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Speeding up Evolution

DaytonCIM writes ""We can rebuild him. Make him stronger... faster..." Slate.com has a great article on next generation gene research that promises to build "Supermen" or "Superwomen" out of us all. Insulin-like Growth Factor genes to make us stronger without ever visiting a weight room. EPO to generate more red blood cells and enable us to run "forever." Engineered human "Blood" to speed up evolution, so that we become less susceptible to disease and injury."

408 comments

  1. Born too late by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Interesting

    I love reading about this stuff, but I can't help but think it's going to benefit my unborn grandkids a lot more than it will ever help me. I wish cryogenicists would freeze LIVING people so I can come back in a couple centuries. That would be cool.

    1. Re:Born too late by josh+crawley · · Score: 4, Informative

      ---I wish cryogenicists would freeze LIVING people

      They'd die anyways. You know what happens to water when you freeze it? It expands. Now picture all of your water in your body being frozen. When unfroze, you'd be a mass of humany bony glop from all your cells rupturing.

      Now this MIGHT work if there was a sure fire way to replace water with a substance that was the similar size, similar weight, and didnt expand when frozen......

    2. Re:Born too late by dotgain · · Score: 1
      Now this MIGHT work if there was a sure fire way to replace water with a substance that was the similar size, similar weight, and didnt expand when frozen......

      And wasn't toxic!?
      You can't replace H20 in the living organism with anything else. We need it because it is H2O. Anything else as a basis for bodily fluids would poison us.

    3. Re:Born too late by EricTheMad · · Score: 5, Informative

      You know what happens to water when you freeze it? It expands.

      Water freezes differently depending on how it's frozen. If you freeze it slowly it forms a crystalline structure that takes up a significantly larger space than before. That expansion is what ruptures the cells. However, if the water is flash frozen it doesn't form into crystals and takes up approximately the same amount of space as when unfrozen. That means that the cells remain undamaged. Flash freezing is the technique that is used in human cryogenics.

      --
      -- Remember, we're not happy until you're not happy. -- Local FAA Inspector --
    4. Re:Born too late by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
      You can't replace H20 in the living organism with anything else. We need it because it is H2O. Anything else as a basis for bodily fluids would poison us.
      ... in your opinion. Maybe this is true for you, but the principles of Relativism teaches us that what might be true for you isn't necessarily true for the rest of us.
    5. Re:Born too late by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Only when it relates to time. Try again.

    6. Re:Born too late by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      There are plenty of ways to avoid crystal growth when freezing.

      It might be better if you actually STFW for cryogenics before you enlighten us with what your primary school science teacher had to say on the matter.

    7. Re:Born too late by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      So I'm assuming we can slash diabetics away from candidates for cryogenics

    8. Re:Born too late by j-pimp · · Score: 3, Informative

      Flash freezing works great for mice and suck, but I don't know of anyone that has successfully done it to large animals. The larger an animal is the longer it is going to retain its heat when immersed in something really cold. Now last time I looked into it, most scientists believed current people freezing methods are not good enough to prevent water from forming crystals. However, If you drop a gerbil in some liquid nitrogen and let it thaw out at room temperature chances are it will unfreeze and walk around.

      --
      --- Justin Dearing http://www.justaprogrammer.net/ We're just programmers.
    9. Re:Born too late by danila · · Score: 3, Informative

      "Cells do not burst as a result of freezing in almost all circumstances, because not only are animal cell walls generally elastic enough to accomodate a 10% expansion, but most of the ice is formed outside the cells." (The Immortalist, Nov-Dec 2002. Vol. 34, p. 5.)

      In addition, various techniques exist, such as perfusion with glycerol, that further reduce the freezing damage.

      "In [another method] vitrification more than 60% of the water inside cells is replaced by a mixture of cryoprotectant (antifreeze) compounds so that tissue does not freeze (or freezes negligibly) during cooling. Instead, below a temperature of -130 degrees Celsius, the tissue becomes a rigid glass with no ice crystal damage." (http://www.alcor.org/FAQs/index.htm, Alcor website, Frequently Asked Questions)

      --
      Future Wiki -- If you don't think about the future, you cannot have one.
    10. Re:Born too late by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      There are several animals that live through the freezing process not to mention that water freezes differently under different conditions.

      http://www.usatoday.com/news/science/wonderquest /2 001-07-11-frozen-frogs.htm

      I can't speak on cryogenics of today though I would bet that they take this into consideration.

    11. Re:Born too late by greenrd · · Score: 1
      That means that the cells remain undamaged. Flash freezing is the technique that is used in human cryogenics.

      Not all the cells, surely?

      What proportion of cells are damaged in the process?

    12. Re:Born too late by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      and space. and mass. try again, again.

    13. Re:Born too late by nounderscores · · Score: 1

      well, human cryogenics is usually the freezing of embryos, zygotes, eggs and sperm. I don't know the proportion that don't make it, but I'm pretty sure that a four cell embryo cant sustain very much damage and survive. ok maybe 75% losses worst case. Thawed out embryos still implant, and cryobabies are still born.

    14. Re:Born too late by nounderscores · · Score: 1

      I guess the solution would be to prepare by surgically implanting cooling tubes in our bodies to rapidly shoot liquid nitrogen through.

      that way we have more surface area to lose heat, and smaller volumes to cool.

      I guess the problem of removing the tubes can be left to future generations.

    15. Re:Born too late by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      relativism != relativity. Try, try again.

    16. Re:Born too late by rushiferu · · Score: 1

      Exactly, that is the first piece needed to "freeze" someone and be able to bring them back. Now the hard part is flash thawing them when you want to revive them. This will be much harder IMHO, but not impossible. Energy (i.e heat) can already be distributed to specific areas of the body without affecting the areas around it. Some surgeries to remove tumors are performed in this way. Several weak energy sources (rf, microwave, etc..) can be aimed at the target area from perpendicular angles in such a way that they interfere constructively (their energy is added), thus allowing surgeons to destroy a tumor in the brain without frying the surrounding neurons. When this tech is improved enough to allow variable amounts of heat to instantly heat each cell in the body at the same time (different types of cells will require different amounts) then reviving cryogenically frozen people to be revived safely...in theory at least. Your mileage my vary.

    17. Re:Born too late by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Why remove the tubes?
      They look cool.

    18. Re:Born too late by Kirsha · · Score: 1

      Maybe a good option would be to just extract and freeze the brain. Since it is smaller, its heat dissipation would be much quicker than trying to freeze the whole human bodies. After all, the brain is all you really need to keep, specially if in the future you can get a new body cloned and then get your brain defrosted and reinserted in the new body after its grown long enough. Hey, it could happen!

    19. Re:Born too late by j-pimp · · Score: 1

      Well the real prolem with all this is if you die and they freeze you, you get thawed out as a corpse. Once we solve the freezing people properly problem we still have more to do. Although, at the very least all this cooling technology might be useful for hardwae manufacturers.

      --
      --- Justin Dearing http://www.justaprogrammer.net/ We're just programmers.
    20. Re:Born too late by Tin+Weasil · · Score: 1

      Duh!
      It's called Carbonite! Where have you been?

    21. Re:Born too late by GeckoX · · Score: 1

      You're insisting that you stay alive while you are frozen?

      Chances are you're way past dead anyways at the point of freezing, otherwise why would you be frozen? If there was already a cure for your ailment, you wouldn't need freezing would you?

      Thus, it really doesn't matter if we replace the water in you with antifreeze, or a nice 180 proof whiskey or whatever does it?

      --
      No Comment.
  2. Khaaaaaan! by Chairboy · · Score: 4, Funny

    Of course, according to Star Trek, the Eugenics wars took place during the 1990s, so these supermen must already be among us. I'm sure that when the footage is de-classified, we'll all enjoy a bunch of fascinating documentaries on how these scientists already did their stuff back in the 70s....

    1. Re:Khaaaaaan! by nounderscores · · Score: 1

      It's called James Cameron's Dark Angel.

      How I wish they hadn't axed that show when James Cameron called for aprocalyptic plagues and multibillion dollar military hardware.

      I mean it had everything - a genetically modified superheroine, up to date politics, good creepy villains who had human sides to them. And pretty good science. To top it off, the final episode of season two features what I think might be a SAR 21 bullpup rifle for all the gun nuts out there.

      It even had a good explanation for the obligatory characters with funny foreheads which the makeup artists union make crop up in the story: they're modified humans which are used on "special missions" by a shadowy government agency.

      MOLE (to Luke): These Arctic Division guys. Always complaining.

      ARCTIC GUY (to Luke): Would you listen to him? With his little space heater over there.

      MOLE: When we took out Saddam, we did fifty clicks across the desert in one day.

      ARCTIC GUY: Siberian campaign, we did sixty clicks through the snow in one night.

      MOLE: I'm talking 115 degrees.

      ARCTIC GUY: Wind chill 30 below.

      MOLE: Baking sun.

      ARCTIC GUY: Driving snow.

      (They both look to Luke.)

      LUKE: What do I know? They designed me to dig trenches.

  3. Supermen or Superwomen? by telstar · · Score: 3, Funny

    Last time I checked Superman was in a wheelchair, and Supergirl had been cancelled by the WB.

    1. Re:Supermen or Superwomen? by buffer-overflowed · · Score: 2, Funny

      I'd rather be in a wheelchair than be cancelled by the WB.

      --
      The key to the enjoyment of pop music is to replace any instance of "love" with "C.H.U.D."
    2. Re:Supermen or Superwomen? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      HAHAAHHAHAH

      Mod the parent up! That's the first time I've ever actually laughed out loud at something on slashdot.

      That's classic.

    3. Re:Supermen or Superwomen? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Not to be a total geeker but there was no Supergirl show...ever.

      There was Birds of Prey starring Batgirl and a couple others. That got canned.

    4. Re:Supermen or Superwomen? by Evil+Adrian · · Score: 2, Funny

      There was a supergirl-esque porno movie... some girl giving a guy a BJ whilst flying over metropolis...

      --
      evil adrian
    5. Re:Supermen or Superwomen? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Ha ha. A fine actor is in a wheelchair. How funny. Ha ha. (under breath "sick fucks!!!")

    6. Re:Supermen or Superwomen? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Movie listings results for supergirl Go to TV Listings

      Supergirl
      1984, Adventure, PG
      Director: Jeannot Szwarc With: Faye Dunaway, Helen Slater, Peter O'Toole, Mia Farrow, Brenda Vaccaro, Peter Cook, Simon Ward, Marc McClure, Hart Bochner, David Healy

      Superman's cousin, Supergirl (Helen Slater) comes to Earth and is immediately embroiled in a fight against the evil forces of the jealous Selena (Faye Dunaway).

      Movie Database Matches: 1

    7. Re:Supermen or Superwomen? by Carnivorous+Carrot · · Score: 1

      Well, by "show", I'm sure he meant TV show.

      Most of us remember the movie. I actually saw it in the theaters.

      --
      "Has [being a kidnapped teenage girl, raped repeatedly for months] changed you?" - Katie Couric to Elizabeth Smart
    8. Re:Supermen or Superwomen? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Dude, it was a joke... It doesn't have to be true...

    9. Re:Supermen or Superwomen? by RighteousFunby · · Score: 1

      I remember seeing that on The Fantasy Channel... Superdong? =D

  4. In the year 2000! by binary_life · · Score: 5, Funny

    In the year 2000, genetic enhancements will make everyone look super beautiful, the downside being everyone will look exactly like one another. Ahhh... Don't you love conan obrien?

    1. Re:In the year 2000! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Actually, I find him repetitive and boring. I mean, *EVERY* *DAMN* *NIGHT* it's the same fucking 'our show is really bad' and his un-funny 'what was that? The joke started off bad, the crowd went huh?'-type crap.
      Letterman's the same.

    2. Re:In the year 2000! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Cohen the who?

  5. jocks by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

    " Steroids raise cancer risk, promote impotence, and cause mood changes."

    Yeah but the muscles pull the chicks!

    1. Re:jocks by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Funny

      ...That you can't do anything with because you've become impotent. This is the true cause of 'roid rage.

  6. Lack of diversity can kill us. by gpinzone · · Score: 4, Insightful

    ...and when we change all our DNA to be coded a certain way, we'll find some strange illness that affects what would have been 0.02% of the opulation now threatens to wipe out mankind.

    1. Re:Lack of diversity can kill us. by telstar · · Score: 4, Funny
      "...and when we change all our DNA to be coded a certain way, we'll find some strange illness that affects what would have been 0.02% of the opulation now threatens to wipe out"
      • We've already got large sectors of the population randomly leaving the letter "P" out of words...
    2. Re:Lack of diversity can kill us. by dollargonzo · · Score: 4, Insightful

      susceptablity has little to do with *how* DNA is coded. any given gene or allele can provide resistance to a given disease, and as long as there are differences, some people will be susceptible differenly than others. really the only way to eliminate diversity to the point where diseases might affect the entire population is to have *very* few people in the population. unless you specifically change a gene that provides resistant to a certain disease, nothing will change. a lack of diversity is bad, yes...but it would need to be pretty extreme to have a significant effect.

      --
      BSD is for people who love UNIX. Linux is for those who hate Microsoft.
    3. Re:Lack of diversity can kill us. by wcbarksdale · · Score: 2, Funny

      Sure it's not a "C"?

    4. Re:Lack of diversity can kill us. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      it takes the C to make the P

    5. Re:Lack of diversity can kill us. by farnerup · · Score: 1

      We've already got large sectors of the population randomly leaving the letter "P" out of words... Not "c" then?

    6. Re:Lack of diversity can kill us. by synaptik · · Score: 1

      Ah, but it also takes the P to make the C. Chicken and Egg.

      --
      HSJ$$*&#^!#+++ATH0
      NO CARRIER
    7. Re:Lack of diversity can kill us. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Interesting

      wrong. some diseases are caused by genes which protect against other diseases. eliminating the allele that causes sickle cell anemia would eliminate from our gene pool an allele which is malaria-resistant.

    8. Re:Lack of diversity can kill us. by Thing+1 · · Score: 1
      We've already got large sectors of the population randomly leaving the letter "P" out of words...

      One of my favorite nursery-school jokes: Johnny is reciting the alphabet, and says "abcdefghijklmnoqrstuvwxyz". Teacher asks "Johnny, where is the 'P'?" Johnny replies, "Running down my legs."

      --
      I feel fantastic, and I'm still alive.
    9. Re:Lack of diversity can kill us. by wcbarksdale · · Score: 1

      There is a possibility for a great rap somewhere here.

    10. Re:Lack of diversity can kill us. by dollargonzo · · Score: 1

      that is not entirely true. the sickle cell allele is only resistant in the heterozygous form, so much of the population actually doesn't have the allele present.

      --
      BSD is for people who love UNIX. Linux is for those who hate Microsoft.
  7. And where.. by josh+crawley · · Score: 0

    Do we go to sign up for research on this? I'd go for 'enhancement'.

    Some of the stuff makes me uneasy, but there's a cost to everything.

    1. Re:And where.. by quintessent · · Score: 2, Funny

      Just check your e-mail in-box. Your spam filter has probably been inadvertantly deleting messages that explain how to get enhancements.

    2. Re:And where.. by josh+crawley · · Score: 4, Funny

      ---Just check your e-mail in-box.

      (checking).....(done)

      Well, I've got a very high potential of increasing penis and breast size. And if I act now, I'll get double the 'supplements'.

  8. Superman? In whose eyes? by euxneks · · Score: 5, Funny

    He can code large masses of programs with a single keystroke, Absorb boxes of pizza with nary a thought, never shaves for days on end! It's... Internet boy!.. Genetically modified so that... oh.. wait.. we already have people like that...

    --
    in girum imus nocte et consumimur igni
    1. Re:Superman? In whose eyes? by Julian+Morrison · · Score: 1

      Actually you hit the nail on the had there IMO. Genetics potentially extends private choice to heredity. All the lefty types are terrified of it lest everyone churn out Barbie and Ken replicas. But as per usual they ignore the importance of the individual's choice. Even with totally unregulated private-individual genetic tinkering, the individual differences as to what constitutes "super" would become the source of diversity.

    2. Re:Superman? In whose eyes? by nounderscores · · Score: 4, Insightful

      The lefty types, being the minority, are scared not in spite of choice, but because of it.

      How many parents in America want a brunette child with a stocky figure in a girl? I'm not sure if you're a parent yourself. If you are I'm pretty hopeful that you would tell me that you wouldn't trade your baby for anything. But suppose you were not a parent yet, but about to become one. the doctor shows you a gattaca style menu of possible babies and one of them is the cookycutter bobbie model from snowcrash. And you think to yourself "Nobody will ever call her fat. Or demean her for her appearance. She will fit in in every way. And there's no way in hell I'm going to chose the one with glasses."

      And thus, in nine months time, you look down your street at the identical babies in identical prams being pushed out of identical houses into identical ford broncos and realise that the Madison Avenue types who booked 30 seconds during the superbowl outsmarted all of you... except the family down the street who are new here and could only afford a No-Diseases package.

      Now imagine if that was true, imagine what it would be like if you were the only UNmodified girl in your class. Would the teasing over being different get easier, or worse? Imagine if your parents had modified you for brains rather than looks and the side effects involved a hairy neck and small horn-like protrusions on your forehead.

      Never underestimate the herd mentality. You'll find as many barbies walking the streets as there are people drinking coke today. The pepsi generation will be populated entirley by ken.

      God help those whoes parents decided to choose something unpopular or obscure, because your birth-body is one thing you can't throw away when it becomes unfashionable.

    3. Re:Superman? In whose eyes? by Carnivorous+Carrot · · Score: 2, Funny

      > How many parents in America want a brunette
      > child with a stocky figure in a girl?

      More likely the waif look would fall by the wayside as every girl now will have an iron tight, thin waist but wide, doorway scraping hips and a full round ass. (Not to mention full, bicycle inner tube-sized lips and heavy, pendulous D-sized breasts with dark, 6" diameter areolae "ah-REE-oh-lay".)

      May I quote from Holy Writ?

      "I like big butts,
      And I cannot lie.
      You other brothers
      Can't deny
      When a girl walks in
      With an itty bitty waist
      And a round thing in your face
      You get sprung."

      --
      "Has [being a kidnapped teenage girl, raped repeatedly for months] changed you?" - Katie Couric to Elizabeth Smart
    4. Re:Superman? In whose eyes? by The+J+Kid · · Score: 1

      He can code large masses of programs with a single keystroke

      Whoa !

      *ducks*

      --
      Moderation: +4. Modded 70% Funny and 30% Overrated. 100% Saturated.
    5. Re:Superman? In whose eyes? by aswang · · Score: 1
      But this scenario already exists. People have been making fun and harassing people who are different since time immemorial. People have been discriminating against others who are genetic variants long before we even knew what DNA was. Just ask any person of color living in the U.S. (And ask any person of color whether they would be interested in giving birth to a blonde, blue-eyed child, too.)

      Obviously not everyone will be able to afford getting modified. There will be billions of people who will go on reproducing without the benefit of gengineering, even in developed nations. Even if for some sick reason the government mandated that everyone had to be modified for the purposes of public health, the way that we mandate vaccinations now, how likely is it that absolutely everyone will comply? I think personal appearance, in the future, as it is now, will still be an indirect indicator of economic status.

      Also, we are forgetting the enormous impact of environment. Despite having the technology to do so, we frequently fail to prevent in utero disease processes. (How much more likely are we going to have difficultly controlling every single complication that our modifications will introduce?) Imagine ordering the "perfect" DNA sequence for your child, only to have it scrambled by cytomegalovirus, which is as rampant as the common cold and just as preventable. Or when you have that Barbie child, and she gets a reaction from the chickenpox vaccine that many states are now mandating for all schoolchildren, she keeps scratching her lesions, and eventually develops scars. Or maybe she ends up surviving a building fire or a car crash. No amount of gengineering will easily reverse these appearance altering circumstances.

    6. Re:Superman? In whose eyes? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Imagine if your parents had modified you for brains rather than looks and the side effects involved a hairy neck and small horn-like protrusions on your forehead.

      That is exactly how I felt in high school! I knew my parents were to blame!!

    7. Re:Superman? In whose eyes? by nounderscores · · Score: 1

      Exactly my contention:

      Putting the power to manipulate genes into the hands of the consumer is going to radically alter the genetic balance in the population which uses it.

      There will be creative people, holdouts and pockets of resistance but (unless the technology is and remains prohibitively expensive, which is unlikely due to moore's law and its easy application to this technology) most people are going to just go with the flow and choose the baby that their neighbour wants.

      Maybe racial pride might prevent wholesale conversion to the one genotype, but even then you might get people choosing children who look like idealised visions of their race... or weigh 350 pounds, are smart as hell and are built like bulls so that nobody will give them a hard time.

      Ultimately I worry for the minority, especially the children of eccentric parents. In the past, there was oceans of weird and wonderful people to hide in. In the future, conformity may make discrimination far more extreme than it has ever been before.

      Just ask the only coloured person moving into an all white town.

    8. Re:Superman? In whose eyes? by aswang · · Score: 1
      I assume that you've never been a parent. (And neither have I, but you deal with a lot of parents in pediatrics, especially in the nursery. I admit, I've only been doing this for a few months, but bear with me....) I really don't think a baby's appearance is as commodifiable as the color of a car, or the size of your television screen. A lot of people (not just people of color) have a stake in having their children look like them. Otherwise, what's the point? Why have your own kids? Why not just have some other people's kids? (Not to mention the fact, how would you know that they even are your kids, if they don't look like you?)

      Add to this the fact that the U.S. is (despite the separation of church and state) a pretty religious place (just listen to W the next time he has a press conference) and it makes me think that it is unlikely that everyone will whimsically change the characteristics of their kid just to conform. There are easier ways to conform, and to make your kids conform, than to muck around with DNA.

      Finally, even if the technology is ubiquitous, you still have to make people go to these places and adhere to the regimens of genetic engineering. I mean, even today, ultrasound is ubiquitous, as are multivitamins, but you couldn't bribe some people into getting prenatal care, you could give them stuff for free, and they won't use it. And not necessarily because of any strong beliefs but sometimes because of sheer laziness, or different priorities (I mean, some people need to make money, instead of going to a doctor's appointment.) Imagine, these things that don't require invasive procedures, proven by scientific studies to give concrete advantages to newborns, often subsidized by the government, and people still say no.

      That being said, I will not be at all surprised when designer babies are offered to the market. Yes, I agree, some people will absolutely jump at the chance. Probably the same people who get silicone implants and botox injections. Yes, vanity is pervasive in our consumerist culture, but it doesn't necessarily infect everyone.

    9. Re:Superman? In whose eyes? by Julian+Morrison · · Score: 1

      The lefty types, being the minority, are scared not in spite of choice, but because of it.

      Never said otherwise. That is, after all, the default reaction of said types.

      Yes, free choice in genetics would lead to one generation of barbie-kens. One, no more, because from that point on mere perfect-ten beauty would be just an item on a checklist. It would be originality that would be at a premium.

      Standard market mechanism - what's rare or hard to get is valued above what's common or trivial.

    10. Re:Superman? In whose eyes? by rushiferu · · Score: 1

      Yeah, but the "Super Internet Boy 2.0" can play Everquest for week on end before falling over dead instead of days like the current version.

    11. Re:Superman? In whose eyes? by jeff4747 · · Score: 1

      Actually, if we could totally maniuplate DNA, then we could use that to grow new skin to cover any scars.

      Yeah, a burn victum would be scarred for a while, but we could get their skin to grow "normally" so that the scars totally fade away.

    12. Re:Superman? In whose eyes? by nounderscores · · Score: 1

      Good points. I was being a bit extreme with the identical babies and ford broncos image.

      I imagine that the thin end of the wedge would be a lot more subtle: In australia, deaf rights people are in a terrible debate over selective abortion. No child that learns sign while hearing will ever speak it as a first language. You could argue that the deaf are a people unto themselves and native sign speakers who are prevented from bearing deaf children are undergoing a genocide of sorts. concerns like this are echoed around the world.

      It's possible that genetic drift may change directions and whole kinds of people who would have survived under normal breeding would be annihiliated by fashion and popular taste.

      After all, something as trivial as a nose can be an important cultural marker of identity. Many people have nosejobs. It's a ritual in some families. Imagine if that family was offered the promise of no wadding ever again, if they had their germline altered so that the very genes which had been passed down from their ancestors would be replaced by genes from somebody with a smaller nose?

      The death of a culture need not be dramatic, nor swift.

      The only solution to this that I can see is to bank the genomes of everybody on the planet, and hope that we can record their cultures on paper as fast as possible. Maybe resurect their people at a later date...

      But you're right, even if the preservation process was free, not eveybody would go for it.

      And if the enhancement process was cheap and painless, then it might prove very popular indeed.

    13. Re:Superman? In whose eyes? by nounderscores · · Score: 1

      Not really, when lefty types hear that there are more people coming to the commune, they tend to react with jubilation.

      What the lefty types are afraid of is this: The first generation of barbie-kens will unify with their GM skin as their uniform, smash said lefty types into bits and then start wasting resources squabbling amongst themselves about how their super enhanced (and possibly tusked, horned, sleepless and photosynthetic) babies are so original.

      Result? You could see unity based on superficial similarities, and a distinct lack of regard for making sure that the lifesaving technology of genetic disease prevention or old age genetic enhancement reaches all sectors of society - And that includes people who worked all day and all night in a commodity market like farming just so that you can go down to the supermarket and buy fresh vegitables.

      The leftys are afraid because more often than not, it's not stupid people who end up poor. It's the people who get trapped in industries which we need to be low cost - food production, mining, cleaning, security, transportation, manual labour. Eventually we will replace human labour with machines, but if you've ever been laid off you know how hard it is to adjust to a new workplace in the same industry, let alone reskill from industries as different as horse breeding and webdesign.

      We need these people to do these jobs (Jobs, I might add, that are soon to vanish)for next to nothing so that we can do our high-tech high-touch jobs and enjoy the lifestyles that we do. We also make going to college something that our parents had to plan from before we were born, so that we can keep whole family lines in these low paid commodity jobs simply by setting the pay+tips just on par with the cost of living, so it's impossible to save for the future unless you're willing to sacrifice your family line to give your nephew or niece a chance. If they start to get out of hand, we can market to them something to suck up the cash, while giving them a minimal return (like cars that depreciate as they're driven off the lot and then break down, or fashionable shoes that go out of fashion).

      In the future of unbridled modification of children, or radical modification of existing humans, we might have fashionable mods to one's body which become "so 2015" in 2016, and then need to be upgraded with more mods. In the past a poor person with a good body could get ahead. Just look at tito ortiz. Now, skip the stuff about the donations, bottom line is that an athletic person can make good from a poor background in a world where bodies are random, and the rich blood can run thin.

      Add gm mods to the mix, and suddenly the rich kids are titans.

      The lefties are afraid that this will turn into an arms race of bodily modification, and will seal off the last few avenues for the poor to become rich, beyond religeon and outright war.

      Fortunately, it might be possible to do gm mods underground. But I worry about who to trust in the black clinics of chiba.

  9. Godwin's Law in 3...2...1... by Qinopio · · Score: 0

    Seriously, this stuff is cool.

    I'm holding out for the adamantium skeleton, though...

    --
    __________
    [Big Brick Wall]
    1. Re:Godwin's Law in 3...2...1... by Jhon · · Score: 2, Insightful

      But this is what HITLER tried to do!

      Guess this is the end of the discussion, huh? heh.

    2. Re:Godwin's Law in 3...2...1... by Carnivorous+Carrot · · Score: 1

      > I'm holding out for the adamantium skeleton, though...

      I'm sorry, but the only reason Wolverine isn't dead already is because he's a major character and therefore won't be killed.

      How to Kill Wolverine (Spiderman-level strength and higher):

      1. Grab by ankles
      2. Swing like bat into brick wall
      3. Pour brains out earhole

      Hulk/Thing level strength:
      1. Flick in head with finger
      2. Jump straight to #3.

      You know, the last few months I've had an itchy trigger finger to go buy a Hulk or Fantastic Four. They have no fights anymore. The past few issues, which I quick-scanned, had no significant battle scenes. And they wonder why no one is buying "core" Marvel anymore?

      --
      "Has [being a kidnapped teenage girl, raped repeatedly for months] changed you?" - Katie Couric to Elizabeth Smart
  10. hmmm... by daitengu · · Score: 5, Interesting

    oh great, everyone lives longer (or forever), the planet becomes over-crowded, and we haven't invented interstellar travel.

    Can anyone else see where this is going?

    1. Re:hmmm... by MoronGames · · Score: 5, Funny

      The obvious solution would be to find new and exciting ways to murder people!

      --
      hey!
    2. Re:hmmm... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Funny
      On the plus side, countries that are more technologically advanced have falling birth rates.

      Ideally, we should only allow someone to live forever if they are sterile, is that a good trade off?

    3. Re:hmmm... by MoronGames · · Score: 1

      Decisions, decisions...

      --
      hey!
    4. Re:hmmm... by Guppy06 · · Score: 1

      "On the plus side, countries that are more technologically advanced have falling birth rates."

      The third most populous country is a very notable exception.

    5. Re:hmmm... by $$$$$exyGal · · Score: 0

      Ironically, the longer people live, the faster they will die?

      --
      Very popular slashdot journal for adul
    6. Re:hmmm... by delong · · Score: 1

      No worries dude. World population is due to SHRINK after 2050:

      http://www.nytimes.com/2003/03/08/opinion/08WATT .h tml

      Derek

    7. Re:hmmm... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Oh great, everyone lives longer (or forever), the planet becomes over-crowded, and we haven't invented interstellar travel. But if we could make our genes so perfect (to be immortal of natural causes), we could also set up our genes to make us really intelligent. This could speed up the process of science, thus shortening the amount of time before we figure out how to do interplanetary travel without a hassle.

    8. Re:hmmm... by zephc · · Score: 1

      Hey I've already consumed enough Mnt Dew to ensure my sterility, where do I sign up?

      --
      "I would say that 99 per cent of what my father has written about his own life is false." - L. Ron Hubbard Jr.
    9. Re:hmmm... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Oh great, everyone lives longer (or forever), the planet becomes over-crowded, and we haven't
      invented interstellar travel.


      But if we could make our genes so perfect (to be
      immortal of natural causes), we could also set up our genes to make us really intelligent. This could speed up the process of science, thus shortening the amount of time before we figure out how to do interplanetary travel without a hassle.

    10. Re:hmmm... by MWoody · · Score: 1

      A decreased drive towards reproduction brought on by decreasing space and an absense of the offspring-inducing fear of mortality?

    11. Re:hmmm... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
      Can anyone else see where this is going?
      Some Vulcans come visit us and make a movie called Planet of the Apes?
    12. Re:hmmm... by G-funk · · Score: 1

      Mmmmm, soylent green

      --
      Send lawyers, guns, and money!
    13. Re:hmmm... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The third most populous country is an exception due to its immigration; and thus is not an example that negates the point made by the fellow you are responding to. get it? got it? good!

    14. Re:hmmm... by Jack+Zombie · · Score: 1

      Can anyone else see where this is going?

      Yes, into tighter birth control laws, better management of available resources and the legalization of abortion. Don't forget that people like Paul Ehrlich and Lester Brown also (wrongly) predicted a global catastrophe caused by population growth during the 1960s and early 1970s -- and they still continue to publish books containing predictions of global disaster due to overpopulation nowadays.

      Don't understimate humanity.

      --
      "You should never doubt what nobody is sure about." -- Willy Wonka
    15. Re:hmmm... by Tyreth · · Score: 1

      Imagine if all the great scientific minds of today, plus all the new born people, did not die. How much more knowledge could we have? I think travelling to other planets at least is nearby.

      Besides, earth is not that crowded, only at certain locations. We have enough resources for many things but we just don't use it efficiently.

    16. Re:hmmm... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I suggest the Logan's Run solution: carousel.

    17. Re:hmmm... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Nice test bed, Iraq

    18. Re:hmmm... by Spoing · · Score: 1
      oh great, everyone lives longer (or forever), the planet becomes over-crowded, and we haven't invented interstellar travel.

      Can anyone else see where this is going?

      Er...another Sid Meyer's game?

      --
      A firewall can not protect you from yourself. Turn off what you do not need. Do not use the firewall to do your work.
    19. Re:hmmm... by Carnivorous+Carrot · · Score: 2, Interesting

      > the planet becomes over-crowded

      Actually, the concept of overcrowing is an invalid one borne of images of starving 3rd world nations. A world of a hundred billion, if a free world, would be a wonderous one at that. Imagine the rate of techonological development.

      --
      "Has [being a kidnapped teenage girl, raped repeatedly for months] changed you?" - Katie Couric to Elizabeth Smart
    20. Re:hmmm... by Carnivorous+Carrot · · Score: 1

      Julian Simon destroyed Erlich, but, like a seductive psychic who still bilks the public, he remains around years, hell, decades after his debunking.

      --
      "Has [being a kidnapped teenage girl, raped repeatedly for months] changed you?" - Katie Couric to Elizabeth Smart
    21. Re:hmmm... by mailseth · · Score: 1

      The obvious solution would be to find new and exciting ways to murder people!
      Have no fear, in my country, we call that foreign policy!

    22. Re:hmmm... by Carnivorous+Carrot · · Score: 1

      Actually, I prefer the other solution from Logan's Run: sex networks

      --
      "Has [being a kidnapped teenage girl, raped repeatedly for months] changed you?" - Katie Couric to Elizabeth Smart
    23. Re:hmmm... by Kaz+Riprock · · Score: 1

      Soylent Green....is PEOPLE!!

      --
      Mordor...a magical, mythical land where women are more rare than dragons--but where every man would rather find a dragon
    24. Re:hmmm... by Galvatron · · Score: 1

      As long as people don't live forever, it's not such a big problem. An extension in lifespan will cause a one time population boost, but when those people do start dying, they'll die off just as fast as they would have with a shorter lifespan. What's really important for long term population growth is family size and age of parents at conception (a culture where people have kids at 16 will grow twice as fast as one where they start at 32). Since the former's been falling and the latter's been growing in every industrialized country, I think we'll be alright.

      --
      "The question of whether a computer can think is no more interesting than that of whether a submarine can swim" -EWD
    25. Re:hmmm... by DarkAce911 · · Score: 1

      Actualy you may have something there. The military would love to have high endurance runners with a WWF build that can go without sleep for weeks. The field testing will be done in the Military. Fighter pilots with faster reaction time and better eyesight. The US army is already doing RK for the eyes for anyone who wants it.

    26. Re:hmmm... by Agripa · · Score: 1

      Plague, war, and famine are natural methods of population control.

  11. Article not readable in Mozilla by taleman · · Score: 1

    Seems the article can not be read in Mozilla, at least not without cookies.

    Mozilla 1.0
    Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux i686; en-US; rv:1.0.0) Gecko/20020623 Debian/1.0.0-0.woody.1

    1. Re:Article not readable in Mozilla by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I'm running mozilla on win xp and the article shows up fine.
      Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.3a) Gecko/20030102 Phoenix/0.5

    2. Re:Article not readable in Mozilla by taleman · · Score: 1

      I could read it with Galeon on this same machine. I allowed cookies in Galeon.

      galeon 1.2.5

    3. Re:Article not readable in Mozilla by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Loaded just fine for me using Phoenix...

  12. More muscle = More trouble ? by $$$$$exyGal · · Score: 3, Interesting
    The article talks about:

    Bodybuilding for Couch Potatoes...

    Now geeks everywhere will all be able to carry a 24 inch CRT under each arm from one side of the building to the other ;-). Seriously, though, this could be a bad thing. If you just wake up one day, and you are super-strong, you are gonna screw stuff up. Maybe you'll break someone's hand (ala a Star Trek The Next Generation episode when some guy takes over Data's body), or you are just going to generally screw up your super-muscles. You'll probably still never exercise, and end up pulling your super-strong muscles (which will probably hurt more, because there is more mass).

    --
    Very popular slashdot journal for adul
    1. Re:More muscle = More trouble ? by fiftyfly · · Score: 1

      the article talks about:

      Bodybuilding for Couch Potatoes...

      Now geeks everywhere will all be able to carry a 24 inch CRT under each arm from one side of the building to the other ;-). Seriously, though, this could be a bad thing. If you just wake up one day, and you are super-strong, you are gonna screw stuff up. Maybe you'll break someone's hand (ala a Star Trek The Next Generation episode when some guy takes over Data's body), or you are just going to generally screw up your super-muscles. You'll probably still never exercise, and end up pulling your super-strong muscles (which will probably hurt more, because there is more mass).


      well.... I'm pretty sure that a little gene therapy to increase, incrementaly, one's tendancy to build muscle prob isn't going to make bruce banners out of anybody. If you break your arm, spend 6 weeks in a cast, get it off it's highly unlikely you're gonna be crushing other peoples hands in 2 days because all of a sudden your grip is stronger then it's been in nearly 2 months.

      --
      "Sanity is not statistical", George Orwell, "1984"
    2. Re:More muscle = More trouble ? by rhyno46 · · Score: 1

      I believe the article discussed as much as 25% increases. I would expect some dis-coordination, however I severely doubt you would break someones hand. You would have to be fairly strong already to see a "huge" gain in strength. While a man who can bench-press 200 lbs. will move up to 250, the man who can bench-press 100 lbs. will only move up to 125 lbs. That is hardly a large enough change for either man to carry 24" CRTs under each arm.

  13. Oh *THAT* Evolution... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I thought you meant Ximian Evolution. Now speeding up that Evolution would be special :)

  14. We're gonna need new bayesian filters by 1nv4d3r · · Score: 5, Funny

    I never thought I'd see the day when only two of these were spam, and the others were actual opportunities of a lifetime.

    "Make your penis 3 inches longer."
    "Grow Muscle Mass without exercise."
    "Horny cheerleaders wet 4 u"
    "Run virtually forever without breaking a sweat."

    Good luck to the SPAM Assassin folks if I can't tell the difference.

    1. Re:We're gonna need new bayesian filters by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Funny

      If I'm reading the article correctly, in point of fact, ALL of these can be made possible with the correct gene mods. Arguably, you might need to get the cheerleaders to undergo the mod at the same time, but it could work..

    2. Re:We're gonna need new bayesian filters by HiThere · · Score: 1

      But the point of a bayesian filter is to adjust things to suit you. So you filter out the messages that you choose to filter out.

      That said, in this projection the mods can only be applied prior to gestation. You're thinking of something more like the "bio-sculpture" from Samuel DeLaney's Babel-17. (Not unreasonable, it's a logical development from plastic surgery. But sort of off topic.)

      --

      I think we've pushed this "anyone can grow up to be president" thing too far.
    3. Re:We're gonna need new bayesian filters by robson · · Score: 1
      I never thought I'd see the day when only two of these were spam, and the others were actual opportunities of a lifetime.

      "Make your penis 3 inches longer."
      "Grow Muscle Mass without exercise."
      "Horny cheerleaders wet 4 u"
      "Run virtually forever without breaking a sweat."
      Amen, brother. I can't wait for genetic tech to create an entire race of horny cheerleaders wet 4 me.

      Wait... which two were you talking about...?
  15. Nazis... by Joseph+Wharton · · Score: 3, Informative

    Isn't this the sort of thing that the Nazis were working on back during World War II?

    --
    Quality or Quantity, don't tell me they're the same.
    1. Re:Nazis... by Daniel+Dvorkin · · Score: 4, Informative

      No. Genetic engineering != eugenics. They're two completely different ideas.

      --
      The correlation between ignorance of statistics and using "correlation is not causation" as an argument is close to 1.
    2. Re:Nazis... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful
      Nazis also were working on building rockets back during World War II. Does that mean no one should build rockets?

      And anyways, what they were doing was not genetic engineering. Hell, DNA wasn't discovered until 1953.

    3. Re:Nazis... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      This is a tired, spurious argument. The Nazi's also believed in family values, so are family values evil as well?

      Now in my opinion, the problem with the Nazi's, in regards to "Supermen", was not that they wanted to improve people, rather that:
      1) Their "improvements" were arbitrary. (i.e. blond hair, blue eyes)
      2) They wanted to exterminate non-supermen, rather than helping them along.

    4. Re:Nazis... by Noehre · · Score: 4, Informative

      Actually, Eugenics programs started in the United Stated and culminated with the forced sterilization laws found in many areas.

      The Nazis got the idea from Americans.

    5. Re:Nazis... by Joseph+Wharton · · Score: 1

      I didn't say that we shouldn't use a technology just because the Nazis used it first, I simply asked if this was the sort of thing that they tried (not genetic engineering, attempting to speed up evolution). So, please forgive me for my ignorance. Science was never my strongest subject in school.

      --
      Quality or Quantity, don't tell me they're the same.
    6. Re:Nazis... by Brian+Stretch · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Actually, Eugenics programs started in the United Stated and culminated with the forced sterilization laws found in many areas. The Nazis got the idea from Americans.

      Sadly, that is partially true. See The Pivot of Civilization by Margaret Sanger, with introduction by none other than H.G. Wells. From the appendix:

      "STERILIZATION of the insane and feebleminded and the encouragement of this operation upon those afflicted with inherited or transmissible diseases, with the understanding that sterilization does not deprive the individual of his or her sex expression, but merely renders him incapable of producing children.

      EDUCATIONAL: The program of education includes: The enlightenment of the public at large, mainly through the education of leaders of thought and opinion--teachers, ministers, editors and writers--to the moral and scientific soundness of the principles of Birth Control and the imperative necessity of its adoption as the basis of national and racial progress.

      POLITICAL AND LEGISLATIVE: To enlist the support and cooperation of legal advisers, statesmen and legislators in effecting the removal of state and federal statutes which encourage dysgenic breeding, increase the sum total of disease, misery and poverty and prevent the establishment of a policy of national health and strength."

      I've only read Wells' intro and the appendix, fwiw. In all fairness to Sanger, Hitler added more than a few ideas of his own, but the National Socialists did use her writings as a starting point.

  16. "Speeding Up Evolution" by RovingSlug · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Speeding up evolution means lots of mutations and lots of death of everything not better. Mucking around with the genome is not evolution, it's just mucking around with the genome. Blah...

    1. Re:"Speeding Up Evolution" by hype7 · · Score: 2, Funny

      and it's also important to remember, you end up with two distinct classes of hyper-evolved beings: the good guys, led by Professor X, and the evil mutants, led by Magneto.

    2. Re:"Speeding Up Evolution" by JanusFury · · Score: 2, Funny

      And the women all have big breasts, oddly colored hair, and wear little to no clothing! I love evolution, don't you?

      --
      using namespace slashdot;
      troll::post();
    3. Re:"Speeding Up Evolution" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Actually, "mucking around with the genome" is evolution if it's done on a medium or large scale. As any sophomore science student could tell you, evolution is a change in allele frequency. Basically, if 25% of the population has genes that encode for blue eyes, then five years later 20% of the population has those genes evolution has happened. Doesn't matter what caused the shift in expressed traits.

    4. Re:"Speeding Up Evolution" by Trinition · · Score: 1

      I strongly disagree.

      Here's my view. If we've evolved to evolve ourselves, then we're just evolutions way of evolving faster. Of course, we're just an ongoing experiement, as is all evolution. We continue on our path of faster eovlution until we fail. Until we fail, we're successful by reason of our existence.

      Suppose we're smart and we make small modifications very carefully and imrpove our bodies and our population survives. That means evolution has crossed under the generational boundary necessary to pass on mutations because we can pro-actively spread them within generations. We've then been a good experiment for evolution because we've successfully figured out how to experiment faster without ending ourselves.

      On the other hand, if it turns out our brains were laden with too much greed and we chose some very short-sighted changes, we could end up wiping ourselves out. Evolution's experiment with us will have failed, and all that will be left will be the slower-evolving animals who must mate to pass on genes.

      The interesting part is, we're a pretty unpredictable experiment because we can sit here and debate this. We don't even know what we'll do next. Maybe we'll invent weapons powerful enough to destory everything on the planet. Oh wait, we already did and we somehow managed to not kill ourselves. Maybe our primitive self-preservation instinct is stronger than our stupidity. If so, it saved us once and hopefully will save us from evolving ourselves out of existence.

    5. Re:"Speeding Up Evolution" by Planesdragon · · Score: 3, Insightful

      The interesting part is, we're a pretty unpredictable experiment because we can sit here and debate this.

      PLEASE tell me that you're not anthromorphosizeing evolution!

      Humanity is no more or less predictable than any other species on the planet. We just happen to have intelligence, which makes us far more "fit" to a variety of changing climes than any other creature on the planet--barring, maybe, cockroaches.

      Considering our species an "experiment" linguistically supposes some other sentient force--either the Almighty God, a neo-pagan manifestsation of nature, or some random aliens. If you didn't mean to say this, then please don't phrase your words like you do.

      (And if you DID mean to say it--what's to say that we're not going to be due for another intervention?)

    6. Re:"Speeding Up Evolution" by Carnivorous+Carrot · · Score: 1

      And you'll be able to put your seven 2-foot penises in any one of her 18 holes. Yes, the future is looking mighty bright indeed!

      --
      "Has [being a kidnapped teenage girl, raped repeatedly for months] changed you?" - Katie Couric to Elizabeth Smart
    7. Re:"Speeding Up Evolution" by HiThere · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Yes. They don't really mean "speeding up evolution", but rather "genetic engineering". We're still headed that way quite quickly.

      N.B.: This doesn't mean that evolution stops. It just changes the ground rules a bit. But evolution is a slow process, and before it can have much effect this will be POTENT STUFF. But evolution applies to everything from sub-atomic particles to galaxy-clusters, and everything in between. The details of how it operates change a bit as you change your perspective from area to area, but the general concept always applies. It's closely tied into entropy, and it's nearly as basic (is does require that there be differences between things, and that somethings can transform into other things [e.g., a neutron a proton + an electron a hydrogen atom -- but I left out that neutrino!, so the example is over simplified].). As a catch-phrase you could say "The survival of the most stable."

      --

      I think we've pushed this "anyone can grow up to be president" thing too far.
    8. Re:"Speeding Up Evolution" by KalvinB · · Score: 1

      Scientists messing with genetics is intelligent design.

      Ben

    9. Re:"Speeding Up Evolution" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Scientists messing with genetics is intelligent design.

      Or idiotic design, it varies from scientist to scientist.

    10. Re:"Speeding Up Evolution" by martyros · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Actually, this is a good point... people usually assume that 'evolution' is progressing inexorably towards what we consider better -- smarter, faster, stronger, taller, thinner, better looking. Evolution in fact doesn't care about those things -- only what will survive to pass on its genes. If conditions ever change on Earth, so that the luxury of having a big brain can't compensate for the extra costs, it will remorselessly cut the big brain out. We may, in fact, evolve back down to chimps, or even back to single-celled organisms, if that's what it takes to survive.

      --

      TCP: Why the Internet is full of SYN.

    11. Re:"Speeding Up Evolution" by badhack · · Score: 1

      If I am not mistaken, the whole concept and Western preoccupation with progress did not come about until the "Scientific Revolution" in the Victorian Era (Descartes, Newton and a hundred other scientists). badhack

    12. Re:"Speeding Up Evolution" by Trinition · · Score: 1

      I personified evolution only because it is easier to talk about things this way. By saying that we are one of evolution's experiements, I mean that we are just another intermediate result of the process of evolution. And by no means are we a closed system. Every other part of evolution impacts us as we impact it.

      However, while we are not closed, we are a lot more cohesive within ourselves than we are, say, bound to storks (despite the stories we hear as children). A change in one of our genes is bound to have amuch more profound impact on ourselves than a change in our genes would affect storks. Likewise, a stork's genes have a very small, indirect impact on our evolution.

      Now, as far as unpredictability, everything is subject to the same random forces in nature -- the collision of atoms, radiation from space, etc. However, we have this thing called a brain. And our brain has become sufficiently complex that it can react to information (i.e. stimuli from outside it) and have that reaction have an impact. Plants don't have brains. They're reactions to stimuli are a lot more direct. Animals do have brains and their actions are little more indirect. We have brains that most would say are of a higher order (even if only by one degree). Thus, the output of the system that is a human to stimuli is more complex than the output of a plant. A plant grows towards sunlight. A human could move into the sunlight, out of it, put up its hand to made a funny shadow.

      That said, oneof the impacts the output of our brain can have is to genetically modify ourselves. Plants, as far as I know, are subject to direct mutations as a result of errors in copying or mutations in place (from chemical interference, radiation, etc.) Through these mutations genetic variation arises. sometimes for the good, sometimes for the bad. However, our brains is an extra input into genetic variation now. We can directly modify our genes. Ultimately, the output of our brain that is to modify our genes comes from stimuli all originating in the environment (and oursleves, since we are partof that environment). It is our more complex brain that has allowed this potential for faster and perhaps more-efficient genetic variation.

      So when I say evolution experimented with a different kind of evolution by way of our brains, I'm really saying we happened to evolve these brains and the side effect is that these brains allow us to be able to modify our own genes. Its a fast-track to genetic variation. Whethe rthis is good or bad has yet to be seen. So far it is good because we haven't yet wiped out our species. If it is bad, and we add ourselves to the list of extinct life forms, then this evolutionary path will have ended.

      So, I apologize for using the term unpredictable when really I meant to describe the increased complexity in input/output the human brain has compared to simpler brains or plants. However, I do object to your objection to my personification of evolution for the sake of description. I think its a valid literary tool.

    13. Re:"Speeding Up Evolution" by Planesdragon · · Score: 1

      We can directly modify our genes.

      In point of fact: we cannot. The best we can do is, depending on your point of view, mix some human genes to hope to correct a disease, or be concious of our descendents. Theorteically we could "breed" ourselves the way we do animals--but AFAIK, even distinct breeds are still genetically the same species.

      However, I do object to your objection to my personification of evolution for the sake of description. I think its a valid literary tool.

      Anthromorphism is a valid teaching tool, but that doesn't mean that it's appropriate how you used it.

      Evolution is not only not a sentient thing, it's not even a thing. The active player in all evolutionary events are the creatures that adapt the best; if you "personify" evolution, you create more abstraction than necessary to express an opinion or teach the theory or the principle.

    14. Re:"Speeding Up Evolution" by Trinition · · Score: 1
      In point of fact: we cannot

      As far as I've read, there have been successful (so far) gene therapy experiments where people with defective genes preventing them from developing an iommune system are now capable of doing so thanks to a rtero-virus insetring a correct copy of the failed gene. To me, that sounds like direct genetic manipulation.

      if you "personify" evolution, you create more abstraction than necessary

      "Aye captaion, I'm giving her all she's got!" What the hell was Scotty thiking? Did he really think the Starship enterprise was a living creature, and female at that? Perhaps when he said he was giving her everything he's got, he had somehoe suplanted the image of is estranged wife taking all of his wealth and posessions onto the starship? It certainly is confusing. If only those lousy StarTreak writers would've avoided using personitifcation.

    15. Re:"Speeding Up Evolution" by Planesdragon · · Score: 1

      To me, that sounds like direct genetic manipulation.

      That's correcting a genetic disease. Hardly noteworthy when it comes to evolution.

      What the hell was Scotty thiking?

      The Enterprise would be a physical object, not an abstract theory. Anthromorphising ships is a long tradition--Anthromorphising scientific concepts is nothing more than a bad teaching method.

      (And it's not "persontifcation"! Learn how to use the big words, or stop using them!)

  17. In Some Other Context... by Slapdash+X.+Hashbang · · Score: 5, Interesting

    ...Linus Torvalds said,
    "And don't EVER make the mistake that you can design something better than
    what you get from ruthless massively parallel trial-and-error with a
    feedback cycle. That's giving your intelligence _much_ too much credit."

    1. Re:In Some Other Context... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
      Yeah! Don't fly too close to the sun 'cuz your wings will melt!

      Give me a break.

    2. Re:In Some Other Context... by kfg · · Score: 2, Insightful

      You clearly haven't actually read, let alone understood, the myth.

      There were *two* people on that particular flight. The one who stayed with the parameters of the design was *successful* in his flight.

      Think about it.

      KFG

    3. Re:In Some Other Context... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Even better, the guy told Icarus, "don't fly too close to the sun or your wings will melt off..."

      The man who designed and built the wings said, "don't fly too close to the sun," and Icarus did anyway. The Engineer's favourite myth this is.

    4. Re:In Some Other Context... by Carnivorous+Carrot · · Score: 1

      > Linus Torvalds:
      >
      > "And don't EVER make the mistake that you can
      > design something better than what you get from
      > ruthless massively parallel trial-and-error
      > with a feedback cycle.

      Umm, I thought the Linux community hated Microsoft's standard operating procedure.

      --
      "Has [being a kidnapped teenage girl, raped repeatedly for months] changed you?" - Katie Couric to Elizabeth Smart
    5. Re:In Some Other Context... by OneEyedApe · · Score: 1

      Note the part about a feedback cycle. Microsoft is more interested in profit than feedback.

      --
      Life sucks, but death doesn't put out at all....
      --Thomas J. Kopp
    6. Re:In Some Other Context... by badhack · · Score: 1
      I disagree.

      Natural selection coupled with random mutation is a good example of "trial-and-error" (mutations) checked by "feedback" (natural selection to remove those with low survival value).

      It is effective and succesful (obviously). So I cannot dispute that.

      Looking back, there are many hacks that could been implemented better, but nature compromised.

      By compromise I mean that it would cost WAY TOO MUCH to reimplement something rather than modify what is available.

      The classic example is the eye. There are better ways it could be done (for example the nerves vessels grow over rather than behind and must be routed through a hole), but it would take a fantastic mutation to alter that.

      badhack

  18. Leonitis? or just Leon by Ratso+Baggins · · Score: 0, Offtopic

    So if after all the hype dies down and it does some "unforseen" things, will the condition be known as Leonitis, or will you just be Leon(d)?

    --

    --
    "we live in a post-ideological world..." - Billy Bragg.

  19. Great... by ConMotto · · Score: 5, Funny

    Great, now all the old folks will leech my social security momey fovever. As if social security wasn't screwed already.

    1. Re:Great... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      And all us Old Folk will be strong as Hell too and can come over and rip your head off and take our jobs back from you, drink your beer, screw your women, smoke your cigars, and piss on your corpse as we leave in your car. Don't need no Sociable Insecurities. Gonna live forever! Bwahahahahahaha!

    2. Re:Great... by Lispy · · Score: 1

      Amen! Humanity should realize that there are in fact limited resources on this planet and that it comes in handy if once in a while one or the other leaves the planet. Sure, everybody wants to live but quite a few people did great things during rather short lifetimes (Mozart, Douglas Adams, Jesus, Alexander the great, even Torvalds did it when he was young etc...) so why would anyone like me want to live forever? If i haven't had my fifthteen minutes yet i guess i never will so it's only fair to make place for the young. (I'm 26 now, I guess I'll give it another shot thought ;-)

      live long and prosper,
      Lispy

  20. Cyclic Extinctions by BLuP1 · · Score: 1
    So, the article didn't really mention this but in passing, but given:

    a) manifold movements are cyclical
    b) extinction cycles are cyclical

    A + B means large, slow, asteroids are pretty much funnelled in this way on a regular basis. I wonder if NEAR is looking at this as a way to predict odds of getting hit during a certain century.

    Maybe I should just go back to bed.

    -- B

    1. Re:Cyclic Extinctions by racermd · · Score: 1

      Yes, you probably should go back to bed. Your comment about the space stuff got posted to the article about the eugenics/genetics/superpeople story. But I think that gives you a new /. battle-cry: "CROSS POST!"

      --
      My sources are unreliable, but their information is fascinating. -- Ashleigh Brilliant
  21. Where's my warranty card? by eidechse · · Score: 4, Funny

    If those damn aliens had a decent QA team I wouldn't need any enhancements.

  22. Sounds like a geek drug by Discordantus · · Score: 1

    I mean really, you get an injection of this stuff, just sit around for couple weeks, and you get buffed up?
    I predict masses of musclebound geeks by 2005...

  23. Spider-Man? by ufoman · · Score: 3, Funny

    Can they make a radioactive spider bite me so I can walk on walls?

    --
    The following statement is false.
    The previous statement is true.
    Welcome to my world.
    1. Re:Spider-Man? by ramzak2k · · Score: 2, Funny

      I would rather be bitten by a butterfly so that i could fly, be multicolored, walk around with wings & MSN tag on it.. eeek.. never mind, pass the spider after you are done.

      --

      Siggy Say, Siggy Do
    2. Re:Spider-Man? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
    3. Re:Spider-Man? by Carnivorous+Carrot · · Score: 1

      I'd rather be bitten by a radioactive horse, if you know what I mean.

      --
      "Has [being a kidnapped teenage girl, raped repeatedly for months] changed you?" - Katie Couric to Elizabeth Smart
    4. Re:Spider-Man? by racerx509 · · Score: 1

      umm different study of science. I'm afraid thats neo-genics.

      --
      13 year old white supremacists are shitty web designers.
  24. Really? by lastberserker · · Score: 1
    Engineered human "Blood" to speed up evolution, so that we become less susceptible to disease and injury.
    If it is akin to making oneself "less susceptible to illness" by eating/drinking/injecting semi-lethal dozes of antibiotics then thank you very much, I had it right up here with what they call "medicine" here in States ;-P
    --
    My other Beowulf cluster is... er...
    1. Re:Really? by eidechse · · Score: 1

      Oh come now, those Super Germs (TM) are a complete lie. Take this X12-J Doxy-Moxy-Sexy-Cillan (TM) and you'll be fine. And since you asked, anything but this approved treatment is total quackery. We only deal in REAL medicine around here.

    2. Re:Really? by Carnivorous+Carrot · · Score: 1

      That's all we need: people with super immune systems evolving new super bugs. Then those bugs go and wipe out the billions without super immune systems.

      Thanks!

      --
      "Has [being a kidnapped teenage girl, raped repeatedly for months] changed you?" - Katie Couric to Elizabeth Smart
  25. Reminds me of that one ST:TNG ep by dethl · · Score: 1

    where a lab creates the perfect humans...yet after a reaction with a common flu (i think?), their antibodies cause all sorts of havoc, mainly causing the labs staff to age very rapidly... Unless the FDA approves this anytime soon though, I'm not too worried about it.

    --
    "Some fight for law. Some fight for justice. What will you fight for? One day, you will see."
  26. injury is a good thing by zome · · Score: 1

    Injury encourages the chance of survival by making us (and other animals) fear of being injured. It prevents you from skydriving, thus you're not gonna die because of your parachute malfunctions, for example.

    1. Re:injury is a good thing by mythr · · Score: 1

      I think you're wrong. (weee-oooh, semantics police!) Pain is the good thing, because it prevents injury. Although I'm sure walking around with a broken leg has some psychological effect that dissuades one from engaging in subsequent dangerous activities, it's mostly because of the pain. I'm also equally sure that such injuries cost a lot of cavemen their lives.

    2. Re:injury is a good thing by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "skydriving"

      holy shit you just created a whole new extreme sport

      now I have a use for that Pinto round back !

  27. This is transhumanism ... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    And if you disagree, you will be killed by those with implanted guass rifles. This will happen. "Ethicists" and "moralists" better make wills.

  28. My evolution is speeding as you read this. by mcmonkey · · Score: 2, Funny

    Soon, I'll be so far ahead of the rest of humanity I'll be able to read /. stories an average of 10 to 20 minutes before the rest of you surrender-monkeys.

    1. Re:My evolution is speeding as you read this. by Adam9 · · Score: 1

      I can pay $5 and get the same result.

    2. Re:My evolution is speeding as you read this. by Carnivorous+Carrot · · Score: 1

      I believe that was his point, braniac.

      --
      "Has [being a kidnapped teenage girl, raped repeatedly for months] changed you?" - Katie Couric to Elizabeth Smart
  29. "superman"? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I can think of one enhancement most men would go for. Unfortunately, eventually it's just too long and women are afraid of it.

  30. Do people still use it? by 1nv4d3r · · Score: 3, Funny

    I tried it and went back to mutt. I do agree that evolution should be sped up, though. It was a little on the slow side, as I recall.

    1. Re:Do people still use it? by dotgain · · Score: 2, Funny

      Well, I chose "Quit" about thirty minutes ago, but it's still tidying up, so I suppose I'm still using it, yes.

  31. Gattaca by birdman666 · · Score: 1

    Reminds me of the movie Gattaca. Scary.

    --

    Nothing from nowhere I'm no one at all
  32. what about the reverse? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    when you accidentally evolve the cancer dna in your own blood and make some kind of super cancer that kills us all? huh? what then?

    BURN THE SCIENTISTS!

    1. Re:what about the reverse? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Your solution been tried. Now all scientists wear fireproof labcoats.

      Why? Because they're smart.
      idiot.

  33. speed up evolution by Photar · · Score: 0

    My ass.

    --
    He who knows not and knows he knows not is a wise man. He who knows not and knows not he knows not is a fool.
  34. How to speed up Evolution. by reaper20 · · Score: 1

    killev.

    Best script ever. Bring on the IMAP rewrite.

  35. Speed up Evolution? by burden123 · · Score: 1

    What a let down, here i was thinking i'd be able to download my email faster.

    1. Re:Speed up Evolution? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I'm a big fan of Evolution, but I recommend kmail to new users because it's simpler to use in conjunction with SpamAssassin. Hopefully Evolution will continue to improve so that I can once again recommend it to others.

  36. Shoulda Coulda Woulda by kninja · · Score: 1, Interesting

    They spent so much time pondering if they could. They never stopped to consider if they should.

    This could get out of hand, but I'm an optimist. Let's just be careful, and explore.

  37. Do the Evolution! by everlasting_beernut · · Score: 5, Interesting

    Anybody ever stop and think "Hey, evolution takes place over a very long period of time...perhaps we shouldn't fuck with it?" Nope. Everyone seems to think that all we need to do is make everyone the ideal. Well, if you do that: A: It is no longer any sort of ideal, an ideal is supposed to provide a goal, a motivation to be a better person, or to train harder, etc. B: Whose ideal are we working toward? Hitler's? An aryan nation of blonde haired, blue eyed automatons whose only goal in life is to serve to the best of his/her abilities (which will be greatly amplified by the techniques spoken of above, and more)? C: Whose to say that it will be him/her? Maybe it will be an asexual being, since the genes can just be created. If we can make the genes in a lab, why should anyone be grown (yes, grown-not born, grown) with genitals or a sex drive? --- Think about it, if variety is the spice of life, and we continue on the path we have chosen, the future will be quite bland...

    --
    ~ Change what you can, Accept what you can't Carpe Diem Baby!!!
    1. Re:Do the Evolution! by Discordantus · · Score: 2, Funny

      actually, I think it'll lead to more variety... I can just see the kid begging their parents:
      "Jack's mom let him grow horns! Why won't you just let me get tusks?"

    2. Re:Do the Evolution! by no+reason+to+be+here · · Score: 1

      I totally agree with your comment; however, it seems oddly ironic when coupled with your .sig.

      or maybe it's just me.

    3. Re:Do the Evolution! by Xenna · · Score: 2, Insightful

      It's not very likely that people will start designing new humans just like that.

      It's much more likely that this type of evolution will creep in slowly. People's embryos are already scanned for certain hereditary diseases when they are in a high risk group.

      How far off is it before embryos will be routinely evaluated for heart & cancer risk later in life. Only the best embryo will be chosen to grow up.

      This seems a logical step. It also seems logical that if you have several good quality boy embryos, you will choose the one that doesn't have the genes for early baldness.

      There we go, man made evolution in progress.

      I whish I could be around long enough to see where it all will end...

    4. Re:Do the Evolution! by HiThere · · Score: 1

      That's not genetic mods. That's bio-sculpture. Probably lots easier and safer.

      --

      I think we've pushed this "anyone can grow up to be president" thing too far.
    5. Re:Do the Evolution! by Discordantus · · Score: 1

      If you have to go in for surgery, that's bio-sculpture...
      But if you go get a genetic therepy injection and two little knobs start growing out of your forehead, that's genetic modification.

    6. Re:Do the Evolution! by freeweed · · Score: 1

      Anybody ever stop and think "Hey, evolution takes place over a very long period of time...perhaps we shouldn't fuck with it?" Nope.

      I don't know what part of the world you live in, but just looking at the posts in this thread I'd say most people ask that very question. Watching/reading/hearing news echoes this: story after story using fear tactics to convince the public that science is somehow 'bad'. Talking to people, layman and scientist, there is a huge push *against* massive mucking with the genome. Whether it's from people who don't understand and are scared, or people that do and want us not to run off willy-nilly towards Uncle Adolph's superrace... I see almost nothing BUT objection to human genetic engineering.

      Personally, I see GE as a way to INCREASE variety. Most of my family has pretty identical genomes. Most people with similar ancestry to me also do. Imagine being able to see people with black hair and blue eyes on a regular basis. Or yellow eyes. Or whatever you want. I'd love to have the deep, lustrous black hair that a lot of Greek men have, but just on my head, thanks. Unfortunately it doesn't always work this way, because humans are too similar most of the time.

      --
      Endless arguments over trivial contradictions in books written by ignorant savages to explain thunder in the dark.
    7. Re:Do the Evolution! by badhack · · Score: 1
      It is debatable, but the rate of evolutionary change can vary. But why does the rate of change affect whether we should modify our genome?

      I do agree however, we've lost sight of why progress is important. Back in the day, things were done for the glory of God. Today the sentiment is personal comfort or self satisfaction (greed?).

      As to the last part of your post, let's not forget, we could lead ourselves to a "better" race, but we are human. I'm sure that designer looks would be very popular :).

      badhack

    8. Re:Do the Evolution! by HiThere · · Score: 1

      Yes. But expect bio-sculpture to enter the tatoo-parlor level before genetic modifications get the bugs out of the major applications. Bio-sculpture is just a natural development of plastic surgery, where genetic modification is a lot dicier. Bio-sculpture can use biologically inert frameworks, where genetic modification requires getting the body to rebuild itself.

      Truthfully, we could nearly do bio-sculpture right now. Some of the new surgical materials boast a micro-level (nano-level?) paterning that prevents the immune system from recognizing them (there's lots of isolated nobs of atoms at the top [carbon atoms?] that don't, in themselves, mean anything, and they are packed too closely together to allow immune probes access to deeper places. I'm not sure that they've worked out how to anchor cartiledge and tendons to them yet though. But the real problem is that it's too expensive, both to add and to remove. How much would you pay to wear a built-in pair of deely-bobbers that you couldn't remove when you wanted to?

      So right now this is only being used in prosthetic surgery, and then don't expect you insurance to pay for it. These are experimental procedures. And since they are more interested in replacing hip joints than in "esthetic modifications", the emphasis is on strong and durable materials. But the materials science is the only sticking point here, and that's a fast moving target.

      --

      I think we've pushed this "anyone can grow up to be president" thing too far.
  38. How 'bout we fix sick people first by John+Whorfin · · Score: 5, Insightful

    My neighbor's kid has some syndrome where because of some genetic hiccup the kid has no upper body strength. No, I not saying the kid's a wimp, I'm saying he can't swallow or breathe on his own.

    Apparently, the current thinking is that through gene therapy there's at least a possibilty the kid could be cured, ('cept there's a moratorium on gene therapy).

    So, being super people is I guess all well and good, for me I'd just like to see this kid not have to eat through a tube.

    1. Re:How 'bout we fix sick people first by tgibbs · · Score: 1

      And this is why it can't be stopped. Because there are people who desperately need this technology. But once you have it, the definition of "sick" becomes very slippery. Discover a gene polymorphism that prevents you from having perfect pitch? Congratulations! You've just discovered "Pitch Perception Syndrome." Let's cure it!

    2. Re:How 'bout we fix sick people first by aiyo · · Score: 1

      He can still have sex though, right? Its not all bad.

  39. why not? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Insightful

    science is lazy, because it's profit driven. given a problem, once a solution is found, unless there are other easy ways to solve the problem, most places wait out until the patents have expired and simply copy.

    look at modern medicine.

    given this, why wouldn't there only be 3-5 different major dna codings?

  40. Problems with longevity by afidel · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Many systems in the human body are simply not designed for extremely long lives. The heart beats only so many times before wearing out (as an aside almost all animals have the same number of lifetime heart beats regardless of size, environment etc except humans have about 3X as many), the genetic repair mechanisms are only so good at fighting off mutations such as cancer, and the one that needs to be solved for there to even be a chance for extremely long lives in tolemer capping (when cells devide the genes are seperated by DNA polymerase which unravels them in sections and continues until it reaches the tolemere caps, but each time they are slightly damaged, if the tolomers are not reinforced this eventually leads to the genes unravelling and the cell either self destructing or becoming cancerous, in mouse trials a simple physical cap extended the average lifespan by almost 3X)

    --
    There are 4 boxes to use in the defense of liberty: soap, ballot, jury, ammo. Use in that order. Starting now.
    1. Re:Problems with longevity by TheCyko1 · · Score: 2, Funny

      The heart beats only so many times before wearing out (as an aside almost all animals have the same number of lifetime heart beats regardless of size, environment etc except humans have about 3X as many

      So, theoreticaly, I could greatly enhance my lifespan simply by sleeping more, avoiding stress, and never exercising?

      --
      This message was brought to you by the death of 30 brain cells.
    2. Re:Problems with longevity by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Regular arobic ( okay I cant spell and I'm tired :P) exorsize results in lower heart rate. I don't think you will find a physician anywere who would disagree with less stress, more sleep, and regular exorcise, ( plus a varied diet,) being a good recipe for a long life.

    3. Re:Problems with longevity by The+Pim · · Score: 3, Insightful
      The heart beats only so many times before wearing out (as an aside almost all animals have the same number of lifetime heart beats regardless of size, environment etc except humans have about 3X as many)

      This is readily debunked. Start with bats and most birds.

      --

      The evaluation of an action as 'practical' . . . depends on what it is that one wishes to practice.
    4. Re:Problems with longevity by farnerup · · Score: 2, Interesting

      And some vertebrates, such as goldfish and certain turtles seem to lack upper limits to their lifespans. They simply do not die of old age, at least not within a couple of hundred years.

    5. Re:Problems with longevity by HiThere · · Score: 1

      Well, you've oversimplified things a lot, but you've got the basic idea.

      Your specific examples may not be correct, but, e.g., the pelvis ages in a way predictable enough that skeletons can be dated (as in how long did that guy live) even after millenia. I think that I heard the metric being used by palentologists about cro-magnon's. I wouldn't be certain that it would apply to erectus, but others might be, and might have good reasons.

      The basic thing that wears out, though, (as I understand it) is the cartiledge in the joints. It seems that there's no circulation system there, so the oxygen level is too low for new cells to grow. Still, there's *some* way that works when you are a kid. But it stops working as you get to around 18, and after that joints wear out faster than they repair. (Well, knee, shoulder, and hip joints. Seems like elbow should go in there too, by symmetry, but I haven't heard it reported.) This is what taking Chondritin is supposed to remedy. Don't know whether it does or not, but it's helped me... or something has.

      But if a pill can fix things, then certainly a tiny genetic change could do the same!

      Other things might require a more drastic redesign. A second heart down near the kidneys might help circulation. It wouldn't oxygenate blood, merely help circulate it. A really desireable change would be to separate breathing from eating... but this would require figuring out how to speak in a brand new system. Etc.

      Then there are the changes that evolution essentially can't do. E.g., You could add another amino acid, tag all of your cells with it. And they key the IFF system to recognize that only cells with that amino acid were really yours (in addition to the current checks... though they could be slightly weakened to prevent auto-immune diseases, but not too much, because you still need to prevent cancers).

      --

      I think we've pushed this "anyone can grow up to be president" thing too far.
  41. Doesn't make sense.... by Faeton · · Score: 1
    Genes are only part of the whole picture when it comes to muscle-mass. Genetically identical twins can have totally different physiques due to lifestyle, including diet and exercise (which, including genes, make the largest difference in physique).

    Muscle mass automagically atrophies when not in use, so I don't see how someone can "grow" muscle like they would grow hair.

    Obviously, there are serious moral and biological questions that have yet to be answered about all this. And unfortunately, these types of people usually have too optimistic view of the near-future. I mean, where are the flying-cars and annual visits to the moon?

    1. Re:Doesn't make sense.... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Insightful

      But the atrophy process is controlled by hormonal regulation. Basically, your body says "I don't need this anymore, I would be better off turning the muscle into energy" and hormones are released to begin gluconeogenesis. Building muscle works the same way...you damage the muscles, your body says "I need more strength to keep up" and hormones are released to build muscle mass.

      If you could fix someone so they were always releasing the "build muscle" regulatory hormones and proteins and never the "break down muscle" ones you would end up with someone who built muscle without work.

  42. Is this playing god? by Rooked_One · · Score: 4, Interesting
    I dont have feelings either way, but I can't help but wonder if this is a good or bad thing. I mean, we are basically taking shortcuts, and in the evoloutionary way of things, shortcuts usually have an adverse affect. Is our gene pool strong enough to coincide genetically altered DNA?

    I'm all for creating new organs out of stems cells, if its needed for life. I know many good people would have lived longer if all they needed was an organ transplant.

    Science is good, but you have to keep it in check with average human prosperity. Its like the "Prime Directive," you have to follow it or theres drastic consequences you can never forsee. You wouldn't give a monkey a gun if you knew he could understand the consequences of using it. Same thing applies here in an obscewred point.

    1. Re:Is this playing god? by everlasting_beernut · · Score: 2

      are you saying that you are going around giving monkeys guns, since they can't understand the consequences!?

      --
      ~ Change what you can, Accept what you can't Carpe Diem Baby!!!
    2. Re:Is this playing god? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Insightful

      The problem is that we've already irrevocably screwed the natural process of evolution through medical science, societies, and general technological innovation (if you want to rely on "natural" evolution, make sure all the kids with bad eyesight, weak immune systems, severe allergies etc., are all dead before they can have children). Genetic engineering is simply a way to allow the human race to cope with the changes we've already enacted.

    3. Re:Is this playing god? by m1chael · · Score: 0

      is there a god and if so what does its job entail?
      you see many people assume 2 things, there is a god and they knows what it does.

      --
      I know you are psychotic, but please make an effort.
  43. Re:jocks cynthiathetotalwhorebag@yahoo.com by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I like cynthiathetotalwhorebag@yahoo.com

  44. In the software world.... by Highwayman · · Score: 3, Interesting

    In the software world we would call this vaporware. However when scientists get futuristic and show minimal results with some mice its visionary for some reason. This story should have been published 10 years from now with some viable results. This article is nothing more than an advertisement wrapped in an article probably set up by the R&D department of whoever is funding this mess. Give me a break. What's next a story about hover cars and teleportation? Enhancement studies have been consistently failing in the military for years. It always seems the same: (1) find out chemical X is depleted by activity Y. (2) Find a synthetic way of making chemical X. (3) Give loads and loads of X to person conducting activity Y. (4) Wonder why it gives them migranes, results in Air Force pilots dropping bombs on civilians, and causes permanent brain damage or cancer. A friend that worked at an aeromedical research lab had stories of permanent neurological damage caused through sleep retarding drugs and other performance enhancers. Such stories are all over the military enhancement research from failed LSD experiments to caffeine as performance enhancers. Vaporware says I.

  45. But by Exiler · · Score: 0, Offtopic

    More people are killed by sheep each year than by skydiving, and yet we still have shepards...

    --
    Banaaaana!
  46. Playing it backward? by infonography · · Score: 1

    So if you play a Devo single in reverse is it Evoloution? I have to try that with 'We are Devo'

    --
    Sorry about the writing. Robot fingers, you know? Cliff Steele in DOOM PATROL #23
    1. Re:Playing it backward? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "Nobody expects the Linux Inquestion!"

      Do you mean "Inquisition?"

    2. Re:Playing it backward? by infonography · · Score: 1

      I stand recorected

      --
      Sorry about the writing. Robot fingers, you know? Cliff Steele in DOOM PATROL #23
  47. And now for a comment from someone who knows... by chathamhouse · · Score: 5, Interesting

    ... my girlfriend does, she's working on a Ph.D. in skeletal muscle physiology. I cede my keyboard.
    -------

    While IGF-1 does wonderful things in mice, don't look for it at your local store or spam e-mail. Whatever people are selling in the spam shops isn't IGF-1, or anything remotely related to it. The real stuff is approximately $25 000 (US) per gram, which will treat 25 mice for a month, or one human for a day.

    The problem with gene therapy is that it isn't available "now or soon", as stated in the article. The problem is that when the gene is injected, only a very small percentage of the muscle cells will express it. This means that delivery of the gene is very inefficient.

    Adding onto this, there will be an immune response to the gene or the vector delivering the gene. This means that it won't hang around very long.

    Next, there is a massive area to deliver to (all your skeletal muscle). And no efficient mechanism by which to accomplish this.

    Basically, gene therapy is far from being a reality, let alone a mass market one that you could afford. To worry about gene doping at any Olympics in the forseable future is exceedingly premature.

    The reason you can alter genes in mice is that their eggs can be manipulated in vitro . The manipulated eggs are artificially fertilized and injected into a pseudo-pregnant female. And while with this approach, only one cell has to be targetted, it still takes many many many months to create a transgenic mouse that expresses the proper genotype. Once that's done, you have to breed them - that's a lot of ass work for post-docs and PhD students.

    1. Re:And now for a comment from someone who knows... by Steeltoe · · Score: 1

      Grow up!

      Even I have a girlfriend now..

      These are different times, you gotta hang on, or be lost in a turn.

      The joke isn't funny anymore.

    2. Re:And now for a comment from someone who knows... by Spoing · · Score: 1
      The real stuff is approximately $25 000 (US) per gram, which will treat 25 mice for a month, or one human for a day.

      Anyone want to bet that Bill Gates is now ready for the next pie attack? The horror, the horror, the...[drifts into dream mode]

      1. Reporter #1: Mr. Gates...is it true that you're leaving Microsoft, and if so, what are your plans.

        BG: [deep baratone voice...very wide chest] Well, me and my %itches is goin' to whoop some @$$. Nuff of this p#$$i software $#!t. Next stop, this Linus person...yeah...see what his his black belt wife can do now, dig it? I don' mess...

      --
      A firewall can not protect you from yourself. Turn off what you do not need. Do not use the firewall to do your work.
    3. Re:And now for a comment from someone who knows... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I've always wondered why we don't try more modifications on immunosupressed or immunodeficient patients, like those SCID bubbleboys that can be cured. With no immune system to begin with, you could cure them and piggyback in a few optional extras without worriying about their immune system pulling a Jesse Gelsinger.

    4. Re:And now for a comment from someone who knows... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
      Once that's done, you have to breed them - that's a lot of ass work for post-docs and PhD students.


      Um, does your girlfriend know that you don't get pregnant from anal sex?

    5. Re:And now for a comment from someone who knows... by Bowling+Moses · · Score: 1

      Even better, some people who have had gene therapy come down with a bad case of leukemia (there or google it yerself). So what happens when only a fraction of the cells in a muscle start cranking out IGF, I wonder? Does the muscle loose some cohesion?

  48. Hedonistic Engineering by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Nanotechnology and genetic-engineering allow Homo sapiens to discard the legacy-wetware of our evolutionary past. Post-humans will rewrite the vertebrate genome, redesign the global ecosystem, and abolish suffering throughout the living world.

    The metabolic pathways of pain and malaise evolved only because they served the inclusive fitness of our genes in the ancestral environment. They can be replaced by a radically different sort of neural architecture. Life-long happiness of an intensity now physiologically unimaginable can become the genetically-preprogrammed norm of mental health. A sketch is offered of when, and why, this major evolutionary transition in the history of life is likely to occur. Possible objections, both practical and moral, are raised and then rebutted.

    Today's images of opiate-addled junkies, and the lever-pressing frenzies of intra-cranially self-stimulating rats, are deceptive. Such stereotypes stigmatise, and falsely discredit, the only remedy for the world's horrors and everyday discontents that is biologically realistic. For it is misleading to contrast social and intellectual development with perpetual happiness. There need be no such trade-off. States of "dopamine-overdrive" can actually enhance exploratory and goal-directed activity. Hyper-dopaminergic states can also increase the range and diversity of actions an organism finds rewarding. So our descendants may live in a civilisation of well-motivated "high-achievers", animated by gradients of bliss. Their productivity may far eclipse our own.

    Two hundred years ago, before the development of potent synthetic pain-killers or surgical anaesthetics, the notion that "physical" pain could be banished from most people's lives would have seemed no less bizarre. Most of us in the urban-industrial West now take its daily absence for granted. The prospect that what we describe as "mental" pain, too, could one day be superseded is equally counter-intuitive. The technical option of its abolition turns its deliberate retention into an issue of political policy and ethical choice.

    1. Re:Hedonistic Engineering by Carnivorous+Carrot · · Score: 1

      > the notion that "physical" pain could be
      > banished from most people's lives would have
      > seemed no less bizarre

      Worse than that. As Isaac Asimov pointed out, painkillers were considered unholy, sinful. After all, The Bibuhl states that "in pain shall ye give birth." Any woman using painkillers during birth was thwarting the will of God.

      Then some queen gave birth with painkillers, and no clergy dared claim that anymore.

      He also points out the use of lightning rods -- how dare you thwart the bolts thrown by God's Will? Soon, only church steeples were the only buildings without them, and typically being the tallest buildings in town...well...you can guess the rest. God's bolts destroying your priestly source of income, indicating you're the only evil one in town, isn't too good for business.

      And now we have proposed legislation to stop research cloning based on unproven, illogical, ancient claims that a lump of cells is posessing of something that cannot be proven and is of only importance to a god who cannot be proven. Our medicine takes a hit to the rate of technological advancement almost as severe as nationalization of the health care system. Thanks!

      --
      "Has [being a kidnapped teenage girl, raped repeatedly for months] changed you?" - Katie Couric to Elizabeth Smart
  49. And Where can I buy my super-sex bot gene? by liupang · · Score: 4, Funny

    That's the killer application that genetic engineering solely needed. oh yeah.

  50. Khan Noonien Singh by anandcp · · Score: 1

    Doesn't the name Khan Noonien Singh and Eugenics Wars come to mind?

    --
    -------- Cluster bombing from B-52s is very, very accurate -- the bombs always hit the ground.
  51. Wladimir and Vitali Klitschko by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    It's already happened. Look at the Klitschko brothers. Do you honestly think those two behemoths weren't inspired by Rocky?

  52. Not to mention the expense. by holy+zarquon's+singi · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Not to mention the cost of genetic manipulation. Restriction enzymes are expensive (like more expensive than gold or weapons grade plutionium gramme for gramme). One might envisage a speciation event, where the super rich who can afford these things become Homo sapiens ssp. arrogantetloadeditius whilst the rest of us mere mortals stay Homo sapiens. More likely the rich go extinct, except for the progeny they sire from extra-test tube liasons which hide in the normal human gene pool. However, here it seems likely that the rich people's Y chromosome would be passed on into the normal population at an equal frequency to the X chromosome rather than at half the frequency as normal Population genetics off the top of your head is fun!
    --
    http://www.superbad.com

    --
    "...we should just trust our president in every decision that he makes and we should just support that." B.Spears 2003
    1. Re:Not to mention the expense. by nounderscores · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Sure restriction enzymes are costly, but at least they're legal enough to give to 2nd year biochem students like me. Also you can buy a gene printer (known as an oglio synthesiser) from Bioron or ABI for about $12,000.00 used. That can print up arbitary DNA sequences for you without much fuss, and then you can DNA ligase them together into whatever you want.

      All this is legal, and getting cheaper (Moore's law... blah... Blah...).

      Whether the rich or the poor or both get the benefits and/or curses of the technology depends on the laws and the cultural aspects, not the science.

      Unlike plutonium which is a relatively rare and dangerous element, the the chemicals that this technology uses exist in every cell of your body. You didn't think that your cells went and sliced and diced DNA without the benefit of restriction enzymes did you?

      Furthermore, are your gender politics assuming that all the rich people who go for this technology are male? I find your logic there rickety at best.

    2. Re:Not to mention the expense. by devbiowonk · · Score: 2, Informative

      Are you high? When are you going to use a gram of a restriction enzyme? A unit of restriction enzyme costs about $.10(check the NEB catalogue www.neb.com) and you would use about five units to digest one microgram of DNA to completion(overkill). Anyone can afford restriction endonucleases. Learn your basic molecular before you start spouting off about it. (I suggest a dose of Maniatas)

    3. Re:Not to mention the expense. by holy+zarquon's+singi · · Score: 1
      Furthermore, are your gender politics assuming that all the rich people who go for this technology are male? I find your logic there rickety at best.
      I was meerly assuming that it's a lot more obvious when a female has done some extra-currucular breeding than when a male has done. If you are regulating reproduction, it's fairly obvious when females disobey the regulations. Less so when the males get someone outside the regulated part of society knocked up.
      --
      "...we should just trust our president in every decision that he makes and we should just support that." B.Spears 2003
  53. Better Late than Never by queenb**ch · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Let me start out by saying, I've lost a contact lens, so I apoligize for the spelling in advance. I'm having a hard time seeing. That said......

    The Cold War wasn't the only arms race going on. There's one that exits every day inside each one of it us. It's a race between various pathogens and our immune system. Oddly enough, DNA plays a HUGE role in the functioning of the immune system as a whole.

    Did you realize that the reason that African-Americans have sickle cell anemia is that it is an evolved immune response? In order to develop the disease, you must inherit 2 recessive "defective" genes. But if you have only 1 "defective" gene and one "normal" gene, you are immune to malaria. Malaria is a mosquito borne disease that kills more than a million people a year in Africa. My point with is that genes that seem to be "bad" to us, might only seem "bad" because we don't have the whole story.

    We've spent either thousands or millions of years, depending on your point of view, on this planet with our pathogens. They change us and we change them. We know that this happens because we can sit in a labratory and observe it. Antibiotic resistant strains are a prime example of this. I happen to call it evolution. Just as wolves thin the deer herds, making them faster, smarter, and stronger, so must the wolves become faster, smarter and stonger to continue to catch the deer. When you consider the amount of time that we humans have spent living with our various bacteria, parasites, etc. , it's logical to me that is happing with us on a microscopic scale.

    Genes are very complicated things because they encode all sorts of information about how you function an unbelievably basic level. There are genes that encode the proteins that make up the cell wall. There are genes that encode the proteins that make up the receptor sites in cell wall. And guess what, mine don't look or work like yours! So I'm near sighted. My whole family is near sighted. My whole family also lives to be a 100 and it's a nice healthly 100, too. I suspect that there is some correlation since the ones that aren't near sighted died in their late 80's and early 90's.

    The tinkering with plants hasn't gone as well as most of the public has been lead to believe. They figured out how to make cotton that didn't need to be dyed. It grew as red or blue. Well, they released it. People planted it and now they are being sued. Their neighbors are getting all kinds of odd color combinations in what was supposed to be their white cotton. There's also a "pest resistant" corn. Now that the corn flea beetle and corn worm can't eat corn, what will they be going to go after next? Or, worse yet, will they evolve in to a superpest that can eat the "pest resistant" plants? If they can eat the "pest resistant" corn, will they be able to eat the other "pest resistant " crops we're getting ready to release. We've created other "superpests" and a whole host of other problems with our use of chemicals because we really didn't understand the ramifications of what we were tinkering with - DDT, DES, MRSA, STSS, and a whole alphabet soup of acronyms. These are just the ones I can name off the top of my head.

    This is a really really good example of "Just because you CAN, doesn't mean you SHOULD". They don't understand what the side effects to the environment are with a simple thing like colored cotton. They sure aren't going to understand the full ramifications of making changes to humans any time in this century. Anybody that thinks that is a good idea, should probably get some IQ points spliced in to the DNS sequence.

    Queen B
    --
    HDGary secures my bank :/
    1. Re:Better Late than Never by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You really have to put a bit more thought into this subject. The example you gave about bad eyesight and long life is utterly ridiculous. Correlation does not necessarily imply causation, especially when only observed in an unbelievably small sample size such as your family.

      Genetic engineering for humans is downright necessary for the survival of the species in the long run, as we've largely arrested "positive" genetic evolution through social evolution and technological advances (e.g., all your near-sighted relatives would've been more likely to be dead early were it not for glasses and the safety offered by modern society).

      We may not be doing it perfectly yet, but you have to start somewhere, and the sooner the better.

    2. Re:Better Late than Never by Carnivorous+Carrot · · Score: 1

      Actually, nearsightedness is probably a bad example. Without glasses, your eyes probably wouldn't get all that bad to begin with.

      There are eye exercises you can do to partially reverse nearsightedness. No one does them because they're a pain in the ass and you'd still need glasses anyway.

      --
      "Has [being a kidnapped teenage girl, raped repeatedly for months] changed you?" - Katie Couric to Elizabeth Smart
    3. Re:Better Late than Never by Azureflare · · Score: 1
      Excellent points. I couldn't agree more. This obsession with DNA is like the obsession of a child with a complex machine. The child decides to stick his hand in the machine to see what happens...

      These things are too massive to even start playing with them. We're talking about the biosphere of an entire planet, not to mention hundreds of millions of years of evolution. If they continue on this route, I see humans becoming incredibly strong..and yet incredibly weak at the same time. We will introduce the possibility of "super" viruses running around. Viruses that are a result of mutations/living in the host who has been genetically engineered, wreaking havoc. By manipulating genes, as you said, you may take out a support beam in a structure designed to protect the human. There is nothing wrong with us, there is no reason to make us "super" beings.

      Sheesh people, go put some effort into it and do it the old fashioned way...get some exercise =P

    4. Re:Better Late than Never by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      There are eye exercises you can do to partially reverse nearsightedness. No one does them because they're a pain in the ass and you'd still need glasses anyway.

      Actually a significant portion of people can completely reverse nearsightedness. The exercises aren't that bad either.

    5. Re:Better Late than Never by thursdaymds · · Score: 1

      There's nothing wrong with us? Maybe you have a different kind of body to me - mine is ageing and decaying a little more every second.

    6. Re:Better Late than Never by badhack · · Score: 1
      Whether or not humans cause it, super viruses and other epidemics occur in nature anyways. There is plenty of research to indicate viruses wiping out wild cat populations (the only example I can think of right now).

      If we didn't have pest resistant wheat and corn, the problems with hunger we'd have now would be a joke. And yes they do breed "super-insects". Worldwide there are plenty of insects that are resistant to insectisides that were used in the 70s, 80s, etc.

      In that respect we have "sped up" evolution through natural selection.

      badhack

    7. Re:Better Late than Never by juhaz · · Score: 1

      Depends. If one would borrow genes from different species, it might in theory open a possibility for disease natural to that species to infect you, and possibly mutate to general human variant within you.

      But if one would create a patchwork superman with best traits humanity has to offer, or artificial genes that do not exist in any natural organism, a human virus would not benefit anything from that persons gene sequences, as it can already infect humans.

  54. Why is this cool and roids not?? by Anonynmous+Cow · · Score: 1

    Makes me wonder why this is considered so freaky cool, but everybody considers steroid users to be cheats.

    My Kingdom for some consistency... 8-)

  55. Mod down please by The+Tyro · · Score: 1

    Normally I'm not a fan of modding down, but how did this get modded as funny?

    Now... having a show that's so bad that the WB would cancel it is funny, but I don't personally find the fact that christopher reeve is in a wheelchair to be at all humourous.

    --
    Even if a man chops off your hand with a sword, you still have two nice, sharp bones to stick in his eyes.
    1. Re:Mod down please by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Oh come on. Enjoy an off color joke once in a while. It won't hurt you. (And Christopher Reeve doesn't mind getting hit below the belt. Shit, he can't feel it below the neck!)

    2. Re:Mod down please by default+luser · · Score: 3, Insightful

      It's funny because it pokes fun at the human mentality: we are masters of this planet.

      Funny thing is, we are not even masters of our own domain. We introduce species into an environment as pest control, and they become new, toughter pests. We pop pills with the latest and greatest chemicals only to discover they cause deaths in people with a previously unknown genetic trait. We split the atom, and proceed to use it to threaten our own existence. We eradicate diseases ( Smallpox, the most virulent strains of Influenza, etc ), but this simply means that is any one of them were ro resurge, it would have the same deadly effect as the Black Plague due to no resistance in the population.

      We liken ourselves to supermen every day by pushing the boundaries without knowing or thoroughly considering all the consequences. The fact that "Superman" is in a wheelchair only serves to remind us how foolish we are as a race.

      No matter how advanced we become, we are only human. Mortal. Fallible.

      --

      Man is the animal that laughs.
      And occasionally whores for Karma.

    3. Re:Mod down please by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      > It's funny because it pokes fun at the human mentality: we are masters of this planet.

      Then mod it as "interesting" or "insightful", not "I like to laugh at the suffering of others."

      If you were paralyzed from the neck down, so desperate to regain your freedom that you submitted to every experimental and life-threatening treatment you could get, would you want people laughing at you?

      (Don't worry; if you're this bereft of empathy, they probably do already.)

    4. Re:Mod down please by vistic · · Score: 1

      That's kind of how I feel about it, too. I dunno.

      *shrug*

    5. Re:Mod down please by SecretAsianMan · · Score: 3, Insightful
      While I hate species hubris more, I still greatly despise species anti-hubris as exemplified by your post. You are correct in the observation that many biotechnological developments have adverse side-effects, but you are dead wrong in implying that the adversity is sufficiently severe to negate the benefits obtained through the sacrifice. I'll attack your statements point by point:
      We introduce species into an environment as pest control, and they become new, toughter pests.
      And then we create better pest control. This is a cyclical process. There's nothing wrong with that. Computer security is similar. When the white hats plug a hole, the black hats will find another (new, tougher) one. Yet the necessity of hole-plugging is virtually undebated.
      We pop pills with the latest and greatest chemicals only to discover they cause deaths in people with a previously unknown genetic trait.
      Would you rather us not have pills, or more exactly, the drugs contained in the pills? I personally find it discomforting to think of life without Tylenol, Ex-Lax, Benadryl, or antibiotics. The truth is that the number of deaths due to bad pills is negligible in comparison to the number of deaths that are prevented with good pills.
      We split the atom, and proceed to use it to threaten our own existence.
      We have also proceeded to use the atom to (relatively) cleanly generate electricity and to greatly advance physics. The Manhattan Project created the phenomenon of "big science", which now enables billions of dollars to be funneled into scientific endeavors. Soon, our spacecraft may propel themselves with atomic engines.
      We eradicate diseases ( Smallpox, the most virulent strains of Influenza, etc ), but this simply means that is any one of them were ro resurge, it would have the same deadly effect as the Black Plague due to no resistance in the population.
      Are you seriously suggesting that diseases such as smallpox should not have been eradicated? If so, you should become more acquainted with history, specifically the history of disease. Perhaps we should invent a time machine and send you back to 18th century urban Europe. Duh: disease used to be a major problem. If resistance has decreased, it is most certainly a fair price to pay for significantly improved quality of life and life expectancy.
      The fact that "Superman" is in a wheelchair only serves to remind us how foolish we are as a race.
      ICYHN, Superman was a fictional character.

      While I don't believe that we'll ever perfectly know how to know things and thus not occasially shoot ourselves in the foot, I do believe that our epistomological self-consciousness is increasing.

      --

      Washington, DC: It's like Hollywood for ugly people.

  56. that's not evolution by g4dget · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Sorry, but "faster, bigger, better, stronger" is not what evolution aims for. Mice, deer, worms, and rabbits somehow all managed to survive. And the saber tooth tiger, mammoth, and lots of other big, strong, and ferocious species have died out. Even for crocodiles, most of them get eaten before reaching adulthood. Evolution creates more of what survives, and small wimpy creatures that have a lot of sex are at least as successful as ferocious hunters. Furthermore, bigger muscles and other traits that we may think of desirable usually come along with quite a few problems, otherwise we'd already have them.

    1. Re:that's not evolution by vidarh · · Score: 1
      Before you discount the strength of a rabbit, try cornering an adult rabbit and see how nice it is to get kicked by it... :-) They're perfectly capable of fighting off quite large animals by turning around and kicking their attacker with their back legs. While I still lived with my parents, we had both a cat and rabbits once, and for some reason the rabbit had been let loose for a while, but someone forgot to put it back in it's cage. The cat obviously thought that chasing a rabbit was a quite nice pasttime, but at some point it cornered the rabbit and got a quite nasty surprise. After that, whenever it saw the rabbit it looked away or pulled away, and stuck to cat food :)

      Even humans can get quite bad marks getting kicked, scratched or bitten by rabbits if they aren't careful with their pets - rabbits are a lot less wimpy than they look.

    2. Re:that's not evolution by The+J+Kid · · Score: 1

      So, like evolution = more sex ?

      I like it baby !

      --
      Moderation: +4. Modded 70% Funny and 30% Overrated. 100% Saturated.
    3. Re:that's not evolution by badhack · · Score: 1
      One small comment, under ecological pressure it's the carnivores that are the first to go because it takes so much system underneath to "hold them up".

      On the contrary, extinction events have seemingly indiscriminately wiped out large numbers of species.

      badhack

    4. Re:that's not evolution by juhaz · · Score: 1

      More offspring, actually... bigger changes that some of them stay alive.

      So if you're doing it for fun instead of kids, no dice.

    5. Re:that's not evolution by The+J+Kid · · Score: 1

      You have no idea how to make kids, right?

      *think about it*

      --
      Moderation: +4. Modded 70% Funny and 30% Overrated. 100% Saturated.
    6. Re:that's not evolution by juhaz · · Score: 1

      I know perfectly well how kids are made.

      But you know, they've invented some funny artificial things few hundred years back and kept perfecting them and inventing different ones. Ever heard of 'em? Lots and lots of people keep using those things so they may do the kid-making thing without kids. Especially people who want pleasure without responsibility, and somehow I got just that impression from the grantparent post.

      Think about it.

  57. That's a non relevant context by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Evolution designed man to fit into the ecosystem, to be able to hunt food to survive and mate (several times, hopefully) before dying. The demands evolution works to satisfy would be entirely different from the demands geneticists would work to satisfy, and, because engineering wouldn't be cheap, it would be more sensible for them to research and think rather than just guess random shit until something good happens.

  58. Sounds Great For The /. Crowd by Jubii · · Score: 1
    Insulin-like Growth Factor genes to make us stronger without ever visiting a weight room.
    Man this is great news for /.er's... Oh wait a second... they said stronger not slimmer... move along, nothing to see here.
    --

    I planned on inserting something witty here but never got around to it.
  59. obligatory Gattaca reference by abhikhurana · · Score: 4, Insightful

    The more news I read about genetic research, the more sure I am that the future promised by Gattaca will come true. I don't really mind genetic research but what really scares me is the possibility of a division this might create. I mean there is this rich western world where people will be able to afford the benifits of this kind of research, where children wud be born with longer lives, more intelligent etc. , which in turn would make them even richer and then there is this poor world where ppl can't afford basic healthcare, leave alone genetic research, where thousands die from malaria every year and they would keep getting poorer. I am not very sure if I am for such research.

    1. Re:obligatory Gattaca reference by rtaylor · · Score: 1

      I'm not sure you could create a bigger gap between these two parties.

      However, just like we modify plants to be more hearty with less water and disease resistent, we could modify those folks to function with less food / water and be disease resistent.

      For that matter, I'd like some of that. This whole eating thrice a day thing takes a lot of time to do well.

      --
      Rod Taylor
    2. Re:obligatory Gattaca reference by KalvinB · · Score: 1

      How is that any different than how it is now? Poor can't afford basic health care. The rich get anything they want including a better education and therefore better jobs. People are discriminated against for pretty much everything you can think of.

      Companies are always looking to hire the best and brightest. But you know, there's a cap on the intelligence needed to do certain jobs. Does the term "overqualified" mean anything to you?

      What's going to happen is that the rich few are going to be smarter and get the jobs only the super intelligent few could get anyway (like it is now). Very few people could work at Boeing or Nasa. And only the select few with very very high intelligence get to work on the most cutting edge things.

      And the rest are going to work the millions of other job types just like now. The only jobs you'll be disqualified from are the same jobs you'd be disqualified from now. Unless a company is raking in millions and million they aren't going to have the funds to pay the genetically modified people.

      Why advocate holding back science just because not everyone can benefit from it? I suppose we should stop AIDS and cancer research as well.

      If all else fails, shoot somebody. You get free healthcare in prison thanks to the constitution.

      Ben

  60. Off Topic by artificial_blue · · Score: 0

    With regards to nanotube Field Effect Transistors, as the gap is bridged, more electrons flow over using that bridge. It is the easiest route, and with enough Voltage, the jump get's easier, yet the gap gets larger.. And so you have a shift, a switch, whatever it is called.. But when we reduce the scale to the size of nanometers, we are getting closer to the disintegration of the walls. From here on in we are playing in the world of the small, yet powerful. One could speculate that this layer of abstraction will mimic the least, the underlying layer. The area where the fundamental properties start to change. Now we are starting to play with things that can hurt us? We will play. Abstraction

  61. An Example of Speeded Up Evolution by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    And let it be a lesson to us all.

    One morning Susan Crawford of Kittery, Maine, woke up with a painful need to urinate. At first she thought she had diarrhea , but when she stood up out of bed, she realized that it was urinary pain. It was very similar to the feeling of having diarrhea , just out the wrong hole.

    She wobbled to the toilet and upon sitting on it, her vagina erupted into the most horrific messy farting noise anyone has ever heard. In paralyzing pain, Ms. Crawford continued to push and squirt out of her vagina for the next few minutes a burning tide of wretch and filth while she gripped the sides of the toilet, white-knuckled. She was screaming wildly, and the neighbors called the police.

    When medics arrived they found Ms. Crawford unconscious lying on the floor of her bathroom wearing nothing but her bath robe. Running down her leg was a stream of brown and green syrup . The medic had to transfer her to a stretcher, so he grabbed her left leg which was bent crossing her other leg, to straighten her out; she was lying there all twisted up. When he lifted her left leg to straighten her body out, he exposed her vagina , at which point a creature, no larger than the tip of a finger, wormed its way out of her genitals and landed on the floor with a wet popping sound. Shocked, the medic stared at the creature that was lying on the tile bathroom floor in a casing of mucus. It was a tiny mud shrimp -- it sat there on the cold floor gasping for water while flipping itself back and forth. The horrified medic turned to the toilet as he felt nausea setting in. When he put his face down into the toilet to puke, what he saw was so horrific that to this day he cannot look into a toilet without convulsing.

    The entire toilet bowl was boiling with baby brown mud shrimp flipping and splashing at a furious pace.

    Ms. Crawford's official death was the result of a combination of shock and severe head trauma. She stood up over the toilet in pain and when she saw what she had done, she went into shock and fell, smashing her head on the toilet and then on the floor. It is believed that on two nights before the accident she had purchased a live lobster at a fish market: While lying in her bed, she gently inserted the creature's tail into her vagina to derive pleasure, at which point, she held a lighter under the creature's face causing it to flip its tail in a violent, snapping motion.

    The medics found a Lesbian porno video in the VCR and the TV was positioned on a table in front of the bed. The lobster was found in the kitchen garbage can wrapped in a paper bag. Traces of Ms. Crawford's DNA were found on the lobster along with pubic hairs that had wedged themselves between the lobster tail joints. The lobster's face was lightly burned with the same fuel used in lighters. The lobster's digestive track and colon were found to be full of mud shrimp egg casings. Doctors believe that the lobster had eaten them (they are common in the water at fish markets and are usually harmlessly boiled to death) and the lobster had crapped them out into Ms. Crawford's cunt when she was torturing it. Maine mud shrimp only take two days to gestate and Ms. Crawford was only four days away from getting her period, doctors believe that at that point of her menstrual cycle, her womb was the perfect pH balance to grow these mud shrimp. Over night the eggs had hatched and the mud shrimp began doubling in size every ten minutes. You can imagine the pain she was in when she woke up that morning and gave birth to well over 1,000 mud shrimp in her toilet.

  62. Don't underestimate the enzymes by The+Tyro · · Score: 2, Interesting

    DNA in a living system is set up to automatically repair itself. Your body does this with a set of enzymes that finds damaged DNA, and rebuilds the damaged section, building off the other strand as a template (remember the double helix).

    However, there are people who either lack this enzyme, or have a genetic defect that makes this system nonfunctional... those people grow cancers like it's their job. The same thing happens to people on long-term immunosuppresive drugs (transplant patients, most notably).

    Your body also has something called apoptosis, or programmed cell death. Some cells die at a certain point in human development, because they are programmed to do so... Who knows what extending their telomeres will do to normal human embryology?

    Your body is hard-wired to take care of itself, and it does so pretty effectively. I can't help but wonder what kind of badness we'll create when we start monkeying with the human genome in earnest.

    --
    Even if a man chops off your hand with a sword, you still have two nice, sharp bones to stick in his eyes.
    1. Re:Don't underestimate the enzymes by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Your body also has something called apoptosis, or programmed cell death. Some cells die at a certain point in human development, because they are programmed to do so... Who knows what extending their telomeres will do to normal human embryology?

      Eeew... babies born with webbed fingers... eyes and mouths that don't open....

      Still, if it meant that their sacrifice allowed the rest of the human race to live forever.....

  63. MOD PARENT DOWN by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    uninformative and useless statement

  64. aS A Drunk biochemist i'll lend my thoughts... by 7-Vodka · · Score: 5, Interesting
    ok Ill bite. Disecting the article:
    Only a few daredevils, for example, would risk surgery to upgrade their vision from normal to extraordinary.
    This is mostly because the surgery (lasic) has a potential to go horribly wrong and doesn't give much better than 20/20.

    Athletes, enticed by fat contracts, Olympic medals, and fan adulation, will accept almost any health risk to steal an advantage.
    yes. Believe it or not a survey of athletes I read, said that 90+% would take *any* drug to improve their performance with or without serious side-effects. The key was *not getting caught*.

    Steroids and nutritional supplements-certified by home-run records and 350-pound offensive linemen-have already found their way to every major high-school sports program in the United States.
    This is true. But the *only* supplement that has been shown in real clinical trials to work is creatine. ALL THE OTHERS ARE BOGUS. And steroids REALLY work. But their side-effects are really fucking bad.

    Anyone who injects steroids can get very strong, but only if he lifts weights regularly
    You don't *necessarily* have to lift weights for steroids to build muscle, but it helps a lot.

    In recent years, doctors have been virtually dragging seniors to the weight room to get them buffed up.
    Yes, this is because the benefit is FUCKING ENOURMOUS. take this to heart old people reading /.

    The IGF gene is a multitasker.
    Bad analogy. What they're trying to get at is that IGF genes turn on many other responses both at the genetic level and other. It turns on other genes and interacts with many pathways. It's a controler gene.

    Both MGF and IGF-1 encourage muscles to grow. Yeah. just watch out for the shitty side effects.. like CANCER.

    Goldspink hopes MGF could be a therapy for the sick and frail
    Yes, here's the deal... Frail people, the elderly, those who are lacking in what these genes provide are the ones who will recieve the biggest benefit with the least side-effects. This is important.

    The technique for inserting the gene into muscles is not complicated
    Yes it bloody well is. don't lie. Right now, it's bloody complicated.

    Although Goldspink's experiment resulted in Schwarzenegger mice, that doesn't mean that MGF will successfully pump up normal humans
    Theres a bloody good chance of it tho. I'd lay money on it.

    And as for IGF-1, it may have health risks that MGF does not
    ok, let's make this clear. Don't take IGF-1. It DOES cause a lot of death-leading problems. heart failure AND cancer are just 2 of them.

    Athletes are already experimenting with IGF-1
    This HAS lead to deaths. It doesn't appear from the research that taking IGF-1 is safe at any level. But human trials are not done because we have laws in the U.S. against killing people for the sake of research.

    On EPO:
    Here is the trade-off. More bloodcells = slightly better performance & slightly increased risk of clogging your arteries. My opinion is nature worked out the proper ratio.
    In fact, if you exercise regularly you will be amazed at how much you are rewarded.
    You can start fucking around with your body. It can produce very large effects. But you're fucking with millions of years of evolution. You better have a good reason. There *might* be situations where it's beneficial. For example, humans evolved to fit an environment where food was a little more scarce than nowadays. That's why people are overweight. Evolution didn't get it wrong.. we changed the rules. But for a HECK of a lot of other things, evolution has found the perfect balance... don't fuck with millions of years of trial & error. That's all I have to say. Yes, if you have a genetic disease, then you're merely correcting the "error" part of "trial & error". Don't forget that without the error part there's no trial part and no improvement..

    Look I'm really sorry if I've just laid drunken post on you guys.
    I just felt like saying something because I happen to be a few things. A /. & gnu/Linux geek, a biochemist and a bodybuilder.

    I felt like opining. Some of my opinions are based on research I've read for classes. Other parts are just speculation.

    --

    Liberty.

    1. Re:aS A Drunk biochemist i'll lend my thoughts... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Informative
      Anyone who injects steroids can get very strong, but only if he lifts weights regularly



      You don't *necessarily* have to lift weights for steroids to build muscle, but it helps a lot.


      Wrong! You can juice all you want, but without progressive resistance training your body won't be forced to adapt - i.e. build new muscle.

    2. Re:aS A Drunk biochemist i'll lend my thoughts... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      well, you may say that but I have known people who have juiced without any resistance traning and built muscle & lost bodyfat. No they didn't become huge but there was visible difference.

    3. Re:aS A Drunk biochemist i'll lend my thoughts... by Iainuki · · Score: 1
      Here is the trade-off. More bloodcells = slightly better performance & slightly increased risk of clogging your arteries. My opinion is nature worked out the proper ratio.

      The proper ratio to what end? Without more context, this is hard to know: after all, your average modern human has very different activity patterns and diet than even humans who lived 5,000 thousand years ago. Moreoever, the human population has natural variation in this characteristic; that's what makes exceptional athletes exceptional. I am not inclined to underestimate the value of natural selection's solutions to difficult problems, but without more analysis (that we probably don't have the understanding to do yet), I'm not ocnfident that they're best. It's also good to keep in mind that we don't share all of natural selection's goals: if I can enhance my reproductive success by dying, natural selection will be happy to help it along, but that isn't what I want.

    4. Re:aS A Drunk biochemist i'll lend my thoughts... by cyko500 · · Score: 0

      You don't build new muscle. You increase the mass of preexisting muscle. Nervous and muscular tissue do not divide. Steroids will make you stronger without lifting weights, but not to the extent that your brainless jock idiot would want.
      Increased testosterone causes your muscles to produce more organelles, especially mitochondria, regardless of lifting. Steriods basically magnify the effect of whatever work your mucles do.

    5. Re:aS A Drunk biochemist i'll lend my thoughts... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Insightful

      I agree totally with you. I am not a biochemist but I am a recreational bodybuilder and have been one for 7yrs. When I started I used every suppliment and bullshit imaginable and saw eithr amazing but shortlived results or decent result and a but load of health problems. three years ago I called it quits with all that artificial shit and decided that all I was going to do was eat healthy and train hard. HOLY CRAP what a difference! I gained so much muscle I had stretch marks in two weeks! And my energy was through the roof. As far as all that genetic tampering I think its too much too soon, some scientists want to make a name for their self so bad that their willing to do anything. My personal opinion is that there is some unforscene danger in all that genetic tampering.

  65. Cryogenics by Nestle (c) by whitemandancing · · Score: 5, Interesting

    Since ice is crystalline, and crystals are inherently sharp, ice can easily damage any soft tissue.
    There is research being done now that involves this neat little frog. The North American Wood Frog survives winter by freezing. It freezes during the cold, and actually thaws when the weather heats up. It can do this because of the excess of sugar stores in it's body.

    Personally, I think that this is totally the way to go, so long as we can figure out a way to counteract the massive amounts of sugar we'd need to retain. It's all rather neat, imho. =)

  66. $$$$$exyGal is a filthy Karma whoring slut by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    and is also a man who would really like to believe he is a woman... hows the therapy going $ girl lost your mind yet!!!!

  67. Speeding up the OTHER Evolution by BigBlockMopar · · Score: 0, Offtopic

    Speaking of Evolution, I really wish that Ximian would speed up theirs.

    It takes it 8 minutes to exit on my PIII-500. I refuse to believe that I should need to upgrade an e-mail drone beyond that.

    If there were truth in advertising, Ximian would have called it Continental Drift.

    --
    Fire and Meat. Yummy.
    1. Re:Speeding up the OTHER Evolution by Bob+Abooey · · Score: 1
      Amen my brother.

      At first I thought that's what this article was about and I wildly clicked on the read more link to see just how I can stop evolution from taking 10 seconds to display a new message after I click on the message...

      Imagine my disapointment when I started reading and actually found they mean the real evolution and not the ponderously slow email program...

      --

      All the best,
      --Bob

  68. an annual cedes to the perennials by gobbo · · Score: 2, Insightful
    Sometimes I look at my 2 and 5 year old and wonder whether they'll be the first generation of the truly long-lived, and know that if they are I probably won't make it with them.

    Then I get that sense of parental wonder, what are these amazing little beings going to get up to... and the prospect of them staving off aging stretches that wonder out another order of magnitude.

  69. Slightly off topic... by m00nun1t · · Score: 4, Interesting

    But your post raises an interesting question: is beauty an absolute or relative concept? If through some genetic manipulation everyone becomes "beautiful" (by current standards), does that then fail to be beautiful? Is beautiful beautiful because of the (pleasant) way it differs from the "norm"? Or will we be in heaven living in a world of super models?

    Food for thought...

    1. Re:Slightly off topic... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Insightful

      More likely that people will be able to disregard physical beauty more readily. Since everyone will have it, other characteristics will become more useful in determining desirability, such as your wits.

    2. Re:Slightly off topic... by nounderscores · · Score: 1

      Not to mention your ability to stand up without assistance, resist skin cancer and avoid breaking in half in a stiff wind... all qualities which the designers of Barbie took as secondary or tertary requirements when they wrote up the spec.

    3. Re:Slightly off topic... by Carnivorous+Carrot · · Score: 1

      Girl: God damn it! Does EVERYBODY have a 6' cock?!?!?

      --
      "Has [being a kidnapped teenage girl, raped repeatedly for months] changed you?" - Katie Couric to Elizabeth Smart
    4. Re:Slightly off topic... by Trinn · · Score: 1

      Given that my concept of "beautiful" is against th e currently held concept of at the very least the American culture - I prefer something that used to be considered beautiful in at least some places, the voluptuous pear-shaped figure - narrow shoulders, straightish waist, wide hips, big behind, thick thighs, big breasts, generally soft/chubby but no 'rolls' and a flattish (not bulgy) tummy) - anyway, given that I prefer that and that is not what the american perception of beauty is (and I'm an american), I think that beauty cannot possibly be an absolute.

    5. Re:Slightly off topic... by Carnivorous+Carrot · · Score: 1

      Here's the sad part: Even the chicks will.

      --
      "Has [being a kidnapped teenage girl, raped repeatedly for months] changed you?" - Katie Couric to Elizabeth Smart
    6. Re:Slightly off topic... by HiThere · · Score: 2, Informative

      There have been some studies. Increasing symmetry increases both beauty and blandness. At some level (varies) people start preferring more interesting features over more beautiful ones. There are also correlations with what your parents looked like, and what your cousins looked like, etc. Generally people like to marry people who look similar enough to their parents to be their second cousins. But this isn't necessarily what they will consider most beautiful.

      This stuff was reported in Science News a couple or three years ago. I don't remember the author or title though.

      --

      I think we've pushed this "anyone can grow up to be president" thing too far.
    7. Re:Slightly off topic... by Dr.+Spork · · Score: 2, Insightful
      This is such a boring objection...

      Do you honestly think that if we could have complete control over our appearance we would choose to simply look like some supermodel? Well, I'm sure some people would, those with the creativity of a ant. The rest of us would become something cool.

      I know exactly what I would want:

      I'd wand really black skin, two small horns, and (most important) a thick layer of soft, white sheep wool (everywhere but on my face, hands, etc.). That way, I wouldn't have to think about what I want to wear when I go out. In the summers I'd have myself shorn so that I wouldn't get too hot, and I'd always be experimenting with dying my wool in various artistic ways. I suspect the chicks would love it (especially if my competition were a bunch of nobodys that look like Ken dolls). But even if the chicks wouldn't love it, I would.

      Philosophical afterword: Isn't it interesting how we usually think we should not praise or blame people for the things that are outside their control, but we have just the opposite attitude about their appearance. If somebody actually takes charge and dramatically alters their "natural" appearance, we critisize it for being "fake" and so somehow second-best. But we praise people who just look good naturally, even though we know they did absolutely nothing to earn our praise. Maybe these attitudes will change once controlling our appearance genetically becomes more common.

    8. Re:Slightly off topic... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Funny

      "I'd wand really black skin, two small horns, and (most important) a thick layer of soft, white sheep wool (everywhere but on my face, hands, etc.). That way, I wouldn't have to think about what I want to wear when I go out. In the summers I'd have myself shorn so that I wouldn't get too hot, and I'd always be experimenting with dying my wool in various artistic ways."

      You vote democrat, don't you?

    9. Re:Slightly off topic... by Galvatron · · Score: 1
      Certain features are considered universally attractive. In women, men prefer a high hip to waist ratio, small nose, and smooth skin. The first is a secondary female sex characteristic (same with breasts, but that was too obvious to bother mentioning), while the second two are signs of youth. Male attractiveness is more subject to individual differences, but muscules and broad shoulders seem to help.

      So, you're never going to end up with someone who's perfect through genetic engineering, but most of us could be at least moderately improved in appearance, and since these are instinctive beauty cues, we would still find them attractive despite the fact that it's now the norm. We would also still look like individuals, because clearly the above features do not dictate a person's entire appearance.

      --
      "The question of whether a computer can think is no more interesting than that of whether a submarine can swim" -EWD
    10. Re:Slightly off topic... by Scrameustache · · Score: 1

      Is beautiful beautiful because of the (pleasant) way it differs from the "norm"? Or will we be in heaven living in a world of super models?


      Lets ask Hugh Hefner!
      Where's that mansion of his again?

      : )

      --

      You can't take the sky from me...

    11. Re:Slightly off topic... by mattsucks · · Score: 1

      ... and how do we know what beauty really looks like? Maybe what we think beauty looks like, really looks like something else. That would explain why chicken looks like everything.

    12. Re:Slightly off topic... by rushiferu · · Score: 1

      What about cultures that have a different view of beauty. The "Thin is sexy" motto we seem to ascribe to here in the US doesn't hold up in all areas of the world. Hell, do a quick google search for fetish. Even here in the US different people seem to get off on a very wide array of physical traits. Of course, if I wake up tomorrow surrounded by supermodels I may not be posting on Slashdot very much in the forseeable future...

    13. Re:Slightly off topic... by dolo666 · · Score: 1

      I'll go out on a limb and say we'll be in Heaven, but we'll be dead from over-population. :)

    14. Re:Slightly off topic... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
      Is beautiful beautiful because of the (pleasant) way it differs from the "norm"? Or will we be in heaven living in a world of super models?

      I recall seeing some results from a research made from this matter years ago. Partisipants were shown pictures of several faces. The picture usually selected as most beautiful was a computer generated "average" from other pictures.

      It seems that "agerage is beautiful"

  70. /. gene? by m00nun1t · · Score: 1

    Is there a gene that will give everyone excellent karma?

    1. Re:/. gene? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Like a gene that will help people give out helpful information about an article instead of cracking a mediocre joke expecting karma?

      Nope.

  71. Determined... by pyrrho · · Score: 0, Offtopic

    While it's debatable, I hold that the answer to that is determined, it's clearly relative. It's subjective and conditioned. The part that is not conditioned but is genetic, that's not particularly forgiven from being relative because it's genetic... we all have unique genes. Genes expressions are also relative.

    But there are lots of underlying reasons that form the subjective judgement, some are no doubt advantageous and may have been selected by evolution. So I don't have a comment on beauty being an ideal vs. being a variation from the norm. I just apreciated the question of if it was absolute vs. relative.

    --

    -pyrrho

  72. Update Evolution !!! by Sam+the+Nemesis · · Score: 1

    It's high time that these guys update the Evolution. I clicked "Send" button around 30 minutes ago, and it still hasn't send the mail :-(

  73. I'd like my PFC's .. by Macka · · Score: 1

    .. to come in Blue, please.

    Macka

  74. Food for love... by Steeltoe · · Score: 1, Insightful

    I'd say this:

    A love that is dependent on beauty, is superficial and leads only to misery.

    So why be obsessed about superficial attributes such as beauty, strength and intelligence, when love is what we seek?

    When you have much love, beauty comes naturally. You even cannot have beauty, without love.

    1. Re:Food for love... by pivo · · Score: 1

      So why be obsessed about superficial attributes such as beauty, strength and intelligence, when love is what we seek?

      The answer may be because we're genetically programmed to be that way. At least according to Richard Dawkins (The Selfish Gene) and Nancy Etcoff Survival of the Prettiest . Perhaps our first attempt at genetic modification should be to get rid of the beauty-appreciation gene. On second thought, maybe not.

    2. Re:Food for love... by Steeltoe · · Score: 1

      In my experience, if you start choosing genuine - not superficial activities, you change your consciousness so that actually seeing pretty girls smoking, makes a BIG turn-off.

      Blaming your genes for being the way you are, is silly on the personal level. Why should it be so at the mass-level? It really isn't, it's all about raising the awareness of what we're doing, and what we could be doing instead.

      Of course, I agree that genes, history, etc, all play a certain influence. That is called karma. However, it doesn't have to make anybody into a victim if you don't let it. Just choose differently, and let other people know so. Don't do anything to please others, just because you want to be perceived as cool or anything. If you express your own truth, you'll really be cool and not a copy-cat.

  75. Story in Analog a long time ago by Greyfox · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Quite a while ago now I had a subscription to Analog (A sci fi magazine featuring short stories and speculation, most of which was pretty good.) One story dealt with a time when genetic engineering was becoming the norm. People whose parents had decided against tweaking their childrens' genes were unable to compete with the faster, stronger and smarter humans whose parents had decided to go the genetic engineering route. At one point a character mentions that they are seriously considering sueing their parents for screwing up any chance they could have had to do anything other than flip burgers.

    --

    I'm trying to teach myself to set people on fire with my mind... Is it hot in here?

  76. if it was so easy.. by simpsonc6 · · Score: 2, Insightful

    The human body is one of the most complex systems on earth. Its complexity is so mind buggling, and that parameters of the body are interrelated with a huge number of bodily functions. Therefore by tweaking one parameter of the system and claiming that it would enhance one feature of the body without having any effects on the rest of the system is rather naive. Such a tweak is most likely to have disastrous effects on othe body functions. If such a tweak was possible, evolution had long discovered it. The fact that such a tweak [which probably occurred during evolution] did not survive should make us think twice. Don't underestimate the "wisdom/intelligence" of evolution.

    1. Re:if it was so easy.. by praksys · · Score: 1, Insightful

      If such a tweak was possible, evolution had long discovered it.

      You are wrong in two respects. Your first mistake is in supposing that the psuedo-goals of evolution are the same as our goals. Our genes aim to propagate, but we have other interests. So a "tweak" that looks bad to evolution (perhaps women who are smarter but have fewer children) might look just fine to us. Your second mistake is to suppose that evolution made us well suited to our current environment. Most of our adaptive characteristics arose to meet environmental challenges that no longer exist. For example, first world citizens do not, and will never, have to worry about starving to death, so all of our adaptations for dealing with food scarcity are a either pointless or even dangerous.

      Evolution is slow. Environmental change is fast. There is no reason to think that we could not, sometimes at least, do a better job of matching ourselves to our environment than natural selection would.

    2. Re:if it was so easy.. by vidarh · · Score: 1
      As someone else has already pointed out, you are making assumptions about what would be evolutionary beneficial to us that simply doesn't hold.

      For example, there is little evolutionary advantage for us in remaining physically strong after we've had children and brought them up. And in todays society, physical strength is less and less of an evolutionary advantage even earlier.

      On the other hand, there has been a distinct evolutionary disadvantage in being stronger than "needed": Muscle mass burn more calories, which mean you'll need to eat more to sustain yourself. Now, for most people in industrialized countries today this is an advantage, not a problem, as an increasing number of us struggle to keep slim and fit, but someone with less muscle mass, more body fat and low metabolism would be much more likely to survive a famine.

      Now this is an example of a case where evolution doesn't match todays society, where being overweight is a problem for many people, and doesn't provide the advantage, as most of us don't have to deal with famine. It's possible evolution will eventually catch up, but even then evolution will always reflect only what makes us most likely to procreate and create offspring that will survive, not on what give us a chance to live long, healthy, full lives.

    3. Re:if it was so easy.. by jimmy_dean · · Score: 1

      New species forming (not natural selection, variation over time, etc...) does not, has not and never will exist. Life at the smallest level (the cell) is far too complex and interdependent to have evolved. Instead, the cell points more to an intelligent designer. *Sigh, just another example of a liberal media blowing the minority view up until the majority believes it.

      By the way, I like your end quote about Iraq. :)

      --
      -> Sometimes, you just gotta break free from the shackles of proprietary code.
    4. Re:if it was so easy.. by OneEyedApe · · Score: 1

      The single cell organisms you see now, with their great complexity and such forth, would be around version 3425.53.322451 (think linux kernel versioning) if they were software. Given the life span of a single cell and the kind of time (millions upon billions of years) we are dealing with, I fail to see why we must have an intelligent designer.

      --
      Life sucks, but death doesn't put out at all....
      --Thomas J. Kopp
    5. Re:if it was so easy.. by jimmy_dean · · Score: 1

      Because if you would read Dr. Behe's book Darwin's Black Box, you would realize that parts of the cell, and therefore the cell itself, are irreducibly complex - meaning all or nothing. Parts of the cell must form all at once (aka by a creator) or not at all. Like an example given by Dr. Behe, a mouse trap - is irreducibly complex. Take away any part of the device, and the device as a whole fails to operate at all. And using natural selection itself, such a thing would die off because it would be completely worthless. Yeah it's really easy to say given billions and trillions of years anything could happen. But it's more likely for my black labrador to learn to use a writing utensil and write a 1500 page novel that sells more copies than Charles Dickens ever did. Do some basic probability calculations and you'll see just how impossible evolution is.

      --
      -> Sometimes, you just gotta break free from the shackles of proprietary code.
    6. Re:if it was so easy.. by praksys · · Score: 1

      Take a look at "The Blind Watchmaker" by Richard Dawkins. It's really a great read, and I think it is still one of the best introductions to the idea of evolution you can get.

      I have never met anyone who thought the theory of evolution was false and actually understood it.

      Parts of the cell must form all at once (aka by a creator) or not at all.

      Try talking to a real biologist about this sort of claim and they will quickly show you why it is nonsense. Consider any symbiotic relationship (two species that are biologically dependent on eachother). Although it is true that you cannot have one species without the other - each would die if the other were not available - there is no reason at all to think that this was always true. At some point in the past each species must have lived independently of the other, but then they gradually changed to become interdependent. The dependency that we see today is no evidence at all that the species were always dependent on eachother.

    7. Re:if it was so easy.. by jimmy_dean · · Score: 1

      So you're saying Dr. Behe is not a real biologist? And who are you then? Are you one of the world's leading biologists with tens of published documents and books on the subject? Do you have a New York Times bestseller? I mean anyone can say "look at a real biologist", and "if you actually understood it [evolution]." This is exactly the same type of hype that has given evolution the appearance of any kind of credibility. And what's so hard about admitting that there is a creator? It is far easier to say than to say evolution "created" all that exists...plus it's far self-evident.

      --
      -> Sometimes, you just gotta break free from the shackles of proprietary code.
    8. Re:if it was so easy.. by praksys · · Score: 1

      From the World of Dawkins we get the following:

      Yes, Michael Behe is a scientist, but is "Intelligent Design" science? If so, it will be the first science established without a single technical paper published for peer-review, including zero by Behe himself. For some reason he has decided to completely bypass professional review and go directly to a Darwin-doubting public. But more to the point, what is wrong with this book?...

      If you want to find out what is wrong with the book take a look here. A short summary would be that Behe starts out with an interesting question but then goes on to supply a series of shoddy argumements, half-truths, and occasional outright falsehoods, in support of a very dubious answer to his original question.

      I mean anyone can say "look at a real biologist", and "if you actually understood it [evolution]." This is exactly the same type of hype that has given evolution the appearance of any kind of credibility.

      You seem to think that it is unreasonable to ask that you understand a theory before you decide that it is false. It is not.

    9. Re:if it was so easy.. by jimmy_dean · · Score: 1

      You keep on insisting that I do not understand the theory of evolution. Though I don't pretend to know it all, I do claim to understand a good portion of it. So please do not think that I ignorantly decide that evolution is false. And I am not talking about micro-evolution either, I believe that is a fact and it occurs every second of everyday. I however, do not believe in the Big Bang or the new Sheets Theory nor that the entire universe was formed by either. I do not believe that all of the species on this earth formed from inorganic chemicals.

      I read over the world-of-dawkins and I still say that Behe's ideas are sound and not far fetched. How could he go to his peers when they all seem to share your views about evolution? They would have laughed him out of a job. That website gets more specific than most pro-evolution websites that I've read over the years, but it's still too general. How do you propose the universe began? If you primarily believe in the Big Bang, where did all of the infinitly dense matter in a single point come from? And what did it expand into if everything was inside that dense point? I believe and trust in good science, but come on...my dog could have written a better story. And please try and answer all of my questions and points.

      --
      -> Sometimes, you just gotta break free from the shackles of proprietary code.
    10. Re:if it was so easy.. by OneEyedApe · · Score: 1

      Most, if not all of the scientists who support the theory of evolution and/or the big bang do not claim to have all the answers. There are still many questions.

      --
      Life sucks, but death doesn't put out at all....
      --Thomas J. Kopp
    11. Re:if it was so easy.. by praksys · · Score: 1

      I however, do not believe in the Big Bang or the new Sheets Theory...

      Cosmology and biology are entirely different fields. Current theories of the development of the universe have very little, if anything, to do with the theory of evolution, and the evidence for the two types of theory are entirely independent. I should add that the philosophical issues at the bottom of each type of theory are also entirely different.

      In the case of cosmology the philosophical question is something like "where did all the stuff that makes up the universe come from?" Traditionally the three available answers have been "from nothing" or "it has always been here", or "from God". Of course the God answer simply shifts the problem back one step to the question of "where did God come from?" Traditionally the two available answers have been "from nothing" and "he has always been here". See a pattern forming here? David Hume did, which led him somewhat sarcastically to suggest a third answer to the God question as well, namely "from a super-God".

      In the case of biology the philosophical question is, roughly speaking, "how did all this biological stuff get so well organised?" Traditionally the only answer available was "God designed it that way" (Hume, as you might expect wanted to know how God got to be so well organised). The theory of evolution provides an answer to this philosophical problem. It shows how any structure that replicates can become better organised over time.

      Whether you like the modern answers to the problems or not, my point here is just that they are different problems with different answers. You should not confuse your disagreement with one for disagreement with the other.

      How could he go to his peers when they all seem to share your views about evolution?

      This is the usual complaint of most cranks. The best answer is just to point out all the responses to his work that were not mere ridicule, but were careful explanations of why his arguments do not work, and why his factual claims are often false. A lot of biologists believe in God, and many more simply do not care whether God exists or not. If Behe's work had any scientific merit then there would be plenty of scientists to give it a fair hearing.

      How do you propose the universe began?

      I don't propose that the universe "began". I don't think it is the kind of thing that can have a begining, any more than a cicle can have a begining. I canot imagine how time could have an end. Why should I imagine that it had a start? But all of this is beside the point. The question of whether the universe came from has nothing to do with biology or the theory of evolution.

    12. Re:if it was so easy.. by jimmy_dean · · Score: 1

      Thank you for that response. That was an excellent reponse to my last posting and I appreciate your thoughtful answers, seriously. The reason why I lump the two fields together, cosmology and the theory of evolution from biology, is because in my mind it's and all or nothing situation. I either believe God is responsible for how the universe began and also how it is in its current complex state. If I chose not to believe in God (whom I obviously believe in which is my bias), then I'd want an explanation for the whole gammit. I'd like to know if God didn't start it and time is infinite, how is time the supreme force in the universe then? How did the whole concept of "being" even come to be? Without God there is a line of reasoning that keeps going further and further back into time without an end explanation necessarily. When chosing between the two: time being infinite or God being infinite, I'd chose God any day. A supreme being who is outside of time or an unconscious force that has only one direction, forward, and cannot do anything else. All powerful, versus one task. It's not a hard decision for me. But that's not the only reason why I believe in God...the whole history of mankind serves as a testimony as to why I believe in God. If I may ask, are you a professional biologist? Meaning, is that what your college degree is in and what you do on a daily basis?

      --
      -> Sometimes, you just gotta break free from the shackles of proprietary code.
    13. Re:if it was so easy.. by praksys · · Score: 1

      When chosing between the two: time being infinite or God being infinite, I'd chose God any day.

      You might have heard of a principle called Ockam's Razor. His orginal principle was that we should not multiply metaphysical entities, but the modern version is that we should prefer simple explanations over complex explanations, if they do the same explanatory work.

      While the principle sounds straight forward enough, it can be hard to say exactly which of two explanations is most simple. Now it seems to me that you prefer the God explanation because it seems simple to you, or at least easier to comprehend, but if you really think about the explanation it is really quite hard to comprehend. Even leaving asside all the traditional puzzles about the existence of God (divine foreknowledge, the problem of evil, and so on) we still have to wonder how something could come to exist that knows everything, can do anything, and which is morally perfect, and which is infinite in every other respect. Such a thing is far more complex than anything ever suggested in scientific theories.

      But that's not the only reason why I believe in God...the whole history of mankind serves as a testimony as to why I believe in God.

      I tend to think the opposite. I would hate to think that so much evil had taken place while a god stood by and watched. Better to think that he was never there.

      If I may ask, are you a professional biologist? Meaning, is that what your college degree is in and what you do on a daily basis?

      I started out in physics and computer science, but I now do political philosophy.

    14. Re:if it was so easy.. by jimmy_dean · · Score: 1

      Well I don't choose the God vs. time being infinite route because God is easier to believe in. I choose it because I have experienced God myself which is not open to scientific scrutiny. I also believe in God because of the history of the man Jesus. It is not disputed that he actually lived. Yeah, certain religions may say he never existed but most do and most modern scholars won't deny that he really existed. You'd probably dispute the history of Jesus saying the Biblical stories of Jesus are not accurate and paint a false picture of him. But I've done the studying, I've read the books, I've done the debates...most of the extra-Biblical history of Jesus is highly speculative and very inconsistent with other written history of Jesus. That is why Jesus is the rock that is available to hold onto and know he will not waver. How is it hard to believe in a God when God became man and lived among us? It is much harder to believe that a purely random, completely unintelligent force such as time is the "god" of the universe than a perfect, almighty, all-knowing God. Yeah, if there wasn't evidence that God exists and Jesus never lived on Earth I'd probably agree with you. But look at the facts, they all point back to God. Just as you look at the world and see the order and intelligence around you as arrising from random mutations due to infinite time, I see it as order and intelligence coming straight in the style of a great and almighty God. But I won't convince you of that, only a real experience from the one God will convince you otherwise.

      --
      -> Sometimes, you just gotta break free from the shackles of proprietary code.
  77. You can't speed up evolution... by Duckie01 · · Score: 2, Insightful


    Since evolution doesn't have speed... or goal.

    1. Re:You can't speed up evolution... by badhack · · Score: 1
      Evolution has no goal, but it has a rate of change.

      badhack

    2. Re:You can't speed up evolution... by Duckie01 · · Score: 1


      So what rate? Counting genes? Species? The rate at which mankind destroys everything else? The amount of energy flowing through Earth' ecosystems?

      What's a higher rate, the step from simple stuff to single cell beings, or to multiple cell beings, or to intelligent beings...

      What's more successful... mankind, or the HIV virus killing it...

      What's more successful... the BILLIONS of worms in the ground, responsible for a lot of good ecological shit, or , probably the first to die when an ecosystem starts to erode and collapse...

      What's progression... the extinction of dino's? Is that progression? Yet it's that what ultimately gave us mammals the chance... What's the higher rate of change?

      Who's more succesfull in life... the business man with his big business building... or the birds shitting on it while flying through the sky... The dino's way of paying us back ;-)

      What's a higher rate of change... one new gene, or the spread of it through half a population... which is more evolution...

      It's all change... so what exactly is it that you'd want to count, and more importantly, why just that?

      Point being, count something else and your high rate will often turn into a low one...

      Speed up one, slow down another. Which aspect is more evolution?

    3. Re:You can't speed up evolution... by badhack · · Score: 1
      It could be any of them. Evolution is pretty abstract and it depends on how you look at it.

      As far as success goes, what is here now has been successful up to this point.

      As far as which one is faster, who cares???

      badhack

    4. Re:You can't speed up evolution... by Duckie01 · · Score: 1
      It could be any of them. Evolution is pretty abstract and it depends on how you look at it.

      Exactly... it depends on how you look at it. Whichever viewpoint you choose, it assumes a goal to evolution.

      As far as success goes, what is here now has been successful up to this point.

      Of course... but does that also mean dino's were less successful than us, because they're gone (though birds might be their descendends) ?

      Could you say ALL homo habilis were successful, just because some evolved to homo sapiens? Had they not, then suddenly homo habilis could be seen as unsuccessful...?

      Success also assumes a goal. Very much even ;P

      As far as which one is faster, who cares???

      Well anyone wanting to "speed up evolution", I guess.



      I did use the preview button this time... here's what missed last time I didn't:

      What's more successful... the BILLIONS of worms in the ground, responsible for a lot of good ecological shit, or <insert your favorite predator here>, probably the first to die when an ecosystem starts to erode and collapse...

  78. Did anyone else read the header and think... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Funny

    ...why does an email client need to be turbocharged?

  79. Superman? Why Not? by Mossfoot · · Score: 3, Interesting

    The way I see it, we've been fighting evolution since the moment we created civilization. We help our sick and prolong the lives of people who otherwise would never have a chance to procreate.

    Heck, 1 in 3 or 1 in 4 of us need to wear glasses these day... I wonder if most animals suffer the equivelent proportions of bad eyesight within their species?

    Now I'm not against helping out the sick and weak whatsoever. Though we are animals we have the opportunity to be better than animals (note I say opportunity, it is not a freebie, gotta work for it). But I still if we are going to fight evolution, we should use whatever backdoor we can find to strengthen us as a species.

    Let's just hope we don't make ourselves genetically similar enough to let a single flu bug wipe us out later ;)

    --
    Fuzzy Knights: New RPG Strips Tuesday and Friday!:
    http://www.fuzzyknights.com
  80. All life is cloned life by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    After everyone dies the cloned people remain because they developed superior genes that never die.

  81. Re:WOULD SOMEONE PLEASE MOD PARENT DOWN!!! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    HAHAHAHAHA! Suck it, dicknose! No mod points for you!

  82. Speeding up Evolution? Right... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

    They think they can speed up a mail client by giving it features like blood? This is going to be even more bloated than Outlook... not good.

  83. Eeek. by EnsilZah · · Score: 1

    Only the vault-dweller can save us from this great meance. =o

  84. telepathic abilties.. by vertias · · Score: 1

    I want my telepathic abilities so I can read what those damn women are thinking.. its such a bloody mission.

  85. technology won't make us happy by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Insightful
    "We can rebuild him. Make him stronger... faster..." Slate.com has a great article on next generation gene research that promises to build "Supermen" or "Superwomen" out of us all. Insulin-like Growth Factor genes to make us stronger without ever visiting a weight room. EPO to generate more red blood cells and enable us to run "forever." Engineered human "Blood" to speed up evolution, so that we become less susceptible to disease and injury."
    Science has found yet another way to make us less human. Why am I not pleased.
  86. Eugenics vs. Genetic Engineering by Selanit · · Score: 5, Informative

    Genetic engineering != eugenics. They're two completely different ideas.


    That may need a little elaboration, as the two touch on related areas.

    Eugenics is a theory which holds that certain individuals are innately superior to others, and that the superior few are vastly outnumbered by the inferior many. If you accept these two premises, then it follows that the inferior many are sure to reproduce faster than the superior few, with the result that the characteristics of the superior individuals will be lost. Basically, a eugenicist sees the world in terms of a conflict between those with big brains and those with big dicks. In order to improve the species, therefore, a eugenicist will attempt to discourage the inferior from procreating, and encourage the superior.

    The biggest problem with this theory is figuring out how to tell who's superior and who's inferior. The answer depends on how you ask the question, and on what your beliefs are about what would constitute a "superior" human being. The Nazis believed that a certain physical type was superior -- blond hair, blue eyes, extremely fair skin, what they called "Aryan". They conducted experiments attempting to further these characteristics; for example they would take a pair of brown-eyed twins, and inject chemicals into their eyes in an attempt to change the eye-color to blue. This particular study was carried out at Auschwitz by Josef Mengele, the Angel of Death.

    If, on the other hand, you are an American eugenicist, what you do to separate the inferior and the superior is come up with the Intellectual Quotient Test and administer it to all schoolchildren. Those who do well are deemed fit, and allowed to do things like take college prep courses in high school. Those who are deemed unfit are only allowed to take classes in, say, technical arts, thereby preparing them for a lifetime working as drones in a factory. Also, you get laws passed in many states requiring the forced sterilization of any person below a certain IQ level who attempts to reproduce. You might also conduct studies such as the Tuskegee Syphilis Experiments which were begun with the understanding that the subjects would be black because black men are naturally more lascivious than white men, and therefore more likely to have syphilis. These experiments were funded by Congress, continued for four decades, involved hideously painful procedures like spinal fluid taps, and worst of all the subjects were never told that they had syphilis. By the time they found out, it was far too late for any of them to seek treatment.

    Eugenics is no longer an accepted theory. It depends on an arbitrary vision of what constitutes "superiority", and led to some truly barbaric practices, both in Germany and in the United States. I do not know how well the theory was received in other countries. I am, however, truly grateful that it is no longer accepted.

    Genetic engineering, on the other hand, is a technique for the modification of living creatures by altering their genetic structure. It could very easily be used for eugenics, but has other more benign purposes as well.

    There are two kinds of genetic engineering. One involves the modification of an existing organism. For example, take a child afflicted with cystic fibrosis, a genetic disease which causes the lungs to fill with mucus, thereby making it extremely difficult to breathe. That child might be treated by inhaling a vapor of specially created viruses that insert themselves into the affected lung cells and alter their genetic code in such a way that they stop producing the mucus. This is also known as gene therapy.

    The other form of genetic engineering involves modifying an organism before it starts growing. Thus you might take a fertilized egg and modify its DNA prior to its implantation in the wall of the mother's womb. Since all cells in the body ultimately derive from that egg, your modification would change the fundamental nature of the adult organism. Genetic modifications have been carried out on plants, for example to make them resistant to a particular disease, or to increase the per-acre yield of a food crop. You yourself have probably eaten such genetically modified food. It is quite common in America; less so in Europe, where there are a great many people who protest against it.

    Genetic engineering is a field which has enormous potential for good -- the elimination of genetic diseases like cystic fibrosis. If two people are aware that their child might suffer from CF, they could perform an artificial insemination of an egg which had been "fixed", or avoid the disease simply by choosing an egg that wasn't affected in the first place. On the other hand, genetic engineering also has a staggering potential for abuse. A genetic engineer could not only cure diseases, but also create entirely new ones. The new disease might be used in biological warfare. It is conceivable (though currently not possible) that genetic engineering might be able to create a contagious mutagen -- a virus that would spread throughout the population, and make a particular modification within the bodies of the victims. Imagine if the Nazis had been able to create a virus that would alter the eggs and testicles of those who contracted it. They could have ensured that the next generation would be blond and blue-eyed, against the will of the parents.

    Then, of course, there is the danger that we might screw up. We know a lot about genetics now, but there's even more that's not well understood. Sequencing out a full human gene doesn't mean that we understand how all the parts interact with another. There are large portions of the genome that don't seem to do anything (introns) . . . but then again maybe they do, and we just haven't figured it out quite yet. Then there's the fact that one sequence of DNA might control or contribute to three or four different finished structures. If you alter it to give a child green eyes, you might also cause the child to be bald. (That's just an example, I have no idea if the sequences controlling hair production and eye color are at all related.)

    Basically, we don't know enough at this point to engage in wholesale manipulation of human genetics. We should not outlaw it -- the genie is out of the bottle, and if we tried outlawing it, the research would merely be undertaken by unethical scientists with little or no oversight. On the other hand, we should NOT perform modifications of human beings without a clear idea of what we're doing and a damn good reason to do it. Giving your kid a particular eye color is NOT a good reason for genetic engineering. Avoiding cystic fibrosis is acceptable. Engineering for more abstract qualities -- musical talent, mathematical skill, linquistic ability -- should be avoided at all costs until we have some idea what the hell we're doing. We don't even know if those qualities are controlled by genes; in the process of trying it out we might very well screw up and make some truly horrible mistakes. Note that many autistic people are also extremely good at math.

    Then there are the social issues. Genetic engineering is expensive. If we're not careful, it could become a way for the wealthy to reinforce their dominance over world affairs. It is natural to want to give your child every advantage in life that you can; but doing so can simultaneously disadvantage other people's children.

    In short, genetic engineering of humans is problematic. It could provide some unparalleled benefits to the human species . . . but it is also an ethical minefield, and could easily be turned to selfish or downright evil purposes.
    1. Re:Eugenics vs. Genetic Engineering by Brian+Stretch · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Then there are the social issues. Genetic engineering is expensive. If we're not careful, it could become a way for the wealthy to reinforce their dominance over world affairs. It is natural to want to give your child every advantage in life that you can; but doing so can simultaneously disadvantage other people's children.

      Or, as with every other new technology, the wealthy will pay for the privilege of being guinea pigs (aka "early adopters") which the rest of the population will benefit from later. Wealthy patrons (and/or governments) could be benevolent and sponsor poor and needy patients in need of genetic engineering (your cystic fibrosis example, for instance), if they don't mind risking being accused of using the poor as lab rats in their scheme for global hegemony or some other paranoid fantasy du jour.

      I don't mean for that to be a flame, I'm just trying to point out that intentions can be spun in all sorts of ways depending on a person's point of view. Given the heavy populist prejudice against "the rich" this issue is likely going to get very messy, as you described.

    2. Re:Eugenics vs. Genetic Engineering by tgibbs · · Score: 1
      You might also conduct studies such as the Tuskegee Syphilis Experiments [npr.org] which were begun with the understanding that the subjects would be black because black men are naturally more lascivious than white men, and therefore more likely to have syphilis.

      Actually, no. At the time of the Tuskegee experiments, the accepted medical wisdom was that black men could not get tertiary (brain syphillis) because their brains were so underdeveloped, so there was no need to treat them to prevent this complication. The experiment was started by relatively progressive doctors who didn't believe this notion, and wanted to prove this incorrect so as to improve the treatment of black people for syphilis. So the "no treatment" group was actually getting the accepted standard of care for the time. Unfortunately, the experiment took on its own momentum (the "we've come this far" syndrome), and was continued long after the "primitive nervous system" notion had been generally abandoned as the racist crap that it was.

    3. Re:Eugenics vs. Genetic Engineering by Sentry21 · · Score: 4, Interesting

      It depends on an arbitrary vision of what constitutes "superiority", and led to some truly barbaric practices, both in Germany and in the United States. I do not know how well the theory was received in other countries. I am, however, truly grateful that it is no longer accepted.

      Eugenics was adopted in most major Western nations. The United States more or less led the way, Britain, Canada, several other countries soon followed. What's interesting to note here is that Germany actually came into the game extremely late compared to the rest of the Western world, and that the Eugenics laws in Germany were formed and passed before the instatement of the Nazi party. The Nazis just happened to take it up with a vengance.

      A little history for the crowd: Eugenics rose from the ideas of Social Darwinism, which of course rose from Darwin's ideas of evolution, though Darwin was rather appalled by Social Darwinism and never supported it at all. Social Darwinism took the ideas of evolution and applied them to society. The idea was that society, like nature, would become increasingly better over time, by nature of evolution. Those who fit in well with society and contributed would help advance society, and those who were a drag on society would fall by the wayside, and the ideas taken on by society would evolve and become better, closer and closer to perfect. This caused great hope amongst the people - don't worry, there's nothing bad around the corner, because society will continue to get better indefinitely. Talk about cheery ideas.

      Then someone had the bright idea of meddling. We cull our herds, we cull our crops. We breed the best with the best to make even better, don't we? Why shouldn't we do that to humanity? We'll take the best and brightest and encourage them to reproduce, often, and we'll... well, we'll cull the sick and useless from the herds so they don't taint the stock. And so they did. Eugenics laws involving sterilization of the sick, the feeble-minded, the low of society, were passed, and how. Leilani Muir is a perfect example. An Albertan girl, 'feeble minded', she was sterilized. Today, her IQ is measured at around the 90's, I believe, and she's perfectly capable of functioning in society. They didn't care. It was for the glory of society.

      Eugenics laws were gleefully adopted by everyone... Then World War II came. The Nazis came, and they took Eugenics to the logical extreme, and the world watched in horror at what lay at the end of the path they all had decided to travel down. Laws were thrown out, lawsuits were filed, and everything went to shit. People realized that ideal society was something we'd have to work towards, that there was no free ride. Supposedly. Some governments, including some in Canada, took as late as the 1970s to repeal their Eugenics laws, even though they weren't being used. Sad, but at least it happened.

      So, for anyone who thinks that racial superiority and the like was born with the Nazis, think again. Canadians, Americans, Britons, we're guilty, because we started it. The Nazis took it to the extreme all at once, but I fear that if they hadn't been so quick about it, that might've been the way the rest of our societies went.

      Frightening.

      --Dan

    4. Re:Eugenics vs. Genetic Engineering by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Well, sort of. In our society, people with IQs below 95 are normally at a pretty serious disadvantage. For the folks who don't know, 100 is "normal", 85 is one SD below and people at that level can be trained but will be clearly less bright. Reading will take them longer. They will not always make quick decisions well. 70 is "educable retarded". You can train them to push a broom, wait for a bus, and so on. They will always be at about the mental age of a six year old normal child. People at 115 should do well in college or a detailed skill (electrician, deisel tech), people at 130 can be doctors and attorneys and engineers, people at 145-160 are the very good doctors, surgeons, and engineers.

      So, when you are dealing with people who have IQs of 90, they will have trouble with stuff. About 95% of all people in American prisons have IQs under 100. You can argue about the causes all day, but the reality is that IQ correlated very clearly with law-abiding behavior. (That is one of the reasons why white collar crime is so hard for criminologists to understand -- it follows very few patterns.) If IQ is 70-80 percent heritable (which basically everyone agrees with who actually practices real science), then sterilizing as many people as possible under 95 or 100 IQ points will make society better from the lack of crime alone, apart from higher productivity, fewer health problems, and so on.

      Now, Canada has some weird, facistic aspects that I have always found disconcerting (and yeah, I'm fron Georgia). People gleefully talking about taking drunk Indians outside of town after beating them up to freeze to death, trying to hit hitchhikers with truck mirrors, and so on. So, it doesn't surprise me that Canada took that long to give into the liberal idiots about eugenics. You have to look at it though less through the lens of "the progress of humane science" and more as the liberals winning another one. The reasons why eugenics is so awful, evil, and just flat mean are based on bad science, bad thinking, and a lot of hysteria. It *is* thinning the herd. Trust me, you may have never been out of a comfortable middle class background around people who are white, well off, never have to worry about money, and so on, but from the perspective of the Georgia cracker, there are a lot of folks out there who shouldn't breed. If you had grown up around them, you would agree.

    5. Re:Eugenics vs. Genetic Engineering by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Insightful
      About 95% of all people in American prisons have IQs under 100. You can argue about the causes all day, but the reality is that IQ correlated very clearly with law-abiding behavior.

      Actually, I would say that all it proves is that stupid criminals are easier to catch than smart ones. ;-)

  87. "You don't want to make me angry" by ridabug · · Score: 0, Troll

    Signed, The Hulk

  88. Wait a minute by xeno-cat · · Score: 1

    You say that animals generaly have the same number of heart beats in a life time and than state that a mouse can live 3x as long by physicaly capping the DNA strands.

    It does'nt add up.

    Kind Regards

    --
    "A few great minds are enough to endow humanity with monstrous power, but a few great hearts are not enough to make us w
  89. Hey! Mod parent up! by BerntB · · Score: 1

    Plz.

    --
    Karma: Excellent (My Karma? I wish...:-( )
  90. I knew it! by pizza_milkshake · · Score: 1

    All those gym rats were wasting their time!

  91. What's your point? by Trinition · · Score: 1

    OK, yeah, the human body is not designed fro extremely long lives. The whole point of ths article is to make humans live loger. That means altering the tihings that would cause us to die so that we don't die. That would necessarily include your list of items as well. We'll just engineer more stable DNA and support systems for DNA, stronger hearts, et.

  92. Speed is not the problem by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    What i really want is a text frontend to evolution!

  93. A Game by sdprenzl · · Score: 1

    A game is only a game when it has rules and the players stick to those rules. We're already into some fierce meaninglessness in this nihilistic modern era. Totally divorced and separated from Nature, we've even lost the ability to fully understand our lost-ness.

    Gene manipulation will only make the rules even more wispy and the distance between us and Nature even greater. Many may think this is our destiny--I did--to self-rig ourselves. But I know now it will be our final spastic, shuttering death. Why? Because we MASSIVELY underestimate the difficulty and complexity! Nature has been at this game for some 3 billion years, and She takes Her sweet time. And now in the blink of an eye, we think we're in command of those billions of years of wisdom and experience. Fools rush in where angels take a break. We're soooo delusional! Children playing with fire. Children soon burnt beyond all recognition, dying painfully and slowly.

    --
    --- WWSD? What Would Strider Do?
    1. Re:A Game by OneEyedApe · · Score: 1

      Everything dies. Get used to it. Maybe we will get it right next time.

      --
      Life sucks, but death doesn't put out at all....
      --Thomas J. Kopp
  94. hmmm... Can You spell Blade Runner?? by wganz · · Score: 1

    Customized enhanced homo sapiens that are pre-aged for a built-in obsolescence to keep the protoplasm vats running. Corporate America couldn't be happier.

  95. Re: Speeding Up Evolution by AliasMoze · · Score: 3, Insightful

    One Man's Opinion Here:

    Evolution is a powerful but imperfect engine. It's great at solving specific problems, but it comes with strange side effects, always, such as the human body's tendency to store fat. Overweight? Blame evolution for your outdated software. Compounding the problem is that evolved systems are difficult to understand, because evolution uses the whole environment to form solutions. Therefore, we won't fully understand our own genetics for a while. Our bodies are evolved with forces present that we can't even see.

    Sure, it's nice to tinker. Genetic research is inevitable and really not too far off from selective breeding that we do in life and with lifestock and plants. But there's a difference between using evolution and altering genes. Altering genes does not "speed up evolution". Gene therapy changes evolved code, and we have no idea what the results might be. Fix one thing, and you get a new problem. We will end up chasing windwills in search of the "perfect" body, or we will end up with specifically suited bodies -- people who can live well in zero g; people who can run fast; people who live long.

    And seriously, it's all fun and games until Khan strands you in the middle of an astroid.

    KKHHHAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAN!

  96. In the Year 2525 by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Now where's my old vinyl collection?

    http://www.codehot.co.uk/lyrics/uvwxyz/zagerevan s2 525.htm

  97. Eugenics == Genetic Engineering v0.3 by leonbrooks · · Score: 1
    Genetic engineering != eugenics. They're two completely different ideas.

    Not exactly. Eugenics is just a primitive way of doing genetic engineering, and in both cases you kill anything less than the best.

    Darwin, and consequently Hitler, thought Eugenics was a great idea. You will still find people of that mold (White Supremacists and their counterparts from every other race and (anti-)religion).

    --
    Got time? Spend some of it coding or testing
  98. Bullshit by tgibbs · · Score: 1
    This is the usual wide-eyed optimism that one encounters with new technology. Evolution is pretty good at optimising things. If there is a simple modification, such increasing the expression of an existing gene, that improves performance with no risk, then most of us would have it already. Adding significant new abilities is going to be hard--you aren't going to be able to do it by over/under expressing a gene that you already have--you are going to have to add a significantly different gene (octopus genes, anyone?). So what we are going to discover is that such enhancements are no different than enhancing performance with drugs--it works sometimes, but there are signifcant risks and side effects, many of them not immediately obvious. And safety testing is going to be a bear--much worse than for drugs, because you can simply stop taking a drug if you get a side-effect. But that gene is in you for life. Even with drugs, it takes a couple of generations to see all side effects. Remember diethylstilbesterol.

    Where I do see potential for improvement is that there are likely a large number of correctable mutations that subtly impair performance in many areas. So while we many not be able to (safely) improve the performance of our top athletes (who presumably already have most of the "good" genes for physical performance), we might be able to make those abilities more widely available. And the risk question would be more approachable, because we could study the families who already have the (hopefully) favorable polymorphism.

    1. Re:Bullshit by jeff4747 · · Score: 1

      One thing many people forget about evolution is that there's an element of chance involved. The a new gene has to happen by chance (mutation or sexual reproduction), and then that human has to pass their new gene on.

      There's no benefit for humans to have 10 toes (the little toes are pretty useless). But we still have 10 because, by chance, 8-toed humans didn't appear among our ancestors.

      So evolution is far from perfect, and it's not unreasonable to believe we could tweak ourselves better than evolution.

      Lastly, a bad gene would be as reversable as a bad drug, if we've mastered DNA manipulation. Just replace the new, defective gene with the old one (this would require gene thereapy to be developed for adults)

    2. Re:Bullshit by tgibbs · · Score: 1
      There's no benefit for humans to have 10 toes (the little toes are pretty useless). But we still have 10 because, by chance, 8-toed humans didn't appear among our ancestors.

      So evolution is far from perfect, and it's not unreasonable to believe we could tweak ourselves better than evolution.

      Actually changes in the number of digits occur pretty readily. So chances are, if 8 toes were better than 10, we'd have 8. That doesn't necessarily mean 10 is better than 8, though (although I don't believe that the little toe is useless). After all, it has to be some number. It is a pretty safe assumption that all of the simple changes have been tried, if not in humans then in our pre-human ancestors. Evolution is indeed far from perfect, but one thing that it does do very well is find a local optimum. Which is to say that any small/easy change decreases fitness (or at best is neutral). That means all of the single nucleotide changes, as well as changes in the levels of expression of genes. So to tweak ourselves better than evolution, we're going to have to make large changes. We might find a protein in some phylogenetically distant species that works better than one of ours, but trying to make small tweaks to our own equipment will almost certainly do more harm than good.

      Lastly, a bad gene would be as reversable as a bad drug, if we've mastered DNA manipulation. Just replace the new, defective gene with the old one (this would require gene thereapy to be developed for adults)

      It's not that simple. It's hard to introduce a gene into every cel in a tissuel, unless you do it in the germ line or zygote. Some gain-of-function modifications can be made without having to transfect every cell. 10% of your cells overexpressing a growth factor might well be enough to produce an alteration. But the same level of technology would not be adequate to reverse it, because you'd only replace the defective gene in 1% of the cells that have it. And of course, if the side effect is cancer (something we're already beginning to see with gene therapy), you'd be trying to remove the gene from a rapidly dividing cell population that is prone to evolve resistance to whatever gene inactivation method you try.

    3. Re:Bullshit by jeff4747 · · Score: 1

      but trying to make small tweaks to our own equipment will almost certainly do more harm than good.

      Why? Wouldn't increasing cardiovascular efficiency by say 10% be a small change that's a good thing? (Assuming no side effects, of course)

      It's hard to introduce a gene into every cel in a tissuel

      Which is why I said we'd have to master DNA manipulation, including changing adult cells. Changes done to adults would be easily reversable by the same techniques that created the change. Changes to eggs/sperm/zygotes would be very difficult to undo, if we can't do adult DNA manipulation.

    4. Re:Bullshit by tgibbs · · Score: 1
      Why? Wouldn't increasing cardiovascular efficiency by say 10% be a small change that's a good thing? (Assuming no side effects, of course)
      Absolutely. So much so that there would be strong selection in favor of it. So if there is any simple genetic change that increases cardiovascular efficiency with no side effects, that allele should already be widespread within the human population. If it is not, then most likely the "no side effects" assumption is violated.

      Which is why I said we'd have to master DNA manipulation, including changing adult cells. Changes done to adults would be easily reversable by the same techniques that created the change. Changes to eggs/sperm/zygotes would be very difficult to undo, if we can't do adult DNA manipulation.
      However, we are still a long way away from being able to modify adult cells with high efficiency in the body. Right now, we can't even do it consistently in tissue culture. So this technology is going to arrive in stages:

      Stage 1: Modification of eggs/sperm/zygote. We could probably do this today, if we knew what we wanted to change. It doesn't have to be perfect, so long as you can tell which embryos have it right and discard the bad ones.

      Stage 2: Modification of a subpopulation of randomly selected adult cells. This is close for some cell types, far away for others. Suitable in many cases for correcting "loss of function" genetic disorders. Hazards from incorrect integration of the transgene remain to be satisfactorily resolved.

      Stage 3: Modification of all adult cells in a particular tissue--very hard, and probably far in the future as far as arbitrary tissues are concerned, although some specific cell types may become accessible in a nearer time frame.

    5. Re:Bullshit by jeff4747 · · Score: 1

      So if there is any simple genetic change that increases cardiovascular efficiency with no side effects, that allele should already be widespread within the human population

      And my original point is that's not necessarily the case. We're not talking about infinite time here, so it's quite possible that such a allele just happens to have not arisen, but could be "designed". Just how that designing and geneic manipulation works is the big unknown.

    6. Re:Bullshit by tgibbs · · Score: 1
      And my original point is that's not necessarily the case. We're not talking about infinite time here, so it's quite possible that such a allele just happens to have not arisen, but could be "designed". Just how that designing and geneic manipulation works is the big unknown.
      Nevertheless, it is enough time for pretty much every simple change to have been explored. Remember, mammalian cardiovascular systems all work pretty similarly. So we aren't merely talking about the human population, but all of their mammalian evolutionary predecessors.
  99. I thought XIMIAN-Evolution by Lispy · · Score: 1

    I should get off my computer sometimes...but evolution could use a speed up in fact. both of 'em!

    cu,
    Lispy

  100. Diversity by tgibbs · · Score: 1
    However, there is a lot of diversity in the human population. Changing a few nucleotides here and there is going to have negligible impact, short of large-scale cloning. Although we probably should be very careful when it comes to mucking around with the imune system.

  101. Re:hmmm... (Problem political, not environmental) by mariox19 · · Score: 1

    Actually, the real problem is political.

    People will begin working at age 25, after completing graduate school; work until 65, when they take early retirement from social security; and then expect to collect from that "unending font of money" until they're 105.

    Can anyone else see where this is going?

    --

    quiquid id est, timeo puellas et oscula dantes.

  102. Living longer by tgibbs · · Score: 1
    So, theoreticaly, I could greatly enhance my lifespan simply by sleeping more, avoiding stress, and never exercising?



    Actually, we already know one thing that reliably produces a substantial increase in life span in every species that has been tested. Starve yourself! A severe calorie-restricted diet increases longevity. We may be sneering at those supermodels now, but they'll be laughing at us when we're all in our graves!

    1. Re:Living longer by mOdQuArK! · · Score: 1

      Just make sure you're still taking enough vitamins so that things don't break down.

  103. something tells me, by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    That these scientists never read the a book Callded brave new world by aldus huxly. its about what the future would be like if henry ford was percieved as jesus christ. its really good and makes you think that maybe our culture of waste and attempting to attain perfection is not on ehtat should be pursued.

    i am also having doubts as to whether or not these scientists have seen a movie called GAATACA. another good look at the human races constant attempts to attain percection while, thinking they can do better than mother earth. j

    ust my thoughts

  104. At first I thought... by Aliencow · · Score: 1

    It was an article on how to speed up GNOME Evolution...well...gonna buy some more ram then.

  105. The Law is the LAW by NDPTAL85 · · Score: 1

    Laws vary by country. The rich are upwardly mobile and able to make trips to nations which will allow them to have the modifications they want performed on them.

    --
    Mac OS X and Windows XP working side by side to fight back the night.
  106. What about Cyberware? by Lazarus2k2001 · · Score: 1

    I don't see any advances in biological components. Why don't they develope some nice cyberware(Neuromancer anyone?), because I can't imagine any bio enhencements that let you see in the dark.

    --
    "Holy instant noodle"
  107. the light that burns twice as bright... by oliverthered · · Score: 1

    more red blood cells
    -> more oxygen
    -> more oxidisation
    -> more mutations
    -> cancer

    faster growth
    -> more cell devisions
    -> more mutations
    -> cancer

    faster growth
    -> odd growth patterns (giantism)
    -> lymphatic desieces
    -> early death

    People who naturaly have the 'enhancements' die young.

    --
    thank God the internet isn't a human right.
  108. Long life does not come to "supermen" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    The supplements (creatine, steroids) used to create 350 pound linemen have the side-effect of wearing out the kidney and liver. Extending the human lifespan will still be achieved by cutting as much crap as possible out of your life, not adding more.

  109. why does this remind me by fudgefactor7 · · Score: 1

    way too much of the Khan episode (and movie) from Star Trek? We ought not to poke around in there, methinks.

  110. speeding up?? by binarybum · · Score: 1

    I'm not at all convinced that stronger faster humans is the path of evolution at all. It seems the natural course of evolution would be fatter slower humans with less consistant DNA across the species (as more mutating factors are introduced into our enviornment). And based on all the emails I get it seems that our species main concern is puffing up our genetalia. If there's one thing that's for certain in regards to this manner it's that normal healthy people will continue to feel dissatisfied with their bodies throughout time and the media will perpetuate this.
    I'll be interested when we can transfect the gene for polite driving demeanor.

    --
    ôó
  111. Larry Niven's Flatland by HiThere · · Score: 1

    The birth-right lottery didn't exactly adjust the population, so they institued the games. Only those who hadn't already had children could enter. They gambled their two-child right against that of someone else. Only one of them would walk out, and s/he had four birth-rights. (I guess that occasionally both of them got killed, and that was what adjusted things.)

    And one of the most despised duties of the ARMs of the UN was to hunt down unlicensed mothers. (They also strictly controlled technological advances. So when they encountered the Kzinti things were quite dicey for awhile.)

    --

    I think we've pushed this "anyone can grow up to be president" thing too far.
    1. Re:Larry Niven's Flatland by Carnivorous+Carrot · · Score: 1
      I can't even watch things like the old PBS version of Lathe of Heaven, or many typical sci fi stories, without sighing and thinking about how all their need and want in the future is the result of government intervention in the economy, stopping greedy capitalists from supplying the greedy wants of people. Soylent Green, anyone?

      Too many people? Resources running out? Be like Isaac

      Famous science writer Isaac Asimov expressed the bewilderment of a person who at least faced up to this intellectual predicament, as Ehrlich et. al. do not. Asimov read about the resources bet and then wrote:

      Naturally, I was all on the side of the pessimist and judge my surprise when it turned out he [Erlich] had lost the bet; that the prices of the metals had indeed fallen; that grain was cheaper; that oil...was cheaper; and so on.
      I was thunderstruck. Was it possible, I thought, that something that seemed so obvious to me - that a steadily rising population is deadly - can be wrong?

      Yes, it could be. I am frequently wrong.
      --
      "Has [being a kidnapped teenage girl, raped repeatedly for months] changed you?" - Katie Couric to Elizabeth Smart
  112. Sign me up by briancnorton · · Score: 1
    If the USA don't do it, somebody else will. China is investing billions in biotech. Do you want to go up against a billion chinese supermen warriors?

    I personally want to be a superuser/administrator of my own body. If I have to reverse engineer / hack it to do so, I will. There is no reason that I should have to work out to be strong. I shouldnt have to be born a certain way to be smart. You go ahead and keep your Dell of a body. When "Human Kernel 2.0 STABLE" comes out, I'll be first in line to download.

    --

    People who think they know everything really piss off those of us that actually do.

  113. good ideas by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Sterlilization is a good idea. We don't need mentally retarded people having mentally retarded kids, it's not fair to the kids. Autistic people especially.

    Seems everyone around here is so afraid of absolutely anything that might be "1984-ish" or remotely Orwellian... even to the exclusion of any possibility that they may actually be correct.

  114. Mother Nature will kick our collective ass by dragontooth · · Score: 2, Insightful

    It seems that it has always been part of our primal programming to attempt turn the tide on Ma Nature from day one. I really don't think we will ever "win". We have diseases, storms, doughts, etc. for a reason. If we did not have these things there would be 25 billion people on the Earth and we would all suffer and perish.

    Someone in one of these posts gave an analogy about deer and wolves. People tend to forget that we are animals too. We like to forget that we are subject to the same laws of nature as even the lowliest of animals upon the Earth.

    AIDS, cancer, heart disease these are all horrible things. Truly they are, but they are necessary to the survival of all in that they thin our herd which is left oft times unchecked by anything but virus and disease. When we cure AIDS and cancer there will be something to take its place, I assure you all.

    I for one do not want to live forever. I will live my days and after those are done I will rest in whichever place we go when we leave here. I sometimes wonder if scientists ponder whether or not what they do is in vain sometimes. As learned individuals you would have to realise that curing one thing is great but what will replace it? Why make the bed when you're just going to mess it up again.

    The way that humans pursue scientific research with such gusto is sometimes a little scary. We can't leave things alone when we should. I think this is the case with genetic engineering. I think we will really have to fuck something up before we either stop and say "Maybe we were wrong" or kill ourselves. Hoping that humans will be responsible in these endevours is a huge risk to the planet and countless lives.

    --
    "Laugh, and the whole world laughs with you. Cry, and they still think its funny." - Mr. Boffo
  115. Restriction Enzymes by aswang · · Score: 1

    Umm, I'm pretty sure eukaryotes don't use restriction enzymes per se to manipulate DNA, unless you're using the term in a very broad sense. At least back when I was an undergrad, we only called things restriction enzymes if they recognized palindromic patterns in the nucleic acid sequence, and such things have thus far been only found in prokaryotes. So in theory, if the government decided to ban specific types of bacteria on the grounds that they could be used as biological weapons, the cost of restriction enzymes could be kept artificially high indefinitely, and it could become illegal to produce them.

    1. Re:Restriction Enzymes by nounderscores · · Score: 1

      Good point. My bad to suggest that Hind III is present in your cells. I meant things like DNA Pol III which every human uses to make more DNA for cell division. It's not as good as Taq polymerases for PCR but it has its uses.

      On the other hand, a ban on certain types of bacteria (to make it hard to make Taq Polymerases), or equipment used to purify the proteins, or equipment capable of synthesising the proteins from scratch could drive the prices up... but only if they are enforced effectively.

      Unlike a other technologies like oil refining or microchip fabrication which must be a sprawling industrial complex, a person can physically set up a pretty good lab in an ordinary office or even a well constructed garrage. Genetic engineering technology is legal right now and getting cheaper. Hopefully it will be producing products that the average person can afford. If the technology isn't legal, it would still be affordable enough for the underground... but I'd hate to see that happen. Can you imagine what kind of children crime bosses might find handy in the family business?

    2. Re:Restriction Enzymes by aswang · · Score: 2, Interesting
      I agree with you that genetic engineering has the potential to be available to everyone, in the same way that software development is available to anyone with a computer, but right now I am pessimistic. We haven't solved the problems of delivery yet, so we still need funding for R&D. And the amount needed to fund this hasn't declined to the point where venture capital alone will suffice. We're talking university support and NIH grants at the least. All the biotech companies in existence so far have pretty much merely spun-off research that was first discovered in a university lab. Breakthroughs still require massive capital, and, essentially, government subsidy.

      Secondly, while in terms of physical space, you don't need much, you do still need to purchase some industrial equipment, like incubators and reagents and simple things like Erlenmeyer flasks and micropipets. Surely affordable for the average millionaire, but in this day and age, at least in the U.S., I can't imagine the Department of Homeland Security being too enthusiastic about anyone buying these things for their garage.

      But then again, these R&D issues, and the complications of national defense, similarly cropped up in the history of software development as well. I'm sure that not many people in the '60s and '70s envisioned a world where everyone had a computer. For all I know, in a few decades, incubators for PCR the size of a desktop computer with built-in automated purification mechanisms will be just as ubiquitous.

    3. Re:Restriction Enzymes by jeff4747 · · Score: 1

      For all I know, in a few decades, incubators for PCR the size of a desktop computer with built-in automated purification mechanisms will be just as ubiquitous.

      PCR units (thermal cyclers) are already much smaller than a desktop computer. They're a bit smaller than your average toaster.

      Of course, to use it to do something you need a lot of large equipment (an autoclave, equipment to make distilled H20, etc).

    4. Re:Restriction Enzymes by nounderscores · · Score: 1

      Both good points. I've seen some interesting work on controling electroosmotic flow so well that you can perform single molecule sequencing on dna.

      Eventually lab-on-a-chip technology may make the equipment inconspicuous and cheap.

      However, delivery is still a problem, since whether or not your mods will take is always a game of chance. I think that a small shop would do germline modification, and then implant the embryos into clients who paid for the superbabies.

      Correct me if I'm wrong, but a lot of the funding is going into gene identification and mapping, licencing technologies like Human Artificial Chromosomes and systems to uptake the genes into cells. These are R&D, and so if the information is discovered, it does not need to be discovered again.

      Once techniques come out of those projects, there might be little to stop people just stealing the technology and using it.

      Or maybe we might get really lucky and have an open-genome movement where a body of techniques and data is released to everyone, and so progress goes forth at a much increased pace.

    5. Re:Restriction Enzymes by jeff4747 · · Score: 1

      'Open techniques' has a long tradition in science, so hopefully any ground-breaking new techniques would follow that pattern. Basically, the researchers who came up with it would publish a paper in a journal.

      Though given the $$$ that such techniques could get, I'd be supprised if they aren't at least patented, if not kept as trade secrets.

  116. Add-ons by BouncingBob · · Score: 1

    The ariticle is misleading, all the techniques are about modifications to an individual, not heritable changes. (Most such techniques are specifically designed to avoid changing the descendants of the recipient, as it is commonly assumed that "We shouldn't play God", or words to that effect.) Thus, it is not a case of 'Evolution', but more of Aftermarket Add-ons. "Tired of getting Tired? Upgrade now to MS Myoglobin - prefered by nine out of ten overachievers! Available in Horse, Whale, or Gorilla!"

    It is exactly like steroid or drug use - if the treatment gives same benefit with less work, some people will get it. If a benefit cannot be gotten without the drug at all, there will be an even larger market. I'm sure Uncle Sam is just salivating over the possibility of making REAL super-soldiers, particularly if the effect required periodic treatment. If you don't re-enlist, you have to go back to being 'Normal'...and if the treatment cripples you in 20 years, well, sucks to be you.

  117. Evolution Does Not Lead To SuperBeings Ever by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Interesting

    This is genetic engineering not speeding up evolution which would only lead to all pathogens evolving faster to infect us.And while we are genetically engineering humans why not make them nicer to each other , that would be far better than any physical change.

  118. Re:hmmm... (Problem political, not environmental) by Carnivorous+Carrot · · Score: 1

    Actually, the retirement age for full Social Security benefits is now 67, and has been for several years.

    The bad part is that the SS "surplus", well, it's not stuffed in a mattress. The government bought government bonds with it. When it comes time to start drawing on that, they'll have to pull it out of the current population by increased borrowing. The only difference is that it will cost more (paying % to buyers of the bonds, i.e. the government itself) is added to the simple borrowing they would have done otherwise had they not built up a surplus.

    It's all a massive fraud, with the "logical" thing actually worse than simply borrowing money to pay SS when the baby boomers retire.

    --
    "Has [being a kidnapped teenage girl, raped repeatedly for months] changed you?" - Katie Couric to Elizabeth Smart
  119. Don't worry about speeding it up just yet. by YoDave · · Score: 1

    First fix the bug that allows an active cursor in the To, Subject and body fields all at the same time. It drives me nuts. I can never get to the one I actually want. grrrr...

  120. Has anyone seen the movie... by Recca · · Score: 1

    Gattaca? Technologies like this are a Bad Thing. Many predict that these SuperGene technologies will become so ubiquitous that those born naturally are ostracized for their imperfections. I would much rather rely on nature than on man to manage the human gene pool. But not to get ahead of myself. The article itself is crap. They don't mention how they are going to actually get new genes inside the human body. The best modern method is to infect the gamete with a virus. Most people wouldn't be too keen on having infected children from a test-tube.

    1. Re:Has anyone seen the movie... by m1chael · · Score: 0

      the difference in gattaca is that the modifications were done during the embrionic (is that a word?) stage when this seems to be a subscription based service.

      --
      I know you are psychotic, but please make an effort.
  121. Speeding up Evolution by Unregistered · · Score: 1

    Compile it on your box w/ -O3 and your specific -march. Most binaris are either -O1 or -O2 and -march i386. I use sylpheed so i'm not exactly sure how much improvemnt that gets you but i'm sure it's pretty noticble.

    1. Re: Speeding Up Evolution by MAurelius · · Score: 1
      Good post! Finally someone making sense about evolution. I wanted to add that making humans resistant to disease through, for instance, artificial blood or whatever, would SLOW evolution. That's because evolution does not occur in a vaccum: it is the result of evolutionary PRESSURE. Remove the pressure (of disease, in this case) and evolution stops, because there is no adaptive advantage to certain mutations that confer disease resistance.

      BTW, I read the article twice, and searched it. The word 'evolution' does not appear in the article. Where did michael get that last line in the original post?

  122. Speeding up getting cancer by aswang · · Score: 2, Insightful
    Let's ignore the fact that the most important problem in genetic engineering today is delivery (i.e., how to get the modifications to enter the body and stay there) and while there have been a lot of exciting breakthroughs, the problem is far from solved.

    While undoubtedly, all these growth factors will give benefits, like all substances, they have wonderful side effects. IGF has been linked to many types of cancer (although the mechanism is not understood) HGH will cause acromegaly and possibly (reading off the list of adverse reactions to Humatrope) leukemia, intracranial hemorrhage, and pancreatitis. And don't forget that, as mentioned in the article, the whole purpose of these factors is to promote cell division. And while cell division results in growth, it also increases the chances that some random error will occur and create an initiating mutation, eventually leading to malignancy.

    Good luck with winning the Olympic gold medal when your body is riddled with sarcoma and you're getting chemo and radiation.

  123. Speeding up Evolution by einhverfr · · Score: 1

    I am hoping the latest Linux Kernel patch with speed up Evolution ;-)

    Oh wrong evolution.....

    --

    LedgerSMB: Open source Accounting/ERP
  124. Thoughts... by KiranWolf · · Score: 1

    "You're scientists were so concerned if they COULD they didn't stop to think if they SHOULD." - Ian Malcolm, Jurassic Park.

    --
    "Think about how stupid the average person is, then realize that half of 'em are stupider than that!" - George Carlin.
  125. Why by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    did I think the article was about the performance of an email client?

  126. star trek... by josepha48 · · Score: 2, Interesting
    ... and the rath of Khan..

    Didn't they start out as 'super humans' and end up hating us 'none superhumans' and want to take over the world, cause they were better?

    Yeah it was science fiction, but the point to science fiction is often to teach us lessons, and in this case the lesson is, just becuase we can do this doesn't mean we should.

    --

    Only 'flamers' flame!

  127. Why is this playing "god?" by Bowling+Moses · · Score: 1

    Sorry, but I just despise the "playing god" line even though you're obviously pro-science and tech. How is this playing god? We're fiddling with a piece of DNA and in effect changing some lines of code. It's not like we're creating matter out of nothing or smiting the Canaanites with the ouch and the hey hey it hurts me. Yet with many scientific or technical advances we get accused of playing god. I wonder who was the first to say that statement...was it way back when Og made fire?

  128. Old age != failure of DNA replication/cell divisio by aswang · · Score: 1
    While, yes, people do die because of DNA damage (e.g., radiation poisoning), for the most part, death from old age is because of structural wear and tear. Cardiac myofibrils do not regenerate effectively, and while the brain can generate new neurons in certain parts of the brain, for the most part, most neurons are really irreplaceable. Cartilage breaks down, the macrostructure of bones (which DNA knows nothing about) degrade with time. All cells develop inclusion bodies, which are waste products of cellular metabolism that accumulate within the cell and eventually cause cells to die, even if their replication machinery is intact. And even with all your replication machinery intact, DNA polymerase still makes a number of statistically significant errors, and the repair mechanisms also have a finite failure rate. (Hence, cancer.) In the end, entropy will triumph.

    So what we need to do to achieve longevity if not immortality is not as simple as expressing telomerase in every cell, or preventing apoptosis. We have to somehow get the body to repair things that it currently doesn't know how to repair, like brains and hearts. This is much more than just convincing stem cells to restart replication. We have to somehow figure out feedback systems so that the growth is controlled. This first means that we have to understand how the body works in molecular detail. And as of now, what we understand, as wonderful as it is, is hugely dwarved by what we don't understand, and it doesn't help that there isn't much of an incentive for pure research.

  129. Emphasis on inner beauty! by bobobobo · · Score: 1

    Well given that we'll all be gorgeous at least perhaps to the some degree. I doubt that everyone will opt to look exactly the same. But we'll all be on a level playing field now, so traits like kindness and personality will definitely boost your stock. As looks are no longer really relavent, haven't you ever been to a party with a bunch of good looking people? Given that your bound to hook up with someone, and they all look the same, its nice to meet someone that you have something in coommon with, and or just get along with and enjoy their company. Intelligence I suspect as well, will wane in attracting the opposite sex, as I 'm sure we'll have IQ boosters etc too. In my opinion looks are alraedy overrated andbeing plebian, as everyone these days can be beautiful. Given enough money and skilled plastic surgeons, we can already to a degree, manufacture these super-folk who are supposed to make us normals look bad.

  130. Cory Doctorow by Kevin_Cedrone · · Score: 1

    Is it just me, or does this remind you of the short-story posted on Salon a couple months back:

    It was called 0wnz0red and it was about hacking the source code of human metabolism.

  131. This is just great. by Paranoid+Cheese+Sand · · Score: 1

    Wonderful. Can't wait to see the first rash of complaints about the genetic equivalent of a 404 or a BSOD once they start doing this.

  132. Oh great by Tablizer · · Score: 1

    The next generation of H-1B's are going to be even more devestating.

  133. Nothing beats a good workout in the gym by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Insightful

    As far as I'm concerned, nothing beats a good ol fashioned workout in the gym, doing Yoga, or dancing my ass off at a rave party for 16 solid hours. "NO PAIN, NO GAIN"

    "Use it or loose it" I always say....

  134. Who needs cryogenics? by malakai · · Score: 1

    All you need is a ship capable of sustaining 1g of acceleration for somewhere between 1 and 5 years, and when you return to earth hundreds of years will have past. I used to have a URL to a table that showed with 25 years of 1g acceleration you'd be outside the known universe, and if you round-tripped it, when you returned to your starting point, the sun will have been billions of years dead.

    Scary how acceleration and relativity add up for a funky mix.

    One way future going time machines would be much easier to build than perfecting cryogenics in my uneducated opinion.

    -malakai

    1. Re:Who needs cryogenics? by thasmudyan · · Score: 1

      (I realize that my reply is offtopic, but so is the parent...)

      All you need is a ship capable of sustaining 1g of acceleration for somewhere between 1 and 5 years, and when you return to earth hundreds of years will have past. I used to have a URL to a table that showed with 25 years of 1g acceleration you'd be outside the known universe, and if you round-tripped it, when you returned to your starting point, the sun will have been billions of years dead.

      Would, if, when... Get real, who here hasn't at least read some very basic summary of the impact of relativity? What are you trying to tell us here, that could possibly be of any value?

      By they way, hard to believe you are the *same guy* that flamed around about others living in a fantasy world "conquering some new solar system in your kilrathi fighter" when the topic was space elevators! The same guy who is trolling around about 1g space ships as time machines!

  135. Cognitively Altering Humans by badhack · · Score: 1
    It's a simple fact that we've been participants in our own evolution since we've been around. It was, of course, not cognitive.

    We've affected the evolution of everything we've come in contact with. The plants and animals we eat and kept around, those we have driven extinct. You can't buy fruit or vegetables that hasn't been bred (or in some manner modified). Anyone had a pruot lately?

    We have also selectively bred ourselves through sexual selection (an amusing example is the fact that breast and penis size are way our of proportion with the rest of the animal kingdom). I can't prove it, but I suspect people have steadily become more attractive over hundreds or thousands of years.

    Culture has had an amazing impact on our evolution. Although, I would not say it's been in an cognitive context. Our technology has enabled us to generate environments, food, etc to make us live longer. The way our body stores fat is out of date with our current environment. No surprise it is taboo or bad to be fat.

    So why the fuss over actively, cognitively, making changes to ourselves? I for one am against it RIGHT NOW. We know so much, but know so little.

    In the next 50 years I'd bet we'll have a complete or mostly complete knowledge of our entire ecosystem (including ourselves) from anatomy to ecology, ethology to sociology, evolution to memetics, etc etc. With that in mind, research should continue. However, I do not think that making improvements to our genome is wise. We do not know the impact.

    Also, people are too immature. Too immature to understand or too immature to handle the tech responsibly.

    I always like pondering the idea of nature on Earth several hundred years from now. Will it be a tamed natural environment we work within? I hope so. I prefer to work with rather than against.

    We it will wild and out of control? Right now all wild species are under incredible selective pressure because of the demands humans have placed on those environments. Eventually they will catch up (may take millions of years). At that point in time will humans be prepared to be at the mercy of their environments again? Can we stay a step ahead?

    Or will all natural populations be decimated and replaced with a designer ecosystem, custom tailored and altered for our needs. It would be well balanced, somehow controlled (evolution happens, period!) and kept in check.

    Hmmm....we'll see.

    badhack

  136. what i think--- by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    The only reason to post under your account name is if you are a karma whore. Moderation totals: +1 insightful -1 insulting to /. drones

  137. Help or hunder evolution? by jvollmer · · Score: 1

    Engineered human "Blood" to speed up evolution so that we become less susceptible to disease and injury. Doesn't this actually impede some of the basic mechanisms of the classic model of evolution?

  138. Re:Old age != failure of DNA replication/cell divi by jeff4747 · · Score: 1

    Growth of stem cells is already controlled by our own built-in systems. When you convince a batch of stem cells to grow as a particular tissue, it will only form that organ. So, if you could support it in a lab, you could set some stem cells to "heart" and you'd grow a heart, not a big lump of heart tissue.

    If stem cells couldn't stop growth automatically, we'd be a continuously-growing mass of tissue instead of humans.

  139. Well you can stay in your safe little world by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0


    But I'm going to a world where people DON'T die of cystic fibrosis (inherited). Perhaps you'd like to tell me about the survival advantage of that? And tay-sachs will not exist. And parkinsons will not exist. And Huntington's disease will not exist. And the fact that the cycle-cell anemia gene protects against malaria is an example of nature groping blindly for a solution (because thats the way evolution works) - and not doing a very good job of it. Evolution is blind. We are not. Our mistakes in genetic engineering are nothing compared to some of evolution's mistakes. If you take your argument to its logical conclusion, you should also argue that we should not take medicines - because we are messing with the delicate balance of our body's environment. Well then, don't take antibiotics, but I am going to. The same goes for genetic engineering.

  140. Last Post! by alpg · · Score: 0

    Supervisor: Do you think you understand the basic ideas of Quantum Mechanics?
    Supervisee: Ah! Well, what do we mean by "to understand" in the context of
    Quantum Mechanics?
    Supervisor: You mean "No", don't you?
    Supervisee: Yes.
    -- Overheard at a supervision.

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