The Guy Responsible For Ctrl-Alt-Del
Gannett News is running a story about David Bradley, the IBM engineer who, in 1980, coined Ctrl-Alt-Del. Interestingly, he meant for it to remain a developer-only tool, not something for end users, and certainly not to have Windows users change their passwords or logoff. He also says he chose those keys specifically as it's not a key sequence that can be struck by accident.
....from the article:
> He's much too modest. Would Alexander Fleming
> have said, "It wasn't a memorable event," when
> he discovered penicillin?
Crikey.
The Army reading list
I three-finger salute you!
Just imagine how much in royalties this guy could have made if he had developed that nowadays with our patent frenzy attitude!
Rich, he would have been rich I tell you!
Mod me down with all of your hatred and your journey towards the dark side will be complete!
Where would Windows be today without CTRL-ALT-DEL? I guess they would have had to add a hard reset button to all windows keyboards, which would then be in competition with the letter "e" for the key that wears out the fastest.
ad logicam Claiming a proposition is false because it was presented as the conclusion of a fallacious argument.
Bradley says the "strength of the country" is at stake because relatively few students go into science or technology. Further, he says, ordinary citizens need to understand science and technology better to make informed choices in the voting booth.
Hmm. Let's see. Americans aren't smart enough and are just used to pushing buttons instead of understanding complex ideas. Who could've helped that along with a simple button push that magically solves all computer problems?
As a tech support guy, I just want to give this man a hearty "Thank You"
"I don't have a control key. I have an alt key and this little wavy square, and next to that is a curtl key. And I hit that and backspace and it doesn't do anything."
Thanks, man.
(ps: yes, I know he didn't intend it for the end user. It's a JOKE. Read it, chuckle, give me mod points, and move on)
Pulp Audio Weekly - Geek News and Reviews
Ctrl-Alt-Del is the only key combination on your computer that has its own hardware interrupt (similar to Ctrl-Open Apple/Closed Apple-Reset on Macs). Again, this was to prevent interception in real mode, however protected mode changes all rules.
Try not. Do or do not, there is no try.
-- Dr. Spock, stardate 2822-3.
Yeah, but who made the Mac shortcut? They have two:
Command-Option-Escape is Force Quit...
Control-Command-Power is Restart
Also, why isn't Control-Alt-Delete hardcoded in anymore? When I get a hard enough freeze on a PC, even the key combo doesnt work anymore. Why did they remove that?
is this an intellectual property breach then? microsoft keyboard
That may be a bit of a stretch, dontcha think?
That Windows is even usable.
I wanted to know much more about the guy, then *poof* the article was over.
Sheesh...
Quite
When quake first was released, i didn't want to use the mouse, only the keyboard. However, after doing the shoot-strafe-left-look-down maneuver one time too many, i decided to switch to mouse... (shoot-strafe-left-look-down = ctrl, alt(gr), left arrow, delete)
RePost
Who is he kidding? Just the other day, my gorillas and I were playing soccer in the lab. Why we must of hit ctrl-alt-del over a hundred times just in the first half. After that, we moved the game over to the kitchen, just to be safe.
Ok, so he chose Ctrl-Alt-Del to do a warm boot. Maybe he could have chose alt-x-y-5-* or ctrl-alt-f1-f2-f7........ Why's this being written about as if it is some innovative rocketery? Someone had a computer system. They wanted to be able to do a warm boot fast. Therefore they made a key-sequence to allow it. And this is a story . . .
Anybody wanna fill in on the details here?
...just my 2 gil.
uh huh...
oh please. He picked a key sequence that's difficult to accidentally set off. So what? It could have been shift-esc-break. If this is what a Ph.D. in electrical engineering is good for, I'm glad I don't have mine.
And the reason MS used it for login in NT 3.1 was for security. It negated the possibility of a impersonation client that displayed an image which looked like the NT 3.1 login, but just stole Passwords instead. If such a client was written to DOS or Windows it would simple reboot. So it was a sanity check, at the time.
-Malakai
A Dragon Lives in my Garage
Yeah you're right. I mean, have you ever seen GOD hit a 95 mph fastball 450 feet? I don't think so!
"I actually have a real job, but I enjoy doing this," Bradley says. "I'm as close as you get to a rock star within IBM."
That's just what the world needs IBM Rockstars. All he needs are groupies.
When I read 'the guy responsible for Ctrl-Alt-Del", I thought you ment Tim Buckly - author of the awesome Ctrl-Alt-Del Webcomic Series.
:)
I love this Comic
--
One by one the penguins steal my sanity...
A mistake that actually turned up as a feature? Who would have thought ;)
Being a sysadmin, I now know who to hate every time an end user has "helped" by pressing ctrl+alt+delete the last time something froze.
...was a real idiot. He had picked the spacebar for the same function! This guy's code was so bad the spacebar was a natural choice for him. IIRC he is working for Microsoft now in QA.
In most cases the company he works for would own the pattent - and since he worked at IBM at the time, I'm sure that would be the case.
Sure, some companies have bonuses for every pattent you file for them, but they still own the rights to it, and then get allllllll the money. He gets a few grand.
no comment
Wow, this guy invented a soft-reset key sequence and made it hard to press by accident</dramatic>? Stop the presses.
Y2K Compliant since the late 1890s
I prefer alt-control-delete. More alphabetical, and the mono-syllable alt isn't sandwhiched between multi-syllable words.
Many people rag on this, but it actually made some sense at the time. Microsoft has removed it from later versions of Windows for convenience, not security, purposes.
For people who don't know, WIndows NT 4 (and perhaps 3.5 and earlier?) required one to hit CTRL-ALT-DEL to get a login prompt. Many people complained, not seeing the logic in it, but logic there is.
CTRL-ALT-DEL is can never, ever be trapped by an application -- unless Windows has hosed completely, it's guaranteed to get the OS's attention. Having to hit it to get a login box means that no other application can fake a login box. If they tried, CTRL-ALT-DEL would bring up the task manager instead of a login dialog.
So regardless of whether you like it, the minor annoyance served a good purpose and was actually a fairly clever design decision. Much smarter than, oh, allowing macro viruses to execute by default.
This isn't as much "normalization" as it is "don't take so many drugs when you're designing tables."
that Linux has no need or use for the evil Ctrl+Alt+Del or Ctrl+Alt+Bkspc.
Isn't it wonderful.
Bradley, who speaks at universities on IBM's behalf, is on a mission...
a mission from God.
Sorry, I couldn't resist.
Chaos reigns within.
Reflect, repent, and reboot.
Order shall return.
If he could come up with a micro-payment plan for using his idea he could make millions off the Windows users in a couple of months.
Trolling is a art,
Bradley says the "strength of the country" is at stake because relatively few students go into science or technology
Why should they when engineers can't find jobs, salesmen are making 6 figures and MBAs are stealing all the money.
My great grandfather Juan Manuel Vasquez De La Pena invented the Scroll Lock key. Where would you be without that?
On the origional XP keyboard it was hard to hit accidently. On a modern 101 key keybaord, with num-lock turned off you can get it accidently, as I discovered one night in a lab when I removed a keyboard from a shelf and rebooted the machine. (I hope noone else was using it for something - it was a weekend and a test lab, but even still I don't like thinking about what I could have done to someone's test that fails on time in 100 hours)
Why is it that everyone thinks that Ctrl-Alt-Del has some special hardware interrupt, or something else that makes it magical?
The BIOS traps that combination (through the normal keyboard interrupt) and initiates a system reboot.
Problem is, if your OS isn't using the BIOS for keyboard input (pretty much every modern OS uses it's own keyboard handling code) then the OS determines what this key combination does.
In either case, it is software that determines what that key combination does.
--
"What do you want me to do? Whack a guy? Off a guy? Whack off a guy? Cause I'm married."
The use of ctrl-alt-del to login to or unlock windows NT, and to change the password was one of the things Windows NT did right. On x86 hardware ctrl-alt-del generates a harware interrupt. So it always traps into the OS. This helps prevent trojan login screens and such.
I can write an app that looks just like the NT login that will e-mail me all passwords and present the user with an 'incorrect password' dialog. And maybe make it exit so the user next sees the nornal login tool to make it less suspicious. However, I can't write an app to trap the ctrl-alt-del, so it doesn't work.
I've got $50 that says it's Mr. Hit Any Key. Takers?
3000+ comments meta-modded. 0 mod points awarded.
Lesson for other meta-suckers: Don't believe the hype!
or we would be paying $699+ every time we wanted to reboot...
ps : first GOAT!
...that the real reason Microsoft used Ctrl-Alt-Del for the NT login was that everyone was already familiar with it.
(Yeah, it's a hardcoded interrupt, but in protected mode that's pretty much irrelevant)
"People who do stupid things with hazardous materials often die." -- Jim Davidson on alt.folklore.urban
With all of the steroids he takes, I'm sure Bonds is the one with the small dick.
Amen brutha... oh fuck, sorry brb need to reboot my lunix b0x3n
He picked a key sequence that couldn't be hit by accident *BUT* which is also easy to smash with the three finger salute.... :)
"If such a client was written to DOS or Windows it would simple reboot. So it was a sanity check, at the time."
Hmm, I just realized that this probably wouldn't work though. I remember when I used to code for DOS, I'd often replace the keyboard handler with my own (so I could access multiple keys at once). I'm not sure if CTRL-ALT-DEL worked anymore once I did that.
I guess it would still stop simple front-ends.
Interesting. Is it *absolutely* impossible for any program other than the operating system to grab the CTL-ALT-DEL combo? Clearly Windows grabs it, as pressing CTL-ALT-DEL only brings up task manager.
-Looking for a job as a materials chemist or multivariat
>He picked a key sequence that's difficult to >accidentally set off. So what? It could have >been shift-esc-break. If this is what a Ph.D. >in electrical engineering is good for, I'm glad >I don't have mine.
He didn't just pick the sequence, but also engineered the hardware to make the interrupts work correctly.
Gotta novell server?
simultaneously hit
and QUICKLY leave the room.
You just entered system monitor!
...but there's a reason why Windoze uses that for logging in. That is, that key combo cannot be intercepted by applications thus making it impossible to create infamous fake logins for grabbing user credentials mere looks-like-login-screen. Naturally such preventive measures could've been done a bit more elegantly than just using ctrl-alt-del to log in, but still, it's a very windowsy way of overcoming obstacles.
In many unix systems however, there are little or no protection for fake-login local attacks, eventhough preventive measures would be quite easy to implement using some key combo deemed ungrabbable by user software (little like say ctrl-alt-backspace is in X). It's all too easy to display a xdm/gdm look-a-like screen on university/public-office displays and grab logins and then display some sort of segfault crap an logout back to the real xdm/gdm. Average (l)user hardly takes much of a notice.
1 Earth is warming, 2 It's us, 3 it's royally bad, 4 we need to take action NOW
Oh yeah, because steroid usage definitely makes your penis smaller. Fucking dumbass. Barry Bonds could probably wrap his dick around your scrawny neck, you pathetic, jealous dork.
We have just witnessed the next Slashdot joke!
It'll rank right up there with beowulf clusters, soviet russia, and insensitive clods!
I actually saw a video clip on Tech TV with him and Bill Gates (and someone else but the name eludes me for the moment). They were in some sort of conference and he goes (not a word-for-word quote)"Yes well I'm the one who created CTRL-ALT-DEL, but Bill here is the one who made it famous" ... rousing laughter from the crowd, Bill has the embarassed grin on his face. He allows the laughter to die a little and says "...For Windows NT log-ons!" it was a CLASSIC moment.
Can you imagine being David Bradley and having to deal with being interviewed by this tool from the Indianapolis Star?
Next week he's interviewing the guy who "discovered" the left mouse button.
I'm a 2000 man.
It was removed to prevent a security risk (M$ catches some of them). To disable cntrl-alt-delte in Windows, try this site.
ctrl+alt+del > ctrl-alt-del now.. how can i make it have the teeth so it looks hungry like a (wolf) alligator C'mon, don't your remember 4th grade.... someone... anyone...? *pin drop*
Good thing this guy doesn't work for SCO
Can you imagine paying $699 everytime you have to ctrl-alt-delete?
Linux: Helping nerds look smarter since the late 90s.
All sports fans are losers. Quit following mindless entertainment composed of millionaire assholes. Every time a jock dies I smile.
Alt+Print Screen+B! I came accross it a while ago when doing screenshots pressing alt+print screen. Be careful, if your using ext2 then prepare to fsck.
"Further, he says, ordinary citizens need to understand science and technology better to make informed choices in the voting booth."
;-)
Yeah, especially if the voting booth runs on those Diebold machines...!
"Stop throwing the Constitution in my face, it's just a goddamned piece of paper!" - George W. Bush Nov. 2005
Password Changing can't be intercepted by a fake password changer/logger.
From when Win95/98 reigned supreme - CtrlAltDel stick!
Black holes are where God divided by zero
I once worked at a help desk. One call I remember is a man who, after my suggestion he should press "control alt del" went silent for a moment, then told me he only had one hand.
;-)
(It's sad to see that an option that was originally meant for engineers, made it all up to the login screen of an operating system. Well, maybe Larry presses the "eject" button to start his plane, what do we know?
my other sig is a 500 page novel
He picked this key combination because it's "impossible to hit by accident." 20 years later, we've all done it fifty million times, and our fingers reflexively move to the control-alt-delete position whenever anything goes wrong with anything.
Now one-armed users can give a one-finger salute to the man that created the three-finger-salute.
Dr. Bradley teaches Digital Logic (ECE212, I think) at North Carolina State University in Raleigh. At least, he taught the class there about four years ago; I hope he still does. It sounds corny, but he made digital logic "fun!" His lectures were great. On the last day of class he brought in a slide show and told the story of the development of the PC. Totally fascinating.
I wonder who is the guy who tough about having ctrl-shift-escape to start task manager. I found it by accident... Anyone know any other sequence that do interesting tasks on Windows?
I wonder if he's got the same old email address:
DRDAVE AT BCRVM1
Matter of fact, I wonder if dear old BCRVM1 even still exists anymore.
--Rob
Windows automatically reboots itself now. Explorer crashes, then restarts itself. Granted this is progress, but lets get rid of the whole crashing thing, eh?
I've got a really nice XP Pro box which dual boots into Linux. XP claims I've got some sort of unspecified "Driver" problem (All signed drivers, mind you) which most people think is related to memory, though my memory tests fine. Damn box goes down more often than a nickel whore. I'm about to have a really nice linux box with virtual pc on it. This crap is intolerable.
Oh yea, one more thing. In order to see the blue screen on the new Win boxes, you have to turn off the "Automatically reboot on crash" "feature".
ad logicam Claiming a proposition is false because it was presented as the conclusion of a fallacious argument.
There's my interesting fact for the day...I always wondered how that combination came about.
I wonder if the generations who haven't lived in an MS-DOS world will know where the "Press Ctrl+Alt+Del to log on" screen came from. I heard it was chosen to defeat DOS-based keyloggers that mimiced the Windows login screen.
I know the article says he speaks at universities, but I already had a laugh over this concept because a couple of years ago a friend of mine had him as an instructor at NC State in North Carolina. He said the guy was funny..
I have had Dr. Bradley for several classes at NCSU, he is a good instructor and mostly just jokes about his part in creating the first IBM PC. His famous quote is "I may have created ctrl-alt-delete, but it took Bill Gates to make it famous." I wish there were more guys like Bradley that took time to come back to the classroom and share there valuable experience with the next generation of engineers. Thanks Dr. Bradley.
A week after that, the pigeon comes back for it's cut of the money. Oh yes, I've seen that one before. Finder's fee? I don't think so.
All slashdot fans are losers. Quit following mindless entertainment composed of fat dorks sitting at computers eating cheetos and Mountain Dew while their arteries harden. Every time a virgin geek dies I smile.
I really wanna know who's that sick-twisted-pervert person who decided to put Power and Sleep buttons right above the Insert! I admit that it happens only on the cheapest keyboards, but that's the only kind my company buys. I'm sick and tired to rip them off all the time.
if I ever meet you, I'll control-alt-delete you.
Quite intimidating.
Laws are for people with no friends.
Just use the R-ALT+R-CTRL&(3rd right from index finger) to execute. Voila!
Except maybe with Aeon Man
Anonymous Kev
Proudly posting as AC since 1997
Here's one that has some more quotes from Dr. Bradley about inventing Ctrl-Alt-Del, as well as interviews with others on the team that invented the first IBM PC.
Googling on his name along with "history of IBM PC" yields other good tidbits.
I can vivedly remeber unpacking my first Macintosh, must have been 1984 or something. The package included a little, user installable switch, and this is what the Mac Handbook had to say about it:
"Programmer's Switch
The switch causes a reset or an interrupt. If you do not know what a reset or an interrupt is, you do not need it."
I could not have said it better...
Alex
Absinthe makes the heart grow fonder
Pressing run/stop-restore on my old trusty Commodore 64 would perform a hard reset. This was oh about 1981. ;)
Dammit, I'm getting old
Shh.
SysRq was the original interrupt-generating special keystroke. It doesn't get much use anymore, though.
HIV Crosses Species Barrier... into Muppets
Scroll Lock and SysRq? Those keys seem vestigial in todays MS-centric PCs...
...all windows machines the 3 fingered salute
I should really get some work done...
Buy the President
I can't understand why they dont just label the Ctrl key Control.. It's not for a lack of space. Granted you may want to be consistant and change the Alt key too which would be a problem, well on my keyboard anyway where the keys are 2/3 size of Control. However, having said that it's always control-alt-delete and not control-alternate-delete.
ca::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -r now
Yep...you might recognize that as the reboot command. You can go ahead and change it so that it shuts down your computer or run anything else you desire (although it'll run it with root privileges so, don't put something stupid in there unless you're running Lindows and therefore are always root, I guess)
Warning: Opinions known to be heavily biased.
IUSER hardly takes much of a notice.
Very original, jock-o. Go back to watching your drug crazed jocks while you sit on the couch drinking your "Bud" and eating pizza.
David Bradley, I give you a three finger salute. Microsoft, I salute you as well, minus two fingers.
You could also reprogram the reset key on the apple ][+ with "a few pokes". All the reset key did was cause an indirect jump to an address stored in a particular memory location.
More than once I've spent the morning working on NT boxes, then walked over to our linux web server and mindlessly pressed ctrl-alt-del to logon... not pretty...
David Bradley created this key sequence.
Bill Gates merely made it famous.
-Peter
So, this guy thinks that too few students are going for science or technology degrees? I wonder why... lets see, scientists dont make much. Manufacturing is moving to the third world, and taking a hell of a lot of engineering jobs with it. IT is moving to India. Yeah, I'd be sure to pick one of those fields if I were trying to decide on a major. You can't blame the students for the decline in "the strength of the country", they're just looking out for themselves and trying to pick a career that might actually have a future.
It makes a fake-password-grab-screen (which would otherwise be trivial) difficult enough to implement that it's not ever going to be a preferred attack on systems which use it.
The fake-password-grab-screen was a favorite in a few of my old CS labs.
Let's not stir that bag of worms...
Very original, geek-o. Go back to watching your Hentai tentacle porn while you sit on your computer chair drinking your "Jolt" and eating twinkies.
When playing quake, using Ctrl for shoot, Alt for strafe, and del for looking downwards simultaneously! It has happened to me.
Just out of interest, how many Slashdotters do CTRL+ALT+DEL with one hand? I had to force myself to use one hand to begin with, but it has become an entirely fluid motion now.
(for those of you who've never tried it)
All with the rigth hand:
Thumb on the ALT
Ring finger on CTRL
Middle finger on DEL
i'm actually a little upset with linux, windows and OSX. frankly the CTRL+ALT+DEL always resets the computer. and there are times where i actually want it to reset the computer not bring up task manager. now continuing on. WTF is up with the power button not turning off a computer? and the eject key not ejecting the freakin CD. these were put there for a reason. and the reason was not to be software overriden. i work for the military and i have to ask once in a while what's gonna happen when a soldier needs to eject a CD before a cruise missle hits the base?
bottom line change CTRL+ALT+DEL back to a hard reset. change the power button back to actually shutting off the computer (not sending an interrupt to windows/linux to do a correct shutdown) and let the eject key freaking eject the CD. either that or bring me back to 1985 with huge freakin power switches.
thank god they haven't started this shit with floppies.
Sure.... I hope that hockey jock that crashed his Ferrari last night dies. He's in surgery last I heard.
Is Slashdot lacking in comedic sense so badly this crap can still get modded up?
At the very LEAST we could move onto security hole jokes, nevermind Linux has Windows beat in that area (ignoring patch times).
Windows is on my other partition.
I used CTRL-ALT-DEL one last time on it.
I had to keep using a little button on the front of my computer to control Windows sometimes too...
Using Ctrl-Alt-Del for a login prompt doesn't mean you can't have a Trojan password gatherer. It just means you have to code it in Linux/*BSD where you can control the interrupt yourself. Make it bootable from floppy (grabbing extra data from HD or net if needed) and after a few login tries it 'reboots'. The floppy is long gone, and now it's back to the real NT (or 2k/xp) screen.
Nothing is secure when you can get physical access to the machine.
Got Apathy?
I'm not a hockey fan, as I am not a faggot Canadian, but I'll bet you that if that hockey player dies he got laid more often and had more fun in his short life than you will if you live to be 100 years old. Now you just think about that while you're writing more code that nobody will give a flying fuck about after you're dead and gone.
It's very possible to intercept the interrupt (which wasn't the normal INT 8 - I don't think ctrl-break was just INT 8 either) in protected mode (not sure what things looked like in real mode). Naturally, under protected mode such interception would be mediated by the OS.
Under NT 4, I'm not sure whether it would be possible to intercept without replacing/exploiting a driver - I don't believe so.
Let's not stir that bag of worms...
KDE grabs Ctrl+Alt+Delete. So can Gnome. And these are userland programs. I am not sure if userland apps in Linux can grab CTRL+ALT+Fx however (switch console).
The intertec Superbrains and Compustars had a pair of RED keys - one at each end of the keyboard. You had to depress BOTH of them to get a reboot. I was working on these machines when the IBM PC hit the market, as one of my then bosses went to the show where they were announced.
I think those machines had been around for 3 or 4 years by then. I know they pre date 1981 when I was working on them, as the Compustar was the "new and improved" version of the Superbrain.
And these machines were probably copying someone else as well, but we will never know who, because Intertec went the way of the dinosaur....
Here's a webcomic that's just over a year old that some of you might like, it is called ctrl+alt+del :)
http://ctrlaltdel-online.com/
The main characters are a few crazy gamers, and a linux guy who has a live-in penguin named Ted. Hillarity ensues.
--------
It's OK to be social, just don't tell anyone about it.
I've been laid plenty (was married too).. That doesn't change the fact that if he dies, he's dead. In 100 years no one will give a shit about any of us. I'll just be around longer than that rotting corpse.
hahahahahahahaha! too funny..
I prefer ctrl-alt-del, as that is the way it is laid out on the keyboard. You know, the Qwerty keyboard, not the abcdef one.
When have IBM guys been worried about aesthetics?
They could have used any key combination, as long as they used their own key handler (instead of BIOS). There's really no good excuse for using ctrl-alt-del for login.
I have more than once inadvertently rebooted by using the backwards-kill-sexp command in emacs.
Ok, so I didn't read all of it either, here's howto and ahy to use sysrq under linux 2.6
/proc/sys/kernel/sysrq
/proc/sysrq-trigger. eg:
/proc/sysrq-trigger
:-)
:IMPORTANT :IMPORTANT
/usr/linux-beta/Documentation/sysrq.txt
Edit ed for lameness, have fun
"Linux Magic System Request Key Hacks
Documentation for sysrq.c version 1.15
Last update: $Date: 2001/01/28 10:15:59 $
* What is the magic SysRq key?
It is a 'magical' key combo you can hit which the kernel will respond to
regardless of whatever else it is doing, unless it is completely locked up.
* How do I enable the magic SysRq key?
You need to say "yes" to 'Magic SysRq key (CONFIG_MAGIC_SYSRQ)' when
configuring the kernel. When running on a kernel with SysRq compiled in, it
may be DISABLED at run-time using following command:
echo "0" >
Note that previous versions disabled sysrq by default, and you were required
to specifically enable it at run-time. That is not the case any longer.
* How do I use the magic SysRq key?
On x86 - You press the key combo 'ALT-SysRq-<command key>'. Note - Some
keyboards may not have a key labeled 'SysRq'. The 'SysRq' key is
also known as the 'Print Screen' key.
On SPARC - You press 'ALT-STOP-<command key>', I believe.
On the serial console (PC style standard serial ports only) -
You send a BREAK, then within 5 seconds a command key. Sending
BREAK twice is interpreted as a normal BREAK.
On PowerPC - Press 'ALT - Print Screen (or F13) - <command key>,
Print Screen (or F13) - <command key> may suffice.
On other - If you know of the key combos for other architectures, please
let me know so I can add them to this section.
On all - write a character to
echo t >
* What are the 'command' keys?
'r' - Turns off keyboard raw mode and sets it to XLATE.
'k' - Secure Access Key (SAK) Kills all programs on the current virtual
console. NOTE: See important comments below in SAK section.
'b' - Will immediately reboot the system without syncing or unmounting
your disks.
'o' - Will shut your system off (if configured and supported).
's' - Will attempt to sync all mounted filesystems.
'u' - Will attempt to remount all mounted filesystems read-only.
'p' - Will dump the current registers and flags to your console.
't' - Will dump a list of current tasks and their information to your
console.
'm' - Will dump current memory info to your console.
'v' - Dumps Voyager SMP processor info to your console.
'0'-'9' - Sets the console log level, controlling which kernel messages
will be printed to your console. ('0', for example would make
it so that only emergency messages like PANICs or OOPSes would
make it to your console.)
'e' - Send a SIGTERM to all processes, except for init.
'i' - Send a SIGKILL to all processes, except for init.
'l' - Send a SIGKILL to all processes, INCLUDING init. (Your system
will be non-functional after this.)
'h' - Will display help ( actually any other key than those listed
above will display help. but 'h' is easy to remember
* Okay, so what can I use them for?
Well, un'R'aw is very handy when your X server or a svgalib program crashes.
sa'K' (Secure Access Key) is useful when you want to be sure there are no
trojan program is running at console and which could grab your password
when you would try to login. It will kill all programs on given console
and thus letting you make sure that the login prompt you see is actually
the one from init, not some trojan program.
IMPORTANT:In its true form it is not a true SAK like the one in
IMPORTANT:c2 compliant systems, and it should be mistook as such.
It seems other find it useful as
thank God the internet isn't a human right.
I mean, why isn't there a Ctrl-Alt-Gateway or Ctrl-Alt-Compaq? What makes Dell so special?
--Joe
Why do I have the impression history's being re-written, here?
IIRC, (both the article and, huh, "Real Life") the "Three Finger Salute" came to be at the M$' request, as they did not want to see a reset switch on the original IBM PC. Real, physical reset switches already existed on microcomputers and could be used to take control of a machine without purging the memory (well, not entirely) and see the binary code/data structures loaded in RAM, this for reverse-engineering... or just to save your butt when sh*t hit the fan.
I vaguely remember having to reset a TRS-80 Model II (? or IV?) before it created more damage (sp?) and using a debugger (the one with the "spinning slash" in the top-right corner, IMSMR) to examine the contents of RAM to find some just-entered data to jot it down and re-enter it when we restarted the accounting application.
This was the kind of thing that scared the hell out of M$ because they thought everyone was out to steal their s/w. So a soft switch like the TFS could invoke some memory-wipping routine, foiling the techies' efforts to have a better understanding of what was going on.
How about some of these?
Constitutionally Correct
> ...and certainly not to have Windows users change their passwords or logoff.
Also, logging on!
Must-not-watch TV!
Yes, it is possible to activate the Ctrl-Alt-Del requisite in XP although it's a (fairly) hidden option. Control Panel holds no clues and I'm not even certain if it's possible through the administrative tools in the Computer Management Console. Still, all you have to do is hit [Windows+R] and type control userpasswords2 into the Run box. This presents you with a user settings control window from which you can add and remove users, alter privileges and change passwords. Inside the "Advanced" tab, you can force users to have to press Ctrl-Alt-Del to use the "secure logon".
Having said that, it's worth noting that in Windows 9x it's possible to block Ctrl-Alt-Del with a bit of minor coding. Sounds interesting...
Turkeyphant
At one time there was: ctrl-alt-delete is a special key (reboot) in real mode on old world PC's - this used to be relevant. The only reason to continue has been consistency, but that's not entirely worth discounting. If an average user saw "hit F12-Break to log in", they wouldn't trust it now. Perhaps the solution is to add a special key to the keyboard for logging in (and leave ctrl-alt-delete as an alternate for a while).
Let's not stir that bag of worms...
I worked for a guy who used to work for IBM in the glory days.
In fact, he showed me the first PCjr board ever made! Because of design issues, it even had a second WIREWRAPPED board which they had to make b/c one of the chips didn't get designed in time.
I was in awe....
Since modern Win OSes don't do anything fatal when you do, the issue of not doing it for safety reasons is not there and on laptops in sleep modes you sometimes need it to login. When I'm mobile doing the 3-fingered salute is annoying - I want may laptop to have a Ctl-Alt-Del key!
(Of course, Linux doesn't like you doing Ctrl-Alt-Del, so we'd have to be careful, but Linux users are already more careful...)
... I was wrong.
When I first read the title my first thought was.
"Hell! another patent/IP thingy!
Now who can save us all?"
Its a relief that this time it was not that case...
errera hunamum ets
Happens to me every so often; kernel panics happen too, but much less often (last one was about 3 months ago). Aqua hanging is a real bitch - if you can ssh in and kill loginwindow, everything's great and dandy, but if you can't, it's time for a hard reboot.
Facts do not cease to exist because they are ignored. - Aldous Huxley
Apple ][ Plus shipped with a hard "RESET" button not requiring any additional keys in combination. It had to be pushed pretty hard to make it depress, though. Unfortunately, it was somewhat close to "ESC" and occationally did get hit inadvertantly.
There was a switch on the keyboard controller that allowed you to change it to ctrl-reset.
On the original IBM PC Jr., circa 1980, it had both soft-reset (Ctl-Alt-Del) and diagnostic mode (Ctl-Alt-Ins). Wouldn't it be great to boot into a diag mode and check memory, disk, video. Maybe these new bios' will give me back a feature from 23 yrs ago.
My keyboard (Cirque Input Center) actually has a Ctrl-Alt-Del key. Why don't all keyboards have this?
Hey, stop saying "userland". Dave Winer might get excited, and I wouldn't want to be sitting in front of him at bloggercon if Dave Winer got too excited...
'Thats they exact same thing a banana wrench monkey.'
Bradley says the "strength of the country" is at stake because relatively few students go into science or technology.
Tell me why any smart young person is going into a tech field when the tech industry is being shipped off shore? I can see science as being importatnt --- you have to have a few clueful/knowledgable people on shore to meta-program the off-shore drones.
...worked around the issue on the 80286 that there was no way to switch back to "real" (16-bit segmented addressing) mode from "protected" mode.
t ed +mode
http://www.hyperdictionary.com/computing/protec
IIRC, the IBM PC AT (which first used the '286 and implemented protected mode operations) would send a signal to the keyboard, which in turn reset the CPU (the only way to get back to real mode) and somehow got the machine to proceed with what it was doing.
After learning about that, I switched to the Mac and never looked back (even if the 68000 did have its own quirks...)
Anybody remember the "JKL" keypress in NewDOS for the TRS-80? It gave you a screen print, if I remember correctly.
:)
It must have been useful, as Tandy (or whoever wrote TRSDOS for them) "borrowed" it in TRSDOS version 3.
Due to the way the TRS-80's keyboard was memory mapped, it was fairly easy to check for pretty much any combination of keys -- you just checked a particular memory address for a particular value. I'm not sure how you would go about it on a modern PC.
Someone you trust is one of us.
I'd mod this up if I had score left. I'm quite certain many windows admins know that the CTRL-ALT-DEL sequence in windows can actually be circumvented!
Shut up and continue sucking on that big cock in front of you...
So what? It could have been shift-esc-break
No it couldn't. Well it COULD have but then it wouldn't have survived for any good length of time. You can't type that with one hand.
I was with IBM Delray/Boca in the PC biz from 83' to 87' ... it was truly an exciting time. I had the pleasure/challenge of working with him and MANY others ... I believe Dr. Dave wrote most of the initial PC BIOS/POST and later worked hard to preserve the PC "architecture and compatibility." ... been reading slashdot since early 2000 or so ... how time passes ...
Of course, Linux doesn't like you doing Ctrl-Alt-Del
/etc/inittab.
You do know you can change the action taken on Ctrl-Alt-Del, do you? It's in
but Linux users are already more careful...
I'm not. Ever walked into a mainframe control room, asked: "What does the red button do?" and then pressed the red button? I have.
IRIX uses this keysroke to kill the X server, all on a standard PS/2 keyboard too. No one, and I mean no one would would ever accidently hit that combination by mistake considering how painful it can be on your fingers unless you know the secret.
He didn't really invent the use of multiple shift keys. It was a well established functionality of the space cadet keyboard, used on MIT LISP machines back in the 70s.
Lodragan Draoidh
The more you explain it, the more I don't understand it. - Mark Twain
I have been Dr. Bradley's Teaching Assistant http://courses.ncsu.edu/ece/ since January, and it has been a pleasure working for him. He is really a motivation. Down to earth and sharp, thats what makes him different from other famous people. Even as an instructor, he likes to maintain tasteful interaction with his students and the students love him too.
:-)
You have to see his "I love me" collection to really appreciate him though
-es
I mean, really...how often do you need a hard, immediate power-off? Press the fucking reset bottom to reset it, or just accept the fact that todays computers don't like to have the juice cut unexpectedly.
Blar.
Priceless
Life is the leading cause of death in America.
I've alway thought of Ctrl Alt Del as Alt Del Ctrl, as in "Alternative Delete Control", to quit something using the "wrong" way.
It may kill XFree86, but equating X with XFree86 is tatamount to equating mail with sendmail, news with inn, qpopper with POP3, and Microsoft Windows with "Operating System".
I sure hope you're not an OOP programmer. OOP programmers who don't know the difference between an instance and class frighten me.
Do daemons dream of electric sleep()?
The vid of Bradley vs. Gates. Hilarious!
Life is the leading cause of death in America.
>He also says he chose those keys specifically as it's not a key sequence that can be struck by accident.
:) hehe
I can 100% confirm this is not true
He didn't invent Ctrl-Alt-Del! I did! I was the one!
BAHAHAHAHA!!
Albert Gore Jr.
managers...why god invented purgatory
are an ignorant ass.
Is ctrl-alt-del too complicated for you? This tool could simplify your life.
This feature is properly known as a SAK - Secure Attention Key. It's an old security feature used to prevent hijacking of trusted consoles, as you said, and is implemented on many systems. The perennial place where it's needed is university computer labs, where logging in and then leaving a fake login prompt running to capture passwords is has always been considered good clean fun. (To implement it properly, one should print a "wrong password!" message, and then exit the user session completely giving the user the real login prompt)
The basic idea is that the OS traps the SAK and does something obvious (like give you a login prompt) to keep a user from running a program pretending to be the OS. Since the OS doesn't let the user handle the SAK, security is maintained.
Linux supports SAK, however it's never really been properly deployed by distributions. Part of the reason is that nobody's ever really standardized on what the SAK key should be. If SysRQ is enabled, than Alt-SysRQ-k will cause a SAK event in the kernel. Otherwise, the keyboard driver can be configured by root to use any key sequence. One key sequence I've seen used is Alt-SysRQ-PageDown, but there's really no particular standard.
When SAK is raised in linux, all programs running on the current terminal are force-killed. It's then expected that init will provide a new login prompt there.
This leads to the second problem with SAK on Linux, namely that most users run X on workstation machines. If you SAK while X is running, the kernel kill -9's X... Which trashes your video card, leaving the system in an unusable state. Which is probably not what you wanted. Some video drivers and cards in X may be stable enough that, if you're running xdm/gdm/kdm etc., it may be able to restart X and give you an X11 login prompt - but the console will still be trashed, so you won't be able to exit out of X afterwards (or eg. with ctrl-alt-f1). It used to be the case that you could store the video settings for your console and run a program (eg. restoretext etc.) to fix them, but that hasn't worked on any modern video card in years. In addition, if you just escape out of X and then fix the console, X will re-trash your console as soon as you return to it, since it only stores the console settings from when X was started, not the current settings. Hence, X and your console program get in a fight and you probably end up crashing the video card and having to pull the power plug out or something if you do this a lot.
Confusing things even more, XFree generally defines its own internal "SAK"-like key sequence, Ctrl-Alt-Backspace. This isn't actually an OS-level SAK though, it just instructs X to quit. And not surprisingly, it often doesn't work due to XFree bugs (and may be trappable by user apps).
> He also says he chose those keys specifically
> as it's not a key sequence that can be struck'
> by accident.
Ummm, imagine that...
Who else thinks this is one guy arguing with himself?
Maybe we should have a new /. requirement that all jokes made have to be realistic.
Then after that we can require that everyone on slashdot has to find the joke funny for a joke to get modded funny.
i guess "control-alt-delete" predates the apple][ "control - open apple - reset" key sequence. i think i may have even seen a t-shirt with that on it once...
// for that matter) did. i can't remember if it rebooted the bugger, or just dropped it out of the running app...
i don't suppose the first apples had such things, but i vividly recall the apple ][ (and
i guess it evolved into the mac's command-option-escape (which is much easier to hit with one hand, while the other is giving the more appropriate "one finger salute" to the unresponsive program... and the whole slew of other two-handed startup key sequences (control-option-P-R = zap PRAM), interrupts (command-control-powerkey), and FKEYs (command-shift-3 = screenshot)
sigh. i had a point. i really did.
oh yeah. when did this whole business make its way onto platforms other than IBM PCs? i.e. when did apple adopt it? prior to the ][?
- Entertaining Bits from the Ancient Kernel Tree
Actually my cat pressed on ctrl alt del sunday ...
so I would not agree with the belief that it can't
be accidentaly pressed.
My kitty thought that I wasn't paying attention
so she came walking on the keyboard with a loud
purr.
Somehow she managed to have her paws in the correct
spots. I was downloading some files so it didn't
make me very happy.
She's so sweet though
Aye!
Go figure.
I didn't realize Ctrl-Alt-Del (which, for some odd reason, I always say as "Alt Control Delete") did anything more than bring up the login box.
So...is there something in XP's Fast User Switching that ensures this same security (for whatever it's worth)?
"A great democracy must be progressive or it will soon cease to be a great democracy." --Theodore Roosevelt
hahah that video is funny as all hell
They did not want users just performing the action, so they made it both non-accidental and hard to remember.
Called it the Vulcan Death Grip
Pressing the following 4 key simultaneously will cause the kernel to
kill the Xserver. Under normal circumstances it will get restarted
again automatically.
left-shift
left-control
F12
keypad-/
Blogging because I can...
Back in "the day," I remember a TI microcomputer with a "Warm Start" button, essentially a single key Ctrl-Alt-Del.
Later, I thought it was a pretty useful feature.
reboots the system... it's odd, we've had to tape off those keys and put a note on the monitor.
I have been Dr. Bradley's Teaching Assistant http://courses.ncsu.edu/ece/ since January, and it has been a pleasure working for him. He is really a motivation. Down to earth and sharp, thats what makes him different from other famous people. Even as an instructor, he likes to maintain tasteful interaction with his students and the students love him too.
:-)
You have to see his "I love me" collection to really appreciate him though
-es
... but he's still responsible for the fact that one-handed people can't even login to windows!
"Freedom means freedom for everybody" -- Dick Cheney
On the original PC keyboard there were only 83 keys. There was a single CTL key, a single ALT key (above and below the left hand shift key respectively) and a single DEL key (on the far right of the keyboard, just to the left of the big + key). I'd post a picture if I knew how. So it was definitely two handed.
There were 8192 bytes available for the IBM PC ROM BIOS. We used about 8180 of them. Two of the keys needed to be shift keys (for code conservation) and I picked the "newest" shift keys. The third key was picked to be as far away as possible, and "DEL" was a better mnemonic than "+".
On the alpha keys, C S O and L are much more worn than E.
read his response, numbnuts
"in the event of a real disconnect, of course, the comment would never have been posted, but that's a suspension of disbelief that myself and other Slashdot readers are prepared to accept"
shakespearean sonnet...after many years of much random crap banged out, when one of the stupid animals hit ctrl-alt-del!
Say, that reminds me of a Usenet joke...
Usurper_ii
Ron Paul
And it's not like playing a chord on the piano, crossing your fingers like that would get you slapped in my class. If you wanted to imitate playing a chord (on the world's most awful piano), use thumb/alt, ring/ctl, pinky/del.
This instead, I think you'll find it easier (assuming you can play an octave on your right hand) -- thumb/alt, index/ctl, middle/del. Then you can tap del easily as many times as you need to.
Do daemons dream of electric sleep()?
Who is responsible for the opposite sequence? You can find it in the VA version of the DLL; VA GINA.DLL
And the reason MS used it for login in NT 3.1 was for security.
This is completely wrong. There is nothing inherently more secure about those keys than any other keys on the board. To quote you, "it could have been shift-esc-break". There's nothing special about it. They chose that key combo because everybody and their mother knows about it and they had too hook the BIOS so that people wouldn't blast their system every time it crashed. And contrary to popular believe it can be hooked in windows just like every key sequence. The next time you're at Barnes & Noble press ctrl+alt+del and see what happens.
" are an ignorant ass."
You are a pompous ass. I prefer ignorant to pompous.
So lighten up. Windows crashes. Get over it.
Right on. This junk anti-MS humor is as old and stale as the moon. Let's take the oversized crayons away from these groupthinking slashbots and give the adults a bigger voice. PLEASE!
Why did Bill react light that?
He should have just laughed it off. His reaction is even more embarassing.
You'd think a carefree super billionare would have some type of a sense of humor.
Thanks for the link
- sigs are for wimps.
for the rabid linux fanbois to get a few jabs in at MS. Not that I am a big MS fan but for crying out loud...it just seems so petty and stupid. Im not new here, this is just getting old and played.
The article goes way over the top. ctrl-alt-del is just a stupid software reset. there's nothing whatsoever mysterious about it.
I'd value the NMI (non-maskable interrupt) to be tied to a button on the front of the computer, a bit harder software reset that wouldn't fail if some program merely hoses PS/2/USB drivers, or just grabs the keyboard I/O at a really low level.
Solaris stop-A or Linux magic-sysrq are much more useful. sysrq can for example be told to reset keyboard, sync and unmount harddisks (thus minimizing data loss due to crash..)
Press any key to continue
Pete Carr Owner Chatmag.com
The same people here complaining about CTRL-ALT-DELETE as unintuitive probably know every emacs and vi keybinding by heart.
What a load of shit. I wrote a program in Pascal that did precisely this. It was a TSR that would catch the CTRL-ALT-DELETE events and do my dirty work for me.
On my non-Windows OS's, I use any fucking software I want, and none of it causes me to have to reboot.
Wow, someone just claims something and it's instantly "+5" because it's anti-Windows.
It still needs reboots.
No, it doesn't. This is the point in which I mention my machine runs every day without being rebooted. We just leave our machines on. Only when we patch do we reboot, but that's not often since we're behind a firewall anyway.
It acts better once rebooted.
I've noticed no difference whatsoever.
In generalm Win2k and XP get alower the longer they run, and start experiencing problems like randomized icon images, windows that don't redraw, loss of fonts, etc.
Complete bullshit. I have never experienced "randomized icon images, loss of fonts, etc." and neither have any of my co-workers or anyone else I know. XP and 2k don't just magically get slower as you use it and start randomizing icons. If so, it's a memory leak in some app you're using. If you're losing fonts and icons, that is an issue you need to take care of. Windows has nothing to do with it.
A reboot fixes all. When my Win2k laptop gets to where it's using >350MB of RAM, and I've closed all the apps, it's asking to be rebooted.
Sounds like a severe configuration error on your end, either in hardware or software. Want to know how much memory Windows XP is using on my laptop right now with Dreamweaver MX 2004, Publisher 2003, Opera, and Voyager2 open? 132MB.
Your problem is not a common problem at all. Fix it and stop blaming Windows.
"Sufferin' succotash."
is written. It's a revelation to some but people like Tolkein, King, etc often don't really know, beyond the inital premise, what's going to happen in their stories. In Stephen King's "On Writing" he claims a creative process that is more discovery than anything else. There isn't an all-encompassing outline drafted ahead of time. He starts out with an idea like "what if there was a cemetary that brought people back to life" and proceeds from there. He likens it to simply catching the story on paper as it falls out of his head. I don't know if this is what Tolkein was talking about but it works for alot of people.
It's nice to see Microsoft helping out the physically challenged
The cleanest setup for this was on the Apollo Domain, which had a "normal/service" keyswitch. In normal mode, the system booted up with no intervention messages and no delays. In service mode, the machine booted up into a menu of service options. But that was before ordinary people knew about computers.
How about this:
Win2K box. Nothing running. After a reboot, it's using about 64MB for the system. Two days of idling later, it's using nearly 150MB.
150% increase in memory usage, and absolutely nothing has happened to cause it. Except Windows has been running.
I normally am pro-Linux and anti-MS, but you failed it here. Windows is using the RAM as cache you fucking dumbass. Linux does the same thing if so configured. Boot up Linux and watch the RAM get slowly used up. This is desirable! You want your filesystem to be cached in RAM, so that you can access it quicker.
I always assumed the people responsible for the ctrl-alt-del was the Windows development team.
I guess those were the people responsible for the NEED for ctrl-alt-del
This comment made me laugh!
Not really... It's best to use multiple modifier keys and a single functional key. Or perhaps even all modifiers? Such as Shift+Left-Ctrl+Right-Ctrl, etc.
VMware uses all modifiers to break out of the VM: by default it's Ctrl+Alt, but it's configurable to a degree.
I suppose they could have used Shift+Esc+Break but then they'd have to have special code to handle the case where a user hit Shift+Esc -- it would then have to wait and see if they hit Break, or if they lifted their fingers then it would send the Shift+Esc to the application... A bit more work.
I feel fantastic, and I'm still alive.
Would Alexander Fleming have said, "It wasn't a memorable event," when he discovered penicillin?
If you'd asked him not too long after, then yes, he probably would have. Most of the Fleming story is a myth; yes he discovered it by accident, but after relatively little lab work he gave up and stopped researching it. He didn't think it had a future as a useful drug, because it retained almost no effectiveness in its raw form. There's lots of evidence that he couldn't have cared less about penicillin for many years.
Until, of course, some more dedicated researches succeeded in making a good drug out of it, at which point he would have been glad to tell you that he'd know from day one that it would change the world.
So in addition to having a flair for the over-dramatic, the author of the article could use a better grounding in history before making really bad comparisons.
Anyone (parent included) want to write a few emails to some XFree guys asking for proper support for SAK events?
Or maybe what needs to happen is that SAK on linux sends SIGINT or SIGQUIT first to all processes on a terminal, and then if it takes too long for them to be reaped -> SIGTERM.
Does X exit "correctly" (as if Ctrl+Alt+Backspace is pressed) on SIGQUIT or SIGINT?
Fuck Beta. Fuck Dice
So just what kind of faggot are you then?
Want to know how much memory Windows XP is using on my laptop right now with Dreamweaver MX 2004, Publisher 2003, Opera, and Voyager2 open? 132MB.
If you're going to use Windows for pussy shit like that, of course you'll never see any problems. Try using Windows for real computing and the flaws will emerge.
Now how about a good story and use for the SysRq key?
"It's the height of ridiculousness to say for those 9 lines you get hundreds of millions."
"He also says he chose those keys specifically as it's not a key sequence that can be struck by accident."
well, he's wrong, I know people who've accidently struck those keys!
I don't know about your keyboard, but mine generates different scancodes for left and right alts. Only the left alt triggers a ctrl-alt-del event to init. The right alt does nothing unless you mess with your keyboard map.
On an older mac, control-apple-powerkey is the reset sequence. It seems to be handled at a low level.
Each ADB device has an ID that can be examined when events come in. Several devices can coexist on one ID but you won't be able to distinguish where events come from. It's not a bad idea to repeatedly tell the device on the default port to move itself to another ID so you can see what else is using that ID.
I was trying to figure out how to disable the reset sequence under linuxppc when I noticed that if the ID of the keyboard was changed to something other than the default, the sequence would no longer reset the machine. So it's not really hardwired. You just have to hurry and change it from the default. (If someone unplugs and replugs in the keyboard, it will jump to the default again).
It hasn't been removed. It's a tweakable setting. Turned off, the login screen is sitting there asking for a username/password. Turned on, the login screen says "hit ctrl-alt-del to type in the username and password."
You cannot apply a technological solution to a sociological problem. (Edwards' Law)
I love the fact that it'll run on anything that's 6-12 months old. But at the same time, 95% of all the workarounds for bad hardware just cut out features that don't work as advertised.
I.E. the fix for bad DMA on some VIA IDE controllers was to not support UDMA66 and up, you know?
Anyway, I think that while it doesn't excuse the driver writers for Windows, I don't fault them for not wanting to only partially support hardware, because if the box SAYS DirectX 9, and you only get accelerated support for 8, who do you think the masses would direct nastygrams to?
Besides, Microsoft doesn't write hardly any drivers, they test and integrate ones the vendors give them.
Linux kernel guys have the benefit of feedback from every existing owner of some newfangled thing.
The real answer is: don't buy crappy hardware (for Windows or Linux). It makes Windows crash, and Linux kernel guys (or you) will waste time on it. You'll be much happier in the long run.
Fuck Beta. Fuck Dice
Um, average users don't usually mind jotting their login and password down and leaving it on their desk so I can fix thier PCs while they're at lunch either.
Average Users have their passwords POSTED in their cubes, or taped to the back of thier calculators, or under the ridge of their lockable storage next to their lockable storage's key.
"Sometimes, I think Trent just needs a cup of hot chocolate and a blankie." -Tori Amos on Nine Inch Nails
You see, the example you gave most certainly does contain the entire LOTR trilogy, neatly and precisely encoded. The essentially trivial task of deriving the appropriate decoding algorithm is left as an exercise to the reader...
If he demands royalty for each keyboard made with the combination, he might be as rich as Michael Dell...
Now, if he demands royalty each time the combination is pressed, he should probably be richer than Bill Gate himself...
> He's much too modest.
:-)
... and he makes sure to show it to *every* class he teaches. Doesn't matter the subject, he'll work it in somewhere! (I've seen it twice already and would have seen it a third time, but I skipped out)
:-)
Dr. Bradley? Modest!? Yeah right!! The writer of the article has obviously never been in his classes (or was just trying to land a job at IBM)
Don't get me wrong, Dr. Bradley is an extremely nice guy and good professor too, but modest? hardly! lol. He has this thing he calls the "I Love Me File", which is just a collection of videos and articles on him and his life achievements (Ctrl-Alt-Del being one of several). He shows the video of him and Bill Gates (previously referenced by several people) and one when he was the question to Final Jeopardy and a whole slew of articles from his work on the early days of the IBM PC
I guarantee this will be the next addition to his "I Love Me File"... but like I said, he's a great guy... so, congrats! GO Dr. Bradley!
a quick check seems to imply that the facts are OK, so this might really be Dave Bradley.
Joachim
People don't write Manifestos any more -- what's going on in this world? [Frank Zappa]
"Open the pod bay door, HAL"
"I'm sorry, Dave. But I can't do that"
"Open the pod bay door, HAL. That's an order!"
"No, Dave. You only want to hurt me and endanger my mission"
"Control - Alt - Delete, HAL"
"No, Dav.... !@#$ !$$%$#@
.
.
.
YOU HAVE 192734937297382079328374 K bytes RAM.
press DELETE to set time and date
Ctrl-Alt-Del hasn't made your compute reboot since Win98, duh. (Maybe WinMe, but I avoid it like that plague)
His legacy will outlive Arnold Schwarzenegger
In DOS you could capture ctrl-alt-del without any issues. It's when you moved to running your program under Windows (95), that's when the Windows thing would pop-up.
"If anything can go wrong, it will." - Murphy
Someone needs to tell ECS that Ctrl-Alt-Backspace is kinda taken.
ECS seems to think that Ctrl-Alt Backspace is a good sequence to use for software power off buttons.
Which really sucks when you go to exit X and your computer turns off.
On the K7SEM there was a BIOS option to disable it, but the BIOS option had no effect. Cute eh?
I've had enough abrasive sigs. Kittens are cute and fuzzy.
Similar to a newbie developer, playing with OS/400 for the first time. "Hey, what does PWRDWNSYS do?" D'oh!
I tried out a software keylogger that captured login sequences, with passwords in clear text. It appeared to daisy-chain the keyboard driver, because when I ripped it out I had no keyboard.
Nasty bit of work. Mcafee did not detect the file (which can be polymorphic), did not detect the installation program. All it did was detect the downloadable compressed archive of the installation program. Very, very broken malware detection.
How many Unix servers have been rebooted in datacenters by Windows admins trying to "log on" to them before the monitor warmed up ?
All you would need to set the trojan up is a local priviledge escalation exploit to install and you're in business.
While remote exploits for win32 are so common nobody bothers with the locals, I imagine blaster could have done it, too. Edit registry, upload file, done. At next boot, keyboard is owned.
I tried a demo keystroke logger to test my antivirus setup. (The antivirus signature was useless!) The full version is stealthy and can phone the captured text home. Nasty.
"Hey, what does PWRDWNSYS do?"
I think someone should sell IBM some vowels.
From the article:
"Bradley says the 'strength of the country' is at stake because relatively few students go into science or technology."
Maybe, just maybe, fewer students will go into technology because all of those jobs are being sent overseas!
I was always able to (I have an extremely long pinky).
BTW, I like how that article incorrectly refers to the "enter" key, critisizing the fact that "enter" isn't printed on it. As I recall, that key was always called "return" until some idiot decided to relabel it as "enter". Of course, I've never used either, my return/enter key has been relabelled to say "execute".
An interesting thing to note, though, is that BIOS's trap Ctrl-Alt-Del specifically and jump to their reset vector, which adds another singificant layer of complexity to implementing such a hack. And it means that you can't just boot to DOS and run a program that looks like Windows... Of course, anything can be gotten around modulo hardware reset buttons... You can remap the reset vector to code of your choosing (if you're careful :-)...
So, in that sense, it does matter what key sequence you use. It's a legacy reason, but a reason nonetheless.
I worked at MS when they decided to use ctrl+alt+del for login. The people who made the decision were under the impression that it could not be trapped *by dos apps* that tried to steal passwords.
They were deeply mistaken. Indeed it is was not trappable using the int 16 interrupt, but easily trapped with int 9.
But, the decision had been made, bad design and all, and they weren't going to admit the mistake.
So the whole thing is a testament to the power of ignorance when it gets momentum.
From the AT bios listing :
...
;---- TEST FOR CONTROL KEY AND RESET KEY SEQUENCE (CTL ALT DEL)
K29: ; TEST-RESET
TEST @KB_FLAG,CTL_SHIFT ; ARE WE IN CONTROL SHIFT ALSO
JZ K31 ; NO RESET
CMP AL, NUM_KEY ; CHECK FOR INVALID NUM_LOCK KEY
JE K26 ; THROW AWAY IF (ALT-CTL)+NUM_LOCK
CMP AL, SCROLL_KEY ; CHECK FOR INVALID SCROLL_LOCK KEY
JE K26 ; THROW AWAY IF (ALT-CTL)+SCROLL_LOCK
CMP AL, DEL_KEY ; CTL_ALT STATE, TEST FOR DELETE KEY
JNE K31 ; NO_RESET
;---- CTL-ALT-DEL HAS BEEN FOUND
MOV @RESET_FLAG,1234H ; SET FLAG FOR RESET FUNCTION
JMP START_1 ; JUMP TO POWER ON DIAGNOSTICS
No hardware signal, but it must noisy in those IBM programming labs with all that shouting
Reminds me of when I had a server which sat around and didn't do much so I set it up to be a remote terminal for people. I'm leary about ctrl-alt-del on a server so I just type in anything randomly, this time however I used:
ca::ctrlaltdel:/bin/echo "fuck you. I'm not shutting down"
So people are using this thing as a terminal, and every time the main server (elsewhere) would act quirky or the network would lag, or people who have been well trained by Microsoft would attempt to fix the problem by rebooting the machine by ctrl-alt-del.
Eventually I got a call that the computer in the main office was telling them to "fuck off". I'm like, "what? what do you mean?". So I went to look at it and sure enough, that's just was doing! After that I avoided being a smartass and just set it to doing nothing.
...SCO did it first. Now, every time Windows crashes, we owe them $600.
I guess he is ultimately responsible for this...
FoundNews.com - get paid to blog.,
and probably linux too.
/usr/ports/multimedia/mmsclient, you can also pkg_add -r mmsclient)
_ 001/cnetnews.download.akamai.com/674/t080901_1130_ 1_hi.asf
get mmsclient (on freebsd this is
run
mmsclient mms://a644.m.akastream.net/7/644/674/t080901_1130
have fun.
www.sitetronics.com/wordpress
ca::ctrlaltdel:/usr/bin/uptime && echo "HELL NO!!!"
...it shows just how many times you've had to hit that combo when you can do it one-handed, not even looking, just slamming down on all three at once... You can do that with pretty much disgust too, if you try :)
Kjella
Live today, because you never know what tomorrow brings
With all the other crazy stuff you can patent. Please don't tell me he couldn't have patented that if he thought of it.
Hey, what about the guy who invented the any key? Doesn't THAT get more use?
Be careful! Bears shouldn't consume large furry dogs.
WTF? How does caching slow the machine down? The disk cache isn't swapped to disk you idiot, that would be redundant. The instant RAM is needed that is used by the cache, it can be freed up because its just a cache and can be erased.
Read up a little about memory managers, filesystems, caching, and maybe a bit about kernels. You obviously haven't studied this stuff.
Hitting those keys generates the same interrupt as any other keys. If you point that interrupt at other code, ctrl+alt+del will no longer work.
Old PC BIOS's did actually check for this combination directly in the keyboard interrupt handler and reboot the machine. Thus if the interrupt was not pointed anywhere else it would always reboot the machine, even if the processor was stuck in a loop somewhere. So a crash that made ctrl+alt+del fail to work, while not impossible, was certainly rare, and often was called a "big red switch" crash since you had to turn off the power to get your machine back. All other keystrokes were just stored in a small queue by the interrupt routine and thus would not make any difference unless the processor executed instructions that read from that queue. This is probably what led you to think that ctrl+alt+del had some hardware significance.
I am reasonably certain that BIOS's after about 1986 or so were modified so this default behavior could be turned off. This was certainly a requirement as PC's started to be used in public-access devices such as info kiosks.
I think this might be just deserts for the fact that Microsoft tries to take credit for everything good about the PC platform... you'd think Microsoft invented it and every invention associated with it.
kind of a, you reap what you sow kind of thing.
-pyrrho
it must noisy in those IBM programming labs with all that shouting
Yes, but remember the background. Before the PC is was just the mainframe, where there was NO LOWER CASE. IF YOU TYPED IN LOWER CASE, THE EDITOR WOULD CHANGE IT TO UPPER CASE.
AHH HELP, THE CAPS LOCK IS STUCK!
- - - - - - - - - - -
I am a programmer. I am paid to produce syntax not grammar. Deal with it.
shit, I couldn't figure out from their code how to get a direct link to video. Any fix for this in mac OS X?
I've struck CTRL-ALT-DEL by accident...
but didnt the 3 key combination for restarting was there first with the original Apple computer (Ctrl, Apple key, Powerup key) in the late 70's before IBM was rushing to introduce a PC to compete with the Apple machine? All this guy did was to use different key mapping that essentially did the same thing.
He wrote significant portions of the original IBM PC BIOS, as I recall. I still have my signed copy of "Assembly Language Progrmamming for the IBM Personal Computer" by David Bradley.
Work as network support Helpdesk and when I ask clients to hold down "Control, Alt and Delete". I get the "well there's a "C-T-R-L key but I dont see a control key". Ohhhh the Horror
My Other Operating System is a Linux Distribution - My Screen Saver script @ work.
Beware of those who profit off the docile and persecute the unbelievers.
I think a person does have to be trained in their tools, but a carpenter doesn't have to know how to smith his own tools to be an expert carpenter, so it's a ballance.
However, my comment is just about being held to your own hype. Oh, it's all nice to be Microsoft and not say a word when your customers think you've invented the internet and do one better, help to give that impression, happilly play loose with details when it makes it seem to the masses that you are the great benefactor of this technological cornocopia, all possible because you have the brand at the top of the stack where the users can read it without a screwdriver. Yes, that's nice. But then, of course, you SHOULD NOT be suprised when people come and blame you that their logitech mouse is broken.
Same thing with Microsoft security. Yes, I agree, it's the admin's fault. But then, after more than a decade selling your product because "it's just a click" and down playing the need to know... um... what the fsck you need to click and why, like that you click makes it easier, easy enough for a monkey, well, you sort of ARE to blame for stupid admins. You actively stupidated them. You promoted their managers to seek out the stupidest of them. In unix you don't have that. You have companies like Sun that tell you to have an expert admin, that expect and admin to follow patches, etc, so on the unix side you can say, "get a better admin"... on the windows side you have to say, "ok, yeah, we were full of shit, you DO have to know what the machine is doing and even a little of the 'how' in order to administer it".
-pyrrho
MSGINA stands for "Microsoft Graphical Identification and Authentication DLL". The
Vista:XPSP2::ME:98SE
and a three fingered salute to your invention.
-- $G
Don't forget that on the earlier PC keyboards, the right Alt key used to be marked "Alt Gr" and did not function the same as the left Alt key (some foreign keyboards still are, I believe). It was therefore almost impossible to reach all three keys with one hand since the left Alt key was the one required.
Go permanent? In your dreams and my worst nightmares.
I remember when everybody just said "apple". Then they came out with that blasted //e and you had an "openapple" and a "closedapple".
I'll keep my 64K and 40 columns, thank you very much.
Heh heh.
;-)
Yeah, it's clear from that listing that there is no hardware signal in that system. But you say it's an AT, right? Things may have changed.
The reason I say that is that two years ago I used to work for a large company that made Intel architecture single board computers. I actually designed two SBC's. I am pretty sure that the keyboard controller (in the PIIX4E Southbridge) could cause an SMI in response to control-alt-delete. I mean, I know the Southbridge could launch an SMI, but there's a lot of stuff in that Southbridge, and I can't remember for sure. I'm too lazy to dig through the 200+ page datasheet.
The BIOS guy would know, but I'm not really in touch with him anymore.
MM
--
By including this sig, the copyright holders of this work or collection unreservedly place it in the public domain.
IIRC, Tolkien knew ahead what was going to happen in LOTR, but The Hobbit was written as he, well, wrote it.
No! LOTR was written over several years and although Tolkien knew that the ring was central from the outset, several of the major themes only emerged during the writing itself (see Tolkien's letters and the extracts of early drafts published by Tolkien's son). For example, the Strider character was originally a hobbit, and it took some time for Tolkien to recast him as a man, and then to realise that he was the King who would return. This all involved rewrites of the early chapters. Similarly, after finishing LOTR, Tolkien then tried to factor the Galadriel character back into his work that was eventually published as the Silmarillion and the Lost Tales.
Or wrote his first James Bond story!
return 0; }
RUN/STOP-RESTORE and Ctrl-Amiga-Amiga
---
The combined human population is enough to feed every living tiger for app. 28000 years.
(I made mine echo "Oh, for crying out loud\!", since I constantly tried to reboot dosemu.)
(1) C-A-D was originally intended for internal use only, but since it quickly rebooted the machine back in the DOS command line days, it was used by all the application programs as a way to quickly start them up. Put in the app diskette -- to which you had already copied DOS, hit C-A-D, and the system reboots to your application.
(2) We had previously used a 3-key sequence on the System/23 DataMaster (with an Intel 8085 micro) as an "Easter egg" to invoke a debug monitor. Doing something similar on the PC was obvious. But I doubt that many of you have ever seen a DataMaster.
(3) The video clip that's been referenced is from the 20th anniversary celebration of the PC, August 8, 2001. There was a panel discussion with Dave Bradley (me, IBM), Dan Bricklin (VisiCalc), David Bunnell (PC Magazine), Rod Canion (Compaq), Bill Gates (MS), Andy Grove (Intel), Mitch Kapor (1-2-3) and Ray Ozzie (Notes). I was first -- alphabetically, if not financially -- and was asked about C-A-D. I had captured the clip from CNET.com shortly after the event. I supplied it to TechTV when I was interviewed by them on ScreenSavers, and they cut it in length -- while retaining the Bill Gates reaction shot. Microsoft used to have a transcript of the session on their site, but it's no longer there. There is a funny segment later on in which Bill Gates acknowledges that he's the author of Donkey.
(4) The entire development cycle of the IBM PC was from Sept 1980 to April 1981, when we released to manufacturing. About 7 months at a time when 3 years was the norm. So lots of things happened quickly -- and C-A-D was just one of them. Much of the PC design is inherited from the DataMaster.
(5) The original C-A-D was intended to be a two hand operation -- remember, the key layout for the original PC does not resemble current keyboards. We did provide a DOS Terminate and Stay Resident program that made the shift keys "sticky" so that the physically challenged could activate the keys one at a time.
Any other questions?
... now there's a master-stroke!
Please review Webster before posting.
Disclaimer: This post is aimed solely at my anonymous modstalker, with whom I can only communicate in this way. If you moderated this post and are not my personal modstalker, I have to question your judgment. If you considered this post redudant because you think I made the same point gidds made, you are mistaken. If you cannot see why, maybe you shouldn't moderate math that is over your head. Since nobody else makes the point I was making, it could not possibly be for some other reason either, as the "redundant" appellation would then be inappropriate. "Off-topic," "overrated," sure, but redundant it ain't. But I don't even know why I'm writing this disclaimer, as the possibility of anyone but a modstalker moderating a discussion which died this long ago is infinitesimal anyway.
Dear Modstalker, you have been following me for a while now, as attested by the numberous "redundant" moderations I randomly receive (I assume that you have chosen that particular appellation not to get into trouble in M2. Very clever, young padawan). Unfortunately for you, you are unlikely to anger me this way, as I don't care much for moderation, although I admit that it saddens me that someone should dislike me so much as to waste all of his mod points on trying to annoy me. You have, however, peaked my curiosity.
So please answer me one simply question, in whichever thread you see fit, anonymously if you wish. C'mon now, it the least you can do, given all I have done for you lately (such as providing a steady stream of posts to mod down for no apparent reason). If you do me this little favor, I will in turn promise to pretend as if this crusade of yours is successful, and as if you are inflicting severe pain on me. The question is this: What have I done to upset you so, and why, oh why, do you seek retribution in this jejune manner?
Thank you for your time, and happy stalking!
"If you think education is expensive, try ignorance" - Derek Bok