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Yes, but there's also a famous VAX chip that had printed on it in Russian "VAX - when you care enough to steal the very best". Apparently the DEC engineers had a sense of humor about international industrial espionage.

Don't have the actual equation... friend did it, actually. But look at this phase diagram of water. At a constant temperature, decreasing the pressure raises the freezing point and decreases the boiling point. Hell, below 4.88 torr liquid water can't exist at all. Air pressure on mars is 6.75 torr.

It could have come from the meteor, but I think that volcanic activity might be more likely. I'm not sure though, I'm straining to remember my college geology courses, but the important thing to put this in context is Bowen's Reaction Series (explanations from U. Florida, U. Oregon, Skidmore, Florida State U., Google). Basically, this model describes (quoting from the U. Oregon page):

Bowen determined that specific minerals form at specific temperatures as a magma cools. At the higher temperatures associated with

mafic and intermediate magmas, the general progression can be separated into two branches. The continuous branch describes the evolution of the plagioclase feldspars as they evolve from being calcium-rich to more sodium rich. The discontinuous branch describes the formation of the mafic minerals olivine, pyroxene, amphibole, and biotite mica. The weird thing that Bowen found concerned the discontinuous branch. At a certain temperature a magma might produce olivine, but if that same magma was allowed to cool further, the olivine would "react" with the residual magma, and change to the next mineral on the series (in this case pyroxene). Continue cooling and the pyroxene would convert to amphibole, and then to biotite. Mighty strange stuff, but if you consider that most silicate minerals are made from slightly different proportions of the same 8 elements, all we're really doing here is adjusting the internal crystalline lattice to achieve stability at different temperatures. Really no big deal.

At lower temperatures, the branches merge and we obtain the minerals common to the felsic rocks -- orthoclase feldspar, muscovite mica, and quartz (the banana slug of the mineral world).

So basically, the assumption begins by pointing out that the Earth's crust mainly has eight elements present. By mass, they are oxygen (46.6%), silicon (27.7%), aluminum (8.1%), iron (5.0%), calcium (3.6%), sodium (2.8%), potassium (2.6%), and magnesium (2.1%). I suspect, but am not positive, that the proportions of elements in this cocktail will be similar for most of the solar system's rocky planets, so Mars should more or less obey the same rules.

Those of you that remember your high school chemistry will notice that, of these top eight elements, all but oxygen are metals or metalloids, so they all will want to bond with a non-metal -- and hey presto, there's plenty of oxygen to go around. As a result, nearly all of the minerals in the Earth's crust are composed of oxygen bonded to one or more metals. But which? This is where Bowen's reaction series comes in.

Given a roughly uniform cocktail of the top eight elements present in a magma flow, you have a range of different minerals that can form as the magma cools & solidifies. If the magma was very hot, it will solidify into olivine, which has a complex crystalline structure. If the magma was cooler, it would solidify into some simpler mineral, down to quartz for the lowest temperature magmas.

Moreover, Bowen's reaction series also sheds light on how materials will break down over the course of millenia of weathering -- basically, they'll tend to keep breaking down into simpler & simpler minerals, until eventually you just have quartz. A

As we've seen home built roller costers and rockets on /., now is the time to build your own Maglev train. All you need is posterboard, foamboard, or cardboard, 20-30 square or rectangular magnets, masking tape. Then follow the instructions. Have fun!

Actually I know that Clint Whaley is still working on ATLAS and related topics, since he shares the same advisor as me at Florida State University.

Perhaps more interesting (and relevant to the topic at hand) is some other research involving compiler optimization and genetic algorithms. (Please note that I am part of a group currently working in this area.) There have been several papers on the topic already from Rice University as well as from our group at FSU. These results have more to do with tuning the order of optimization phases in a compiler using a genetic algorithm, since certain phases may enable or inhibit other phases. Thus the big difference between these studies and the gcc study is the lack of a fixed optimization phase sequence, so certain phases may be skipped, repeated or just rearranged to provide greater benefit.

Ok, I'm confused. According to the article:

...scientists have never been able to identify a VMO in humans, despite evidence that they do respond to pheromones.

But that doesn't sound right. Believe it or not, I actually wrote a paper for my freshman psychology class back in Fall '96 on the effect of human pheromones and the VMO. At that time, at least, it was fairly well known that the VMO did indeed exist in humans, and that even its location in the human body was known (See this and this, for example).

So when did it vanish from scientific literature, or was its existence called into question?

Obligatory Silicon Zoo reference

Look at the second last line of this close-up.
It reads, "Unix is a regist". SCO Lawyers should be very busy trying to read this!

New Total Information Awareness chip?

For US government regulatory purposes, the value of a human life ranges from about $1.1 million to about $6 million. (1999 dollars). The current administration would prefer smaller numbers, because environmental and safety regulations are measured against those values. (1 CFR s305-88-7). So the Enron collapse, at $40 billion, equates to about 7,000 lives.

Yet Ken Lay is still at large.

I recalled learning in one of those silly 4th grade news slide reels that the Sahara was shrinking, given NASA satellite scans of vegitation. Perhaps its just one of the up years. Apparently the Sahara isn't shrinking, but it isn't growing either.

FYI: the NHMFL is operated by the University of Florida, FSU, and Los Alamos National Labs -- not just FSU. To give all the credit to a clown college like FSU is a disgrace to real research institutions like UF.

Yeah, this AC is biased by being a UF grad. But c'mon... you really can major in clowning there. How much research would they get done if they were left alone?

For those who didn't think that was a true story, I just dug up the FSU network admin mailing list article that mentions it...

Because the change in fossil fuel burning has been exponential, the change in CO2 must be too. And from that, *if* the direct relationship is to be believed, most of that increase in the last 150 yrs. should have been in the last 50.

dunno if this is what you want:

Here's the CO2 conc. over 260 years

There's a graph of temp against CO2 here

Realize that even as reliable as GPS is, satellites can give false information. There's a system to counteract this problem, called RAIM, but it requires 4 birds to be visible to detect a problem, and 5 to remove the faulty signal from nav calculations, assuming you have a redundant, GPS-compatible, digital barometric altimeter on board. Otherwise, you need 6 birds visible.

Guidance seems to be relatively straightforward: figure out where you are (with 95% confidence), and aim toward your next waypoint. Here's a quick overview of what that entails:

1. Determine lat/lon for you and the waypoint
2. Determine true (ground) course
3. Determine magnetic course after correcting for the aforementioned deviation
4. Determine magnetic heading after correcting for wind
5. Determine compass heading after correcting for onboard instrument magnetic interference
6. Issue commands to the flight control system to head that way

That leaves flight controls. You need to maintain proper attitude, keeping in mind that there's gonna be turbulence. In order for any magnetic navigation system to properly realigned (remember gyroscopic precession?), you need to be flying straight and level, which requires extensive compensation for unsteady flight dynamics. It's not as simple as saying "pitch up" when your speed gets too high or your altitude is too low. What if you get inverted? It can happen. Even human pilots don't do so well flying instruments only -- see the NTSB findings in the JFK junior crash. Maintaining stability and control over dynamical systems is a hard problem, which is why many colleges offer entire majors in CDS.

Disclaimer: I am a Space Shuttle enthusiast and a student pilot (hopefully, that will change in two weeks). I know that NASA have the expertise to overcome these problems, and I'm willing to give these engineers the benefit of the doubt. I wish them good weather and no system malfunctions.

My own Amtrac. Make that two things: I want somebody to explain why we had to use them to invade them to invade a desert country???!!!

Do you think we'd all start using the arabic word? Ignore the fact that there are different alphabets. Just think of the way the arabic word sounds. Again, do you think we'd use the word? Hell, no. Americans wouldn't stand for it.

Hmm... You mean a word like "Algebra"? Nah, we'd never do anything like THAT. Then again, there was the book "Al Gebr We'l Mukabala" by Al Khwarismi. You can find a reference here or here.

Now as for the French, who are you calling naive? If this was America pulling this stunt (can you say "Freedom Fries") we wouldn't hear some lame ass crap about messing up the language. This is just more anti-Anglo behavior from France. Or do you consider it conicidence that they also have restraints on how much American music can be played on radio stations? That's been around for ages.

Wow, talk about naive.

As for nitrogen forming bubbles (aka 'the bends'): divers take (at least) 1 minute per 15 metres ascent, and a minute for the last 6 metres - where the proportional change (from 1.6 bar to 1) is greatest. So there shouldn't be too much of a problem given how long it will take them to get to that altitude (132,000 feet at 1000 feet per minute => more than 2 hours>

As to the original quotes from the article, they say that half a pint of water in the decompression chamber explodes in half a second. Wow! These guys aren't rocket scientists, fortunately. Any sudden change will be instantly lethal, of course. In this case, as with diving, it is imperative to plan well, including back-up systems, to go a step at a time, to gain experience, and to practice. They seem to be doing some of that, but not all. Shame that they have probably already contributed to the human gene pool.

I've installed quite a few dedicated communications systems that, while controlled by computers, leave little room for creative configuration in the "OS". I still find my ways..

On one system, I'd configure the IP address and netmask for an interface that was never enabled, with the ASCII numbers for my initials and the date, 255.78.74.66 / 6.28.20.3 for today, for instance.

On another, it was possible to create files with arbitrary names but not put anything in them. A few zero-length files with a hello-message did the trick.

My favorite machine allows hand-editing of an ARP-like table for an obscure routing protocol. Handily enough, this entire interface is never enabled, so I can stuff the table with things like "INSTALLEDBY-00:00:DE:AD:BE:EF NJBANDCREW-00:00:00:00:00:00 JAN01FEB01-00:00:00:00:00:00".

Even on dumb equipment like wiring blocks, I always scratch my initials into the backside before closing the block, so later when the system is tested and mistakes are found, I can defend myself. I've tried to make it standard protocol among the installers I've trained, since it saves everyone grief and encourages responsibility.

More than once, I've jotted notes on the bottom of steel equipment frames before bolting them to the floor, to be seen by the crew that tears them out in 30 years. Anything from "Kilroy was here" with the accompanying graphic, to "Help! I'm trapped under the rack!".

I've been responsible for installing some things I'm not always proud of. Personalization can also be a way of disclaiming responsibility.

Wiring junction boxes frequently contain notes jotted on gray electrical tape. "Approved by engineer Larry 5/22/01; says the NEC doesn't apply here. Black:Hot White:Neutral Green:Ground BlackW/tape:Messenger WhiteW/tape:Magic. If this box is smokey, check the one at the other end of the aisle too!"

My favorite thing is finding notes and doodles left by previous generations. Once I saw a pile of boards torn out and waiting for material reclamation (gold chipleads and stuff), so I dug through the pile admiring yesteryear's design. One controller board had a profusion of "green wire", added by a field tech to update the board to a new revision. In some unused space in the corner, a little smiley face had been elegantly needlepointed into the perfboard.

Makes you wonder how much personalization goes undetected in the products we use every day! Spend some time in the Silicon Zoo checking out the art inside chips themselves.

In Western Washington? HAH! You must not be from Seattle, my friend.

One would think that would be a viable solution..like the time the constituency voted against building a new Kingdome, but it was built anyway. Or the time there was a referendum to see if bridge parallel to the Tacoma Narrows bridge should be built, only won by 3%, and was built anyway, unchanged. Now, the ballpark was only an initial query, with no set location, but the new Tacoma Narrows will be plowing through neighborhoods and taking out houses. Surely, that should require a margin of voter hapiness greater than 3%. The area definitely has a history of shady tactics when it comes to gauging public interest.

And you are complaining because you can't send him a Plan 9 cd ? Give me a fucking break. If you don't like it here, move there.

a Nd:YLF pumped diode laser was used as the first stage for the current Omega laser due to its wavelength being readily absorbed by solid hydrogen (I would guess) and its relatively high output. it's wavelength lies in the infrared with green and ultraviolet harmonics. some beam splitting and amplification/acceleration is involved with the production of the final pulse.

this laser also seems to be popular photon source in imaging devices for which has replaced expensive and bulky TiSaph equipment in many applications (or so think i read). so . . .

question for slashdot: will the basic technology for the petwatt upgrade be the same?

sorry no links - go hit up the search engines yourself (i refuse to say "google" as verb). . . oh, what the heck:

--TRR

http://www.spymac.com/gallery/showphoto.php?photo= 25644&size=big&papass=&sort=1&thecat=5 32
http://www.fsu.edu/~womenst/Strawberry%20shortcake .gif

I guess you didn't see the strip? If it's the one I saw, it was *not* a "copy of the original" -- unless strawberry shortcake went through puberty with a vengeance since the last time I saw her.

Here are a few more links:

For a bit older:
The power of 10

For the younger crowd: boowakwala

Seen this one yet? It's the Milky Way in a sequence of 10x zooms.

wow, you cracked blowfish and 3DES?

you must have a big brain!

or do you mean you used this serial to activate it?

ftp://mirror.csit.fsu.edu/pub/OpenBSD/OpenSSH/port able/openssh-3.6.1p1.tar.gz

I did warn about it being a rant...

Anyways, have you opened up the hood recently? The majority of cars sold today still have throttle bodies. Push the wire, rev the engine. The throttle knob on the throttle body actually controls the air flow (not the fuel directly). Sensors feedback to the computer which then controls the spark timings, injectors, iac valve, air/fuel mixture, etc. It's a sensor feedback system with your foot controlling the throttle, and the computer responding to sensor inputs, indirectly from your foot position.

20 years ago? I guess you're confusing throttle bodies with carburetors.

The Intel PIC clone was designed by, yes, you guessed right, Zilog

Thank christ Intel will check it before it goes to silicon. Zilong engineers spend their time doing things like this and this

Most superchargers are always on, though I guess it wouldn't be too hard to get a clutch assembly on one. You can counteract detonation some by using higher octane gas. This is the whole "premium gasoline for cars that benefit from premium" thing. All modern engines have knock sensors and if you give it cheap gas, they'll knock a bit, the engine will retard ignition some (until after full compression) so you won't knock but performace will suffer. Give it premium gas and it won't have to compromise like that. The downside is cost - race gas is 104, 105 octane, but costs $3 or $4 per gallon in the US, about double normal prices. Honda got creative with the rules a few years back and had some effectively 120 octane fuel in their F1 cars, I don't want to know what that was per gallon.

You can also strap on an intercooler (a.k.a. intake charge cooler) which cools the air coming into the engine. It gets heated up under compression (your old friend PV = nRT) and this leads to detonation. An intercooler can cool it down some to avoid this a bit, you can be a bit more aggressive on your compression ratios.

Maybe gSOAP is the answer for your needs.

It is a library for C and C++ that generates codes for using (as a client) or providing (as a service) web services using the SOAP standard (based on XML).

If you give gSOAP a header file with the methods and structures of your code, it will generate all the needed methods and XML descriptors without giving you much trouble. From there it will be easy to serialize all your data in and out, and you won't have to care about the details of the XMLs. As an added benefit you will be able to share your data with software written in several other languages.

Fh

A later study by Lott and William Landes found that concealed-carry prevents mass shootings. This study is available online here. There is also a list of his non-academic articles here and a brief bio here.

Gary Kleck has also done many studies on the issue of guns, crime, and self-defense. There is a good introduction and an interview with him here, a summary of his work here, and a his own home page here.

It might be worth noting that none of the above studies were funded by gun advocacy groups, gun control groups, gun manufacturers, or any other special interests. They are politically balanced -- John Lott is an iconoclastic conservative/libertarian, and Gary Kleck is a lifelong liberal Democrat. (I don't know David Mustard's affiliation.)

Also, they have impeccable credentials. John Lott got his Ph.D. in economics at UCLA, and David Mustard at University of Chicago. Gary Kleck got his Ph.D. in Sociology at the University of Illinois at Urbana.

There is an extensive list of articles on gun control here. The folks running this site are against it, but they don't seem to be connected to pro- or anti-gun groups. They have, among other things, an excellent chart showing gun ownership rising as gun crime stays steady and then falls here.

This should be enough to get you started -- feel free to post follow-up for sent me e-mail if you have any questions! --Robert A. Book, Ph.D. rbook "AT" pobox.com

Molecular Photography is also the actual photography of a molecule and it's actually quite beautiful.

Cholesterol
DNA
Dyes

Molecular Photography is also the actual photography of a molecule and it's actually quite beautiful.

Cholesterol
DNA
Dyes

Molecular Photography is also the actual photography of a molecule and it's actually quite beautiful.

Cholesterol
DNA
Dyes

Molecular Photography is also the actual photography of a molecule and it's actually quite beautiful.

Cholesterol
DNA
Dyes

Please use a mirror, yeah, har har. Thanks, buddy. As of now, of course, none of the mirrors have updated, possibly because people post links right to the master.

Australia (Canberra, .au only) http://mirror.aarnet.edu.au/pub/OpenBSD/songs/song 32.ogg
Australia (Melbourne) http://www.openbsd.aba.net.au/ftp/songs/song32.ogg
Australia (Sydney) http://ftp.planetmirror.com/pub/OpenBSD/songs/song 32.ogg
Australia (Sydney) http://the.wiretapped.net/OpenBSD/songs/song32.ogg
Austria (Vienna) http://gd.tuwien.ac.at/opsys/OpenBSD/songs/song32. ogg
Belgium (Ghent) http://openbsd.rug.ac.be/ftp/pub/OpenBSD/songs/son g32.ogg
Canada (Edmonton) http://sunsite.ualberta.ca/pub/OpenBSD/songs/song3 2.ogg
Canada (Sherbrooke) http://gulus.usherb.ca/ftp/OpenBSD/songs/song32.og g
Finland http://ftp.fi.debian.org/OpenBSD/songs/song32.ogg
Finland (Jyvskyl) http://ftp.jyu.fi/ftp/pub/OpenBSD/songs/song32.ogg
Germany (Esslingen) http://ftp-stud.fht-esslingen.de/pub/OpenBSD/songs /song32.ogg
Germany (Frankfurt) http://pandemonium.tiscali.de/pub/OpenBSD/songs/so ng32.ogg
Germany (Stuttgart) http://ftp.uni-stuttgart.de/pub/OpenBSD/songs/song 32.ogg
Italy (Napoli) http://ftp.openbsd.it/OpenBSD/songs/song32.ogg
Sweden (Uppsala) http://ftp.sunet.se/pub/OpenBSD/songs/song32.ogg
Sweden (Uppsala) http://mirror.pudas.net/OpenBSD/songs/song32.ogg
Taiwan http://openbsd.nsysu.edu.tw/pub/OpenBSD/songs/song 32.ogg
TamSui, Taiwan http://ftp.tku.edu.tw/pub/OpenBSD/songs/song32.ogg
USA (Batesville, AR) http://gandalf.neark.org/pub/distributions/OpenBSD /songs/song32.ogg
USA (Sunnyvale, CA) http://east.dl.sourceforge.net/mirrors/OpenBSD/son gs/song32.ogg
USA (Tallahassee, FL) http://mirror.csit.fsu.edu/pub/OpenBSD/songs/song3 2.ogg
USA (Lake in the Hills, IL) http://rt.fm/pub/OpenBSD/songs/song32.ogg
USA (Indianapolis, IN) http://archive.progeny.com/OpenBSD/songs/song32.og g
USA (West Lafayette, IN) http://ftp7.usa.openbsd.org/pub/os/OpenBSD/songs/s ong32.ogg
USA (Cambridge, MA) http://openbsd.mirrors.netnumina.com/songs/song32. ogg
USA (State College, PA) http://carroll.cac.psu.edu/pub/OpenBSD/songs/song3 2.ogg
USA (Fairfax, VA) http://mirrors.rcn.net/pub/OpenBSD/songs/song32.og g
USA (Fairfax, VA) http://openbsd.secsup.org/songs/song32.ogg
USA (Springfield, VA) http://www.tux.org/pub/bsd/openbsd/songs/song32.og g
USA (Madison, WI) http://mirror6.cs.wisc.edu/pub/mirrors/OpenBSD/son gs/song32.ogg

...to get the job done. When a friend and I co-wrote the "Linux Installation Project" a long time ago, we explained practically every step necessary to installing RedHat 5.0 or Slackware 3.4. We figured that explaining anything less than every step would mean that somebody would get lost in the process somewhere.

...to get the job done. When a friend and I co-wrote the "Linux Installation Project" a long time ago, we explained practically every step necessary to installing RedHat 5.0 or Slackware 3.4. We figured that explaining anything less than every step would mean that somebody would get lost in the process somewhere.

This is an interesting case and I hope that the courts will take action to address these abusive legal actions. There are actually mechanisms in the law to accomplish this, ranging from a court order barring a litigant from filing further motions or actions on a certain issue to a court declaration that a litigant is characteristically abusive (I can't recall the term for this, but it is assuredly legal latinate). The latter requires the censured litigant to gain court approval before filing any further actions.

Check out the following case; it's very interesting.

http://www.law.fsu.edu/library/flsupct/sc94012/op- sc93573.pdf

I actually used some of these, these and these to build
some of these. They
tried to stop me by using these
and these
but I did not give in!
I know a guy and he helped me to bring these in so we could design and design some more and build some of these and these and fight everyone off and scary the rest.

So finally, I could use more of
these and these and these to get my freakingly cool nuclear powered microprocessor.

Begin e-mail quote:

----- Original Message -----
From: Bob Colvin
To: Sterling D. Allan
Sent: Saturday, September 07, 2002 8:06 AM
Subject: TEV - How It Works !!!

WARNING: THE FOLLOWING EXPERIMENTS ARE HAZARDOUS. DO NOT ATTEMPT THESE EXPERIMENTS UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES UNLESS YOU ARE AN EXPERIENCED ELECTRICAL RESEARCHER, EXPERIENCED IN PERFORMING EXPERIMENTS WITH LEAD-ACID BATTERIES AND PULSE CHARGE AND DISCHARGE OF SAME, AND UNLESS YOU ALSO USE ALL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS SUCH AS GOGGLES AND PROTECTIVE GLOVES, SLEEVES, AND APRON. YOU MUST NOT HAVE OTHER INFLAMMABLE LIQUIDS OR OTHER SUBSTANCES PRESENT WHICH COULD BE IGNITED AND BURN OR EXPLODE. SURGED LEAD-ACID BATTERIES PRODUCE HYDROGEN GAS, WHICH CAN EASILY EXPLODE SINCE SPARKING ALSO CAN OCCUR. THE ACID FROM SUCH AN EXPLOSION CAN EASILY BLIND YOU IF IT GETS IN YOUR EYES, AND IT CAN BURN YOUR SKIN. IN ADDITION, LEAD AND LEAD COMPOUNDS ARE POISONS, AND ARE TO BE HANDLED ONLY BY EXPERIENCED RESEARCHERS. THESE EXPERIMENTS ARE NOT FOR AMATEURS UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCE, BUT ONLY FOR EXPERIENCED PROFESSIONALS WITH PROPER KNOWLEDGE AND TRAINING,

More than one inventor has discovered or rediscovered a magic thing about lead-acid storage batteries powering circuits, usually without understanding precisely what it is that he has really discovered. The chemical and electrical actions going on in a lead-acid cell are quite complex, and involve interactions in both the positive plate, negative plate, and in the electrolyte itself. The usual chemical interactions primarily specify the overall changes of the plate materials from one form to the other (i.e., for charge and for discharge conditions). However, there are many other ions (including both H+ which are free protons, and free electrons) involved in the reactions.

Particularly significant is the double surface and overpotential effects. We state without further elaboration that the proper use of the overpotentials in these double surfaces can produce current that moves against the voltage. In other words, there are processes available in the battery that allow -- under very precise conditions -- parts of the battery to perform as negative resistors. When that action occurs, the very notion of charge and discharge is reversed.

Further, the multiple currents and many nonlinear mechanisms involved, allow various currents to move in opposite directions; some with the voltage and some against the voltage. Again, we leave further analysis along that line to the experts, only appealing to them that time-reversal effects must also be considered.

In other words, in addition to the external charges of molecules and atoms that they normally consider, there are also ongoing a huge variety of nuclear currents and charging that presently do not appear in any book on batteries, at least any I know of.

There are at least three major currents in such a battery: (1) the ion current in the electrolyte, (2) the electron current in the conductors (electrode materials, terminal connectors, etc), and (3) charge transfer reactions at the electrode/electrolyte interfaces. For our purposes we shall consider primarily only the ion current and the electron current, and we consider only lead-acid batteries. For an introduction to various kinds of batteries, we refer the interested reader to a fine little text by Vincent, and to other similar texts on modern batteries. For deep understanding of the electrochemistry, we refer the reader to the full series of 13 volumes by Bockris and Conway.

We shall also rather ignore the double layer effects, which are in fact quite important because they are responsible for the producing overpotentials, phase shifting of currents, etc. The present analysis can be materially deepened by taking into account the double surface layers, their redistributions of charge, the internal resistances of the cell to the various currents, etc. We leave that for the experts and encourage that it be done. Here we just wish to get at the basic servomechanism overshoot mechanism that one can evoke, which usually does not appear in conventional analyses at all. This mechanism can be used to produce (1) currents (either ion or electron or H+) moving against the voltage, (2) opposition charge densities which are then volumetrically squeezed to produce large overpotentials not normally connected with the charge transfer interactions at the double surfaces, and (3) specific phase shifting of currents.

It is our contention that, by achieving proper timing of these overshoot effects in battery in ionic current resonance, one can produce an asymmetrically self-regauging battery which charges itself and also powers its load. For the purist, there are also other mechanisms involved that are still unknown, hence accounting for the adjustments and tuning that usually must be meticulously performed.

For an equal charge, the ions in the lead ion current (say, in lead sulfate) are several hundred thousand times more massive than the electrons in the electron current. They are on the order of more than 200 times more massive than the H+ ions in that ionic current. Further, the ionic current will resonate (and probably other currents simultaneously as well, since resonance in this case probably represents a coordinated resonance among different currents) as shown by Ahluktenko, usually in the multi-megahertz range. Since the battery is so highly nonlinear in its dynamics, subharmonic and harmonic resonance effects also are present, particularly subharmonic resonances. We believe that it is also possible to couple and synchronize molecular oscillations, ion current oscillations, and material lattice oscillations in the electrodes, in harmonic and subharmonic oscillation fashion, but that is a quite different subject. Such more subtle (but can be powerful) effects may occur onl

So you can resonate the ionic current, or the coordinated currents. Relatively speaking -- that is a coordinated current dominated by massive ions with lots of inertia and overshoot when the current tries to change intensity or reverse direction, due to Lenz's law (an induced emf in a conductor is always polarized in a direction so as to oppose the change that causes the induced emf). In this case we have a multiplicity of Lenz's law effects induced when we try to change the ionic current. Some of the accompanying currents can be affected quite differently from the ion current. Because of this Lenz law complex dynamics, a simple back pop to oppose the ion current, or to accelerate it, is not a simple current and voltage matter at all. Indeed, the exact relationships in such are a quite worthy study for some exotic physical chemistry.

So we just grossly summarize, with rules-of-thumb, and delay the precision to future detailed studies by very fine laboratory teams.

Here's the rough secret: the chemistry of the battery is largely dominated and affected by the ion current in the absence of overriding electron current, while the external load is dominated and affected by the electron current alone. You can easily pick a point in the ion current resonance cycle (say, when the ionic current in resonance is in the battery-charging half cycle), and just instantly switch the electron current to oppose it.

That's a bit of an oversimplification; you actually must get the phasing correct to properly form new and increased overpotentials, precisely at the proper times so as to charge the battery and/or powering the load. Note that with currents moving in opposite directions, the intention is for one current to predominate in the battery in charging mode, while another current or group predominates in the load in discharging mode. If you powerfully oppose the ion current, Lenz's law is evoked powerfully, so that the ion current actually increases its charge capability for a moment, due to its massivity. The Lenz law emf and the back-popped emf also produce a tremendous stress potential (a scalar potential by another name), energetically lifting the ions and particles to a higher potential state.

That is, you momentarily increased the reaction cross section of those ions and electrons etc., and so you increased the collector systems' dipolarity. Thus they momentarily receive and collect excess energy from their increased asymmetry in their active vacuum exchange. In short, they momentarily asymmetrically self-regauge, which is taking on free excess energy from the vacuum. We note that the generation of the Lenz law emf effect actually comes from the atomic nuclei, but do not further explain it.

The point is, you just legitimately extracted excess energy from legitimate environmental sources. You converted the system into an open dissipative system, removing any necessity for it to conform to classical thermodynamics because it momentarily is far from equilibrium with its active vacuum environment.

Further, the inertia of the ions together with the Lenz law effects, causes the ions to continue in charging mode. This in turn volumetrically squeezes the opposing charges into a smaller volume, further increasing the charge density and thereby the potential magnitude (i.e., further increasing the asymmetry of all those charges in the vacuum exchange, and thereby absorbing more energy from the vacuum). The production of that charge density squeeze produces a new kind of overpotential that we can use to power the load (i.e., in electron discharge mode) at the same time that the ion current continues to charge the battery.

You've just got yourself a true free energy or negative resistor effect, if you can master it and use it with proper timing. Note that by simple switching (very sharply, in 5 nanoseconds or less) and phase relationships, you can take power electron current in the external circuit in the discharge mode, by simply letting this overpotential be connected to the external circuit to energize the Drude electrons. And you are momentarily doing that while you are still charging the battery.

Since you are going to be producing discharge pulses of Poynting energy flow from the overpotentials onto the external circuit in brief spurts, it is wise to use the pulse discharging to also charge a current smoothing capacitor of proper capacitance. Therefore you convert your overpotential pulses in the external circuit into smoothed rippling current through the load.

If you elaborate on these processes and play with them for awhile (like several months!), you can also see how to phase things in either DC through the load fashion, or AC through the load fashion.

But the point is, you really can induce one or more processes that allow simultaneously charging the battery (changing the chemistry in the charging mode) while discharging energy onto the Drude electron gas in the external circuit, powering them up and thereby powering the load.

And you have not violated any laws of physics or thermodynamics, and the conservation of energy law is enforced at all times.

Presently I know of no other book or paper that has such as its stated goal. The books and current research seem to all try to coherently organize and synchronize the various battery processes and currents to maximize charging and maximize discharging efficiency, while keeping the two completely separate. On the other hand, our purpose is to decoherently organize and synchronize the various battery processes and currents, to accomplish charging of the battery and discharging through the load to power it, simultaneously. In short, we seek to convert the battery and its processes into an open dissipative system capable of overunity operation, and all the way to self-powering operation while powering a load also.

The ion current can only sluggishly slow to a stop for its reversal; it requires it a finite amount of time to do that. So it continues right on charging the battery for awhile. During that ion current hysteresis or overshoot time, you have a tremendous charge density squeeze occurring. This gives you an overpotential to use, and you can use it in dramatically different manners, simultaneously, on differing current types.

So you produce a large overpotential in spike or very sudden buildup, essentially for free or nearly so. The other end of that overpotential can be connected (switched onto) the load to deliver a surge of power (sorry for the normal terminology!) in the load because of the surge of the overpotential across it. If you time it correctly, you can get a much higher voltage surge from that overpotential, across the load's impedance. And that means you generate a higher electron current through that load, which consequently produces greater power because of the overpotential, than what you yourself had to pay for.

Clever devil that you are, you used that massive old ion current's overshoot to squeeze the charge density dramatically upward and almost freely form that overpotential for you. Then you adroitly (and quite suddenly) connected that overpotential near its peak, right across the external circuit electrons, to power the load, and let 'er rip.

After all, applying a voltage V to a circuit is in fact asymmetrically regauging that circuit and changing its collected energy. The magnitude of D V or overpotential is a measure of the additional amount of asymmetrical self-regauging of the system you obtained. It's a measure of how much more the system was opened to receiving excess energy freely from its active vacuum potential environment.

Who says you must have all the currents in the entire battery-external circuit systems all in phase or nearly so? Simply put, you wish the ion current in the battery to be about 180 out of phase with the electron current in the load. And as the ion current oscillates, you wish it highly overpotentialized in the charge mode, and very much less potentialized in its discharge half cycle (for resonance conditions).

You need just the opposite in the electron current through the load. You need that current highly potentialized whenever it is flowing through the load. If you use DC power in the load, you must disconnect the overpotential formed by the back-popping squeeze and let the smoothing capacitor discharge to power the load, during the discharge half of the ion current

Let me warn you that you must use microwave switching techniques, and you must switch in 5 nanoseconds or less; one nanosecond is better. The entire overpotential is likely to be over in about 20 to 40 nanoseconds, depending upon the specific battery, load, and other circuit conditions. Capacitance effects may extend this in some cases up to a microsecond. So if all you know is ordinary motor switching, go get the services of a microwave switching engineer first. The average motor switching fellow will be amazed at the notion of switching so suddenly. The microwave switching engineer will simply shrug his shoulders and say, Piece of cake! He does that every day without a second's hesitation.

But as you can see, working your way through all this and getting everything timed just right, is still a significant undertaking. It's not a simple thing at all. You can also see why so many ordinary switching guys have failed at it, and why most of them were incapable of replicating John Bedini's little battery-popping self-powered motor system.

If you are very clever with your measurements and timing, you can get that ion current to keep on resonating, and use it as a very stiff oscillating spring on which to store and release larger amounts of energy in terms of electron charges and potentials. You can manipulate the potentials, including the overpotential.

You can essentially do what Nikola Tesla did in his circuits: You can shuttle potential and potential energy in different directions in different parts of your overall circuit, use multiple currents and multiple current directions. You can control what you do energetically in the various parts of the circuit. And you can eliminate the back-emf phenomenon that in the normal current loop with single current type is responsible for always killing the source dipole. Now you can continually restore the dipole and power the load independently, simultaneously.

There are many variations on the above, at least four major ones. There are many additional ones when you apply other timed oscillations (LC oscillators), inductors, etc. to the circuit. In all, there are at least a hundred or more major variations you can make to this basic circuit operation. All have something to be said for them. Various inventors have discovered various ones of them.

The end result is the partial removal of the Lorentz condition that is normally restored by forcing the killing of the source dipole. Now you can dramatically reduce the amount of killing, and in fact have a net restoring, while at the same time increasing the power in the load.

A Recommendation to the Department of Energy

We urge the experienced electrical laboratory teams in the DOE to give this one a real try. It's nearly all just ordinary theory, only with multiple currents having dramatically different response characteristics, all in the same circuit loop. There is also a little servomechanism theory involved, as well as the charge density squeeze to provide a large overpotential. You need microwave switching, and asymmetrical self-regauging thrown in. It's quite straight forward, it can fairly readily be made to work by an experienced lab team, and it's not expensive. But it does first require a dramatic change in the mindset of the experimenters and a completely different view of what you were taught as conservation of energy. If you cannot get past that orthodox practice of accounting only for the dissipated Poynting energy component, you will never understand it or do it. You are also treating and using a battery as the highly nonlinear system it really is, not just as

We again strongly warn the reader against casually experimenting with this, unless you are an experienced researcher, know what you are doing, and take proper precautions! This is for experienced lab people only. Even then, they must use all the proper procedures and precautions. You experiment with this at your own legally assumed risk.

Still, big financial empires don't give up their empires without a real fight -- by fair means or foul. And that fight includes the ruthless suppression of true negative resistors. Such as the really excellent battery poppers.

Bedini's Battery-Popper Motor

http://www.icehouse.net/john1/john.html

John Bedini is one of the most creative inventors on this planet. He is also a close friend and colleague. It was my great privilege to be able to work with John for several years. Though it was sad that he had such an inept pupil!

John built several experimental motors (both electrical and magnetic) in the overunity area, and performed successful transmutation experiments. John is a recognized genius in high-end sound amplifier development. Many audiophiles worldwide still swear that the Bedini amplifier is the best and sweetest-sounding audio amplifier ever built. Even the test engineers for leading audiophile magazines have said so.

One of John's battery-powered electrical motors, e.g., ran continuously off its battery for about five years, and kept the battery charged. When you realize that such a small electric motor is only about 35% efficient, then you realize that about 65% of the energy flowing out of the battery was being dissipated in the motor as heat, core losses, etc. So the unit was continuously performing work for that five years. The 1/8 hp motor represented a load in which the continuous rate of work being done (the rate of energy dissipation) was about 0.08 hp.

The little device was a battery-popper, and we have already covered the theory of such units in the treatise above. We need not repeat it here.

John built a variety of other motors and generators, some of extremely novel design. Several of these units did work at overunity performance.

John also was active in assisting other young inventors to get started.

I can assure you of one thing. If I personally ever succeed in this area, then there are a few people who are going to be endowed. John Bedini is right up there at the top of the list.

Nelson's Self-Regenerating Back-Popped Battery Power Unit

WE CALL THE READER'S ATTENTION AGAIN TO THE PREVIOUS WARNING IN BOLD PRINT. DO NOT EXPERIMENT WITH THIS UNLESS YOU ARE AN EXPERIENCED EXPERIMENTER, PROPER QUALIFIED, AND TAKE ALL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS. YOU EXPERIMENT AT YOUR OWN ASSUMED RISK.

Microwave switching engineer Bill Nelson and a colleague became interested in Bedini's little motor. So they met with John several times, discussed the theory of its operation at length, and even called me a time or two to see what thoughts I had... Once they thoroughly understood the principles, they reasoned that the motor was just a load, and all the action was in the battery as controlled by the switcher. Bedini confirmed that this was correct.

Being expert microwave switching engineers and not motor engineers, they just used an ordinary lamp for the load. In the theory of such battery poppers below, we will see that microwave switching techniques are required. However, that posed no problem for Nelson and colleague.

Before very long, they had a battery-popper working in the overunity, self-powering mode. It would keep its battery charged and also power the lamp.

Nelson took his little demonstrator to his work (a large aerospace engineering firm) and showed it to his fellow engineers and scientists to test their reactions. He stated that (1) a few were naïve and would believe anything anyway, (2) some would instantly become hostile and disturbed and promptly leave, (3) some would become agitated and immediately wish to argue, even in a tirade, and (4) a few would closely examine the unit, with real scientific curiosity and open-mindedness though skeptical...

At one time Nelson investigated putting a little kit on the market, but legally it was inadvisable. Popped lead acid batteries produce hydrogen gas and can explode. Someone very naïve would have hurt themselves, and entered a lawsuit.

So there the matter rested. We corresponded sporadically for a few years, then that was that. But Nelson and colleague had demonstrated both the necessary and sufficient things to prove the concept and mechanism: (1) independent replication and (2) independent qualified testing which showed overunity operation.

Watson's 8 kW Battery-Popper Motor

WE CALL THE READER'S ATTENTION AGAIN TO THE PREVIOUS WARNING IN BOLD PRINT. DO NOT EXPERIMENT WITH THIS UNLESS YOU ARE AN EXPERIENCED EXPERIMENTER, PROPER QUALIFIED, AND TAKE ALL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS. YOU EXPERIMENT AT YOUR OWN ASSUMED RISK.

Jim Watson successfully replicated Bedini's device (with direct advice from Bedini). Watson made improvements and modifications, and eventually was able to build one and adjust it as he wished. He demonstrated an 8 kW device at the first International Tesla conference in Colorado Springs.

Later Watson was moving toward development and marketing.

Then Watson and his entire family disappeared. Neither Bedini nor I could locate him. Neither could his financial backer, the late R. J. Reynolds III. This was a researcher and friend whom I was in contact with several times a week. Then bingo! Nothing further.

He abruptly and completely broke off all communication with everyone. A squirrelly message was left on his answering machine for a few days, saying he had moved (but not in Jim's voice). Then it too was removed. And that was that.

Eerily, it seems that if you call the police in the town where Jim Watson lived, they will tell you he still lives there on the same street in the same house. At least that's what they told a friend of mine who checked a few months ago, which is years after Jim and his family originally disappeared. And that check may be the oddest thing of all. The police implied on the phone that Jim and his family never disappeared. Everything fine. AOK. And that's a bald-faced lie. He and his family did disappear. No one could find them, regardless of how they tried. His financial backer couldn't even find him.

The clear implication is, stay away from that one. Somebody from the dark side may have made Jim the offer he could not refuse. One may never know what really happened, whether or not Jim ever surfaces again -- or has already surfaced again and is living there very, very quietly. But Jim's entire overunity motor effort ended abruptly, even though highly successful. And even though the motor was almost ready to be put into production.

Watson has not been seen at an energy conference since that sudden mysterious disappearance. No one has had a phone call from him. I have not found anyone I trust who has seen him again.

You have not seen a Watson overunity power system go to market. You almost certainly never will.

Yet Jim's device was perfected to the point where he could make the things like pretzels, adjust them readily, and they worked every time. They could have been put into mass production very easily. Obviously that made him a grave threat to the Energy Cartels around the world.

At rare intervals, the Energy Cartel does suppress an invention and an inventor by making the inventor an offer he cannot refuse, in Mafia terms. Presently the going price when that offer is made, is $10 million. You take your $10 million, quit all research, quit your contacts, and you live. But you live very quietly, although you live very well financially.

The engineers who measured Jim's 8 kW machine there in Colorado Springs are still alive. And they know what they measured.

There's one other little thing. At that same International Tesla Conference in Colorado Springs, the folks who were in charge (for the energy barons) of suppressing all successful overunity devices in the Western world were also there when Jim demonstrated his 8 kW device. There is a certain effect which happens in a battery sometimes for a large overunity battery popper unit like that, if the device is for real. Time-reversal operations and wave transductions can occur, resulting in time-excitation charging inside the battery materials, in a negative time charge sense (remember, the overunity operation is a negentropic operation). After a machine of that type and with that particular internal effects has been used to furnish energy for quite a while, you can make a definitive test on it. Simply hook it to a normal battery charger for that size battery, and start to charge it. You then may find to your surprise that the power will just seem to disappear in that batte

The reason is that wave transduction occurs of your charging spatial energy into time-energy, and so you have to furnish rather enormous energy to get a little bit of that negative-time charge reversed. After you fill that seemingly bottomless pit, then suddenly the negative time-charge will have been eliminated, and at that point the battery will start to charge up in quite normal fashion.

It is significant that Jim's battery was stolen right out of the machine. Whoever did it, almost certainly knew how to test it to find out if Jim's generator was actually a true overunity device. If so, then they tested it and found that indeed it was genuine.

And there was only one group there who would have known that little tidbit.

Dated: 1999

...25 years after the first weather satellite, meteosat

In a more geekie manner; there is Kraftwerk. Difficult to grasp, very cold at first but if you dig a little bit into it, you will find it pretty warm. Personnaly, I find the album Computer World a excellent start, and if you code, you will find the lyrics pretty funny like : It's more fun to compute or I program my home computer, Beam my self into the future. It's kind of cool to listen to that and making a modification in a Makefile ... Very powerful album. I find it kind of cool of acting like a robot and listening to kraftwerk. Everything at it's right place.

If you are more in a texture mode, check out Board of Canada. You can think of a weird 8mm film of the '70 put into music. Great for Cobol and Mainframe programming.

If your are on Visual Basic and you are frustrated, you can put Neu !/Neu ! 2. It's rock from the '70, but the beat is sooo techno... still ahead of it's time... It has influence so many artists.

In something more funky, check Mouse On Mars. It's very noisy, but still have the genius to put the melody into it. The music to listen with Python or Perl.

As for the documentation, Fennesz [Endless Summer] is great ambiant music. Acoustic guitar put into small repeated samples. So beautiful that you will forget that you are making documentation. This is the next logical step to Eno.

To learn more about electronic music, the The Wire is a excellent source...

Shameless plug: I started an online publishing company that distributes PDF texts free of charge for students' self-study. Our first book is designed to help the student move on from Calculus to more rigorous mathematics.

The problem with corporations is that they are legal entities. For example, if you sue Microsoft, you're suing "Microsoft Corporation" itself, not Bill G. or Steve Ballmer or it's legal department. As such, a corporation can be found guilty of crimes. The question becomes, how do we punish a corporate entity that's already in debt for several billion dollars. Wrap your head around that. What we do now is try to pin it on someone inside the corporation. In our society, you go as far up the corporate ladder as you can, until you reach an unlucky scapegoat.

Well, that was a nice little rant.

I've launched a rawinsonde a few times for the NWS, and frankly I don't have a clue as to where they think that these things stay up in the air for more than MAYBE 6-7hrs, let alone 24.

BTW, balloons burst about 2-3 hours after release, then they fall back to the ground via parachute. Granted it's a slower trip back down, but still...

I'm thinking they've taken too many pulls off of the hydrogen tank.

Check out some upper air data...

Another link...

See how many flights make it up to 110kft?

Alot more make it to 90kft...

NWS Upper-air Observations Homepage

Too lazy to log in,
wxnerd

I've launched a rawinsonde a few times for the NWS, and frankly I don't have a clue as to where they think that these things stay up in the air for more than MAYBE 6-7hrs, let alone 24.

BTW, balloons burst about 2-3 hours after release, then they fall back to the ground via parachute. Granted it's a slower trip back down, but still...

I'm thinking they've taken too many pulls off of the hydrogen tank.

Check out some upper air data...

Another link...

See how many flights make it up to 110kft?

Alot more make it to 90kft...

NWS Upper-air Observations Homepage

Too lazy to log in,
wxnerd

I've launched a rawinsonde a few times for the NWS, and frankly I don't have a clue as to where they think that these things stay up in the air for more than MAYBE 6-7hrs, let alone 24.

BTW, balloons burst about 2-3 hours after release, then they fall back to the ground via parachute. Granted it's a slower trip back down, but still...

I'm thinking they've taken too many pulls off of the hydrogen tank.

Check out some upper air data...

Another link...

See how many flights make it up to 110kft?

Alot more make it to 90kft...

NWS Upper-air Observations Homepage

Too lazy to log in,
wxnerd

Umm... and here is a cool powers of 10 java applet: http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/primer/java/scienceopt icsu/powersof10/.