themselves in, there's a reasonable chance that they won't be coming back. Apollo 1 made that point real clear, and the Challenger incident further punctuated the point. The only comfort the astronauts have is that we will do everything in our power to get them home if something goes wrong. (e.g. Apollo 13)

      As I said, there's no shortage of volunteers who fully understand the risks they are taking. So fly the damn space shuttle for something USEFUL, and keep our bird in the air.

      You can't take the sky from me...

    2. Re:Understanding risk by Jerk+City+Troll · · Score: 3, Interesting

      The only comfort the astronauts have is that we will do everything in our power to get them home if something goes wrong.

      And if we can't get them home, they carry 150mg doses of KCn to make things easier in the end. No doubt, astronauts fully understand what they are getting into: a personal sacrifice in the name of science.

    3. Re:Understanding risk by Short+Circuit · · Score: 1

      Paying attention to risk doesn't make it go away either. What matters is, the job must be done.

    4. Re:Understanding risk by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      WTF? KCn doesn't exist. Maybe you mean potassium cyanide a.k.a KCN? And then, KCN isn't a nice way of dying - why would they use such an archaic method?

    5. Re:Understanding risk by T-Ranger · · Score: 2, Informative

      And, in fact, the safety record of the Shuttle is better then was was expected. Risk assesement was done (or risk was a defined requirement) then the programme started. The shuttle has been safer then what was pre-deteremend to be acceptable.

    6. Re:Understanding risk by sremick · · Score: 1, Interesting

      And if we can't get them home, they carry 150mg doses of KCn to make things easier in the end.

      I wasn't aware of this, and wanted to read more about it but couldn't find anything. Do you have any references?

    7. Re:Understanding risk by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Interesting

      Agreed. KCN might be used by a covert agent where having an extremely deadly but stable poison in a very small package would be useful, but the astronauts have none of those worries. I couldn't pull up any references on suicide methods they send up with them, but I would be sure it wouldn't be any cyanide, arsenic, azide or any other metabolic poison like that. A nerve agent would be far less painful and just as deadly.

    8. Re:Understanding risk by twiddlingbits · · Score: 0, Offtopic

      I have never heard of this, I think it's bogus as all get out. Probably a troll.

    9. Re:Understanding risk by jbridge21 · · Score: 0, Offtopic

      This actually shows up in the movie Contact, although that's not a real reference.

    10. Re:Understanding risk by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
      NASA: Need Another Seven Astronauts

      I'm glad I resigned...

    11. Re:Understanding risk by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      They don't, actually. Cyanide is too painful and slow-acting (those executed via inhalation of cyanide gas tend to remain conscious for a measurable period of time, and typically die between ten and twenty minutes after administration). It would be faster to decompress the cabin.

    12. Re:Understanding risk by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      sicko

    13. Re:Understanding risk by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I like your ideas. Perhaps we can put this one to work at Abu Ghraib. Slowly depressurize a prison cell until the occupant confesses or dies. Of course we wouldn't depressurize all the way... just so that the last 8 hours of his or her life is excrutiating.

      Oh, then we use the cyanide.

    14. Re:Understanding risk by hplasm · · Score: 0

      I am afraid that further information on this type of thing is restricted in case you are Australian. Sorry.

      --
      ...and he grinned, like a fox eating shit out of a wire brush.
    15. Re:Understanding risk by Dashing+Leech · · Score: 1
      And, in fact, the safety record of the Shuttle is better then was was expected.

      Do you have a reference on this? I have been told (by NASA engineers) that the shuttle risk was supposed to be 1/67. They've now had two losses in just over 100 flights. Sounds like they are just slightly less safe than was expected.

    16. Re:Understanding risk by jesterzog · · Score: 1

      Space travel has always been dangerous, PERIOD. Astronauts have always known that everytime they strap themselves in, there's a reasonable chance that they won't be coming back. Apollo 1 made that point real clear, and the Challenger incident further punctuated the point.

      These are certainly true facts, but I think they're missing the point a little. NASA and the government would almost certainly support sending up shuttles with life-risking astronauts if they thought that the public would support it. But the public doesn't support it, or at least not in the way you might think they do.

      The major differences with what you've cited are that those were missions that people saw as being very important. Apollo was all about beating the Russians during the cold war, and the public were prepared to risk some lives if it was necessary. Challenger was in 1986 -- the shuttle was relatively new and it wasn't realised just how dangerous it was. Many people would have thought (or hoped) that it was a one-off.

      With this situation, however, we're talking about a routine on-going government-supported day-to-day program where one in fifty missions fails and everyone dies. I don't know the exact number, but it's more than one percent and that may just be because we've been lucky for all we know.

      Unless there's something at stake that involves patriotism on a wartime scale, it's always going to be tough to convince people to pour billions of dollars into something that's openly known to have such a dismal safety record, especially when the perceived return is dubious (keep in mind that for better or worse, most people don't prioritise science). Every time a shuttle is destroyed, everyone will ask the same questions over again, wondering why they're funding such a monstrosity.

    17. Re:Understanding risk by turgid · · Score: 1
      Of course we wouldn't depressurize all the way... just so that the last 8 hours of his or her life is excrutiating.

      Actually, that's not what happens. As pressure falls and so the amount of available oxygen, the victim goes into a kind of a hysterical stupour laughing at everything. Sounds like fun to me! I'm going to die! Hahahahahahahh!

      Well, if you saw Jeremy Clarkson in the RAF training thingymabob that's what happened to him.

  8. Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by reallocate · · Score: 5, Interesting

    It's worth remembering the Mikulski's motives aren't driven by pure science. Goddard and other Hubble-related facilities are in Maryland. This is a pork barrel and jobs issue for her.

    And for those who argue that repairing Hubble now is no riskier than in the past, you're missing the point. Every Shuttle flight is risky and Hubble repair missions are even riskier because rendevousing with Hubble means no chance of taking reguge at the ISS and slim to zero chance of rescue by a second Shuttle.

    Loss of a Shuttle during a Hubble repair mission would have political repercussions that woujld likely kill the Shuttle program and, possibly, kill any further crewed spaceflight of any kind. The Hubble is a nice tool, but the purpose of space travel is to put people there, not to do science. Fixing it isn't worth the risk.

    --
    -- Slashdot: When Public Access TV Says "No"
    1. Re:Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by AKAImBatman · · Score: 4, Interesting

      It's worth remembering the Mikulski's motives aren't driven by pure science. Goddard and other Hubble-related facilities are in Maryland. This is a pork barrel and jobs issue for her.

      Another poster addressed that point here.

      And for those who argue that repairing Hubble now is no riskier than in the past, you're missing the point. Every Shuttle flight is risky and Hubble repair missions are even riskier because rendevousing with Hubble means no chance of taking reguge at the ISS and slim to zero chance of rescue by a second Shuttle.

      The Shuttles were designed with hot-standby in mind. If the powers that be are THAT worried (which I'm not, we've done this several times before without incident) then get a second, unfueled shuttle on the pad. If something goes wrong, you have a day or two of turnaround. If everything goes fine, then the second shuttle will complete the next mission (probably IIS work). If possible, use the Endevour for servicing the Hubble. Not only is it newer and a bit sturdier, but it carries the extended mission, life support equipment just in case the astronauts have to cool their heels for a week or two while waiting for a rescue.

      Loss of a Shuttle during a Hubble repair mission would have political repercussions that woujld likely kill the Shuttle program and, possibly, kill any further crewed spaceflight of any kind.

      As sad as I am about it, the shuttle is dead. I see little chance that it will be flying for much longer. My only hope is that it hangs on long enough to push for the new launch technologies.

    2. Re:Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by bechthros · · Score: 4, Insightful

      "This is a pork barrel and jobs issue for her."

      Can you please explain to me why a Senator representing her constituants who, like most of us, want jobs, is a BAD thing? Isn't that why they're elected, to represent their constituants?

      "Every Shuttle flight is risky"

      Sure, just like every airplane landing is risky, just like crossing the street is risky. Most of them are former test pilots, so you'll have a hard time convincing me that the astronauts aren't willing to accept those risks. The fact that it's risky doesn't mean it istn't worth it.

      Not to mention that the safety record of shuttle flights far exceeds what was expected. I remember NASA saying when Challenger blew up that we were very overdue for just such an incident, and it was a fluke that one hadn't happened sooner. Not to say that more shuttles should blow up, but the safety record of shuttle flights is exemplary.

      "but the purpose of space travel is to put people there, not to do science."

      Why must there be only one purpose for space travel? And what exactly do you think these "people" we "put there" are going to do, sit around and play pinochle? No, the people that went to the moon did science once they got there. So will the people we eventually send to Mars. Scientific research is a very valid purpose for space flight.

    3. Re:Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Speaking of pork, aren't manned missions run out of Houston?

    4. Re:Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by UWC · · Score: 2, Funny
      And what exactly do you think these "people" we "put there" are going to do, sit around and play pinochle?

      I propose an ongoing ISS experiment testing the effects of freefall on pinochle games.

    5. Re:Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by Animats · · Score: 1
      the safety record of shuttle flights is exemplary.

      Compared to what? So far, the Shuttle has killed 14 people in two crashes. Apollo lost three people in a ground test, of course, but nobody in flight. Mercury and Gemini never lost any. Soyuz had two fatal accidents, killing four people.

    6. Re:Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by bechthros · · Score: 1

      Two crashes out of 112 flights is not a bad ratio, at least according to NASA, who anticipated something much higher. Of course, I'd love to see it be zero, but then I'd love world peace too... Apollo, Mercury and Gemini all had much much lower numbers of flights. The percentage of exploded shuttles is 1.79%. Apply that to, for example, Apollo's 17 flights (I only remember cuz of the They Might Be Giants album "apollo 18", the one that never happened) and you'll see that Apollo should have had 1/3 of a mission explode - which is basically what happened. Apollo 13 almost did. And let's not forget that ground test.

      I couldn't find a percentage for, say, automobile accidents on the Jersey Turnpike, but I wouldn't be surprised if its safety record is worse than the shuttles. 98.3% is a pretty good success rate IMHO. The high number of deaths results from the fact that the shuttle can carry 7-10 astronauts as opposed to three to four in older, more traditional "rocket" spaceships.

    7. Re:Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by j1mmy · · Score: 1

      Yes, it's a bad thing. You're talking about forcing an agency to spend tens of millions of taxpayer dollars to ensure the employment of some of her constituents. What about the taxpayers contributing those dollars? Maybe they'd like that money back? I certainly would.

      I have no problem with a Senator doing something to support her constituents, but when it has a cost that must be shouldered by third parties, it's not a valid action.

      The government doesn't exist to support jobs anymore than it does to support scientific research.

    8. Re:Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by reallocate · · Score: 1

      The Shuttles were designed with hot-standby in mind.

      What? It takes months to get a Shuttle prepared for launch. The only way to launch two Shuttles within a few weeks of each other is to begin launch preparations for both at the same time, months earlier. Remember, the Shuttle is not an operational vehicle. It has always remained a developmental and experimental vehiecle.

      If the powers that be are THAT worried (which I'm not, we've done this several times before without incident)...

      The fact is that we've lost one-half of the Shuttle fleet to catastrophic accidents. Whether or not we escaped disaster on previous Hubble missions is irrelevant today because the political climate surrounding the Shuttle program changed with the Columbia disaster.

      As sad as I am about it, the shuttle is dead. I see little chance that it will be flying for much longer. My only hope is that it hangs on long enough to push for the new launch technologies.

      You must have missed the news that there is a schedule for the Shuttle's decommissioning. My point is that another Shuttle launch would kill that program immediately. (Beyond that, I'd argue that the Shuttle, as designed a flown, has always been a pointless and missionless exercise. We built a truck but didn't pick a destination.)

      --
      -- Slashdot: When Public Access TV Says "No"
    9. Re:Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by reallocate · · Score: 1

      Can you please explain to me why a Senator representing her constituants who, like most of us, want jobs, is a BAD thing?

      I didn't say it was a bad thing. In fact, I didn't venture an opinion about her motives at all. If I was a Senator from Maryland, I would take the same position. ...you'll have a hard time convincing me that the astronauts aren't willing to accept those risks.

      The issue is political in nature. What an astronaut is willing to do isn't relevant.

      The safety record of shuttle flights is exemplary.

      No, it isn't. The safety record of the Shuttle is far worse than what would be acceptable for any military aircraft. The Shuttle has never been reliable enough to become operational. It has always, and will always, be an experimental vehicle.

      Scientific research is a very valid purpose for space flight.

      Science is a reason, in the same sense that science was done in North America after the European migration. But the real motives for that migration had little, if anything, to do with science. Likewise, the reasons to put people in space, ultimately, have little to do with doing science. Science, wonderful science, will be done there, but it will be done by people.

      --
      -- Slashdot: When Public Access TV Says "No"
    10. Re:Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by srussell · · Score: 1
      Can you please explain to me why a Senator representing her constituants who, like most of us, want jobs, is a BAD thing? Isn't that why they're elected, to represent their constituants?

      I don't think it is a bad thing, per se, but consider the logic: Senator X votes for Congress to spend $10bn digging a big hole in the ground in her state. The only use for this hole is that next year, she'll vote for another $10bn to fill it back in again.

      This will provide needed jobs and income for her state. It'll help the state's economy. And it'll all be paid for with taxes that would otherwise be needlessly spent on programs such as public education -- or police funding, or national healthcare, or a new Hubble telescope... pick your favorite program.

      What's wrong with this? Nothing; she's just representing her constituents (who -- since this money is also coming out of their taxes -- are also paying for it). However, one could argue that there are more constructive ways of spending that money, even in her own state.

      I don't know much about the Hubble issue, but I do take exception to the argument that, just because a Senator is working on behalf of her constituents, she can do no wrong.

      --- SER

    11. Re:Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by twiddlingbits · · Score: 1

      IIRC there is only 1 pad at KSC they can use for HST launches and they have a couple weeks R&R after each launch to get ready for the next one. A 30 day turnaround is about the minumum. And KSC does NOT have the manpower to get TWO STS missions ready at one time. The RTF commission looked at this option and decided it was not feasible. Also, if there was a problem on Shuttle A then there is a strong likliehood it will also occur on Shuttle B (rescue mission) thus you just lost TWO Shuttles. Until you know what went wrong on Shuttle A it is insane to launch a rescue mission!

    12. Re:Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by AKAImBatman · · Score: 1

      Yes, it's a bad thing. You're talking about forcing an agency to spend tens of millions of taxpayer dollars to ensure the employment of some of her constituents.

      No, we're talking about a Senator outright telling an agency to get off their sorry behinds and deliver what ALL OF CONGRESS gave them money to do. Congress doesn't just budget money to budget money. They give money only for an explicit need that has been brought to their attention. If that money is not spent (and/or not spent as it was intended), then you can bet that congress is going to get hopping mad.

      It's a bit like if the military proposed a billion dollar budget to congress to begin refurbishing a carrier with modern technology in order to provide for our defense. Congress agrees with the reasons and allocates the money. Then 10 months later, they find out that the military "decided not to that project" and instead decided to use the money to blow up and scuttle that carrier. I don't know about you, but Congress would certainly be mad as a hornet's nest about something like that.

    13. Re:Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by reallocate · · Score: 1

      Even if a second pad was available for HST launches, plus the needed ground crew, and you stood up and prepped a second Shuttle on that pad as a standby rescue mission, what happens when the first flight goes off without a hitch? All of a sudden, you've got a Shuttle on the pad with no mission.

      Discounting the testosterone-laden bravado that shows up everytime /. runs one of these Hubble stories, the proper way to do space flight is to build reliable spacecraft, not vehicles that are so unreliable that you need to consider outlandish and foolish options like flying a second vehicle in case the first one goes belly up.

      --
      -- Slashdot: When Public Access TV Says "No"
    14. Re:Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by tsotha · · Score: 1
      Can you please explain to me why a Senator representing her constituants who, like most of us, want jobs, is a BAD thing? Isn't that why they're elected, to represent their constituants?

      Because she's representing the interests of her constituents at the expense of other taxpayers. In a perfect world, all these kinds of decisions would be based on the science and what's practical. Of course, that isn't the world we live in, but that doesn't make it "OK". The economy is running well enough that the government doesn't need to create make-work jobs with federal funds.

      Now, having said that, I will say if Congress has allocated funds to fix Hubble, by law that's how NASA must spend them.

    15. Re:Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by iminplaya · · Score: 1

      Apollo 18, 19, and 20 were Skylab missions, no? Apollo 21 was Apollo-Soyuz in '75?

      98.3% is a pretty good success rate IMHO.

      In experimental vehicles perhaps. In everyday life out side of a Las Vegas casino, it's unacceptable. Do that math. Imagine if we lost almost 2% of our airline flights.

      --
      What?
    16. Re:Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by multiplexo · · Score: 1
      Loss of a Shuttle during a Hubble repair mission would have political repercussions that woujld likely kill the Shuttle program and, possibly, kill any further crewed spaceflight of any kind. The Hubble is a nice tool, but the purpose of space travel is to put people there, not to do science. Fixing it isn't worth the risk.

      And how would losing a shuttle during any other kind of mission not have political repercussions? Also if the purpose of space travel is to put people there then what the fuck has NASA done lately? They've put people into low earth orbit, big fucking deal, whoo hoo, low earth orbit. Yeah, we're going to learn a lot orbiting 250 miles above our home planet. Yeah, that's exploration, boldly orbiting where lots of men have orbited before.

      --
      cheap labor conservatives - they want to keep you hungry enough to be thankful for minimum wage.
    17. Re:Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by twiddlingbits · · Score: 1

      No disagreement here. A minor point that the 2nd Shuttle could standby loaded for a Mission but it would have to be unloaded for Rescue, or vice versa. It's really not a good option at all.

    18. Re:Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by reallocate · · Score: 1

      ...how would losing a shuttle during any other kind of mission not have political repercussions?

      Of course, it would. That's the point: Hubble missions are the riskiest missions and the missions least likely to be rescued. It's a judgement call, and my judgement is that it is not worth risking the entire human space program to attempt repairs on an aging satellite as it nears obsolescence. ...if the purpose of space travel is to put people there then what the fuck has NASA done lately?

      The Shuttle is only capable of LEO missions (including to Hubble, which is also in LEO). For more than 3 decades, NASA has had no means of sending people beyond LEO. It lacks those means because no administration since the 1960's has been willing to give it that kind of mission and to fund it appropriately.

      --
      -- Slashdot: When Public Access TV Says "No"
    19. Re:Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by bechthros · · Score: 1

      " Apollo 18, 19, and 20 were Skylab missions, no? Apollo 21 was Apollo-Soyuz in '75?"

      nope.

      "Imagine if we lost almost 2% of our airline flights."

      Right, but the people getting on these airline flights aren't test pilots who understand and have accepted the risk. Going into space, not to mention to the moon, is fundamentally different from flying in an airplane and entails more risk simply because we don't do it as much. If we had as many moon missions as commercial flights I'm sure the safety record would be much better.

    20. Re:Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by bechthros · · Score: 1

      "What about the taxpayers contributing those dollars?"

      Well then, obviously they should contact their elected representatives and have them try and outvote Barbara M. But she's doing her job. You act as though the vocal support of one Senator can dictate policy for all of the American space program.

      "Maybe they'd like that money back?"

      Yes, I know, everybody wants a tax cut, IT professionals just don't make enough money, I'm sure your kids go without food some nights. Nobody wants a benefit cut, though.

      I've decided I want my tax dollars that pay for the portion of NORAD that protects the airspace over your house, the law enforcement agencies in your state, county and municipality, your fire department, and the schools you or your kids go to, back. It's my money right?

      If you don't want to pay taxes in America you have two options. a) emigrate. b) disenfranchise yourself from the government and never pay taxes again. But if you decide, as I have, that you consider the benefits of living in the country with the best standard of living and most powerful military to be worth the price of the 14th highest tax rate in the world, the least you can do is quit bitching. You're living in the best house on the block for the price of the 14th best house on the block. But somehow you're paying too much.

      "I have no problem with a Senator doing something to support her constituents, but when it has a cost that must be shouldered by third parties, it's not a valid action."

      By that logic no elected representative would ever do anything, because everything that gets done at the Federal level affects some "third party". I don't see you refusing to peruse any information provided by Hubble in moral outrage.

    21. Re:Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by bechthros · · Score: 1

      "No, it isn't. The safety record of the Shuttle is far worse than what would be acceptable for any military aircraft."

      Right, but like I said to somebody else, aircraft fly far more frequently and under far less stressful conditions than space flights. There have been 112 shuttle flights EVER. There are MANY more military flights than that every DAY. If we flew as many shuttle space flights as military airplane flights, I'm sure the safety record would reflect our greater practice and experience with space travel. We've already learned a lot from the two major disasters that the shuttle program has had.

      "The Shuttle has never been reliable enough to become operational."

      ?!?! The space shuttle has been operational 112 times, according to NASA.

      "Science is a reason,"

      In the history of American space flight, there has been precisely ONE reason other than scientific research that we've ever made any space flights, and that was to beat the Russians to the moon, and that hasn't been an issue since 1969. What do you think they do on the ISS, play pinochle? Just sit around, to further your supposed purpose of "just putting people there?" No, they do scientific research. Since the moon landing, scientfic research has been the SOLE purpose of American space flight, and it was at least half of the reason for the moon landings too.

      "in the same sense that science was done in North America after the European migration."

      You're comparing space flight to emigration?! News flash - there's no such thing as space colonists (yet). As soon as there is, you'll have a valid point, but there's not. Beyond the first moon landing, there has not been a single space mission ever that wasn't solely scientific in nature.

    22. Re:Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by bechthros · · Score: 1

      "What's wrong with this? Nothing; she's just representing her constituents"

      But what you overlook is that there are 99 other Senators who represent THEIRS as well. This is why they do things like... VOTE.

      "However, one could argue that there are more constructive ways of spending that money, even in her own state."

      One could also make that argument about every government expenditure ever. There's always gonna be a better or worse course we could have taken, but at some point you gotta shit or get off the pot and do the best you can.

      "I don't know much about the Hubble issue, but I do take exception to the argument that, just because a Senator is working on behalf of her constituents, she can do no wrong."

      I never said she could do no wrong, I said she was doing her job. If America wanted the Hubble completely defunded, they'd all tell their elected representatives to vote against it, and it wouldn't matter WHAT she said, cuz the vote in the Senate would be 99 to 1.

      This is called "Representative Democracy", maybe you've heard of it.

    23. Re:Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by bechthros · · Score: 1

      "Because she's representing the interests of her constituents at the expense of other taxpayers."

      Which makes her different from every other Senator...how?

      "In a perfect world, all these kinds of decisions would be based on the science and what's practical."

      But in the imperfect world we have, the best we can do is have our representatives vote on it, and the most popular viewpoint wins. Theoretically.

      "The economy is running well enough that the government doesn't need to create make-work jobs with federal funds."

      If you honestly consider the Hubble program to be for no other purpose than creating jobs to waste taxpayer money, I'm not sure you can be reasoned with. This isn't ditch-digging or hole-filling, this is the bleeding edge of astronomy.

      "Now, having said that, I will say if Congress has allocated funds to fix Hubble, by law that's how NASA must spend them."

      Well then we agree. In fact, that's all Senator BM (heh) was saying in the first place.

    24. Re:Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by j1mmy · · Score: 1

      Congress doesn't just budget money to budget money.

      I'm not sure you understand American politics :)

    25. Re:Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by reallocate · · Score: 1

      ...If we flew as many shuttle space flights as military airplane flights, I'm sure the safety record would reflect our greater practice and experience...

      The two Shuttle losses were caused by bad design, bad engineering, and bad construction. No amount of "practice" by astronauts or ground crews would have prevented those acidents. There is no reason to believe that it can prevent similar accidents, from the same causes, in the future.

      The space shuttle has been operational 112 times...

      The Shuttle has flown 112 times, but it hasnever been declared an operational system. It has always been an eperimental/developmental vehicle, a vehicle that has met few, if any, of its original objectives (e.g., way over budget, far fewer flights than intended.)

      Since the moon landing, scientfic research has been the SOLE purpose of American space flight...

      Unfortunate, to the extent it is true. People will do science in space, but that, of course, assumes that people are actually in space. Otherwise, it makes no more sense than it would have to explore North America with 16th Century robots. (GTW, the ISS is a bigger boondoggle than the Shuttle. Little science of any value is going on there.)

      --
      -- Slashdot: When Public Access TV Says "No"
    26. Re:Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by iminplaya · · Score: 1

      Right, but the people getting on these airline flights aren't test pilots who understand and have accepted the risk.

      I only brought that up because of the reference made to the stats on the Jersey Turnpike. Shuttle stats belong in a fairly unique group that would more likely compare to the failure rate of the X-1 or X-15 for instance, or as others compared it to Mercury or Apollo.

      --
      What?
    27. Re:Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by bechthros · · Score: 1

      "No amount of "practice" by astronauts or ground crews would have prevented those acidents."

      Mmm. I said "our practice and experience", not our astronauts and ground crews. For instance, after the Challenger disaster, the engineers and designers whom you so rightfully fault for said disaster got a some practice redesigning those boosters and O-rings. And the bigwigs got some practice changing their policies to disallow takeoffs in cold weather. After the wing-foam disaster, those engineers and designers got some practice designing a camera system that would allow full visibility for the purpose of self-inspection by shuttle crews. Not to say those mistakes should have happened - they shouldn't - but they will never happen again.

      I maintain that were we to fly as many shuttle missions as military airplane flights, the shuttle's safety record would drastically improve. Airplanes in their infancy were subject to not dissimilar disasters and failure rates. Ain't nothin' to it but to DO it.

      "The Shuttle has flown 112 times, but it hasnever been declared an operational system."

      This doesn't make any sense to me at all. I think you're using the word "operational" in a very beaurocratic sense. Let me clarify - the space shuttles have been FUNCTIONALLY operational 112 times. Meaning, when the astronauts turned the key, the engine cranked. They can "declare" it whatever they want, but the fact of the matter is it went up 112 times and came down 110.

      "ISS is a bigger boondoggle than the Shuttle."

      Sad, but not surprising, given how much of a boondoggle Mir was. Guess we just need to keep building bigger and better ones, like we did with airplanes, cars, and everything else that started out tricky but got easier the more we did it. I still believe in America's technological and technical abilities (when properly funded), and I still believe we're still at the very very beginning of the learning curve as regards space flight. I mean, we're still using rockets for crying out loud. It's a long road ahead, and not without challenges, but that's what American inginuity has always thrived on. And I for one look forward to the day when I can (affordably) take a commercial space flight just to say I did it. I think that's very possible within my lifetime.

    28. Re:Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by reallocate · · Score: 1

      There aren't enough Shuttles left to test, in practice, your notion that each disaster will result in less risk. My point has been simple: If we lose another shuttle, no shuttle will ever fly again. That's my take on political reality. You're argument could be completely accurate but it would make no difference.

      The Shuttle has never been classified as operational because it has never been able to fly with the frequency or the brief turn-around time that was intended. NASA considers it to be experimental in the same sense as all the X-series aircraft have been experimental.

      As for the 110 safe flights out of 112, do the math. That extrapolates into 20 total losses of crew and shuttle in every 1120 flights, etc. If commercial aircraft were operational in that sense, they'd be falling out of the sky dozens of times every day. No military aircraft would be accepted as operational with that kind of record.

      I have no issues with American tech and engineering skills, but those do not determine what missions we undertake in space. That's the realm of politics. I'm sure we could build bigger and more sophisticated space stations. But, right now, I don't know what they'd be good for. Now, since I believe the purpose of space travel is to actually go someplace -- to travel in space -- a space station that functions as a construction and fuel facility for missions beyond LEO would be a different matter. In fact, I think the only reason to launch people from Earth should be to get them to that kind of station. No missions outside LEO should start from Earth; they should all start and end in LEO, at that station.

      --
      -- Slashdot: When Public Access TV Says "No"
    29. Re:Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by bechthros · · Score: 1

      " There aren't enough Shuttles left to test, in practice, your notion that each disaster will result in less risk."

      Firstly, my notion wasn't that each disaster would result in less risk (though that's probably tru) but rather than each FLIGHT will result in less risk. The current dearth of available shuttles is why we need to build, if not more shuttles, more advanced craft capable of entering into low Earth orbit like an airplane, instead of like a rocket. This idea is a very old one, and had it not been for Sputnik it would likely have become the dominant American paradigm for space travel. IIRC this was the purpose (or one of them) for the X-planes. As it so happens, we're still sending up crewed and uncrewed space vehicles on top of thousands of tons of liquid and solid explosive. Funny thing about explosive is sometimes it blows up. That doesn't mean we throw up our hands and say, "oh this is just too risky" - that means we do the American thing, which is grab our balls, suck it up and do it better already, instead of sitting around bitching about the risk like a bunch of insurance company pussies. Everything new is risky. Everything practiced frequently becomes less so.

      Re: "operational", we're just quibbling over semantics at this point. You're talking about official classification by beaurocracy, I'm talking about function, and we're both right.

      "As for the 110 safe flights out of 112, do the math. That extrapolates into 20 total losses of crew and shuttle in every 1120 flights, etc."

      That's if you assume that the increasing frequency of flights (not of accidents, of flights) would yield no information or expertise which could be used to make future ones safer. That's an assumption I feel very uncomfortable making at this point. Early airplanes were subject to many of the same problems, but instead of walking away from the costs and risks, the airplane enthusiasts (and later, the industry) accepted the risks, kept at it, and got much much better at what they did. The safety record of modern airplane travel is due in no small part to the fact that they did this. Remember, there was a day when a simple trans-Atlantic flight was regarded as impossible and doomed. You can't extrapolate what we will become based simply on what we are - the human learning curve is exponential, and the American one even more so.

    30. Re:Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by reallocate · · Score: 1

      >>...we need to build, if not more shuttles, more advanced craft capable of entering into low Earth orbit like an airplane, instead of like a rocket...

      First, the only way to achive orbit is to accelerate to orbital velocity. The only propulsion system available today, and for the forseeable future, that can reach orbital velocity from a dead start on Earth's surface is a rocket engine. So, even if you put wings on the thing, it is still a rocket.

      Second, if the objective is safe, routine and inexpensive access to LEO, then winged spacecraft need to demonstrate an advantage over other types of spacecraft. Typically, that advantage is touted as reuse. But, reusability does not come automatically with a winged design, while it is quite possible to design unwinged spacecraft that are full reusable. Putting wings on a spacecraft adds extra layers of cost, complexity, and risk (e.g., the leading edges of the wings must be protected from destruction during reentry). And, of course, wings are of use only in the last few minutes of flight. They are functionless deadweight during the rest of the mission.

      Winged spacecraft and undeniably glamorous. At first glance, the notion of a vehicle that takes off from a runway, achieves orbit, and returns to a runway seems inherently safer and more routine than launching unwinged spacecraft from vertical boosters. But, in fact, the wings are useless in space, and the alleged safety benefits have not been demonstrated.

      (Consider that the losses of both Challenger and Columbia are directly attributable to the design of a vehicle to support a reusable winged spacecraft, i.e, the Orbiter. The causes of both losses were specific to the Shuttle's design and would not have been possible in an expendable liquid fueled unwinged vehicle.)

      The purpose of the X-planes was not to move gradually to spaceflight. It was, and is, in large measure to test new technology for military and civil aviation. In the early 1960's, the USAF had a nascent program called DynaSoar. This was a one-seater winged spacecraft that would have been launched by a modified Titan ICBM (much as in the Gemini flights). DynaSoar never flew and, to the best of my knowledge, no vehicles were ever built. (Again the fundamental issue with reusable winged access to LEO is that you need a rocket, and all that necessary fuel, to get it there. So, wings or not, if you want to put, say, 20,000 pounds in LEO, you need to produce the thrust that can do that. The engine that can do that will be just a large whether it is part of an expendable booster or part of a reusable booster. Except, of course, that wings add extra weight that requires even more thrust.)

      So, winged or not, reusable or not, the only way to get to LEO is sitting "on top of thousands of tons of liquid and solid explosive..."

      Operational is, indeed, an offical category, but there is nothing bureaucratic about it. The Shuttles are not operational vehicles because the malfunction or crash to often. If they were military aircraft, they would not have been accepted into the inventory. If they had been, they would have been grounded. (Look at the prep time and cost of getting a Shuttle launch done. That's not operational; the craft is essentially rebuilt after each flight.)

      Of course, more frequent Shuttle flights would produce more information, leading to increased safety. But, that's and engineering paradigm. The fact is that one of the remaining Shuttles would almost certainly crash during that ramped up flight schedule, and the program would be killed. Let me make that clear: There will be another Shuttle crash and it will mark the end of the Shuttle program. That's a political paradigm, and it trumps the engineering paradigm.

      --
      -- Slashdot: When Public Access TV Says "No"
    31. Re:Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by srussell · · Score: 1
      But what you overlook is that there are 99 other Senators who represent THEIRS as well. This is why they do things like... VOTE.

      Aaah, the old "everybody else is doing it" argument.

      One could also make that argument about every government expenditure ever. There's always gonna be a better or worse course we could have taken, but at some point you gotta shit or get off the pot and do the best you can.

      Yes, and one should make that argument about every government expenditure. If the only argument for an expenditure is to funnel money to a state, then there exists a serious need to re-evaluating the expenditure in the first place.

      If the only reason for maintaining the Hubble is to keep some people in Virginia employed, then maybe we might consider a more direct form of welfare for them and cut out the middle-man. Hell, just give them the money; they'd get more of it.

      I never said she could do no wrong, I said she was doing her job.

      Are you suggesting that a Senator's job description includes the mandate to suck as much of the federal budget as she can into her own state?

      One of the particular challenges of Americans is seeing the long-term goal over the short-term one. I could argue that, by doing something that may damage the overall health of the country for short-term gains in her state, she's not, actually, being a very good representative. The citizens of her state didn't vote for this; they don't vote at the granularity of how taxes are spent. On top of this, you are assuming that the majority in her state want the budget spent this way. What if they don't?

      As an aside, there's a quote from Sir Alex Fraser Tytler (1742-1813) that's germane to this discussion:

      A democracy cannot exist as a permanent form of government. It can only exist until the voters discover that they can vote themselves largess from the public treasury.

      The larger question I'm asking is whether the Hubble is largess, or is it the most efficient way of spending the money to get the science done? The smaller question is whether the Senator is really doing the best thing for her state.

    32. Re:Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by bechthros · · Score: 1

      "The only propulsion system available today, and for the foreseeable future, that can reach orbital velocity from a dead start on Earth's surface is a rocket engine"

      First let me say that I worded my original premise poorly - you are correct that a rocket propulsion system will have to be used to enter into LEO.

      But the assumption of "from a dead start on the Earth's surface" is yours and yours alone. We have had planes for decades that could fly so high they ran out of air at a not inconsiderable speed (not mach 22, but far from standing still either), and blimps that can go even higher. A rocket propulsion system designed to reach LEO from, say 70,000 feet would have much less atmospheric resistance, need much less rocket fuel, and need much less infrastructure and investment, than one designed to explode it's way through the troposphere. The Saturn V's ENTIRE FIRST STAGE was just to get it through the troposphere and stratosphere. We have aircraft today capable of achieving these altitudes routinely. This is not a new idea. This was the method in which America was planning to get into space up until Sputnik, at which point we opted for the easy out of sitting astronauts on top of solid explosive in order to quickly become competitive with the Russians. And to that end it was successful. But then we just got so used to it, and already had the infrastructure to support it, that it remained the way we did things just because that's how they'd always been done. I mean, you want to talk about a waste of taxpayer dollars, let's talk about solid-explosive rockets to achieve super-stratospheric altitude (and yes, this includes the shuttle during takeoff as well).

      "But, reusability does not come automatically with a winged design, while it is quite possible to design unwinged spacecraft that are full reusable."

      As I'm sure you are aware, all three engine stages of the Saturn V were disposable, and wound up either at the bottom of the ocean or as floating space junk. Sure, you say, but so do the boosters on the shuttle. Sure, I say, but the shuttle is much larger than crew modules on top of rockets. The shuttle is only slightly smaller than the large main booster/tank, and very much larger than the side boosters. The parts of the Saturn V that were essentially discarded as disposable made up roughly 82% of it's mass. The only parts that were even nominally reusable were the crew and instrument modules, if they even reused those. While it may be *possible* to *design* a fully reusable non-winged spacecraft, we have yet to do so, let alone implement it. The only part of rockets to be useful in extra-orbital space, much less come back to Earth, was the pointy little cone at the very very tippy-top. Solid explosive propulsion is *incredibly* inefficient for atmospheric flight. It is good for one thing only - going very very fast very quickly, which is why, as you say, rockets will be used to enter orbit. Your mistake comes in assuming this launch must be from the Earth's surface, and must be at a standstill - neither of these need be the case.

      No, when efficiency became all-important - which is to say when the private sector entered the space flight arena - it became clear to all involved that the best way to get into space is by using a high-altitude plane as a launch platform. But don't take my word for it, ask Burt Rutan. Sure, he only went suborbital, but private space flight is in its infancy. I'll bet you five bucks right now that when a private craft does make it into orbit it will be with much smaller rockets than the Saturn V and it will be launched from a high-altitude plane, if not incorporating one into it's design.

      "The losses of both Challenger and Columbia"

      The Columbia was lost because of a mishap which occurred during its ROCKET POWERED LIFTOFF and wasn't detected and repaired prior to re-entry. The Challenger was lost because of a design flaw in it's ROCKET POWERED LIFTOFF propulsion systems. See a trend here?

      "The purpose of

    33. Re:Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by bechthros · · Score: 1

      "Aaah, the old "everybody else is doing it" argument."

      I never said that. What I said was that if her consituents want something done it's her job to represent them in accomplishing that. It doesn't matter how detrimental you or I think it might be in the long term - the only thing that should matter to an elected legislative representative is what her constituents want. If they want a chunk of kryptonite dropped into the San Andreas fault, it's her JOB to do her best to make sure that happens. Just like it's a lawyer's JOB to believe her client regardless of whether or not she really believes him. Legislators are not elected to impose their own will - they are elected to impose the people's.

      Remember, we have a President who must sign their laws and a Supreme Court which can overturn them. The Executive and Judicial are the branches of government whose purpose is to impose their own judgement. The Legislative's SOLE purpose is to represent those who elected them. This is called "checks and balances", maybe you're heard of it.

      "Yes, and one should make that argument about every government expenditure. If the only argument for an expenditure is to funnel money to a state, then there exists a serious need to re-evaluating the expenditure in the first place. If the only reason for maintaining the Hubble is to keep some people in Virginia employed, then maybe we might consider a more direct form of welfare for them and cut out the middle-man. Hell, just give them the money; they'd get more of it."

      Again, this isn't ditch-digging and hole filling. This is the bleeding edge of astronomy. This is advanced science with quantifiable and real results (unlike the countless good billions we're throwing after bad in Iraq). Certainly tax dollars should be spent as wisely and efficiently as possible. But OTOH you can't sit around worrying about if you're spending them perfectly or not. Humankind is imperfect and so will be our works. That doesn't mean we shouldn't do the best we can.

      "Are you suggesting that a Senator's job description includes the mandate to suck as much of the federal budget as she can into her own state?"

      I'm saying that a Senator's job includes one thing and one thing only - to do whatever his or her constituents want, no matter how bad of an idea they think it is. If it's that bad of an idea, either the President will veto it, the Supreme Court will overturn it, or enough other representatives of other states and districts will outvote it. This is called majority rule, maybe you've heard of it.

      "by doing something that may damage the overall health of the country for short-term gains in her state, she's not, actually, being a very good representative."

      But she's not a judge, so her job isn't to use her judgment. She's not the President, so her job isn't to veto something she couldn't enforce. She's a REPRESENTATIVE, and her job is to REPRESENT. Period.

      "On top of this, you are assuming that the majority in her state want the budget spent this way. What if they don't?"

      Then they can write her and express their displeasure with her failure to represent them, and if she continues to misrepresent them then they can vote her out of office.

      "A democracy cannot exist as a permanent form of government. It can only exist until the voters discover that they can vote themselves largess from the public treasury."

      This philosophy assumes that all people are inherently evil, and that given the ability to vote themselves largess from the treasury they will automatically do so. It further assumes that any amount of public welfare is automatically anathema to democracy. I consider both these assumptions to be inherently faulty.

      "The larger question I'm asking is whether the Hubble is largess, or is it the most efficient way of spending the money to get the science done?"

      The world is not binary. Maybe there's some largess in the Hubble program (and in my earlier posts I made quite clear that we sh

    34. Re:Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by reallocate · · Score: 1

      --Using aircraft as launch platforms can make sense, but altitude doesn't gain you orbit. Speed, and speed alone, does. If you built a tower 200 miles high and pushed something off the top, it would simply fall back to Earth. Likewise, the purpose of the Saturn's first stage, as for any rocket booster, was to provide acceleration.

      -- The U.S. did not have a pre-Sputnik program to put people in orbit using winged spacecraft.

      --Burt Rutan is a long way from reaching orbit. He sent a small craft (that is incapable of functioning in orbit or safely returning, even if it was accelerated to orbital velocity) to just over 60 miles altitude by reaching a speed of about 3600 mph and coasting. That puts him about 14000 miles per hour short of orbit, at any altitude. It's a worthy accompishment, but one that was first achieved 4 decades ago.

      -- The O-rings (Challenger)and the graphite leading wing edges (Columbia) are specific to the Shuttle design. Neither are present in traditional liquid fuel boosters.

      -- Name an X-series program that was designed to intentionally lead to winged manned space flight. You can't because up to and incuding the X-15, none existed. The research was applicable, but no program was ever created with that objective.

      -- I've not assumed that launching from a dead start on Earth's surface is a prerequisite. You, however, seem to assume that simply gaining altitude is sufficient for achieving orbit, when it clearly is not.

      -- The Shuttle has flown 112 times, but it has never been declared operational by NASA. The Shuttle was intended to be an operational spacecraft, flying approximately 30 missions a year with turn around times of less than two weeks. It has failed to come anywhere near those objectives. End of that discussion.

      -- I did not say the Shuttle's were not "safe enough". I did not say we spend too much time making them safe. I said I expected another Shuttle crash and that I anticipate that would kill the program.

      -- The Saturn V, as are all expendable boosters, was not recovered. The Shuttle, as I've said, was expected to deliver operational access to LEO with flight turnarounds of about 14 days. It's never come close. (It costs approx. $500-600 million to launch a Shuttle, not including amortization costs, far more than the expected cost. If the Shuttle was actually flying 30 missions a year, those costs alone would consume NASA's budget.)

      -- A discussion of Shuttle engineering absent political realities is pointless.

      --
      -- Slashdot: When Public Access TV Says "No"
    35. Re:Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by srussell · · Score: 1

      I never said that. What I said was that if her consituents want something done it's her job to represent them in accomplishing that.

      Ok, I misunderstood you.

      Again, this isn't ditch-digging and hole filling. This is the bleeding edge of astronomy

      Or not. The Hubble is twenty years old, and has been in space for 19 of them. I don't know about the part of the country you live in, but around here, we use a different phrase for technology that old.

      However, I'm not arguing that we should buy more tanks, or spend another month in Iraq, instead of repairing the Hubble. If we're going to stray from the topic of whether the Senator is doing her job or not, then I'd be asking whether or not be better off spending the money sending up a new telescope rather than fixing the old one. I certainly am not willing to blindly accept that we have to keep the Hubble going merely to keep money flowing to the government contractors in charge of maintenance.

      Then they can write her and express their displeasure with her failure to represent them, and if she continues to misrepresent them then they can vote her out of office.

      You started your comment by asking what was wrong with what she was doing, and made the assumption that she was carrying out the will of her constituents. I, in turn, suggested that maybe she wasn't. Your whole position throughout this has been to assume that she's doing what her constituents want. I'm saying that we don't know what her constituents want, and that, since neither of us know (and, probably, neither does she), perhaps she isn't doing whats in the best interests of her constituents.

      But she's not a judge

      Yes, yes she is. She has no mandate from her constituents on this. She's making judgement calls on almost every decision she makes. She's trying to guess what her people want, if she's an honest politician, and she's doing what special interest groups want in exchange for kick-backs if she isn't. That's the whole point to having representatives in the first place, to elect people who can make informed decisions for the good of their constituents. This is (part of) the reason why we don't have a direct democracy. What we have is called "representative democracy"... maybe you've heard of it.

      Incidentally, the main reason why we have a representative democracy was because the founding fathers didn't trust the average American to know what was good for themselves; they wanted a buffer between government and the unwashed masses. Or, if you're an optimist, it was because it took so long to send messages across the country, it was impractical to have a direct democracy. In neither case was the sole job of the representative to be an erzatz for direct democracy. The job of a Senator is to try to get the best deal for her constituents. This doesn't always mean doing what is most popular; government wouldn't function if the representatives didn't compromise, giving up lesser goods to gain what they percieve to be greater goods.

      This philosophy assumes that all people are inherently evil,

      No, it assumes that people are basically selfish. Suffient proof of this is the fact that capitalism, which is based on a philosophy of selfishness, is significantly more successful than communism, which requires that people be basically altruistic.

      It further assumes that any amount of public welfare is automatically anathema to democracy.

      Can you explain how you came to that conclusion? The implied premise is that people are selfish, and the proposition is that a system which allows people to exploit it for personal gain is doomed to failure. I don't see the inferrance that any welfare is harmful to democracy -- unless you assume that anything that can be abused or

    36. Re:Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by bechthros · · Score: 1

      I think I'm just gonna reply with quotes from my previous post, since it doesn't appear you read all of it...

      "Using aircraft as launch platforms can make sense, but altitude doesn't gain you orbit. Speed, and speed alone, does."

      That's why I said: "you are correct that a rocket propulsion system will have to be used to enter into LEO." and "A rocket propulsion system designed to reach LEO from, say 70,000 feet" and "*use* the atmosphere to reach super-stratospheric altitude (ie with a high-altitude plane) and launch from there"

      "The U.S. did not have a pre-Sputnik program to put people in orbit using winged spacecraft."

      I never said anything about X-15 or other X-planes as pertains to orbit, and neither did you. You said "The purpose of the X-planes was not to move gradually to spaceflight."

      So here I'm just gonna cut and paste from the Wiki: "During the X-15 programme, 13 flights met the US criterion for a spaceflight by passing an altitude of 50 miles (80 km) and the pilots were accordingly awarded astronaut status by the USAF. Out of these, 2 also qualified for the international FAI definition of a spaceflight by passing the 62.5 miles (100 km) mark." So the X-15 was a program, it was begun in 1954 (pre-Sputnik, though it didn't fly until after Sputnik), and it achieved manned, winged spaceflight according to both the USAF and FAI. Seems pretty clear to me.

      "Burt Rutan is a long way from reaching orbit."

      Which is why I said "he only went suborbital"

      "The O-rings (Challenger)and the graphite leading wing edges (Columbia) are specific to the Shuttle design. Neither are present in traditional liquid fuel boosters."

      So? That doesn't change the fact that, had the shuttle been designed to not launch vertically from the ground, these problems wouldn't have happened, as they both resulted directly either from vertical ground launches or from the shuttle being designed for vertical ground launches. If the shuttle were flown to altitude and then rocketed into orbit (like, for instance, the X-15) these problems would have been rendered moot because there would have been no vertically falling foam chunks and no side boosters.

      "Name an X-series program that was designed to intentionally lead to winged manned space flight. You can't because up to and incuding the X-15, none existed."

      OK, I will paste again... "During the X-15 programme, 13 flights met the US criterion for a spaceflight by passing an altitude of 50 miles (80 km) and the pilots were accordingly awarded astronaut status by the USAF. Out of these, 2 also qualified for the international FAI definition of a spaceflight by passing the 62.5 miles (100 km) mark." (emphasis mine) So are you saying that the X-15 resulted in winged, manned spaceflight accidentally?

      "I've not assumed that launching from a dead start on Earth's surface is a prerequisite."

      Funny, cuz what you said was: "The only propulsion system available today, and for the forseeable future, that can reach orbital velocity from a dead start on Earth's surface is a rocket engine. So, even if you put wings on the thing, it is still a rocket."

      "You, however, seem to assume that simply gaining altitude is sufficient for achieving orbit, when it clearly is not."

      Funny, cuz what I said was: "But you can cut the size and cost of the rocket in half if you *use* the atmosphere to reach super-stratospheric altitude (ie with a high-altitude plane) and launch from there"

      "End of that discussion." (re: operational) ...since all it was was you playing semantics again anyway, and basically arguing with the dictionary, to which I provided a link that you apparently didn't read...

      So if you're gonna reply to this again, please do us both a favor and read what I wrote before you do. You'll look better, and I'll be spared some major tedium.

      And my offer of the $5 bet stands, if you'd care to put your money where your mouth is. :)

    37. Re:Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by bechthros · · Score: 1

      "Or not. The Hubble is twenty years old, and has been in space for 19 of them."

      ??? I could have sworn that it was launched in 1990. Which would make it 15... which is still older than I remembered it being. Damn, I'm old...

      That said, is there any other telescope that can replace its functionality, or is it still the most advanced thing we have, even if it is 15? (And how sad is that if it is?)

      "I'd be asking whether or not be better off spending the money sending up a new telescope rather than fixing the old one."

      With which I already agreed - given the caveat that the new one has to be able to do everything the old one could.

      "Your whole position throughout this has been to assume that she's doing what her constituents want. I'm saying that we don't know what her constituents want, and that, since neither of us know (and, probably, neither does she), perhaps she isn't doing whats in the best interests of her constituents."

      Well, she's certainly in a better position to know, having phone banks, email addresses, PO boxes and staffs dedicated to keeping her in touch with what they want. I think it unlikely that she's completely out of touch with the desires of her constituents. I guess we'll see if she is or not come re-election time.

      "She has no mandate from her constituents on this."

      Well, she has the mandate of having won the election, and by your own admission neither you nor I know what her constituents want.

      "to elect people who can make informed decisions for the good of their constituents."

      Hmm. I can see that you have a point about rep's having to make *some* judgment calls at some point in time. Now, can you see my point that the judgment calls they make should be to give their constituents what they want, be it for good or ill?

      "What we have is called "representative democracy"... maybe you've heard of it."

      Touche. :)

      "didn't trust the average American to know what was good for themselves; they wanted a buffer between government and the unwashed masses. Or, if you're an optimist, it was because it took so long to send messages across the country, it was impractical"

      Or, to my mind the most likely, some of both.

      "The job of a Senator is to try to get the best deal for her constituents. This doesn't always mean doing what is most popular"

      I disagree. A rep. who doesn't do what the people who voted her in want her to do gets voted out. She is there to be the voice of her constituents, even if they are all batshit insane. The President and Supreme Court are there to make judgment calls and keep her from succeeding in trying to carry out the will of her possibly-batshit-insane constituents if it's to the detriment of the rest of the country.

      "No, it assumes that people are basically selfish."

      Which I also disagree with. Even the most selfish person on Earth isn't that way 100% of the time. And even Mother Theresa probably had a moment or two of selfishness in her life. But accepting the maxim that all people are selfish seems to me like a great excuse for one's own behavior being selfish. Humans can have a propensity to selfishness, and they can also overcome it. If everybody were always selfish then society wouldn't exist, we'd all be nomads fending for ourselves and screwing everybody else.

      "Suffient proof of this is the fact that capitalism, which is based on a philosophy of selfishness, is significantly more successful than communism, which requires that people be basically altruistic."

      As many people have pointed out here recently, the 20th century never saw real Communism. We saw a few totalitarians running under the banner of Communist parties come to power.

      Also, by this logic, I could say that since Monarchy has historically been the most succesful form of government on the planet (There was that long span in between Ancient Greece and the Am

    38. Re:Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by reallocate · · Score: 1

      -- Your comments about using winged space vehicels implied that gaining altitude was the only requirement for achieving orbit.

      --I'm agnostic about how we reach LEO. I'd opt for the cheapest, most reliable, and most capable system, whether it had wings or not, whether it was reusable or not. I'm convinced that wings add extra cost, weight and complexity, and I'm not convinced they deliver commensurate advantages. I also believe we need to be able to put at least 100 tons in LEO at one go, and I'm not sure a vehicle launched from an aircraft can achieve that. But, if someone proves me wrong, that's OK.

      -- The X-15 program was not intended to lead to manned spaceflight. Yes, it did, on a few occassions, coast above the arbitrary altitude taken as the beginning of space. However, the goal of the program was not the further development of a winged space vehicle. That's what the qualifying phrase "lead to" means.

      -- I repeat, I did not say launching from a dead start from Earth's surface is a prerequisite to reaching orbit (speaking of reading thoroughly). I said the only means we have of doing that -- reaching orbit from a dead start on Earth's surface -- is a rocket. If you strap a rocket underneath an aircraft and launch it at 50,000 feet, that, obviously, is not a dead start nor is it from Earth's surface.

      -- It's a common and childish Slashdot tactic to point people to dictionary definitions. The terms experimental, developmental and operational have specific meanings within NASA and the defense community. A vehicle is not operational unless it has been designated as operational, regardless of what some dictionary might say. Some dictionary definition does not establish NASA's criteria. The Shuttle has operated 112 times, but it has not been declared operational because it has failed to meet the criteria NASA established for it to become operational, as NASA defines operational. How you or I or any dictionary define operational is besides the point.

      -- I'd be very happy if Rutan or some other private investor gets a crewed vehicle into orbit and back again. I really don't care how he does it. (I do know how I might try it, if I had the moeny.) But, since Rutan is only emulating what the X-15 did 40 years ago, he has a long way to go. More power to him, but getting a one-seater to coast to 100k at 2000 mph ain't no big trick. Frankly, my only interest in LEO is as a staging point for actual space travel. If private organizations can play a role in that, that's OK with me. But, as I said earlier, I want to see LEO payloads of at least 100 tons. Rutan, et al, are a very long way from doing that.

      --
      -- Slashdot: When Public Access TV Says "No"
    39. Re:Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by srussell · · Score: 1

      I could have sworn that it was launched in 1990. Which would make it 15...

      Actually, it was completed in 1985, so it is, indeed, 20 years old. You're right, though, about it being put into orbit in 1990.

      That said, is there any other telescope that can replace its functionality, or is it still the most advanced thing we have, even if it is 15?

      I don't know. Somebody else commented on this story that it would be cheaper to put up a new telescope, but I really don't know.

      Well, she's certainly in a better position to know, having phone banks, email addresses, PO boxes and staffs dedicated to keeping her in touch with what they want.

      I vote. I even send emails (and the rare letter) to my representative telling them what I think about various issues. I don't think I've ever been asked for, or offered, my opinion on a budget issue as specific as this. I'm inclined to believe that she's making an educated (at best) guess. It is much more likely that the companies involved with the shuttle maintenance are letting her know what they want, via campaign contributions.

      Now, can you see my point that the judgment calls they make should be to give their constituents what they want, be it for good or ill?

      Yes. I think we only disagree on the scope, or meaning, of "what they want".

      A representative answers not only to the people, but to special interest groups. Groups which, as entities, can not vote, and would normally have no vote were it not for the representative. However, these entities do have a voice in congress because of the representative, and this dilutes the will of the people.

      If we're going to pretend that representatives are actually trying to give constituents what they want, I'd much rather have a direct democracy than a representative democracy. By having a representative democracy, we're implying that people are incapable of deciding for themselves, and need somebody to work in their best interests.

      "didn't trust the average American to know what was good for themselves..."
      Or, to my mind the most likely, some of both.

      I agree. There was both a practical, and a philosophical side to this decision.

      I disagree. A rep. who doesn't do what the people who voted her in want her to do gets voted out. She is there to be the voice of her constituents, even if they are all batshit insane.

      Ok, but I think it doesn't work this way in practice, and I don't think it was intended to work this way in the first place. If we assume that the founding fathers wanted a "buffer," then they never intended the people to get everything they wanted. If Senators take money from special interest groups in the form of campaign contributions, if they listen to lobbyists funded primarily by corporations, then they aren't representing the will of their constituents.

      Let me try putting it this way: If the sole job of a representative was to present the will of their constituents, then why not have a direct democracy? It would be a more accurate way to evaluate the will of the people. Since we don't have a representative democracy, there must be some other reason for having representatives, and it follows that it isn't their only job to represent the will of their constituents.

      Even the most selfish person on Earth isn't that way 100% of the time.

      No, they aren't. But, on the whole, people are mostly selfish. I think the Bill Gateses are more prevalent than the Mother Theresas. Greed is more common than altruism.

      If everybody were always selfish then society wouldn't exist, we'd all be nomads fending for ourselves and screwing everybody else.

    40. Re:Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by bechthros · · Score: 1

      "Your comments about using winged space vehicels implied that gaining altitude was the only requirement for achieving orbit."

      That you read this into it in no way changes the fact that that's not what I said. Try dealing with what people actually say instead of what you think they're implying. If you can cite anything that I said along the lines of "altitude is all you need to achive orbit" I'll cheerfully eat my hat - though by rights I should be requiring you to cite three examples, since I cited three example of me saying exactly the opposite which you apparently ignored.

      "I'm agnostic about how we reach LEO."

      Then we agree.

      "The X-15 program was not intended to lead to manned spaceflight."

      So you *are* saying it acheived spaceflight accidentally.

      "If you strap a rocket underneath an aircraft and launch it at 50,000 feet, that, obviously, is not a dead start nor is it from Earth's surface."

      Yeah, that's what I said.

      "The terms experimental, developmental and operational have specific meanings within NASA and the defense community."

      Sure, and were everybody on Slashdot and participating in this *public forum* a member of said two communities, you could be forgiven for adhering strictly to those definitions, even absent your abject refusal to acknowledge those terms as the beaurocratic designation you just admitted they are, oh, about fifteen posts back. But since we're not, that means you are expecting the overwhelming majority of english-speaking people to confirm to a little-known definition used by specific (and very small) subcommunities, an expectation which is inherently impractical and unrealistic. Whether or not you are a member of one of those two communities (and I suspect that you are, and somehow I have a hunch which one) in no was excuses you from the responsibility of communicating according to the rules of the language you choose to converse in. One of those rules is that words have definitions, and they're set down in a dictionary. If you choose not to acknowledge the english dictionary as a definitive resource for english discussions, you have two options - a) hop on over to the wiki and start the definition there for "operational", as yet none exists there, this is your chance to make sure the dictionary includes NASA/Military's definition of this word there; b) stop trying to communicate with anybody in English since you appear to have no intention of playing by the rules.

      "regardless of what some dictionary might say."

      Congratulations, you have now reduced your semantic games to the level of Bill Clinton asking what "is" is. Good job.

      So, let me get this straight - you not only don't have to qualify your definition of a word, you can explicity reject my qualification of it (which you later come back to and endorse in your own words). You can completely unhinge the rationality of your position from the accepted and defined meaning of a word by the vast majority of society (unless, of course, you believe in rule by the elite instead of by the majority). But I'm the one being pedantic.

      "Some dictionary definition does not establish NASA's criteria."

      But you already admitted that NASA's criteria for "operational" was a beaurocratic designation, something you explicitly denied when I brought it up before. Many, many moons ago I said that what I was talking about (and still am) was FUNCTIONAL operability. The shuttle OPERATES, regardless of whether or not the shuttle program has been declared an OPERATIONAL PROGRAM.

      Look at it this way - if I break into your house and move all your posessions into my house, I'm not stealing, or robbing, or taking, or burgling, because after all, some dictionary definition doesn't change what *I* think the definition of stealing is. Right? I mean, that's basically your argument, that tiny tiny minorities not only have the right to redefine established and accepted words, but also the right to expect others to abide by these definitions even t

    41. Re:Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by reallocate · · Score: 1

      "The X-15 program was not intended to lead to manned spaceflight."

      So you *are* saying it acheived spaceflight accidentally.


      No, I'm not. As I've already pointed out, I said "lead to manned spaceflight". You said "acheived spaceflight". Not the same thing. The X-15 program was not designed to lead to anything. If it had been intended to lead to manned spaceflight, there would have be at least a proposal for a follow-on vehicle that did precisely that. The fact that, on a few occasions, it coasted about 100k is not evidence that the program was intended to lead to spaceflight. Any vehicle that can exceed 2000 mph can very likely coast to 100k, but that doesn't mean they're leading to spaceflight. ...you are expecting the overwhelming majority of english-speaking people to confirm to a little-known definition used by specific (and very small) subcommunities...

      What do so-called communities have to do this? NASA is the only organization that can declare the Shuttle operational. It hasn't. If you want to consider that bureaucratic (presumably you intend it as a perjorative) fine. I don't care. What you think or anyone else in this imaginary community thinks "operational" means doesn't change the reality that the Shuttle isn't operational. If you don't understand the terms experimental, developmental and operational as they are applied in the aerospace industry, go learn. Your protestations that the Shuttle "OPERATES" are otherwise clueless.

      --
      -- Slashdot: When Public Access TV Says "No"
    42. Re:Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by bechthros · · Score: 1

      "A representative answers not only to the people, but to special interest groups. Groups which, as entities, can not vote, and would normally have no vote were it not for the representative. However, these entities do have a voice in congress because of the representative, and this dilutes the will of the people."

      This is unfortunate, but as long as SCOTUS thinks money is the same thing as speech, then this will continue to be the case. It does suck, though.

      "If we're going to pretend that representatives are actually trying to give constituents what they want, I'd much rather have a direct democracy than a representative democracy."

      I'm down, let's do it. The problem then becomes how to implement it. The most likely solution would be one heavily involving technology, and we saw how well that went with the voting machines. I'd be all in favor of a direct democracy if I wasn't 99% sure that the end result would somehow be perverted into something worse than what we have now.

      "No, they aren't. But, on the whole, people are mostly selfish. I think the Bill Gateses are more prevalent than the Mother Theresas. Greed is more common than altruism."

      Well, you do know even Bill Gates gives away billions a year in charity through the Gates foundation. Not to say that his bad doesn't outweigh his good, but just to point out that there's some good in there somewhere, even if it is just to get a tax break.

      "Together, we are stronger than we are alone."

      Right, but part of that banding together means that in exchange for me protecting you from wolves one day, you get to protect me from them tomorrow. So it's not a purely selfish motive that we have, it's a cooperative one, which is only party selfish. A purely selfish motive would make somebody say "I'm gonna get the biggest gun just so *I* don't get eaten by wolves and everybody else can fend for themselves." And as soon as the ammunition ran out, that person would be dead. Most things in life are a blend of yin and yang.

      "And I think it is evident that we are fending for ourselves and screwing everybody else. SCO? Microsoft? Heck, the most selfish political party we have is currently running America. We invaded Iraq for no good reason, getting over fifteen hundred of our own people killed and killing at least sixteen thousand Iraqis, and then re-elected the guy who did it."

      But the game's not over yet, there's still plenty of time for us to get our just comeuppance and trot back to the global community with our tail between our legs.

      "Just because they were totalitarian does not mean that they weren't communist."

      Hmm. Well, I gotta admit I do see Communism and totalitarianism as mutually exclusive. It's hard to say it's all about the workers and the people when you're enforcing totalitarian rule, which by nature exaggerates the importance of a dictator. For what it's worth, I also see Democracy (REAL democracy) and totalitarianism as mutually exclusive also.

      "My real point is that, because people are selfish, communism fails."

      Not all communist societies have completely failed. Cuba's not showing any signs of abandoning Communism, even after having their economic balls handed to them. Neither is North Korea. Although I would hasten to point out that I don't consider either of those states to be shining examples of what real Communism is supposed to be. NK is definately totalitarian and Cuba is pretty close.

      "but the dream of communism doesn't provide enough instant gratification to keep the system running.

      "Capitalisms of any sort have a much higher chance of survival than communisms. It isn't the "totalitarian" that brings them down, it is the "communism"."

      As pertains to the 20th century, would completely agree. But I feel very uncomfortable projecting those trends onto the future with any certainty.

      "There are a number of totalitarian capitalist states in the world, but very few communisms of any type."

      I feel like there a

    43. Re:Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by bechthros · · Score: 1

      More semantic games, whoopie. What a surprise. At least this one's shorter. A few things first, though.

      a) I can't help but notice you have chosen not to cite any instances of my referring to altitude as the sole factor needed to obtain orbit. Too bad, photos of my eating my hat would have been really entertaining.

      b) I also can't help but notice that for somebody doing some complaining about how unfair the English language is to NASA and the military, there's still no entry in the wiki for the word "operational", by you or anyone else. If you're so convinced the word means what you (or NASA) think it means, why don't you start a wiki entry instead of telling me how wrong I am for not psychically intuiting the context in which you were using it?

      c) your assumption that manned spaceflight was not an intended purpose of the X-15 is simply incorrect. Here are links to two NASA pages, one entitled "Hypersonic research at the edge of space" and the other entitled "transiting from air to space" (which states, among many other interesting things which you apparently haven't read, that "To simulate accurately the reentry profile of a returning winged spacecraft, the X-15 had to fly at angles of attack of at least 17"). The fact that NASA says this in the titles of it's documents as well as in the contents indicate clearly that it was the intended purpose of the X-15 to fly as fast and as high as possible, up to and including spaceflight, and to gather as much information about those flights as possible. The following line is a direct quote from the official NASA X-15 research results: "Not only has it doubled the speed of piloted flight; it has prepared the way for non-orbiting flight into space." Still don't think this speaks to purpose? Here's another direct quote: "In the third, and current, phase the X-15 airplanes are being used more as research tools than research craft. This new role includes carrying scientific experiments above the atmosphere-shrouded Earth into regions no satellite or rocket can usefully explore." You're wrong about America's approach to manned spaceflight prior to Sputnik (my favorite line: "Indeed, winged spaceflight has a long theoretical tradition that dates back well before Sputnik, the world's first artificial satellite, was ever launched in 1957") and you're wrong about the X-15. Period. And I dare you to cite one single link that will prove me wrong.

      The rest of this post will deal exclusively with your semantic games.

      "I said "lead to manned spaceflight". You said "acheived spaceflight". Not the same thing."

      At the moment at which space flight was achieved, and there were previous steps that had been taken, as a part of the program, before that moment without which spaceflight wouldn't have taken place, those previous steps in the program led to spaceflight, whether you admit it or not. You appear to be saying that the fact that the X-15 achieved spaceflight was accidental, since you are saying it wasn't the purpose for the program or any of it's flights (when in reality it was a significant part of both).

      "What do so-called communities have to do this?"

      Well, seeing as how you were the one who said, and once again I quote verbatim from a post you made, "The terms experimental, developmental and operational have specific meanings within NASA and the defense community", why don't you tell me, since you were the one who thought that the use of the word "operational" in a beaurocratic context as applied to systems design was somehow germane to a semantic diversion that you started, and I used the word "community" only in response to your post?

      "What you think or anyone else in

    44. Re:Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by reallocate · · Score: 1

      More semantic games...

      You're the one playing semantic games, resorting to pointing to the dictionary for irrelevant definitions. I've said that NASA has never declared the Shuttle operational, which is a fact. If you think NASA needs a new dictionary, take it up with them. ...you have chosen not to cite any instances...

      Shall I go back and cite all the statements you have not responded to? If you get off on keeping score, that's your problem.

      -- I said the X-15 was not designed to lead to spaceflight because it did not lead to any follow-up program to dly a true space vehicle. I never said the X-15 was intended to fly above the arbitrary 100k barrier. My point -- whch you either can't fathom or choose to ignore -- is that the capability to reach 100k is not equivalent to leading to spaceflight. Likewise, for Rutan's craft. It also coasted to 100k. But, unless there is a follow-on vehicle that is actually capable of spaceflight (and I don't count coasting to 100k as spacefight) it will also lead nowhere.

      I used the word "community" only in response to your post...

      NASA and Defense consist of actual people in real buildings with shared interests interacting with each other. Slashdot is merely on online bulletin board, not a community.

      The shuttle vehicles have been operational 112 times.


      So what? NASA has never declared it operational. You're anal attention to dictionaries does not alter that fact. When you grow up you'll see that the real world is nothing like Slashdot; people don't bow down and roll over everytime someone says "You're a liar because my dictionary says you are."

      if you have even one shred of evidence to prove your assertion that manned, winged spaceflight was not a purpose of the X-15...

      Another scarecrow argument. Typical Slashdot trick: respnding to statements that were never made. Again, and again, I did not say that. I said the X-15 was not intended to lead to manned spaceflight. Evidence: It did not. Was it intended to conduct research into manned spaceflight? Certainly.

      --
      -- Slashdot: When Public Access TV Says "No"
    45. Re:Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by bechthros · · Score: 1

      You have chosen not to cite any links or references to support your position, leading me to the inescapable conclusion that you can find none to support it. "Evidence: It did not." is not a statement of evidence, it is an unsupported assertion until you actually provide evidence. Neither would it be evidence were I to assert the sky is ornage, then back it up with the statement "evidence: the sky is orange." You saying something, no matter how many times you repeat it, doesn't qualify as evidence unless you've been sworn in as a witness in a court of law, making you subject to perjury should your statements turn out to be false. If you do manage to come up with some actual evidence, in any form, be it books, online data or documents, or interviews with relevant people from the time, or any other form of information, please do get back to me - I'm actually interested in expanding my knowledge, including when I turn out to be wrong. But until then, your self-referential (or is that self-reverential?) and circular view of evidence and unwillingness to do even the most basic research into your positions, your poor understanding of English definitions and sentences, your inability to read even the entirity of my posts let alone the data or documents I cite, and your inability to keep coherent track of who made what statements in response to whom in the course of our dialogue leave me no choice but to conclude that you are incapable of debate or discussion at any level that could be called adult or informed.

      Too bad, really, I was hoping that I'd come out of this discourse with some bit of knowledge that I didn't have before. But the only thing I've learned is that you appear to be extremely capable of making assumptions and assertions, and extremely incapable of backing them up with anything at all other than sheer repitition. In our dozens of posts I've cited several links to relevant documents that directly contradict your assertions, you've cited exactly none to support them. This speaks volumes to your aversion to honest, elucidatory discussion of actual issues; you appear to want only to repeat your (faulty) assumptions over and over again and attempt to distract me from their lack of support with semantic games.

      Absent any presentation of evidence beyond repeated assertions and assumptions by you, this discussion is over. Reply if you want, if it'll make you feel that you're "getting the last word", as if that means anything. Unless you provide one tiny little smidgeon, one teensy-tiny iota of actual evidence , I'm done replying to anything you have to say, since it's more than likely just more repitition of something which has almost certainly already been dispensed with by me.

      HAND.

    46. Re:Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by reallocate · · Score: 1

      I've stated two facts that you have not refuted:

      1) NASA has not declared the Shuttle operational.

      2) The X-15 program was not intended to lead to a follow-on vehicle capable of manned spaceflight.

      Your wordsmithing about what is or is not "operational" or whether coasting to 100k for a few seconds represents space travel mean nothing.

      You can consider the Shuttle operational, but that doe not alter Fact One. You can consider that the X-15 was a manned space vehicle, but that does not alter Fact Two.

      If you can refute those facts, go ahead. I have no need to troll the web looking for specious and unreliable citations like you have from wikis.

      --
      -- Slashdot: When Public Access TV Says "No"
    47. Re:Worth Remembering Mikulski's Motives by srussell · · Score: 1
      A representative answers not only to the people, but to special interest groups. ...
      This is unfortunate, but as long as SCOTUS thinks money is the same thing as speech, then this will continue to be the case. It does suck, though.
      Agreed.
      I'm down, let's do it. The problem then becomes how to implement it. The most likely solution would be one heavily involving technology, and we saw how well that went with the voting machines. I'd be all in favor of a direct democracy if I wasn't 99% sure that the end result would somehow be perverted into something worse than what we have now.
      Again, agreed. Although, I do think that it would be possible to create a fair and safe electronic voting system if we could keep commercial interests out of it. There are some interesting GNU projects attempting to accomplish this.
      Well, you do know even Bill Gates gives away billions a year in charity through the Gates foundation. ... even if it is just to get a tax break.
      This doesn't preclude him from being selfish. You'll note that he isn't anonymously donating that money; he isn't even doing it quietly. He's set up a "Gates Foundation" for it. He's getting tax benefits, and he's getting positive publicity. The Gates Foundation runs advertisements.

      If the predominant motivation is for tax breaks and publicity, then it isn't a selfless act; it may be a good act, but it isn't selfless.

      Hmm. Well, I gotta admit I do see Communism and totalitarianism as mutually exclusive. It's hard to say it's all about the workers and the people when you're enforcing totalitarian rule, which by nature exaggerates the importance of a dictator. For what it's worth, I also see Democracy (REAL democracy) and totalitarianism as mutually exclusive also.
      ... but they aren't mutually exclusive. Seriously, "communism" and "capitalism" are economic terms; they have to do with property, and ownership. "Totalitarianism" and "democracy" are political terms; they have to do with power (if you will) and social control. So, democracy and totalitarianism are mutually exclusive, as are communism and capitalism (although the Chinese are trying to mix them), but communism is still communism whatever political structure it exists under, be it a self perpetuating oligarchy or a democracy. This is an important point.
      Not all communist societies have completely failed.
      This is true. I said that capitalisms have a much better chance of surviving than communisms, as evidenced by the number and strength of the world's capitalisms, vs the number and strength of the world's communisms. Even the most powerful communism, China, has been slowly converting to capitalism; they have to, to compete.
      They have one car for 15 people, whoever signs up for a certain date first gets to use the car
      This is great; they must have a good public transportation system as well, or else you'd have 14 stranded people every day.
      Probably the one thing I feel good generalizing about as regards Communism is that it's very easily applied to small scale communities, like families, churches, and workplaces. It's not so easily applied to nation/states, and it tends to get harder the larger the nation/state gets.
      Why do you think this is?

      --- SER

  9. Local interest: STSI by jfengel · · Score: 3, Informative

    I really like having Ms. Mikulski as senator, and I've voted for her each time she's been elected, but I should point out that the reason that she's pushing this isn't that she cares about getting hi-res pictures of aliens. The Space Telescope Science Institute is in Baltimore, MD, her home state, as well as NASA's Goddard facility.

    That's what representatives of any sort do: they fight for their local interests. If they didn't do that, the voters would elect somebody who did. Unfortunately, without a fixed budget cap, that generally means deals of the form "You vote for my thing, so I'll vote for your thing, and the only one who loses is the guy who eventually has to pay off the debt."

    So while I like Ms. Mikulski, and I support the "measly" few dozens of millions of dollars it would take to keep getting great science from Hubble, I thought a bit of disclosure would be appropriate.

    1. Re:Local interest: STSI by helioquake · · Score: 1

      I would expect a good politician to stand up for cause to support both their constituents and the nation. If he or she does anything else, the person should not be in the senate.

      And as for the servicing...I'm willing to bet $100 that any attempt to a robotic rescue mission would fail. It's really hard to unscrew 100s of bolts in space. And the HST needs a deorbit module anyway.

      So if we are to service the HST, my recommendation is to (1) design and complete a deorbit module right away, (2) complete the development of the WF3 (the COS is done), (3) produce the replacements for failed gyros, batteries and solar panel, (4) prepare astronauts to attach all (1) - (3) in one mission. It'd be nice if they can fix STIS as well, but then I'm asking from astronauts way too much already and I probably shouldn't push my luck...

      I still think that we should let it die without servicing. But if there is no plausible way to bring up a deorbiting unit onto the HST and a shuttle servicing is required to attach the putative module, then we might as well service it to let it last another decade.

    2. Re:Local interest: STSI by jfengel · · Score: 1

      Despite my support for it in the grandparent post, I'm still extremely torn about Big Science projects. For $100 million you could support a fifty thousand grad students for a year, and grad students are the bedrock of science. Or you could support ten thousand grad students to their PhDs.

      And while I'm a huge fan of the Big Questions that the Hubble helps answer, those are questions we've been pursuing for five thousand years. They're not imperative, the way AIDS and cancer are. You'll learn more about human beings by funding digs in Ethiopia, or developing more advanced fMRIs to study human cognition. If we go another decade or two without a telescope in space, it seems a reasonable period to wait after all these centuries.

      Your plan seems like a good one. Since it needs a deorbit module anyway, we could probably find a way to get a few extra years out of it with marginal costs.

      It's too bad that they didn't think of the end-of-life in the first place, except of course that it's more weight and cost, and they expected regular cheap servicing from the Shuttle when they designed it. I think that they actually expected to bring it back in the Shuttle as a souvenir. Too bad that turned out to be more Big Science with a smaller-than-hoped payoff.

    3. Re:Local interest: STSI by helioquake · · Score: 1

      Actually $100M support only about 5,000 graduate students with all the overhead cost.

      And the exit plan for the Hubble was to bring it back on earth with the Columbia. There was a concern that the landing gears may not hold up with all the
      additional weight of the HST, but we were pretty sure that that was what NASA wanted to do.

  10. Maybe its me by mattmentecky · · Score: 1, Insightful

    Maybe its just me, but doesnt it seem odd that Congress is meddling in NASA's affairs? Granted, when it all comes down to budget it is in Congress's hands, but don't you think NASA knows whats best for itself?

    1. Re:Maybe its me by Politburo · · Score: 1

      Maybe its just me, but doesnt it seem odd that Congress is meddling in NASA's affairs?

      It's just you. Please do some reading about how our government actually functions.

    2. Re:Maybe its me by tsotha · · Score: 1

      Whaaaah? Congress's primary purpose it to raise taxes and allocate funds. The government simply wouldn't work at all if every agency was free to disregard Congress once the money arrived. It's Congress's job to "meddle in NASA's affairs.

    3. Re:Maybe its me by bigpat · · Score: 1

      +1 funny

  11. it's not about that by Yonkeltron · · Score: 4, Insightful

    i might get modded down for this but it needs to be said.

    it's not about whether robots or humans are used. it's about the hubble being a piece of crap that needs to be replaced in order for us to move forward. the hubble is obsolete because of the fact that there are cheaper and better telescope projects out there that should be initiated. some of those programs are mentioned here on /. all the time!

    it's a wonder that we haven't listened to the independant experts and just thrownit out to lagrange point to work as long as it can.

    i really feel like NASA needs to let this one die so we can move forward.

    --
    Keep the faith, share the code
    1. Re:it's not about that by jesterzog · · Score: 1

      the hubble is obsolete because of the fact that there are cheaper and better telescope projects out there that should be initiated. some of those programs are mentioned here on /. all the time!

      I must have missed discussion of these projects that make the Hubble obsolete. Please enlighten us.

  12. Follow the Money by dosguru · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Sen Mikulski is the senator from Maryland, where the Hubble is HQ'd. IIRC, it was HQ'd in her old district when she was in the House.

    I support the Hubble and think that we should fix it, but remember to follow the money as well. She has a lot of her voters that depend on Hubble for their paycheck.

    1. Re:Follow the Money by UWC · · Score: 1

      So you're following the money... to the people who would be employed to keep the Hubble successful. You make it sound like some big business comspiracy, but it's a senator supprting something that would benefit her constituents. I'm not sure I see the problem there. This sounds like some kind of "Bah! This is just a blatant bid for re-election by proposing actions that benefit her constituents. It's like she's just in the Senate to represent them or something! Ridiculous!"

  13. Pork Barrel alert! by (void*) · · Score: 2, Insightful

    I'd rather NASA spend the money on maintaining
    contact with the Pioneer spavce probes. It has taken
    30 years for them to get there, and now, when
    they are at the edge of the solar system is where
    the scientifically interesting data can be found.
    Don't drop the ball!

    1. Re:Pork Barrel alert! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
      I'd rather NASA spend the money on maintaining
      contact with the Pioneer spavce probes. It has taken
      30 years for them to get there, and now, when
      they are at the edge of the solar system is where
      the scientifically interesting data can be found.
      Don't drop the ball!


      I believe the Pioneer probes are lost, either due to inadequate power, or not enough propellant to keep them pointed at Earth. The Voyager probers are still working though; according to JPL, "Once a week per spacecraft, 48 seconds of high rate (115.2 kbps) PWS data are recorded onto the Digital Tape Recorder (DTR) for later playback." I don't imagine that it takes many resources to listen for that data for a bit, then get back to Cassini and the spacecraft at Mars for the real data surges.
    2. Re:Pork Barrel alert! by Zerbey · · Score: 1

      The consensus is that the Pioneer probes have run out of power and are not reachable. An interesting mission would be to building something more powerful than the current relays we have on Earth and try to contact at least one of them to confirm this, but I doubt the money is there.

    3. Re:Pork Barrel alert! by shiftless · · Score: 1

      Um, the Pioneer probes have been out of contact for years.

  14. ...or join one by waynegoode · · Score: 3, Interesting
    If the Senator wants Hubble serviced, he can join or start a voluntary organization to do exactly that.

    Or join one already started and make a contribution.

    1. Re:...or join one by martysdomain · · Score: 1

      goddamn its not hard, just fix the thing, if they didnt cut the budget for it, they wouldnt have to putz around, plus they need to ditch the shuttle for something newer anyway

  15. I see your bullshit and raise you a horseshit by Ohreally_factor · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Good argument!! Unfortunately for your argument, most scientists involved are in favor of repairing the Hubble, and it was a political decision by a non-scientist political appointee to NOT repair it.

    Dumbshit.

    (No, I don't think you're a dumbshit. It just fit the fecal theme of this post.)

    --
    It's not offtopic, dumbass. It's orthogonal.
    1. Re:I see your bullshit and raise you a horseshit by MyLongNickName · · Score: 1

      Even though it would be cheaper to send up a brand new "hubble" with more capabilities than it would to repair the current one?

      --
      See my journal for slashdot ID's by year. Mine created in 2005. http://slashdot.org/journal/289875/slashdot-ids-by-year
    2. Re:I see your bullshit and raise you a horseshit by Clay+Pigeon+-TPF-VS- · · Score: 1, Offtopic

      New sats arent cheap...

      --
      Viral software licensing is not freedom, it is in fact GNU/Socialism.
    3. Re:I see your bullshit and raise you a horseshit by b-baggins · · Score: 0
      most scientists involved are in favor of repairing the Hubble,

      Nice try, but the parent said experts. That would be the engineers involved the actual mechanics of the operation, not the astronomers who want to keep using the telescope.

      --
      You can tell a great deal about the character of a man by observing those who hate him.
    4. Re:I see your bullshit and raise you a horseshit by MindStalker · · Score: 2, Informative

      I havn't ever found a clear cost analysis of it. But basically yes its more expensive to fix hubble than to launch a new version but there are two important considerations being left out of the argument generally.
      1. New version won't be ready for many years.
      2. We are going to have to send a manned or robotic mission to saftly deorbit the satallie.
      3. Cost of fixing hubble - cost we are going to have to spend to deorbit hubble is fairly low and I believe less than new version.

    5. Re:I see your bullshit and raise you a horseshit by Ohreally_factor · · Score: 1

      Well, maybe we should hear from the engineers, rather than a political appointee who declares such a mission as too risky, when no risk study was even undertaken. Do you think he consulted his image consultant and maybe he means politically risky?

      --
      It's not offtopic, dumbass. It's orthogonal.
    6. Re:I see your bullshit and raise you a horseshit by rtz · · Score: 1
      Even though it would be cheaper to send up a brand new "hubble" with more capabilities than it would to repair the current one?


      Nice try, but there is no way you will get a new telescope for the cost of a service mission, and it will not be in place for at least a decade. In the mean time, Hubble is dead and we're stuck with ground based observations. No matter how big a ground observatory is, and no matter how clever its adaptive optics, it will not be able to observe in the frequencies that are absorbed by the atmosphere.

      No one is arguing against a successor to Hubble, but we need to keep Hubble alive until the replacement is in place.
    7. Re:I see your bullshit and raise you a horseshit by MyLongNickName · · Score: 1

      How many shuttle missions do we have a year? This one would chew up one of those missions. I would call sending a mission up just to repair this thing very expensive.

      As far as a gap period... yes, we would have a gap period. I somehow doubt, though, that in a multi-billion year old universe, that having a three or four year gap is going to lose data.

      Yes, it would suck not having data coming in. But I would rather see the money go into building something with a wider wavelength capability, and with a longer life-time.

      Sometimes to win long-term, you have to make short-term sacrifices (in fact, it is almost always so).

      I do not see a US Congressperson being the best decision maker in this case. If they were, we would not be running a 500 billion dollar deficit.

      --
      See my journal for slashdot ID's by year. Mine created in 2005. http://slashdot.org/journal/289875/slashdot-ids-by-year
    8. Re:I see your bullshit and raise you a horseshit by KUHurdler · · Score: 1

      Im no rocket scientist, but I've always wondered why we can't just equip every satellite with enough equipment to shoot themselves toward jupiter (or wherever) when they become obsolete. Why do we have to keep bringing this crap back down to earth again?

      --
      Fix Your Own TV - RiddledTV.com Avoid the Landfill
    9. Re:I see your bullshit and raise you a horseshit by CrackedButter · · Score: 2, Interesting


      A four year delay does not seem that bad but its effect is culminative. Where we are now in terms of understanding what is out there and what we are doing out there is further pushed back. The 60's seemed to be the decade of exploration and learning. We should be on the moon or mars by now, issues such as political games and money have already delayed our advancement. This delay would only add more to the pile of 30 years already accrewed.
      However this delay is never seen nor tangible... thus pushed aside for later to our detriment.

    10. Re:I see your bullshit and raise you a horseshit by gstoddart · · Score: 1
      Im no rocket scientist, but I've always wondered why we can't just equip every satellite with enough equipment to shoot themselves toward jupiter (or wherever) when they become obsolete. Why do we have to keep bringing this crap back down to earth again?

      Because the energy requirements to do something like that are very high.

      They'd have to build sattelites which had a whole lot of their weight taken up by fuel and/or propulsion equipment. That weight contrtibutes to the cost of raising the sattelite in the first place. And something like $10,000/pound to put into orbit that's expensive.

      I'm no rocket scientist either, but it's hardly easy to just send your sattelites off into space.
      --
      Lost at C:>. Found at C.
    11. Re:I see your bullshit and raise you a horseshit by L7_ · · Score: 1

      they are cheaper than sending manned missions up to repair old things.

      the problem is that with the war, there is no money to do either. and that is the politicians.

    12. Re:I see your bullshit and raise you a horseshit by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I believe most satellites aren't really that high up. To shoot themselves toward Jupiter they need to reach escape velocity which would require a considerable amount of extra fuel.

    13. Re:I see your bullshit and raise you a horseshit by twiddlingbits · · Score: 1

      Horseshit is about right. ALL your points are wrong. I worked on Hubble. The next generation instruments have BEEN ready they are stored in Dry Nitrogen now at GSFC. HST will deorbit just fine, UNLESS we let it get down to less than two good gyros then it's iffy. With three good gyros we can get it to come down just about anywhere. Fixing HST is expensive, but its not the costs of the HST parts it's the $1B plus STS mission. As of right now the Return To Flight rules say STS can't go to HST because they require a visual checkout of the orbiter prior to de-orbiting and that means a visit to ISS. Also ISS is the "sanctuary" in case something did go wrong. The STS can't carrry enough on-board fuel to reach HST and ISS on the same mission. The launch profile for each destination is much different since they are each in different orbits altitudes and types.

    14. Re:I see your bullshit and raise you a horseshit by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Hubble was built around the capabilities of the space shuttle. Only the space shuttle is cabable of lifting it into orbit, so any replacement based on hubble is going to have to be lifted using another shuttle anyhow. It will cost more than the original.

      You could make a smaller one that could be launched on a typical rocket, but would it perform as good?

    15. Re:I see your bullshit and raise you a horseshit by MindStalker · · Score: 1

      Yes, am remember boys and girls the rules for arguing on the internet. ALWAYS claim to have expert knowledge of the subject at hand, with no proof of such. (Just making the point that you shouldn't claim you work there if you can't prove it). And whats with all the TLAs?

      So why do all the articles state that we need to send a manned mission to deorbit Hubble, if you say it can be deorbited now without it, or is that not what your saying. Because if its not you are very confusing in your writting style. Or what that the intent?

    16. Re:I see your bullshit and raise you a horseshit by twiddlingbits · · Score: 1

      You haven't read my posts on this topic over the past couple years have you? And one yesterday as well. Why risk lives and a STS to DE-ORBIT HST? It costs just as much to go there to fix or de-orbit and the new devices are ready. Point me to an article by a credible source that backs your claim. I know what I worked on when I was at NASA. Want the name of my supervisor and co-workers? I know at least one of them comes around here once in a while.

    17. Re:I see your bullshit and raise you a horseshit by MindStalker · · Score: 1

      Ok so you are now arguing for fixing it because do-orbiting cost of shuttle mission. While in the previous post you were aruging that it shouldn't be fixed. I'm guessing your implying that it can be deorbited now without a mission. But you arn't very clear on that. Why havn't I heard this arugment raised before. Yes if it can be deorbited NOW without any cost, definatly that is the best option.

    18. Re:I see your bullshit and raise you a horseshit by twiddlingbits · · Score: 1

      Yes, it can be de-orbited with not mission IF IF IF they do it before the control gyro's go completely dead. That point is predicted to occur in the next 3-4 years. If they wait till there are not enough good gyros, it will eventually de-orbit on it's own but as far as I know there is not a prediction of where it might land. There are just too many variables to predict with any accuracy the re-entry with zero control. My point is sending a "de-orbit mission" has certain fixed costs, so why not fix it AND also prepare it for de-orbit at some point in the future should the need arise. That way they can wring all the science out of it until they lose too many gyros and then they can direct the re-entry. That solution gives you a win-win situation and makes the politicians happy too.

    19. Re:I see your bullshit and raise you a horseshit by Dashing+Leech · · Score: 1
      "... when no risk study was even undertaken."

      NASA cannot send a manned shuttle to Hubble and meet the requirements of the CAIB report. In order to meet these requirements they need an automated inspection and repair system. They are just now getting the final process in place for meeting the requirements for return-to-flight of the shuttles to the ISS which has taken more than 2 years. The ISS version is easy compared to the requirements for Hubble. They don't even have solid ideas on how they might meet those requirements yet. We are talking many years and huge development costs in such a system while at the same time getting back to the ISS schedule and planning for the future changes to the program (retiring shuttles, building the Crew Exploration Vehicle, Moon and Mars plan, etc.)

      If NASA is going to send the shuttle to Hubble, and it's still a possibility, it will have to violate its commitment to meeting the CAIB report recommendations. It is that simple. I work with NASA and astronauts and this is their exact position on Hubble. The manned mission is still on the table, and two robotic missions are in the planning. Nothing is set in stone. There is a new administrator coming on board too, so things may change.

  16. Wow... by tmleafsar · · Score: 1, Offtopic

    ...for $291 million, i better be able to get some nice shots of my hot neighbor in the shower.

  17. Buying time on Hubble by Ford+Prefect · · Score: 3, Informative

    Probably been mentioned already, but a work-around for one of the major limiting factors for the Hubble's lifetime has already been found, that being the number of working gyroscopes available.

    After repair, the telescope has six gyroscopes (used for pointing and stabilising the device, without any messy reaction mass involved), and it needed at least three to point accurately. There are currently only four working ones left - they're somewhat unreliable.

    However, a way of pointing the telescope with just two working gyroscopes has been tested recently, which should extend the lifespan a little - possibly until 2008. I still doubt that a full-scale repair mission will be launched, but this might help in filling the gap until a replacement is finalised...

    --
    Tedious Bloggy Stuff - hooray?
  18. Null Task = $175 Million by gravityzone · · Score: 2, Interesting

    It's costing the U.S. taxpayers $175 million for NASA to determine it won't do anything to save the Hubble? Why does it take so much money to decide go/nogo? (Don't answer that. I already know: It's the government bureaucracy, stoopid.)

    If they've already decided, what were they planning on spending that $175m on?

    1. Re:Null Task = $175 Million by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Try reading the article instead of making childish knee-jerk anti-government rantings. The answer is in there.

  19. Why the controversy? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Insightful
    Odd thing about all the controversy of this servicing mission - had Columbia not been lost, the money would have been there, Hubble would have been serviced, and that'd be it. But now, because Columbia went down, killing those aboard, we suddenly are being led to believe that space travel is now much more dangerous that the previous 100+ missions the shuttles have flown? I am positive that there are people out there that are willing to crew the shuttle and repair Hubble, fully knowing the risks involved. Everyone who steps on the shuttle knows there are risks. Alternately, if we can build a good replacement for Hubble in a reasonable time frame, and launch it, cheaper than the cost of repairing Hubble, then that would of course be the reasonable option.
    In the troubled times we live in, we cannot spare the money for this sort of pie-in-the-sky space fantasy. We have a moral obligation to westernize the middle east - the future of the world depends on it. They must live in democracies, and, if possible, worship in Christian churches.
    And if anyone comes here, telling us that they have an even better way of living, and that we worship in accordance with their religion, we'll just quietly and politely oblige, right?
    1. Re:Why the controversy? by bluGill · · Score: 1

      You miss one important point: there are only 3 shuttles left. Back before the Columbia accident there was a full list of missions planned for 4 shuttles. Now we have lost one of those shuttles, and a couple years while we figure out how to prevent it again. Something has to be dropped from the schedule: 1 shuttles worth of work. (Not one trip, many trips).

      There is no choice, they US only has one method of getting people into space, it is limited, and cannot be expanded in the near future. (We have no working designs. Even building a new shuttle would take years, and it would be stupid to reuse a 30 year old experimental design today)

      Something has to give. The US has committed to doing ISS, and in fact committed ISS missions are enough to take up the remaining shuttle fleet.

      It isn't about money, though that is always an issue. It is about the work we have to do.

  20. Oooooohhhhhh, SENATOR! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
  21. Its you by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Informative

    "But doesnt it seem odd that Congress is meddling in NASA's affairs?"

    No. Congress does the budget, congress does the taxes. They have the right to insist the money is spent for what its allocated on.

    If the Pentagon wants to build a bunch of battleships, but the congress gave them money for air craft carriers, I think congress would have a say in it.

    This is no different.

  22. Wanna know something even more ominous? by Spytap · · Score: 1

    They're stopping all funding of the Voyager probes as well:
    http://www.spacedaily.com/news/voyager1-05a .html

    Good. Infinite billions for a war, but 4.2 Million a year is too much for science....really shows the priorities here...

    1. Re:Wanna know something even more ominous? by PsiPsiStar · · Score: 2, Funny

      We should stick a laser on the things and tell congress that it can shoot down nukes.

      Heck, I do wonder if, before this thing runs out of gyroscopes, we could turn it around the other way and have it take pictures of Earth, permanently.

      --

      ___
      It's the end of my comment as I know it and I feel fine.
    2. Re:Wanna know something even more ominous? by kebes · · Score: 1

      For the record, NASA has not confirmed it is cancelling the Voyager missions. In yesterday's issue of Nature, NASA spokes-woman Gretchen Cook-Anderson is quoted as saying "There's been no final decision at NASA headquarters to terminate any of these missions, despite what budget figures may imply." The missions are uncertain, and physicists are lobying NASA to maintain funding... but nothing is final yet.

  23. Why are we talking about this again!??? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    A couple of dats ago Slashdot posted a pointer to a big, bad NASA story suggesting that NASA HQ did not do all of its homework when deciding not to service Hubble. And we had lots of post both for and against, and I'm sure we'll see the same posts here.

    By talking up this story, you are being played by political forces. NASA/Goddard is in Sen. Mikulski's jurisdiction -- so of course she is going to complain on behalf of those who will lose their paychecks.

    She has a history of this. Several years ago, before her re-election, three California congressmen submitted legislation to move NASA/GSFC to NASA Ames in California. It was ridiculous on it face and went nowhere. But when election time came around, Sen. Mikulski ran radio ad after radio ad stating how she single handedly saved 3000 jobs at NASA/Goddard.

    I said it before and I'll say it again. Time moves by. NASA HQ decided to decommission Hubble and divert the money to new programs. Some people will lose paychecks, that's life! Grow up! And if you currently get paid by Hubble related money, then try to find a job with JWST.

  24. NASA is sly by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    Since the shuttle accident NASA has been on the defensive about keeping the shuttles flying.

    After proposing an obvious non-starter of fixing the Hubble robotically, suddenly everyone is pushing for another flight.

    I'm on NASA's side but this is uncharacteristically political (and smart) move.

    1. Re:NASA is sly by bjomo · · Score: 1

      There are many people who are whole heartedly behind the robotics servicing mission. It would be a great boost the the robotics expertise that will be required to carry out the mandates of future exploration. Those working on the robotics mission have won over most of the people that have come to see the capabilities they can demonstrate. People don't want to spend all that money JUST to save HST. What some fail to realize is the investment in future missions that would be made by going forth with the HST robotic service mission.

  25. Extraordinarily simple solution: by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2

    Here's a wild-and-crazy idea, and it only boils down to two steps:

    1) Build a new Hubble telescope with current technology.
    2) Launch it on an expendable booster.

    This is already done for military imaging satellites every few years.

    Everyone's focus is on 'fixing Hubble' when it should be on 'ensuring the availability of a high-quality astronomical observatory in orbit'.

    Quick dickin' around and do the job right!

    1. Re:Extraordinarily simple solution: by DeathPenguin · · Score: 1

      >>Everyone's focus is on 'fixing Hubble' when it should be on 'ensuring the availability of a high-quality astronomical observatory in orbit'.

      Everyone's focus is on 'fixing Hubble' because the smart people at NASA originally told them to focus there. That's why they got over a quater billion dollars in funding to do it. NASA changed their focus to something better, but failed to tell the people who were paying for the original project. See the conflict?

      It doesn't matter that NASA's new plan is better than the original. They, like all government funded agencies, simply cannot flip-flop like this.

    2. Re:Extraordinarily simple solution: by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      >It doesn't matter that NASA's new plan is better
      >than the original.

      NASA's new plan isn't better than the original. It's yet another piss-poor attempt to justify Shuttle.

      Shuttle has been an extraordinarily inefficient platform for satellite servicing and is not the best way to support spacecraft. If it were, all commercial hardware would be Shuttle-serviced as well.

      Hubble should be treated the same as all other spacecraft: If it's obsolete, launch a replacement and de-orbit the original.

      Quit trying to complicate the problem by adding in astronauts, servicing robots and other extraneous crap.

  26. It only makes sense by Enigma_Man · · Score: 1

    The Hubble could be replaced by newer technology, and they need to spend the money elsewhere (like on keeping Voyager et al data processing active).

    I think it's hilarious to see the same people here congratulating the politician, and then getting mad at NASA not having the money to keep Voyager data processing going (instead, they spend it on stuff like repairing, or even worse, rescuing the Hubble).

    -Jesse

    --
    Nothing says "unprofessional job" like wrinkles in your duct tape.
  27. Robotically-serviceable Hubble successor by pdmoderator · · Score: 1

    The Hubble operational concept presumes periodic repair by human crews. It is extremely expensive and dangerous to send human crews into space. This is not likely to change anytime soon. And trying to develop robots to service Hubble is a neat idea, but doing it on a tight time frame before Hubble breaks down completely is like pushing a rope.

    One way to proceed would be not to risk any more lives on service missions, but instead to fly a replacement of Hubble that can be serviced robotically. (And, of course, to build the robots to service it.)

    For some of NASA's planned missions that are going to be orbiting at 4000 miles AGL, robotic servicing isn't just a good idea, it'll be necessary.

  28. Wait a minute by washley · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Wasn't there a Slashdot story a while back saying that we could send up a NEW space telescope for less? What's the sense in fixing Hubble if we can get a better, brand new, space telescope for less money.

    1. Re:Wait a minute by DeathPenguin · · Score: 1

      You're thinking about from a practical standpoint. And you're right. However, the issue is not that NASA came up with a better plan than to service Hubble, the issue is that NASA was given a bunch of money to fund an expensive service trip and instead decided to spend the money on something else.

      While it may make perfect sense to everyone outside D.C. to take the money originally appropriated, do something better with it, and use the remaining funds to do more cool NASA stuff, it doesn't quite click with the Appropriations Committee where they have to worry about spending too much taxpayer money.

      NASA only needed $175 million in the end. They requested over $100 million more than that for the original plan and got it. They should've told the Appropriations Committee sooner so that they could have adjusted the amount of money to give to NASA and saved us taxpayers some money. It doesn't matter that the new plan will leave NASA will some excess funds. The money given to them for servicing a telescope *MUST* be used for servicing a telescope.

      Think of it this way: When a student recieves his/her student loan check, do they buy books and pay for tuition with it as intended? Or do they use it to put a down payment on a new car? The student may see the new car as best way to spend the money, but obviously that's not what the money was intended for. Though NASA did not waste money like that, they did take the money that was intended for one thing and decide to do something else with it. The fact that NASA's new plan happens to save money and is a good thing in general doesn't really matter to the Appropriations Committee. They gave NASA a bunch of money to do something specific and they're pissed off that NASA wants to do something else with it.

    2. Re:Wait a minute by bjomo · · Score: 1

      The sense of fixing Hubble with a robotic mission is that you get more than just a fixed telescope for your money. NASA would be building the robotics expertise that will be required to carry out the missions we will see in the future. Robotic lunar/martian exploration. There is much more benefit from the robotics mission that most people are giving credit.

  29. Put Hubble out to pasture by chiph · · Score: 1

    Hubble has done great things for orbital astronomy. But there are better designs on the drawing-boards, and for the cost of a rescue mission for a 20-year old design (launched in 1990, designed earlier than that), we could have a superior instrument to use for the next 15 years.

    If there's a need/desire to put it in the Smithsonian or something, perhaps a booster rocket can be built to dock with it, and push it higher into a parking orbit for later retrieval. A pusher-bot would be a lot easier/cheaper to build and operate than a repair-bot vehicle.

    Chip H.

    1. Re:Put Hubble out to pasture by bjomo · · Score: 1

      The "pusher-bot" as you called it is already apart of the mission weather we save HST or not. Althought it will be pushing in the other direction. Its called the deorbit module. It is half of the robotic mission that will fly regardless of the decision to save HST.

  30. Space hardware is not designed to last forever! by arthurh3535 · · Score: 2, Insightful
    Or be servicable forever! While the Hubble is an amazing device that expanded our knowledge considerably, it's far past what it was actually expected to do.

    It's great that they were able to extend its life and get it to do things that it wasn't really designed to do originally.

    But there is a replacement being designed/built. Let's go with that.

    --
    No! It's a *SIG*. Keep the Special Interest Groups away! (Con joke!)
    1. Re:Space hardware is not designed to last forever! by barakn · · Score: 1

      Which replacement? James Webb S.T. is not a replacement, because it's not designed to see the same wavelengths.

      --
      "I'm so moist I'm sticking to the leather." -Kermit the Frog on The Late Late Show
  31. Kill the Shuttle by jasenj1 · · Score: 1

    Why is the US limited to a single launch vehicle for human payloads? The shuttle has proven hugely expensive to launch and maintain. Why don't we have our astronauts hitch a ride on a Russian rocket for this mission?

    The shuttle was a good first try. I'm sure we've learned a lot about reusable space vehicles, and many other things. But it has proven hugely complex and dangerous. Get rid of it and move on to another launch vehicle. The sooner the better.

    - Jasen.

    1. Re:Kill the Shuttle by Detritus · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Where are the astronauts going to put the parts and tools that they need, not to mention the manipulator arm? Hide them in Cartman's butt?

      --
      Mea navis aericumbens anguillis abundat
    2. Re:Kill the Shuttle by bjomo · · Score: 1

      Its called the Crew Exploration Vehicle. Its coming...

  32. Maryland represent! by Ignorant+Aardvark · · Score: 2, Funny

    Hell yeah! I know I voted for Barbara Mikulski for a reason.

  33. Wrong by MattHaffner · · Score: 4, Informative
    ...but in terms of its mission statement it will largely replace what Hubble is doing now.

    First of all, NASA almost never builds straight replacement instruments. They are always focused on something new. JWST will not replace Hubble by any means. In fact, if both were up at the same time (sustained, not about-to-be-junk), the amount of additional science able to come from their complementary instrumentation should be reason alone to keep Hubble strong until it launches.

    Astronomy in the ultraviolet is all but mothballed for a decade if one of the instruments (Cosmic Origins Spectrograph, COS) slated for installation in Hubble does not make it to orbit somehow. The only functioning instrument right now is GALEX, an imaging experiment.

    However, when we obtain spectra, the ultraviolet, more than any other waveband, gives us tremendous direct information about the atomic composition of many astronomical objects. (Molecules are best studied in the radio part of the spectrum. Solid particles [e.g. dust] in the infrared).

    JWST will not fill this gap. It will be a great loss and put a halt to a wealth of knowledge gained from ultraviolet spectroscopy that began about three decades ago.
  34. It's good to live in third-world nation America by WillAffleckUW · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Where the Japanese and Chinese and Europeans have their acts together while we stop spending on Science.

    Sigh.

    --
    -- Tigger warning: This post may contain tiggers! --
    1. Re:It's good to live in third-world nation America by DeathPenguin · · Score: 1

      Did you RTFA? The commonly-portrayed-as-evil politicians in this case actually GAVE NASA MORE MONEY than NASA really needed.

      The problem isn't how much money NASA got. From TFA: "In the meantime, she said, she expects NASA to spend every penny of the $291 million included in the 2005 budget for Hubble servicing."

      The problem is that NASA said they were going to do one thing with the money, then said that they'd do another thing with it instead. While that other thing may be better than the original plan, that's not how the money was meant to be spent.

    2. Re:It's good to live in third-world nation America by blengino · · Score: 1

      Hey I live in an American third-world nation, you insensitive clod

      --
      Sorry about my bad english, isn't my natural language
      America starts in Tierra del Fuego and ends in Alaska
    3. Re:It's good to live in third-world nation America by WillAffleckUW · · Score: 1

      No Hubble means we're third-world, no matter how you slice it.

      --
      -- Tigger warning: This post may contain tiggers! --
    4. Re:It's good to live in third-world nation America by WillAffleckUW · · Score: 1

      great, glad that we here in the USA are now in your league - in fact, today I was just talking with some scientists and we're expecting Brazil will churn out more useful stuff than we will for some sequencing data.

      --
      -- Tigger warning: This post may contain tiggers! --
  35. Whats wrong with this picture? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Let me get this straight, we built a shuttle to enable easy cheap access to orbit, we have a billion dollar telescope in orbit that we can't afford to repair cause it costs too much to send people up there to fix it. hmmm...

  36. New One Cheaper by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I read somewhere that it would be cheaper to build a new better one. Why don't they just do that?

  37. Really? by MattHaffner · · Score: 2

    it's about the hubble being a piece of crap that needs to be replaced in order for us to move forward.

    Well, maybe I'm biased being an astronomer and all, but with Hubble data being used in about 1 out of 2-3 papers I read, mentioned in about a similar number of talks, and proposed to by about 1/2 the astronomers I know at least every other year, I think (well, really I know) a lot of us "non-experts" would be happy to have the money spent to continue the "piece of crap".

    But what do I know. I don't work for NASA. It's good to have opinions from independent sources like yourself to let us know when the field has become stagnant.

  38. Re:Civics 101 by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Informative

    Of course all this means she is doing her job as a Congressional Representative. She is supposed to represent the interests of her district, even when discussing national intrests

  39. The Senator from GSFC by bware · · Score: 0

    No surprises here - this is pork barrel, nothing else.

  40. I want to know why... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    You used an apostrophe to make a plural?

  41. Shuttle failure rate accurate by Stankatz · · Score: 1

    I believe that when the shuttle was designed it was expected to have a 1 in 50 failure rate.. 2 out of 101 is what was expected

    1. Re:Shuttle failure rate accurate by Xolotl · · Score: 1

      The famous physicist Richard Feynman, who was on the investigation panel after the Challenger explosion, estimated the failure rate to be "of the order of one percent", or 1 in 100. when at the time NASA management (not the engineers) had been claiming a rate of 1 in 100000. He based his reasoning on estimates of the failure rates of the individual subystems. You can read his arguments here.

  42. This is the Problem with NASA by NeuroAcid · · Score: 1

    Why would any scientific organization, including government created and funded ones, like NASA, listen to a senator? I will admit I know very little about this particular senator, but I'm fairly certain they are more lawyer/politician then scientist/explorer. If NASA keeps playing politics like this, they will hurt more then help our future in space. Do what is good for science, not what is good for some politican to get votes.

    --
    "I don't need drugs to enjoy this, just to enhance it" - Otto
    1. Re:This is the Problem with NASA by Politburo · · Score: 1

      Why would any scientific organization, including government created and funded ones, like NASA, listen to a senator?

      The answer is in your question: government created and funded. All government funding ultimately comes from Congress. The Senate is part of the Congress, and a Senator is a member of the Senate. QED.

    2. Re:This is the Problem with NASA by DeathPenguin · · Score: 1

      >> Why would any scientific organization, including government created and funded ones, like NASA, listen to a senator?

      Because the House and Senate Appropriations Committees are the people who pay their bills and let them exist.

      From the article:
      "Government agencies are required to seek permission from congressional appropriators before using money for purposes other than which it was originally approved."

      The money was originally meant for a repair mission. NASA got the money (Over a quarter billion) and then revealed a plan that would spend only $175 million. Agencies are not allowed to request huge sums of money and then use it for another purpose, even if that purpose just happens to be better (Perhaps launching a new telescope to replace Hubble?).

      >>Do what is good for science, not what is good for some politican to get votes.

      Misappropriation of funds does not help politicians get more votes. If anything, it hurts them because it means the government spent more money than it needed to. While you, me, and a bunch of Slashdotters may think that science is paramount there are others who don't agree.

    3. Re:This is the Problem with NASA by gatkinso · · Score: 1

      Mikulski is Jr Senator in MD.

      Space Telescope Science Institute is in MD. Goddard Space Flight Center is in MD. Mikulski is a great defender of NASA's budget. They better listen to her if they like getting $.

      --
      I am very small, utmostly microscopic.
    4. Re:This is the Problem with NASA by NeuroAcid · · Score: 1

      I'm well aware of why senators have a say in how NASA spends the money it is given, I just don't understand why NASA doesn't stand up for itself. I haven't once hear anyone at NASA say, this is what we would like to do with the money, this is best for science, however, your senators are forcing us to do this. I haven't once heard someone from NASA say somethng like, we would really like to build a telescope on the darkside of the moon(I heard once that is an ideal place), we have the funds to do it, but congress decided we need more safety research or whatever.

      --
      "I don't need drugs to enjoy this, just to enhance it" - Otto
    5. Re:This is the Problem with NASA by DeathPenguin · · Score: 1

      >>I'm well aware of why senators have a say in how NASA spends the money it is given, I just don't understand why NASA doesn't stand up for itself

      Because they screwed up in this case. They knew the rules and did not obey them.

  43. THAN! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    The shuttles are no more dangerous now then they were

    Not a single story can be posted on Slashdot without at least one person confusing then with than.
    They aren't even pronounced the same. WTF is wrong with you people?

    1. Re:THAN! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      It's called a typo. I know the difference between the two, and I usually catch errors in proof-reading. But when you pound something out quickly, errors are bound to happen. Especially when you're trained to type words in the most common fashion. Thus the common errors of,

      your instead of you're
      there instead of their or they're
      then instead of than
      loose instead of lose

      These sorts of errors are a fact of life. Live with them. -AKAIB

  44. Let US decide where to spend the money by sfjoe · · Score: 2, Funny

    Wouldn't it be great if on your annual tax returns you could fill out a form to indicate what percentage of your taxes go to which area of government (defense, education, environment, health care) ?

    If that happened, I bet the schools would have enough boooks for all the students and the Pentagon would have to hold bake sales to fund their wars.

    --
    It's simple: I demand prosecution for torture.
    1. Re:Let US decide where to spend the money by DeathPenguin · · Score: 1

      That would be great. Then when someone decided to launch an attack against the civilian population or threaten sovereignty, we can rely on an underpowered, unprepared military force to not protect us.

      Good one, they should really take that into consideration.

    2. Re:Let US decide where to spend the money by Politburo · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Wouldn't it be great if on your annual tax returns you could fill out a form to indicate what percentage of your taxes go to which area of government (defense, education, environment, health care) ?

      No. See: tyranny of the majority.

    3. Re:Let US decide where to spend the money by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Wrong!

      You would have even more war mongering, less science and less money for the poor. Because your country is controlled by corporate media.

    4. Re:Let US decide where to spend the money by sfjoe · · Score: 1



      So you're saying the people cannot be trusted to make decisions about where and how their money should be spent?

      --
      It's simple: I demand prosecution for torture.
    5. Re:Let US decide where to spend the money by DeathPenguin · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Actually, I missed something important in your original message--the part where you said "[. . .]what percentage of your taxes go to which area[. . . ]" At first I thought you meant taxes in general.

      Being a Libertarian, I believe that we should eliminate income taxes all together. And since most of the government's money comes from other means (taxing corporations and such) anyway, they'll still have plenty left to fund cool things like wars and science (In order to make better weapons for wars).

      If you want to give the government money to spend on non-military things, I don't see a problem with that other than how only a small fraction of what you originally give will likely reach the people it was intended for. I'd prefer to write a check to a local charity or the EFF myself, personally.

    6. Re:Let US decide where to spend the money by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      schools wouldnt have enough books. they would waste the money on unimportant things like high school football and athletic fields that cost millions of dollars (while underfundng the art department)

    7. Re:Let US decide where to spend the money by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Liar. You're not a libertarian.

    8. Re:Let US decide where to spend the money by Renderdog · · Score: 1
      US Individual income taxes provide much more than Corporate.

      2003:
      Individual income tax: $987,209 Million
      Corporation income tax: $194,146 Million

      This is ignoring sales tax. Fact is, a lot of major corporations (*Major* corporations) pay less tax than I do.

  45. Senator Barb, duchess of the pork barrel by frankie · · Score: 1

    As a Marylander and a rabid Bush-hater, I am not a big fan of Mikulski's aggressively pork-filled political record, no matter how much it benefits me personally.

    Barb's #1 legislative priority is Maryland jobs. If a proposal has impact on local employment, she will vote accordingly. Only if the bill is relatively job-neutral will she consider other factors (good of the nation, desires of constituents, party philosophy, etc).

    For example, up until a few months ago when GM finally closed the AstroVan factory, Barb was notorious for giving Detroit big slobbering rim jobs at every opportunity.

    While that might be a tolerable trait in a state official or a House Rep, Senators are *supposed* to look at the bigger picture and Do the Right Thing.

    Personally, I don't know if repairing Hubble is a good idea or not. But I know for sure Senator Barb doesn't care about that at all, not while STSCI employs dozens of Marylanders.

    1. Re:Senator Barb, duchess of the pork barrel by Politburo · · Score: 1

      Senators are *supposed* to look at the bigger picture and Do the Right Thing.

      Says who? They still represent a state, and will generally do anything that benefits that state, even if it is against their party ideology. This is nothing new, and certainly not unique to Mikulski.

    2. Re:Senator Barb, duchess of the pork barrel by frankie · · Score: 1

      Says who?

      Says the Founding Fathers. The whole point of the House/Senate duality was to prevent fickle desires from quickly becoming law when the greater national interest is not being served.

    3. Re:Senator Barb, duchess of the pork barrel by Politburo · · Score: 1

      Except that we have a 17th amendment and that throws the founders original intent out the window. The link doesn't even mention that, which just blows my mind. It even goes so far as to say "the two-chamber or "bicameral" setup of Congress works today exactly the way a majority of the Founding Fathers envisioned in 1787." Ha!

    4. Re:Senator Barb, duchess of the pork barrel by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Nevertheless, I hold my elected officials to a higher standard than "everyone else does it".

      Of course, I have voted against the winner in every statewide or federal election since I turned 18...

      -F.

    5. Re:Senator Barb, duchess of the pork barrel by vsprintf · · Score: 1

      While that might be a tolerable trait in a state official or a House Rep, Senators are *supposed* to look at the bigger picture and Do the Right Thing.

      The senate was designed to protect states' rights and interests, while the house was intended to represent the individual voter. That's why there are two senators for every state, no matter how large or small. While some claim the senate is supposed to be the more contemplative body, I've seen nothing that historically supports that claim.

    6. Re:Senator Barb, duchess of the pork barrel by Look+KG486 · · Score: 0
      For example, up until a few months ago when GM finally closed the AstroVan factory, Barb was notorious for giving Detroit big slobbering rim jobs at every opportunity.

      Apparently, Senator Mikulski needs to refine her technique.

      --

      "Play is the only way the highest intelligence of humankind can unfold." -- Joseph Chilton Pearce

    7. Re:Senator Barb, duchess of the pork barrel by Look+KG486 · · Score: 0
      While that might be a tolerable trait in a state official or a House Rep, Senators are *supposed* to look at the bigger picture and Do the Right Thing.

      They don't "Do the Right Thing" however you define The Right Thing. And it is for this very reason that people vote right down party lines or they don't vote at all.

      Example, the recent race for the Kentucky senate seat between incumbent Jim Bunning (R) and Daniel Mongiardo (D). I'm a Republican, but Bunning is a fucking loser. Not that some folks need help throwing jabs at the Republican party, but every time Bunning opens his mouth, he does damage to Republicans and those who think along the same lines as Republicans. You know the caricature that's pinned on Republicans: buddy with big corporations, insensitive to middle class Americans, whatever. Bunning is the caricature.

      I strongly considered voting for Mongiardo, a state senator and an okay one at that, but I had to consider the consequences. Were I to cast my vote for Mongiardo and he were to take the seat in the U.S. Senate, I would have effectively cast a vote for every other Democratic senator and their agendas who I have zero support for. I abstained voting in that contest; Bunning narrowly won.

      Were it a contest for a seat in the House, I would have voted for Mongiardo though since there's a greater sample of Representatives; there's less exposure and more balance to the institution.

      --

      "Play is the only way the highest intelligence of humankind can unfold." -- Joseph Chilton Pearce

    8. Re:Senator Barb, duchess of the pork barrel by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      No, she's actually quite good at it. The factory would have (and should have) closed a decade ago if Barb wasn't there to whore for them.

  46. Your memory is faulty by ToSeek · · Score: 1

    Not to mention that the safety record of shuttle flights far exceeds what was expected. I remember NASA saying when Challenger blew up that we were very overdue for just such an incident, and it was a fluke that one hadn't happened sooner. Not to say that more shuttles should blow up, but the safety record of shuttle flights is exemplary.

    Your memory is faulty. According to the Rogers Commission Report on the Challenger accident, NASA estimates on shuttle loss of vehicle/loss of life failure rate ranged from 1 in 100 (by the engineers) to 1 in 100,000 (by the paper-pushers). There's no way the shuttle would fly with the 4+% failure rate that would have meant the Challenger accident was in line with expectations.

  47. Well, by hey! · · Score: 1

    I don't live anywhere near Maryland, don't stand to benefit from any Hubble related contracts, but I'm all for a Hubble rescue mission.

    But in the interest of full disclosure, I do have a copy of the Hubble Deep Field as desktop wallpaper, and probably will have other, future Hubble images there, so by your standards I guess i venality accounts for my position.

    --
    Post may contain irony: discontinue use if experiencing mood swings, nausea or elevated blood pressure.
  48. The thing is.. by MasT3quila · · Score: 2, Interesting

    They already have the robots built to do the mission. They have tested them and CNN has filmed them. To cancel everything would be a huge waste of money. They are proceding with testing like the mission will actually happen. If it's truly canned - a lot of people will at least have work through this year. I'm torn in my feelings though. If they know the mission will be cancelled, it seems a waste to continue burning through the tax dollars allocated for FY05. Keeping people employed on the other hand is a good thing. Mikulski has been an avid supporter of the HST for years. She's on committees directly related to projects such as this.

    1. Re:The thing is.. by maxume · · Score: 1

      The issue for lots of people isn't the wasted money canceling, it is the opportunity cost of not replacing. More specifically, sure, money is wasted if the repair mission is entirely scrubbed. The problem is that the costs associated with not outright replacing Hubble are much higher. Hubble is not "some super special telescope that can never ever be launched again because they used all the unobtanium on the first one telescope", it is simply a collection of instruments floating in space.

      --
      Nerd rage is the funniest rage.
  49. Re:Understanding risk military by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    The military actively recruits high school students and other members of the general population to fight in wars however sending highly trained scientists that know what they are doing into space is dangerous?

  50. Priorities by nurb432 · · Score: 1

    Ya, trying to protect your country from attack/invasion isn't as important as keeping a probe going. Ya right, moron

    If we get wiped off the face of the earth due to some wacko towelheads because we didn't take steps protect ourselves, its sort of irrelevant if the probe had funding or not.

    Retaining freedom costs lives AND money.

    --
    ---- Booth was a patriot ----
    1. Re:Priorities by Spytap · · Score: 1

      I'm all for that. Show me someone trying to infringe upon our freedoms and I'll gladly choose to do something about it. Show me something that's simply idiocy and fearmongering and I'll criticise it.
      Can you back up your mindless rhetoric? Can you show me someone trying to invade? Can you show me someone trying to attack? I can on the second count, and we're not doing anything about it as I type. Pick your battles. Pick your deaths. If you pick Iraq, you're picking the wrong ones.

    2. Re:Priorities by rs79 · · Score: 1

      "Ya, trying to protect your country from attack/invasion isn't as important as keeping a probe going. Ya right, moron

      If we get wiped off the face of the earth due to some wacko towelheads because we didn't take steps protect ourselves, its sort of irrelevant if the probe had funding or not."


      Welcome to slashdot Mr. President.

      --
      Need Mercedes parts ?
  51. Your math is faulty by bechthros · · Score: 1

    Um, two explosions out of 112 flights is a failure rate of roughly 1.7%, not 4%.

    But my memory might well be faulty, I was 11 at the time.

  52. Somehow I don't think this means much by smc13 · · Score: 1

    So a minority member of the legislative branch writes a letter to an executive branch employee. Who cares? This won't have any affect. He'll just point to his boss, the President, and say "talk to him." If she threatens to cut NASAs budget, he'll say "Fine, we'll close NASA Greenbelt, MD." Of course it would be an empty threat since she is in the minority in the Senate.

    Geez, the only reason she is writing this letter is because her constituants want her to. Big deal

  53. Nasa is servicing the Hubble by harris+s+newman · · Score: 0, Offtopic

    Just like a bull services a cow.

  54. Gawds... this is news? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
    Sen. "Babs" is an extreme left wing hack who gets votes by bringing home pork like this to Peegee county and Baltimore City, MD.

    Expecting Babs to not ask for life support for HST would be like expecting Bill Clinton to announce he's giving up sex with interns, or W to announce that he's really a lib.

    Babs could give a s**t about the science or the pretty pix, she's only interested in the jobs and the votes that follow.

  55. Enterprise Donors? by Jack+Johnson · · Score: 1
    Someone should tell the guys who ponied up 3M to extend life of Enterprise.

    Certainly REAL scientific space exploration is at least as valuable as a dramatic representation of it on network TV?

  56. What's wrong with saving some money? by denbesten · · Score: 1

    Why could the response not be something like this?

    "Since you indicate you can comply with our orders to do a competent job of planning for the servicing mission at a cost only $175 million, please return the extra $116 million so that we can reduce the deficit. Thanks, your boss".

    1. Re:What's wrong with saving some money? by DeathPenguin · · Score: 1

      THANK YOU for saying that.

      It's certainly good that they came up with a better/cheaper plan than to service Hubble. It's not good that they didn't get around to telling the Appropriations Committee and wound up getting $116 million more than what was necessary.

      I hope there's a way for NASA proceed with their newer plan and give the excess money back.

  57. "Service?" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Ooooooooooh. . . Lucky Hubble.

  58. mixed feelings -- science priorities at NASA by dr_davel · · Score: 1
    I see this as basically good news -- the real problem is the siphoning of all of the money at NASA into this bizarre revival of the manned space program, to go to the Moon and Mars. I know no scientist (I'm a chemical physics PhD) who thinks this a good idea. It is hugely expensive and offers no clear benefits.

    So while it's good to see Congress directing NASA to focus on a top science mission (Hubble), I'm skeptical that rescuing Hubble is a good way to spend science mission dollars. We should be making new, better telescopes and instruments and pumping them into space -- we can and will vastly exceed Hubble's capabilities, let's get on with it!

    Hubble has served its mission. It was designed to be serviced by humans, already a dated concept. Let it go.

    --
    Never eat anything bigger than your head.
  59. Hey, another congressman wasting our money by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    That's a surprise!

    I agree that launching Hubble, of all things NASA has done since 1969, is one of the most valuable. However, supporting NASA itself is the problem we all want a solution to. I'm all for space exploration (cheaply, please). But let's not forget that Hubble was the telescope awarded to a contractor that ended up building faulty optics(http://www.chron.com/content/interactive/sp ace/missions/sts-103/hubble/archive/910702.html)

    This telescope, while valuable, has been a money suck since it was first launch. NASA, similarly, has been flawed since the cold war ended.

    NASA has been trying to remake themselves since the cold war ended, but I'm afraid they can't. We should start over, make a new organization focused on cheap results, and have them build a new telescope to be launched in the next decade.

    But please, let's not continue to be the enabler for a flawed organization.

  60. Re:Civics 101 by GileadGreene · · Score: 1

    Yes, but is saving Hubble in the long-term best interests of the district she represents, or simply short-term pork which will help her get re-elected? Too many "representatives" seem to focus on the latter rather than the former.

  61. YOU ARE THE MEMBER OF NASA by gumpish · · Score: 1


    Let me preface this by say that I am a scientist.

    Really? Are you also the member of NASA?

  62. Let me get this straight... by suitepotato · · Score: 1

    ...there's an idea out there that despite NASA having sent a small load of astronauts repeatedly to orbit and the moon and back in the sixties and early seventies with the current technology of the day, that somehow, we haven't advanced technologically enough in over thirty years to even manage to do as much as they did back then.

    O.o

    Does anyone else see that as completely cuckoo?

    We can go to the moon right now. We can set up bases there right now. We can do space stations and space colonies right now. We merely don't seem to have the stones we used to.

    When I was a kid we played with BB guns, kids taking knives to school and fighting hard behind the gym was a fact of life, we had no use for seatbelts, airbags didn't exist, we had lead paint all over the place, unbalanced diets, heavily sugared sodas, massively caffeinated coffees, and our cars s*cked on gas milage. We also walked to school instead of took the bus if we were closer than two miles away, our parents let us drink beer at home on special occaisions without fearing the foreign substance secret police, and we got to do archery at summer camp AND school gym class with real sharp arrows.

    Welcome to the Wuss Age. We might as well let all the decisions be made by the lawyers and insurance adjusters and nanny state wackos now.

    Why do I get the feeling the only way to get seriously needed scientific instruments aloft in the future will be to simply take them to China and Russia for launch?

    --
    If my grammar and spelling are off, I am [distracted/tired/careless] (take your pick)
  63. Don't forget the link to the official web site by FleaPlus · · Score: 1

    http://www.pha.jhu.edu/hop/

    The page has many more details regarding the actual science instruments and specifications.

  64. A backup Soyuz could rescue crew by scotty777 · · Score: 1
    In the 1 in 100 chance (based on experience) that the Hubble service mission launch compromises the Shuttle reentry capability, then the Shuttle crew can be rescued. The fully automated Russian Soyuz has an inate capacity to bring back three in each capsule.

    So a crew rescue might take two Soyuz missions, but they are very cheap and reliable. As a standby crew rescue option, Soyuz is a no-brainer.

    1. Re:A backup Soyuz could rescue crew by Dashing+Leech · · Score: 1
      There's a whole host of problems related to using Soyuz as a rescue vehicle for the shuttle. First, it can't dock to the shuttle. They'd have to come up with a docking system and bring it up with them, which takes years of development and certification. Second, Hubble is in a orbit about twice as high as the ISS. Since the Russians don't send Soyuz that far they might not have an appropriate rocket for it, at least not ready to go.

      Not that it can't be done, but it certainly requires major development and preparations. It can't really be done as an afterthought.

    2. Re:A backup Soyuz could rescue crew by scotty777 · · Score: 1
      wrong on the docking. there is a common docking collar now used on all manned vehicles, russian or american.

      wrong on the orbit question as well. The Soyuz can easily reach the Hubble orbit, even when loaded with cosmonauts, but it will be empty, so it takes even less energy....

    3. Re:A backup Soyuz could rescue crew by Dashing+Leech · · Score: 1
      "there is a common docking collar now used on all manned vehicles, russian or american."

      There are a few things wrong with your statement. First, although generally true that they use the same collar for docking to the ISS, the generic "all manned vehicles" isn't true. NASA has a variety of interfaces, including the Common Berthing Mechanism (CBM) and Manual Berthing Mechanism (MBM) used on the ISS, but these are generally for berthing, not docking. Still, the CBM is an alternate docking mechanism (see for instance Section 5.1.5 of the Alternate Access to Station (AAS) Systems Concept of a Logistics Resupply Service to the ISS). The Russian interface is the Androgynous Peripheral Attachment System (APAS) as part of the Androgynous Peripheral Docking System(APDS). There are two parts to the APDS, passive and active. To convert from the NASA CBM interface to APAS, the ISS has three Pressurized Mating Adaptors (PMA1, 2, and 3). PMA1 has an active APDS because it connects the NASA Node 1 (Unity) to the Russian FGB module, and so isn't used for docking. PMA2 and PMA3 have passive APDS because they are used for docking. (See Section 1.1 of the Procurement Document for the APDS referenced above.)

      Since both vehicles dock to the ISS, the shuttle does have an APAS adapter known as the Orbital Docking System (ODS). This is the 'L' shaped connector that attaches to the port at the front of the shuttle bay. It is only attached in missions to the ISS, and the APAS interface is only used for docking to the ISS. It isn't inherently true that all docking operations will be done using an APAS. However, since the only docking currently taking place is with the ISS, this is currently functionally true. It is only an ISS policy, however. The ODS is not installed on Hubble missions.

      Furthermore, both the Soyuz and shuttle ODS have the active APDS side (again, see for instance Section 1.1 of the Procurement Document for the APDS above). Neither has the passive side because they are the ones doing the docking. In addition to this, approach and docking to the passive APDS is accomplished using docking cues (targets). (See, for example, Section 5.1.7.3.4.2 of the Interface Definition Document (IDD) for International Space Station (ISS) Visiting Vehicles (VVs). Neither the shuttle ODS nor Soyuz have these docking cues, again because they are the ones doing the docking.

      So, I stand by my assertion that it is not as simple as you say. This method needs to be planned ahead with the right adaptors and docking systems developed and carried with them, probably flown on a Detailed Test Objective (DTO) flight, certified and validated. Again, such a system takes years of development.

      As far as the orbit, it isn't clear that the Soyuz module or launch rocket are designed to go as far as Hubble. For instance, it appears that the Soyuz used for ISS mission and crew descent is only designed to descend from up to 460 km. The Hubble is at an altutude of about 600 km. So, if you have a reference on your assertion that "The Soyuz can easily reach the Hubble orbit", please forward it. Even better would be one that says it can descend from there. (Reaching it is useless as a rescue vehicle if it can't descend.)

      It's not like NASA just missed the idea of using Soyuz, and you amazingly came up with the solution they're looking for. They are very smart you know. You also don't seem to realize that many of us who read Slashdot work for or with NASA (the geek ratio is quite high), so we often have the inside scoop or at least knowledge of what's involved.

    4. Re:A backup Soyuz could rescue crew by scotty777 · · Score: 1
      Are you really trying to say that to mount a rescue mission, nasa first has to go through a rigerous development and test cycle? Perhaps you've heard of Apollo 13. The whole reason that people are impressed by that disaster recovery is that NASA cut through the red tape. Again, in the 1% chance that a Hubble rescue mission would have a TPS problem, there are relatively simple ways to solve the problem.

      NASA has advertised loudly that there is a common docking system. Now you tell us that, well, yes, uhhh, docking, not berthing, and uhh, oh yes we have to design and test some new stuff, and mmmm... theres a couple of other problems....

      My point is that astronauts could even do a spacewalk transfer between the Shuttle and Soyuz. If the 1% chance comes up as a emergency, the shuttle can use the OMS to drop it's orbit. Pressure suits sufficient for a short transfer are not "Rocket Science".

      NASA is beset by problems, many of them are internal cultural problems. One example is this one, and you, my friend exemplify it beautifully. Rather than looking for and adopting quick, cheap and simple fixes to problems, they insist on goldplating everything they do.

      They are also playing politics of the worst kind by threatening to dump Hubble into the sea. They are alienating those of us who agree with their overarching mission, and drying up the political support that their base can give.

    5. Re:A backup Soyuz could rescue crew by Dashing+Leech · · Score: 1
      "Are you really trying to say that to mount a rescue mission, nasa first has to go through a rigerous development and test cycle?"

      No, I'm saying to launch a mission that will rely on a rescue mission to meet the safety requirements of the mission, which is the case of Hubble. If the damage on STS-107 (Columbia) had been found and they had to get back down somehow, obviously the solution would not have to go through the rigorous cycle. But now as a result of the CAIB report they can't go to Hubble without a plan to get the astronauts back in the case of failure of the shuttle. They can't just say "Oh, we'll come up with a plan if it ever happens and it'll probably use Soyuz". Any planned rescue system will indeed have to go through a very rigorous development and test cycle.

      This also makes no sense. They can't dock the Soyuz to the shuttle without planning ahead during the launch anyway, as I've pointed out. They won't have the right equipment for it. Either it's a planned rescue mission or it won't work. And they need that plan to launch anyway.

      Apollo 13 was an emergency rescue for which there was no plan and the scenario was not part of the requirements for launch, and nobody had such a plan. Even if they did have a rescue plan, the particulars of that accident would never have been predicted beforehand, such as the loss of oxygen and power. In the case of shuttle flights, there is no luxury of ignorance. Plans for rescue or repair are necessary. If something happens outside the scope of the planned rescue, then of course a "heroic" fix/rescue might come into play without strict development. Just the fact that you've identified the need for a rescue at Hubble (as has everyone else) means that it isn't outside the scope of what was considered.

      Rather than looking for and adopting quick, cheap and simple fixes to problems, they insist on goldplating everything they do.

      I call bullshit on this one. I work with NASA. The requirements for safety and ensuring certification and validation of systems and operations are (a) important to protecting the lives of the astronauts, the vehicles, and the success of the mission, (b) come from political requirements (particularly Congress and the White House, whom NASA gets beat up by when they fail), and (c) are required in any similar dangerous systems including military and nuclear. In fact, the CAIB report identifies that not enough attention was paid to proper safety processes for approving these things, and points to military and civilian dangerous programs where such requirements are also necessary. (BTW, the CAIB was a government appointed committee whose recommendations the government commited NASA to meeting.)

      Your idea of "cheap and simple fixes" would not pass muster in any of these places. You'd very likely be fired outright for even suggesting it if you were in charge of anything at NASA or overseeing it from the government.

  65. A servicing mission to Hubble by 2008 by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Just in time to save it after we get rid of Bush

  66. "HOP offers all of the science, plus more" by FleaPlus · · Score: 1

    But if it means losing the ability to do deep UV astronomy or anything else that Hubble I has proven to be very adept at, I don't think we should skimp out.

    The parent poster didn't mention this, but the proposed Hubble Origins Probe would also add a brand new Japanese-built Very Wide Field Imager. According to their science info, on the proposed HOP "UV sensitivity reaches two magnitudes deeper than HST/STIS [original Hubble] and the number of backgrouns QSO's increases by a factor of 100 [no idea what a QSO is]." The new Very Wide Field Imager would have a 17-times-larger field of view, essentially allowing it to image 17 times as fast (I think).

    Of course, I know jack about astronomy, so perhaps someone more knowledgeable than myself could check out the links and evaluate the proposal better. For whatever it's worth, their page says that "HOP offers all of the science a refurbished HST would provide in 2010, plus more."

    Since much of the old design would be reused, the total program cost for all this (including launch) would be between $700 million and $1 billion, less than the cost of a robotic repair mission to Hubble. It also wouldn't require a shuttle launch, but could be launched on an Atlas 5 or Delta IV Heavy. Besides simply not knowing about the HOP, I'm really not sure why someone would want to repair Hubble instead of building a better one for less cost.

    1. Re:"HOP offers all of the science, plus more" by CaptainAvatar · · Score: 1
      Thanks, I wasn't aware of this proposal. A QSO is a quasi-stellar object, also known as a quasar. Very luminous, very distant, very old. The wide field wouldn't really be 17 times faster (unless you were doing a mosaic of images), but it lets you study a bigger area of sky, useful for some applications.

      I've met Colin Norman, the PI on this. He's a smart cookie so I'm sure this has been well thought through. Whether it will ever fly (metaphorically and literally!) is another matter.

      --
      The real Captain Avatar is a fictional character, so I suppose he doesn't mind if I impersonate him.
  67. What makes these birds go up? by JJ · · Score: 1

    Actually, this smacks of a classic political turf battle. NASA has been a political agency since day one. The Houston Space Center was a payoff to Sen (later VP) LB Johnson of Texas. Mikulski is a Democrat from Maryland and unless she and her fellow Dems get more cooperative, her request is unlikely to amount to much. The Mars mission would be launched from Florida and run from Houston, both Bush states.

    That being said, I think NASA should launch a Hubble rescue mission but announce it from the start as the last upgrade. Renew the equipment (gyros, fuel, instruments, etc) and attach the eventual de-orbit module rocket packs. Make a final schedule and publish some objective, engineer-certified, standards for when it will be de-orbitted. Then run it until that day/ hour and then plunk it.

    --
    So long and thanks for all the fish . . . !!!
  68. NASA playing politics is the problem by scotty777 · · Score: 1
    NASA wants to paint Congress into a corner. By dragging it's feet, and possibly abandoning Hubble, they hope to keep interest at a high level for the new telescope.

    Bear in mind that for 25 years Congress has been underfunding and stretching out every mission in the NASA budget. NASA can expect to have a ten year delay in the new telescope program, based on the funding record of the Shuttle, the International Space Station, various planetary missions, and the four space based observatories.

    I wish I could suggest a solution to the multi-year funding quandry, but I'm not that smart!

    I think that what we are seeing is an intricate political dance...

  69. saving their jobs by cpangelich · · Score: 1

    The skillset required to build/design the space shuttles no longer exists within NASA. Those who built the space shuttles retired or died off. With no space shuttles there would be no need for NASA. They are protecting the only justification for their jobs, the shuttles. The lives of the astronauts mean little/nothing to them.

    --
    Charles Angelich
  70. OT: Is This What Passes For a /. Write-Up Now? by Cy+Guy · · Score: 1

    The 'write-up' for this story consists of two paragraphs of cut-n-paste text taken directly from the link that ignores the most important fact in the story which is in the 3rd graf of the link - that the current plan isn't ANY kind of repair mission - but a de-orbiting mission.

    Avantare's email address is cclayton [AT] dsli.com so I'm assuming it's not the same person as Brian Berger who wrote the story for Space.com

    1. Re:OT: Is This What Passes For a /. Write-Up Now? by Avantare · · Score: 1

      No, I am not Brian Berger and I never claimed to be. There is a planned de-orbiting mission and I OPPOSE that unless the new hardware that has already been build is included in a new Hubble mission. If we waste this then why wasn't the money originally put to save? This is absolutely assinine by all accords. Especially when we spend millions a day supporting the war. Like most write-ups for /. they seem to consist of a couple or so paragraphs with links to the original article. Obviously, for a while now, the current plan is to ditch Hubble in the Pacific regardless of anyones opinion. This a POLITICAL opinion. I wish to incite a PUBLIC opinion for saving the Hubble and will do so where I can. This seems to be a very good forum to further that end regardless whether you agree or disagree with my point of view (or my posting). I desire to either have Hubble saved or the current hardware that is ready for it included in a *new* Hubble. I feel either of these options NEEDS to be made available for the world and not just the US as the worlds scientific community gets a lot of benefit from this telescope that has made history and is a passion of the people the world over. There has been so much scientific knowledge gathered by Hubble it would be ashamed to waste it until it dies of it's own accord. We need to either save Hubble or send another JUST like it with NEWER instruments back to orbit. Some of the hardware is already built!! Don't throw it away (what a waste of $$$$$$$). DO SOMETHING WITH IT!! Please. I have gone to Senator Mikulski's web site. and sent her an email explaining to her how I feel about this subject and I'm not even a constituant!! How many more of you readers/posters are willing to support this cause? Even if she is not in your district WRITE HER and tell her how you feel. The more ammo she has the better this might wind up in favor of a Hubble, whether it be 1 or 2.

    2. Re:OT: Is This What Passes For a /. Write-Up Now? by Cy+Guy · · Score: 1

      See that is the kind of passion you should have used to submit this story originally. At least you are communicating both your original take on the story, and the key fact of the story.

      I wasn't criticizing the newsworthiness of this story - just of the failure to provide your own write-up of the story by instead using cut-n-paste and ignoring the meat of the story - and of the /. editors for posting the story in spite of that.

    3. Re:OT: Is This What Passes For a /. Write-Up Now? by Avantare · · Score: 1

      You make a very good point and are correct. I make no excuses for what I did but will endeavor to correct this in the future.

  71. OMG POSTER IS JUST WRONG SUICIDE IS TEH EVIL by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    MOD PERANT DOWNNOW!! SUICIDE IS NEVER AN 0PTI0N ONLY THE H0LY SPIRIT AND L0VE 0F JESUS CAN SAVE THE ASTR0NAUTS!!!!!

  72. Damn windbags by broKenfoLd · · Score: 1

    So despite the fact that Nasa estimated the cost to fix it in the billions, and despite the fact that there are tenative plans to launch a much more powerful and serviceable telescope in the near future, and despite the fact that right now our shuttles are dangerous and becoming geysers, and despite the fact that Nasa put out a report stating that the actual mission to fix the Hubble was too dangerous for astronaughts, this windbag of a senator(surprise surprise, an uninformed Democrat...sorry, but it's true) is going to demand we go ahead with fixing the Hubble. Quite typical of senators from either party to try to run some technical show they have little clue about, and also quite typical for a senator to make a valiant attempt to unwisely spend our tax dollars. Damn tired windbags.

  73. The stars by rs79 · · Score: 1

    "A four year delay does not seem that bad but its effect is culminative. Where we are now in terms of understanding what is out there and what we are doing out there is further pushed back."

    Last time I checked the cosmos wasn't planning on going to the galactic equivalent of Bora Bora for a vacation. It'll still be there when we're ready.

    --
    Need Mercedes parts ?
    1. Re:The stars by CrackedButter · · Score: 1

      But the point is will you and I be.

  74. Forgetting Hubble needs a safe deorbit? by HappyMeal · · Score: 1
    People are forgetting something important about Hubble: it MUST be deorbited safely if there are no funding for continued use or if no interest in fixing it up.

    Reason? NASA is required to design safe deorbit mechanisms into everything they deploy, though Hubble might have been grandfathered before this requirement took effect.

    Hubble also has no propulsion, so it cannot boost itself into a higher orbit, nor can it deorbit at the precisely right moment to hit a specific targeted area.

    So... unless Hubble is somehow deorbited by humans or robotic equipment, or has a servicing mission that adds some sort of propulsion... then Hubble will go down where and when 'nature' decides it should.

    It's not easy pinpointing the impact zone with any real certainty if you lose the ability to control when and where an object starts its fiery plunge.

    Mir had such an huge potential area of impact because they had lost sufficient control by that point. A number of nations in this potential area took out insurance in the event of impact causing problems. Definitely something of real concern, however remote.

    I don't recall the exact odds of an uncontrolled Hubble hitting populated areas, but think it was somewhere in 1:500. Not great odds, and would truly be a public relations disaster for the U.S. government if it does hit populated areas and causes death or damage.

    Ultimately, Hubble needs to be safely aimed towards a watery grave if its human creators don't wish to continue to run it. We can't just say 'ok, tired of that thing up there... we'll just stop funding and ignore it from now on. It's gonna come down one way or another.'

  75. I've seen it by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I've seen the robotic servicing demos being done at GSFC. Task by task, the hard parts are being checked off. There's a lot of work to be done, but I can tell you from personal experience that this mission WILL work if given the go-ahead. A year ago I'd have thought it was crazy to try to make a robot unscrew a connector or install WFC3, etc., etc. I could go on for hours. It's happening as we speak in hi-fi Hubble mockups.

    I agree with other posters that we shouldn't be afraid to send humans to do things in space. BUT, this is an incredible opportunity to show what current robotic technology is capable of, AND do something intrinsically worthwhile at the same time.

    Let the robots have this one, I say.

  76. Re:Put Hubble out to pasture, as a counterweight by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    ...for the first space elevator, rather than having to boost another large mass, which we are going to have to do sooner or later for this purpose anyway. This way, a much larger spool of cable can be sent up in the first SE mission thereby making the entire thing less expensive to start up.

    Then, once the space elevator bulks up and begins accepting normal payloads, successive missions could be sent up at 20x lower launch costs to repair it, augment it, attach other scopes to it, you name it. Equipment sent up the SE wouldn't have to use such exotic and expensive materials as typical satellites do to save every last ounce of weight. For example: no need to shroud things in gold foil anymore...

  77. Your sig... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Is it just my observation, or are there way too many stupid people in the world?

    What could we infer if it actually was just your observation?

  78. Slightly misleading by Guppy06 · · Score: 1

    "Sen. Barbara Mikulski (D-Md.)"

    See, there's the motivation. Don't see it? Let me make it a little more clearer:

    "Sen. Barbara Mikulski (D-Goddard SFC)"

    Ain't pork-barrel politics grand?

  79. Re:Understanding risk (suicide pills) by ForkBombFluf · · Score: 1

    Well, if this is the case somebody should inform Jim Lovell about it.
    http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/SP-350/c h-13-1.html

  80. sweet by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    nice troll man