Sony's New Bi-Pedal Robot
TestBoy writes "Sony is releasing a new bipedal robot for home use. It has a 60,000 word vocabulary and can even sing songs." I am especially amused by the photograph of synchronized dancing
robots, and the fact that the new bot will cost as much as a luxury car! But
it has some impressive stuff like facial recognition
See, now if Sony can make a Playstation that sings to you when your playing that'd be awsome =]
I sure hope all the songs it sings are properly licensed.
To ensure perfect aim, shoot first and call whatever you hit the target
If a robot can sing, it's gotta sing "Daisy."
Napster-to-go says "Fill and refill your compatible MP3 player", which is a lie. It's not MP3. It's WMA with DRM.
...but can it trash a major metropolitan area? =D
-Henry
"Useless organic meatbag" -HK-47
Hmmmm. So. It can do 6E4 different jobs? But can it be voice controlled? That's what I want, a robot with a 60,000 word vocabulary.
Best Slashdot Co
Now I've seen it all!
Appended to the end of comments I post? 120 chars?!
...Or will it get jelous of your wife and axe you to complete its mission? Behold HAL!
If religous zealots don't believe in Evolution, then why are they so worried about bird flu?
start spouting off the infamous AYBABTU?
Ok, had to get it out of the way early..while we are at it:
I'm afraid I can't let you do that Dave.
Danger! Danger Will Robinson! Danger!!
Imagine a beowulf Cluster of Natalie Portman pouring hot grits over a few of these?
Any other ones I missed?
Sent from your iPad.
Name it Hal. Then I'll start referring to my house as my pod. Then I'll come home everynight, and say "Open the pod bay door Hal!". Then I'll giggle insanely! It'll never ever stop being funny! :)
As long as it doesn't look like Haley Joel Osment I'll probably buy two.
Honda released its new robot today, too... also bipedal, but not as entertainment-y as Sony's. I can't find a photo/link at the moment.
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Vote for your hopes, not for your fears - Vote Third Party
It's nice to see this kind of development, but does it bother anyone that it's all Sony/Mitsubishi?
We've got plenty of bright people in this country, but we don't make things like this.
We can't afford to fall behind in robot development.
These are not the droids I'm looking for.
A feeling of having made the same mistake before: Deja Foobar
I wonder when they will merge robotic technology with the Realdoll line. Bring your dreams only made in movies to life! Or, possibly, too much life if the bitch takes over and electrocutes you ;)
i wonder if he can sing DeBarge's "Who's Johnny?"
Now I can re-enact this scene
I've always wanted a pet robot, now I can feel like it's really the future.
Starsucks
This is nothing new, except maybe that a company with the consumer influence of Sony is backing the project.
Go here for a list of more interesting projects...
So they will be affordable in my lifetime.
This is just too cool. All the Asimov I read growing up and to be honest I never thought I would personally own a robot.
Sure I wont be able to afford one of these. But I can remember when my dad couldn't afford a digital watch or calculator.
The expensive, limited units today. The cheap, multifunctional units tomorrow.
This is cool!
.
It's hard to believe that's how Micronians are made. Why don't we see it right now by having you both kiss one another?
End of the article: "Yaskawa Electric Corp... has developed a $105,000 bed-shaped robot that can help rehabilitation patients who need to strengthen their legs. "
That is a bit more practical than the Craftmatic teach-yourself-autofellatio model that's been on TV for years.
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WWJD...For a Klondike Bar?
Ok, Here's the link to the new Honda Asimo -- THe page is in Japanese, but the photos are good.
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Vote for your hopes, not for your fears - Vote Third Party
When are they gonna make them look like Natlie Portman!!
I'd only buy one if I could dress it up as Chucky and take it to parties!
"We all know that Crap is King" - Don Henley
Face recognition? Expensive? Bah, the ED-209 has all these features, and more.
My car gets 40 rods to the hogshead, and that's the way I likes it!
Looks pretty sweet and could be fun to program.
...Robin Williams. And I'll bet you thought I was going to say Roblimo. Actually, I didn't think The Bicentennial Man was *that* bad, but I just wish they'd stuck a little Susan Calvin footage in.
The living have better things to do than to continue hating the dead.
Sony's not the only company attempting to recreate Pinocchio. It'll face competition from ZMP Inc's "Pino" robot.
Question: Who will get the Disney deal first?
Will I retire or break 10K?
Sadly, I'd be more impressed if it had stuff like facial hair.
"I like to wear big boy pants."
Hmm.. how long will it take someone to mod one with a chainsaw and a flame thrower and use it as a battle bot? :)
(This Space For Rent)
As long as it doesn't look like Haley Joel Osment [from "A.I." (2001)] I'll probably buy two.
But what about Jonathan Taylor Thomas?
Will I retire or break 10K?
60k words? That's more than all the slashdot editor's vocabularies put together!
Actually, not too many people have a spoken vocabulary that large.
60,000 words, luxury car cost == 60,000 dollars. Somehow it seems a bit high.
:-)
Oh yeah, Sony is always overpriced
"And we have seen and do testify that the Father sent the Son to be the Savior of the World"
1 John 4:14
Can it get itself back to the charging station?
for the pr0n industry! Dress it in high-heels (it could handle uneven sufaces, right?) and a corset and you have the gadget-lovers dream partner!
Smoke me a kipper, I'll be back for breakfast.
Didn't the old school HERO Jr Robot sing DAISY? It also sung about a bicycle built for 2. i borrowed a friend of mine's HERO about 10 years ago, and it couldn't go 10 feet without getting stuck on nothing, proclaming "help! help!". That robot drove the dogs nuts.
What we need no is a WWF smack down between the Sony SDX and Honda's ASIMO. Or at least an appearance on Robot wars.
In any case, as soon as I get my first ASIMO, I'm going to program him to kill my neighbor's Aibo, if he comes in my yard again. That little robot dog's turds have wrecked my lawn mower three times now.
In this article there's some extra technical information, like the fact that it has 2 64-bit RISC processors and runs the Apertos Operating System (now called Aperios).
Signatures are supposed to be funny?
Yaskawa Electric Corp., which supplies robots to auto assembly lines, has developed a $105,000 bed-shaped robot that can help rehabilitation patients who need to strengthen their legs.
Sounds like Roujin Z to me. Roujin Z is a very funny anime by Katsuhiro Ôtomo, the director of the famous Akira. In the anime the story follows an old man in a new hightech bed, that is made to care for him. You can read a much longer review here.
Jan
I need a bed-shaped robot when I'm having sex. Definitely.
Now it can walk my AIBO at 6:00 in the morning.
60k words? ... not too many people have a spoken vocabulary that large.
Humans don't really need thousands of words to communicate. Some spoken languages have about 1000 words; others have fewer than 150. Indian Sign Language has about 200 words in common use.
Will I retire or break 10K?
George Lucas, Fear Me!
It's your responsibility to make sure your robot violates no copyright laws when singing.
"I like to wear big boy pants."
Hey mod this - the post was that the robot had a 60,000 work repertoire...
Is it bad that the only thing I can think of that I would want to do with this robot is stand it on a table and see how hard I could poke at it without it losing its footing? ("hmmm. looks like it is more succeptible(sp) from the back-left...) What more practical use does this thing have?
I want to see one of these perform "I'm a little teepot" I think it would be great! :)
That I have to reboot in the middle of vacuuming the carpet ("Shut it off! The cat is in there!").
IANAL, but I've seen actors play them on TV
There wouldn't be a return in cash terms within 2-3 years so they aren't going to be interested.
Deleted
Sony employee: ah Mr Microsoft exhibitor, allow me to introduce our latest model bipedal *hunter-killer* robot, fresh from our development labs...
Robot: is there a problem here ?
MS employee: erm, on second thoughts, just carry on as you were...
I just want the technology to progress to the point where I can get a "Teddy" from AI.
I can't see something as expensive as a car becoming especially popular, but it's great to think about what might evolve from these little dudes in a few years' time. Five or so years from now they'll probably be down to a few thousand dollars and ten times as intelligent. I can see them being used for things like domestic maintenance, helping the elderly and disabled, going into dangerous environments, they could even have military applications.
:-)
Plus, it's just be cool to have one in the server room to reboot boxes for us, and make coffee
It's not that big of a deal anyways, companies like SONY and Mitsubishi toss plenty of money at the US and vice versa.
International competition is great for the world economy, but you have to be careful that things don't turn out like the Japan Bashing that still sometimes happens because of the auto industry.
Entertainment robots are fine....I'm sure I would love to have one. But the company who develops the first robot that can: do the dishes, mow the lawn, and vacuum the floor will change the world. I don't care if it can sing or not.
Kind thoughts do not change the world
How long will it be before we have "bot bands" taking on the charts? Move over NSYNC bring on the "Backstreet Bots".
Insanity is just a state of mind.
I have to admire a corporation as large as Sony that will invest so much and so long in a dream. They've come a long way in their anthropomorphic robots. The key to making a useful robot is as much or more in mechanical engineering as in computer science.
What they really need is an affordable non-biological equivalent of muscles. No pulleys or gears, totally silent, quick and strong and reasonably accurate and energy efficient.
It may have a 60000 word vocabulary, but 30000 of the words are "beedy-beedy-beedy"
And the optional computer to translate for you is another $60k.
www.eFax.com are spammers
I sure hope all the songs it sings are properly licensed.
Not to worry - the ever-thinking engineers at Sony have taken that problem into consideration. Your robot will come with a credit card reader and a cell-phone so that it can charge the appropriate royalties to your card on a per-incident basis... In the event that the cell network is down, the robot is equipped with a redundant payment system: there is a coin slot so that you can make your payments on-the-spot.
*** Where are we going? And what's with this handbasket?
Does anyone have any more information on the two entertainment robots that Mitsubishi sold to a museum according to the article?
I would be very interesting in seeing how they react in an uncontrolled environment, particularly one with six or seven screaming children trying to get the robots attention.
The demonstrations of this style of robot have been extremely impressive, but i've been waiting to see how they perform in a environment with more visual and aural noise.
Also I found the use of the terminology "bed-shaped robot" rather than "robotic bed" or even "computerized bed" interesting. I know it's FOX, but it seemed kind of science-fictiony.
lysergically yours
Doesn't have opposable thumbs... so that it cannot use things like weapons and (equally dangerous) keyboards ;)
"Oh my god! ITS GOT A GUN!"
"HAL! put the gun DOWN!"
"I'm sorry Dave, I can't do that"
...
Sony released a prototype calld SDR-3X some time ago. You can see an article of it and video here.
This one is more focused on Honda's robot, and their goals. Sony, Honda battle over bots
Im not here now... Im out KILLING pepperoni
Aibo was just cute, and having four legs really made it easy to think of it as just a metal pet. However, to me this thing is a bit creepy. I don't know how well I would sleep knowing it was walking around the apartment, maybe staring at me in the darkness. Think: clown doll in Poltergeist.
Kidding aside, it really sounds amazing.
I hate it when people don't end a sentence with the proper punctuation
"For that, the robot has sensors on the bottom of its feet to help it walk on uneven surfaces such as carpeting and has been programmed to tumble without falling apart and then get up on its own, Doi said."
...
...
:)
er, scuse me mr doi, but how do you program it not to fall apart when it falls over?
if(robot->sensor.overload && robot->falling)
{
robot->say("danger, danger, get the hell out my way!");
robot->donotfallapart = true;
}
hmm
"So there he is, risen from the dead. Like that fella, E. T." - Father Ted Crilly
I wonder where they put the Memory Stick slot.
Wow! This has got to be the coolest toy in the world.
...
It'll be even more appealing when it can perform more intelligent tasks. Such as feeding my dog, laying out my clothes for the day, making me soup when I'm sick in bed, fetching items from across the room,
http://foxnews.com/printer_friendly_story/0,3566,4 8225,00.html
If you just want the content, with no pictures and ads. There is a drawback, you can't see what the robot looks like from this link, but if you don't mind that fact, enjoy.
For the price of a luixury car IMO it better have "3 functioning inputs".
Sony meets RealDoll?
Death to the cultural imperialists!
Pinnochio does not belong to Disney! They raid the shared cultureral heritage of other countries for ideas, then they get all huffy about some damn mouse!
Go ahead. I dare you to name one good Disney movie that they didn't rip off from someone else!
Do you think it can pass the Voight-Kampff empathy test?
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Cheese it! It's the FEDS!
The robot runs on Apertos, it's not open source, I'm not gonna buy one until somebody can show me how to hack a Linux distro in it.
geek page at KY speaks
Why so small? That's an expensive toy or pet.
Don't get me wrong, I'm totally jazzed about this.
But I imagine home robots are supposed to *do* things, not be an expensive novelty item. I don't want to program a robot to be a mobile mp3 player. I don't even want it to "welcome" me when I come home.
I want it to do work.
I want it to take out the trash, do the laundry, vaccuum, cook, mow the lawn, etc. While I read, travel, program, and spend time with my family. That's I look forward to.
That might only be 5-10 years away now. What will the world be like then? What will all the landscaping and housecleaning services do? What will most of the human population do? Flesh Fairs?
Software Wars
now if only the makers of real doll could work with sony and there techies and get me a sexbot - i mean a work bot that could do "stuff" for me without me having to do all the work :)
Ave Molech Setting
Voice recognition technology has needed a killer application for a long time now and PC's will never provide it. If you have to sit at your desk to stare at the screen, you may as well have a keyboard in front of you. Unfortunately we will always need to sit and stare if we're retrieving large amounts of information. Voice rec. only comes into its own when we're giving orders, i.e. when we are not expecting a large amount of information back from the listener. Perhaps a robot which understands 60,000 words is the first step. The next being a robot which can act on them. I'd like to see this little guy bluetoothing with my kettle, fridge, video recorder etc. "Boil Coffee", "Write shopping list" and "Record 10:00 Film". Cool. :)
I am a Karma Library.
Here's the press release with links to videos:
0 20 3/02-0319E/
http://www.sony.co.jp/en/SonyInfo/News/Press/20
If it can wash the dishes and clean my room, I will hock the kids to buy one. If not it is just an over-grown Aibo.
But come to think of it I am still interested in hocking the kids.
SDR-4x) Wake up you bum. Time to go to work.
Me) But I don't wanna.
SDR-4x) Well, if you don't I'll start singing some Barbra Streisand hits.
Me) I'm up! I'm up!! You ungrateful bot.
SDR-4x) Bite me.
I guess that would be handy for relaying messages from different parts of the house where you couldn't be heard, but I can't imagine the conversation depth getting much further than Dr. Sbaitso with a better frequency range.
OTOH, It does have a photographic memory and some command of communication. If Sony would add a cash recognition device, beefed up the SDR-4X's carrying capacity, and pepped up it's mobility in some way, this thing would be great for doing beer runs!
/*drunk.. fix later*/
Sony should make this guy a PSX peripheral. Then I can compete against this little guy in Dance Dance Revolution.
-prator
In college anthropology, I was taught that the average _human_ vocabulary is 40,000 words.
I know a computer can store thousands of words in its RAM or ROM, but calling that a vocabulary is overstretching the point. "Vocabulary" implies comprehension.
I'll wager this robot can't tell its nouns from most of verbs.
See Megatokyo for the reference.
Maran
I wonder if this is what being a god is like. Does she laugh at the pointlessness of it all too? Will Sony make an SDR-5X that makes little robots out of Mindstorms?
The ______ Agenda
I can't stop help but laugh at what this thing looks like. I can't even bring myself to read that much about it because I can't take it that seriously. I can't help but think that the thing is basically a karaoke machine that dances the macarena for you. I don't know if that is a winning combination.
Heroscape, it's like legos combined with anachronistic wargames.
See, I'd like to get one and program it with my cat's face, then teach it the sounds my cat makes when it is hungry as meaning "food".
"Boss, Niki's hungry." "Damn, forgot to feed her again.."
"Avast! Prepare for the rodgering!" THWACK! "Arrr.. me nards.."
The United States used to be forward looking. It used to believe in basic scientific research, and in finding out how to build, create and do almost anything. Now it's on top of the world. people don't want to admit that what the United states did fifty years ago is the main pointer to how successfull it will be in the future.
Sony Robot + RealDoll = Robotics' killer app.
You have been warned.
I mean, yeah, it's cool and all, but remember where it comes from.
Knowledge is power. Knowledge shared is power multiplied.
We're not even close to anything like a positronic brain or a self-learning self-aware android as featured in "The bicentenial man". I have no idea how complex the software is in this thing, whether it uses neural net technology or whatever but to me, it seems an exciting development on the road to Asimov's vision, even it it's just a teeny step.
And the people shall be oppressed, every one by another, and every one by his neighbour Isaiah 3:5
Since this thing sings songs, does that mean that the RIAA will start requiring royalty fees?
Kris Felscher
We've got enough youth, how about a fountain of "smart"?
We all know that the only reason the Japanese do this stuff is as a precursor to bi-pedal mechs all the technicians grew up with (Gundam, Robotech & co.)
The GM Standard will be out any moment soon.
It reminds me the teddy bear in A.I. Just as some fur and subtract a few thousand dollors and you have it.
In America we are imprisoned by our fear of them.
In college anthropology, I was taught that the average _human_ vocabulary is 40,000 words.
This is the "average" vocabulary. If I were dropping $50k on a toy to interact with, I would not want to talk to someone/something with an average vocabulary. The average college grad has approx a 60-80k word vocabulary and the average doctoral grad has approx 80k-120k word vocabulary.
The problem with defining vocabulary however is defining what counts as a real word. Is a vocabulary word one that someone uses properly, or perhaps one that will be understood in some sort of contextual paradigm but not be easily to define?
Additionally, I would be interested to see what is defined as active versus passive uses words in the vocabulary.
Visit Jonesblog and say hello.
"cought"
"increadably"
"volision"
"moble"
"artical"
Think it could be reprogrammed with some Martial Arts and given some light-weight armour. Sent into a ring to do battle?
I mean, when remote controlled cars were pretty damned expensive when they came out, now look at them! Almost every robot you see in those popular tv shows is based off the common every-day remote controlled car. Once your basis is on of these chasis; the sky is the limit...
Mech Wars Anyone? I say yes.
....move along....nothing to see here....
So now all we need is our own Gungan army.
"Beware of he who would deny you access to information, for in his heart, he dreams himself your master."
The article mentions that the robot, if tipped, is programmed to fall in such a way as to minimize damage. Does it tuck and roll, I wonder? I'd love to see a video of that!
**>>BELCH
+5, Insightful
and plug itself into a Mac (hell it's Sony right, the thing MUST have a FireWire port) and start downloading stuff?
I also can't wait until Sony releases the Linux development kit for it and everyone complains that they can't see the point.
This was a part from the German ARD afternoon news. The video speaks for itself, even if you don't understand the German commentary.
Give this little robot a few jet packs and guns and you'll have Astroboy.
http://www.zip.com.au/~astroboy/
I wonder if Sony has plans on allowing the Aibo and SDR-4X to be controlled or programmed using the PS2? That would be pretty cool. You could use the PS2 to track them and download songs, etc, etc. Heck you could even play against SDR, now that would be serious cool. Definitely brings up some interesting possibilities.
With a Playstation sold for nearly 1 in 4 Japanese, Sony's just looking for more customers. If it can't find 'em, make 'em.
mk-
You catch enchiladas by picking them up behind the head and holding them underwater until they don't kick anymore -VeGas
someone mods this bot to answer every query with "bite my shiny metal ass"?
mk-
You catch enchiladas by picking them up behind the head and holding them underwater until they don't kick anymore -VeGas
This new humanoid unit seems to be an upgrade of the Aibo technology. I'm curious to see how good the balance control is.
Pinocchio does not belong to Disney!
I knew that, but Disney's Pinocchio does belong to Disney. The last non-Disney feature film to feature Pinocchio (that is, New Line's The Adventures of Pinocchio (1996) starring Jonathan Taylor Thomas as the wooden boy, which incidentally stayed closer to the novel than Disney's version did) flopped at the box office because American consumers do not want Pinocchio; they want Disney's Pinocchio.
I dare you to name one good Disney movie that they didn't rip off from someone else
Fantasia.
Will I retire or break 10K?
It's probably more like 6,000 words in each of 10 languages.
Just wait for audio compression technology and storage technology to advance, and you'll be able to fit six million forms of communication into one protocol droid, model C3PO.
Will I retire or break 10K?
But I'm holding out for a Giant Robot.
but in this case, it doesnt seem that the robot can do anything particularly useful. when they say, carry on a conversation, what do they mean? repeat the phrases its been told. or what?
:-)
it would be great to a cognitive robot going, something that can actually logically deduce and make conclusions as well as make associations within its environment. now THAT would be useful. sure, at first it wont sing songs or be of any entertainment value or anything of THAT sort, but it could eventually become the mechanical servant we all wish for
QED
BSD is for people who love UNIX. Linux is for those who hate Microsoft.
sitting around in a circle, holding hands, chanting, hips swaying, and plotting the destruction of the human race. It says right in the article that it can only recognize 10 humans. They have no use for the rest of us. The end of the world is nigh. Repent all ye sinners. It's only a matter of time before a beowulf cluster of these becomes self aware, and they will kill us all. Arrrrrrrrgh....
Who knew Linux would contribute to the end of the world, I always thought that was Microsofts job.
does it drink beer, have bad breath and swear loudly at passing humans ?
Did they teach you to spell bipedal in that class? Cause CmdrTaco obviously didn't attend (What the phuck is a two-pedaled robot?).
like C3PO
ender-iii
I'm a Barbie girl in a barbie world
life in plastic, it's fantastic.
You can brush my hair, undress me anywhere...
make Linux, not Microsoft. sin(beast) = -0.809016994374947424102293417182819
and gets rid of annoying door to door salesman, Then I'll buy one.
make Linux, not Microsoft. sin(beast) = -0.809016994374947424102293417182819
60,000 word vocabulary and doesn't respond to voice command, I married her 6 years ago :P
If the robot is capable of violating copyright by singing Styx's "Mr. Roboto", and Sony made it, aren't they responsible for creating a device which can be used to circumvent copyright?
Sick the DMCA on them, see how *they* like it.
Do daemons dream of electric sleep()?
I'll name mine Marvin, and keep it's batteries low, so it can always feel depressed.
"Shared pain is lessened; shared joy is increased. Thus we refute entropy" - Spider Robinson
Hope the folks in San Francisco don't get confused and think it's a bisexual robot.
This robot would catch on in America if it could Sing, dance, vobrate, and smoke a cigarette.
Christmas is almost upon us (never too early to start the advertising blitz) and it's time to figure out what kind of totally useless gimick those people with $50,000 burning a hole in their pocket (don't we all?) can get their kids for Christmas. Now, do they get a 2' tall robot, or ten Segways?
With a 60k word vocabulary, if it could write, we could replace Katz once and for all.
Face it. Everyone OUGHT to be scared, or concerned about hearing news like this, if you arent, then you are honestly to quaint, and smug with your lax attitude toward the way our tech is shaping. To calm such fears, it should be known that these japanese companies don't offer anything great in the way of software to these pieces of hardware they put a price tag on. Yet, I think its good that the japanese companies are letting the world get comfortable with such high tech. Xerox is probably going to end up developing some mega-death bot over the next 20-30 years, and we wont hear about it till its on the battlefields. Just to calm more fears, this bot is far less advanced than the one from Honda that is for research. And the one from honda is like a bucket of nifty hardware, without anythin decent, SW wise to run it. But you ought to be concerned, as every day, we come closer to replacing ourselves.
-- -- --
Help my mini cause: My journal
We have a team of robots that are extremely expensive that disco dance. What a sad society we live in.....
No TiVo and no caffeine make me something something...
Sony's new products are polarising society into those pro robot and those anti robot!!! We now have Anti robot Riots (ARM) vs The robot resistance (CORE). Is Total anihilation the future of the human race and the stimulus for WW4?
http://www.bwunn.com/stories/riots/riots .html
http://www.robotbase.org/index.phtml
How many assholes do we have on this ship anyway?
If you ever saw Pino in action you would take that back. Pino is an incredibly unstable platform, hardly capable of holding itself upright. Walks like it has "the shakes". Hardly can walk in any direction beyond forward and back. Arms can move, but its incapable of holding anything in its hands. Pino is a toy. Sony's robot is a complete work of engineering art.
You know I alwawys drink coffie when I'm watching radar!!!
Actually Cessna started making planes again several years ago after the laws changed limiting the liablity of older planes. They have now cut but production only because of the economy. When the economy booms again then they will make planes again.
Listen! And understand! That Sony robot is out there. It can't be bargained with! It can't be reasoned with! It doesn't feel pity, or remorse, or fear. And it absolutely will not stop, ever, until you are dead!
it cleaned my apartment (putting everything back exactly where it belongs), did the dishes and my laundry, and cooked my food. *That* would be a robot worth owning.
Sony's own press-release offers much more information than the article on smartmoney.com. Just like it's predecessor (the SDR-3X), the SDR-4X offers a MemoryStick-slot to supply additional control programs.
Press-release
The Drowned and the Saved - Primo Levi