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Laughing Gas Is Major Threat To Ozone Layer

Hugh Pickens writes "The Christian Science Monitor reports that according to new research, nitrous oxide, the colorless, sweet-smelling gas with a long history as a medical and dental anesthetic is the next big threat to Earth's protective ozone layer. Its role in destroying ozone has long been recognized, as well as its role as a heat-trapping greenhouse gas but the new study puts nitrous oxide's ability to deplete ozone into numbers comparable to those used for other ozone-depleting gases covered by the 1987 Montreal Protocol. The researchers note that the health of the ozone layer has been improving since the adoption of the protocol and that nitrous oxide looms large today as an artificial destroyer of the ozone layer, in part because the emissions of other harmful chemicals have been so sharply reduced." (Continues.) "Globally, Earth's ozone layer has thinned by 5 to 6 percent since 1980, before CFCs and their ilk came into wide use, according to Akkihebbal Ravishankara, who led the study. He and his colleagues note that 6 percent may appear to be a small number, but it still can lead to significant effects on organisms at Earth's surface. The researchers did not make any policy recommendations in light of their finding. 'It is not for us to gauge how much risk there is,' says Ravishankara. In any event, Ravishankara says, at the moment researchers could not say with confidence 'how much nitrous oxide comes from where.'"

306 comments

  1. April Fools by BryanL · · Score: 2, Funny

    Did April 1st come early this year?

    1. Re:April Fools by sumdumass · · Score: 1

      No, but it seems to have come twice in the same year.

    2. Re:April Fools by RichardJenkins · · Score: 1

      No. This is not a laughing matter!

  2. Ozone depletion... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    Turns out it *is* a laughing matter.

    1. Re:Ozone depletion... by Donkey_Hotey · · Score: 1

      No joke?

      --
      (There is supposed to be a Sarcmark® here, but my $1.99 check hasn't cleared, yet...)
    2. Re:Ozone depletion... by TriZz · · Score: 4, Funny

      It's ok, it balances out since laughter is the best medicine!

      --
      No matter how hot a girl is - some guy somewhere is sick of her shit.
    3. Re:Ozone depletion... by nospam007 · · Score: 1

      Only Americans use it nowadays, it has not been used nowhere in Europe for ages to my knowledge.
      What about the rest of the planet?

    4. Re:Ozone depletion... by Bake · · Score: 4, Interesting

      European here,

      I've had a couple of minor procedures requiring anaesthesia for the past 8 years, last one this spring.

      I have resistive trypanophobia, a fancy term for a fairly extreme phobia towards needles and restraint (if I know there's a needle heading my way to inject me with something my heart starts racing and my body goes into "fight or flight" mode), which happens to be rather inconvenient when you're about to get a needle stuck in your hand to administer anaesthesia.

      So in order to prevent me from entering this basic survival mode my anaesthesiologists have given me a nice and healthy dose of laughing gas which leaves me without a care in the world.

      The fact that it seemed fairly routine for the anaesthesiologist to give me laughing gas seemed to indicate that they do use it fairly often for situations like my own.

    5. Re:Ozone depletion... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Funny

      Turns out it *is* a laughing matter.

      At least we will all die laughing......

    6. Re:Ozone depletion... by markdavis · · Score: 3, Funny

      I have never used nor been on any type of "mind altering" drug in my life (yes, that includes alcohol, recreational drugs, etc) with the exception of once when a dentist used N2O on me to extract four teeth in preparation for braces..

      What a *horrible* experience. I fell into a type of paranoid dilution and was absolutely sure they were trying to kill me. I remember it vividly, even though it was 25 years ago. It did do its main job, however... what little pain there was, was kind of "removed" and happening to someone else, in my mind.

      Anyway, based on that experience, I fail to understand why ANYONE would call it "laughing gas". To me, "hell gas" or "paranoid gas" would be a better likening. Seems that my experience, while not common, is not all that unusual, either. One thing is for sure, I will never let them use that stuff on me again. I would much rather have the risks carried with being knocked out completely (and that is what was later done when I had my wisdom teeth extracted).

    7. Re:Ozone depletion... by teh+kurisu · · Score: 4, Insightful

      So if I've read the summary correctly (RTFA? What?), laughing gas isn't becoming an increasing problem, it's just becoming an increasing proportion of the problem because we're reducing the use of other harmful gases. In fact, the situation is actually improving. We've drastically reduced our use of CFCs in recent years, so the 5-6% thinning of the ozone layer is actually being reversed.

      Therefore the suggestion that this is actually a problem is laughable.

    8. Re:Ozone depletion... by PReDiToR · · Score: 1

      Maternity wards in the UK use it.

      Sorry for the short response.

      --

      Do not meddle in the affairs of geeks for they are subtle and quick to anger
    9. Re:Ozone depletion... by tirefire · · Score: 4, Insightful

      No mind-altering drugs? Ever? Really?

      You've never drunk coffee? You've never taken a prescription or OTC sleep aid? Never taken an antihistamine allergy medication?

      What are you, amish?

    10. Re:Ozone depletion... by ohsmeguk · · Score: 0, Offtopic

      The reason you fail to understand is because your lack of experience! People have bad relationships, but they don't quit dating. Some crash their cars when they're young but carry on driving, etc. One experience isn't enough to simply write the whole thing off, and besides; the dentists practice probably isn't the best environment for mind expansion :D

    11. Re:Ozone depletion... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I would much rather have the risks carried with being knocked out completely (and that is what was later done when I had my wisdom teeth extracted).

      What the hell? When I had to remove my wisdom teeth I just had an injection of local anesthetic. Not mind altering, just couldn't feel my mouth. No pain at all, awake the whole time, everything was back to normal about 2 hours later.

      I thought the laughing gas was typically for people who were afraid of any dental work, and they got it for procedures that typically don't need any pain killers, but are instead mostly used to keep the patient calm. I've definitely never heard of anyone being knocked out for something as simple as wisdom teeth extraction before you.

    12. Re:Ozone depletion... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Your misspelling of "delusion" shreds your credibility to bits.

    13. Re:Ozone depletion... by mrmeval · · Score: 1, Troll

      Without a boogie man these researchers would not be able to get the handouts that keep them spewing questionable data. They were too effective at getting CFC's banned and now are jumping on anything that might get them funds.

      --
      I'd go on a Vegan diet but the delivery time from Vega is too long. --brownkitty
    14. Re:Ozone depletion... by flibbajobber · · Score: 1

      It's fairly common for complicated extractions. My top wisdom teeth were removed using local anesthetic in a matter of minutes. I recovered with minor pain for the next day or so, but no real need for any painkillers. My lower wisdom teeth OTOH were removed under IV-administered sedation - not full anesthesia, but I only recall a few minutes of the 75 minute operation - because they were impacted and required being drilled and broken up in my gums before they could be removed. For the next four days, prescription painkillers were my best friends!

      Incidentally I've never heard of laughing gas being administered for any procedure, dental or otherwise, here in New Zealand.

    15. Re:Ozone depletion... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      hahahaha

    16. Re:Ozone depletion... by ScrewMaster · · Score: 1

      Only Americans use it nowadays, it has not been used nowhere in Europe for ages to my knowledge. What about the rest of the planet?

      We do? I have been under a general anesthetic several times since the mid-sixties, and have never been given nitrous oxide. Not once, and I don't know anyone that has.

      --
      The higher the technology, the sharper that two-edged sword.
    17. Re:Ozone depletion... by markdavis · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Actually no, I have never dunk coffee. Medications, yes. But those are hardly what most people would think of as "mind altering drugs".

      No, not Amish, I just have no interest in distorting reality.

    18. Re:Ozone depletion... by markdavis · · Score: 1

      >I've definitely never heard of anyone being knocked out for something as simple as wisdom teeth extraction before you.

      Well, it was certainly not simple. They (all 4) had not emerged and had to be broken and cut out... it was pretty extensive. Afterwards was miserable. I have heard of people being gassed, knocked out, or just local injections. Seems to depend on the dentist and the exact procedure needed, and the patient.

      Interestingly, that was (and still is) the only time I had ever been chemically rendered unconscious :) I remember being asked to count backwards from 100- I think I made it to 95, a few seconds later (in my time line), it was over.

    19. Re:Ozone depletion... by markdavis · · Score: 1

      Give me a break. Spelling has never been my strong point... so I clicked on the wrong word in the spell checker, big whoop.

      Seems to me that your posting as an "Anonymous Coward" certainly boots YOUR credibility to new heights.

    20. Re:Ozone depletion... by cayenne8 · · Score: 1
      I'm on the complete opposite end of the spectrum..I will NOT have a dental procedure without gas. If the Dentist doesn't give gas..I find a new dentist. Hell, I always used to argue they should give it during cleanings....and GOOD checkups!!

      I had my wisdom teeth out years back....was one of the best afternoons of my life, I got full blown gas going....he threw on the headphones and I jammed out to Dark Side Of the Moon, some Zeppelin and Klaatu....good 'spacey' music. It was great....at least, until I got dry sockets and the pain set in.

      Nope screw it...I pray they don't ban gas for dental work. I can't imagine it is 'that' much of a danger, as that there isn't likely that much being used on any given day.

      While I respect anyone's decisions with respect to drinking or other drugs....I still have to go along with (I think it was WC Fields) the saying something to the effect of:

      I feel sorry for people that don't drink....when they wake up in the morning, that's the BEST they are gonna feel all day..

      :)

      --
      Light travels faster than sound. This is why some people appear bright until you hear them speak.........
    21. Re:Ozone depletion... by Lumpy · · Score: 2, Informative

      Nitrous in cars is used in Europe all over the place. Your ricer kids use it as much as our Ricer Wannabe kids use it. In fact it seems you guys are starting to pass up our Ricer posers in the use of it. Nitrous is a useful thing, but Honestly most use is some nimrod adding a 50 shot to his 86HP Hundai with stick on vents and hood scoops, then cranks it up to a 100 shot, then a 150 shot and then wonders why he blew his motor up. Real tuners use nitrous in addition to their mods like turbo or Supercharging and actually doing real wrenching on their car.

      P.S. most Ricer kids add lighted purge kits os they can shoot nitrous streams into the air to make them look "cool". It's those fools that need it banned first. They haphazardly release it into the atmosphere for "coolness"

      --
      Do not look at laser with remaining good eye.
    22. Re:Ozone depletion... by Pax681 · · Score: 1

      yups that they do.

      when my little girl was born in 2002 N2O was on tap. and i asked the nurse if i could have a go..LOL and she said simply "help yourself".

      the reason i asked was due to my the mother of my children gaining what can only be described as "satanic strength levels" and when squeezing my hand was causing me quite a bit of pain

      now you might say "what a pussy!" but then i would suggest that you have never been on the receiving end of a hand squeeze from a woman that's been in labour for 12 hours and she hasn't has an epidural coz she wanted a "natural birth"

      for our second child (my wee boy)she gave that fucking notion right up
      but yeah N2O is in every maternity ward. strangely tho it never hit me like i remember it hitting me when i was at the dentist as a child. it flattened me then.

    23. Re:Ozone depletion... by zes · · Score: 1

      once when a dentist used N2O on me to extract four teeth in preparation for braces..

      What a *horrible* experience.

      The drug is not everything.

      Set and setting.

      "Set and setting describes the context for psychoactive and particularly psychedelic drug experiences: one's mindset and the setting in which the user has the experience. This is especially relevant for psychedelic or hallucinogenic experiences; the term was coined by Timothy Leary. The set is the mental state a person brings to the experience, like thoughts, mood or expectations. The setting refers to the physical or social environment. Social support networks have shown to be particularly important in the outcome of the psychedelic experience [1]. They are able to control or guide the course of the experience, both consciously and subconsciously. Stress, fear, or a disagreeable environment, may result in an unpleasant experience (bad trip). Conversely, a relaxed, curious person in a warm, comfortable and safe place is more likely to have a pleasant experience."

      Also, it's like biking or anything else, you have to practise to get good at it.

    24. Re:Ozone depletion... by Anarchduke · · Score: 4, Informative

      Are you a complete fucktard? Chlorofluorocarbons were most certainly damaging the Earth's ozone layer, and banning those same CFC's is certainly benefiting the ozone layer. All the scientists are saying is that Nitrous Oxide is currently the most damaging pollutant to the ozone layer.

      I mean really, there was never any real doubt about the impact on the ozone layer by CFC's, and the scientists are saying that some of the damage to that layer is repairing itself. You can doubt what the end result of a damaged ozone layer would be, but the fact that ozone levels began to rapidly deplete isn't in doubt. Neither is the fact that the ozone layer insulates the surface of the planet from UV-B radiation.

      Sorry, but the scientists weren't making it up, and the fact that you are so filled with ass-hat ignorance as to be certain of some bullshit conspiracy among scientists should help to convince anyone on the fence about global warning that people like you are just idiots without a freaking clue.

      --
      who prays for Satan? Who in 18 centuries has had the humanity to pray for the 1 sinner that needed it most? ~Mark Twain
    25. Re:Ozone depletion... by demonlapin · · Score: 2, Insightful

      You sure about that? I'm a practicing American anesthesiologist, and I routinely use small amounts of nitrous at the end of a case to speed the wakeup. Go back to older anesthetics, and nitrous use was very common - the older gases were more fat-soluble, so they tended to hang around longer, but you could use less of them if you used nitrous.

    26. Re:Ozone depletion... by overbaud · · Score: 1

      Used in Australia... my dentist uses it. Used all over the world for drag racing. Got bottles of the stuff in the garage. Plus kids can still buy the soda bottles and get high... never seen anyone use the soda bottle for soda. Stuff is everywhere, including europe.

      --
      Users... the only thing keeping 1st level support from being the bottom feeders.
    27. Re:Ozone depletion... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Only Americans use it nowadays, it has not been used nowhere in Europe for ages to my knowledge.
      What about the rest of the planet?

      Actually, in the UK, it is used in home-births as it can be safely administered by an experienced midwife outside of a hospital.

    28. Re:Ozone depletion... by Techman83 · · Score: 1

      C.M. Punk is that you?

      --
      # cat /dev/mem | strings | grep -i cat
      Damn, my RAM is full of cats. MEOW!!
    29. Re:Ozone depletion... by PrimaryConsult · · Score: 1

      Right there with ya. Though, if hell freezes over and the gas is banned, perhaps some medicinal marijuana is in order?

    30. Re:Ozone depletion... by robbak · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Next time you are at your supermarket, pick up an aerosol can of whipped cream. Check the label: the propellant is probably Nitrous Oxide.
      And the biggest source of Nox is automotive exhausts, or anywhere where oxygen-depleted air gets very hot.

      --
      Prediction for end of Universe #42: Fencepost error in Quantum_bogosort.cpp
    31. Re:Ozone depletion... by fluffy99 · · Score: 4, Insightful

      He didn't directly say the CFC issue was bogus. He did highlighted a major problem with science in the US. The only way to get grant funding is scare tactics, or to blindly support a political agenda that's willing to pay to have their pet theories proven.

      Besides, there is still some lingering doubt about the effect of CFCs. There's actually a stronger correlation between the ozone densities in the lower stratosphere and things such as solar outputs. Some contradictions that have not been explained are the ozone "hole" (not really a hole) getting smaller before the atmospheric CFC levels declined. The upper stratosphere is generally unaffected even though most current CFC theories say it should be. The initial baseline we keep comparing too was probably the high point of a cyclic process. We see the size of the hole cycling up and down through the year, its reasonable to assume it also has a long cycle.

      The next scare tactic out there is carbon emissions. That's certainly a politically charged arena. Just ask Al Gore who's getting rich off it. The global temperature change tracks quite nicely with solar output levels, which happen to be cyclic. The politicians and scientists are making the tragic assuming that the earths temperature is supposed to be constant, and ignoring that it probably cycles up and down over a hundred year cycle. Are we affecting it? Possibly, but we are certainly not the dominant or controlling factor.

    32. Re:Ozone depletion... by Carewolf · · Score: 1

      That was my original take too, but I don't think that is what the article says. It states that despite the reduction in CFC the ozone layer is not improving (I've heard otherwise before, though), but it doesn't say it is getting worse either though. So the angle of the story is that the ozone layer is not improving, so they are looking for other problems than the already known ones to get to a point where the ozone layer would be healing.

    33. Re:Ozone depletion... by PHPfanboy · · Score: 1

      Better get used to those needles coz soon you'll have to buy offset credits!

      --
      29 mpg. YMMV.
    34. Re:Ozone depletion... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      While I don't think it's the proper use of the term, I suppose one could experience diluted paranoia. Most would just call it mild paranoia though.

    35. Re:Ozone depletion... by Mr2cents · · Score: 1

      I know what you mean: I know a friend who also never took mind-altering drugs, and once he tried marihuana. The things he told later are totally inconsistent with marihuana, and were closer to stories you hear about LSD and the like. I guess it is the same effect as with people who get drunk when you don't tell them the beer is non-alcoholic. You are primed with an expectation, and you just follow through.
      PS: could "fear of mind-alteration" be called a phobia?

      --
      "It's too bad that stupidity isn't painful." - Anton LaVey
    36. Re:Ozone depletion... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You should, as your mind is living perpetually in a distorted version of what `reality` would be.

    37. Re:Ozone depletion... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You took it too fast. Slow down next time, and you will experience the most profound euphoric altered state. I've tried them all, nitrous is in a whole class of it's own.

    38. Re:Ozone depletion... by khayman80 · · Score: 1

      The global temperature change tracks quite nicely with solar output levels, which happen to be cyclic.

      Actually, solar variations are too small to account for recent warming.

      The politicians and scientists are making the tragic assuming that the earths temperature is supposed to be constant, and ignoring that it probably cycles up and down over a hundred year cycle.

      I can't speak for politicians, but scientists aren't making any such assumption.

      Are we affecting it? Possibly, but we are certainly not the dominant or controlling factor.

      Actually, as I've shown, we're very likely causing the majority of the recent warming.

    39. Re:Ozone depletion... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I didn't realize that you actually meant delusion. The words don't even sound the same.

    40. Re:Ozone depletion... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Insightful

      Dextromethorphan...cough suppressant...very much in the "mind-altering drugs" category, and probably one you have consumed.
       
      Perhaps you should reevaluate your prejudice. By "distorting" reality, you just might find yourself more grounded in it.

    41. Re:Ozone depletion... by Fred_A · · Score: 1

      I have resistive trypanophobia, a fancy term for a fairly extreme phobia towards needles and restraint (if I know there's a needle heading my way to inject me with something my heart starts racing and my body goes into "fight or flight" mode), which happens to be rather inconvenient when you're about to get a needle stuck in your hand to administer anaesthesia.

      Don't they just use dart guns in those cases ? Harming the ozone layer for a mere phobia sounds a bit extreme to me.

      "Stop moving ! Nurse, another dart !"

      --

      May contain traces of nut.
      Made from the freshest electrons.
    42. Re:Ozone depletion... by Fred_A · · Score: 1

      Though, if hell freezes over and the gas is banned, perhaps some medicinal marijuana is in order?

      Right, more CO2. Just what we needed.

      --

      May contain traces of nut.
      Made from the freshest electrons.
    43. Re:Ozone depletion... by instarx · · Score: 1

      Everything you said was correct (and blindingly clear in the summary) up until your last sentence - which was pathetically stupid.

      Let's see - you fixed the biggest hole in your gas tank so you're just going to leave the other holes because they can't be a problem because you can now put gas in the tank faster than it leaks out? Let's don't even talk about the Chinese and Indians who keep punching more and bigger holes in it.

    44. Re:Ozone depletion... by instarx · · Score: 1

      You've never taken ANY mood altering drugs including coffee and you fell into a paranoid dilution [sic] when you had nitrous oxide at a dentist office. For some reason I am not surprised. I also assume you don't exercise because of the mood-altering endorphins produced.

      Normal human behavior falls along a continuum where some pleasant things are allowed in life. The taste and social enhancements of fine scotches, wines and coffees are some of those things that can enhance life's experiences, and yes, make you a better person. Really, just eating food makes you feel better. True, placing oneself at one end of the bell curve where these things are used excessively is negative and pathological behavior, placing oneself at the complete other end of the continuum seems just as pathological to me.

    45. Re:Ozone depletion... by instarx · · Score: 1

      Maybe YOUR wisdom teeth extractions were simple, but not all are. Although I was not knocked out either, mine had to be taken out in pieces in two different sessions. Not simple at all. I can easily see how some people would prefer to be unconscious, and it does happen.

      It is simply not done often in tooth extraction because it is much more dangerous than locals and you have to have an anesthesiologist in attendance during the surgery.

    46. Re:Ozone depletion... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Actually, nitrous oxids IS becoming an increasing problem, for two reasons:
      1) concentrations are increasing, and
      2) the reduction in CFCs as a result of Montreal Protocol successes actually increases the potency of nitrous oxide. The lead author of the paper explains it at: http://tinyurl.com/lqgwpj

    47. Re:Ozone depletion... by instarx · · Score: 1

      Next time you are at your supermarket, pick up an aerosol can of whipped cream. Check the label: the propellant is probably Nitrous Oxide. And the biggest source of Nox is automotive exhausts, or anywhere where oxygen-depleted air gets very hot.

      NOx (NO, NO2) are not nitrous oxide. Nitrous oxide is N20 and is not poisonous. Incorrect statements like this are the thing that makes stupid experimenting kids go out and try to breath their Mom's car's exhaust. And go ahead - make a joke about that, but it isn't really funny.

    48. Re:Ozone depletion... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Wow, that was an over-the-top reaction to an innocent line. The guy above wasn't saying that CFCs aren't a problem. he was saying that the suggestion that NITROUS OXIDE is a serious problem is laughable. He even mentioned that "We've drastically reduced our use of CFCs in recent years, so the 5-6% thinning of the ozone layer is actually being reversed." So, what he was basically saying is "We're getting better".

        Next time, if you're gonna flame, flame responsible. RTFP.

    49. Re:Ozone depletion... by thisnamestoolong · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Sorry, but the scientists weren't making it up, and the fact that you are so filled with ass-hat ignorance as to be certain of some bullshit conspiracy among scientists should help to convince anyone on the fence about global warning that people like you are just idiots without a freaking clue.

      The case for global warming really is not open and shut the way you present it -- there are mountains of conflicting data that one could draw any number of conclusions from. Yes, the Earth is warming for the time being. Nobody really knows if humans are causing this change, or if the upward trend is going to continue. The Earth's climate is always in flux and is far too complex of a situation for us to accurately model.

      That being said, I think the probability that human carbon emissions are causing global warming is great enough that it would be prudent of us to curb our output where possible. What we shouldn't do is spout hypotheses and opinions as if they were fact, you will only turn people away.

      --
      To the haters: You can't win. If you mod me down, I shall become more powerful than you could possibly imagine
    50. Re:Ozone depletion... by mcgrew · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Many medications ARE mind altering, especially allergy drugs. Benadryl puts me out like a light, and leaves me groggy when I wake up. Beats the hell out of a bad sinus headache!

    51. Re:Ozone depletion... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      How come global-warmists never mention water vapor, which is by far the biggest greenhouse gas. I guess there isn't any money in selling "steam credits". http://www.geocraft.com/WVFossils/greenhouse_data.html

    52. Re:Ozone depletion... by khayman80 · · Score: 1

      How come global-warmists never mention water vapor, which is by far the biggest greenhouse gas. I guess there isn't any money in selling "steam credits".

      Other than the section devoted to that exact issue, you mean?

    53. Re:Ozone depletion... by fluffy99 · · Score: 1

      Citing two papers doesn't show much. Particularly when you read the abstract for the first citation and it says "Additional climate forcing by changes in the Sun's output of ultraviolet light, and of magnetized plasmas, cannot be ruled out. The suggested mechanisms are, however, too complex to evaluate meaningfully at present."

      The second paper you cited says that both CO2 and the natural causes must be accounted for in order to make the current models fit the actual data. In other words CO2 is not the dominate controller.

      I can dig up just as many citations that show that solar output is sufficient. For example http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/235402/global-warming/274834/Variations-in-solar-output Those papers also question the validity of measuring a single portion of the spectrum at the earth surface and ignoring cosmis radiation and sunspot activity. Hence my assertion that there is still doubt that CO2 is the prime cause of the global temperature variations.

    54. Re:Ozone depletion... by vertinox · · Score: 1

      The next scare tactic out there is carbon emissions.

      I don't see the problem with simply reducing carbon emissions.

      Putting billions of tons of CO2 into the atmosphere isn't happening in a vacuum. Whether or not it is really the cause of global warming is not the issue.

      There are plenty of reasons to switch to other energy sources besides coal and oil.

      Namely they are geo-political and economic considerations, but they are valid as global warming.

      --
      "I am the king of the Romans, and am superior to rules of grammar!"
      -Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor (1368-1437)
    55. Re:Ozone depletion... by sorak · · Score: 1

      Was your doctor the scarecrow?

    56. Re:Ozone depletion... by khayman80 · · Score: 1

      Citing two papers doesn't show much. Particularly when you read the abstract for the first citation and it says "Additional climate forcing by changes in the Sun's output of ultraviolet light, and of magnetized plasmas, cannot be ruled out. The suggested mechanisms are, however, too complex to evaluate meaningfully at present."

      Yes, that's why I've got an entire section (7b) in the index devoted to the Sun's magnetic field effects on the Earth's climate. And, yes, UV light might be forcing the climate in ways that aren't currently understood. But the Sun is unusually dim right now, especially in UV light. Also, solar output varies primarily on an ~11 year cycle, and the recent warming has been growing for ~40 years. As I've repeatedly explained, the lack of a long-term trend in solar output means that it's probably not responsible for the recent warming.

      The second paper you cited says that both CO2 and the natural causes must be accounted for in order to make the current models fit the actual data. In other words CO2 is not the dominate controller.

      Of course! As I've been saying repeatedly, climatologists aren't saying that human emissions are completely responsible for everything happening to the climate. It's just that the recent warming can't be explained without including human emissions, which is making up a larger and larger proportion of the overall forcing of the global climate each decade.

      I can dig up just as many citations that show that solar output is sufficient. For example http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/235402/global-warming/274834/Variations-in-solar-output Those papers also question the validity of measuring a single portion of the spectrum at the earth surface and ignoring cosmis radiation and sunspot activity.

      I can't load that page, but this may be my cable modem's fault. At any rate, your description makes it sound like a retread of Svensmark 1998, which I've discussed already.

    57. Re:Ozone depletion... by LordLimecat · · Score: 1

      The amish dont drink coffee? Really?

    58. Re:Ozone depletion... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Since when is anecdotal evidence modded up to a 5?

    59. Re:Ozone depletion... by KDR_11k · · Score: 1

      They used a full injection on me for the second lower wisdom tooth, the first one was fine with local but on the second the local injection failed to work (after repeated attempts) so they couldn't start. The location of the nerve made sedation too risky so they used a total knockout.

      --
      Justice is the sheep getting arrested while an impartial judge declares the vote void.
    60. Re:Ozone depletion... by LanMan04 · · Score: 1

      Actually no, I have never dunk coffee. Medications, yes. But those are hardly what most people would think of as "mind altering drugs".

      Then "most people" need to expand their definition beyond what was drilled into them by the anti-recreational-drug crowd.

      --
      With the first link, the chain is forged.
    61. Re:Ozone depletion... by Ian+Alexander · · Score: 1

      No, not Amish, I just have no interest in distorting reality.

      Like the reality you perceive now hasn't already been distorted in a thousand different ways?

    62. Re:Ozone depletion... by insertwackynamehere · · Score: 1

      Dude I totally used to be like this and I totally respect people who choose this path, but let me let you in on a little secret: it doesn't make you better than everyone else in any way shape or form and your useless post in this thread implies that somehow, you think it does. Good for you, you don't use drugs. Stop spergin about it by freaking out if a RX is somehow going to distort your reality and ruin your purity and then bragging about your completely unremarkable choice on /. thanks :)

    63. Re:Ozone depletion... by insertwackynamehere · · Score: 1

      hey guys lets deplete the ozone layer more because this one guy here is a pussy eurotrash fuck who cant deal with needles but fuck america amirite guys all they do is pollute

    64. Re:Ozone depletion... by insertwackynamehere · · Score: 1

      His view of reality is already somewhat distorted because he thinks that we give a shit about his unremarkable life choices regarding his self-serving description of "drugs"

    65. Re:Ozone depletion... by insertwackynamehere · · Score: 1

      WTF this pussy tells everyone about his teetotaler path and how he got fucked up by anesthesia and people are responding with erowid c+ps as if somehow this is a legitimate topic or derail? some bitch couldnt handle knockout drugs at the dentist and suddenly every goon is an expert on hallucinogens trying to explain how next trip, this guy can enjoy his fucking knockout drug more. these posts remind me of nerdy 16 year olds in high school who discovered drugs and combine their two new favorite hobbies.. getting high and being an asperbergerific encylopedia of useless drug knowledge that most people dont actually give a fuck about

    66. Re:Ozone depletion... by ScrewMaster · · Score: 1

      You sure about that?

      Nope. I've been put under for a few different surgeries over the years, and I was told I was given IV anesthetics.

      --
      The higher the technology, the sharper that two-edged sword.
    67. Re:Ozone depletion... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      What are you, amish?

      Boring, or at least, not a good person to be seated next to at a dinner party

      Seriously, that's extremely depressing to me. Sort of like dying a virgin. No, not like that on second reflection. Dying a virgin is an unfortunate circumstance. Avoiding all explorations of consciousness is a sad mental illness. Even the lower animals seek diversity of states.

    68. Re:Ozone depletion... by markdavis · · Score: 1

      Look, I don't care WHAT you put into YOUR body. I am a basically a Libertarian and support the rights of people to do what they want to with their own bodies.

      Just because I choose not to attempt to "enhance" or "change" my perceptions with drugs has no bearing on others, whatsoever. I am not making a social commentary.

      I also don't care what you do or don't think about my life; as if you know anything about me. I was sharing an on-topic story about my one and only experience with a mind-altering drug, which happened to be N2O.

    69. Re:Ozone depletion... by markdavis · · Score: 1

      1) I never implied nor relayed that my choices were better than anyone else's.
      2) I am a Libertarian and support people's right to do whatever they want to do with their own bodies.
      3) It most certainly is an on-topic post about N2O when the thread wandered into medical uses.
      4) There is nothing remarkable about not using mind altering drugs.

      Why do my choices and story seem to threaten or upset you in some way? Most people seemed to find it interesting (and it was modded accordingly).

    70. Re:Ozone depletion... by markdavis · · Score: 1

      Oh, I agree that many medications have undesirable mental as well as physical side effects. But there is a difference in taking a cold medication and getting drowsy or dizzy, and taking something that removes social inhibitions, interferes with language ability, makes you hallucinate, makes you violent, bends visual or audible perception, interferes with laying down memory, or something to those effects.

      Nothing is absolute, and I didn't mean for my posting to sound that way. Everything is a chemical in one form or another... even food. Everything can affect a person in one way or another. Plus, different things affect people differently.

      An interesting question to pose regarding my story would be: If I had known what would happen with the N2O, would have have chosen the pain instead? Probably not. But I would have pushed for some other alternative.

    71. Re:Ozone depletion... by waferhead · · Score: 1

      I thought they figured out a few years ago the ozone "hole" in Antarcticas size correlated ~100% to the emissions of the volcano down there, and quite poorly with human generated CFCs emission volumes.

      Perhaps too inconveinient a truth to be widely discussed...

      Perhaps someday the Montreal protocol will be viewed as the tipping point that caused global warming, as the replacements for CFCs are generally hugely efficient greenhouse gasses. ;-)

    72. Re:Ozone depletion... by riverat1 · · Score: 1

      Because water vapor is not a forcing (driver) of climate but a feedback. The level of water vapor in the atmosphere is naturally limited by the fact that excess water vapor will condense and precipitate out in a short time period. I read once that if you removed all of the water vapor from the air (0% humidity) it would return to normal within about 60 days. So, water vapor, while it is the major component of the greenhouse effect can't drive climate because it doesn't stay in the atmosphere long enough. CO2 on the other hand has an atmospheric lifetime of 100's or 1000's of years.

    73. Re:Ozone depletion... by khayman80 · · Score: 1

      Yep.

    74. Re:Ozone depletion... by demonlapin · · Score: 1

      It's pretty routine to be given IV induction agents - to go out - but IV maintenance was a real bear before propofol came along unless you used some gas to supplement.

    75. Re:Ozone depletion... by riverat1 · · Score: 1

      That's probably the post where I got my information about the subject. It says that if you zero out the humidity it will be back to 90% of normal in about 14 days and 99% in 50 days.

    76. Re:Ozone depletion... by euxneks · · Score: 1

      Actually no, I have never dunk coffee. Medications, yes. But those are hardly what most people would think of as "mind altering drugs".

      No, not Amish, I just have no interest in distorting reality.

      Reality is relative, mind altering drugs only distort your reality, which, to the rest of us, is quite likely already distorted by your own experiences :) Who ever heard of someone not drinking coffee. Some people these days.

      --
      in girum imus nocte et consumimur igni
    77. Re:Ozone depletion... by kayditty · · Score: 0

      fwiw, benadryl can absolutely remove social inhibitions, interfere with language, bend visual and aural perception. and it is REALLY great at causing hallucinations and short-term memory loss. dextromethorphan (in cough medicine) can do much of the same, but the "hallucinations" it provides likely aren't going to be realistic hallucinations as with diphenhydramine.

    78. Re:Ozone depletion... by kayditty · · Score: 0

      it doesn't, but to people who're more informed and experienced it makes you sound somewhat closed-minded. it's not personal--I used to be almost exactly like you, and as it happens I also somewhat disliked when I was given nitrous at the dentist's office, back when I was anti-drug (for my own personal use, not anyone else's).

      you don't really seem to understand "drugs;" you have a hard time even determining what is and isn't one, but that's because there is no clear boundary, and most of what you've been led to understand about the subject is skewed and colored. I just hope you'll be more open minded and tolerant; yes, you're a "libertarian" and apparently advocate personal responsibility, which is great, but that doesn't mean you don't come off as a bit self-righteous about your choice. I admit to doing that in the past myself. I'm not saying you are doing that, but your post really lends that kind of impression. whatever the case, though, I want to know why you choose not to attempt to "enhance" or "change" your "perceptions," when you don't even really know what that means or entails? you're prejudging, not postjudging. as carl sagan would say, prejudging is a terrible thing, but postjudice is in some circles even encouraged.

      you should really look a bit more into the evidence. why, do you ask? to keep your integrity, that's why. you hold an opinion on an issue without being sufficiently educated on it. if you don't care about "recreational drugs" or have no desire to pursue them, that's fine, but that doesn't mean you should be making unreasoned statements about them.

    79. Re:Ozone depletion... by kayditty · · Score: 0

      hey! by this guy's criteria, I'm a hardcore drug addict. I've never drank coffee. the stuff just smells nasty. :
      I'm open minded though, and I'll probably give it a try eventually, but it's really aesthetically unappealing to me at the moment.

    80. Re:Ozone depletion... by mcgrew · · Score: 1

      Be glad you never had to be operated on back in the fifties, when medicine was horribly primitive. They put you out with ether back then, and it was terrible. It made you feel like you were dying. I was under it twice, once when I had my tonsils removed and once when I fell off a swingset and broke both my arms.

      Today they say "you're going to sleep now" and you wake up in the recovery room without any nausea (at least I had no nausea), drowsiness, feeling funny, or anything. They do, however, inform you that even though you feel perfectly normal if you drive they'll put you in jail.

      I've had this three times, one for a hemmoridectomy and twice with eye operations (cataract surgery and a vitrectomy). It was no problem at all.

    81. Re:Ozone depletion... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Wow - this really is insightful! It provides an insight into the spider-webbed cranial cavity of another great mind fighting the good fight against Big Science. There's no question that your gut will provide more reliable data about chemical reactivities and solar flux than all the experiments those pointy-headed intellectuals will ever do. I anxiously await your treatise explaining how we could all really be getting 200 mpg in our Expeditions if we were just allowed to put magnets on the fuel line.

    82. Re:Ozone depletion... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You guys missed the memo apparently. Turns out that CFC's don't deplete the ozone or are considered a green house gas. OOOOOOPPSS! Wonder why they didn't tell anyone or put that on the front page.

    83. Re:Ozone depletion... by Anarchduke · · Score: 1

      Sorry, but the myth about the ozone layer in Antarctica being caused by a volcano is just that, a myth.

      The original idea was a what-if hypothesis that was hatched by a geologist. A different right wing nut job named R.A. Maduro with a bachelors degree in geology wrote a book about it, claiming the whole CFC causing the ozone layer was a plot by the DuPont company to make money on CFC replacements, conveniently forgetting that DuPont was the world leader in creating CFC's in the first place.

      When you claim to debunk science, please have your facts in order and don't spread right wing fantasy bunk as scientific truth.

      My source for claiming that CFC's depleted the ozone layer is F. Sherwood Rowland, an atmospheric chemist and winner of the 1995 Nobel Prize in chemistry.

      Who do you have on your side?

      --
      who prays for Satan? Who in 18 centuries has had the humanity to pray for the 1 sinner that needed it most? ~Mark Twain
    84. Re:Ozone depletion... by Anarchduke · · Score: 1

      Sorry, but that "memo" is bullshit, CFS's do in fact damage the ozone layer.

      OOOOOOOPPSS! Someone posted as an anonymous coward and is a complete moron.

      --
      who prays for Satan? Who in 18 centuries has had the humanity to pray for the 1 sinner that needed it most? ~Mark Twain
  3. This is no laughing matter by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I'm super serial, guys.

  4. only one solution by FudRucker · · Score: 2, Funny

    we must attach bottles of nitrous oxide to our automobiles and burn it up ASAP!

    --
    Politics is Treachery, Religion is Brainwashing
    1. Re:only one solution by K.+S.+Kyosuke · · Score: 4, Funny

      Are you sure you want your car to suddenly start laughing when driving on a highway at 100 mph in the rush hour?

      --
      Ezekiel 23:20
    2. Re:only one solution by Donkey_Hotey · · Score: 1

      100 mph? During rush hour? Where?

      --
      (There is supposed to be a Sarcmark® here, but my $1.99 check hasn't cleared, yet...)
    3. Re:only one solution by kill-1 · · Score: 1

      On a German autobahn?

    4. Re:only one solution by Donkey_Hotey · · Score: 1

      I need to get a job in Germany.

      --
      (There is supposed to be a Sarcmark® here, but my $1.99 check hasn't cleared, yet...)
    5. Re:only one solution by K.+S.+Kyosuke · · Score: 1

      You don't need a job for that. My German grandpa was happily driving 120 mph after he had retired.

      --
      Ezekiel 23:20
    6. Re:only one solution by Zero__Kelvin · · Score: 1

      "You don't need a job for that. My German grandpa was happily driving 120 mph after he had retired." - [Emphasis Added]

      I guess you don't need a very active imagination to imagine how "is" got conjugated to "was" ;-)

      --
      Guns don't kill people; Physics kills people! - John Lithgow as Dick Solomon on Third Rock From The Sun
    7. Re:only one solution by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Much to the dismay of the rest of his awake and screaming family, right before they died?

    8. Re:only one solution by Blue+Stone · · Score: 1

      Don't worry, it's perfectly safe: German made cars are immune to the laughter-inducing effects of nitrous oxide.

      --
      Corporation, n. An ingenious device for obtaining individual profit without individual responsibility. - Ambrose Bierce
    9. Re:only one solution by RulerOf · · Score: 1

      Grrr... Modding overrated as opposed to funny is super annoying...

      --
      Boot Windows, Linux, and ESX over the network for free.
    10. Re:only one solution by icannotthinkofaname · · Score: 1

      Of course. Because it comes from Germany, and you know the Germans make good stuff.

      Just like that ShamWow thing.

      --
      Let q be a radix > 1. I am in ur base-q, killing 10 d00ds.
    11. Re:only one solution by K.+S.+Kyosuke · · Score: 1

      No, all of us have survived. People in that part of the world just live like that. :-)

      --
      Ezekiel 23:20
    12. Re:only one solution by JWSmythe · · Score: 1

      I think that gets tied to the old joke.....

          My grandfather died peacefully in his sleep. Much unlike the passengers in his car who were screaming the whole time. :)

          But if grandpa needs NOS to do 120, he needed a better car. It must be a bit late to review his other options. I was watching crash test videos of the "G-Whiz" electric car. I don't think there's a better suicide machine on the road. Even a 40mph front end impact is sure to be fatal.

      --
      Serious? Seriousness is well above my pay grade.
    13. Re:only one solution by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Informative

      Don't worry, it's perfectly safe: German made cars are immune to the laughter-inducing effects of nitrous oxide.

      More to the point, German drivers are more immune than Americans to having serious accidents. Getting a driver's license in Germany is, I believe far more serious business that over here. As I understand it, there is required rigorous (and expensive) training than we require.

      I've even heard it said that, when there's an accident on the autobahn, they don't send ambulances -- they send the meat wagon. High speed accidents are rare, but devastating when they do occur.

    14. Re:only one solution by BluBrick · · Score: 1

      As a product, the ShamWow itself is probably quite good. I just can't bring myself to get past the marketing to try it. But here's the key point - Wasn't it an American that made the marketing for that product?

      --
      Ahh - My eye!
      The doctor said I'm not supposed to get Slashdot in it!
    15. Re:only one solution by icannotthinkofaname · · Score: 1

      Details, details...

      Seriously, I've used ShamWows. They really are quite good at what they do.

      --
      Let q be a radix > 1. I am in ur base-q, killing 10 d00ds.
    16. Re:only one solution by Jedi+Alec · · Score: 1

      There's nothing quite like doing 120MPH on the Autobahn, enjoying the sensation of a good car doing what it was made to do, only to hear a big roar behind you and a red flash with a roof sitting below your windows passes by at a speed that makes it look as though you were standing still.

      Now as to getting a drivers license being serious business, Top Gear(uk car program, big budget, really good show) had an episode a while ago where one of their presenters went to Finland to find out why they produce so many great drivers. Turns out that in order to get a drivers license in Finland, you have to learn a whole range of manoeuvers normally confined to circuits and rally tracks.

      --

      People replying to my sig annoy me. That's why I change it all the time.
    17. Re:only one solution by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      No, but I need a very active imagination to wonder how a fucking asshole like yourself was produced by two human parents. You and your RELIGION need cocks in your mouths. Fucking religion. You can't even spell "Thoreau".

  5. Haha by Bangmaker · · Score: 1

    This is almost funny. You know, the gas and all. Whatever. Anyway, what other gasses do we have to do the same job(s)? I would think this might not go to well with the people who use it, given how common and likely (comparatively) inexpensive it is.

    1. Re:Haha by markdavis · · Score: 5, Interesting

      I am quite sure that the use in the medical and racing field are of no threat to the ozone layer. Those are intentionally created sources. The major threat is from general pollution that creates N2O. It is interesting to note, also, that according to Wikipedia, 70% of N2O is created naturally in soil and in/from the ocean.

    2. Re:Haha by Linzer · · Score: 1

      Anyway, what other gasses do we have to do the same job(s)?

      We can always replace gaseous anesthetics with injectable ones, like propofol. Heard of that one?

      --
      Gravitation is a theory, not a fact.
    3. Re:Haha by Donkey_Hotey · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Of course, the political response will be to pass a bill that places it on a restricted-chemicals list. Industry has a blanket exemption, but no personal/recreational use allowed...

      --
      (There is supposed to be a Sarcmark® here, but my $1.99 check hasn't cleared, yet...)
    4. Re:Haha by Kral_Blbec · · Score: 4, Interesting

      propofol is already one of the most widely used anesthetics (if i remember correctly, its actually a hyponotic, but thats beside the point). Using a mixture of gases and injection reduces the dosage required for any individual drug drastically, meaning less of a reaction to any given drug. It spreads it around so to speak.

      I'm not sure how much medical usage really can effect the ozone layer, because it is contained by the anesthesia machine and metabolized by the body, meaning it isnt released into the atmosphere. I don't know a lot about its other uses though. I'm just familiar with it in the operating room.

    5. Re:Haha by icegreentea · · Score: 2, Interesting

      One of the things about nitrous oxide as a anesthetic is that it's barley metabolized by the body at all. So like 99% of the nitrous you breath in, you end up breathing back out (which is why you gotta use it in a well ventilated room... can't have your operating staff getting woosy can we?). On the other hand, nitrous is almost totally consumed when used in racing. But, it's also used as a propellant in aerosols, as well as an gas to displace oxygen/air in sealed food containers. Those will just let the gas go nillywilly when used.

    6. Re:Haha by MillionthMonkey · · Score: 1

      Desflurane, sevoflurane, and isoflurane.

    7. Re:Haha by treat · · Score: 2, Informative

      So like 99% of the nitrous you breath in, you end up breathing back out

      You waste your $5 that way. Take small breaths, mix it with some air so you can hold it it in longer. SIT DOWN before you fall down. Wrap the balloon end around your finger so you don't slip and lose any. Don't breathe out until you have to.

    8. Re:Haha by Eternauta3k · · Score: 2, Informative

      I'm not sure how much medical usage really can effect the ozone layer, because it is contained by the anesthesia machine and metabolized by the body, meaning it isnt released into the atmosphere

      Nope, it appears it's barely metabolized

      --
      Yeah. Would you choose a neurosurgeon who pokes around people's brains in his spare time? I wouldn't.
    9. Re:Haha by treat · · Score: 4, Interesting

      propofol is already one of the most widely used anesthetics (if i remember correctly, its actually a hyponotic, but thats beside the point). Using a mixture of gases and injection reduces the dosage required for any individual drug drastically, meaning less of a reaction to any given drug. It spreads it around so to speak.

      Not why. In surgery, some drugs are "background" drugs to keep you always anesthesized. Some are stronger and shorter-acting, and are meant to keep you actually half-dead, requiring closer monitoring. But the background drugs ensure that you're still on something when they back off of the serious ones.

      Nitrous and Propofol are in the 'background' drug category. Longer acting and less strong.

    10. Re:Haha by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      fuck dont do this... please ......... I am addicted to that stuff dont ban it.....

      funny my captch is memories

    11. Re:Haha by commodore64_love · · Score: 1

      The CARB and EPA both regulate NOx so that cars only emit a few thousandths of a gram per mile. Their main concern is not the ozone layer, but the effects of ground-level pollutants on human lungs.

      --
      "I disapprove of what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it." - historian Evelyn Beatrice Hall
    12. Re:Haha by EvilBudMan · · Score: 1

      --that according to Wikipedia, 70% of N2O is created naturally in soil and in/from the ocean.--

      Damn that's a funny story.

    13. Re:Haha by tunapez · · Score: 1

      If I had mod points I'd fix your Score to Insightful.

      RIP my 2-stroke friends.

      --
      Imagination drew in bold strokes, instantly serving hopes and fears, while knowledge advanced by slow increments...
    14. Re:Haha by sjames · · Score: 2, Informative

      Actually both nitrous and Propofol are valued because they are fast acting and clear very quickly once stopped. Nitrous is generally used pre-mixed 50:50 with oxygen making it quite safe for use in a dentists or doctor's office. Propofol requires much closer monitoring and has higher potential for adverse reactions.

    15. Re:Haha by sjames · · Score: 1

      All of which are more difficult to use, have more serious potential side effects, and are more dangerous so require much more involved monitoring. Fine for an OR (where deeper anesthesia is necessary anyway), but not at all acceptable for a dentist's office.

      And actually, those are liquids at STP.

    16. Re:Haha by budgenator · · Score: 1

      Not sure how your measuring 50:50 but most Dentists typically administer at 5L/Min O2 and 2L/Min N2O. occasionally kick it up to 4L/minO2:3L/minN2O for induction then back down to 5:2 for maintenance.

      --
      Apocalypse Cancelled, Sorry, No Ticket Refunds
    17. Re:Haha by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      So, thanks, your "20x" argument shows actually how severe human CO2 production actually is.

      True perhaps, but it wouldn't help the poster way back who needed N2O to trank him out enough to be able to tolerate an injection.

    18. Re:Haha by sjames · · Score: 2, Informative

      Commonly the N2O cylinder itself contains a 50/50 mixture so that even if no additional O2 is mixed in (clogged valve, cylinder goes empty, etc) the patient will be safe. That allows an inexpensive minimalist setup to be perfectly safe.

      A similar thing is often done with Helium for balloons so kids won't asphyxiate while changing their voices.

    19. Re:Haha by Lumpy · · Score: 1

      On the other hand, nitrous is almost totally consumed when used in racing

      On a real track by professionals? yes. you are correct.

      In the street with rich kiddie wannabes with neon all over and bright yellow headlights and a Skyhook wing? Nope. They spray 1/2 of it into the air as it looks cool.

      I see those idiots spraying their Purge lines all the time.

      --
      Do not look at laser with remaining good eye.
    20. Re:Haha by Kral_Blbec · · Score: 1

      I stand corrected. Thank you.

    21. Re:Haha by demonlapin · · Score: 1

      Ask an asthmatic how much they like their new HFA-propellant inhalers vs the old CFC-driven ones, which are now banned.

    22. Re:Haha by demonlapin · · Score: 1
      I am a practicing American anesthesiologist.

      Propofol is used primarily as an agent for the induction of general anesthesia rather than for maintenance. There are several reasons why this is so:
      1. Propofol is expensive. A 20mL vial - i.e., an induction dose - costs my hospital about $15. A typical 2-hour surgery would require 150 mL or so. $120 for propofol, vs. $10 (at most) for gas anesthesia.
      2. Propofol is bacteria food. To solubilize it requires a lipid emulsion. For safety, it cannot be used after 6 hr and thus cannot be cheaply provided from bulk containers (as the gases can).
      3. We cannot measure blood propofol concentrations on the fly; we can easily measure exhaled anesthetic gases. This gives some degree of certainty with gas anesthetics that the patient is, in fact, unconscious.
      4. It takes forever to wear off if done as an infusion.

      Having said all that, it is a superior induction agent due to the rapid recovery from single-dose injection and its anti-nausea properties. So it's used for induction, but not to keep you out. (Why don't we just give you gas to go to sleep? Because there's Stage II anesthesia - a disinhibition, in which people routinely go wild. Propofol skips that step by knocking you flat out.)

      And to answer others who mentioned the spread of the gas: it's not ventilated into the OR, due to the closed breathing circuit, but it is evacuated by the hospital vacuum system and ejected into the atmosphere.

    23. Re:Haha by demonlapin · · Score: 1

      Don't forget halothane and enflurane. (Although it's hard to figure out if anyone is still selling enflurane.)

    24. Re:Haha by Curunir_wolf · · Score: 1

      No more hippy crack?

      --
      "Somebody has to do something. It's just incredibly pathetic it has to be us."
      --- Jerry Garcia
    25. Re:Haha by gchesney0001 · · Score: 0

      So ban soil - not luaghing gas.

      --
      Bite me
    26. Re:Haha by fluffy99 · · Score: 1

      I can certainly believe that some O2 is added to the N20 for medical use for the reasons you cite, but I don't see why they'd go more than the normal 21% atmospheric concentration.

      I doubt they add O2 to helium tanks. Adding in heavy O2 would defeat the purpose of using a light gas in ballons. A 50/50 mix would have 1/3 the lift of a straight helium. Welders certainly don't want O2 in their Helium tanks (used for some specialize welding).

    27. Re:Haha by budgenator · · Score: 1

      Bullshit:

      Synonym : Nitrogen oxide (N2O); Dinitrogen monoxide; Dinitrogen oxide; Laughing gas; N2O;
      Factitious air; Hyponitrous acid anhydride; Nitrogen oxide; UN 1070; UN 2201;
      Nitrogen Monoxide; Nitral; Diazyne 1-oxide; NITROUS OXIDE, REFRIGERATED
      Physical state Gas. [COLORLESS LIQUEFIED COMPRESSED GAS. ODORLESS OR WITH A MILD
      SWEET ODOR. [INHALATION ANESTHETIC] [NOTE: SHIPPED AS A LIQUIFIED
      COMPRESSED GAS]]
      DANGER!
      Section 3. Composition, Information on Ingredients
      Name Nitrous Oxide CAS 10024-97-2
        % Volume 100 Exposure limits ACGIH TLV (United States, 1/2008).
      TWA: 90 mg/m 8 hour(s).
      TWA: 50 ppm 8 hour(s).
      NITROUS OXIDE

      an O2 cylinder is full at 2000 PSI a Nitrous cylindr is full at 850PSI, mixing the two in the cylinder is going to give a highly variable mixture; and there is no "perfectly safe, minimalist setup "; a sedation unit used in Dentistry is going to run you $2500.00 - $3,000.00 with scavenging unit and that doesn't count the wall mount manifold with the fail-safe valve that cuts off the nitrous flow when there is no O2 pressure. Your misinformation is just wishful thinking on the part of high-ons trying to convince themselves that huffing Nitrous isn't potentially deadly.

      --
      Apocalypse Cancelled, Sorry, No Ticket Refunds
    28. Re:Haha by budgenator · · Score: 1

      "Balloon gas" frequently isn't pure, and welding gas will sometimes contain argon.

      --
      Apocalypse Cancelled, Sorry, No Ticket Refunds
    29. Re:Haha by fluffy99 · · Score: 1

      Okay so I called the local weld shop where we get our gases. You're right that "ballon gas" usually isn't pure, but its normally about 20% air. The reason for that is that it's simply cheaper to manufacture it. Welding quality helium tanks are much more pure and expensive (and no they don't add argon as its more expensive than the helium).

    30. Re:Haha by sjames · · Score: 1

      The data sheet you posted is not for medical grade gas, it's for analytical chemistry. In that application, the O2 would be a problem.

      Have a look. Instructions for use include turning the cylinder upside down and back a few times to re-mix the gas.

      a sedation unit used in Dentistry is going to run you $2500.00 - $3,000.00 with scavenging unit

      A dental sedation unit IS an inexpensive minimalist setup. If you want sticker shock, look at a full anesthesia machine and the anesthetist to run it.

      Your misinformation is just wishful thinking on the part of high-ons trying to convince themselves that huffing Nitrous isn't potentially deadly.

      I'm talking about the proper use of medical grade gas with appropriate training and setting. You're talking about people using food grade or worse gas with no training in order to get high. Big surprise, products not meant for medical use might not be suitably safe for medical use!

      If I go to the dentist and he starts cracking N2O cartridges into balloons, I'm leaving!

    31. Re:Haha by sjames · · Score: 1

      I can certainly believe that some O2 is added to the N20 for medical use for the reasons you cite, but I don't see why they'd go more than the normal 21% atmospheric concentration.

      Adding extra O2 adds a safety margin. The person will be undergoing surgery (however minor) after all. You want there to be enough in the case that the contents of the cylinder have stratified or if the patient has brief apnea.

      I doubt they add O2 to helium tanks. Adding in heavy O2 would defeat the purpose of using a light gas in ballons. A 50/50 mix would have 1/3 the lift of a straight helium.

      It may or may not be 50/50 there, but it's purpose is to lift a kid's balloon. 1/3rd is more than enough.

      Welders certainly don't want O2 in their Helium tanks (used for some specialize welding).

      That would be why I said helium FOR BALLOONS and did not say welding gas! I'm talking about the stuff that ends up in the grocery store operated by an untrained high schooler to fill a mylar balloon.

    32. Re:Haha by LunaticTippy · · Score: 1

      I like them OK, but it is unfortunate that all inhalers are brand name again for no good reason. I miss the $3 ones, now they are closer to $30. Same exact active ingredients.

      --
      Man, you really need that seminar!
    33. Re:Haha by MillionthMonkey · · Score: 1

      And actually, those are liquids at STP.

      So use them dissolved in air at less than their partial pressure. I suppose isoflurane-whipped cream is out?

    34. Re:Haha by sjames · · Score: 1

      So use them dissolved in air at less than their partial pressure. I suppose isoflurane-whipped cream is out?

      Actually they are heated in a vaporizing canister in an anesthesia machine. Necessarily the mechanism is vastly more complex, expensive, and harder to use than the relatively simple regulated gas mixer and demand valve used in a dentist's office. You still have to use an induction anesthesia (often N2O or propofol) so the patient can tolerate the primary agent.

      Yes, isoflurane-whipped creme would be right out :-)

    35. Re:Haha by budgenator · · Score: 1

      Commonly the N2O cylinder itself contains a 50/50 mixture

      Item Name: NITROUS OXIDE,USP
      Company's Name: LIQUID AIR CORP CALIFORNIA PLZ
      Company's Street: 2121 N CALIFORNIA BLVD
      Company's P. O. Box:
      Company's City: WALNUT CREEK
      Company's State: CA
      Company's Country: US
      Company's Zip Code: 94598
      Company's Emerg Ph #: 415-977-6500
      Company's Info Ph #: 415-977-6500
      Proprietary: NO
      Ingredient: NITROUS OXIDE *
      Ingredient Sequence Number: 01
      Percent: >98
      Ingredient Action Code:
      Ingredient Focal Point: D
      NIOSH (RTECS) Number: QX1350000
      CAS Number: 10024-97-2
      OSHA PEL: NOT ESTABLISHED *
      ACGIH TLV: 50 PPM; 9192 *
      Other Recommended Limit: NONE SPECIFIED NITROUS OXIDE,USP

      Entonox is 50:50, but Nitrous Oxide USP is 98% or greater, typically Reagent or Industrial grades are purer than USP grade so Reagent/Industrial grades are also labeled USP, but not vica versa, it is normally cheaper to stock one item for both than to maintain two inventories. Welding Oxygen is also purer than Oxygen USP so the same applies.
      If I go to the dentist and he starts cracking N2O cartridges into balloons, I'm leaving!

      How about one of these?

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    36. Re:Haha by budgenator · · Score: 1

      Actually I was thinking about MIG gas for stainless, can be a He/Ar mixture or even a He/Ar/CO2 mixture, not cutting balloon gas with Argon.

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  6. Pickups by s4m7 · · Score: 1

    Does this mean racing games will have to use some kind of different pickups for speed boosts?

    --
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  7. Research dilemma by girlintraining · · Score: 3, Informative

    ...at the moment researchers could not say with confidence 'how much nitrous oxide comes from where.'

    That would probably be because it isn't regulated. It's actually legal to own despite its recreational properties. As an oxidizer it has many industrial uses. And like all oxidizers, yes, when it gets into the upper atmosphere Bad Things Happen(tm). We may need better methods of containing it (it is a gas at room temperature, of course) when used in an industrial setting, but that's about the extent of what we can do to contain the problem -- it's a very basic chemical with a wide range of applications, many of which aren't amiable to being changed to using another agent.

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    1. Re:Research dilemma by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "it's a very basic chemical with a wide range of applications, many of which aren't amiable to being changed to using another agent."

      I think better comedians could offset some of it'sÂuses.

    2. Re:Research dilemma by treat · · Score: 1

      ...at the moment researchers could not say with confidence 'how much nitrous oxide comes from where.'

      That would probably be because it isn't regulated.

      It's regulated. It's not scheduled or listed.

    3. Re:Research dilemma by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I'm pretty sure there was a law made here in New Zealand a couple of years to restrict NO2 usage since the were a heap of bars
      that specialised in it.

      OTOH we only just started controlling BZP use.

    4. Re:Research dilemma by girlintraining · · Score: 0

      It's regulated. It's not scheduled or listed.

      That would be because the DEA doesn't regulate it, so it's under the auspices of the FDA.

      --
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    5. Re:Research dilemma by apoc.famine · · Score: 1

      It's not that at all. Human output via gaseous means is minimal.
       
      The largest amount of N2O is from certain bacteria that live in the soil. They are a very uncommon species, but do a fantastic job turning nitrogen based fertilizers into N2O. While they aren't common, farmland is. And the amount of fertilizer we dump onto the ground is massive.

      --
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    6. Re:Research dilemma by YttriumOxide · · Score: 2, Insightful

      It's actually legal to own despite its recreational properties.

      Going off on a bit of a tangent here, but this statement just sums up everything I hate about the 'war on drugs'. Despite its recreational properties? Despite?!

      </rant>

      --
      My book about LSD and Self-Discovery
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  8. I blame Starbucks. by SvnLyrBrto · · Score: 1

    After all, where else does a sudden uptick in nitrous oxide emissions come from?

    The ricers and rocketry enthusiasts burn it up in their engines. The hippies and dental patients metabolize it. So where else would more nitrous in the environment be coming from except from the relatively recent proliferation of gourmet coffee shops?

    --
    Imagine all the people...
    1. Re:I blame Starbucks. by Kral_Blbec · · Score: 1

      McDonald's?

    2. Re:I blame Starbucks. by rhook · · Score: 1

      So where else would more nitrous in the environment be coming from except from the relatively recent proliferation of gourmet coffee shops?

      Starbucks is hardly gourmet.

  9. Re:Always one more... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    This article doesn't really matter. Any amount of numbers can be thrown around, quoted, refuted, or postulated.

    Yeah, like Homer said "Facts are meaningless. You could use facts to prove anything that's even remotely true".

  10. sweet smelling by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    It's never smelled sweet to me. Weird. Never inhaled it through my nose I guess, but still..

  11. The sad, empty lives of liberals by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    Even laughing gas is no fun.

  12. Oh no by yttrstein · · Score: 2, Funny

    Dear Planet Earth:

    I'm really sorry for all those whip-its I did in college.

    1. Re:Oh no by JWSmythe · · Score: 2, Interesting

          But, those were for scientific purposes. You were observing the expansion of gasses into a flexible container. You observed when a compressed gas is released rapidly, it causes dramatic cooling of the container. You observed the freezing effects will burn your skin. You also observed the anesthetic effects of inhalation of a readily available product when applied in off-label uses.

          If you should apologize for anything, it would be for using your parents money to pay for your tuition and living expenses; to the planet for the trees that were used in the production of your books; and the massive amounts of energy wasted in keeping the universities running. :) This NOS you released is trivial in comparison to the cars, buses, or whatever internal combustion vehicle you may have used to get to school and travel while you were there.

      --
      Serious? Seriousness is well above my pay grade.
    2. Re:Oh no by sorak · · Score: 1

      He may have also observed that if you do not hold tightly while unscrewing the cracker, it can break my windshield....or his windshield, I mean.

    3. Re:Oh no by mcgrew · · Score: 1

      About thise trees --

      As long as they were cut from a tree farm, rather than from a rain forest, I don't see how cutting trees harms the planet. Now, the dioxin released from the papermaking, maybe.

    4. Re:Oh no by JWSmythe · · Score: 1

      A cut tree is still a cut tree, regardless of where it was. At least tree farms generally replant new trees.

          When I was a kid, we planted acres of trees. It was beautiful taking a lonely pasture and making a forest out of it.

          I looked at Google Maps, and from the satellite view, it was still a forest. They recently did a street view, and it's all gone, except for a few odd trees that were not part of our planting. That land will probably be filled with condos in the next 10 years.

          Satellite View

          Street View

          Just because it was a legitimate lumber company doesn't mean that the deforestation will be replanted any time soon.

      --
      Serious? Seriousness is well above my pay grade.
    5. Re:Oh no by mcgrew · · Score: 1

      As you say, a replanted cut tree doesn't hurt anything. And it's a pity so much wood is wasted, none of the trees knocked down by the tornados here in 2006 were ever used as anything more than mulch, and there were HUGE piles of limbs and branches.

      Cutting the rain forest is the worst, for a lot of reasons. One is those trees are just burned to clear land, which releases all the carbon stored in the trees. If they were used for paper at least the carbon wouldn't be released into the atmosphere.

  13. Oh wow... by jmerlin · · Score: 0, Redundant

    aaahahahhahhahahahhhahahahaha... HA!

    1. Re:Oh wow... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      No more Nitrous Oxide for you.

  14. Re:that sounds like by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    We covered this on the previous Christian Science Monitor article, idiot.

  15. Mislead much? by Perp+Atuitie · · Score: 5, Informative
    Hate to break into the hilarity fest, but the post makes a propaganda point and a lame joke by leaving out the core of the report:

    Nitrous oxide has a range of natural and human-made sources. The largest man-made source is agriculture, where the gas gets emitted after bacteria in soil break down the nitrogen in chemical fertilizers as well as in manure-based fertilizers. Nitrous oxide also comes from burning fossil fuels and from burning biomass.

    Nobody's talking about laughing gas, the anesthetic and geek enhancer. They're talking about artificial and natural shit -- let the new round of hilarity begin.

    1. Re:Mislead much? by Sique · · Score: 1

      So, tell me the difference between N2O, the Laughing Gas, and N2O, the nitrous oxide created for instance in internal combustion engines by while burning gas with air at high temperatures.

      They are actually exactly the same stuff.

      --
      .sig: Sique *sigh*
    2. Re:Mislead much? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      One kills you when you stick your nose in the tail pipe!

    3. Re:Mislead much? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The same product, a different magnitude of impact on the environment. There is the difference.

    4. Re:Mislead much? by Big+Smirk · · Score: 2, Interesting

      I'm not sure what Perp is refering to... but

      N2O, aka laughing gas, is used as an oxidizer on some racing engines (curiously, AFAIK, mostly allowed only by amateur level drag). When it enters a hot combustion chamber, the N separates from the O and the O is then available to support the burning of more fuel. N2O is typically injected as a high pressure liquid - almost immediately turning to gas when it his warm engine parts. This is Nitrous Oxide
      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrous_oxide

      NOx is a smog forming emission from internal combustion engines (among other sources). High heat, availability of oxygen - perhaps some pressure (from engine compression) cause it to form. NOx emissions were first controlled in the late 60s by managing ignition timing and adding exhaust gas recirculation and/or lowering compression ratio (efficiencies) of engines. This is Nitric Oxide
      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitric_oxide

      The EPA articles seem to use the terms interchangeably - moving back and forth. Not sure how much I can trust their analysis.

      --
      TODO: create/find/steal funny sig.
    5. Re:Mislead much? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      We're not talking about NOS or Laughing Gas.

      We're talking about naturally-emitted N2O from chemical fertilizers and natural means.

      There's no way to really prevent it, whereas your ricer we can just throw in the junkyard.

      Whoever gave you a +1 Underrated didn't read a thing you said. Perp is the man with the plan here.

    6. Re:Mislead much? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The problem with combustion engines is actually what is called NOx, a mixture of different Nitrogen/Oxygen molecules, some of which are toxic.

      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NOx

    7. Re:Mislead much? by aaarrrgggh · · Score: 1

      Nitrous Oxide is N2O
      Nitrogen Oxide is NOx

      Not the same thing.

    8. Re:Mislead much? by budgenator · · Score: 1

      They put enough sulfur-oxides in the racing stuff that people will not huff it, only difference.

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    9. Re:Mislead much? by ohsmeguk · · Score: 1

      Not quite..
      I think you may have mistaken N2O (Laughing Gas - Nitrous Oxide) and NO2 (Nitrogen Dioxide). N2O is a colourless, sweet smelling anaesthetic gas whilst NO2 is a toxic brown gas that is often present in exausts.
      Two very different compounds indeed...

    10. Re:Mislead much? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Aw, man! You mean all those years I could have been inhaling fumes from shit and getting high for free? Jeez ... don't I feel like a fool.

    11. Re:Mislead much? by riverat1 · · Score: 1

      Hmm... I wonder if the presence of the N2 that released the O in the combustion chamber leads to higher NOx output from the tail pipe?

  16. Re:Oh noes by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    Dear Planet Earth:

    I'm really sorry for all those whippets I did in college.

    Fixed that for you.

  17. Re:To the Global Warming naysayers by jmerlin · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Any global agenda behind which there is a "political will" is innately corrupt, bullshit, or something that they stand to benefit or gain personally from. Our politicians aren't trying to fix world hunger are they? No? But we care SO MUCH about a prediction that at our current use something which will kill off life on this planet in hundreds of thousands of years?

    You can't honestly stand here and believe that the most corrupt people in the world give a shit about the ozone layer or global warming -- before anything "bad" happens as a result of any man-made climate problems (even if they are true -- though largely unproven), they, their children, and children's great great grandchildren will be all dead and gone. All they care about right now is having power and getting wealthy. "Cap and Trade" is not a constructive tax -- it is destructive. We have technologies other than coal and oil to produce energy, but it is far too expensive to implement privately, we NEED a $1 TRILLION bill to kick-start it, but congress isn't willing to toss that one down, but they'll gladly punish us for using the only cheap and available technology that will keep this country running. Why do you think that is? Because they can sit here and tax the US citizens for using oil, and quite dramatically at that, to get lots and lots of money -- but do you honestly think any of that money will come back to us? $2 Trillion in deficit spending already has gone *poof*... the trillions to come trickling out of our GDP from this tax will disappear just as well, and with absolutely no liability to anyone in congress while they kick back and enjoy the gold linings in their pockets.

    It's just the next buzz-word in politics: "omgs, it might destroy human life on the earth in a few hundred years in a worst case scenario!!"... As far as self-preservation goes, these politicians ought to be worried more about disrespecting and angering the citizens that give them power, after all, if they continue down this path, it'll be the French Revolution all over again, and I'll bring my guillotine with me.

  18. (pointing at the sky) by commodoresloat · · Score: 3, Funny

    Ha-Ha!

  19. You raff, You Rose? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    A meme becomes the defacto threat to humanity?

  20. and natural CO2 production is 20x mans by Shivetya · · Score: 2, Funny

    but it damn well won't stop the "consensus" train.

    The only good thing about N2O is that its not something you can tax the population over, at least directly. Can't wait to see who the N2O bogeymen are going to be.

    --
    * Winners compare their achievements to their goals, losers compare theirs to that of others.
    1. Re:and natural CO2 production is 20x mans by Arlet · · Score: 3, Funny

      Natural absorption is also 20x man's production

    2. Re:and natural CO2 production is 20x mans by khayman80 · · Score: 4, Interesting

      and natural CO2 production is 20x mans ... but it damn well won't stop the "consensus" train. The only good thing about N2O is that its not something you can tax the population over, at least directly. Can't wait to see who the N2O bogeymen are going to be.

      I got tired of repeating myself on Slashdot, so I wrote an article showing that abrupt climate change is a matter of serious concern. There seem to be an endless number of internet ninjas promoting claims like this, despite the fact that CO2 hasn't risen above 300ppm in the last 650,000 years. But then we come along and the concentration skyrockets to 380ppm in a matter of decades, which is 35x faster than any increase in the last 650,000 years.

      As other posters have remarked, natural CO2 production and absorption aren't relevant to the current CO2 problem because they balance each other. Our emissions and volcanoes are the only sources of CO2 that aren't balanced, and humans emit 100x more CO2 than volcanoes.

    3. Re:and natural CO2 production is 20x mans by techno-vampire · · Score: 0, Redundant
      I took a look at your article, and found it interesting, and not obviously biased. Very good!

      I also noticed that you were very careful to specify that your temperature graph only went back 300 years. This is significant in a way you didn't mention: it means that the first half of it records temperatures at the end of The Little Ice Age, and the portion between about 1830 and 1900 (roughly) shows the climate "recovering" from that. As the graph doesn't go far enough back to show The Early Medieval Warm (Yeah, I know: you have to work with what you've got.) it gives the impression that the climate hadn't changed for thousands of years, then suddenly began to warm at or near the beginning of The Industrial Revolution.

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    4. Re:and natural CO2 production is 20x mans by khayman80 · · Score: 3, Informative

      Thanks. As you say, the climate changes naturally. The graph immediately below the one you're talking about shows temperature reconstructions over the last 1000 years that support what you're saying. These natural climate changes establish a range of natural variability, and current measurements show that the climate is now changing much faster than can be attributed to natural causes.

    5. Re:and natural CO2 production is 20x mans by Ellis+D.+Tripp · · Score: 1

      Can't wait to see who the N2O bogeymen are going to be.

      Rocketry hobbyists, perhaps?

      Some of us use N2O as an oxidizer in hybrid rocket motors, and I suspect that the government is looking for revenge after we sued the ATF and won earlier this year, then hauled them back into court to sue for our legal fees back! :)

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    6. Re:and natural CO2 production is 20x mans by radtea · · Score: 1

      Can't wait to see who the N2O bogeymen are going to be.

      Whoever they are you can be damned sure they won't be individuals who are the recipients of the stuff, because that would necessarily mean putting the environment front-and-centre, whereas almost all "environmental" policy is about social and legal control of some people by others, which is always UNSUSTAINABLE.

      --
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    7. Re:and natural CO2 production is 20x mans by khayman80 · · Score: 1

      There's a similar post further down this page which is currently modded "troll." Fascinating.

    8. Re:and natural CO2 production is 20x mans by khayman80 · · Score: 2, Informative

      How long has there been life on the Earth?

      Single-celled life may be ~3 billion years old, but multi-cellular life is ~600 million years old.

      How high had CO2 skyrocketed before 650,000 years ago?

      We're still searching, but the current level is higher than at any point in at least the past 2 million years. Furthermore, as I mention in the article, the Sun was dimmer in the distant past, and the biosphere was totally different so the sources/sinks of CO2 weren't the same as today. Also, the positions of the continents have a profound effect on the climate, and they move on those timescales. Comparisons across distant geological time are tricky at best.

      This is what I love about you semi-honest "scientists". Why are you limiting your dates to 650,000 years ago? That's not really a long time in the history of this planet.

      Because as I mention in the article, that's the age corresponding to EPICA, the deepest antarctic ice core extracted so far.

    9. Re:and natural CO2 production is 20x mans by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Consider some additional information:

              http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Five_Myr_Climate_Change.png

      It looks to me like the earth has been going through warm spikes for a lot longer than we've been around. Our current spike started well before mankind was doing much of anything. One could even conjecture that we're around because it got warmer...

      As far as "rates of change" go, I'm not certain you can say much at all about the long term history without better resolution in the data. For instance, the rate could vary quite wildly in the blink of 100 years, but that would be blurred in the long term record. These ice and sediment cores implement a nice low pass filter based on how they accumulated and are measured.

      Tacking high resolution data from modern thermometers on to data taken from ice cores seems dubious.

    10. Re:and natural CO2 production is 20x mans by khayman80 · · Score: 1

      It looks to me like the earth has been going through warm spikes for a lot longer than we've been around. Our current spike started well before mankind was doing much of anything. One could even conjecture that we're around because it got warmer...

      1. We're talking about spikes in CO2, not temperature. One way to see that the current climate change is artificial is that the spike in CO2 is happening before the temperature spike rather than centuries afterwards like in the natural record.
      2. I've already said that the climate varies on long timescales but that Meehl 2004 shows the current warming can't be accounted for by natural forcings. Greenhouse gas emissions are the only way we can explain the temperatures over the last ~40 years. And as I've said, it's quite easy to measure our emitted CO2 because governments tax oil and coal. Those estimates are easily high enough to account for the sudden increase in CO2. We're definitely causing the CO2 spike, and it's very likely causing the temperatures to increase at a rate that's likely to be dangerous.
      3. Again, as I've repeatedly stressed, events such as Heinrich and Dansgaard-Oeschger events are the best examples of abrupt climate change in the paleoclimate record. These are well known in the climatology community, but they're different from what's happening today for reasons I just mentioned. These ancient events are worrying, though, because they show the climate has a propensity to shift quickly from one state to another, given even small forcings.

      As far as "rates of change" go, I'm not certain you can say much at all about the long term history without better resolution in the data. For instance, the rate could vary quite wildly in the blink of 100 years, but that would be blurred in the long term record. These ice and sediment cores implement a nice low pass filter based on how they accumulated and are measured.

      Yes, ice core data are smoothed by diffusion and compaction, but studies like Delmotte 2004 and Jouzel 2007 have examined the data at a resolution of ~100 years and largely support the conclusions in the original Vostok and EPICA papers.

      Of course, you could respond that decadal variations could exist, but to the best of my knowledge no known natural mechanism exists that could allow CO2 to fluctuate so wildly so quickly. Actually, the Siberian traps may qualify as a plausible natural source, but what sink could possibly have absorbed the CO2 quickly enough to drive the level down far enough below the average for the low-pass signal to record no evidence of this event?

    11. Re:and natural CO2 production is 20x mans by khayman80 · · Score: 1

      Sorry, forgot this bit:

      Consider some additional information.

      Interesting study, without a doubt. But it uses oxygen isotope records as a proxy for the global mass of ice sheets, and I was discussing CO2 records. Plus, it agrees with the Vostok ice core temperature reconstruction.

    12. Re:and natural CO2 production is 20x mans by flyingrobots · · Score: 1

      The main problem I have with your position is the incessant manipulation of temperature data by those who really believe in global warming. This article points this out. How can we believe these pretty charts when temperature data is so easily manipulated?

    13. Re:and natural CO2 production is 20x mans by khayman80 · · Score: 1

      Yes, it's common for people to claim there's a giant conspiracy among scientists. I've faced this repeatedly in the article from people like Jane Q. Public. No, data aren't being manipulated to serve some political agenda. Scientists aren't evil monsters. We're people just like you, and our primary interest is in understanding the universe, not pushing an agenda. For instance, my interest in this subject began when I was trying to solve an unrelated problem and the mass loss in Greenland's glaciers jumped out at me.

      That website is confused on many levels, most of which I've already covered in the article. They confuse weather with climate regarding ENSO events, mistake Newsweek and other mainstream media for "science" and assume nefarious motives for what is simply an ongoing process of assimilating data from various sources properly.

    14. Re:and natural CO2 production is 20x mans by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "We're talking about spikes in CO2, not temperature."

      Sure, but they are apparently correlated. With such sparse records, I think it's fair game to look at long term temperatures as well as CO2. Be careful about weeding out data just because it doesn't support your hypothesis. Temperature is certainly on topic.

      "One way to see that the current climate change is artificial is that the spike in CO2 is happening before the temperature spike rather than centuries afterwards like in the natural record."

      That's one way to see it. It's also possible that the separate records have a shift in their timescales. I'm sure there are other ways to see it too.

      You seem quite certain that there is only one way to explain things. You've already assumed your hypothesis is true. It's not good science, and I think you should be more skeptical.

      "Meehl 2004 shows the current warming can't be accounted for by natural forcings."

      Again, that's too strong of a statement. Use your imagination, and I think you could come up with other hypotheses that you can't contradict either.

      Science isn't about "facts". It's about hypothesis that haven't been contradicted yet. When a hypothesis survives some scrutiny and starts to yield accurate predictions, then maybe we could start to get a little faith that we've got an accurate understanding, but even then, you don't "know" the truth. A new experiment could tear it all back to zero. That's why I hate it when someone says how there is no more doubt - if you aren't doubting, it's not science.

      "Delmotte 2004 [agu.org] and Jouzel 2007 have examined the data at a resolution of ~100 years"

      If your sampling is at a 100 year resolution, you can't say much about what happens in less than 100 years.

      "Of course, you could respond that decadal variations could exist, but to the best of my knowledge no known natural mechanism exists that could allow CO2 to fluctuate so wildly so quickly."

      It doesn't have to be wild fluctuations. A smooth 100 year increase followed by a smooth 100 year decrease would be completely hidden.

      I appreciate your honesty, and the phrase, "to the best of my knowledge" is fair. However, I'm guessing there are a lot of things required to understand the climate that fall outside of anyone's present knowledge.

      Anyway, you could be right about all of this. Maybe we are ruining the world as we know it. However, I'm going to remain skeptical until I see something more compelling than I've seen so far.

    15. Re:and natural CO2 production is 20x mans by flyingrobots · · Score: 1

      I'm not claiming giant conspiracies amongst scientists, however, I think the author raises some valid points that require further explanation.

      There was once a time when it was consciences that the earth was flat. A didn't take a scientist to prove them wrong. Okay, I understand that we are much more sophisticated in sorting out what is truth and what is not. But I also wish to point out that there was a time were all sorts of "models" that accurately predicted the movement of celestial bodies under premise that the earth was in the center of the galaxy. One notable multi-disciplined individual begged to differ. We know what happened to him when he did.

      Bottom line? I naturally wary scientific "consciences". It doesn't exist. So until the views of the educated and qualified folks who don't write for the New Scientist are addressed w/o name calling (i.e. skeptics) I think it is utter foolishness to consider the science settled. Anyone who doesn't take into account and rejects the views of qualified folks in order to establish scientific theory as consciences should be regarded with suspicion.

      By the way, the loss of glaciers are non-events. It has occurred before and will occur again.

      Until scientists models start predicting the future accurately, GW is going to be a hard sell.

      I will agree with you that I certainly have more reading to do. However, I must say that the New Scientist is not he end all be all and neither is it a final authority. It is troubling to me that you reject papers from other peer-reviewed journals (as seems apparent in one of the responses to posts to your article). It raises questions in my mind why include some and exclude others.

      Bottom line, there are too many creditable people who argue against your point of view. The most prominent and surprising is Claude Allegre, who was one of the first to warn about man-mande global warming. He has sense recanted and now considers global warming to be:

      "...over-hyped and an environmental concern of second rank." (see Allegre's second thoughts

      I look forward to a continued lively debate on the subject.

    16. Re:and natural CO2 production is 20x mans by khayman80 · · Score: 1

      Be careful about weeding out data just because it doesn't support your hypothesis. Temperature is certainly on topic.

      I'm not weeding out data; just saying that temperature and CO2 aren't the same. The recent rapid CO2 rise has nothing to do with the gradual warming that preceded the industrial revolution, as you implied earlier. That's all I meant.

      That's one way to see it. It's also possible that the separate records have a shift in their timescales. I'm sure there are other ways to see it too.

      Yes, as I've mentioned in the sixth paragraph of that article, the time lag is difficult to determine with any great accuracy.

      You seem quite certain that there is only one way to explain things. You've already assumed your hypothesis is true. It's not good science, and I think you should be more skeptical. ... Science isn't about "facts". It's about hypothesis that haven't been contradicted yet. When a hypothesis survives some scrutiny and starts to yield accurate predictions, then maybe we could start to get a little faith that we've got an accurate understanding, but even then, you don't "know" the truth. A new experiment could tear it all back to zero. That's why I hate it when someone says how there is no more doubt - if you aren't doubting, it's not science.

      I certainly haven't assumed anything. In fact, you're basically accusing me of committing the cardinal sin in science. All I'm saying is that there's a lot of evidence for abrupt climate change, in the same way that I'd say there's a lot of evidence for general relativity or the big bang theory.

      I'll try to avoid taking offense, and just note that I've been training my entire life to be skeptical about everything I study. I wonder why people find it necessary to insult scientists like this? These kinds of statements are kind of like telling a plumber "Oh, come on... you don't really know the difference between a bathtub and a sink." Presumably, people wouldn't insult him by suggesting that he's fundamentally incompetent at his life's work. Maybe that's because plumbers carry big wrenches, while scientists carry calculators?

      It doesn't have to be wild fluctuations. A smooth 100 year increase followed by a smooth 100 year decrease would be completely hidden.

      If it's not a wild fluctuation, then the Vostok and EPICA ice core analyses are basically right: the current CO2 concentration of 380ppm is ~26% above the 650,000 year maximum of 300ppm. If they are wild fluctuations, the increase you describe would have a 100 year mean far above the average, and would show up in our CO2 reconstructions. As I said, in order to be invisible to the reconstructions, the wild increase would have to be very rapid and immediately followed by an equally rapid and wildly low anomaly to produce a long-term mean that remains below 300ppm.

      Again, that's too strong of a statement. Use your imagination, and I think you could come up with other hypotheses that you can't contradict either.

      You say that as though my life's work isn't developing and falsifying hypotheses. I've been trying to find an alternative explanation for Meehl's results, and can't think of one. Maybe you could read the paper and show me where their mistake was?

      However, I'm guessing there are a lot of things required to understand the climate that fall outside of anyone's present knowledge.

      Certainly. But the last 20 years have been a renaissance in climatology, and as I've said the error bars can now confidently rule out the possibility "climate change isn't happening" and fairly confidently rule out the possibility "climate change isn't human-caused." Perfect knowledge isn't necessary to make predictions, otherwise Voya

    17. Re:and natural CO2 production is 20x mans by khayman80 · · Score: 1

      I will agree with you that I certainly have more reading to do. However, I must say that the New Scientist is not he end all be all and neither is it a final authority.

      I've never included New Scientist in my list of reputable peer-reviewed journals (in the article.) I've provided a couple of links to it, but only because I've verified that the story matches the evidence provided in genuinely peer-reviewed journals.

      It is troubling to me that you reject papers from other peer-reviewed journals (as seems apparent in one of the responses to posts to your article). It raises questions in my mind why include some and exclude others.

      I presume you're referring to the incident where Jane Q. Public tried to reference an article from Energy and Environment (a social science journal) when that research had been presented in hard science journals 15 years previously and quickly dismissed as a fluke of data smoothing parameters? That's the reason I dismissed the paper: it was wrong. This happens often enough in that journal that I wouldn't recommend reading it unless you want to waste your time.

      Until scientists models start predicting the future accurately, GW is going to be a hard sell.

      When it comes to the general public, this subject is quite similar to evolution or the reality of the moon landings. It will always be a hard sell to most nonscientists despite the many model validations like the Mt. Pinatubo prediction. I'm not under the impression that anyone I'm talking to has the slightest intention of looking into the science deeply enough to understand it.

      Bottom line, there are too many creditable people who argue against your point of view.

      Again, I've repeatedly stressed that science isn't democratic.

    18. Re:and natural CO2 production is 20x mans by flyingrobots · · Score: 1

      >Again, I've repeatedly stressed that science democratic.

      I find it unnerving that you would dismiss creditable dissension to a closely held theory as something to do with democracy. Folks like Monsieur Allegre raise valid points that should be addressed and not swept under the carpet.

      We the folks are trying to examine both sides of this sometimes hard to understand argument, and when one dismisses the other with words such as "science isn't democratic", then (in my view) you've left their arguments unanswered and your credibility questioned.

      Like I said, I have more reading to do, I'm sure we'll be speaking again.

      Best Regards...

    19. Re:and natural CO2 production is 20x mans by flyingrobots · · Score: 1

      >When it comes to the general public, this subject is quite similar to evolution or the reality of the moon landings.

      The questioning of the moon landings comes from NO ONE with any credible scientific background, yet LOTS of credible (and credentialed) folks are questioning the work being done on global warming. Yet those good folks are being put in the same category as the loons who question the moon landings...incredible.

    20. Re:and natural CO2 production is 20x mans by khayman80 · · Score: 1

      I find it unnerving that you would dismiss creditable dissension to a closely held theory as something to do with democracy. Folks like Monsieur Allegre raise valid points that should be addressed and not swept under the carpet.

      You're implying that science is democratic-- that it depends on the number of people who support a theory-- by continually emphasizing that there are "too many creditable people who argue against your point of view." But as I've argued over and over again, science is about evidence, preferably in peer-reviewed journal articles. I humored you by opening that non-peer-reviewed article, and didn't see any compelling evidence. All he mentions is Kilimanjaro's glacier, which I've already discussed in the article, and Antarctic ice mass, which is well known in the climatology community to be losing mass in the west and gaining it in the east.

      It's wrong to consider science democratic, but if you really want to play that silly numbers game, consider that ~84% of scientists agree that abrupt climate change is happening, and that it's being caused by humans. Again, science isn't democratic! It's about evidence!

      When it comes to the general public, this subject is quite similar to evolution or the reality of the moon landings.

      The questioning of the moon landings comes from NO ONE with any credible scientific background, yet LOTS of credible (and credentialed) folks are questioning the work being done on global warming. Yet those good folks are being put in the same category as the loons who question the moon landings...incredible.

      Notice that I said "when it comes to the general public." All you have to do is click on the article and notice how juvenile and repetitive all these arguments are. Then consider that I've tried to edit their responses so they look less crazy. For instance, compare my version of Stormcrow309's objections to the Slashdot original. I've seen exactly the same bizarre attitude in my conversations with creationists.

      And again, your repeated emphasis on "LOTS" continues to imply that you think science is democratic. I've tried to convince you that science is actually about evidence. If you can find convincing evidence that these people have published in reputable peer-reviewed journals, then I'll read it. But please make sure that I haven't already addressed these issues in the article. So many people on this thread are rehashing issues that I've repeatedly debunked that I'm starting to wonder how Carl Sagan managed to talk to nonscientists without pulling all his hair out. Maybe that's why he died so early?

    21. Re:and natural CO2 production is 20x mans by khayman80 · · Score: 1

      Note: the Kilimanjaro link is actually the 4th one in the article, but I thought you might prefer a direct link.

    22. Re:and natural CO2 production is 20x mans by fluffy99 · · Score: 1

      An actual scientist! Do you work under grants? Tell me honestly, if you applied for a grant to study a theory that C02 concentrations are not driving the earth-air temp, do you think you'd actually get funded? Or would all the other research groups that want to expand upon the theory get funded first? If you got a grant to prove C02 levels were the driver and you failed to establish the connection, how likely are you to get funded again? My wife wrote grant applications for quite a while, and we're both very familiar how the process works.

      The strong bias I see in scientific research isn't at the working level - its primarily at the funding level which very politically driven. I'm going with the assumption that 99% of scientists are trying to be objective. Unfortunately the occasional example of scientific results being deliberately skewed to support the initial assumptions do make people question the whole lot of them.

    23. Re:and natural CO2 production is 20x mans by khayman80 · · Score: 1

      Do you work under grants?

      In principle, yes. But my advisor handles all that. Once I get my PhD (next May if I'm lucky) I plan to leave mainstream science because it's too annoying to deal with funding. I'd rather just teach physics at a community college and do research independently on my own. I don't know how funding works, and frankly I don't want to waste time on that when I could be learning more physics. I've only got a couple of decades of life left, and I'd much rather spend them studying relativity and quantum mechanics than navigating bureaucracies.

      The strong bias I see in scientific research isn't at the working level - its primarily at the funding level which very politically driven. I'm going with the assumption that 99% of scientists are trying to be objective. Unfortunately the occasional example of scientific results being deliberately skewed to support the initial assumptions do make people question the whole lot of them.

      I've seen rare examples of this kind of thing happening, and you're right: it is a serious problem which calls the credibility of scientists into question. I just don't see any reason to believe that any of the research behind abrupt climate change is significantly affected by this. The competition is intense, and any scientist who could prove that climate change isn't a problem would almost certainly get a Nobel prize for overturning basic thermodynamics.

    24. Re:and natural CO2 production is 20x mans by khayman80 · · Score: 1

      Correction: "I've seen rare examples..." should read "I've read about rare examples..."

  21. Re:Oh noes by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Um, yeah. Those too. Damn! I mean.... Damn!

  22. Re:that sounds like by glwtta · · Score: 1

    Isn't it funny how thoroughly someone can expose their ignorance, with one stupid sentence?

    --
    sic transit gloria mundi
  23. There goes the whip its! by Is0m0rph · · Score: 1

    Better stock up now!

  24. hahaha by LeonN · · Score: 0, Troll

    Hahahahahahahahahaahahaha we are destroying our ozone layer, hahahahahahahaaha

    --
    http://freelinuxguides.wikidot.com
  25. Re:that sounds like by Macrat · · Score: 1

    Naming a magazine after a superstition should be insightful?

  26. hippie crack by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    It's interesting that something so dear to so many hippies is destroying something so dear to so many hippies.

    Now where did i put that whip-it balloon and Grateful Dead CD ...

  27. Re:To the Global Warming naysayers by MosesJones · · Score: 1, Troll

    Any global agenda behind which there is a "political will" is innately corrupt, bullshit, or something that they stand to benefit or gain personally from. Our politicians aren't trying to fix world hunger are they? No? But we care SO MUCH about a prediction that at our current use something which will kill off life on this planet in hundreds of thousands of years?

    You sir are an idiot, a class A idiot. In an article that talked about the successful resolution to the Ozone problem as a result of joint political will you claim that anything from politics is always wrong.

    Politics is about getting the leaders you vote for, and quite clearly I can guess who you'd vote for out of Bush (an idiot) and Obama (not an idiot).

    --
    An Eye for an Eye will make the whole world blind - Gandhi
  28. Not a problem. No action required. by Morty · · Score: 5, Insightful

    TFA says that the ozone layer is improving anyway. So it appears that NO, while bad for the ozone layer, is not present in sufficient quantities to actually be causing a problem. No action should be required.

    Or in different terms, it may be the most significant cause of damage to the ozone layer, but it is not a cause of significant damage to the ozone layer.

  29. Re:that sounds like by xous · · Score: 0

    Sorry, but I have a hard time believing anything that is the result of /research/ from something titled "Christian Science".

    Christian Science is a religious belief system founded by Mary Baker Eddy in 1866 and is practiced by members of the Church of Christ, Scientist. Christian Science asserts that humanity and the universe as a whole are spiritual rather than material in nature and that truth and good are real tangible things, therefore, evil and error are unreal. Christian Scientists believe that only through prayer and fully knowing and understanding God will this be demonstrated.

    Borrowed from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Science

    In other news.... Christian Scientists discover that atheists a 66.6% more responsible for global warming than Christians. This was meticulously researched by Pastor Mark Mathewson during several hours of prayer and days of fasting.

  30. New Tag: ONOZWEREALLGONNADIE by Torodung · · Score: 1

    At this point, we need to start tagging stories with such doom and gloom scenarios as "ONOZWEREALLGONNADIE," (Ticker symbol: ONOZ) or perhaps in this case, "OZONEWEREALLGONNADIE."

    I'm beginning to wonder if armageddon science isn't becoming more appealing because it gets the big grants, and we are looking more frequently at doomsday scenarios as a function of marketing.

    This is not to belittle the work. This may well be the big one. CFCs were certainly a problem, but I'm just about worn out by all the dire warnings lately. I'm wondering if there's a good paying job in figuring out how to survive all the plagues we keep discovering.

    --
    Toro

    (Who would like his tags to start working again so he can just tag stories instead of typing up a manifesto! ;^) )

    1. Re:New Tag: ONOZWEREALLGONNADIE by dwguenther · · Score: 1

      If there are lots of dire warnings maybe its because there are lots of dire problems. If many of these dire warnings seem over dramatic, maybe its because it is very hard to get people to pay attention to slowly developing problems, like a decades of ozone depletion or a century of global warning. It may not seem to be affecting you today, but we're still eventually faced with the same problem as the frog in boiling water.

  31. helicopters, omg! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    oh shit, hear those helicopters...? oh shit...hahahahahahaha!!!1

  32. Re:NOx is not N2O by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Informative

    NOx == nitric oxide - this stuff, when hit with sunlight, causes smog - or low level ozone.

    N2O == Nitrous oxide - the stuff we are talking about

  33. Re:To the Global Warming naysayers by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Oh dear. Boy are you an idiot. The whole point of Science is that everyone should believe in Science without question.

    Where the hell would we be if scientists went around asking questions and challenging orthodoxies?

  34. Re:Always one more... by JWSmythe · · Score: 1

    Homer is amazingly wise. Mmmmmm... doughnuts...

        Unfortunately, cherry picking facts will prove almost anything. Statistical information is a wonderful use of it. I'd cite references, but 98% of all statistics are made up, including this one. :)

    --
    Serious? Seriousness is well above my pay grade.
  35. Re:that sounds like by Big+Smirk · · Score: 1

    Since you found the wikipedia article, do a bit more and look at "Christian Science Monitor". Just because the religion sponsors the paper, doesn't mean the papers articles are influence by the religion. I have found at least the political reporting to very very balance. Never thought to get my 'science' from it though.

    --
    TODO: create/find/steal funny sig.
  36. Congrats, humanity! by Korey+Kaczor · · Score: 1

    I just want to give a heartfelt congratulations to humanity for being the cosmic equivalent of a giant canister of whipped cream. Excellent job! *claps*

  37. Oblig by suomynonAyletamitlU · · Score: 2, Funny

    Why so serious?

  38. Re:bad argument by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    So, thanks, your "20x" argument shows actually how severe human CO2 production actually is.

    So, thanks yourself, asshole. "Bad argument" is the perfect title for your mindless posting. If you are too fucking stupid to understand that the discussion here is about nitrous oxide (N2O) and not about carbon dioxide (CO2), then maybe you should just pop your head back up your asshole and spend the rest of your life in abject ignorance.

    All the things you talked about -- plants, animals, etc. -- apply to CO2, not N2O. Guess what -- it's not enough to read TFS and/or TFA, assuming you did either -- you have to read with comprehension.

  39. Re:To the Global Warming naysayers by khayman80 · · Score: 2, Insightful

    ... But we care SO MUCH about a prediction that at our current use something which will kill off life on this planet in hundreds of thousands of years? ... before anything "bad" happens as a result of any man-made climate problems (even if they are true -- though largely unproven), they, their children, and children's great great grandchildren will be all dead and gone. ...

    I got tired of repeating myself on Slashdot, so I wrote an article showing that abrupt climate change is a matter of serious concern. Climate change is already have negative effects, and they'll get worse over the next century. Hundreds of thousands of years is wishful thinking according to the best scientific evidence available today.

    ... "Cap and Trade" is not a constructive tax -- it is destructive. We have technologies other than coal and oil to produce energy ...

    I've directly addressed cap and trade, which seems like a very constructive, capitalistic approach that will jumpstart a new industrial revolution. My hope is that the United States invests heavily in nuclear fission technology, preferably using waste reprocessing and newer designs like pebble bed reactors.

    ... It's just the next buzz-word in politics: "omgs, it might destroy human life on the earth in a few hundred years in a worst case scenario!!" ...

    As I've stressed, the existence of abrupt climate change is a scientific topic. It's a good idea to ignore politicians and their ridiculous claims, and focus on the science.

  40. Re:To the Global Warming naysayers by jmerlin · · Score: 1, Insightful

    Bush and Obama? Same shit, different names.

    You sir, are a very, very bad troll.

    Is this the "change" you wanted?

  41. Don't disrupt The Narrative with Facts by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Don't disrupt The Narrative with Facts

  42. Re:To the Global Warming naysayers by budgenator · · Score: 1

    I can guess who you'd vote for out of Bush (an idiot) and Obama (not an idiot).
    Your presuming something that hasn't been clearly demonstrated yet. Lets wait and see when he actually does something that we wouldn't expect from Bush.

    --
    Apocalypse Cancelled, Sorry, No Ticket Refunds
  43. Regulated in the power industry by dj245 · · Score: 1
    --
    Even those who arrange and design shrubberies are under considerable economic stress at this period in history.
    1. Re:Regulated in the power industry by Lumpy · · Score: 1

      No it's not.

      nitrous is N20 not NOx.

      Did we fail chemistry?

      --
      Do not look at laser with remaining good eye.
  44. It's the worst case scenerio! by The_mad_linguist · · Score: 1

    It's worse than I had ever thought possible!

    Time to call Batman AND Captain Planet!

  45. Favorite recreational dissociative.... by SCVirus · · Score: 0

    Sounds terrible... Everyone needs to send me all there nitrous for proper disposal... food grade only please.

  46. Re:To the Global Warming naysayers by ivan256 · · Score: 1

    I got tired of repeating myself on Slashdot without cashing in, so I made a blog full of ads and posted there. Now I can repeat myself multiple times in the same article, but at least I'll be shamelessly self promoting at the same time.

    Fixed that for you.

    Oh, and that version of the Vostok ice core graph you included is horrendously misleading. If you don't overlay the two graphs on top of each other you can easily be fooled into thinking the data suggests that increased atmospheric CO2 lead to higher temperatures. When you do overlay the charts, it becomes clear that the increase in temperature slightly preceded the increase in CO2 in each cycle, including this one.

  47. Re:To the Global Warming naysayers by khayman80 · · Score: 0, Redundant

    ... that version of the Vostok ice core graph you included is horrendously misleading. If you don't overlay the two graphs on top of each other you can easily be fooled into thinking the data suggests that increased atmospheric CO2 lead to higher temperatures. When you do overlay the charts, it becomes clear that the increase in temperature slightly preceded the increase in CO2 in each cycle, including this one.

    I've specifically addressed that point in 7 (f) of the index: "CO2 increases after temperature, so it doesn't warm the planet."

    But since the tone of your response implies that you probably won't bother, I'll repeat myself once again: this phase lag isn't known with great precision, the worst case scenario has it lagging ~800 years out of ~5000 year deglaciations, and more fundamentally, the difference between the small Milankovitch forcings and the actual observed temperature swings shows that CO2 amplifies the natural forcing. CO2 is a strong greenhouse gas, make no mistake about that.

    And I'm sorry if you're offended by ads. I tried really hard to force them to be non-animated, and only put them off to the side (I HATE interstitial ads with a burning passion.) And to be honest I make ~8 cents a day from them-- my dream is to have them make 30 cents a day so that the website pays its own hosting costs. And, yes, even though I've archived most of my responses for people to read, I still find it necessary to repeat myself because people keep bringing up the same strange talking points regardless of the scientific evidence. Again, sorry if this is horribly offensive to you.

  48. Re:To the Global Warming naysayers by khayman80 · · Score: 1

    Correction: "the worst case scenario has it lagging ~800 years out of ~5000 year deglaciations" should read "the worst case scenario has it lagging ~1000 years out of ~5000 year deglaciations" due to error bars on the ice-age/gas-age estimations, mainly due to accumulation rate uncertainties and gas diffusion before the snow is firmly compacted.

  49. your mom by Deadplant · · Score: 0, Troll

    Your mom is a major threat to the ozone layer!
    lolz
    wut? /high on laughing gas

  50. Re:To the Global Warming naysayers by BlueParrot · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Why do you think that is? Because they can sit here and tax the US citizens for using oil, and quite dramatically at that, to get lots and lots of money -- but do you honestly think any of that money will come back to us?

    Ok genious, explain why the present Swedish government has implemented a cap and trade system for CO2 and SIMULTANEOUSLY lowered the overall tax burden, precisely as they promised during the election.

    Yup, you got that right, a party that went to election with the promise to lower taxes has implemented sharp taxation on CO2 without breaking their election promise of lowering the overall taxation level. Of course never mind us over here across the pond. The fact that we cut our CO2 emissions at the same time as we reduce our taxation pressure is obviously consistent with your deluded idea that this fuss about global warming is just about taxing Americans. Yea that's right, we are dramatically transforming our European economies just so your politicians can tax you. Makes perfect sense doesn't it ?

  51. Re:bad argument by khayman80 · · Score: 1

    Wow, the reasonable post that I referred to in my own is now at -1? And it's the target of an incredibly rude flame by someone who apparently didn't read the title of the post you responded to. Sad.

  52. Re:that sounds like by xous · · Score: 1

    I see nothing in the article that I couldn't have guessed from the name.

    I wouldn't trust a blind man to tell me what something looks like. I wouldn't trust a deaf man to tell me what something sounds like.

    I certainly wouldn't trust a report from a organization with followers that willfully distort their perception of reality to fit within their teachings.

    In my personal experience religious people tend to like to stay within their own little groups. It might just be that they happen to know enough people within their group to never have to venture out of the group to find someone with the skills they need.

    I wouldn't be at all surprised if the 'scientists' involved shared the same belief system.

  53. Re:Not a problem. No action required. by wigaloo · · Score: 1

    This page shows the Antarctic ozone history. You can see that there is only a hint of recovery in the past few years, so to say it has been improving since the 1987 Montreal Protocol isn't quite correct. Chemical depletion of the ozone layer is mostly a polar issue, and looking at global ozone trends can be misleading. For example, global ozone is also governed by mid-latitude dynamics. The dynamics of the tropopause (the boundary between the ozone-rich stratosphere and lower atmosphere) is important, and there are some indications of change in stratosphere-troposphere exchange in recent years that is perhaps related to climate.

  54. Re:that sounds like by sumdumass · · Score: 1

    It's not named after a superstition or a religion, it's named after a Church in Boston which started the publication in 1908 after a failed attempt to take the founder's estate and money by relatives in Boston and New York.

    Perhaps if you weren't trolling to start a flame, you would have been able to find that information and not appears as a direct intention of this comment.

  55. Number one emitter of CFC 114 in the US by MrKaos · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Despite the Montreal Act, CFC114, which is also a greenhouse gas 20,000 times more potent than C02, is leaking from Paducah Uranium Enrichment facilities into the atmosphere through hundreds of kilometres of cooling pipes. The average is 1 million pounds (thats 453,592.27 kilograms) PER YEAR since the bans began. That is 8 618 255.03 kilograms (8 Megatons) of CFC114 *since* they were banned. That's the equivalent of 172,365,100,000 kilograms of carbon dioxide from the enrichment process alone and does not include the 1 Gigawatt of coal fired power used to run Paducah.

    One thing that is not immediately obvious from the destruction this compound causes to the ozone layer is the eventual effect on Phytoplankton which creates more breathable oxygen than the Amazon. The assertion is examined in these links production of oxygen in the oceans is at least equal to the production on land if not a bit more

    and Field studies indicate a dramatic decrease in photosynthetic oxygen production can be measured after exposure to solar radiation

    and Environmental effects of ozone depletion: 1998 Assessment. Sure it's 10 years old, but that's an extra 10 million pounds of CFC114 resultant from enrichment operating, I don't imaging it's got any better.

    Going after nitrous oxide emissions is the proverbial trying to plug a hole in a dam with your fingers while it is bursting elsewhere. CFC 114 is still used for enrichment today, and the Nuclear industry is the number one industrial emitter of CFC's in the United States. We can expect up to 1 million pounds of CFC114 to leak into the atmosphere per year whilst enrichment continues.

    --
    My ism, it's full of beliefs.
    1. Re:Number one emitter of CFC 114 in the US by ZosX · · Score: 1

      Don't you just love how people think nuclear is environmentally friendly? :)

    2. Re:Number one emitter of CFC 114 in the US by radtea · · Score: 4, Insightful

      The average is 1 million pounds (thats 453,592.27 kilograms) PER YEAR since the bans began.

      You say that like it's somehow significant, yet give no indication whatsoever that it is in any way significant. Your entire post consists of "OMG LOOK REALLY BIG NUMBERS!!!!"

      Is there any reason to believe that a mere 0.5 Mg of this stuff is in any way bad for the atmosphere, which is after all 5e15 Mg?

      Big numbers aren't scary. Stupid people are. You kinda scare me.

      Please come back when you have an actual argument. In the meantime, please note the fact that the ozone layer is thickening just now, so the eventually damage this stuff might do is less than whatever damage was done by the original problem with CFC's, which is no surprise given North American emissions are down to a few percent of their peak values.

      Oh, and I'd also recommend putting things in grams rather than kg, as that will make the numbers BIGGER, and apparently you think that is important for some reason.

      --
      Blasphemy is a human right. Blasphemophobia kills.
    3. Re:Number one emitter of CFC 114 in the US by MrKaos · · Score: 1

      Is there any reason to believe that a mere 0.5 Mg of this stuff is in any way bad for the atmosphere, which is after all 5e15 Mg?

      Evidently you have missed the point of the Montreal protocol, which is the subject of this discussion. To clue you in it's to ban CFC's, maybe all the scientist's and contributors were all collectively deluded and they should have listened to you saying "Nothing to see here move along" back in the '90's.

      Please come back when you have an actual argument.

      And then what, you'll numb me with your ignorance? I don't think I have the time. I'd suggest you read a statement I prepared earlier that applies to people such as yourself.

      --
      My ism, it's full of beliefs.
    4. Re:Number one emitter of CFC 114 in the US by fluffy99 · · Score: 1

      To put that number into perspective, prior to the Montreal Protocol, Dupont alone was cranking out 450 million lbs of CFCs a year. So 1 million lbs/year is still somewhat significant in comparison.

    5. Re:Number one emitter of CFC 114 in the US by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The average is 1 million pounds (thats 453,592.27 kilograms)

      That's where I stopped reading. You can't even use significant figures correctly. Why should I take your psuedo-analysis seriously? Thats (sic) not even considering your grammar.

      Go back to school, son. You're a pathetic example of a human being, motherfucker.

  56. Re:To the Global Warming naysayers by jmerlin · · Score: 3, Interesting

    It's quite simple. You argue "why is it that in OUR country, which is nothing like your country, doing this worked (well didn't impact our tax rates anyway!), but in yours, you think it wont?!"

    I don't know how uneducated you are but grab a map or a globe and check out relative sizes. Not good enough? Numbers: USA - 9,161,923 KM^2... Sweden - 449,964 KM^2. That's 20.4 : 1. Population? USA - ~307,269,000... Sweden - ~9,263,872... That's 33.2 : 1. And let's just completely for sake of simplicity IGNORE the climate differences because that has a huge factor.

    Now, actual energy consumption numbers? Let's see....

    USA
    Sweden

    Ok. Sweden's total energy consumption in 1999 was 51094 units. For reference, the USA consumed 2269985 units. 44.4 : 1. The USA produced enough renewable energy to completely power all of Sweden... boy.. a CO2 tax wouldn't be very expensive there now would it? But do you notice something about how much CO2 emitting fuels we use here in the USA because it is TOO FUCKING EXPENSIVE to power this entire country on anything else with the grid being powered primarily by private corporations. A CO2 tax here is imposed and is completely unfair because we're one of the highest renewable energy producing countries ON THE PLANET, yet we're still not completely green -- and the country is SO MUCH BIGGER than sweden that a much larger portion of the population must commute, and a huge percentage of those vehicles burn a petroleum product -- producing CO2.

    We'd have no problem with a CO2 tax... IF the government would spend equally in that sector and to make *SOME* effort to help the country move toward the government's goals. Cash for clunkers -- bad move, good for banks (the ones the gov. now owns).. and the motor companies (which it also now owns.. lol..). Hundreds of billions of $ in stimulus -- building roads, money disappearing in pork projects, most of it completely invisible to citizens -- bailing out insurance companies, banks, motor vehicle companies, etc etc etc. A TRILLION DOLLAR healthcare bill -- when the existing system would be *FINE* if everyone didn't have to pay so much for energy (taxing it won't help). Where's the "stimulus" towards renewable energies? Towards R&D in vehicle technology that will make very high mileage vehicles CHEAP? Nowhere... but a very willing government to make us pay for producing CO2 when it's our lifeline at this point in history.

    We all want to pursue fission, it's less waste producing that burning coal but you've got fanatic green fucktards who lobby against it... we want fusion (lol, that would power THE PLANET).. but no government investment there.. we'd like to all power our homes with solar panels and turbines.. stipends here and there but no real public push or incentive from the government. Nothing. NOTHING. But tax our consumption practices because "change" is desired.

    You see, liberals hit a brick wall here with this one. Complete hypocrisy. On the one hand, when the economy is failing, we're gonna pump money into banks and corporations who have shown an inability to run their company successfully (ie, why they're failing). That's FINE, encourage those bad practices which are economically DISASTROUS... but CO2 emissions? Oh, we need... TR.. TR.. TRUH.. TRILLIONS of dollars.. to implement a "green" energy grid -- which nobody has!!... well.. fuck you guys, we'll make you PAY MORE MONEY TO US, the FUCKING government of the USA, because we're the big daddys baby, we're YOUR FUCKING DADDY, give us your money.. because we'll re-invest it in helping you do what is good for this country!! (Lol). Taking money from companies that you want to turn around and invest money in renewable energy is completely counter-productive and counter-intuitive.

    Your argument is inherently flawed. L

  57. Re:bad argument by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Guess what -- it's not enough to read TFS and/or TFA, assuming you did either -- you have to read with comprehension.

    My response was about CO2 because that's the posting I was responding to was about.

    But evidently, basic reading comprehension is beyond your grasp. Not surprising, given that most global warming deniers are obviously complete morons.

  58. New research? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I remember reading about nitrous oxide, from sources such as nylon production, being one of the big ozone depleting problem chemicals nearly twenty years ago. Everything old is new again.

  59. Re:that sounds like by sumdumass · · Score: 1

    First, you probably do not know what the christian science movement is. It sounds like you are willfully ignorant of it from your post. Second, there is nothing preventing science and religion in general from co-existing. It would be foolish of your to think there is. Science is the attempt at a explanation of the natural environment around us. Religion is a spiritual pursuit to give it meaning. In other words, they do not cross and except for .00099% of science, religion makes not claims counter to science in general.

    You are attempting to create a controversy where there is none and your ignorance is behind it. Nothing prevents a scientist from having a religious belief, nothing anywhere says he can't believe in something other then science. And nothing at all makes an assumption that it will cloud their judgment except for evangelical atheist who want to push their beliefs over everyone else'.

  60. Re:that sounds like by Requiem18th · · Score: 0, Offtopic

    MOD PARENT UP

      I'm suspicious about this "Christian Science Monitor" if it's scientific why not just call it "Science Monitor"? And if it modifies its views to accommodate Christianity can it really call itself scientific?

    --
    But... the future refused to change.
  61. Re:To the Global Warming naysayers by BlueParrot · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Effectively your argument boils down to "Sweden has a lower population thus it is not as expensive to power it". Problem is that we also have correspondingly less GDP to spend on power egneration.

    I think you hit the nail on the head with this bit though:
    "We all want to pursue fission, it's less waste producing that burning coal but you've got fanatic green fucktards who lobby against it..."

    Sweden gets 50% of electricity, and a quarter of our energy, from fission which largely explains our much lower CO2 emitted per capita. There's no partiuclar reason the US could not scale its nuclear generation capacity. Where I don't agree with you however is that this is caused largely by opposition by green groups. In reality nuclear is not favoured by American utilities because coal is cheaper. Cap and Trade "fixes" that by making coal more expensive. This does indeed raise energy costs, but guess what. Moving the entire US electricity production from fossils to low carbons oruces will cost money no matter how you look at it. If you ban or cap fossils the money will come from increased energy prices. If you continue business as usual then the cost will be even harsher when you are eventually forced to make the switch.

    Btw, my argument was never that implementing cap and trade will not cost Americans money. My argument was that to conclude from this that there are nefarious motives behind politicians decision to implement the scheme does not follow. The US government may be doing a lot of things wrong, but the decision to start taxing fossils is not one of them and they are far from the only country doing it.

  62. OMG: We're ALL GONNA DIE! by WheelDweller · · Score: 0

    ...unless we change our way of life, and send every spare cent to our governments.

    No thanks- we've been doing that since the ComingIceAge of 1978 or so, the KillerBees, TheOzoneHole, ManMadeGlobalWarming, and a host of other hoaxes meant to separate us from our money AND OUR CALM.

    Go away, Henny Penny: sky's not falling, here. Ocean's not racing 100ft, here. Don't need to start using poisonous light bulbs, here.

    --
    --- For a good time mail uce@ftc.gov
  63. Re:that sounds like by xous · · Score: 1

    I read the first paragraph of the wikipedia article which gives me the impression that it's still requires faith which I'd would be in direct conflict with the scientific method.

    Religion is notorious for disregarding scientific fact and crushing all opposition. From my point of view it has a very bad track record.

    I merely was stating that the 'Christian Science Monitor' makes me disinclined to believe that the article has anything to with with /real/ science.

    I have no doubt that it is possible for someone with religious belief to appropriately use the scientific method. I just don't think it's very likely.

    Science isn't a belief as much as it is analytical method for approaching a problem. I really don't care what any other people want to believe as long as they keep their nonsense out of my life. I'm particularly annoyed with a city bylaw regulating business hours on Sundays.

    In any case it's a horrible title and I'd think it was deliberately chosen to give the wrong impression.

  64. Re:To the Global Warming naysayers by khayman80 · · Score: 1

    Great post; you even singled out the one rational point in his entire post (aside from the fact that the US has a lower population density, which makes mass transit less economical for us.)

    It's also quite surprising to find out that jmerlin's original post is +5 insightful and his followups are "informative," while our responses are +1 troll or redundant. Maybe these words don't mean what I thought they did...

  65. All is forgiven... by Slur · · Score: 1

    ..besides, those were only ordinary whippets. What we're talking about here is in a whole new class, Whippets of Doom!

    --
    -- thinkyhead software and media
    1. Re:All is forgiven... by Curunir_wolf · · Score: 1

      ..besides, those were only ordinary whippets. What we're talking about here is in a whole new class, Whippets of Doom!

      "Whippets of Doom!" Woohoo that's rich! I gotta use that. Next time somebody asks for a huff of my balloon, I'll just be like "Oh, man, you don't want any of this. These are Whippets of Doom!".

      --
      "Somebody has to do something. It's just incredibly pathetic it has to be us."
      --- Jerry Garcia
  66. Re:bad argument by sycodon · · Score: 1

    Bueller....

    Bueller....

    Bueller....

    Bueller....

    --
    When Fascism comes to America, it will call itself Anti-Fascism, and tell you to give up your guns.
  67. Re:To the Global Warming naysayers by Anarchduke · · Score: 1

    We in America have a long tradition of distrusting our politicians. I believe this is a generally sound principle as most politicians resemble the results of a well used petri dish.

    That being said, we don't all believe that this is some conspiracy in order to tax us. However, we do believe that the government will use this as an excuse to tax the ever living crap out of use. It isn't necessarily all some conspiracy to tax us, but we are pretty sure it will end up with us having to hand over part of our livers to the government every year to pay for this.

    And don't come at me with some argument about Cap and Trade not ending up costing more. It doesn't matter whether it will transform industry or not, only that the government will make use of this to insert their sticky fingers deeper into our wallets.

    Paranoiad? Yeah, probably, but we have a tax on telephone service that dates back to the Spanish American War. So it isn't that big of a stretch to imagine our government bending us over and giving us a long hard tax over and over again.

    --
    who prays for Satan? Who in 18 centuries has had the humanity to pray for the 1 sinner that needed it most? ~Mark Twain
  68. Re:To the Global Warming naysayers by ivan256 · · Score: 1

    And I'm sorry if you're offended by ads.

    I'm not offended by ads. I'm offended by hypocrisy.

    You say you did it so that you wouldn't have to repeat yourself, but you're still repeating yourself. Your goal seems to be driving traffic to your blog, and not reducing the need to repeat yourself as you state.

    And why? Who are you? You're not an authority. You, like me, are some random idiot on the internet.

  69. Re:that sounds like by sumdumass · · Score: 1

    I read the first paragraph of the wikipedia article which gives me the impression that it's still requires faith which I'd would be in direct conflict with the scientific method.

    NO it wouldn't be in conflict. It can be but that doesn't make it a constant problem. The only time it would be in conflict is when it is replacing the scientific method when the scientific method was claimed to of been deployed. Both faith and the scientific method have places in society but neither is a full time requirement.

    Religion is notorious for disregarding scientific fact and crushing all opposition. From my point of view it has a very bad track record.

    The disregards are small and limited in regards to science and the base of knowledge around it. It's also small in the amounts of people in religion who do it. Science actually started in religious universities. They are not incompatible.

    I merely was stating that the 'Christian Science Monitor' makes me disinclined to believe that the article has anything to with with /real/ science.

    And I;m merely stating that your concerns are unfounded and shooting or ignoring the messenger instead of the message is not a valid point of debate. You are being blinded by your extreme views which is allowing your ignorance to triumph. You can be skeptical of the claims but there is nothing to suggest the source is biased and lying or anything. IF the facts don't pan out, then you will have a valid concern over the content instead of bashing it for the messenger.

    I have no doubt that it is possible for someone with religious belief to appropriately use the scientific method. I just don't think it's very likely.

    It happens all the time. Your lack of knowledge or ignorance is proving your own bias. About 40% of scientist do believe in god and Only 52 percent of scientists identified themselves as having no current religious affiliation. That is something completely counter to your opinion.

    Science isn't a belief as much as it is analytical method for approaching a problem. I really don't care what any other people want to believe as long as they keep their nonsense out of my life. I'm particularly annoyed with a city bylaw regulating business hours on Sundays.

    Science is a belief for some. Take a look at the people claiming biological evolution theory as a whole is fact. Obviously this violates the scientific method in several places because it doesn't allow us to increase our knowledge or the possibility of falsification. It's even more problematic considering that when you separate evolution into adaptation and speciation, we have no no empirical evidence of it's existence without mucking with the definition of species in order to show it. Now it's likely that it's close enough to one day be proven right, but as of now, these people claiming it is fact instead of probable or likely are employing the very same belief system and mental processing as with the any religion and faith.

    I also do not agree with codifying religion into laws. But I have no disagreement with someone taking time off to attend church or a business coming to it's own conclusion to shut down on Sunday. The Idea of closing business on sunday is derived from religion but is also derived from many other customs including long distance traveling. Animals like horses and such will not cover as much distance without a full day of rest. Humans marching in the military seem to operate better with at least one full day of rest too. Picking Sunday could be conveniently tied to religions (although the Seventh-day Adventist would probably disagree), it does have roots in practical measures to take at least

  70. Re:To the Global Warming naysayers by khayman80 · · Score: 1

    Well, I try not to repeat myself. But people keep repeating arguments that I specifically address in the sixth paragraph of the article, and discuss in more detail in sections 7(f) and 7(g). I suspect the repetition is more annoying for me than it is for you, because I had to research these issues at length, type nearly 50 pages of explanations that attempt to take a very complicated subject in modern physics down to the level at which the general public might understand it, and then provide links to the peer-reviewed articles that are the basis of this science. All you had to do was click on the link, see the first picture, and stop reading before the sixth paragraph where I discuss the claim you made.

    But I'm sad to see that you didn't address any of the science I've discussed, instead asserting that I'm trying to pass myself off as an authority. The very title of my website should be proof that I'm not, but in that article I also repeatedly tried to get people to focus on the actual scientific evidence rather than trying to identify "authorities" or "consensus." Science isn't about authority, it's about developing models to predict new phenomena, and rigorously testing them in peer-reviewed journal articles.

    See, my actual goal is to try to find another scientist who disagrees with the science behind abrupt climate change. I'm desperately searching for someone who disagrees with me, but does so in a polite manner while focusing on the science and discussing evidence. Are you that person?

  71. Gonna be a lot of conflicted hippies... by jbwiv · · Score: 1

    The next Dead or Phish show will be soooooo filled with guilt....

  72. Not April Foolish by VernonNemitz · · Score: 1

    The only thing wrong about that report is the focus on nitrous oxide instead of hydrogen. Remember all the impetus toward a Hydrogen Economy? Well, hydrogen handling technologies are not perfect and do leak slightly (not dangerous at ground level). But all that leaking hydrogen will head straight up, and the ozone in the ozone layer happens to be "hypergolic" with hydrogen (reacts on contact).

    1. Re:Not April Foolish by sumdumass · · Score: 1

      Interesting. Is the concentrations of hydrogen as strong as the Nitrous? It could be that the levels just isn't there to make the claim yet.

      A lot of the hydrogen economy was in a closed cell or circuit design if I remember right. It wasn't intended to be vented into the atmosphere unless it was processed into water first. Most of it was in fuel cells of some sort. I see that you mentioned leaks and such, I'm just wondering if it would rise to the same levels as Nitrous.

      Perhaps encasing the storage tanks in calcium and pressurized Co2 and water mixture could diffuse leaks into a water and calcium carbonate mixture thereby relieving some of the concerns. Perhaps electrods could be placed on either ends and voltage measured as it should create a weak battery but once it reaches a certain voltage level, swap the tanks out. I doubt this would be practical though as it would be heavy and costly.

  73. Re:To the Global Warming naysayers by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    What a beautiful troll, my hat is off to you. Arguing that your country is already doing its part in solving the climate change problem because you (a) consume more energy per capita than other countries and (b) produce enough renewable energy to power a country of a whopping 1/33.2 of your own size. Spice it up with the old "we need our cars more than you do since our country is so BIG, and I pretend to be oblivious that the country I am comparing with has half the population density of my own", and you're right up there with the classic "the moon is a liberal myth" troll.

  74. Re:that sounds like by xous · · Score: 1

    NO it wouldn't be in conflict. It can be but that doesn't make it a constant problem. The only time it would be in conflict is when it is replacing the scientific method when the scientific method was claimed to of been deployed. Both faith and the scientific method have places in society but neither is a full time requirement.

    I still find it difficult to understand that someone could be so analytical in one part of their life and entertain irrational dogma in another.

    The disregards are small and limited in regards to science and the base of knowledge around it. It's also small in the amounts of people in religion who do it. Science actually started in religious universities. They are not incompatible.

    Galileo's work in astronomy considered heresy and so all his works from that point on were banned. There may have only been two or three people involved in the actual decision making but would you believe that anyone with these beliefs would make their own decision after the Pope declared them heresy?

    I'd think this tainted a large population perception on the basic mechanics of our universe for generations. Not something I'd call small.

    And I;m merely stating that your concerns are unfounded and shooting or ignoring the messenger instead of the message is not a valid point of debate. You are being blinded by your extreme views which is allowing your ignorance to triumph. You can be skeptical of the claims but there is nothing to suggest the source is biased and lying or anything. IF the facts don't pan out, then you will have a valid concern over the content instead of bashing it for the messenger. It happens all the time. Your lack of knowledge or ignorance is proving your own bias. About 40% [findarticles.com] of scientist do believe in god and Only 52 percent of scientists [physorg.com] identified themselves as having no current religious affiliation. That is something completely counter to your opinion.

    Perhaps my perception of religious is tainted by my own experiences and I never tried to imply that I was unbiased. I don't think that makes my skepticism misplaced. I wouldn't trust an atheist to give me a unbiased opinion on religion.

    Science is a belief for some. Take a look at the people claiming biological evolution theory as a whole is fact. Obviously this violates the scientific method in several places because it doesn't allow us to increase our knowledge or the possibility of falsification. It's even more problematic considering that when you separate evolution into adaptation and speciation, we have no no empirical evidence of it's existence without mucking with the definition of species in order to show it. Now it's likely that it's close enough to one day be proven right, but as of now, these people claiming it is fact instead of probable or likely are employing the very same belief system and mental processing as with the any religion and faith.

    To take anything as an absolute truth is fairly foolish. I'd likely categorize people such as this slightly less annoying than religious people. I'm not familiar enough with evolution theory to give a proper argument but I was under the impression that speciation has been observed: http://www.talkorigins.org/faqs/faq-speciation.html To be honest I don't really care about the origins of life as I don't expect the question to be settled in my lifetime or that would have a marked impact on how I live my life.

    I also do not agree with codifying religion into laws. But I have no disagreement with someone taking time off to attend church or a business coming to it's own conclusion to shut down on S

  75. Re:To the Global Warming naysayers by khayman80 · · Score: 1

    Correction: "asserting" should read "implying." My bad.

  76. Re:that sounds like by sumdumass · · Score: 1

    I still find it difficult to understand that someone could be so analytical in one part of their life and entertain irrational dogma in another.

    Perhaps they do not see it as irrational or have other reasons for entertaining it. Most people can compartmentalize pretty well. It's as simple as saying in this we do that and in that we do this. Even kids can do this pretty well as you see them adapting to different controls in video games and so on.

    Galileo's work in astronomy considered heresy and so all his works from that point on were banned. There may have only been two or three people involved in the actual decision making but would you believe that anyone with these beliefs would make their own decision after the Pope declared them heresy?

    I'd think this tainted a large population perception on the basic mechanics of our universe for generations. Not something I'd call small.

    The problem with Galileo was that he didn't have sufficient proof of his theories and taught them anyways. The bigger picture is- does anyone still believe the earth is at the center of the universe? Does the church still make that claim (a claim that wasn't made in the bible BTW)? Obviously, this is proof that religion is not unbending. Some people might be- but as well should know, some is not all.

    Perhaps my perception of religious is tainted by my own experiences and I never tried to imply that I was unbiased. I don't think that makes my skepticism misplaced. I wouldn't trust an atheist to give me a unbiased opinion on religion.

    Actually, your bias is presenting a problem because your skepticism contains tenets that are completely unfounded outside of it. As I have shown, there are quite a few scientist who believe in a god and quite a few more who participate in a religion in some form or another. Religion is philosophy and can be compartmentalized away from science and the same for science. They really do not need to connect.

    To take anything as an absolute truth is fairly foolish. I'd likely categorize people such as this slightly less annoying than religious people. I'm not familiar enough with evolution theory to give a proper argument but I was under the impression that speciation has been observed: http://www.talkorigins.org/faqs/faq-speciation.htmlTo be honest I don't really care about the origins of life as I don't expect the question to be settled in my lifetime or that would have a marked impact on how I live my life.

    I thought you would be skeptical of an Atheist pushing a religion. Talk Origins is basically that. However, if you read my statements, The speciation aspect of evolution hasn't been observed without messing with the definition of species. You will find that the site you referenced lists several definitions of species. You will also find that these definitions often do not stand up to the simplest real life scenarios. For instance, Able to interbreed with offspring able to do the same is a concept well founded in the definitions but when they cite instances of speciation, they no longer look at able and focus on does not interbreed. Ironically, this would mean that homosexuals would be a different species because they choose not to interbreed. But you will find points on that site that declare salamanders as speciation events because they choose not to interbreed. They also claim that bacteria which develops defensive mechanisms which destroy the same bacteria without the same mutations is a speciation event. However, this would mean that two waring countries would become separate species because they kill the other side instead of breeding with them. There is also the claim that any geological or natural boundary would create speciation but that's sort of ridiculous when you have to call a Collie Puppy in New Yo

  77. Re:Not a problem. No action required. by ricky-road-flats · · Score: 1

    So something only counts as causing a problem if it's making bigger holes, but being the most significant thing slowing down the recovery is fine? Great logic. If the US budget deficit was falling at $1/year would you say "it's falling, problem solved. No further action should be required"? Thought not.

  78. Re:Not a problem. No action required. by Morty · · Score: 1

    TFA doesn't say this that the recovery is too slow. Nor does it say how much of a problem NO is, just that it is the biggest remaining threat. It does say that we are still in the process of phasing out HCFCs, i.e. we haven't done all that is already planned to deal with the today's threat. So at least based on the TFA, then no, no further action is required.

    And BTW: your analogy is bad. The ozone hole isn't analogous to the deficit, it's analogous to the national debt. The recovery is analogous to a budget surplus.

  79. obivious by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    lol

  80. hahaha by NSN+A392-99-964-5927 · · Score: 1

    I have not felt this good since the last Full Moon.

    --
    All cows eat grass!
  81. Obvious by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Why so cirrus? http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cirrus_cloud

  82. Re:Not a problem. No action required. by Hatta · · Score: 1

    NO is nitric oxide, a vasodilator. N2O is nitrous oxide (laughing gas). There's also nitrogen dioxide, NO2. It gets pretty confusing.

    --
    Give me Classic Slashdot or give me death!
  83. Re:Not a problem. No action required. by Cro+Magnon · · Score: 1

    If the US budget deficit was falling at $1/year would you say "it's falling, problem solved. No further action should be required"?

    If the US budget deficit was RISING at 1 MILLION dollars a year, that would be such a vast improvment over the current situation that I would be dancing in the street and getting stinking drunk!

    --
    Slow down, cowboy! It has been 4 hours since you last posted. You must wait another few hours.
  84. Mike Myers/SNL by JSBiff · · Score: 1

    "Christian Science" is a specific religious group in the United States. The name, reminds me, however, of old Mike Myers's SNL skits where he portrays a middle-aged New York lady hosting a talk show, and at some point, she starts losing emotional control ("I'm getting verklempt," (don't know if that last word is quite correct, but (s)he always said something like that), "let me give you a topic to discuss amongst yourselves. . . the Holy Roman Empire was neither Holy, nor Roman, nor an Empire - discuss.")

    Well, near as I've ever been able to figure, "Christian Science" is neither Christian, nor Scientific. Discuss.

    (P.S. The 'newspaper' run by the Christian Scientists (that is, the Christian Science Monitor newspaper) seems to have earned something of a reputation as being a decent source of journalism, regardless of its backers; I believe the Christian Science church does not exert much/any editorial influence over the newspaper staff, but I could be wrong).

    1. Re:Mike Myers/SNL by jabelli · · Score: 1

      Except that the Christian Science Monitor has nothing to do with Christian Scientists.

  85. Re:To the Global Warming naysayers by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Try again, Sweden has about half the population density of the US.

  86. Re:NOx is not N2O by sean.peters · · Score: 1

    Note that "NOx" also includes NO2, or nitrogen dioxide. Good point, though.

  87. residence time: by ResidentSourcerer · · Score: 1

    Aviation and the global atmosphere: a special report of IPCC Working Groups ...
      By Joyce E. Penner

    Comments that NOx released in the troposphere (where the bulk of weather occurs) is a few weeks. Releases in the lower stratosphere has residence times on the order of months to years. If NOx is significant as an ozone depleter, the source would be primarily jets and natural sources that inject gas into the stratosphere (some wildfires, volcanoes)

    --
    Third Career: Tree Farmer Second Career: Computer Geek First Career: Teacher, Outdoor Instructor, Photographer.
  88. Re:To the Global Warming naysayers by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Imagine if we could break apart the US into 50 smaller pieces about the same size and population as Sweden?

    If each state had taken steps to reduce the amount of imported oil and dirty power in the past 8 years, it would have helped the economy, and eliminated our need for imported oil from hostile regions.

    The right had their chance at smaller government, state controlled, renewable energy infrastructure. But, they decided to go with the status quo because everything was going ok for them at the time, and they weren't worried about what would happen 10 years from now. It's not just if CO2 is or isn't causing warming, the extra CO2 is having an effect on stone buildings, ocean acidity, and people's health in urban areas. The extra pollution that goes along with coal power plants means that our cheap energy has a bigger cost.

    And adding a tax on CO2 would only cost me around $100/year, not the huge numbers that they were throwing around. But, I agree that it should be the government, and not individuals who are profiting from the regulation of CO2, the government needs all the extra revenue they can get. But, I'm sure people would have issues with that too.

  89. Re:funding science by dwguenther · · Score: 1

    Anyone who blindly repeats this old Limbaugh canard about using scare tactics to get funding instantly reveals themselves as knowing nothing about the research community or science. Most geophysical research is funded on a steady, ongoing bases because it is basic research, not results driven. Lying about results will not get you more funding, it will get you less.

    The problem is with communicating to the public about complex, slowly developing issues. If you can't match the latest blockbuster movie for excitement, then the important issues don't get airtime.

  90. Re:To the Global Warming naysayers by budgenator · · Score: 1

    Are you referring to the ramming of a US E4 AWACS survailing the Chinese testing of the supercavitating torpedoes purchased from the Russian? Russia who then allowed the sailors aboard the Kirsk to sufficate rather than reviling they were training Chinese sailors to operate the supercavitating torpedoes?

    --
    Apocalypse Cancelled, Sorry, No Ticket Refunds
  91. How boring by ClioCJS · · Score: 1

    It's like you have settings that can be adjusted, but never adjust them to see what they do. What a waste of consciousness, if you don't occasionally hack it.

    --
    -Clio
    Karma: Bad (mostly from not giving a fuck)
    Blog: http://clintjcl.wordpress.com
  92. Re:To the Global Warming naysayers by khayman80 · · Score: 1

    Really? Wikipedia says Sweden has 21 people per square kilometer, while the United States has about 31. So the overall average in Sweden is something like ~67% of the United States. But that article explicitly notes that Sweden has "a considerably higher density in the southern half of the country." I doubt that asymmetry is present to the same degree in the United States. The fact that Sweden gets 45% of its power from nuclear is great, though, and something I wish we'll be able to do in the United States.

  93. Re:To the Global Warming naysayers by riverat1 · · Score: 1

    I think the asymmetry is present in the US too. Population is concentrated along the coasts, around the great lakes and down the Mississippi valley. The Rockies and Great Basin are pretty sparsely populated with the exception of population centers like Salt Lake City. If you throw in Alaska it makes for pretty asymmetrical population in the US.

  94. Re:To the Global Warming naysayers by khayman80 · · Score: 1

    Okay, sure. I don't really know what metric to use in this situation. (Population density on the whole isn't useful because it ignores the fact that Alaska is almost completely uninhabited.) My impression of cities in the U.S. and Europe is that the U.S. has really crappy public transportation and is much more sparsely populated. I'd assumed these were causally related, but it's also possible that our much lower gas prices have contributed to our complacency. Also, I've never been to Sweden so I don't have first hand experience-- I guess I was assuming that they'd be similar to European cities but that was pretty dumb of me.

  95. Re:To the Global Warming naysayers by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Sorry for not remembering the exact numbers, but my "half" still was a lot closer than your "the US has a lower population density".

  96. Re:To the Global Warming naysayers by khayman80 · · Score: 1

    I didn't mean offense. You're right: your version was more accurate. Thanks for correcting me.